WO2017145968A1 - Circuit hybride, circuit d'alimentation électrique, dispositif d'antenne et procédé d'alimentation électrique - Google Patents

Circuit hybride, circuit d'alimentation électrique, dispositif d'antenne et procédé d'alimentation électrique Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2017145968A1
WO2017145968A1 PCT/JP2017/006061 JP2017006061W WO2017145968A1 WO 2017145968 A1 WO2017145968 A1 WO 2017145968A1 JP 2017006061 W JP2017006061 W JP 2017006061W WO 2017145968 A1 WO2017145968 A1 WO 2017145968A1
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line
input
output
circuit
port
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PCT/JP2017/006061
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English (en)
Japanese (ja)
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理 尼野
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Ｎｅｃスペーステクノロジー株式会社
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Priority to EP17756406.9A priority Critical patent/EP3422465B1/fr
Priority to JP2018501658A priority patent/JP6577655B2/ja
Publication of WO2017145968A1 publication Critical patent/WO2017145968A1/fr

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01P—WAVEGUIDES; RESONATORS, LINES, OR OTHER DEVICES OF THE WAVEGUIDE TYPE
    • H01P5/00—Coupling devices of the waveguide type
    • H01P5/12—Coupling devices having more than two ports
    • H01P5/16—Conjugate devices, i.e. devices having at least one port decoupled from one other port
    • H01P5/19—Conjugate devices, i.e. devices having at least one port decoupled from one other port of the junction type
    • H01P5/22—Hybrid ring junctions
    • H01P5/227—90° branch line couplers
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
    • H01Q21/24—Combinations of antenna units polarised in different directions for transmitting or receiving circularly and elliptically polarised waves or waves linearly polarised in any direction
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q9/00—Electrically-short antennas having dimensions not more than twice the operating wavelength and consisting of conductive active radiating elements
    • H01Q9/04—Resonant antennas
    • H01Q9/0407—Substantially flat resonant element parallel to ground plane, e.g. patch antenna
    • H01Q9/0414—Substantially flat resonant element parallel to ground plane, e.g. patch antenna in a stacked or folded configuration
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q9/00—Electrically-short antennas having dimensions not more than twice the operating wavelength and consisting of conductive active radiating elements
    • H01Q9/04—Resonant antennas
    • H01Q9/0407—Substantially flat resonant element parallel to ground plane, e.g. patch antenna
    • H01Q9/0428—Substantially flat resonant element parallel to ground plane, e.g. patch antenna radiating a circular polarised wave
    • H01Q9/0435—Substantially flat resonant element parallel to ground plane, e.g. patch antenna radiating a circular polarised wave using two feed points

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a power feeding circuit, and more particularly to a power feeding circuit used for a microstrip antenna (hereinafter also abbreviated as “MSA”) for feeding power to an antenna element and a hybrid circuit used therefor.
  • MSA microstrip antenna
  • Microstrip array antennas are used as communication satellite antennas, scientific satellite antennas, synthetic aperture radar antennas, and data transmission antennas.
  • the microstrip array antenna includes a plurality of antenna elements arranged at appropriate intervals and a feeding circuit for exciting them. Each antenna element consists of a microstrip antenna (MSA) element. Each MSA element consists of a radiating element.
  • MSA microstrip antenna
  • Patent Document 1 discloses a “circularly polarized microstrip antenna device” using a ring-type hybrid circuit as a power feeding circuit.
  • Patent Document 1 discloses a two-point power supply type MSA.
  • a radiator pattern (radiating element) and a hybrid circuit are oppositely integrated on the surfaces of first and second dielectric substrates with a ground plate interposed therebetween.
  • the two feeding points of the radiator pattern and the two output ends of the hybrid circuit are aligned at the same position, and the two are connected by two pins that penetrate the first and second dielectric substrates and the ground plate.
  • the hybrid circuit finally divides the supplied high-frequency current into two equal parts and shifts the phase by 90 ° to output to the two pairs of output terminals. Thereby, circularly polarized light is radiated from the radiating element. Therefore, each MSA radiates only one polarization.
  • Patent Document 2 does not use a hybrid circuit as a power supply circuit, but it is possible to switch the polarization to be used to four types of vertical polarization, horizontal polarization, left-hand circular polarization, and right-hand circular polarization.
  • a “microstrip antenna” is disclosed.
  • the microstrip antenna disclosed in Patent Document 2 has a radiation system (radiating element) having a first feeding point and a second feeding point that generate polarized waves orthogonal to each other, and a high frequency between the two feeding points.
  • a polarization-switching feed system that switches the polarization of the combined radio wave by controlling the phase difference of the output signal.
  • the radiation system and the polarization switching power supply system are formed on a printed circuit board composed of a plurality of layers.
  • the polarization switching power feeding system performs polarization switching for performing control so that a phase difference generated between two feeding points of a high-frequency output signal divided into two with equal amplitude and equal phase is 0 °, 90 °, 180 °, and 270 °.
  • a phase difference generated between two feeding points of a high-frequency output signal divided into two with equal amplitude and equal phase is 0 °, 90 °, 180 °, and 270 °.
  • vertical or horizontal polarization is generated from the radiation system when the phase difference is 0 ° and 180 °
  • left-hand circular polarization or right-hand rotation is generated when the phase difference is 90 ° and 270 °.
  • the polarization switching means includes an equal power distributor that divides an input high-frequency signal into two with equal amplitude and equal phase, a first distribution output terminal of the equal power distributor, and a first feeding point.
  • a first variable phase shifter in between, a second variable phase shifter between the second distribution output end of the equal power distributor and the second feed point, and first and second variable And a phase shifter control circuit for controlling switching of the phase shift amount in the phase shifter.
  • Patent Document 3 discloses a “circular polarization switching antenna” with improved cross polarization discrimination (XPD: Cross Polarization Discrimination).
  • the circularly polarized wave switching type antenna disclosed in Patent Document 3 has two feed points and radiates two linearly polarized waves orthogonal to each other, and a transfer element connected to each feed point of the radiating element.
  • the first and second phase shifters having a phase amount of 180 °, and the input signal is branched into two with a phase difference of 90 ° and connected to the first and second phase shifters, and the other end is terminated 90
  • Patent Document 4 discloses a small “multi-frequency planar antenna” in which transmission and reception of a plurality of frequency bands including circularly polarized waves are integrated.
  • the multi-frequency planar antenna disclosed in Patent Document 4 includes an antenna element made of a dielectric substrate and a wiring board on which the antenna element is mounted.
  • the antenna element includes a square first radiation electrode and an annular second radiation electrode formed on the surface of the dielectric substrate, a ground electrode formed on the back surface of the dielectric substrate, a first radiation electrode, And four through holes formed at the positions of the two feeding points of the second radiation electrode.
  • the wiring board is provided with two concentric 90 ° hybrids with a circular conductor pattern of one wavelength whose thickness changes every quarter wavelength. Each 90 ° hybrid is formed with two ports. Two ends of each port are connected to two feeding points of each radiation electrode through a through hole.
  • Patent Document 5 discloses a “high-frequency power distribution and synthesis device” suitable for being realized as a monolithic microwave integrated circuit.
  • a series distribution in which the impedance of the line is halved and a parallel distribution in which the impedance of the line is doubled are alternately and repeatedly connected.
  • the power distribution synthesizer is configured without using four lines at all.
  • a parallel plate balanced line characteristic impedance Z 0, the characteristic impedance Z 0 / a 2 of the first and second microstrip lines, parallel plate balanced line and the first and Disclosed is a power distribution synthesizer including a series distribution unit of parallel plate balanced lines and a parallel plate balanced line-microstop line conversion unit arranged between a second microstrip line and a parallel plate balanced line.
  • the circularly polarized microstrip antenna device disclosed in Patent Document 1 can radiate (transmit / receive) only one polarization.
  • the power feeding circuit feeds power at two points (one point each in two orthogonal directions). Therefore, there are problems that the configuration becomes complicated and the cross polarization discrimination degree does not increase.
  • the feeding circuit feeds power at two points (one point in each of two orthogonal directions).
  • the power feeding circuit includes a first phase shifter, a second phase shifter, and a 90 ° hybrid circuit. As a result, there is a problem that the configuration of the power feeding circuit becomes complicated.
  • the multi-frequency planar antenna disclosed in Patent Document 4 feeds power at four points (two points each for two orthogonal directions). Therefore, there is a problem that it is difficult to obtain sufficient characteristics because sufficient space cannot be obtained.
  • the power feeding circuit is composed of two 90 ° hybrids, there is a problem that the configuration becomes complicated. Further, the 90 ° hybrid is formed by forcibly bending the strip line. For this reason, there is a problem that the voltage standing wave ratio (VSWR: Voltage Standing Wave Ratio) is bad or the degree of mutual coupling does not increase because the line is narrow.
  • VSWR Voltage Standing Wave Ratio
  • Patent Document 5 merely discloses a high-frequency power distribution synthesizer suitable for realization as a monolithic microwave integrated circuit.
  • An object of the present invention is to provide a hybrid circuit, a power feeding circuit, an antenna device, and a power feeding method that solve the above-described problems.
  • the hybrid circuit of the present invention includes an annular line composed of four partial lines having the same electrical length and characteristic impedance, and first and second branch points adjacent to each other via the first partial line of the annular line.
  • First and second input lines branched from the third and fourth branch points adjacent to each other via the first and second input lines branched and the second partial line facing the first partial line of the annular line, respectively.
  • a second output line, and third and fourth output lines branched from the first and second branch points, respectively, and the input impedance of each of the first and second input lines is:
  • the output impedance of each of the first to fourth output lines is equal to half of the characteristic impedance of the partial line.
  • a power feeding circuit is a power feeding circuit using the above hybrid circuit to feed power to an antenna element, wherein the annular line and the first and second input lines are on a surface of a dielectric substrate.
  • the first to fourth output lines are formed of first to fourth through holes formed in different dielectric substrates different from the dielectric substrate, respectively.
  • the antenna element is fed at four points from the end of the through hole, and the characteristic impedance of the hybrid circuit is equal to half of the impedance of the antenna element.
  • the antenna device of the present invention is an antenna device using the above-described feeding circuit, and the feeding circuit has first and second input ports connected to the first and second input lines, respectively.
  • the antenna element includes a lower patch having first to fourth feed points connected to tips of the first to fourth through holes, respectively, and an upper patch electromagnetically connected to the lower patch. .
  • the power feeding method of the present invention is a method of feeding power to the antenna device, wherein a first input signal is supplied to the first input port, and the third and second power feedings are performed via the power feeding circuit.
  • the first and second output signals are respectively fed to the point, the second input signal is supplied to the second input port, and the fourth and first feeding points are respectively supplied via the feeding circuit.
  • the third and third output signals are fed.
  • a small power feeding circuit can be provided.
  • FIG. 3 is a perspective view illustrating a four-point power feeding type microstrip antenna (MSA) using the hybrid circuit shown in FIG. 2 as a power feeding circuit.
  • FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of FIG. 3 taken along the ZX plane.
  • FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of FIG. 3 taken along the ZY plane.
  • FIG. 1 is a circuit diagram showing a 90 ° hybrid circuit 10 used as a related power supply circuit.
  • the 90 ° hybrid circuit 10 shown is also called a branch line coupler.
  • 90 ° hybrid circuit 10 consists of the combination of the first and second partial feed line 11 and 12 of the characteristic impedance Z 0, and the third and fourth portions lines 13 and 14 of the characteristic impedance Z 0 / ⁇ 2.
  • the electrical length L of all the partial lines 11 to 14 is equal to ⁇ / 4.
  • Input and output impedances of the four ports P1 ⁇ P4 of the 90 ° hybrid circuit 10 is Z 0.
  • the four ports P1 to P4 are also called first to fourth ports, respectively.
  • the first port P1 is also called a first input port
  • the second port P2 is also called a second input port
  • the third port P3 is also called a first output port
  • the port P4 is also called a second output port.
  • first to fourth partial lines 11 to 14 constitute an annular line.
  • the first partial line 11 and the second partial line 12 face each other and are also called short-circuit arms.
  • the third partial line 13 and the fourth partial line 14 face each other and are also called series arms.
  • One end of the first partial line 11 is connected to one end of the third partial line 13 at the first branch point 21.
  • the other end of the first partial line 11 is connected to one end of the fourth partial line 14 at the second branch point 22. Therefore, the first partial line 11 is disposed between the first branch point 21 and the second branch point 22.
  • One end of the second partial line 12 is connected to the other end of the third partial line 13 at a third branch point 23.
  • the other end of the second partial line 12 is connected to the other end of the fourth partial line 14 at a fourth branch point 24. Therefore, the second partial line 12 is disposed between the third branch point 23 and the third branch point 24.
  • the 90 ° hybrid circuit 10 includes first to fourth branch lines 31 to 34 branched outward from the annular lines (11 to 14) at first to fourth branch points 21 to 24, respectively.
  • the first port (first input port) P1 is connected to the first branch point 21 via the first branch line 31.
  • the second port (second input port) P ⁇ b> 2 is connected to the second branch point 22 via the second branch line 32.
  • the first branch line 31 is also referred to as a first input line
  • the second branch line 32 is also referred to as a second input line.
  • the third port (first output port) P 3 is connected to the third branch point 23 via the third branch line 33.
  • the fourth port (second output port) P4 is connected to the fourth branch point 34 via the fourth branch line 34.
  • the third branch line 33 is also called a first output line
  • the fourth branch line 34 is also called a second output line.
  • FIG. 1A shows a case where an input signal is inputted from the first input port P1
  • FIG. 1B shows a case where an input signal is inputted from the second input port P2.
  • the input signal supplied from the first input port P1 is branched to the first output port P3 and the second output port P4, and is output as the first output signal and the second output signal, respectively.
  • the output power of the first and second output signals is half of the input power of the input signal. Further, the phases of the first and second output signals are delayed by 90 ° at the first output port P3 and 180 ° at the second output port P4 with respect to the input signal. No signal is output to the second input port P2, and isolation from the peripheral circuit is maintained. That is, the second input port P2 is disconnected from the peripheral circuit.
  • the input signal supplied from the second input port P2 is branched to the first output port P3 and the second output port P4, and is output as the first output signal and the second output signal, respectively.
  • the output power of the first and second output signals is half of the input power of the input signal.
  • the first output signal is output to the first output port P3 with a phase delayed by 180 ° with respect to the input signal.
  • a second output signal is output to the second output port P4 with a phase delay of 90 ° with respect to the input signal. No signal is output to the first input port P1, and isolation from the peripheral circuit is maintained. That is, the first input port P1 is disconnected from the peripheral circuit.
  • the 90 ° hybrid circuit 10 branches the input signal to the two output ports P3 and P4.
  • the two output signals are 90 degrees out of phase.
  • a microstrip antenna (MSA) using such a 90 ° hybrid circuit 10 as a power feeding circuit is a two-point power feeding type MSA.
  • MSA can radiate (transmit / receive) only one polarization (in this example, circular polarization).
  • FIG. 2 is a circuit diagram showing a hybrid circuit 10A used as a power feeding circuit according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the hybrid circuit 10A shown in FIG. 1 is related to the related 90 shown in FIG. 1 except that the configuration of the annular line is different and further includes two output lines and two output ports. ° Has the same configuration as the hybrid circuit 10 and operates. Therefore, in the following, the same reference numerals are given to components having the same functions as those shown in FIG. 1, and the differences will be described in detail.
  • the illustrated hybrid circuit 10A includes a first partial line 11, a second partial line 12, a third partial line 13A, and a fourth partial line 14A as a circular circuit.
  • the third partial line 13 ⁇ / b> A has a characteristic impedance Z 0 .
  • the fourth part line 14A also differs from the fourth portion line 14, with characteristic impedance Z 0.
  • First and second port input impedance (first and second input ports) P1 and P2 are equal to Z 0/4.
  • the first port (first input port) P1 is connected to the first branch point 21 via the first branch line (first input line) 31A.
  • the second port (second input port) P2 is connected to the second branch point 22 via the second branch line (second input line) 32A.
  • the output impedance of the third and fourth ports (first and second output ports) P3 and P4 are equal to Z 0/2.
  • the third port (first output port) P3 is connected to the third branch point 23 via a third branch line (first output line) 33A.
  • the fourth port (second output port) P4 is connected to the fourth branch point 24 via a fourth branch line (second output line) 34A.
  • the illustrated hybrid circuit 10A further includes fifth and sixth ports P5 and P6.
  • the fifth port P5 is also called a third output port
  • the sixth port P6 is also called a fourth output port.
  • the output impedance of the fifth and sixth ports (third and fourth output ports) P5 and P6 are equal to Z 0/2.
  • the fifth port (third output port) P5 is connected to the first branch point 21 via the fifth branch line 35.
  • the sixth port (fourth output port) P6 is connected to the second branch point 22 via the sixth branch line 36.
  • the fifth branch line 35 is also called a third output line
  • the sixth branch line 36 is also called a fourth output line.
  • FIG. 2A shows a case where the first input signal is inputted from the first input port P1
  • FIG. 2B shows a case where the second input signal is inputted from the second input port P2.
  • the first input signal supplied from the first input port P1 is supplied to the first branch point 21 via the first branch line (first input line) 31A.
  • a part of the first input signal at the first branch point 21 is output as the first output signal from the third output port P5 via the fifth branch line (third output line) 35.
  • the clockwise signal and the counterclockwise signal are out of phase with each other at the second branch point 22 and the third branch point 23. Therefore, it passes through as it is, and is output as a second output signal from the second output port P4 via the fourth branch line (second output line) 34A at the fourth branch point 24.
  • the first output signal and the second output signal are 180 degrees out of phase. No signal is output to the second input port P2, the fourth output port P6, and the first output port P3, and isolation from the peripheral circuit is maintained. That is, the second input port P2, the fourth output port P6, and the first output port P3 are disconnected from the peripheral circuit.
  • the second input signal supplied from the second input port P2 is supplied to the second branch point 22 via the second branch line (second input line) 32A.
  • a part of the second input signal at the second branch point 22 is output as a third output signal from the fourth output port P6 via the sixth branch line (fourth output line) 36.
  • the remaining part of the second input signal at the second branch point 22 is that the clockwise signal and the counterclockwise signal are out of phase with each other at the first branch point 21 and the fourth branch point 24. Therefore, it passes through as it is, and is output as a fourth output signal from the first output port P3 via the third branch line (first output line) 33A at the third branch point 23.
  • the third output signal and the fourth output signal are 180 degrees out of phase. No signal is output to the first input port P1, the third output port P5, and the second output port P4, and isolation from the peripheral circuit is maintained. That is, the first input port P1, the third output port P5, and the second output port P4 are separated from the peripheral circuit.
  • the hybrid circuit 10A branches the input signal to the four output ports P3 to P6. Therefore, by connecting the four output ports P3 to P6 of the hybrid circuit 10A to four feeding points of the antenna element (radiating element) (not shown) (for example, through holes), the antenna element (radiating element) It becomes possible to radiate two linearly polarized waves orthogonal to each other at a time.
  • a microstrip antenna (MSA) using such a hybrid circuit 10A as a power feeding circuit is a four-point power feeding type MSA.
  • Such MSA can radiate (transmit / receive) two polarized waves (in this example, linearly polarized waves).
  • the output signal is output ports (P3, P4) connected to branch points (23, 24) far from the branch points (21, 22) to which the input signals are supplied. Is output from only.
  • the output signal is output ports (P5, P6) connected to the branch points (21, 22) to which the input signal is supplied, It is output from both the output ports (P3, P4) connected to the branch points (23, 24) far from it.
  • FIG. 3 is a perspective view showing a four-point power feeding system MSA100.
  • 4 is a cross-sectional view of FIG. 3 taken along the ZX plane.
  • FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view of FIG. 3 taken along the ZY plane.
  • an orthogonal coordinate system (X, Y, Z) is used.
  • the X-axis direction is the front-rear direction (depth direction)
  • the Y-axis direction is the left-right direction
  • the Z-axis direction is The vertical direction (height direction).
  • the center of the upper ground conductor 71 described later is set as the origin O of the orthogonal coordinate system (X, Y, Z).
  • the four-point power feeding system MSA100 shown in the figure has a substantially rectangular parallelepiped shape.
  • the four-point power feeding method MSA 100 includes first to fourth dielectric substrates 51, 52, 53, and 54. As shown in FIG. 3, the first to fourth dielectric substrates 51 to 54 are stacked in this order from the upper side to the lower side.
  • a rectangular upper patch 61 is formed on the upper surface of the first dielectric substrate 51.
  • a substantially rectangular lower patch 62 is formed on the lower surface of the first dielectric substrate 51. That is, the first dielectric substrate 51 is sandwiched between the upper patch 61 and the lower patch 62.
  • the upper patch 61 and the lower patch 62 are electromagnetically coupled. Therefore, the combination of the upper patch 61 and the lower patch 62 constitutes the MSA element (antenna element) 60.
  • the lower patch 62 is sandwiched between the lower surface of the first dielectric substrate 51 and the upper surface of the second dielectric substrate 52.
  • the 4-point power supply system MSA 100 includes a rectangular upper ground conductor 71 and a rectangular lower ground conductor 72.
  • the upper ground conductor 71 is sandwiched between the lower surface of the second dielectric substrate 52 and the upper surface of the third dielectric substrate 53.
  • the lower ground conductor 72 is formed on the lower surface of the fourth dielectric substrate 54.
  • the power feeding circuit (hybrid circuit) 10A according to the embodiment of the present invention is formed so as to be substantially sandwiched between the lower surface of the third dielectric substrate 53 and the upper surface of the fourth dielectric substrate 54. .
  • the first port (first input port) P1 is formed at the front end between the third dielectric substrate 53 and the fourth dielectric substrate 54.
  • the second port (second input port) P ⁇ b> 2 is formed at the right end between the third dielectric substrate 53 and the fourth dielectric substrate 54.
  • the first branch line (first input line) 31A extends in the front-rear direction X from the first port (first input port) P1.
  • the second branch line (second input line) 32A extends in the left-right direction Y from the second port (second input port) P2.
  • the annular line (11, 12, 13A, 14A) in the feeding circuit (hybrid circuit) 10A is formed in an annular shape on the upper surface of the fourth dielectric substrate 54 around the vertical direction Z passing through the origin O.
  • the illustrated circular line (11, 12, 13A, 14A) has a rhombus shape.
  • the first branch point 21 is formed in front of the vertical direction X with respect to the vertical direction Z passing through the origin O.
  • the second branch point 22 is formed to the right of the left-right direction Y rather than the up-down direction Z passing through the origin O.
  • the third branch point 23 is formed on the left side in the left-right direction Y with respect to the up-down direction Z passing through the origin O.
  • the fourth branch point 24 is formed behind the front-rear direction X with respect to the up-down direction Z passing through the origin O.
  • the third branch line (first output line) 33A extends upward in the vertical direction Z from the third branch point 23, and is connected to the third dielectric substrate 53 and the first The first through hole is formed through the two dielectric substrates 52.
  • the upper end of the first through hole 33A forms a third port (first output port) P3.
  • the third port (first output port) P3 is connected to the first feeding point 621 of the lower patch 62.
  • the fourth branch line (second output line) 34 ⁇ / b> A extends upward in the vertical direction Z from the fourth branch point 24, and is connected to the third dielectric substrate 53 and the second dielectric line 53.
  • the second through hole is formed through the second dielectric substrate 52.
  • the upper end of the second through hole 34A forms a fourth port (second output port) P4.
  • the fourth port (second output port) P4 is connected to the second feeding point 622 of the lower patch 62.
  • the fifth branch line (third output line) 35 extends upward in the vertical direction Z from the first branch point 21, and is connected to the third dielectric substrate 53 and the third dielectric line 53.
  • the third through hole is formed through the second dielectric substrate 52.
  • the upper end of the third through hole 35 forms a fifth port (third output port) P5.
  • the fifth port (third output port) P5 is connected to the third feeding point 623 of the lower patch 62.
  • the sixth branch line (fourth output line) 36 extends upward in the vertical direction Z from the second branch point 22, and is connected to the third dielectric substrate 53 and the second dielectric line 53.
  • the second through hole is formed through the second dielectric substrate 52.
  • the upper end of the fourth through hole 36 forms a sixth port (fourth output port) P6.
  • the sixth port (fourth output port) P6 is connected to the fourth feeding point 624 of the lower patch 62.
  • the first to fourth output lines 33A, 34A, 35, and 36 are formed through the third dielectric substrate 53 and the second dielectric substrate 52, respectively.
  • the first through fourth through holes are formed.
  • the upper ground conductor 71 is substantially concentric with the first to fourth through holes 33A, 34A, 35, and 36, respectively, and is larger than the diameter of the first to fourth through holes 33A, 34A, 35, and 36. It has first to fourth openings 711, 712, 713, and 714 of diameter.
  • the lower patch 62 has first to fourth slits 626, 627, 628, and 629 provided around the first to fourth feeding points 621 to 624, respectively.
  • the first to fourth slits 626 to 629 are formed on the inner side in the vertical direction Z passing through the origin O than the first to fourth feeding points 621 to 624, respectively. It has a ring shape.
  • the characteristic impedance of the power feeding circuit (hybrid circuit) 10A is half of the impedance of the MSA element 60.
  • the first input signal supplied to the first input port P1 passes through the first input line 31A and reaches the first branch point 21.
  • a part of the first input signal passes through the third through hole 35 and passes from the third output port P 5 to the third feeding point 623 of the lower patch 62. Power is supplied as an output signal.
  • the remainder of the first input signal that has reached the first branch point 21 passes through the third branch point 23 and the second branch point 22 of the power feeding circuit 10A as it is for the reason described above, and the fourth At the branch point 24, power is supplied as a second output signal from the second output port P4 to the second feed point 622 of the lower patch 62 through the second through hole 34A.
  • the first output signal and the second output signal are 180 degrees out of phase.
  • the second input port P2, the fourth output port P6, and the first output port P3 are isolation ports.
  • the second input signal supplied to the second input port P2 reaches the second branch point 22 through the second input line 32A.
  • a part of the second input signal passes through the fourth through hole 36 and passes from the fourth output port P 6 to the fourth feeding point 624 of the lower patch 62. Power is supplied as an output signal.
  • the remainder of the second input signal that has reached the second branch point 22 passes through the first branch point 21 and the fourth branch point 24 of the power feeding circuit 10A as it is for the reason described above, and the third Is supplied as a fourth output signal from the first output port P3 to the first feeding point 621 of the lower patch 62 through the first through hole 33A.
  • the third output signal and the fourth output signal are 180 ° out of phase.
  • the first input port P1, the third output port P5, and the second output port P4 are isolation ports.
  • the hybrid circuit 10A is adopted as the power supply circuit of the MSA 100, the isolation is improved and sufficient space can be obtained even if power is supplied to four points (two points each in two orthogonal directions). become. For this reason, sufficient characteristics as the MSA 100 can be obtained.
  • the upper patch 61 and the lower patch 62 are electromagnetically connected, it is possible to contribute to a wide band.
  • the power feeding circuit 10A is directly connected to the back surface of the MSA element (antenna element) 60, a small four-point power feeding system MSA100 can be provided.
  • the annular line has a rhombus shape, but is not limited thereto, and may be circular (annular), and the four partial lines may have the same electrical length and characteristics. Any shape can be used as long as it has impedance.
  • the power feeding circuit (hybrid circuit) according to the present invention can be used as a power feeding circuit for a microstrip array antenna such as a communication satellite antenna, a scientific satellite antenna, a synthetic aperture radar antenna, a data transmission antenna, or the like.

Landscapes

  • Variable-Direction Aerials And Aerial Arrays (AREA)
  • Waveguide Aerials (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un circuit d'alimentation compact. Elle concerne un circuit hybride utilisé comme circuit d'alimentation pour alimenter un élément d'antenne, comprenant : une ligne annulaire comportant quatre lignes partielles, toutes de même longueur électrique et de même impédance caractéristique; des première et deuxième lignes d'entrée qui partent, respectivement, de premier et deuxième points de branchement qui sont adjacents à une première ligne partielle de la ligne annulaire; des première et deuxième lignes de sortie qui partent, respectivement, de troisième et quatrième points de branchement qui sont adjacents à la deuxième ligne partielle faisant face à la première ligne partielle de la ligne annulaire; et des troisième et quatrième lignes de sortie qui partent des premier et deuxième points de branchement, respectivement. L'impédance d'entrée des première et deuxième lignes d'entrée est égale au quart de l'impédance caractéristique des lignes partielles, et l'impédance de sortie des première à quatrième lignes de sortie est égale à la moitié de l'impédance caractéristique des lignes partielles.
PCT/JP2017/006061 2016-02-24 2017-02-20 Circuit hybride, circuit d'alimentation électrique, dispositif d'antenne et procédé d'alimentation électrique WO2017145968A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP17756406.9A EP3422465B1 (fr) 2016-02-24 2017-02-20 Circuit hybride, circuit d'alimentation électrique, dispositif d'antenne et procédé d'alimentation électrique
JP2018501658A JP6577655B2 (ja) 2016-02-24 2017-02-20 ハイブリッド回路、給電回路、アンテナ装置、及び給電方法

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP2016-032743 2016-02-24
JP2016032743 2016-02-24

Publications (1)

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WO2017145968A1 true WO2017145968A1 (fr) 2017-08-31

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EP (1) EP3422465B1 (fr)
JP (1) JP6577655B2 (fr)
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US11588241B2 (en) * 2017-11-17 2023-02-21 University Of New Hampshire Compact switched line phase shifter for a microstrip phased array antenna

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EP4285438A1 (fr) * 2021-01-27 2023-12-06 Analog Devices International Unlimited Company Antennes à polarisation circulaire à larges plages de balayage

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JPH08125413A (ja) * 1994-10-26 1996-05-17 Alps Electric Co Ltd 平衡不平衡変換回路
US5880694A (en) * 1997-06-18 1999-03-09 Hughes Electronics Corporation Planar low profile, wideband, wide-scan phased array antenna using a stacked-disc radiator
JP2001044753A (ja) * 1999-07-21 2001-02-16 Raytheon Co 広帯域の二重線形および円偏波されたフェイズドアレイ用の低プロフィールの集積された放射器タイル
US20130201066A1 (en) * 2012-02-02 2013-08-08 Harris Corporation Wireless communications device having loop antenna with four spaced apart coupling points and reflector and associated methods

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KR20130032506A (ko) * 2011-09-23 2013-04-02 한국전자통신연구원 재구성 고차모드 코니칼 빔 생성 안테나 장치
FR2989843B1 (fr) * 2012-04-20 2015-02-27 Thales Sa Reseau de formation de faisceau d'antenne a faible encombrement pour reseau antennaire circulaire ou tronc-conique

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH08125413A (ja) * 1994-10-26 1996-05-17 Alps Electric Co Ltd 平衡不平衡変換回路
US5880694A (en) * 1997-06-18 1999-03-09 Hughes Electronics Corporation Planar low profile, wideband, wide-scan phased array antenna using a stacked-disc radiator
JP2001044753A (ja) * 1999-07-21 2001-02-16 Raytheon Co 広帯域の二重線形および円偏波されたフェイズドアレイ用の低プロフィールの集積された放射器タイル
US20130201066A1 (en) * 2012-02-02 2013-08-08 Harris Corporation Wireless communications device having loop antenna with four spaced apart coupling points and reflector and associated methods

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US11588241B2 (en) * 2017-11-17 2023-02-21 University Of New Hampshire Compact switched line phase shifter for a microstrip phased array antenna

Also Published As

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EP3422465A4 (fr) 2019-10-23
EP3422465A1 (fr) 2019-01-02
JPWO2017145968A1 (ja) 2018-12-06
JP6577655B2 (ja) 2019-09-18
EP3422465B1 (fr) 2020-12-23

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