WO2017143480A1 - 一种气道状态评价装置、方法及呼吸机 - Google Patents
一种气道状态评价装置、方法及呼吸机 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2017143480A1 WO2017143480A1 PCT/CN2016/074246 CN2016074246W WO2017143480A1 WO 2017143480 A1 WO2017143480 A1 WO 2017143480A1 CN 2016074246 W CN2016074246 W CN 2016074246W WO 2017143480 A1 WO2017143480 A1 WO 2017143480A1
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
- A61M16/00—Devices for influencing the respiratory system of patients by gas treatment, e.g. mouth-to-mouth respiration; Tracheal tubes
- A61M16/021—Devices for influencing the respiratory system of patients by gas treatment, e.g. mouth-to-mouth respiration; Tracheal tubes operated by electrical means
- A61M16/022—Control means therefor
- A61M16/024—Control means therefor including calculation means, e.g. using a processor
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
- A61B5/08—Detecting, measuring or recording devices for evaluating the respiratory organs
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
- A61B5/08—Detecting, measuring or recording devices for evaluating the respiratory organs
- A61B5/082—Evaluation by breath analysis, e.g. determination of the chemical composition of exhaled breath
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
- A61B5/08—Detecting, measuring or recording devices for evaluating the respiratory organs
- A61B5/087—Measuring breath flow
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
- A61B5/08—Detecting, measuring or recording devices for evaluating the respiratory organs
- A61B5/091—Measuring volume of inspired or expired gases, e.g. to determine lung capacity
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
- A61B5/74—Details of notification to user or communication with user or patient ; user input means
- A61B5/742—Details of notification to user or communication with user or patient ; user input means using visual displays
- A61B5/743—Displaying an image simultaneously with additional graphical information, e.g. symbols, charts, function plots
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
- A61M16/00—Devices for influencing the respiratory system of patients by gas treatment, e.g. mouth-to-mouth respiration; Tracheal tubes
- A61M16/0003—Accessories therefor, e.g. sensors, vibrators, negative pressure
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
- A61M16/00—Devices for influencing the respiratory system of patients by gas treatment, e.g. mouth-to-mouth respiration; Tracheal tubes
- A61M16/04—Tracheal tubes
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
- A61M16/00—Devices for influencing the respiratory system of patients by gas treatment, e.g. mouth-to-mouth respiration; Tracheal tubes
- A61M16/04—Tracheal tubes
- A61M16/0434—Cuffs
- A61M16/044—External cuff pressure control or supply, e.g. synchronisation with respiration
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
- A61M16/00—Devices for influencing the respiratory system of patients by gas treatment, e.g. mouth-to-mouth respiration; Tracheal tubes
- A61M16/08—Bellows; Connecting tubes ; Water traps; Patient circuits
- A61M16/0816—Joints or connectors
- A61M16/0833—T- or Y-type connectors, e.g. Y-piece
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
- A61M16/00—Devices for influencing the respiratory system of patients by gas treatment, e.g. mouth-to-mouth respiration; Tracheal tubes
- A61M16/08—Bellows; Connecting tubes ; Water traps; Patient circuits
- A61M16/0816—Joints or connectors
- A61M16/0841—Joints or connectors for sampling
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
- A61M16/00—Devices for influencing the respiratory system of patients by gas treatment, e.g. mouth-to-mouth respiration; Tracheal tubes
- A61M16/0003—Accessories therefor, e.g. sensors, vibrators, negative pressure
- A61M2016/0027—Accessories therefor, e.g. sensors, vibrators, negative pressure pressure meter
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
- A61M2205/00—General characteristics of the apparatus
- A61M2205/35—Communication
- A61M2205/3576—Communication with non implanted data transmission devices, e.g. using external transmitter or receiver
- A61M2205/3592—Communication with non implanted data transmission devices, e.g. using external transmitter or receiver using telemetric means, e.g. radio or optical transmission
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
- A61M2205/00—General characteristics of the apparatus
- A61M2205/50—General characteristics of the apparatus with microprocessors or computers
- A61M2205/502—User interfaces, e.g. screens or keyboards
Definitions
- Airway state evaluation device for Airway state evaluation device, method and ventilator
- the present invention relates to a medical device, and in particular to an airway state evaluation device and method for an endotracheal tube, and a ventilator including the airway state evaluation device.
- Endotracheal intubation refers to the insertion of a special endotracheal tube into the nasopharynx or oropharynx through the nose or mouth, thus establishing a gas passage in the patient's trachea.
- Tracheal intubation is an important rescue commonly used in emergency work.
- Technology is an effective means of ensuring airway patency.
- a conventional endotracheal tube includes a catheter, a deflated balloon, and an inflation tube.
- the catheter is inserted into the patient's trachea, and the catheter is inserted into the patient's trachea, and the exposed end is connected to the ventilator.
- the breathing tube is fixed on the outside of one end of the catheter extending into the trachea, and can function as a fixed cannula, a closed trachea, and aspiration prevention.
- the inflation tube is usually an elongated hose, one end and the air bag. Internally connected, one end exposed, connected to the inflatable bag or syringe. The operator can inflate the inside of the air bag by operating the air bag or the syringe.
- the tracheal intubation is easy to insert, it is suitable for emergency situations, and because it is relatively large in lumen, it is easy to suck, so it is more useful in clinical practice.
- the artificial airway is established by tracheal intubation, which damages and destroys the normal physiological functions of the body to a certain extent. For example, when the airbag pressure is too high, it is easy to cause insufficient air supply to the patient's tracheal mucosa and cause airway damage, and artificial gas is established for a long time.
- the road is also easy to cause the patient's tracheal stenosis, so the medical staff needs to evaluate the patient's airway state before the patient is withdrawn and extubated, depending on the degree of patency, whether to extubate or not, otherwise it will lead to difficulty in re-intubation, and even endanger the patient's life.
- the latest manual airway balloon management guidelines also recommend that the airbag leak test should be performed to assess the degree of airway patency before the intubation is removed.
- an embodiment provides an airway state evaluation apparatus, including:
- a respiratory monitoring module configured to monitor a respiratory parameter of the patient
- a charging and discharging module includes an interface for connecting with an inflation tube of the endotracheal tube, and inflating or inflating the air bag of the tracheal intubation through the inflation tube;
- a charging and discharging control module which is connected to the charging and discharging module, and is configured to control the charging and discharging module to inflate and deflate the airbag, so that the airbag meets the evaluation state;
- the data processing module is electrically connected to the respiratory monitoring module, configured to collect the breathing parameter of the patient from the respiratory monitoring module when the airbag meets the evaluation state, and evaluate the airway state of the patient according to the breathing parameter.
- an embodiment provides an airway state evaluation apparatus, including:
- a respiratory monitoring module configured to monitor a respiratory parameter of the patient
- a charging and discharging module comprises an interface for connecting with an inflation tube of the endotracheal tube, and inflating or inflating the air bag of the tracheal intubation through the inflation tube;
- a pressure sensor configured to communicate with the airbag to measure the pressure of the airbag
- a charging and discharging control module electrically connected to the signal output end of the pressure sensor, after starting the airway state evaluation process, outputting a command or prompt message for inflating or deflated the airbag, determining whether the airbag conforms according to the pressure of the airbag Evaluation status
- the data processing module is electrically connected to the respiratory monitoring module, configured to collect the breathing parameter of the patient from the respiratory monitoring module after the airbag meets the evaluation state, and evaluate the airway state of the patient according to the breathing parameter.
- an embodiment provides an airway state evaluation apparatus, including:
- a charging and discharging module comprises an interface for connecting with an inflation tube of the endotracheal tube, and inflating or inflating the air bag of the tracheal intubation through the inflation tube;
- a pressure sensor configured to communicate with the airbag to measure the pressure of the airbag
- connection module for connecting to a ventilator signal
- a charging and discharging control module which is respectively electrically connected to the signal output ends of the charging and discharging module and the pressure sensor, for controlling the charging and discharging module to inflate and deflate the airbag, or outputting the airbag to inflate or deflate a message for inflating the airbag to a predetermined pressure or completely deflated
- the charging and discharging control module is further electrically connected with the connection module, communicates with the ventilator through the connection module, receives a charge and discharge command from the ventilator, and/or breathes The machine feedbacks the airbag pressure.
- a ventilator including:
- a breathing circuit for communicating with the exposed end of the catheter of the endotracheal tube for providing a passage for the patient to inhale and exhale the gas;
- a breathing module configured to provide mechanical ventilation to the patient, the breathing module being connected to the breathing circuit;
- any of the above airway state evaluation devices wherein the respiratory monitoring module is configured to be connected to a breathing circuit for monitoring a breathing parameter of the patient.
- an embodiment provides an airway state evaluation method for evaluating a patient's airway state using the airway state evaluation device, the method comprising:
- the airway state is evaluated based on the first and second breathing parameters, and the evaluation result is output.
- an embodiment provides an airway state evaluation method for evaluating an airway state of a patient using the airway state evaluation device, the method comprising:
- the airway state is evaluated based on the inhalation parameter and the expiratory parameter, and the evaluation result is output.
- an embodiment provides an airway state evaluation apparatus, including:
- an airway state evaluation apparatus including:
- [0054] means for initiating an airway state evaluation process based on a user's instruction
- an embodiment provides an endotracheal intubation device, comprising:
- an endotracheal tube comprising a catheter, a balloon and an inflation tube, the balloon surrounding the one end of the catheter, the inflation tube having one end communicating with the interior of the balloon and the other end for inputting a gas;
- the interface of the charge and discharge module is connected to the other end of the inflation tube.
- an embodiment provides an airway state evaluation method, including:
- the airway state evaluation prompt is output according to the comparison result.
- an airway state evaluation method including:
- the airway state evaluation prompt is output according to the comparison result.
- an airway state evaluation apparatus in an embodiment, wherein the apparatus comprises:
- a receiving module configured to receive an airway state evaluation command of the user, and output an evaluation trigger command
- a breathing parameter detecting module is connected to the interface module, and after receiving the evaluation triggering command, measuring a gas expiratory parameter of the gas cannula in a state of charging and deflation;
- a breathing parameter comparison module connected to the breathing parameter detecting module, comparing the values of the expiratory parameters respectively measured in the charging and deflation states;
- the evaluation module is connected to the breathing parameter comparison module, and prompts to output an airway state evaluation prompt according to the comparison result.
- an embodiment provides an airway state evaluation apparatus, wherein the apparatus comprises:
- a receiving module configured to receive an airway state evaluation command of the user, and output an evaluation trigger command
- a breathing parameter detecting module is connected to the interface module, and after receiving the evaluation triggering command, measuring a value of a patient inhalation parameter and a value of an expiratory parameter in a deflated state of the air bag of the gas cannula;
- a breathing parameter comparison module connected to the breathing parameter detecting module, comparing the measured value of the inhalation parameter with the value of the expiratory parameter;
- the evaluation module is connected to the breathing parameter comparison module, and prompts to output an airway state evaluation prompt according to the comparison result.
- Embodiment 1 is a schematic structural view of Embodiment 1;
- FIG. 2 is a schematic flow chart of airway state evaluation using respiratory parameters detected before and after deflation of the airbag;
- FIG. 3 is a schematic view showing a first stage airbag inflation period on the interface;
- FIG. 4 is a schematic view showing a deflation period of a second stage airbag on the interface
- FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram showing display criteria conforming to preset evaluation criteria;
- FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram showing an evaluation criterion that does not meet a preset on an interface;
- FIG. 7 is a schematic view showing a state in which a balloon is in a leak state on an interface
- FIG. 8 is a flow chart showing airway state evaluation using respiratory parameters detected after deflation of the airbag
- Embodiment 9 is a schematic structural view of Embodiment 3.
- Embodiment 10 is a schematic structural view of Embodiment 4.
- Embodiment 1 is a diagrammatic representation of Embodiment 1:
- the catheter 20 of the tracheal intubation is inserted into the airway 21 of the patient under normal working conditions, and the airbag 22 is fixed to the outside of one end of the catheter 20 that protrudes into the air passage 21, and the end of the inflation tube 23 It communicates with the inside of the air bag 22, and one end is exposed to the outside, and communicates with the charging and discharging module.
- the exposed end 201 of the catheter 20 is connected to the breathing circuit 24 of the ventilator.
- the breathing circuit 24 includes an inspiratory circuit 24a and an expiratory circuit 24b, in which case the inspiratory circuit 24a and the expiratory circuit 24b are connected to the catheter exposed end of the tracheal cannula via a Y-shaped member 25, respectively. 201.
- the airway state evaluation device includes three units, and the first unit 14 includes a breathing module 142, a respiratory monitoring module 141, and data processing. Module 143, second unit 12 includes a charge and discharge module 121 and a charge and discharge control module 122. In a preferred embodiment, the second unit 12 further includes a pressure sensor 123, and the third unit is an evaluation result output unit 13.
- the breathing module 142 is in communication with the breathing circuit 24 for providing mechanical ventilation to the patient.
- the breathing module 142 includes an inspiratory valve 142a and an exhalation valve 142b, and the inspiratory valve 142a and the exhalation valve 142b pass The airflow through the breathing circuit 24 is controlled, and the specific airflow is output to the patient's lungs through the breathing circuit 24 and the catheter 20, and the airway pressure and tidal volume are maintained at a specific level to achieve the patient's machinery. Ventilation.
- the respiratory monitoring module 141 is configured to monitor respiratory parameters of the patient.
- the respiratory monitoring module 141 can monitor respiratory parameters such as tidal volume, respiratory flow rate, airway pressure, carbon dioxide content, and chemical indicator content of the patient.
- the respiratory monitoring module 141 includes a flow sensor that can monitor the respiratory flow rate of the patient and output the respiratory flow rate to the data processing module 143.
- the respiratory monitoring module 141 can be in communication with the breathing circuit 24.
- the suction monitoring unit 141 can be disposed in the channel of the Y-shaped member 25.
- the respiratory monitoring module 141 needs to separately monitor the respiratory parameters of the expiratory phase and the inspiratory phase, the respiratory monitoring module 141 can respectively be connected with the breathing tube.
- the intake circuit 24a of the road 24 communicates with the exhalation circuit 24b.
- the data processing module 143 is electrically connected to the respiratory monitoring module 141 for collecting the breathing parameters of the patient from the breathing monitoring module 141 in the airbag conforming to the evaluation state, and evaluating the airway state of the patient according to the breathing parameters.
- the charging and discharging module 121 inflates or deflates the air bag 22 of the endotracheal tube through the inflation tube 23, and the charging and discharging module 121 includes an air pump 1211 and a first interface 1212, and the first interface 1212 can pass through the connecting tube 1213 is connected to the gas input and output port of the air pump 1211.
- the exposed end of the airbag inflation tube 23 includes a second interface 231, and the second interface 231 can cooperate with the first interface 1212 to achieve a hermetic connection.
- the second interface 231 is connected to the first interface 1212, the air passage is formed from the air pump 1211 via the connecting pipe 1213, the first port 1212, the second port 231, and the air tube 23 to the air bag 22.
- the air pump 1211 can be replaced with a syringe, a proportional valve or an exhaust valve, and the power component of the syringe, the proportional valve or the exhaust valve is electrically connected to the charging and discharging control module 122, and the gas input and output port passes through the connecting pipe. 1213 is in communication with the first interface 1212.
- the charging and discharging control module 122 is connected to the charging and discharging module 121 for controlling the charging and discharging module 12 to inflate and deflate the airbag to make the airbag conform to the evaluation state.
- Different evaluation criteria the required airbag evaluation status is different, and some evaluation criteria are to compare and compare the breathing parameters detected before and after the airbag is deflated. Therefore, the required airbag evaluation state refers to the airbag being inflated to a predetermined pressure before deflation.
- connection between the charging and discharging control module 122 and the charging and discharging module 121 may be an electrical connection or a mechanical or pneumatic connection.
- the charging and discharging module 121 adopts an air pump mode, and the charging and discharging control module 122 is electrically connected with the air pump to control the starting and turning of the air pump, thereby achieving inflation and deflation of the airbag.
- the pressure sensor 123 is disposed on the charging and discharging module 121 for measuring the pressure of the airbag 22 after the charging and discharging module 121 and the inflation tube 23 are in communication, for example, installing the pressure sensor 123 on the gas input of the air pump through the mounting hole.
- the output port either mounted on the connecting tube 1213 or mounted on the first port 1212, enables the pressure sensor 123 to communicate with the gas flow path of the air bag 22.
- the signal output end of the pressure sensor 123 is electrically connected to the charging and discharging control module 122, and the pressure of the air bag 22 is fed back to the charging and discharging control module 122.
- Pressure sensor 123 For detecting the pressure of the air bag, it is merely an example of being disposed on the charge and discharge module. Those skilled in the art should understand that the pressure sensor can also be installed in other ways as long as it can communicate with the air bag after use.
- the evaluation result obtained by the data processing module 143 can be outputted by the evaluation result output unit 13, and the output mode can be sound, light, text or image.
- the evaluation result output unit 13 includes a display module 131, and the evaluation result obtained by the data processing module 143 is displayed as an image by the display module 131.
- the display module 131 can also receive parameters and instructions input by the user
- the breathing module 142 provides preset mechanical ventilation according to the parameters input by the user
- the charging and discharging control module 122 controls the air-filling and discharging module 121 to the airbag based on the instruction input by the user. 22 inflated or deflated. Further, the charging and discharging control module 122 can also display the detected pressure of the airbag through the display module 131.
- the state evaluation process of the two evaluation criteria is separately described below. Specifically, the tidal volume is taken as the breathing parameter, and those skilled in the art should understand that in other embodiments, the airway is evaluated.
- the respiratory parameters of the state may also be other parameters such as respiratory flow rate, airway pressure, carbon dioxide content, and chemical indicator content.
- the evaluation process of comparing the tidal volume detected before and after the deflation of the airbag to the evaluation standard includes the following steps:
- Step 31 Start the airway state evaluation process.
- the charging and discharging control module controls the charging and discharging module to maintain the airbag at a predetermined pressure.
- the user for example, a medical staff
- the instruction of the airway state evaluation process starts the airway state automatic evaluation process.
- the medical staff can enter the ventilation tidal volume and the number of breathing cycles for measurement on the interface, or use the default tidal volume and number of cycles.
- Step 32 The breathing module is controlled to provide mechanical ventilation to the patient with a preset tidal volume, and the amount of expiratory tidal volume before deflation is recorded.
- the airbag is under a predetermined pressure and conforms to the evaluation state.
- the respiratory monitoring module is a flow sensor
- the flow sensor can monitor the respiratory flow rate of the patient
- the data processing module can calculate the expiratory tidal volume according to the respiratory flow rate and save the expiratory moisture.
- the pre-deflation expiratory tidal volume may be a measurement of one respiratory cycle or an average of a plurality of respiratory cycle measurements, each respiratory cycle including an inspiratory phase and an expiratory phase.
- Step 33 Control the charging and discharging module to completely deflate the airbag.
- the charging and discharging control module controls the charging and discharging module to deflate the airbag, and the pressure sensor can monitor the pressure in the airbag and feedback the pressure in the airbag to the charging and discharging control module.
- the pressure is lower than a certain value (ie, the airbag is completely deflated) ⁇ , the charging and discharging control module controls the charging and discharging module to stop deflation.
- the helium bladder is in a fully deflated state and is in an evaluation state.
- Step 34 recording the amount of expiratory tidal volume after deflation.
- the exhalation flow rate of the patient after the balloon is completely deflated is obtained from the respiratory monitoring module, and the data processing module can calculate the expiratory tidal volume according to the respiratory flow rate, and save the expiratory tidal volume as the second respiratory parameter, and the expiratory tidal volume after deflation It can also be a measurement of a breathing cycle or an average of multiple respiratory cycle measurements.
- Step 35 Control the charging and discharging module to inflat the airbag to a preset pressure. After the tidal volume is collected, the balloon is inflated to a preset pressure to place the patient in a normal ventilation mode.
- Step 36 Compare the amount of expiratory tidal volume before and after deflation.
- the comparison result may be the difference, ratio or percentage of expiratory tidal volume before and after deflation.
- Step 37 Comparing the comparison result with the preset criterion, obtaining an evaluation result of the degree of airway patency, and outputting the evaluation result.
- the evaluation process and the evaluation result may be displayed in a visual manner through the display module.
- the data processing module generates graphic data for displaying the visual pattern of the tracheal cannula inserted into the pharynx of the patient, and outputs the graphic data to the display module, as shown in the figure.
- the display interface shown in 3-6 including:
- Ventilation parameters and evaluation criteria used in the evaluation process are set before starting the evaluation process, and the ventilation parameters include, for example, tidal volume TV, cycle number, etc., and the evaluation criteria are mainly
- ⁇ % is expressed.
- the tidal volume TV is set to 500 ml
- the cycle number Cycle is 5
- ⁇ is 1 10 ml
- ATW It is 10 ⁇ 3 ⁇ 4.
- Parameters and image display during the evaluation process such as display of ventilation waveform, trend of key parameters, and state image of airbag pressure.
- the final evaluation result, the evaluation result can be displayed in the form of an image and/or a text.
- FIG. 3 shows the first stage in which a certain period of tidal volume is measured during inflation of the airbag, and the airbag in the sputum pattern exhibits a filling state.
- FIG. 4 shows a second stage in which a certain period of tidal volume is measured during deflation of the airbag. Thereafter, the airbag is completely deflated, and the data processing module changes the shape of the airbag in the visualization according to the pressure of the airbag, and the airbag becomes empty. ⁇ status.
- FIG. 5 shows the end of the test, which conforms to the preset evaluation criteria, and the data processing module changes the shape of the airbag in the visualization according to the evaluation result, so that the airbag in the graphic appears in a filled state, and the airway shape is not abnormal, indicating The air bag leak test passed, indicating that the tube can be removed.
- FIG. 6 shows the end of the test, which does not meet the preset evaluation criteria.
- the data processing module changes the shape of the airbag and the airway in the visualization according to the evaluation result, so that the airway in the graphic locally changes its shape, and the airbag appears.
- the open state indicates that the airbag leak test failed, the airway is narrow, indicating that the air can not be removed.
- the text information is displayed in the vicinity of the visualization graph to prompt the evaluation result.
- the data processing module changes the shape of the airbag in the visualization according to the detection result, so that the airbag in the graphic presents a leaking state, for example, the graph shown in FIG. 7, indicating that the airbag is broken.
- the evaluation process of comparing the respiratory parameters detected after the balloon is completely deflated is used as the evaluation standard, and includes the following steps:
- Step 41 Start the airway state evaluation process based on the instruction of the medical staff.
- the charging and deflating module is controlled to maintain the airbag at a predetermined pressure, and the medical staff can start the automatic evaluation process on the human-computer interaction interface of the display module, and can also preset the tidal volume, the number of ventilation cycles, and the like. parameter.
- Step 42 Control the charge and discharge module to completely deflate the air bag.
- Step 43 Record the inspiratory tidal volume and expiratory tidal volume after deflation, and simultaneously control the breathing module to provide mechanical ventilation to the patient with a preset tidal volume.
- the respiratory monitoring module is a flow sensor
- the flow sensor actually monitors the patient's respiratory flow rate
- the data processing module can calculate the inspiratory tidal volume and the expiratory tidal volume based on the respiratory flow rate.
- the inspiratory parameter and the expiratory parameter are measurements of one respiratory cycle or an average of multiple respiratory cycle measurements.
- Step 44 Control the charging and discharging module to inflat the airbag to a preset pressure.
- Step 45 Comparing the inspiratory tidal volume and the expiratory tidal volume after deflation.
- the result of the comparison can be the inspiratory tidal volume The difference, ratio or percentage of the tidal volume.
- Step 46 Comparing the comparison result with the preset criterion, obtaining an evaluation result of the degree of airway patency, and outputting the evaluation result.
- the tidal volume can also be replaced with any one of the respiratory flow rate, the airway pressure, the carbon dioxide content, and the chemical indicator content, and the airway state of the patient can be evaluated by the above evaluation procedure.
- the inflation and deflation of the airbag is realized by a fully automatic control method, and the monitoring of the breathing parameters can also be automatically performed, and the evaluation result can also be automatically calculated.
- the evaluation results are displayed on the human-computer interaction interface in a visual graphical representation, which is more convenient for medical personnel to observe.
- Embodiment 2 [0135]
- This embodiment differs from the first embodiment in that the air-filling and discharging of the airbag adopts a semi-automatic manner.
- the charging and discharging module is not connected to the charging and discharging control module, the charging and discharging module is manually inflated and deflated, and the charging and discharging control module is electrically connected with the signal output end of the pressure sensor, after the medical personnel initiates the airway state evaluation process, when needed
- the charging and discharging control module outputs a prompt message for deflation of the air bag, and the medical staff vents the air bag by manually operating the charging and discharging air module (for example, a syringe, a proportional valve or a suction valve).
- the charging and discharging control module After the detection of the breathing parameters, the charging and discharging control module outputs a prompt message for inflating the airbag, and the medical staff inflates the airbag by manually operating the charging and discharging module, and the pressure sensor detects the pressure of the airbag and feeds back to the charging and discharging control module.
- the charging and discharging control module When the airbag is inflated to a preset pressure, the charging and discharging control module outputs a prompt message for stopping the inflation.
- the airway state evaluation device in the first embodiment and the second embodiment can be manufactured as a separate product, and the human-machine information exchange is realized on the display module thereof.
- the airway state evaluation device can be combined with the ventilator.
- Embodiment 3 [0139]
- the ventilator includes a breathing circuit 24, a Y-shaped member 25, a breathing module 511, and a display module 513.
- the breathing module 511 is coupled to the breathing circuit 24, and the inspiratory circuit and the expiratory circuit of the breathing circuit 24 are in communication with the first and second ends of the Y-shaped member 25, respectively.
- the airway state evaluation device includes three units, and the first unit 54 includes a respiratory monitoring module 541, a connection connector 542, and a data processing module 543, and the respiratory monitoring module 541 is disposed in the connection connector 542.
- connection joint 542 is coupled between the third end of the Y-shaped member 25 and the exposed end 201 of the catheter 20 such that the respiratory monitoring module 541 is in communication with the breathing circuit 24 to monitor patient breathing parameters.
- the second unit 52 includes a charging and discharging module 521, a charging and discharging control module 522, and a pressure sensor 523, which are the same as the first embodiment and will not be described in detail herein.
- the third unit is a connection module 53 for signal connection with the ventilator 51.
- the connection module 53 can be a wireless communication module that performs data interaction with the ventilator by wireless communication.
- connection module 53 can also be a connector for electrical contact through a conductor
- the airway state evaluation device can be designed as a plug-in module, and the plug-in module is electrically connected to the breath through a point contact or a pin-type connector. In order to receive instructions from the ventilator and/or upload detection or calculation data to the ventilator.
- the evaluation result obtained by the data processing module 543 and the graphic data showing the visualization pattern of the tracheal intubation inserted into the pharynx of the patient can be output to the ventilator, and displayed on the display module 531 of the ventilator, thereby making the airway state evaluation device
- the display module is shared with the ventilator.
- Embodiment 4 is a diagrammatic representation of Embodiment 4:
- the airway state evaluation device does not include the respiratory monitoring module and the connection joint, and directly uses the respiratory monitoring module in the ventilator to use the airway state evaluation device as the ventilator. Part or a plug-in module.
- the catheter 20 of the endotracheal tube is inserted into the airway 21 of the patient under normal working conditions, and the air bag 22 is fixed to the outside of one end of the catheter 20 that protrudes into the air passage 21, and the end of the inflation tube 23 It communicates with the inside of the air bag 22, and one end is exposed to the outside to communicate with the air source.
- the exposed end 201 of the catheter 20 is connected to the breathing circuit of the ventilator 24
- the ventilator 60 includes a breathing circuit 24, a breathing module 611, a main control module 612, a display module 613, a respiratory monitoring module 641, and an airway state evaluation device.
- the airway state evaluation device includes a data processing module 643, a charge and discharge module. 621.
- breathing circuit 24, breathing module 611, respiratory monitoring module 641, data processing module 643, charging and discharging mode The block 621, the charging and discharging control module 622 and the pressure sensor 623 are the same as the above embodiment, and are not described herein again.
- the main control module 612 is used for operational control and data processing of the ventilator (eg, calculation and processing of breathing parameters).
- the main control module 612 is electrically connected to the breathing module 611, and the main control module 612 controls the opening and closing of the inhalation valve and the exhalation valve based on the user's instruction or default setting, thereby passing through the breathing tube 24 and
- the catheter 20 outputs a specific airflow to the patient's lungs and maintains airway pressure and tidal volume at a particular level to achieve mechanical ventilation of the patient.
- the main control module 612 is electrically connected to the display module 613, outputs display data to the display module 613, and receives an operation instruction from the display module.
- the main control module 612 is also electrically connected to the data processing module 643 and the charging and discharging control module 622, respectively.
- the module 643 receives the evaluation result and other data, and outputs a charging and discharging command to the charging and discharging control module 622.
- the charging and discharging control module 622 controls the operation of the charging and discharging module 621 according to the charging and discharging command.
- the data processing module 643, the charging and discharging module 621, the charging and discharging control module 622, and the pressure sensor 623 can be made into an independent airway state evaluation device plug-in module, and the airway state evaluation is left on the ventilator.
- the plug-in module is matched with the plug interface.
- the plug-in module is inserted into the ventilator, and the first interface 6212 of the charge and discharge module 621 and the exposed end of the inflation tube 23 are The second interface 231 is connected, and the airway state evaluation device plug-in module can be detached from the ventilator without using ⁇ .
- the data processing module 643 can be integrated with the main control module 612 as a module.
- the independent airway state evaluation device plug-in module includes a charging and discharging module 621, and a charging and discharging control. Module 622 and pressure sensor 623.
- the charging and discharging control module 622 and the main control module 61 2 may also be integrated into one module.
- the independent airway state evaluation device plug-in module only includes the charging and discharging module 621 and the pressure. Sensor 623.
- Embodiment 5 is a diagrammatic representation of Embodiment 5:
- the airway state evaluation device described above may also be integrated with an endotracheal tube to form a tracheal intubation device.
- Embodiment 6 is a diagrammatic representation of Embodiment 6
- an airway state evaluation method including: [0157] receiving an airway state evaluation instruction of the user;
- the airway state evaluation prompt is output according to the comparison result.
- the airbag is in an inflated state, the airbag is maintained at a predetermined pressure, and the airbag is in a deflated state, the airbag is completely deflated;
- the exhalation parameters are tidal volume, respiratory flow rate, airway pressure, carbon dioxide content, and chemical indication Any one of the agent contents;
- the method for measuring the value of the expiratory parameter is also as described above;
- the method for obtaining the airway state by comparing the values of the exhalation parameters measured under the state of charge and deflation is as described above, Let me repeat.
- Embodiment 7 is a diagrammatic representation of Embodiment 7:
- an airway state evaluation method including:
- the airway state evaluation prompt is output according to the comparison result.
- the airbag is in a deflated state, the airbag is completely deflated;
- the exhalation parameter and the inhalation parameter are any one of tidal volume, respiratory flow rate, airway pressure, carbon dioxide content, and chemical indicator content;
- the method of measuring the value of the value and the value of the expiratory parameter is also as described above; the method of obtaining the airway state by comparing the value of the measured inhalation parameter with the value of the expiratory parameter is as described above, and will not be described again.
- Embodiment 8 is a diagrammatic representation of Embodiment 8
- an airway state evaluation apparatus including:
- a receiving module configured to receive an airway state evaluation command of the user, and output an evaluation trigger command
- a breathing parameter detecting module is connected to the interface module, and after receiving the evaluation triggering command, measuring the patient's exhalation parameter in the air intubation state of the gas cannula;
- a breathing parameter comparison module connected to the breathing parameter detecting module, comparing the values of the expiratory parameters measured respectively in the charging and deflation states;
- the evaluation module is connected to the breathing parameter comparison module, and prompts to output an airway state evaluation prompt according to the comparison result.
- the airbag is in an inflated state, the airbag is maintained at a predetermined pressure, and the airbag is in a deflated state, the airbag is completely deflated;
- the exhalation parameters are tidal volume, respiratory flow rate, airway pressure, carbon dioxide content, and chemical indication Any one of the agent contents;
- the method for measuring the value of the expiratory parameter is also as described above;
- the method for obtaining the airway state by comparing the values of the exhalation parameters measured under the state of charge and deflation is as described above, Let me repeat.
- an airway state evaluation apparatus including:
- a receiving module configured to receive an airway state evaluation command of the user, and output an evaluation trigger command
- a breathing parameter detecting module connected to the interface module, and measuring the value of the patient inhalation parameter and the value of the expiratory parameter when the air bag of the gas cannula is in a deflated state after receiving the evaluation trigger command;
- a breathing parameter comparison module connected to the breathing parameter detecting module, comparing the measured value of the inhalation parameter with the value of the expiratory parameter;
- the evaluation module is connected to the breathing parameter comparison module, and prompts to output an airway state evaluation prompt according to the comparison result.
- the airbag is in a deflated state, the airbag is completely deflated;
- the exhalation parameter and the inhalation parameter are any one of tidal volume, respiratory flow rate, airway pressure, carbon dioxide content, and chemical indicator content;
- the method of measuring the value of the value and the value of the expiratory parameter is also as described above; the method of obtaining the airway state by comparing the value of the measured inhalation parameter with the value of the expiratory parameter is as described above, and will not be described again.
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Abstract
一种气道(21)状态评价装置及其评价方法。该装置包括呼吸监测模块(141)、数据处理模块(143)、充放气模块(121)和充放控制模块(122)。数据处理模块(143)与呼吸监测模块(141)电连接,在气囊(22)符合评价状态时从呼吸监测模块(141)采集患者的呼吸参数,根据呼吸参数评价患者的气道(21)状态。充放控制模块(122)与充放气模块(121)连接,控制充放气模块(121)对气囊(22)进行充气和放气,使气囊(22)符合评价状态。该装置能对患者气道(21)状态进行自动评价。
Description
一种气道状态评价装置、 方法及呼吸机
技术领域
[0001] 本发明涉及一种医疗器械, 具体涉及一种用于气管插管的气道状态评价装置、 方法及一种包括该气道状态评价装置的呼吸机。
[0002]
[0003] 背景技术
[0004] 气管插管是指将一特制的气管内导管经鼻或口腔插入鼻咽或口咽部, 从而在患 者气管内所建立的气体通道, 气管插管术是急救工作中常用的重要抢救技术, 是保证气道通畅的有效手段。
[0005] 常规的气管插管包括导管、 可充放气的气囊和充气管, 导管用于插入患者气管 内, 使用吋, 导管的内插端伸入到患者气管内, 外露端连接呼吸机的呼吸管路 , 气囊固定在伸入到气管内的导管的一端的外面, 能够起到固定插管、 封闭气 管、 防止误吸的作用, 充气管通常是一根细长的软管, 一端与气囊内部连通, 一端露在外面, 与充气袋或针筒连通。 操作者通过操作充气袋或针筒, 可向气 囊内部充气。
[0006] 因为气管插管插入容易, 适用于急救场合, 又因其相对管腔大, 吸痰容易, 所 以在临床上较多用。 但是由气管插管建立人工气道, 在一定程度上损伤和破坏 了机体正常的生理功能, 例如当气囊压力过高吋, 容易造成患者气管黏膜供血 不足而导致气道损伤, 而且长期建立人工气道也易造成患者气管狭窄, 因此医 护人员在对患者撤机拔管前需评价患者的气道状态, 视其通畅程度决定是否拔 管, 否则将导致再插管困难, 甚至危及患者生命。 目前最新的人工气道气囊管 理指南中也建议, 插管拔出前应该执行气囊漏气试验评价气道通畅程度。
[0007] 目前, 临床应用中, 医护人员是根据经验去评价气道状态, 期间涉及插管气囊 操作、 呼吸机设置、 病人状态观察等, 操作复杂, 评价正确率低。
[0008]
[0009] 发明内容
[0010] 根据第一方面, 一种实施例中提供一种气道状态评价装置,包括:
[0011] 呼吸监测模块, 用于监测患者的呼吸参数;
[0012] 充放气模块, 所述充放气模块包括用于与气管插管的充气管连接的接口, 通过 充气管向气管插管的气囊充气或将气囊放气;
[0013] 充放控制模块, 其与充放气模块连接, 用于控制充放气模块对气囊进行充气和 放气, 以使气囊符合评价状态;
[0014] 数据处理模块, 其与呼吸监测模块电连接, 用于在气囊符合评价状态吋从呼吸 监测模块采集患者的呼吸参数, 根据呼吸参数评价患者的气道状态。
[0015] 根据第二方面, 一种实施例中提供一种气道状态评价装置,包括:
[0016] 呼吸监测模块, 用于监测患者的呼吸参数;
[0017] 充放气模块, 所述充放气模块包括用于与气管插管的充气管连接的接口, 通过 充气管向气管插管的气囊充气或将气囊放气;
[0018] 压力传感器, 所述压力传感器用于与气囊连通, 以测量气囊的压力;
[0019] 充放控制模块, 其与压力传感器的信号输出端电连接, 在启动气道状态评价流 程后, 输出对气囊进行充气或放气的命令或提示信息, 根据气囊的压力确定气 囊是否符合评价状态;
[0020] 数据处理模块, 其与呼吸监测模块电连接, 用于在气囊符合评价状态吋从呼吸 监测模块采集患者的呼吸参数, 根据呼吸参数评价患者的气道状态。
[0021] 根据第三方面, 一种实施例中提供一种气道状态评价装置,包括:
[0022] 充放气模块, 所述充放气模块包括用于与气管插管的充气管连接的接口, 通过 充气管向气管插管的气囊充气或将气囊放气;
[0023] 压力传感器, 所述压力传感器用于与气囊连通, 以测量气囊的压力;
[0024] 连接模块, 其用于与呼吸机信号连接;
[0025] 充放控制模块, 其分别与充放气模块和压力传感器的信号输出端电连接, 用于 控制充放气模块对气囊进行充气和放气, 或输出对气囊进行充气或放气的提示 信息, 以使气囊充气到预定压力或完全放气, 所述充放控制模块还与连接模块 电连接, 通过连接模块与呼吸机进行通信, 从呼吸机接收充放气指令和 /或向呼 吸机反馈气囊压力。
[0026] 根据第四方面, 一种实施例中提供一种呼吸机,包括:
[0027] 呼吸管路, 所述呼吸管路用于与气管插管的导管外露端连通, 用于提供患者吸 入和呼出气体的通道;
[0028] 呼吸模块, 用于向患者提供机械通气, 所述呼吸模块与呼吸管路连接;
[0029] 上述任一个气道状态评价装置, 所述呼吸监测模块设置与呼吸管路连接, 用于 监测患者的呼吸参数。
[0030] 根据第五方面, 一种实施例中提供一种气道状态评价方法,采用上述的气道状态 评价装置对患者的气道状态进行评价, 所述方法包括:
[0031] 在气管插管处于正常通气模式吋控制充放气模块维持气囊处于预定压力; [0032] 基于用户的指令启动气道状态评价流程;
[0033] 控制呼吸模块以预设潮气量向患者提供机械通气;
[0034] 从呼吸监测模块获取气囊在预定压力吋患者呼气的第一呼吸参数, 所述第一呼 吸参数为一个呼吸周期的测量值或多个呼吸周期测量值的平均值;
[0035] 控制充放气模块将气囊完全放气;
[0036] 从呼吸监测模块获取气囊完全放气后患者呼气的第二呼吸参数, 所述第二呼吸 参数为一个呼吸周期的测量值或多个呼吸周期测量值的平均值;
[0037] 根据第一和第二呼吸参数评价气道状态, 并输出评价结果。
[0038] 根据第六方面, 一种实施例中提供一种气道状态评价方法,采用上述的气道状态 评价装置对患者的气道状态进行评价, 所述方法包括:
[0039] 在气管插管处于正常通气模式吋控制充放气模块维持气囊处于预定压力;
[0040] 基于用户的指令启动气道状态评价流程;
[0041] 控制充放气模块将气囊完全放气;
[0042] 从呼吸监测模块获取气囊完全放气后患者吸气参数和呼气参数, 所述吸气参数 和呼气参数为一个呼吸周期的测量值或多个呼吸周期测量值的平均值;
[0043] 根据吸气参数和呼气参数评价气道状态, 并输出评价结果。
[0044] 根据第七方面, 一种实施例中提供一种气道状态评价装置,包括:
[0045] 用于在气管插管处于正常通气模式吋控制充放气模块维持气囊处于预定压力的 单元;
[0046] 用于基于用户的指令启动气道状态评价流程的单元;
[0047] 用于控制呼吸模块以预设潮气量向患者提供机械通气的单元;
[0048] 用于从呼吸监测模块获取气囊在预定压力吋患者呼气的第一呼吸参数的单元, 所述第一呼吸参数为一个呼吸周期的测量值或多个呼吸周期测量值的平均值; [0049] 用于控制充放气模块将气囊完全放气的单元;
[0050] 用于从呼吸监测模块获取气囊完全放气后患者呼气的第二呼吸参数的单元, 所 述第二呼吸参数为一个呼吸周期的测量值或多个呼吸周期测量值的平均值; [0051] 用于根据第一和第二呼吸参数评价气道状态, 并输出评价结果的单元。
[0052] 根据第八方面, 一种实施例中提供一种气道状态评价装置,包括:
[0053] 用于在气管插管处于正常通气模式吋控制充放气模块维持气囊处于预定压力的 单元;
[0054] 用于基于用户的指令启动气道状态评价流程的单元;
[0055] 用于控制充放气模块将气囊完全放气的单元;
[0056] 用于从呼吸监测模块获取气囊完全放气后患者吸气参数和呼气参数的单元, 所 述吸气参数和呼气参数为一个呼吸周期的测量值或多个呼吸周期测量值的平均 值;
[0057] 用于根据吸气参数和呼气参数评价气道状态, 并输出评价结果的单元。
[0058] 根据第九方面, 一种实施例中提供一种气管插管设备,包括:
[0059] 气管插管, 其包括导管、 气囊和充气管, 气囊环绕在导管的一端的外面, 充气 管一端与气囊内部连通, 另一端用于输入气体;
[0060] 上述的气道状态评价装置, 充放气模块的接口用于与充气管的另一端连接。
[0061] 根据第十方面, 一种实施例中提供一种气道状态评价方法, 包括:
[0062] 接收用户的气道状态评价指令;
[0063] 测量气体插管的气囊分别处于充、 放气状态下患者呼气参数;
[0064] 比较充、 放气状态下分别测得的呼气参数的值;
[0065] 根据比较结果输出气道状态评价提示。
[0066] 根据第十一方面, 一种实施例中提供一种气道状态评价方法, 包括:
[0067] 接收用户的气道状态评价指令;
[0068] 测量气体插管的气囊处于放气状态下患者吸气参数的值和呼气参数的值; [0069] 比较测得的吸气参数的值和呼气参数的值;
[0070] 根据比较结果输出气道状态评价提示。
[0071] 根据第十二方面, 一种实施例中提供一种气道状态评价装置, 其特征在于, 所 述装置包括:
[0072] 接收模块, 用于接收用户的气道状态评价指令, 输出评价触发命令;
[0073] 呼吸参数检测模块, 与所述接口模块连接, 在接收到所述评价触发命令后测量 气体插管的气囊分别处于充、 放气状态下患者呼气参数;
[0074] 呼吸参数比较模块, 与所述呼吸参数检测模块连接, 比较充、 放气状态下分别 测得的呼气参数的值;
[0075] 评价模块, 与所述呼吸参数比较模块连接, 提示根据比较结果输出气道状态评 价提示。
[0076] 根据第十三方面, 一种实施例中提供一种气道状态评价装置, 其特征在于, 所 述装置包括:
[0077] 接收模块, 用于接收用户的气道状态评价指令, 输出评价触发命令;
[0078] 呼吸参数检测模块, 与所述接口模块连接, 在接收到所述评价触发命令后测量 气体插管的气囊处于放气状态下患者吸气参数的值和呼气参数的值;
[0079] 呼吸参数比较模块, 与所述呼吸参数检测模块连接, 比较测得的吸气参数的值 和呼气参数的值;
[0080] 评价模块, 与所述呼吸参数比较模块连接, 提示根据比较结果输出气道状态评 价提示。
[0081]
[0082] 附图说明
[0083] 图 1为实施例一的结构示意图;
[0084] 图 2为采用气囊放气前后检测的呼吸参数进行气道状态评价的流程示意图; [0085] 图 3为显示界面上第一阶段气囊充气期间的示意图;
[0086] 图 4为显示界面上第二阶段气囊放气期间的示意图;
[0087] 图 5为显示界面上符合预设的评价准则的示意图;
[0088] 图 6为显示界面上不符合预设的评价准则的示意图;
[0089] 图 7为显示界面上气囊呈现出漏气状态的示意图;
[0090] 图 8为采用气囊放气后检测的呼吸参数进行气道状态评价的流程示意图;
[0091] 图 9为实施例三的结构示意图;
[0092] 图 10为实施例四的结构示意图。
[0093]
[0094] 具体实施方式
[0095] 实施例一:
[0096] 请参考图 1, 气管插管的导管 20在正常工作状态下插入患者的气道 21, 气囊 22 固定在伸入到气道 21内的导管 20的一端的外面, 充气管 23—端与气囊 22内部连 通, 一端露在外面, 与充放气模块连通。 导管 20的外露端 201连接呼吸机的呼吸 管路 24。 在优选的具体实例中, 呼吸管路 24包括吸气回路 24a和呼气回路 24b, 这 种情况下, 吸气回路 24a和呼气回路 24b分别通过 Y型件 25连接气管插管的导管外 露端 201。
[0097] 在对患者撤机拔管前需评价患者的气道状态, 本实施例中, 气道状态评价装置 包括三个单元, 第一单元 14包括呼吸模块 142、 呼吸监测模块 141和数据处理模 块 143, 第二单元 12包括充放气模块 121和充放控制模块 122, 在优选的实施例中 , 第二单元 12还包括压力传感器 123, 第三单元为评价结果输出单元 13。
[0098] 呼吸模块 142与呼吸管路 24连通, 用于向患者提供机械通气, 具体实施例中, 呼吸模块 142包括吸气阀 142a和呼气阀 142b, 吸气阀 142a和呼气阀 142b通过幵关 以及幵度, 控制流过呼吸管路 24的气流, 从而通过呼吸管路 24和导管 20输出特 定气流至患者肺部, 并且维持气道压力和潮气量在特定水平上, 实现患者的机 械通气。
[0099] 呼吸监测模块 141用于监测患者的呼吸参数, 在具体实施例中, 呼吸监测模块 1 41可以监测患者的潮气量、 呼吸流速、 气道压力、 二氧化碳含量和化学指示剂 含量等呼吸参数, 本实施例中, 呼吸监测模块 141包括流量传感器, 可以监测患 者的呼吸流速, 并将呼吸流速输出给数据处理模块 143。 呼吸监测模块 141可以 与呼吸管路 24连通。 例如, 当导管 20的外露端 201通过 Y型件 25连接呼吸机的呼
吸管路 24吋, 呼吸监测模块 141可以设置在 Y型件 25的通道内, 当呼吸监测模块 1 41需要分别监测呼气相和吸气相的呼吸参数吋, 呼吸监测模块 141可以分别与呼 吸管路 24的吸气回路 24a和呼气回路 24b连通。
[0100] 数据处理模块 143与呼吸监测模块 141电连接, 用于在气囊符合评价状态吋从呼 吸监测模块 141采集患者的呼吸参数, 根据呼吸参数评价患者的气道状态。
[0101] 充放气模块 121通过充气管 23向气管插管的气囊 22中充气或将气囊 22放气, 充 放气模块 121包括气泵 1211和第一接口 1212, 第一接口 1212可通过连接管 1213和 气泵 1211的气体输入输出口连通。 相应的, 气囊充气管 23的外露端包括第二接 口 231, 第二接口 231可与第一接口 1212配合, 实现气密性连接。 当第二接口 231 与第一接口 1212连接后, 从气泵 1211, 经连接管 1213、 第一接口 1212、 第二接 口 231、 充气管 23到气囊 22构成气体通路。 在具体实施例中, 气泵 1211可以更换 为针筒、 比例阀或抽气阀, 将针筒、 比例阀或抽气阀的动力部件与充放控制模 块 122电连接, 气体输入输出口通过连接管 1213与第一接口 1212连通。
[0102] 本实施例中, 充放控制模块 122与充放气模块 121连接, 用于控制充放气模块 12 1对气囊进行充气和放气, 以使气囊符合评价状态。 不同的评价标准, 所要求的 气囊评价状态不同, 有的评价标准是将气囊放气前后检测的呼吸参数进行比较 判断, 因此, 其要求的气囊评价状态是指放气之前气囊被充气到预定压力吋的 状态和气囊被完全放气吋的状态; 而有的评价标准是将气囊放气后吸气相和呼 气相的呼吸参数进行比较判断, 因此, 其要求的气囊评价状态是指气囊被完全 放气吋的状态。 本实施例中, 充放控制模块 122与充放气模块 121的连接方式可 以是电连接, 也可以是机械或气路连接。 本实施例中, 充放气模块 121采用气泵 方式, 充放控制模块 122与气泵电连接, 控制气泵的启动和转向, 从而实现对气 囊的充气和放气。
[0103] 压力传感器 123设置在充放气模块 121上, 用于当充放气模块 121和充气管 23连 通后测量气囊 22的压力, 例如, 通过安装孔将压力传感器 123安装在气泵的气体 输入输出口, 或安装在连接管 1213上, 或安装在第一接口 1212上, 使得压力传 感器 123能够与气囊 22的气体流道连通。 压力传感器 123的信号输出端电连接到 充放控制模块 122, 将气囊 22的压力反馈到充放控制模块 122。 压力传感器 123用
于检测气囊的压力, 其设置在充放气模块上只是一种举例, 本领域技术人员应 当理解, 压力传感器还可以有其他的安装方式, 只要在使用吋能够与气囊连通 即可。
[0104] 数据处理模块 143得出的评价结果可以通过评价结果输出单元 13输出, 输出方 式可以是声、 光、 文字或图像的方式。 在较好的实施例中, 评价结果输出单元 1 3包括显示模块 131, 数据处理模块 143得出的评价结果通过显示模块 131以图像 的方式显示出来。 另一方面, 显示模块 131还可以接收用户输入的参数和指令, 呼吸模块 142根据用户输入的参数提供预设的机械通气, 充放控制模块 122基于 用户输入的指令控制充放气模块 121对气囊 22充气或放气。 进一步的, 充放控制 模块 122还可以将检测的气囊的压力通过显示模块 131显示在出来。
[0105] 下面分别说明两种评价标准的起到状态评价过程, 在具体说明吋, 以潮气量为 呼吸参数为例, 本领域技术人员应当理解, 在其它的实施例中, 用以评价气道 状态的呼吸参数也可以是其它参数, 例如呼吸流速、 气道压力、 二氧化碳含量 和化学指示剂含量等。
[0106] 如图 2所示是采用气囊放气前后检测的潮气量进行比较判断为评价标准的评价 流程, 包括以下步骤:
[0107] 步骤 31, 启动气道状态评价流程。 在气管插管处于正常通气模式吋充放控制模 块控制充放气模块维持气囊处于预定压力, 当需要对气道状态进行评价吋, 用 户 (例如医护人员) 可通过显示模块或其它触发模块输入启动气道状态评价流 程的指令, 启动气道状态自动评价流程。 启动气道状态自动评价流程后, 医护 人员可在界面上输入通气潮气量和供测量的呼吸周期数, 也可以采用默认的潮 气量和周期数。
[0108] 步骤 32, 控制呼吸模块以预设潮气量向患者提供机械通气, 记录放气前呼气潮 气量。 此吋气囊处于预定压力下, 符合评价状态, 当呼吸监测模块为流量传感 器吋, 流量传感器可以实吋监测患者的呼吸流速, 数据处理模块根据呼吸流速 可计算出呼气潮气量并保存呼气潮气量作为第一呼吸参数, 放气前呼气潮气量 可以为一个呼吸周期的测量值或多个呼吸周期测量值的平均值, 每个呼吸周期 包括一个吸气相和一个呼气相。
[0109] 步骤 33, 控制充放气模块将气囊完全放气。 待呼气潮气量记录完毕, 充放控制 模块控制充放气模块对气囊进行放气, 压力传感器可实吋监测气囊中的压力, 并将气囊中的压力反馈到充放控制模块, 当气囊中的压力低于一定值 (即气囊 被完全放气) 吋, 充放控制模块控制充放气模块停止放气。 此吋气囊处于完全 放气状态下, 符合评价状态。
[0110] 步骤 34, 记录放气后呼气潮气量。 从呼吸监测模块获取气囊完全放气后患者的 呼气流速, 数据处理模块根据呼吸流速可计算出呼气潮气量, 并保存该呼气潮 气量作为第二呼吸参数, 放气后呼气潮气量也可以是一个呼吸周期的测量值或 多个呼吸周期测量值的平均值。
[0111] 步骤 35, 控制充放气模块将气囊充气到预设压力。 采集完潮气量后, 将气囊充 气到预设压力, 以使患者处于正常通气模式。
[0112] 步骤 36, 比较放气前后的呼气潮气量。 比较结果可以是放气前后的呼气潮气量 的差值、 比值或百分比等。
[0113] 步骤 37, 将比较结果和预设准则进行比较, 得出气道通畅程度的评价结果, 并 输出评价结果。
[0114] 评价过程和评价结果可通过显示模块以可视化的方式显示出来, 例如, 数据处 理模块生成用于显示气管插管插入患者咽部的可视化图形的图形数据, 并输出 到显示模块, 如图 3-6所示的显示界面, 其中包括:
[0115] 1.评价流程所采用的通气参数和评价准则, 该通气参数和评价准则在启动评价 流程之前设定, 通气参数例如包括潮气量 TV、 周期数 Cycle等, 评价准则主要以
ΔΤΎ和
ΔΤν%表示。 例如图 3所示, 设定潮气量 TV为 500ml, 周期数 Cycle为 5, ΔΤΎ为 1 10ml, ATW。为 10<¾。
[0116] 2.评价过程中的参数及图像显示, 例如通气波形的显示、 关键参数的趋势, 气 囊压力的状态图像。
[0117] 3.最终的评价结果, 评价结果可以图像和 /或文字的方式显示。
[0118] 图 3显示的是第一阶段, 气囊充气期间测量若干周期潮气量, 此吋图形中的气 囊呈现出充盈状态。
[0119] 图 4显示的是第二阶段, 气囊放气期间测量若干周期潮气量, 此吋, 气囊被完 全放气, 数据处理模块根据气囊的压力改变可视化图形中气囊的形态, 气囊变 为空瘪状态。
[0120] 图 5显示的是测试结束, 符合预设的评价准则, 数据处理模块根据评价结果改 变可视化图形中气囊的形态, 使图形中的气囊呈现出充盈状态, 且气道形状无 异常, 表示气囊漏气试验通过, 预示可拔管。
[0121] 图 6显示的是测试结束, 不符合预设的评价准则, 数据处理模块根据评价结果 改变可视化图形中气囊和气道的形态, 使图形中的气道局部出现形态改变, 且 气囊呈现出空瘪状态, 表示气囊漏气试验失败, 气道狭窄, 预示不可拔管。
[0122] 本实施例中, 还同吋在可视化图形附近显示文字信息来提示评价结果。
[0123] 在其它的实施例中, 也可以采用不同的气道形态或气囊和气道的位置关系来表 示不同的气道评价结果。
[0124] 当气囊破损吋, 数据处理模块根据检测结果改变可视化图形中气囊的形态, 使 图形中的气囊呈现出漏气状态, 例如图 7所示的图形, 表示气囊破损。
[0125] 如图 8所示是采用气囊完全放气后检测的呼吸参数进行比较判断为评价标准的 评价流程, 包括以下步骤:
[0126] 步骤 41, 基于医护人员的指令启动气道状态评价流程。 在气管插管处于正常通 气模式吋控制充放气模块维持气囊处于预定压力, 医护人员通过在显示模块的 人机交互界面上, 启动自动化评价流程, 也可以预设潮气量、 通气周期数等设 置参数。
[0127] 步骤 42, 控制充放气模块将气囊完全放气。
[0128] 步骤 43, 记录放气后的吸气潮气量和呼气潮气量, 同吋控制呼吸模块以预设潮 气量向患者提供机械通气。 当呼吸监测模块为流量传感器吋, 流量传感器实吋 监测患者的呼吸流速, 数据处理模块根据呼吸流速可计算出吸气潮气量和呼气 潮气量。 吸气参数和呼气参数为一个呼吸周期的测量值或多个呼吸周期测量值 的平均值。
[0129] 步骤 44, 控制充放气模块将气囊充气到预设压力。
[0130] 步骤 45, 比较放气后的吸气潮气量和呼气潮气量。 比较结果可以是吸气潮气量
和呼气潮气量的差值、 比值或百分比等。
[0131] 步骤 46, 将比较结果和预设准则进行比较, 得出气道通畅程度的评价结果, 并 输出评价结果。
[0132] 本实施例中, 潮气量还可以替换成呼吸流速、 气道压力、 二氧化碳含量和化学 指示剂含量中的任一个, 通过上述评价流程同样可评价患者的气道状态。
[0133] 本实施例中, 当医护人员启动气道状态评价流程后, 气囊的充气和放气采用全 自动控制方式实现, 呼吸参数的监测也可自动进行, 评价结果也可自动计算得 出, 不需要医护人员去操作气囊和呼吸机, 也不需要医护人员根据对病人的观 察来评价气道状态, 从而实现了患者气道状态的自动评价。 在优选的评价结果 输出方式中, 评价结果采用可视化的图形表示方式显示在人机交互界面上, 更 加方便医护人员观察。
[0134]
[0135] 实施例二:
[0136] 本实施例与实施例一不同的是, 气囊的充放气采用半自动方式。 充放气模块不 与充放控制模块连接, 充放气模块是手动充气和放气, 充放控制模块与压力传 感器的信号输出端电连接, 在医护人员启动气道状态评价流程后, 当需要对气 囊放气吋, 充放控制模块输出对气囊放气的提示信息, 医护人员通过手动操作 充放气模块 (例如针筒、 比例阀或抽气阀, 对气囊进行放气。 当用于评价的呼 吸参数检测完后, 充放控制模块输出对气囊充气的提示信息, 医护人员通过手 动操作充放气模块, 对气囊进行充气, 压力传感器实吋检测气囊的压力, 并反 馈回充放控制模块, 当气囊充气达到预设压力吋, 充放控制模块输出停止充气 的提示信息。
[0137] 上述实施例一和二中的气道状态评价装置可制造成独立的产品, 在其显示模块 上实现人机信息交换, 在另外的实施例中, 气道状态评价装置可以和呼吸机共 用一些部件, 这将以举例的方式在下面实施例三和四阐述
[0138]
[0139] 实施例三:
[0140] 如图 9所示, 呼吸机包括呼吸管路 24、 Y型件 25、 呼吸模块 511和显示模块 513,
呼吸模块 511与呼吸管路 24相连, 呼吸管路 24的吸气回路和呼气回路分别与 Y型 件 25的第一、 第二端连通。 气道状态评价装置包括三个单元, 第一单元 54包括 呼吸监测模块 541、 连接接头 542和数据处理模块 543, 呼吸监测模块 541设置在 连接接头 542中。 使用吋, 将连接接头 542连接在 Y型件 25的第三端和导管 20的外 露端 201之间, 从而使得呼吸监测模块 541与呼吸管路 24连通, 可监测患者呼吸 参数。 第二单元 52包括充放气模块 521、 充放控制模块 522和压力传感器 523, 与 实施例一相同, 此处不再详述。 第三单元为连接模块 53, 连接模块 53用于与呼 吸机 51信号连接。 例如, 连接模块 53可以是一个无线通信模块, 通过无线通信 方式与呼吸机进行数据交互。 再例如, 连接模块 53也可以是一个通过导体进行 电接触的连接器, 可将气道状态评价装置设计成一个插接模块, 插接模块通过 点接触或插针式的连接器与呼吸机电连接, 以便从呼吸机接收指令和 /或向呼吸 机上传检测或计算数据。
[0141] 数据处理模块 543得到的评价结果和显示气管插管插入患者咽部的可视化图形 的图形数据可输出到呼吸机, 在呼吸机的显示模块 531上进行显示, 从而使得气 道状态评价装置与呼吸机共用显示模块。
[0142]
[0143] 实施例四:
[0144] 本实施例与实施例三的区别是, 气道状态评价装置不包括呼吸监测模块和连接 接头, 而直接利用呼吸机中的呼吸监测模块, 可将气道状态评价装置作为呼吸 机的一部分或一个插接模块。
[0145] 请参考图 10, 气管插管的导管 20在正常工作状态下插入患者的气道 21, 气囊 22 固定在伸入到气道 21内的导管 20的一端的外面, 充气管 23—端与气囊 22内部连 通, 一端露在外面, 与气源连通。 导管 20的外露端 201连接呼吸机的呼吸管路 24
[0146] 呼吸机 60包括呼吸管路 24、 呼吸模块 611、 主控模块 612、 显示模块 613、 呼吸 监测模块 641和气道状态评价装置, 气道状态评价装置包括数据处理模块 643、 充放气模块 621、 充放控制模块 622和压力传感器 623。
[0147] 呼吸管路 24、 呼吸模块 611、 呼吸监测模块 641、 数据处理模块 643、 充放气模
块 621、 充放控制模块 622和压力传感器 623与上述实施例相同, 在此不再赘述。
[0148] 主控模块 612用于呼吸机的工作控制和数据处理 (例如对呼吸参数进行计算和 处理) 。 本实施例中, 主控模块 612与呼吸模块 611电连接, 主控模块 612基于用 户的指令或默认设置控制吸气阀和呼气阀的幵关以及幵度, 从而通过呼吸管路 2 4和导管 20输出特定气流至患者肺部, 并且维持气道压力和潮气量在特定水平上 , 实现患者的机械通气。 主控模块 612与显示模块 613电连接, 向显示模块 613输 出显示数据, 及从显示模块接收操作指令, 主控模块 612还分别与数据处理模块 643和充放控制模块 622电连接, 从数据处理模块 643接收评价结果和其他数据, 向充放控制模块 622输出充放指令, 充放控制模块 622根据充放指令控制充放气 模块 621的动作。
[0149] 可以将数据处理模块 643、 充放气模块 621、 充放控制模块 622和压力传感器 623 制作成一个独立的气道状态评价装置插接模块, 在呼吸机上留有与该气道状态 评价装置插接模块相匹配的插接口, 当需要对患者的气道状态进行自动评价吋 , 将该插接模块插入呼吸机, 将充放气模块 621的第一接口 6212和充气管 23的外 露端的第二接口 231连接, 不使用吋, 可将气道状态评价装置插接模块从呼吸机 上拆卸下来。
[0150] 在有的实施例中, 数据处理模块 643可以与主控模块 612集成为一个模块, 这种 情况下, 独立的气道状态评价装置插接模块包括充放气模块 621、 充放控制模块 622和压力传感器 623。 在有的实施例中, 还可将充放控制模块 622与主控模块 61 2集成为一个模块, 这种情况下, 独立的气道状态评价装置插接模块只包括充放 气模块 621和压力传感器 623。
[0151]
[0152] 实施例五:
[0153] 在另一种实施例中, 上述的气道状态评价装置还可和气管插管集成在一起构成 气管插管设备。
[0154]
[0155] 实施例六:
[0156] 在另一种实施例中, 提供一种气道状态评价方法, 包括:
[0157] 接收用户的气道状态评价指令;
[0158] 测量气体插管的气囊分别处于充、 放气状态下患者呼气参数;
[0159] 比较充、 放气状态下分别测得的呼气参数的值;
[0160] 根据比较结果输出气道状态评价提示。
[0161] 这里, 气囊处于充气状态为所述气囊被维持于预定压力, 气囊处于放气状态为 气囊被完全放气; 呼气参数为潮气量、 呼吸流速、 气道压力、 二氧化碳含量和 化学指示剂含量中的任一个; 呼气参数的值的测量方法也如前所述; 通过比较 充、 放气状态下分别测得的呼气参数的值得到气道状态的方法如前所述, 不再 赘述。
[0162]
[0163] 实施例七:
[0164] 在另一种实施例中提供一种气道状态评价方法, 包括:
[0165] 接收用户的气道状态评价指令;
[0166] 测量气体插管的气囊处于放气状态下患者吸气参数的值和呼气参数的值; [0167] 比较测得的吸气参数的值和呼气参数的值;
[0168] 根据比较结果输出气道状态评价提示。
[0169] 这里, 气囊处于放气状态为气囊被完全放气; 呼气参数和吸气参数为潮气量、 呼吸流速、 气道压力、 二氧化碳含量和化学指示剂含量中的任一个; 吸气参数 的值和呼气参数的值的测量方法也如前所述; 通过比较测得的吸气参数的值和 呼气参数的值得到气道状态的方法如前所述, 不再赘述。
[0170]
[0171] 实施例八:
[0172] 在另一种实施例中, 提供一种气道状态评价装置, 包括:
[0173] 接收模块, 用于接收用户的气道状态评价指令, 输出评价触发命令;
[0174] 呼吸参数检测模块, 与接口模块连接, 在接收到所述评价触发命令后测量气体 插管的气囊分别处于充、 放气状态下患者呼气参数;
[0175] 呼吸参数比较模块, 与呼吸参数检测模块连接, 比较充、 放气状态下分别测得 的呼气参数的值;
[0176] 评价模块, 与呼吸参数比较模块连接, 提示根据比较结果输出气道状态评价提 示。
[0177] 这里, 气囊处于充气状态为所述气囊被维持于预定压力, 气囊处于放气状态为 气囊被完全放气; 呼气参数为潮气量、 呼吸流速、 气道压力、 二氧化碳含量和 化学指示剂含量中的任一个; 呼气参数的值的测量方法也如前所述; 通过比较 充、 放气状态下分别测得的呼气参数的值得到气道状态的方法如前所述, 不再 赘述。
[0178]
[0179] 实施例九:
[0180] 在另一种实施例中, 提供一种气道状态评价装置, 包括:
[0181] 接收模块, 用于接收用户的气道状态评价指令, 输出评价触发命令;
[0182] 呼吸参数检测模块, 与接口模块连接, 在接收到所述评价触发命令后测量气体 插管的气囊处于放气状态下患者吸气参数的值和呼气参数的值;
[0183] 呼吸参数比较模块, 与呼吸参数检测模块连接, 比较测得的吸气参数的值和呼 气参数的值;
[0184] 评价模块, 与呼吸参数比较模块连接, 提示根据比较结果输出气道状态评价提 示。
[0185] 这里, 气囊处于放气状态为气囊被完全放气; 呼气参数和吸气参数为潮气量、 呼吸流速、 气道压力、 二氧化碳含量和化学指示剂含量中的任一个; 吸气参数 的值和呼气参数的值的测量方法也如前所述; 通过比较测得的吸气参数的值和 呼气参数的值得到气道状态的方法如前所述, 不再赘述。
[0186]
[0187] 以上应用了具体个例对本发明进行阐述, 只是用于帮助理解本发明, 并不用以 限制本发明。 对于本领域的一般技术人员, 依据本发明的思想, 可以对上述具 体实施方式进行变化。
技术问题
问题的解决方案
发明的有益效果
Claims
权利要求书
[权利要求 1] 一种气道状态评价装置,其特征在于包括:
呼吸监测模块, 用于监测患者的呼吸参数;
充放气模块, 所述充放气模块包括用于与气管插管的充气管连接的接 口, 通过充气管向气管插管的气囊充气或将气囊放气;
充放控制模块, 其与充放气模块连接, 用于控制充放气模块对气囊进 行充气和放气, 以使气囊符合评价状态;
数据处理模块, 其与呼吸监测模块电连接, 用于在气囊符合评价状态 吋从呼吸监测模块采集患者的呼吸参数, 根据呼吸参数评价患者的气 道状态。
[权利要求 2] 如权利要求 1所述的装置, 其特征在于, 还包括压力传感器, 所述压 力传感器用于与气囊连通, 以测量气囊的压力, 所述压力传感器的信 号输出端与充放控制模块电连接。
[权利要求 3] —种气道状态评价装置,其特征在于包括:
呼吸监测模块, 用于监测患者的呼吸参数;
充放气模块, 所述充放气模块包括用于与气管插管的充气管连接的接 口, 通过充气管向气管插管的气囊充气或将气囊放气;
压力传感器, 所述压力传感器用于与气囊连通, 以测量气囊的压力; 充放控制模块, 其与压力传感器的信号输出端电连接, 在启动气道状 态评价流程后, 输出对气囊进行充气或放气的命令或提示信息, 并且 根据气囊的压力确定气囊是否符合评价状态;
数据处理模块, 其与呼吸监测模块电连接, 用于在气囊符合评价状态 吋从呼吸监测模块采集患者的呼吸参数, 根据呼吸参数评价患者的气 道状态。
[权利要求 4] 如权利要求 1-3中任一项所述的装置, 其特征在于, 所述评价状态是 指放气之前气囊被维持于预定压力吋的状态和气囊被完全放气吋的状 态, 所述数据处理模块在启动气道状态评价流程后分别在两个评价状 态从呼吸监测模块采集呼吸参数的值, 所述呼吸参数的值为一个呼吸
周期的测量值或多个呼吸周期测量值的平均值。
如权利要求 1-3中任一项所述的装置, 其特征在于, 所述评价状态是 指气囊被完全放气吋的状态, 所述数据处理模块在启动气道状态评价 流程后从呼吸监测模块采集患者的呼吸参数的值, 所述呼吸参数包括 吸气参数和呼气参数, 根据采集到的吸气参数的值和呼气参数的值评 价气道状态, 所述吸气参数的值和呼气参数的值为一个呼吸周期的测 量值或多个呼吸周期测量值的平均值。
如权利要求 4或 5所述的装置, 其特征在于, 所述充放控制模块在气道 状态评价流程结束后控制充放气模块将气囊充气到预定压力。
如权利要求 1-3中任一项所述的装置, 其特征在于, 所述呼吸参数包 括潮气量、 呼吸流速、 气道压力、 二氧化碳含量和化学指示剂含量中 的任一个。
如权利要求 1-3中任一项所述的装置, 其特征在于, 所述充放气模块 包括充放气设备和第一接口, 充放气设备为气泵、 针筒、 比例阀或抽 气阀, 充放气设备的动力部件与充放控制模块电连接, 充放气设备的 气体输入输出口与第一接口连通, 第一接口用于与气囊的充气管连通
[权利要求 9] 如权利要求 1-3中任一项所述的装置, 其特征在于, 还包括与数据处 理模块连接的显示模块, 所述数据处理模块还生成用于显示气管插管 插入患者咽部的可视化图形的图形数据并输出到显示模块, 并根据不 同的气道状态评价结果改变所述图形数据, 以改变可视化图形中气囊 的形态、 气道形态以及气囊和气道的位置关系中的至少一个。
[权利要求 10] 如权利要求 9所述的装置, 其特征在于, 所述数据处理模块还根据评 价过程中气囊充放气的压力改变可视化图形中气囊的形态。
[权利要求 11] 如权利要求 9所述的装置, 其特征在于, 所述数据处理模块还在显示 模块上显示表示气道状态评价的通气设置参数、 评价准则、 表示气道 状态评价结果的文字信息、 评价过程中的通气监测参数、 通气波形、 通气趋势图中的至少一个。
如权利要求 1-3中任一项所述的装置, 其特征在于, 还包括连接接头 , 所述连接接头连接在气管插管的导管和呼吸管路之间, 所述呼吸监 测模块设置在连接接头中。
一种气道状态评价装置,其特征在于包括:
充放气模块, 所述充放气模块包括用于与气管插管的充气管连接的接 口, 通过充气管向气管插管的气囊充气或将气囊放气;
压力传感器, 所述压力传感器用于与气囊连通, 以测量气囊的压力; 连接模块, 其用于与呼吸机信号连接;
充放控制模块, 其分别与充放气模块和压力传感器的信号输出端连接 , 用于控制充放气模块对气囊进行充气和放气, 或输出对气囊进行充 气或放气的提示信息, 以使气囊充气到预定压力或完全放气, 所述充 放控制模块还与连接模块电连接, 通过连接模块与呼吸机进行通信, 从呼吸机接收充放气指令和 /或向呼吸机反馈气囊压力。
如权利要求 13所述的气道状态评价装置, 其特征在于, 所述充放控制 模块在气管插管处于正常通气模式吋控制充放气模块维持气囊处于预 定压力, 在启动气道状态评价流程后, 控制充放气模块将处于预定压 力的气囊完全放气, 并在气道状态评价流程结束后控制充放气模块将 气囊重新充气到预定压力。
如权利要求 13所述的气道状态评价装置, 其特征在于, 所述压力传感 器设置在充放气模块的接口处。
如权利要求 13所述的气道状态评价装置, 其特征在于, 所述充放气模 块包括充放气设备和第一接口, 充放气设备为气泵、 针筒、 比例阀或 抽气阀, 充放气设备的动力部件与充放控制模块电连接, 充放气设备 的气体输入输出口与第一接口连通, 第一接口用于与气囊的充气管连 通。
如权利要求 13所述的气道状态评价装置, 其特征在于, 所述连接模块 为无线通信模块或通过导体进行电接触的连接器。
一种呼吸机,其特征在于包括:
呼吸管路, 所述呼吸管路用于与气管插管的导管外露端连通, 用于提 供患者吸入和呼出气体的通道;
呼吸模块, 用于向患者提供机械通气, 所述呼吸模块与呼吸管路连接 如权利要求 1-12中任一项所述的气道状态评价装置, 所述呼吸监测模 块与呼吸管路连接, 用于监测患者的呼吸参数。
[权利要求 19] 一种呼吸机,其特征在于包括:
呼吸管路, 所述呼吸管路用于与气管插管的导管外露端连通, 用于提 供患者吸入和呼出气体的通道;
呼吸模块, 用于向患者提供机械通气, 所述呼吸模块与呼吸管路连接 呼吸监测模块, 用于监测患者的呼吸参数;
如权利要求 13-17中任一项所述的气道状态评价装置;
数据处理模块, 其与呼吸监测模块电连接, 用于在气囊符合评价状态 吋从呼吸监测模块采集患者的呼吸参数, 根据呼吸参数评价患者的气 道状态;
主控模块, 其分别与呼吸模块、 数据处理模块和充放控制模块电连接 , 从数据处理模块接收评价结果和向充放控制模块输出充放指令。
[权利要求 20] —种气道状态评价方法,采用如权利要求 1-17中任一项所述的气道状态 评价装置对患者的气道状态进行评价, 其特征在于, 所述方法包括: 在气管插管处于正常通气模式吋控制充放气模块维持气囊处于预定压 力;
基于用户的指令启动气道状态评价流程;
控制呼吸模块以预设潮气量向患者提供机械通气; 从呼吸监测模块获取气囊在预定压力吋患者的呼气参数的值, 所述呼 气参数的值为一个呼吸周期的测量值或多个呼吸周期测量值的平均值 控制充放气模块将气囊完全放气;
从呼吸监测模块获取气囊完全放气后患者的呼气参数的值, 所述呼气 参数的值为一个呼吸周期的测量值或多个呼吸周期测量值的平均值; 根据获取的前后两个呼气参数的值评价气道状态, 并输出评价结果。
[权利要求 21] —种气道状态评价方法,采用如权利要求 1-17中任一项所述的气道状态 评价装置对患者的气道状态进行评价, 其特征在于, 所述方法包括: 在气管插管处于正常通气模式吋控制充放气模块维持气囊处于预定压 力;
基于用户的指令启动气道状态评价流程;
控制充放气模块将气囊完全放气;
从呼吸监测模块获取气囊完全放气后患者吸气参数的值和呼气参数的 值, 所述吸气参数的值和呼气参数的值为一个呼吸周期的测量值或多 个呼吸周期测量值的平均值;
根据吸气参数的值和呼气参数的值评价气道状态, 并输出评价结果。
[权利要求 22] —种气道状态评价装置,其特征在于包括:
用于在气管插管处于正常通气模式吋控制充放气模块维持气囊处于预 定压力的单元;
用于基于用户的指令启动气道状态评价流程的单元;
用于控制呼吸模块以预设潮气量向患者提供机械通气的单元; 用于从呼吸监测模块获取气囊在预定压力吋患者呼气参数的值的单元 , 所述呼气参数的值为一个呼吸周期的测量值或多个呼吸周期测量值 的平均值;
用于控制充放气模块将气囊完全放气的单元;
用于从呼吸监测模块获取气囊完全放气后患者呼气参数的值的单元, 所述呼气参数的值为一个呼吸周期的测量值或多个呼吸周期测量值的 平均值;
用于获取的前后两个呼气参数的值评价气道状态, 并输出评价结果的 单元。
[权利要求 23] 如权利要求 22所述的气道状态评价装置, 其特征在于, 所述呼气参数
为呼气潮气量。
一种气道状态评价装置,其特征在于包括:
用于在气管插管处于正常通气模式吋控制充放气模块维持气囊处于预 定压力的单元;
用于基于用户的指令启动气道状态评价流程的单元;
用于控制充放气模块将气囊完全放气的单元;
用于从呼吸监测模块获取气囊完全放气后患者的吸气参数的值和呼气 参数的值的单元, 所述吸气参数的值和呼气参数的值为一个呼吸周期 的测量值或多个呼吸周期测量值的平均值;
用于根据吸气参数的值和呼气参数的值评价气道状态, 并输出评价结 果的单元。
如权利要求 24所述的气道状态评价装置, 其特征在于, 所述吸气参数 和呼气参数分别为吸气潮气量和呼气潮气量。
如权利要求 22-25中任一项所述的气道状态评价装置, 其特征在于还 包括: 用于生成显示气管插管插入患者咽部的可视化图形的图形数据 的数据处理模块,且该数据处理模块根据不同的气道状态评价结果改 变所述图形数据。
一种气管插管设备,其特征在于包括: 气管插管, 其包括导管、 气囊和充气管, 气囊环绕在导管的一端的外 面, 充气管一端与气囊内部连通, 另一端用于输入气体;
如权利要求 1-17中任一项所述的气道状态评价装置, 充放气模块的接 口用于与充气管的另一端连接。
一种气道状态评价方法, 其特征在于, 所述方法包括:
接收用户的气道状态评价指令;
测量气体插管的气囊分别处于充、 放气状态下患者呼气参数; 比较充、 放气状态下分别测得的呼气参数的值;
根据比较结果输出气道状态评价提示。
一种气道状态评价方法, 其特征在于, 所述方法包括:
接收用户的气道状态评价指令;
测量气体插管的气囊处于放气状态下患者吸气参数的值和呼气参数的 值;
比较测得的吸气参数的值和呼气参数的值;
根据比较结果输出气道状态评价提示。
[权利要求 30] 如权利要求 28或 29所述的方法, 其特征在于, 所述气囊处于充气状态 为所述气囊被维持于预定压力, 所述气囊处于放气状态为所述气囊被 完全放气。
[权利要求 31] 如权利要求 28所述的方法, 其特征在于, 所述呼气参数包括潮气量、 呼吸流速、 气道压力、 二氧化碳含量和化学指示剂含量中的任一个。
[权利要求 32] 如权利要求 29所述的方法, 其特征在于, 所述呼气参数和吸气参数为 潮气量、 呼吸流速、 气道压力、 二氧化碳含量和化学指示剂含量中的 任一个。
[权利要求 33] 一种气道状态评价装置, 其特征在于, 所述装置包括:
接收模块, 用于接收用户的气道状态评价指令, 输出评价触发命令; 呼吸参数检测模块, 与所述接口模块连接, 在接收到所述评价触发命 令后测量气体插管的气囊分别处于充、 放气状态下患者呼气参数; 呼吸参数比较模块, 与所述呼吸参数检测模块连接, 比较充、 放气状 态下分别测得的呼气参数的值;
评价模块, 与所述呼吸参数比较模块连接, 提示根据比较结果输出气 道状态评价提示。
[权利要求 34] 一种气道状态评价装置, 其特征在于, 所述装置包括:
接收模块, 用于接收用户的气道状态评价指令, 输出评价触发命令; 呼吸参数检测模块, 与所述接口模块连接, 在接收到所述评价触发命 令后测量气体插管的气囊处于放气状态下患者吸气参数的值和呼气参 数的值;
呼吸参数比较模块, 与所述呼吸参数检测模块连接, 比较测得的吸气 参数的值和呼气参数的值;
评价模块, 与所述呼吸参数比较模块连接, 提示根据比较结果输出气 道状态评价提示。
[权利要求 35] 如权利要求 33或 34所述的装置, 其特征在于, 所述气囊处于充气状态 为所述气囊被维持于预定压力, 所述气囊处于放气状态为所述气囊被 完全放气。
[权利要求 36] 如权利要求 33所述的装置, 其特征在于, 所述呼气参数包括潮气量、 呼吸流速、 气道压力、 二氧化碳含量和化学指示剂含量中的任一个。
[权利要求 37] 如权利要求 34所述的装置, 其特征在于, 所述呼气参数和吸气参数为 潮气量、 呼吸流速、 气道压力、 二氧化碳含量和化学指示剂含量中的 任一个。
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