WO2017141156A1 - Système et procédé pour recharger un véhicule électrique en courant continu (cc) - Google Patents

Système et procédé pour recharger un véhicule électrique en courant continu (cc) Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2017141156A1
WO2017141156A1 PCT/IB2017/050807 IB2017050807W WO2017141156A1 WO 2017141156 A1 WO2017141156 A1 WO 2017141156A1 IB 2017050807 W IB2017050807 W IB 2017050807W WO 2017141156 A1 WO2017141156 A1 WO 2017141156A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
direct current
converter
recharging
current section
electric vehicle
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/IB2017/050807
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Mauro DE LAURI
Luigi Gozzi
Original Assignee
Alfazero S.P.A.
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Alfazero S.P.A. filed Critical Alfazero S.P.A.
Publication of WO2017141156A1 publication Critical patent/WO2017141156A1/fr

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
    • B60L53/60—Monitoring or controlling charging stations
    • B60L53/64—Optimising energy costs, e.g. responding to electricity rates
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
    • H02J3/28—Arrangements for balancing of the load in a network by storage of energy
    • H02J3/32—Arrangements for balancing of the load in a network by storage of energy using batteries with converting means
    • H02J3/322—Arrangements for balancing of the load in a network by storage of energy using batteries with converting means the battery being on-board an electric or hybrid vehicle, e.g. vehicle to grid arrangements [V2G], power aggregation, use of the battery for network load balancing, coordinated or cooperative battery charging
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/7072—Electromobility specific charging systems or methods for batteries, ultracapacitors, supercapacitors or double-layer capacitors
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02T90/10—Technologies relating to charging of electric vehicles
    • Y02T90/12—Electric charging stations
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02T90/10—Technologies relating to charging of electric vehicles
    • Y02T90/16—Information or communication technologies improving the operation of electric vehicles
    • Y02T90/167—Systems integrating technologies related to power network operation and communication or information technologies for supporting the interoperability of electric or hybrid vehicles, i.e. smartgrids as interface for battery charging of electric vehicles [EV] or hybrid vehicles [HEV]
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y04—INFORMATION OR COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES HAVING AN IMPACT ON OTHER TECHNOLOGY AREAS
    • Y04S—SYSTEMS INTEGRATING TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO POWER NETWORK OPERATION, COMMUNICATION OR INFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES FOR IMPROVING THE ELECTRICAL POWER GENERATION, TRANSMISSION, DISTRIBUTION, MANAGEMENT OR USAGE, i.e. SMART GRIDS
    • Y04S30/00—Systems supporting specific end-user applications in the sector of transportation
    • Y04S30/10—Systems supporting the interoperability of electric or hybrid vehicles
    • Y04S30/14—Details associated with the interoperability, e.g. vehicle recognition, authentication, identification or billing

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a system and method for recharging an electric vehicle with direct current.
  • the invention proposed herein can be used in the domestic/residential setting, or in an industrial environment, either private or public.
  • UPS Uninterruptible Power Supplies
  • Figure 1 illustrates the block diagram of a known energy storage management system 1 (typically but not limited to electrochemical), wherein the division between a direct current/voltage DC domain and an alternating current/voltage AC domain is shown.
  • a known energy storage management system 1 typically but not limited to electrochemical
  • the fundamental element of the system 1 is a bi-directional inverter 2, i.e. a DC/AC static converter from direct current DC domain to alternating current AC domain, and vice versa.
  • the alternating current coming from the public electrical grid R and/or from local electrical energy generation devices G powers one or more alternating current users U and, in the event of surplus, is sent to the bi-directional inverter 2 to be transformed into direct current and stored in an accumulator 3, for example a battery.
  • local electrical energy generation devices G e.g. renewable sources and/or motor generators
  • the system 1 further comprises a sectioning device 7 interposed between the bi-directional inverter 2 and the public electrical grid R.
  • the direct current is provided by the battery 3, which supplies the bi-directional inverter 2, which then supplies the alternating current to the different users U.
  • document US 2012/206104 proposes a system for recharging an electric vehicle with alternating current, through the connector 23, which takes energy directly from the AC distribution unit.
  • the DC/DC converter 213, instead, is not used to power the vehicle but only to take energy from the vehicle.
  • Figure 2 illustrates the block diagram of a system 10 for recharging an electric vehicle V with direct current, according to the state of the art.
  • the recharging system 10 of figure 2 also comprises an AC/DC static converter 4, which receives alternating current from the public electrical grid R and/or from local electrical energy generation devices G (e.g. renewable sources and/or motor generators) or from the electrochemical accumulator 3 through the bi-directional inverter 2 and transforms it into direct current to be stored directly in the battery installed on board the vehicle.
  • an AC/DC static converter 4 which receives alternating current from the public electrical grid R and/or from local electrical energy generation devices G (e.g. renewable sources and/or motor generators) or from the electrochemical accumulator 3 through the bi-directional inverter 2 and transforms it into direct current to be stored directly in the battery installed on board the vehicle.
  • the power flow limit to the electric vehicle V is defined by the lower power between battery 3, AC/CD static converter 4, bi-directional inverter 2 and power available from the grid R or from local generation G.
  • the main disadvantage of this solution is connected with the need to have the availability of high power from the local and/or public grid and the need to supersize the bi-directional inverter (which is the main cost item of the system, together with the battery) in order to fulfil requirements of high power for medium-long periods (e.g. over 5 minutes), in practice making the system unusable in a domestic/residential setting.
  • document WO 201 1 /078397 proposes a power feed system for an electric vehicle comprising a plurality of DC/DC converters wherein the attention is focused here on the DC/DC converter indicated with number 15.
  • This converter which is mono-directional, has the sole aim of converting the voltage provided by the battery 52 into a predetermined output voltage value.
  • the only AC/DC converter 16 is mono-directional. In fact, it is configured to convert the AC input (from the power supply 100) into a DC output.
  • the vehicle recharging system still provides a double conversion stage, with the related loss of efficiency at each step.
  • the AC/DC 16 and the DC/DC 15 are used to recharge the battery 52 from the grid 100.
  • the DC/DC 21 is then used (which is mono-directional).
  • the bi-directionality in WO 201 1 /078397 was obtained by using two DC/DC converters: number 21 , which actually takes energy from line L2 and transfers it to the vehicle, and number 22, which takes energy from the vehicle and transfers it to line L1 .
  • the technical task underpinning the present invention is to provide a system and method for recharging an electric vehicle with direct current, that obviate the above-cited drawbacks of the prior art.
  • the object of the present invention is to propose a system and method for recharging an electric vehicle with direct current, that allow quick recharging even in situations of limited available power.
  • a further object of the present invention is to propose a system and method for recharging an electric vehicle with direct current, that simplify the management of the recharging by the user, reducing waiting times and increasing the availability of recharging sites, for example in a domestic/residential setting or in public/private parking areas.
  • Another object of the present invention is to propose a system and method for recharging an electric vehicle with direct current, that are as independent from the grid as possible, hence preventing an increase in the energy price.
  • an energy storage means for example one or more electrochemical batteries or one or more capacitive accumulators or one or more kinetic accumulators;
  • bi-directional DC/AC converter having a direct current section connected to an energy storage means and an alternating current section connectible to a local power supply source or to a public electrical grid;
  • DC/DC converter having a first direct current section connected to an energy storage means and a second direct current section connectible to the electric vehicle for powering it.
  • the DC/DC converter is of the bi-directional type.
  • the first direct current section of the DC/DC converter is also connected with the direct current section of the DC/AC converter.
  • the recharging system comprises a sectioning device connected to the alternating current section of the DC/AC converter and connectible to the public electrical grid.
  • FIG. 1 and 2 illustrate block diagrams of an energy storage system and a system for recharging an electric vehicle, respectively, according to the prior art
  • FIG. 3 illustrates a block diagram of a system for recharging an electric vehicle with direct current, according to the present invention.
  • number 100 indicates a system for recharging an electric vehicle V with direct current, in particular for use in a domestic/residential setting, or in an industrial, public or private, environment.
  • the recharging system 100 comprises a bi-directional DC/AC converter 2 (or bi-directional inverter) having a direct current section 2a and an alternating current section 2b.
  • the DC/AC converter 2 is configured to:
  • electrical signal means a signal representing an electrical magnitude, such as current or voltage.
  • the recharging system 100 comprises an energy storage means 3.
  • the energy storage means 3 comprises one or more electrochemical batteries, for example, connected in parallel.
  • the batteries 3 are lead-acid batteries or lithium ion or nickel-metal hydride batteries.
  • the energy storage means 3 comprises one or more capacitive accumulators or one or more kinetic accumulators.
  • the direct current section 2a of the DC/AC converter 2 is connected to the energy storage means 3.
  • the alternating current section 2b is connectible with a local power supply source G, such as a renewable electrical energy source (photovoltaic, wind power, etc.), or a motor generator.
  • a local power supply source G such as a renewable electrical energy source (photovoltaic, wind power, etc.), or a motor generator.
  • the recharging system 100 further comprises a sectioning device 7 (of a known type) connected to the alternating current section 2b of the DC/AC converter 2 and to the public electrical grid R.
  • the recharging system 100 further comprises a DC/DC converter 6 having a first direct current section 6a and a second direct current section 6b, whose aim is to convert the DC voltage of the energy storage means 3 into DC voltage suitable for the battery of the vehicle V.
  • the second direct current section 6b is preferably of the variable voltage type in order to adapt to the vehicle V battery voltage.
  • the first direct current section 6a is connected to the energy storage means 3, while the second direct current section 6b is connectible to the electric vehicle V for powering it.
  • the DC/DC converter 6 is also of the bi-directional type.
  • the first direct current section 6a of the DC/DC bi-directional converter 6 is also connected with the direct current section 2a of the DC/AC converter 2.
  • the DC/AC converter 2 converts the alternating current electrical signal acquired from its alternating current section 2b into a direct current electrical signal, which is stored in the batteries 3 (or more generally, in the storage means).
  • the energy stored in the batteries 3 is used to recharge, when needed, the electric vehicle V through the DC/DC converter 6, with a power flow that goes from the first direct current section 6a to the second direct current section 6b.
  • the DC/DC converter 6 is, in this invention, the only component sized to make high power flow towards the vehicle V.
  • the battery 3 that provides a direct current electrical signal to the direct current section 2a of the DC/AC converter 2, which converts it into an alternating current electrical signal, made available to one or more users U through the alternating current section 2b.
  • the energy can also be taken from the electric vehicle V (in particular from its battery) through the second direct current section 6b and provided to the local grid G or the users U through the DC/AC converter 2 (with power flow from its direct current section 2a to the alternating current section 2b).
  • the sectioning device 7 is able to communicate to the other elements of the recharging system 100 (e.g. to the DC/AC converter 2, to the energy storage means 3, to the DC/DC converter 6, to the energy generator if provided, etc.) a signal representing the presence/absence of the grid.
  • Such communication may take place with known radio technologies, such as Bluetooth, ZigBee, Wi-Fi or through the transmission of data on power grids (e.g. so-called power line communication).
  • each element of the recharging system 100 sets predefined parameters for that status.
  • alternating current user U activities e.g. ovens, dishwashers, washing machines, etc.
  • limits can be set on taking power from the batteries 3 by the DC/AC converter 2 or the DC/DC converter 6.
  • the recharging system proposed allows the electric vehicle to be quickly recharged with direct current also in situations of limited availability of power either generated locally or by the public grid.
  • the system is substantially independent from the grid and also functions in case of a black-out.
  • the recharging system proposed can also be used in a domestic/residential setting, hence contributing to increasing user confidence in electric vehicles.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)
  • Electric Propulsion And Braking For Vehicles (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention porte sur un système (100) pour recharger un véhicule électrique (V) en courant continu, comprenant : au moins une batterie (3) ; un convertisseur courant continu/courant alternatif bidirectionnel (2) ayant une section courant continu connectée (2a) à la batterie (3) et une section courant alternatif (2b) pouvant être connectée à une source d'alimentation électrique locale (G) ou à un réseau électrique public (R) ; un convertisseur bi-directionnel continu/courant alternatif unique (6) ayant une première section courant continu (6a) connectée à la batterie (3) et à la section courant continu (2a) du convertisseur continu/courant alternatif (2) ; et une seconde section courant continu (6b) pouvant être connectée au véhicule électrique (V) pour alimenter ce dernier.
PCT/IB2017/050807 2016-02-19 2017-02-14 Système et procédé pour recharger un véhicule électrique en courant continu (cc) WO2017141156A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
IT102016000017360 2016-02-19
ITUB2016A000891A ITUB20160891A1 (it) 2016-02-19 2016-02-19 Sistema di ricarica di un veicolo elettrico in corrente continua

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WO2017141156A1 true WO2017141156A1 (fr) 2017-08-24

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IT (1) ITUB20160891A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2017141156A1 (fr)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN108146284A (zh) * 2018-01-09 2018-06-12 郑宏 一种固定式电动汽车充电装置及其充电方法

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20100039062A1 (en) * 2008-08-18 2010-02-18 Gong-En Gu Smart charge system for electric vehicles integrated with alternative energy sources and energy storage
WO2011078397A1 (fr) * 2009-12-21 2011-06-30 Panasonic Electric Works Co., Ltd. Système d'alimentation pour véhicule électrique
US20120013299A1 (en) * 2010-07-13 2012-01-19 The Prosser Group LLC Controller for a modular system for charging electrical vehicles
US20120206104A1 (en) * 2011-02-15 2012-08-16 Denso Corporation Electric power supply system

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20100039062A1 (en) * 2008-08-18 2010-02-18 Gong-En Gu Smart charge system for electric vehicles integrated with alternative energy sources and energy storage
WO2011078397A1 (fr) * 2009-12-21 2011-06-30 Panasonic Electric Works Co., Ltd. Système d'alimentation pour véhicule électrique
US20120013299A1 (en) * 2010-07-13 2012-01-19 The Prosser Group LLC Controller for a modular system for charging electrical vehicles
US20120206104A1 (en) * 2011-02-15 2012-08-16 Denso Corporation Electric power supply system

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN108146284A (zh) * 2018-01-09 2018-06-12 郑宏 一种固定式电动汽车充电装置及其充电方法

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Publication number Publication date
ITUB20160891A1 (it) 2017-08-19

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