WO2017125541A1

WO2017125541A1 - Under sleeper padding

Info

Publication number: WO2017125541A1
Application number: PCT/EP2017/051173
Authority: WO
Inventors: Herwig Miessbacher
Original assignee: Semperit Ag Holding
Priority date: 2016-01-21
Filing date: 2017-01-20
Publication date: 2017-07-27
Also published as: DE102016101011A1; EP3405614A1

Abstract

Under sleeper padding (20), in particular for a railway sleeper (1) supported in a ballast bed, comprising a first layer (30) and a second layer (40), an adhesive system being formed by the first layer (30) and the second layer (40).

Description

sleeper

The present invention relates to a sleeper sheeting, in particular for a sleepersheet carried in the ballast bed, a concrete sleeper, to which a sleeper padding is attached, and a method for producing a sleeper padding. A sleeper pad, also known as underside pad (USP), is an elastic layer arranged on the underside on railway sleepers, in particular concrete sleepers. The (elastic) threshold insole allows adaptation to the ballast bed, which leads to an increase of the support surface and to a reduction of the stress of the ballast grain or grains. In particular, the compressive stress of the ballast, especially in the area of contact between the sill and the ballast, can be reduced because the contact area is increased inasmuch as it allows the ballast grains to penetrate the sill reinforcement. Thresholds known from the prior art are used, for. B. glued to the appropriate railway sleeper. The disadvantage here is the additional effort in sleeper and low adhesion. Next are also threshold soles with adhesive systems, comprising z. B. corresponding undercuts, holes and gaps, etc., known which are pressed into the still soft concrete (the railway sleeper). After curing, a positive connection is formed with the threshold insole. Such threshold solders are produced by casting or by extrusion, and the abovementioned adhesive systems must be elaborately formed, which is expensive and time-consuming. It is therefore an object of the present invention to provide a sleeper padding, in particular for a railway sleepers carried in a ballast bed, a railway sleeper of concrete, to which a Schwellenleohlung is attached, and to provide a method for producing a Schwellenfeohlung, which eliminate the aforementioned disadvantages.

This object is achieved by a threshold sheeting according to claim 1, a railway sleeper according to claim 11 and by a method for producing a sleeper pad according to claim 12. Further advantages and features will become apparent from the dependent claims and the description and the accompanying figures.

According to the invention, a threshold reinforcement, in particular for a railway sleeper worn in a ballast bed, comprises a first layer and a second layer, an adhesive system being formed by the first layer and the second layer or between the first and second layer. The second layer is the layer which, when installed, is oriented towards the ballast bed. The first layer is accordingly oriented towards the concrete sleeper. Preferably, therefore, an (at least) two-layered / two-layered structure of the threshold soling is originally composed of at least two separate, in particular two separate, and optionally independently produced, layers. Advantageously, between or through the first and second layer, the adhesive system is provided / formed or formed for connection to a concrete sleeper. The adhesive system is characterized by the fact that it can form a positive connection with the material of the railway sleeper, in particular with the concrete. For this purpose, preferably corresponding recesses / undercuts, cavities, channels, interstices, extensions, etc. are provided, which can be surrounded by the concrete, whereby a permanent bond with high adhesion can be achieved. The effort is significantly lower than in three-dimensional molded adhesive systems or extruded profiles with appropriate geometries, which should allow a connection with a concrete sleeper. Namely, the adhesive system is advantageously formed by the shape and geometry of the first and second Layer and in particular formed or formed by their position to each other and must not be subsequently introduced into the threshold soling or in the layers themselves. Likewise, no elaborate tools for spraying o or extruding or generally for molding the adhesive system are necessary. The first layer is z. B. from a thermoplastic, for example, PE (polyethylene), PE-UHMW (ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene), PP (propylene), PET (Polyethylentherephtalat), PBT (polybutylene terephthalate), PA (polyamide), EVA (ethylene vinyl acetate), PUR (Polyurethane) or elastomer (granules). In this case, the first layer can be formed from a solid material or from a foam material. The second layer is preferably also made of a thermoplastic, in particular PE (polyethylene), PE-UHMP (ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene), PP (propylene), PET (polyethylene terephthalate), PBT (polybutylene terephthalate), PA (polyamide), EVA (ethylene-vinyl acetate ), PUR (polyurethane) or elastomer (granules). The second layer may be made of a solid material or of a

Foam material may be formed.

Conveniently, a layer thickness of the first layer is in a range of about 0.01 to 18 mm, preferably in a range of 0.05 to 15 mm, particularly preferably in a range of about 0.1 to 10 mm. Preferably, a layer thickness of the second layer is in a range of about 0.2 to 30 mm, more preferably in a range of about 0.5 to 20 mm. The second layer preferably has a hardness in a range of about 10 ShA to 90 ShD, more preferably in a range of about 20 ShA to 90 ShD. In one embodiment, the second layer is a rubber, which is more in a hardness range of about 20 ShA to 90 ShD. Both the first and second layers can be pressed from a rubber granulate. Likewise, they may be produced in a casting process or in an extrusion process. In particular, it is provided that the layer thickness of the first layer and the layer thickness of the second layer remain substantially constant over the extent of the threshold annealing. If the first layer and / or the second Layer are structured, is parked under a constant layer thickness on the averaged over the structuring layer thickness, which remains constant over several structurings. By combining two layers produced in advance, it is advantageously possible to keep the layer thicknesses constant, whereby uniform product dimensions, for example with regard to the respective layer thickness portions, can be set at the threshold leveling.

In a further preferred embodiment of the present invention, it is provided that the first layer and the second layer are partially or partially interconnected. By connecting two layers produced in advance, it is possible in an advantageous manner to realize the connection between the layers in a targeted manner, in particular depending on the respective field of application or target. As a result, for example, by a targeted locally limited bonding of the first layer to the second layer, a sufficiently stable connection can be realized and at the same time the work required in the production can be reduced.

According to a further embodiment of the present invention, it is provided that the second layer has a side facing on the first layer and / or the first layer has a recess on the side facing the second layer. For such threshold solders, the recesses can be targeted in advance, d. H. before joining, in a simple manner and they do not have to be complicated and possibly uncontrolled when connecting the first layer to the second layer.

Furthermore, it is preferably provided that the first layer or the second layer is unstructured. As a result, the workload for one of the two layers can be kept as low as possible, since only one layer has to be structured. According to one embodiment, at least the second layer is formed in multiple layers, whereby a targeted modification of the properties is made possible. In particular, for example, the damping behavior can be influenced in a targeted manner by a multilayer structure. The layers can z. B. differ in their hardness. The layers can z. B. glued together. At least one of the layers can also be formed from a metal material. This applies to both the first layer and the second layer. So z. B. the later described in more detail tapes or cords of the first layer have a metal core.

Advantageously, at least one recess and / or undercut or a multiplicity of recesses and / or undercuts is formed between the first and second layer or through the first and second layer. These ultimately form the adhesive system for connecting the sleeper blind with the railway sleeper, in particular with the concrete sleeper. The adhesive system or the recesses and / or undercuts can be pressed into the still soft concrete of the railway sleeper during its manufacture. After curing, a permanent bond is created via a positive connection. In particular, therefore, the recesses and / or undercuts are formed so that they can be surrounded by the (still liquid) concrete, so they are designed for the circulation with concrete. Basically, as previously described, the sleeper padding may be pushed into the soft concrete, but the soft concrete may also be poured onto the sleeper pad. The decisive factor is that ultimately the adhesive system is not produced during the production of the first and second layers, for example during the casting or extrusion process, but is formed by the interaction of the first and second layers or their shape and geometry.

Additionally or alternatively, the first layer and / or the second layer can also comprise at least one extension or the like, for example in the form of a hook, for molding the adhesive system. Conveniently, the first and the second layer are fastened or joined to one another via a multiplicity of attachment or joining areas, wherein the attachment areas are preferably formed by a pressing method and / or an adhesive method. The attachment areas thus connect the previously separately formed layers to one another. The first and the second layer are in a preferred embodiment z. B. by means of suitable tools or by means of suitable tool mold halves pressed against each other in such a way that a durable composite system is provided. In other words, the first and the second layer are preferably connected to one another via a plurality of pressing locations. Typical pressures are in a range of about 0.01 to 500 bar. Typical temperatures are suitably in a range of about 20 to 400 ° C. Optionally, during the compression of the first and second layers, not only the joining of the first and second layers but also the vulcanization of the first and / or the second layer can take place, which enables a further degree of freedom in the production of the threshold soling. Likewise, the possibly existing multiple layers of the second layer can be connected in this step. The attachment regions have the advantage that from the originally at least two separate layers, a threshold soling can be formed with a corresponding adhesive system. The two layers may consist of the same material or of different materials. The two layers themselves also do not need to be made by the same process. Possibly. The attachment areas may also be splices. Other cohesive and / or positive and / or non-positive connections such as rivets are, albeit consuming in the production conceivable.

The attachment areas can have different shapes or geometries. They can be round, for example oval or else circular, or angular or polygonal, in particular square or rectangular, for example. Appropriately, results in an alternating sequence of recesses and / or undercuts and attachment areas. The recesses and / or undercuts are thus also in particular formed, that the first and the second layer at least partially not just attached to each other, whereby between the first and second layer, the recesses and / or undercuts, cavities, chambers and channels, etc. can be formed. According to various embodiments, the recesses / cavities etc. have a height of approximately 2 to 15 mm, preferably of approximately 2 to 10 mm.

Expediently, the threshold soling has a longitudinal direction and a width direction, wherein the recesses / undercuts and the attachment regions are arranged alternately in the longitudinal direction and in the width direction, expediently at a regular spacing. The width direction of the Schwellenhleohlung corresponds according to one embodiment, for. B. the track direction of the rail system. Basically, the attachment areas but also z. B. may be arranged in an irregular pattern.

According to one embodiment, the first and / or the second layer has elevations on which the attachment areas are formed. The layers are so z. B. thickened in sections or raised. If two such layers are pressed together, the attachment areas advantageously result at the thickened areas.

According to a preferred embodiment, for example, the second layer (and / or the first layer) on a plurality of webs, wherein the first layer (or possibly the second layer) is attached to the webs. The webs are according to one embodiment z. B. substantially parallel to each other and have a width of about 1 to 50 mm, preferably from about 2 to 15 mm on. Between the webs, a distance is measured in various embodiments, for. B. in a range of about 1 to 50 mm, preferably about 2 to 15 mm. Conveniently, the attachment areas are at least partially formed on the webs. The recesses and / or undercuts suitably comprise openings or the like, so that the liquid concrete in the recesses, undercuts, Cavities, chambers and channels etc. between the first and second layers can flow.

According to a preferred embodiment, the first layer z. B. a foil or a plate, which has an opening, for. B. by drilling / punching, preferably several, has. The openings are expediently arranged where the second layer has no elevation or no web. If the second layer has, for example, a plurality of webs, the openings preferably run parallel to the webs. The openings can z. B. as round, in particular circular, oval or square openings, slots or gaps may be formed in the first layer. It is easy to understand that in this way very quickly and effectively an adhesive system comprising a plurality of recesses, undercuts and cavities, etc. can be formed. According to one embodiment, the first layer is formed by a (coarse mesh) fabric. The woven fabric or the coarse-meshed fabric is so "permeable" that the liquid concrete can pass through it The distance of the weft and warp threads of the fabric is for example in a range of about 0.5 to 20 mm, preferably at about 1 to 10 mm.

The second layer may also have a plurality of webs, which z. B. as a chess board, are arranged, that is substantially perpendicular to each other. Other angles in a range between 0 and 90 ° are possible, for example, a diamond-shaped arrangement. The elevations may also have other shapes, for example in the form of knobs or the like, and need not be designed as webs.

According to a likewise preferred embodiment, the first layer is formed by a multiplicity of strips or bands or strings along which the attachment regions are formed. An upper side of the second layer is preferably planar or flat in this case, but it may also have elevations, for example in the form of the already known webs. The Strips / ribbons according to various embodiments have a width of about 0.5 to 50 mm, preferably about 1 to 15 mm. Conveniently, the strips / bands are arranged parallel and at a distance of about 1 to 50 mm, preferably from about 1 to 15 mm. The cords, which are z. B. is monofilaments or multifilaments, according to various embodiments have a diameter of about 0.01 to 10 mm, preferably from about 0.01 to 1 mm. A distance of the cords is preferably in a range of about 0.01 to 30 mm, more preferably in a range of about 0.5 to 20 mm.

If the second layer has, for example, a multiplicity of webs, then the bands, strips or cords can be z. B. may be arranged such that they intersect the webs, wherein at the crossing points preferably the attachment areas are formed. Preferably, an angle between the strips, tapes or cords of the first layer and the webs of the second layer is in a range of about 20 ° to 90 °, in particular about 60 ° to 90 °.

According to one embodiment, z. B. formed the first layer undulating or z. B. the strips or ribbons / cords of the first layer wave-shaped, between the respective troughs and the second layer expediently the attachment areas are formed.

Conveniently, such wavy strips or bands have a width of about 0.5 to 50 mm, preferably from about 1 to 15 mm. Appropriately, a distance in a range of about 1 to 50 mm, preferably about 1 to 15 mm. However, the strips / ribbons / cords can also abut one another directly, that is, butt-to-joint, preferably offset from each other in such a way that a corrugation peak is always arranged next to a trough. Thus, the inflow of the liquid concrete between the first and second layers is made possible and ensured. It should also be mentioned that the feature "wave-shaped" is not to be interpreted strictly as meaning that, for example, a sinusoidal profile of the first layer or of the strips / tapes / cords must be present. also angular, for example rectangular, or triangular, as in a saw tooth, be formed.

The strips, bands or cords may also be formed along their longitudinal direction by a plurality of (correspondingly short) strips, bands or cord sections. The strips, ribbons or strings are then not formed continuously. Conveniently, such a section comprises a fastening region, preferably two. The strip, strip or cord section thus expediently form a multiplicity of tabs.

According to one embodiment, the first layer is formed in one piece or as a film and optionally wave-shaped, wherein corresponding openings are provided. In addition to a foil with holes, tapes, tapes or cords (multifilaments, monofilaments) can also be used.

The wave shape can also be produced during the fastening, in particular during the pressing, of the first and second layer, for example by a corresponding compression of the first layer or of the strips / strips / cords. However, the first layer may also have the waveform in itself, that is to say it has already been shaped during the production.

According to one embodiment, the threshold soling comprises a third layer, which is attached to the second layer, in particular to a lower side of the second layer, ie the side applied to the first layer, the third layer being a ballast protection layer. For example, the

Layer a fleece or a fabric made of PE, PP, PA, PET. It can also be formed, for example, from metal filaments or from films made of PE, PE-UHMW, PP, PTFE. It can also be formed from metal sheets and / or fabrics / meshes. According to the invention, a threshold reinforcement is fastened to a concrete railway sleeper, the sleeper reinforcement comprising a first layer and a second layer Layer, wherein an adhesive system is formed by the first layer and the second layer, for positive connection with the concrete of the railway sleeper. The sleeper padding is attached to an underside of the railway sleeper, at the top of the railway sleeper run the tracks. The bond strength between the railway sleeper and the threshold sheeting is e.g. As described in the CEN / TC 256 / SC 1 / WG 16 / SG 4 (Annex E) and is> 0.4 MPa. These values / requirements are clearly exceeded with the embodiments proposed here. According to the invention, a method for producing a threshold reinforcement, in particular for a railway sleeper, comprises the steps:

Providing a first layer;

Providing a second layer;

- Pressing, in particular continuous or discontinuous pressing, the two layers, for forming a plurality of attachment areas.

According to one embodiment, the method further comprises the step:

- vulcanizing the first and / or the second layer during or after the pressing.

The pressing is done z. At pressures in the range of about 0.01 to 500 bar and at temperatures in the range of about 20 to 400 ° C. In this respect, the first and / or the second layer can be vulcanized during the pressing. Preference is thus given to using continuous vulcanization processes under pressure. Also, discontinuous methods, such as. B. step pressing method, but are possible. Alternatively, the vulcanization of both the first and the second layer or, where appropriate, both layers may also take place after the pressing. The layers may also have been vulcanized prior to compression, e.g. B. in a continuous or discontinuous pressing or extrusion process. Preferably, the threshold soling is produced in a continuous pressing process, it being possible for a plurality of optionally also different materials / layers to be directly connected to one another. The elastomers used can be present in vulcanized and / or unvulcanized state. Moreover, it is possible that the sleeper padding is easily produced in a multi-layered fashion with consistent product quality and dimensions. This can only be achieved with great effort in conventionally used processes (extrusion, PUR casting). Also advantageous is the production by means of step pressing method.

As an example of a continuous pressure vulcanization process, the rotary vulcanization process should be mentioned. This makes it possible to continuously produce products with and without reinforcement inserts. Another example is the double belt presses. These presses consist of two endless steel bands, which are led around two drums. Pressure and temperature can be varied along the flat belts. Compared to rotary vulcanization processes, double belt presses have the advantage that much higher pressures can be achieved. Compared to step presses, it is advantageous that the heating and cooling takes place under constant pressure, without having to open the press, and that there are no transient loads with double heating time. As a semi-continuous process, which can also be used in the present case, the lead cladding method is to be mentioned. A raw hose or a raw cable is covered by a lead extruder or a lead press. The thickness of the lead layer is z. B. between 1 and 3 mm. Usually, hoses are built on flexible rubber or plastic mandrels. The necessary pressure is created by the difference between the thermal expansion coefficients of lead and rubber or plastic.

For the railway sleepers according to the invention and for the method according to the invention, the advantages and features already mentioned in the context of the embodiments for sleeper padding and vice versa apply. Further advantages and features will become apparent from the following description of preferred embodiments of the invention threshold sleepers and the concrete railway sleeper with respect to the accompanying figures. Individual features of the individual embodiments can be combined with each other within the scope of the invention.

Show it:

FIG. 1 shows an embodiment of a threshold insole in a perspective view;

FIG. 2 shows a further embodiment of a threshold insole in a side view; FIG. 3 shows a perspective view of a railway sleeper, on the underside of which a sleeper padding is fastened;

FIG. 4a shows another embodiment of a threshold insole with a first

Layer formed by strings;

FIG. 4b shows another embodiment of a threshold insole with a first one

Layer formed as a flat surface comprising a plurality of openings; FIG. 4c shows another embodiment of a threshold soling in which the first layer is formed as a fabric layer.

FIG. 1 shows, in a perspective view, a threshold soling 20, which has a first layer 30 which is formed from a multiplicity of bands or strips 32. These run essentially parallel to one another and are arranged at a distance from one another, which may be different, but may also be approximately the same, as shown here. The first layer 30 is over a plurality of attachment portions 70 (only a single one is referenced) attached to a second layer 40. In particular, the first layer 30 and the second layer 40 are pressed together. The second layer 40 forms a plurality of substantially mutually parallel webs 43, 43 spaces between the parallel webs 44 are formed, resulting from the distances b, in which the webs 43 are arranged to each other. The web width is marked with the reference symbol a. By this arrangement, a plurality of recesses or undercuts 60 is formed. Openings 62 are provided by arranging the substantially flat bands / strips 32 at a distance from one another. Finally, liquid concrete can flow into the recesses or undercuts 60 via the openings 62. The attachment regions 70 are formed at the crossing points of the strips or bands 32 with the webs 43. The strips / bands 32 in this case essentially run at an angle of 90 ° to the webs 43. However, other angles are also possible, which may result in larger attachment areas (at the points of intersection). The recesses 60 have, between an upper side 41 of the second layer 40 and the strips or strips 32, a height h which lies in a range of approximately 1 to 20 mm, preferably in a range of approximately 2 to 10 mm. At a bottom 42 of the second layer 40, a third layer 50 is attached, which z. B. serves as a gravel protection layer.

FIG. 2 shows a further embodiment of a threshold reinforcement 20 comprising a first layer 30 and a second layer 40 in a side view. Shown here are two (successively arranged) strips or bands 32, which run in a waveform and which form the first layer 30 / form. Wave troughs 33 are correspondingly followed by wave crests 34. This also results in a multiplicity of recesses or undercuts 60, comprising openings 62, which are formed here via the shape, in particular by the wave shape of the strips / bands 32. The strips / bands 32 may be arranged directly adjacent to each other or at a distance from one another. The recesses 60 have a height h. Preferred values have already been included Fig. 1 called. It should also be emphasized that, in the embodiment shown here, attachment regions 70 are formed on an upper side 41 of the first layer 30 and on the corresponding wave troughs 33 of the strips or bands 32 and. On a lower side 42 of the second layer 40, a third layer 50 designed as a gravel protection layer is arranged.

Fig. 3 shows a perspective view of a railway sleeper 1, in particular a concrete sleeper, at the bottom of a Schwellenhleohlung 20 is attached. A second layer 40 and a third layer 50 designed as a ballast protective layer can be seen. The concrete sleeper 1 extends along a longitudinal direction L and along a width direction B, the rails not shown here running along the width direction B. A first layer is not recognizable here, since it is connected in a form-fitting manner to the concrete of the railway sleeper 1 as part of the adhesive system of the threshold sheeting 20.

4a shows a further embodiment of a threshold soling 20, comprising a first layer 30 and a second layer 40. The second layer 40 comprises a multiplicity of webs 43 arranged parallel to one another. Cords 32 extend substantially perpendicular to the webs 43 z. B. are formed as Monofila- elements or multifilaments. The cords can also run at other angles between 0 and 90 ° relative to the webs. The cords with each other must not always run parallel to each other. If they run parallel, a distance is expediently in a range of about 0.01 to 30 mm, preferably in a range of about 0.5 to 20 mm. A diameter of the strings is z. In a range of about 0.01 to 10 mm or in a range of about 0.01 to 5 mm.

FIG. 4b shows a further embodiment of a threshold loop 20, comprising a first layer 30 and a second layer 40. Here, too, the second layer 40 has a plurality of webs 43, between which intermediate spaces 44 are formed. The first layer is here z. B. formed as a foil or plate, which has a variety of round, z. B. oval or circular, openings 62, which z. B. drilled or punched, has. These are expediently arranged in rows in such a way that they are positioned over the intermediate spaces 44.

FIG. 4 c shows a further embodiment of a threshold annealing 20, which has a first layer 30 and a second layer 40. The second layer 40 includes a plurality of webs 43. The first layer 30 is formed as a fabric, in particular as a coarse-meshed fabric. The course of the weft and warp threads is shown in a top view in the upper right-hand half of the picture, the warp threads extending vertically and the weft threads extending horizontally. and warp threads are, for example, in a range of about 0.5 to 50 mm, preferably in a range of about 1 to 20 mm.

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

1 railway threshold

20 sleeper soling

30 first shift

32 ribbon, strip, string

33 wave valley

34 wave mountain

40 second layer

41 top

42 bottom

43 footbridge

44 space

50 third shift

60 recess, undercut

62 opening

70 mounting area

L longitudinal direction

B width direction height

web width

distance

Claims

claims

Sleeper padding (20), in particular for a railway sleeper (1) carried in a ballast bed,

comprising a first layer (30) and a second layer (40),

wherein an adhesive system is formed by the first layer (30) and the second layer (40).

Sleeper pad according to claim 1,

wherein between the first (30) and second layer (40) at least one recess and / or undercut (60) for forming the adhesive system is formed.

Sleeper pad according to claim 1 or 2,

wherein the first (30) and second layers (40) are secured together by a plurality of attachment portions (70), which are preferably formed by a pressing process and / or bonding method.

Sleeper padding according to claim 3,

wherein the attachment regions (70) are round or angular, in particular square or rectangular.

Sleeper padding according to one of claims 3-4,

wherein the first (30) and / or the second layer (40) has elevations on which the attachment regions (70) are formed.

A sleeper pad according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the second layer (40) comprises a plurality of webs (43), and wherein the first layer (30) is secured to the webs (43).

7. sleeper padding according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the first layer (30) is a film having at least one opening.

A sleeper pad according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the first layer (30) is formed by a plurality of strips / straps (32) along which the attachment regions (70) are formed.

Sleeper pad according to claim 8,

wherein the strips / bands (32) are wave-shaped, and wherein between the wave troughs (33) and the second layer (40) expediently the attachment regions (70) are formed.

A threshold sheeting according to any one of the preceding claims, comprising a third layer (50) attached to the second layer (40), the third layer (50) preferably being a gravel protection view.

A sleeper pad according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the layer thickness of the first layer (30) and the layer thickness of the second layer (40) remain substantially constant over the extent of the sleeper pad (20).

Sleeper pad according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the first layer (30) and the second layer (40) are partially connected to each other.

Sleeper padding according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the second layer (40) has a recess on the first layer (30) side facing and / or the first layer (30) has a recess on the second layer (40) facing side. Railway sleeper (1) made of concrete, to which a threshold reinforcement (20) is attached,

wherein the sleeper blind (20) comprises a first layer (30) and a second layer (40), and

wherein an adhesive system is formed by the first layer (30) and the second layer (40) for the positive connection with the concrete of the railway sleeper (1).

Method for producing a threshold reinforcement (20), in particular for a railway sleeper (1), comprising the steps:

- providing a first layer (30);

- providing a second layer (40);

- Pressing, in particular continuous or discontinuous pressing, of the two layers (30; 40), for forming a plurality of fastening regions (70).

Method according to claim 15,

further comprising the step:

- vulcanizing the first (30) and / or the second layer (40) during or after the pressing.