WO2017117852A1 - 透明显示器 - Google Patents

透明显示器 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2017117852A1
WO2017117852A1 PCT/CN2016/074611 CN2016074611W WO2017117852A1 WO 2017117852 A1 WO2017117852 A1 WO 2017117852A1 CN 2016074611 W CN2016074611 W CN 2016074611W WO 2017117852 A1 WO2017117852 A1 WO 2017117852A1
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Prior art keywords
liquid crystal
transparent
layer
display device
transparent display
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PCT/CN2016/074611
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
胡国仁
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武汉华星光电技术有限公司
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Priority to US15/031,750 priority Critical patent/US10121992B2/en
Publication of WO2017117852A1 publication Critical patent/WO2017117852A1/zh

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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/1347—Arrangement of liquid crystal layers or cells in which the final condition of one light beam is achieved by the addition of the effects of two or more layers or cells
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
    • H10K50/00—Organic light-emitting devices
    • H10K50/80—Constructional details
    • H10K50/86—Arrangements for improving contrast, e.g. preventing reflection of ambient light
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
    • H10K50/00—Organic light-emitting devices
    • H10K50/80—Constructional details
    • H10K50/805—Electrodes
    • H10K50/81—Anodes
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
    • H10K50/00—Organic light-emitting devices
    • H10K50/80—Constructional details
    • H10K50/805—Electrodes
    • H10K50/82—Cathodes
    • H10K50/828—Transparent cathodes, e.g. comprising thin metal layers
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
    • H10K50/00—Organic light-emitting devices
    • H10K50/80—Constructional details
    • H10K50/85—Arrangements for extracting light from the devices
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
    • H10K59/00—Integrated devices, or assemblies of multiple devices, comprising at least one organic light-emitting element covered by group H10K50/00
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
    • H10K59/00—Integrated devices, or assemblies of multiple devices, comprising at least one organic light-emitting element covered by group H10K50/00
    • H10K59/10—OLED displays
    • H10K59/12—Active-matrix OLED [AMOLED] displays
    • H10K59/121—Active-matrix OLED [AMOLED] displays characterised by the geometry or disposition of pixel elements
    • H10K59/1213—Active-matrix OLED [AMOLED] displays characterised by the geometry or disposition of pixel elements the pixel elements being TFTs
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
    • H10K59/00—Integrated devices, or assemblies of multiple devices, comprising at least one organic light-emitting element covered by group H10K50/00
    • H10K59/10—OLED displays
    • H10K59/12—Active-matrix OLED [AMOLED] displays
    • H10K59/123—Connection of the pixel electrodes to the thin film transistors [TFT]
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
    • H10K59/00—Integrated devices, or assemblies of multiple devices, comprising at least one organic light-emitting element covered by group H10K50/00
    • H10K59/10—OLED displays
    • H10K59/12—Active-matrix OLED [AMOLED] displays
    • H10K59/124—Insulating layers formed between TFT elements and OLED elements
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
    • H10K59/00—Integrated devices, or assemblies of multiple devices, comprising at least one organic light-emitting element covered by group H10K50/00
    • H10K59/50—OLEDs integrated with light modulating elements, e.g. with electrochromic elements, photochromic elements or liquid crystal elements
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
    • H10K71/00—Manufacture or treatment specially adapted for the organic devices covered by this subclass
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
    • H10K77/00—Constructional details of devices covered by this subclass and not covered by groups H10K10/80, H10K30/80, H10K50/80 or H10K59/80
    • H10K77/10—Substrates, e.g. flexible substrates
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F2201/00—Constructional arrangements not provided for in groups G02F1/00 - G02F7/00
    • G02F2201/44—Arrangements combining different electro-active layers, e.g. electrochromic, liquid crystal or electroluminescent layers
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
    • G09G—ARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
    • G09G3/00—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes
    • G09G3/20—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters
    • G09G3/34—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters by control of light from an independent source
    • G09G3/36—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters by control of light from an independent source using liquid crystals
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
    • H10K2102/00—Constructional details relating to the organic devices covered by this subclass
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
    • H10K59/00—Integrated devices, or assemblies of multiple devices, comprising at least one organic light-emitting element covered by group H10K50/00
    • H10K59/10—OLED displays
    • H10K59/12—Active-matrix OLED [AMOLED] displays
    • H10K59/1201—Manufacture or treatment
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
    • H10K59/00—Integrated devices, or assemblies of multiple devices, comprising at least one organic light-emitting element covered by group H10K50/00
    • H10K59/30—Devices specially adapted for multicolour light emission
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
    • H10K59/00—Integrated devices, or assemblies of multiple devices, comprising at least one organic light-emitting element covered by group H10K50/00
    • H10K59/80—Constructional details
    • H10K59/805—Electrodes
    • H10K59/8051—Anodes
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
    • H10K59/00—Integrated devices, or assemblies of multiple devices, comprising at least one organic light-emitting element covered by group H10K50/00
    • H10K59/80—Constructional details
    • H10K59/805—Electrodes
    • H10K59/8052—Cathodes
    • H10K59/80524—Transparent cathodes, e.g. comprising thin metal layers
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
    • H10K59/00—Integrated devices, or assemblies of multiple devices, comprising at least one organic light-emitting element covered by group H10K50/00
    • H10K59/80—Constructional details
    • H10K59/8791—Arrangements for improving contrast, e.g. preventing reflection of ambient light
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
    • Y02E10/549—Organic PV cells

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of display technologies, and in particular, to a transparent display.
  • a transparent display generally refers to a display that can form a transparent display state so that a viewer can see the image displayed in the display and the scene behind the display.
  • Transparent displays have many possible applications, such as windows for buildings or cars and display windows for shopping malls. In addition to the applications of these large devices, small devices such as handheld tablets can also benefit from transparent displays, for example, enabling users to view maps and view the front scene through the screen.
  • the transparent display is divided into a head-up display, a transparent liquid crystal display (transparent LCD) and a transparent organic electroluminescent display (transparent OLED).
  • the head-up display is realized by image projection, and the transparent LCD and the transparent OLED are true.
  • the transparent display in the sense, but the transparent display has the disadvantage of low contrast, and its contrast is much lower than that of the ordinary display.
  • the background of the back side of the transparent display may interfere with the image displayed by the transparent display, for example, when the background of the back side has a pattern overlapping with the image displayed by the transparent display or When a similar color is presented, it is easy to cause a negative effect such as poor image clarity displayed by the transparent display and visual fatigue of the human eye.
  • An object of the present invention is to provide a transparent display by providing a liquid crystal torsion layer on the back surface of the transparent display device, so that the transparent display has two states of transparency and opacity, and the transparent background image can be seen from the display screen. When the opacity is displayed, the display has better contrast and display effects.
  • the present invention provides a transparent display comprising a transparent display device and a liquid crystal twist layer disposed on the back surface of the transparent display device, wherein the liquid crystal molecules in the liquid crystal twist layer
  • the liquid crystal molecules in the liquid crystal twist layer There are two states of arrangement perpendicular to the transparent display device and parallel to the transparent display device.
  • the liquid crystal twist layer is transparent, and the observer can display on the transparent display device.
  • the background image behind the transparent display is seen in the screen.
  • the liquid crystal twist layer is opaque, and the observer cannot see the transparent display behind the display screen of the transparent display device.
  • the background image has a higher display contrast than the liquid crystal torsion layer is transparent compared to the liquid crystal torsion layer.
  • the liquid crystal torsion layer covers the entire back surface of the transparent display device or covers only a partial area in the back surface.
  • the liquid crystal torsion layer includes a first substrate and a second substrate disposed opposite to each other, a liquid crystal layer interposed between the first substrate and the second substrate, and a first surface disposed on a side of the first substrate facing the liquid crystal layer An electrode and a second electrode disposed on one surface of the second substrate toward the liquid crystal layer; when no voltage is applied to the first electrode and the second electrode, liquid crystal molecules in the liquid crystal layer are arranged parallel to the transparent display device, The liquid crystal layer is opaque; when a voltage is applied to the first electrode and the second electrode, liquid crystal molecules in the liquid crystal layer are arranged perpendicular to the transparent display device, and the liquid crystal layer is transparent.
  • the first substrate and the second substrate are transparent glass substrates or plastic substrates; the first electrode and the second electrode are both transparent electrodes, and the transparent electrode is made of a transparent metal oxide.
  • the transparent metal oxide is one or more of indium tin oxide, indium zinc oxide, aluminum tin oxide, aluminum zinc oxide, indium antimony zinc oxide.
  • the transparent display device is a transparent organic electroluminescence display device or a transparent liquid crystal display device.
  • the transparent organic electroluminescent display device includes a thin film transistor array substrate, a package structure, an organic light emitting diode between the thin film transistor array substrate and the package structure; the organic light emitting diode includes an anode, a cathode, and an anode and a cathode An organic functional layer comprising at least one organic light-emitting layer.
  • the organic functional layer further includes one or more layers of a hole injection layer, a hole transport layer, an electron blocking layer, a hole blocking layer, an electron transport layer, and an electron injection layer.
  • the transparent liquid crystal display device includes a liquid crystal display panel, upper and lower polarizers disposed on the lower surface of the liquid crystal display panel, and a backlight module disposed under the liquid crystal display panel; the liquid crystal display panel includes a relative The color filter substrate and the thin film transistor substrate are disposed, and a liquid crystal layer interposed between the color filter substrate and the thin film transistor substrate.
  • the backlight module is a side-lit backlight module or a direct-lit backlight module;
  • the side-entry backlight module includes a backlight and a light guide plate disposed on a side of the backlight;
  • the direct-lit backlight module includes a backlight and a diffusion plate disposed above the backlight.
  • the present invention also provides a transparent display comprising a transparent display device and a liquid crystal twist layer disposed on the back surface of the transparent display device, wherein the liquid crystal molecules in the liquid crystal twist layer are arranged perpendicular to the transparent display device and parallel to the transparent display device.
  • the liquid crystal twist layer In a state where the liquid crystal molecules in the liquid crystal twist layer are arranged perpendicular to the transparent display device, the liquid crystal twist layer is transparent, and the observer can see the background image behind the transparent display in the display screen of the transparent display device, when the liquid crystal torsion layer
  • the liquid crystal torsion layer When the liquid crystal molecules in the liquid crystal molecules are arranged in parallel with the transparent display device, the liquid crystal torsion layer is opaque, and the viewer does not see the background image behind the transparent display on the display screen of the transparent display device, and the liquid crystal torsion layer is transparent.
  • the display screen of the transparent display device has a high display contrast;
  • liquid crystal torsion layer covers the entire back surface of the transparent display device or only covers a partial area in the back surface
  • the liquid crystal torsion layer includes a first substrate and a second substrate disposed opposite to each other, a liquid crystal layer interposed between the first substrate and the second substrate, and a first liquid crystal layer disposed on a side of the first substrate a first electrode and a second electrode disposed on one side of the second substrate toward the liquid crystal layer; when no voltage is applied to the first electrode and the second electrode, liquid crystal molecules in the liquid crystal layer are parallel to the transparent display device Arranging, the liquid crystal layer is opaque; when a voltage is applied to the first electrode and the second electrode, the liquid crystal molecules in the liquid crystal layer are arranged perpendicular to the transparent display device, and the liquid crystal layer is transparent;
  • the transparent display device is a transparent organic electroluminescence display device or a transparent liquid crystal display device.
  • the invention provides a transparent display by providing a liquid crystal torsion layer on the back surface of the transparent display device, so that the transparent display has two states of transparent and opaque, when the liquid crystal molecules in the liquid crystal twist layer are perpendicular to
  • the liquid crystal twist layer is transparent, and the observer can see the background image behind the transparent display in the display screen of the transparent display device; when the liquid crystal molecules in the liquid crystal twist layer are arranged parallel to the transparent display device, the liquid crystal The torsion layer is opaque, and the viewer does not see the background image behind the transparent display on the display screen of the transparent display device.
  • the display screen of the transparent display device has high contrast and good image quality.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a transparent display of the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the transparent display of the present invention in a transparent state
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the transparent display of the present invention in an opaque state
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of a transparent organic electroluminescence display device in a transparent display of the present invention.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic structural view of a transparent liquid crystal display device in a transparent display of the present invention.
  • FIG. 6A is a schematic structural view of a side-lit backlight module in the transparent liquid crystal display device of FIG. 5;
  • FIG. 6B is a schematic structural view of a direct type backlight module in the transparent liquid crystal display device of FIG. 5.
  • FIG. 6B is a schematic structural view of a direct type backlight module in the transparent liquid crystal display device of FIG. 5.
  • the present invention provides a transparent display comprising a transparent display device 30/40 and a liquid crystal twist layer 20 disposed on the back surface of the transparent display device 30/40.
  • the liquid crystal molecules in the liquid crystal twist layer 20 have a perpendicular
  • the transparent display device 30/40 is arranged in two states parallel to the transparent display device 30/40. As shown in FIG. 2, when the liquid crystal molecules in the liquid crystal torsion layer 20 are arranged perpendicular to the transparent display device 30/40, the liquid crystal torsion layer 20 is transparent, and the observer can see the background image behind the transparent display in the display screen of the transparent display device 30/40. As shown in FIG.
  • the liquid crystal torsion layer 20 is opaque, and the viewer does not see the background image on the back of the transparent display on the display screen of the transparent display device 30/40, and the liquid crystal torsion layer 20 is transparent compared to the liquid crystal torsion layer 20 at this time.
  • the display screen of the device 30/40 has a high display contrast and the display effect is good.
  • the liquid crystal torsion layer 20 covers the entire back surface of the transparent display device 30/40 or covers only a partial area in the back surface, such as a portion covering only the corresponding display area in the back surface.
  • the liquid crystal torsion layer 20 includes a first substrate 21 and a second substrate 22 disposed opposite to each other, and a liquid crystal layer 23 interposed between the first substrate 21 and the second substrate 22, and is disposed on the first substrate 21
  • the first electrode 24 facing the liquid crystal layer 23 and the second electrode 25 provided on the second substrate 22 facing the liquid crystal layer 23 are provided.
  • the liquid crystal molecules in the liquid crystal layer 23 are arranged in parallel to the transparent display device 30/40, and the liquid crystal layer 23 is opaque; the first electrode 24 and the first electrode
  • the liquid crystal molecules in the liquid crystal layer 23 are arranged perpendicular to the transparent display device 30/40, and the liquid crystal layer 23 is transparent.
  • the first substrate 21 and the second substrate 22 are transparent glass substrates or plastic substrates.
  • the first electrode 24 and the second electrode 25 are both transparent electrodes.
  • the material of the transparent electrode is a transparent metal oxide such as one or more of indium tin oxide, indium zinc oxide, aluminum tin oxide, aluminum zinc oxide, indium antimony zinc oxide.
  • the transparent display device 30/40 may be a transparent organic electroluminescent display device (transparent OLED) 30 or a transparent liquid crystal display device (transparent LCD) 40.
  • transparent OLED transparent organic electroluminescent display device
  • LCD transparent liquid crystal display device
  • the transparent organic electroluminescent display device 30 generally includes a thin film transistor array substrate 31 , a package structure 32 (a cover plate or a package film, etc.), and is disposed on the thin film transistor array substrate 31 and the package structure 32 .
  • the organic light emitting diode 33 includes an anode 331, a cathode 332, and an organic functional layer 333 between the anode 331 and the cathode 332.
  • the organic functional layer 333 includes at least one organic light emitting layer, and may further include a hole injection layer and an empty layer. One or more of a hole transport layer, an electron blocking layer, a hole blocking layer, an electron transport layer, and an electron injection layer.
  • the transparent liquid crystal display device 40 generally includes a liquid crystal display panel 41, upper and lower polarizers 43 and 44 disposed on the lower surface of the liquid crystal display panel 41, and a backlight module 45/46 under the liquid crystal display panel 41.
  • the liquid crystal display panel 41 includes a color filter substrate 411 and a thin film transistor substrate 412 disposed opposite to each other, and a color filter substrate 411 and a thin film transistor substrate 412. Between the liquid crystal layer 413.
  • the backlight module 45/46 may be a side-lit backlight module 45 or a direct-lit backlight module 46; as shown in FIG. 6A, the side-entry backlight module 45 includes a backlight 451, and As shown in FIG. 6B , the direct type backlight module 46 includes a backlight 461 and a diffusion plate 462 disposed above the backlight 461 .
  • the present invention provides a transparent display by providing a liquid crystal twist layer on the back surface of the transparent display device, so that the transparent display has two states of transparency and opacity, when the liquid crystal molecules in the liquid crystal twist layer are perpendicular to the transparent display.
  • the liquid crystal torsion layer is transparent, and the observer can see the background image behind the transparent display in the display screen of the transparent display device; when the liquid crystal molecules in the liquid crystal twist layer are arranged parallel to the transparent display device, the liquid crystal torsion layer In the opaque state, the viewer does not see the background image behind the transparent display on the display screen of the transparent display device.
  • the display screen of the transparent display device has a high contrast and the image quality is good.

Abstract

一种透明显示器，包括透明显示装置（30/40）、及设于透明显示装置（30/40）背面的液晶扭转层（20），液晶扭转层（20）中的液晶分子具有垂直于透明显示装置（30/40）排列及平行于透明显示装置（30/40）排列两种状态，当液晶扭转层（20）中的液晶分子垂直于透明显示装置（30/40）排列时，液晶扭转层（20）为透明状，观察者可以在透明显示装置（30/40）的显示画面中看到透明显示器背后的背景图像，当液晶扭转层（20）中的液晶分子平行于透明显示装置（30/40）排列时，液晶扭转层（20）为不透明状，观察者在透明显示装置（30/40）的显示画面中看不到透明显示器背后的背景图像，此时透明显示装置（30/40）的显示画面具有较高的显示对比度，显示效果较好。

Description

透明显示器 技术领域
本发明涉及显示技术领域，尤其涉及一种透明显示器。
背景技术
随着显示技术的日益发展，各种新型技术不断涌现，透明显示技术因其透明的显示面板这一特性及其独特的应用，越来越受到人们的关注。
透明显示器一般是指可形成透明显示状态以使观看者可看到显示器中显示的影像及显示器背后的景象的显示器。透明显示器具有许多可能的应用，例如建筑物或汽车的窗户和购物商场的展示窗。除了这些大型设备的应用以外，诸如手持式平板电脑的小型设备也可得益于透明显示器，例如，使用户能够观看地图并且能够透过屏幕观看前面的景物。
预期大部分的现有的显示器市场将逐渐地被透明显示器所取代，例如在建筑、广告和公共信息领域。
透明显示器分为抬头显示器、透明液晶显示器(透明LCD)与透明有机电致发光显示器(透明OLED)，在这些透明显示中，抬头显示是采用影像投影的方法实现，而透明LCD与透明OLED属于真正意义上的透明显示，但是透明显示器存在对比度低的缺点，其对比度比普通显示器低很多。原因在于，由于透明显示器具有一定程度的光穿透性，透明显示器后侧的背景会干扰透明显示器所显示的图像，例如是当后侧的背景所具有的图案与透明显示器所显示的图像重叠或是呈现相似的颜色时，易造成透明显示器显示的图像清晰度不佳以及人眼视觉疲劳等负面影响。
因此，如何提升透明显示器的对比度及影像品质实为当前研发人员亟待解决的问题之一。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种透明显示器，通过在透明显示装置的背面设置一液晶扭转层，从而使得透明显示器具有透明及不透明两种状态，透明时可以从显示画面中看到其后的背景图像，不透明时显示画面具有较好的对比度和显示效果。
为实现上述目的，本发明提供一种透明显示器，包括透明显示装置、及设于透明显示装置背面的液晶扭转层，所述液晶扭转层中的液晶分子具 有垂直于透明显示装置排列及平行于透明显示装置排列两种状态，当液晶扭转层中的液晶分子垂直于透明显示装置排列时，液晶扭转层为透明状，观察者可以在透明显示装置的显示画面中看到透明显示器背后的背景图像，当液晶扭转层中的液晶分子平行于透明显示装置排列时，液晶扭转层为不透明状，观察者在透明显示装置的显示画面中看不到透明显示器背后的背景图像，与液晶扭转层为透明状相比，此时透明显示装置的显示画面具有较高的显示对比度。
所述液晶扭转层覆盖所述透明显示装置的整个背面或者仅覆盖背面中的局部区域。
所述液晶扭转层包括相对设置的第一基板与第二基板、夹设于第一基板与第二基板之间的液晶层、设于所述第一基板朝向所述液晶层一面上的第一电极、及设于所述第二基板朝向所述液晶层一面上的第二电极；未对第一电极与第二电极施加电压时，所述液晶层中的液晶分子平行于透明显示装置排列，所述液晶层为不透明状；对第一电极与第二电极施加电压时，所述液晶层中的液晶分子垂直于透明显示装置排列，所述液晶层为透明状。
所述第一基板与第二基板为透明的玻璃基板或塑胶基板；所述第一电极与第二电极均为透明电极，所述透明电极的材料为透明金属氧化物。
所述透明金属氧化物为铟锡氧化物、铟锌氧化物、铝锡氧化物、铝锌氧化物、铟锗锌氧化物的一种或多种。
所述透明显示装置为透明有机电致发光显示装置或透明液晶显示装置。
所述透明有机电致发光显示装置包括薄膜晶体管阵列基板、封装结构、位于薄膜晶体管阵列基板和封装结构之间的有机发光二极管；所述有机发光二极管包括阳极、阴极及位于阳极和阴极之间的有机功能层，所述有机功能层至少包括一有机发光层。
所述有机功能层还包括空穴注入层、空穴传输层、电子阻挡层、空穴阻挡层、电子传输层、电子注入层中的一层或多层。
所述透明液晶显示装置包括液晶显示面板、设于所述液晶显示面板上、下表面的上、下偏光片、及设于所述液晶显示面板下方的背光模组；所述液晶显示面板包括相对设置的彩色滤光片基板与薄膜晶体管基板、及夹设于彩色滤光片基板与薄膜晶体管基板之间的液晶层。
所述背光模组为侧入式背光模组或者直下式背光模组；所述侧入式背光模组包括背光源、及设于背光源侧方的导光板；所述直下式背光模组包括背光源、及设于所述背光源上方的扩散板。
本发明还提供一种透明显示器，包括透明显示装置、及设于透明显示装置背面的液晶扭转层，所述液晶扭转层中的液晶分子具有垂直于透明显示装置排列及平行于透明显示装置排列两种状态，当液晶扭转层中的液晶分子垂直于透明显示装置排列时，液晶扭转层为透明状，观察者可以在透明显示装置的显示画面中看到透明显示器背后的背景图像，当液晶扭转层中的液晶分子平行于透明显示装置排列时，液晶扭转层为不透明状，观察者在透明显示装置的显示画面中看不到透明显示器背后的背景图像，与液晶扭转层为透明状相比，此时透明显示装置的显示画面具有较高的显示对比度；
其中，所述液晶扭转层覆盖所述透明显示装置的整个背面或者仅覆盖背面中的局部区域；
其中，所述液晶扭转层包括相对设置的第一基板与第二基板、夹设于第一基板与第二基板之间的液晶层、设于所述第一基板朝向所述液晶层一面上的第一电极、及设于所述第二基板朝向所述液晶层一面上的第二电极；未对第一电极与第二电极施加电压时，所述液晶层中的液晶分子平行于透明显示装置排列，所述液晶层为不透明状；对第一电极与第二电极施加电压时，所述液晶层中的液晶分子垂直于透明显示装置排列，所述液晶层为透明状；
其中，所述透明显示装置为透明有机电致发光显示装置或透明液晶显示装置。
本发明的有益效果：本发明提供的一种透明显示器，通过在透明显示装置的背面设置一液晶扭转层，从而使得透明显示器具有透明及不透明两种状态，当液晶扭转层中的液晶分子垂直于透明显示装置排列时，液晶扭转层为透明状，观察者可以在透明显示装置的显示画面中看到透明显示器背后的背景图像；当液晶扭转层中的液晶分子平行于透明显示装置排列时，液晶扭转层为不透明状，观察者在透明显示装置的显示画面中看不到透明显示器背后的背景图像，此时透明显示装置的显示画面具有较高的对比度，影像品质较好。
为了能更进一步了解本发明的特征以及技术内容，请参阅以下有关本发明的详细说明与附图，然而附图仅提供参考与说明用，并非用来对本发明加以限制。
附图说明
下面结合附图，通过对本发明的具体实施方式详细描述，将使本发明 的技术方案及其它有益效果显而易见。
附图中，
图1为本发明的透明显示器的结构示意图；
图2为本发明的透明显示器处于透明状态时的示意图；
图3为本发明的透明显示器处于不透明状态时的示意图；
图4为本发明的透明显示器中的透明有机电致发光显示装置的结构示意图；
图5为本发明的透明显示器中的透明液晶显示装置的结构示意图；
图6A为图5的透明液晶显示装置中的侧入式背光模组的结构示意图；
图6B为图5的透明液晶显示装置中的直下式背光模组的结构示意图。
具体实施方式
为更进一步阐述本发明所采取的技术手段及其效果，以下结合本发明的优选实施例及其附图进行详细描述。
请参阅图1，本发明提供一种透明显示器，包括透明显示装置30/40、及设于透明显示装置30/40背面的液晶扭转层20，所述液晶扭转层20中的液晶分子具有垂直于透明显示装置30/40排列及平行于透明显示装置30/40排列两种状态，如图2所示，当液晶扭转层20中的液晶分子垂直于透明显示装置30/40排列时，液晶扭转层20为透明状，观察者可以在透明显示装置30/40的显示画面中看到透明显示器背后的背景图像，如图3所示，当液晶扭转层20中的液晶分子平行于透明显示装置30/40排列时，液晶扭转层20为不透明状，观察者在透明显示装置30/40的显示画面中看不到透明显示器背后的背景图像，与液晶扭转层20为透明状相比，此时透明显示装置30/40的显示画面具有较高的显示对比度，显示效果较好。
具体的，所述液晶扭转层20覆盖所述透明显示装置30/40的整个背面或者仅覆盖背面中的局部区域，如仅覆盖背面中对应显示区域的部分。
具体的，所述液晶扭转层20包括相对设置的第一基板21与第二基板22、夹设于第一基板21与第二基板22之间的液晶层23、设于所述第一基板21朝向所述液晶层23一面上的第一电极24、及设于所述第二基板22朝向所述液晶层23一面上的第二电极25。未对第一电极24与第二电极25施加电压时，所述液晶层23中的液晶分子平行于透明显示装置30/40排列，所述液晶层23为不透明状；对第一电极24与第二电极25施加电压时，所述液晶层23中的液晶分子垂直于透明显示装置30/40排列，所述液晶层23为透明状。
具体的，所述第一基板21与第二基板22为透明的玻璃基板或塑胶基板。
具体的，所述第一电极24与第二电极25均为透明电极。优选的，所述透明电极的材料为透明金属氧化物，如铟锡氧化物、铟锌氧化物、铝锡氧化物、铝锌氧化物、铟锗锌氧化物的一种或多种。
具体的，所述透明显示装置30/40可以为透明有机电致发光显示装置(透明OLED)30或透明液晶显示装置(透明LCD)40。
具体的，如图4所示，所述透明有机电致发光显示装置30通常包括薄膜晶体管阵列基板31、封装结构32(盖板或封装薄膜等)、位于薄膜晶体管阵列基板31和封装结构32之间的有机发光二极管33。所述有机发光二极管33包括阳极331、阴极332及位于阳极331和阴极332之间的有机功能层333，所述有机功能层333至少包括一有机发光层，还可以进一步包括空穴注入层、空穴传输层、电子阻挡层、空穴阻挡层、电子传输层、电子注入层中的一层或多层。
具体的，如图5所示，所述透明液晶显示装置40通常包括液晶显示面板41、设于所述液晶显示面板41上、下表面的上、下偏光片43、44、及设于所述液晶显示面板41下方的背光模组45/46；所述液晶显示面板41包括相对设置的彩色滤光片基板411与薄膜晶体管基板412、及夹设于彩色滤光片基板411与薄膜晶体管基板412之间的液晶层413。
具体的，所述背光模组45/46可以为侧入式背光模组45或者直下式背光模组46；如图6A所示，所述侧入式背光模组45包括背光源451、及设于背光源451侧方的导光板452；如图6B所示，所述直下式背光模组46包括背光源461、及设于所述背光源461上方的扩散板462。
综上所述，本发明提供一种透明显示器，通过在透明显示装置的背面设置一液晶扭转层，从而使得透明显示器具有透明及不透明两种状态，当液晶扭转层中的液晶分子垂直于透明显示装置排列时，液晶扭转层为透明状，观察者可以在透明显示装置的显示画面中看到透明显示器背后的背景图像；当液晶扭转层中的液晶分子平行于透明显示装置排列时，液晶扭转层为不透明状，观察者在透明显示装置的显示画面中看不到透明显示器背后的背景图像，此时透明显示装置的显示画面具有较高的对比度，影像品质较好。
以上所述，对于本领域的普通技术人员来说，可以根据本发明的技术方案和技术构思作出其他各种相应的改变和变形，而所有这些改变和变形都应属于本发明权利要求的保护范围。

Claims (17)

  1. 一种透明显示器，包括透明显示装置、及设于透明显示装置背面的液晶扭转层，所述液晶扭转层中的液晶分子具有垂直于透明显示装置排列及平行于透明显示装置排列两种状态，当液晶扭转层中的液晶分子垂直于透明显示装置排列时，液晶扭转层为透明状，观察者可以在透明显示装置的显示画面中看到透明显示器背后的背景图像，当液晶扭转层中的液晶分子平行于透明显示装置排列时，液晶扭转层为不透明状，观察者在透明显示装置的显示画面中看不到透明显示器背后的背景图像，与液晶扭转层为透明状相比，此时透明显示装置的显示画面具有较高的显示对比度。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的透明显示器，其中，所述液晶扭转层覆盖所述透明显示装置的整个背面或者仅覆盖背面中的局部区域。
  3. 如权利要求1所述的透明显示器，其中，所述液晶扭转层包括相对设置的第一基板与第二基板、夹设于第一基板与第二基板之间的液晶层、设于所述第一基板朝向所述液晶层一面上的第一电极、及设于所述第二基板朝向所述液晶层一面上的第二电极；未对第一电极与第二电极施加电压时，所述液晶层中的液晶分子平行于透明显示装置排列，所述液晶层为不透明状；对第一电极与第二电极施加电压时，所述液晶层中的液晶分子垂直于透明显示装置排列，所述液晶层为透明状。
  4. 如权利要求3所述的透明显示器，其中，所述第一基板与第二基板为透明的玻璃基板或塑胶基板；所述第一电极与第二电极均为透明电极，所述透明电极的材料为透明金属氧化物。
  5. 如权利要求4所述的透明显示器，其中，所述透明金属氧化物为铟锡氧化物、铟锌氧化物、铝锡氧化物、铝锌氧化物、铟锗锌氧化物的一种或多种。
  6. 如权利要求1所述的透明显示器，其中，所述透明显示装置为透明有机电致发光显示装置或透明液晶显示装置。
  7. 如权利要求6所述的透明显示器，其中，所述透明有机电致发光显示装置包括薄膜晶体管阵列基板、封装结构、位于薄膜晶体管阵列基板和封装结构之间的有机发光二极管；所述有机发光二极管包括阳极、阴极及位于阳极和阴极之间的有机功能层，所述有机功能层至少包括一有机发光层。
  8. 如权利要求7所述的透明显示器，其中，所述有机功能层还包括空 穴注入层、空穴传输层、电子阻挡层、空穴阻挡层、电子传输层、电子注入层中的一层或多层。
  9. 如权利要求6所述的透明显示器，其中，所述透明液晶显示装置包括液晶显示面板、设于所述液晶显示面板上、下表面的上、下偏光片、及设于所述液晶显示面板下方的背光模组；所述液晶显示面板包括相对设置的彩色滤光片基板与薄膜晶体管基板、及夹设于彩色滤光片基板与薄膜晶体管基板之间的液晶层。
  10. 如权利要求9所述的透明显示器，其中，所述背光模组为侧入式背光模组或者直下式背光模组；所述侧入式背光模组包括背光源、及设于背光源侧方的导光板；所述直下式背光模组包括背光源、及设于所述背光源上方的扩散板。
  11. 一种透明显示器，包括透明显示装置、及设于透明显示装置背面的液晶扭转层，所述液晶扭转层中的液晶分子具有垂直于透明显示装置排列及平行于透明显示装置排列两种状态，当液晶扭转层中的液晶分子垂直于透明显示装置排列时，液晶扭转层为透明状，观察者可以在透明显示装置的显示画面中看到透明显示器背后的背景图像，当液晶扭转层中的液晶分子平行于透明显示装置排列时，液晶扭转层为不透明状，观察者在透明显示装置的显示画面中看不到透明显示器背后的背景图像，与液晶扭转层为透明状相比，此时透明显示装置的显示画面具有较高的显示对比度；
    其中，所述液晶扭转层覆盖所述透明显示装置的整个背面或者仅覆盖背面中的局部区域；
    其中，所述液晶扭转层包括相对设置的第一基板与第二基板、夹设于第一基板与第二基板之间的液晶层、设于所述第一基板朝向所述液晶层一面上的第一电极、及设于所述第二基板朝向所述液晶层一面上的第二电极；未对第一电极与第二电极施加电压时，所述液晶层中的液晶分子平行于透明显示装置排列，所述液晶层为不透明状；对第一电极与第二电极施加电压时，所述液晶层中的液晶分子垂直于透明显示装置排列，所述液晶层为透明状；
    其中，所述透明显示装置为透明有机电致发光显示装置或透明液晶显示装置。
  12. 如权利要求11所述的透明显示器，其中，所述第一基板与第二基板为透明的玻璃基板或塑胶基板；所述第一电极与第二电极均为透明电极，所述透明电极的材料为透明金属氧化物。
  13. 如权利要求12所述的透明显示器，其中，所述透明金属氧化物为 铟锡氧化物、铟锌氧化物、铝锡氧化物、铝锌氧化物、铟锗锌氧化物的一种或多种。
  14. 如权利要求11所述的透明显示器，其中，所述透明有机电致发光显示装置包括薄膜晶体管阵列基板、封装结构、位于薄膜晶体管阵列基板和封装结构之间的有机发光二极管；所述有机发光二极管包括阳极、阴极及位于阳极和阴极之间的有机功能层，所述有机功能层至少包括一有机发光层。
  15. 如权利要求14所述的透明显示器，其中，所述有机功能层还包括空穴注入层、空穴传输层、电子阻挡层、空穴阻挡层、电子传输层、电子注入层中的一层或多层。
  16. 如权利要求11所述的透明显示器，其中，所述透明液晶显示装置包括液晶显示面板、设于所述液晶显示面板上、下表面的上、下偏光片、及设于所述液晶显示面板下方的背光模组；所述液晶显示面板包括相对设置的彩色滤光片基板与薄膜晶体管基板、及夹设于彩色滤光片基板与薄膜晶体管基板之间的液晶层。
  17. 如权利要求16所述的透明显示器，其中，所述背光模组为侧入式背光模组或者直下式背光模组；所述侧入式背光模组包括背光源、及设于背光源侧方的导光板；所述直下式背光模组包括背光源、及设于所述背光源上方的扩散板。
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