WO2017117638A1

WO2017117638A1 - Structural arrangement in seed metering and conveying system, used in a sowing machine

Info

Publication number: WO2017117638A1
Application number: PCT/BR2016/000003
Authority: WO
Inventors: Miguel Humberto NOER
Original assignee: Noer Miguel Humberto
Priority date: 2016-01-08
Filing date: 2016-01-08
Publication date: 2017-07-13

Abstract

A structural arrangement is described for a seed metering and conveying system used in a sowing machine, comprising a flighted belt (40) with specific angles and spacings having a triangular or rectangular shape, coupled to a vacuum seed metering device (20) having a gear box (50) which allows the number of parts to be reduced, without needing to use electric motors and electronic control modules, providing a compact and simplified product that is protected from the weather. The seeds can thus be led from the selection system to the sowing furrow in the soil by a conveyor structure (10), limiting the acceleration of the seeds due to gravity and preventing the seeds from being immediately and irregularly deposited in the sowing furrow. In addition, the use of a seed feeding and guiding belt (18) together with the flighted belt (40) renders the flow of seeds more uniform when they enter the spacings in the flighted belt (40), arranging the seeds at equal distances from each other and with an exact spacing on the soil. The exchangeable ramp (70) makes it possible to adjust better the manner of sowing, according to the speed required, improving the variation coefficient and maintaining it at a more desirable level.

Description

CONSTRUCTIVE ARRANGEMENT IN SEED DOSER AND CARRIER SYSTEM APPLIED IN SEEDER

01 This utility model refers to a constructive arrangement in a seed feeder and seed conveyor system. More specifically, it comprises a chiseled belt provided with triangular or rectangular shaped angled and specific spacings which is coupled to a vacuum seed dispenser fitted with a gear box which enables a reduction in the number of parts without the need to use electric motors and electronic control modules, making the product compact, simplified and protected from the weather. Thus, allowing the seeds to be carried from the selector system to the sowing line in the soil, limiting the acceleration of gravity in the seed and preventing their immediate and uneven deposition in the sowing line. In addition, the belt ensures good flexibility without damaging the seeds.

02 In seed planting, it is known that the quality and distribution of seeds in the soil are fundamental for good performance, it is estimated that for each percentage of planting failure (pit without seed) or for each percentage of "double" in the soil. planting (two seeds per pit) for each linear 5m, there is a loss of 3.3% in productivity.

Normally, sowing machines for planting comprise a seed conduit tube from the selector system to the sowing furrow. The seed is transported from the conductive tube into the system, falling in free fall from an average height of seven hundred millimeters to the sowing furrow, this system besides generating a distribution unevenness and the aft coefficient of variation. Due to the disordered fall of the seed, it does not have any regulating device to control the deposition of the seed and it can also have sensors in the center of the conductive tube that prevent the seed from sliding straight into the sowing groove, disunifying its deposition.

The prior art discloses some patent documents describing seed conveyor systems utilizing belts and vacuum seed dispensers that allow the conduction of seeds in an orderly and spaced manner, as we can analyze in detail:

US6681706 describes an apparatus provided with a controlled seed delivery method between the seed meter of an agricultural planter to an open seeder furrow. The seeds are received individually and then directed to the ground through one or more conveyor belts with a controlled speed that allows the seed to be gently released into the soil.

The document cited describes a seed conducting system that describes one or more belts having predetermined spacings that direct the seeds to the soil in an orderly manner using a vacuum metering system. However, this system has several drawbacks because the simple conveyor belt has a very high predetermined spacing which hinders accuracy and has a very high clearance between seed deposition along the taliscas. In addition, this system captures the seeds from the doser and carries them to the ground, but at a low speed of seed release to the ground causing them to bounce or roll in the furrow, as there is Compensation of the drop speed in vertical fall with the speed of displacement of the horizontal seeder causing large variation in the distance between seeds with high and unwanted coefficient of variation mainly at higher planting speeds (greater than 5km / h).

Thus, the system cited in the state of the art does not solve the problem of the orderly deposition of the planting, as it presents a great change in the coefficient of variation at the moment of seed deposition next to the soil, due to the distance and degree of inclination of the belt taliscas. which generates great inaccuracy of seed deposition near the ground and the low belt speed in relation to the machine travel speed.

08 US20140230705 describes a seed supply apparatus for providing a seed surface for planting provided with a seed meter configured to drag and drop seed from a disc at a seed launching location, a seed conveyor. seeds arranged to receive and release the seed next to a belt having predetermined spaces that direct the seeds to the ground and a loading wheel arranged adjacent to said seed release site, the system being provided with a set of sensors which enable the control of seed deposition near the soil. ?

The document cited describes a seed conductive system which describes a belt having predetermined spacings that direct the seeds to the soil in an orderly manner by using a vacuum metering system. However, this system has several drawbacks due to having to use two electric motors that separately drive the vacuum feeder and the seed conductor. This system also requires two electric motors and speed sensors, each motor rotating independently of the other, requiring electronic controllers for each motor and belt seed sensors. This makes the system very expensive because it uses many expensive electronic systems, and uses many wires and cables on planters lines that are exposed to weather and subject to breakage, breakage and poor contact, making it difficult to use and causing planting stops.

On the other hand, cited document (US20140230705) describes the use of two loading wheels for the conveyor belt, where it has the disadvantage of not capturing seeds of different sizes or shapes evenly, as larger seeds are picked up before smaller seeds, resulting in an irregular and uneven feeding of the conveyor belt, directly influencing the distance of seeds release to the soil with undesirable increase of the coefficient of variation. In addition, the system must be connected to the tractor's power supply or require an extra generator for its operation, because the system is fully electronic. Thus, the energy consumption of this equipment is high and the speed of seed release to the soil occurs through various calculations between sensors and modules to achieve seed release with "dead drop" or no ground inertia. In addition, it should be noted that the described gears are coupled to an electric motor that serves only to move the conveyor system while the doser is driven by a motor. own and independent electric power system making its operation complex.

011 In addition, this system describes a vacuum dosing system that features a large number of parts, increasing the likelihood of system failures and downtime due to constant use of equipment in a harsh environment.

Thus, the documents described in the state of the art cite the use of spaced conveyor belts, where the differentiation between the systems is in the new configurations and the seed deposition systems on the belts, seeking to limit the acceleration of the gravity in the seed and prevent its immediate and uneven deposition in the sowing line, aiming to reduce the coefficient of variation and increase the yield.

For this reason, the present utility model features a conveyor system with a taliscus belt provided with specific triangular or rectangular shaped angles and spacings coupled to a vacuum seed dispenser, with both the conveyor system and the vacuum dosing system. they are driven by a gearbox with a single drive shaft for the entire assembly. The taliscus belt allows the seeds to be driven from the selector system to the planting groove with release speed according to the planter speed preventing seeds from jumping or rolling in the groove as they are thrown in the opposite direction to the planter's displacement. a "dead drop" (no inertia) and a low coefficient of variation. 014 In addition, the use of a seed feeder and aligner belt in conjunction with the taliscus belt running in the same direction of direction smoothens and uniformizes the collection of seeds of varying sizes, constantly close to the seed selector disc, equalizing the distance from seeds at the time of release to the soil with consequent improvement in the coefficient of variation and crop productivity. The use of a single gearbox to drive both the conveyor system and the vacuum feeder on a single shaft allows a greater number of drive systems to be applied to the planters, such as chains, cables, hydraulic motor and electric motor.

015 With this, it is proposed in the present utility model, a simplified system, with a low manufacturing cost, versatile, more efficient and better adapted to the planting speed preferences of the farmers, since there is no need to use the electronics in this system. .

016 On the other hand, the seed release ramp to the soil is replaceable, allowing the grower to choose at what speed he wants to plant; if you want to use a lower speed you can use a straight ramp with a higher angle to the ground, dropping the seeds between the groove opening discs and if you want to plant at high speed you can use a smaller angle release ramp to throw the seeds. seeds out of the opening discs of the planting furrow to reduce seed inertia, preventing them from rolling or jumping when in contact with the soil, improving the coefficient of variation. 017 These characteristics promote the highest precision and lowest seed fatigue between the spacing spaces when compared to the equipment described in the state of the art.

018 Characteristic of the utility model is a constructive arrangement in seed dispenser and seed conveyor system which provides a taliscus belt having a triangular or rectangular shape.

019 Characteristic of the utility model is a constructive arrangement in a seed dispenser and seed conveyor system which provides a spliced belt which has a spacing between 10 and 20 mm.

020 Characteristic of the utility model is a constructive arrangement in a seed dispenser and seed conveyor system which provides a taliscus belt having a width between 10 and 20 mm of each taliscus.

021 Characteristic of the utility model is a constructive arrangement in seed dispenser and seed conveyor system which provides a vacuum seed dispenser system with a gear box which makes the doser and conveyor drive more compact, simplified, versatile and low cost.

022 Characteristic of the utility model is a constructive arrangement in a seed dispenser and seed conveyor system which provides a belt, pulley and gear system that enables the orderly movement of the entire system.

023 The characteristic of the utility model is a constructive arrangement in a seed feeder and seed conveyor system which provides for the use of the endowed conveyor system. belts and gears in any type of planter drive system.

024 The characteristic of the utility model is a constructive arrangement in a seed dispenser and seed conveyor system which provides for the use of a seed feeder and aligner belt in conjunction with the taliscus belt which allows uniformity and equalization of the flow of seeds between the taliscas of the seed. taliscus strap.

025 The characteristic of the utility model is a constructive arrangement in a seed dispenser and seed conveyor system that provides the use of an exchangeable seed release ramp for the sowing furrow that allows the seed steering angle to be adjusted according to the seed speed. planting used.

026 In order to better describe the technical characteristics of the constructive arrangement in seed feeder and seed conveyor system, the following figures are presented:

Figure 1 shows the perspective view of the seed conveyor system through a vacuum-controlled taliscus conveyor belt.

Figure 2 shows the side view of the seed conveyor system through a vacuum-controlled taliscus conveyor belt.

Figure 3 shows the top view of the seed conveyor system by means of a vacuum-controlled taliscus conveyor belt. 030 Figure 4 shows the front view of the vacuum seed conveyor system and Figure 4A details the taliscus belt and feed belt.

Figure 5 shows the exploded view of the seed conveyor system through a vacuum-metered taliscus belt applied to a seeder.

032 Figure 6 shows the perspective view of the gearbox, demonstrating the internally arranged gear assembly.

033 Figure 7 shows the top view of the gear assembly.

Figure 8 shows the front view of the gearbox, demonstrating the internally arranged gear assembly.

Figure 9 shows the rear view of the gearbox demonstrating the internally arranged gear assembly.

Figure 10 shows the perspective view of the gearbox disposed next to the seed disk and taliscus belt.

037 Figure 11 shows the front view of the taliscus belt detailing its dimensions.

038 Figure 12 shows the perspective view of the seed conveyor system through a seeding belt applied to a seeder, provided with a drive system that replaces the gearbox, and is optionally used.

The seed arrangement and seed conveyor arrangement of the present utility model comprises a conveyor structure (10) provided with a lid (11) disposed next to a structure of the seed doser assembly (20) provided with cover (21) which receives a disc of seeds (30), with the whole set attached to the structure of the sower.

040 The conveyor structure (10) has spacings for securing the taliscus belt (40) through a gear (12) disposed on the upper portion and a gear (13) disposed on the lower portion provided with tensioner (14), coil spring (15). ) and guide (19) holding the belt (40) taut, allowing the belt (40) to move within the conveyor structure (10).

041 The gear (12) disposed on the upper portion of the conveyor frame (10) is interconnected next to the gearbox (50) through the shaft (121) disposed on the rear face of the frame (20) of the metering assembly, allowing movement of the strap (40).

042 The gearbox (50) internally has a set of gears which are driven by a drive gear (60) disposed on the outer portion of the housing (50), said gear (60) which is interconnected with a main gear (51) and smaller gear (51 ') through the drive shaft (61), promoting the movement of the gear assembly and hence the synchronized movement of the seed disc (30), taliscus belt (40) and feeder belt (18 ).

043 The main gear (51) provided with gear (51 ') rotates clockwise due to movement by the drive gear (60), passing this movement to smaller size gear (52') which is interconnected by the same shaft to gear ( 52) by moving both gears (52 'and 52) counterclockwise. 044 Gear (52) transmits its movement to gear (53) and gear (54 ') both smaller in size and both moving clockwise.

045 Gear (53) is interconnected next to gear (12) through shaft (121), moving belt (40) clockwise.

046 Gear (54 ') is interconnected with the larger-sized, clockwise-moving gear (54), and is connected with the smaller-sized, (counter-clockwise) gear (55) transmitting its movement to the pulley drive (16) through the shaft (161), promoting the movement of the feeder belt (18).

047 The smaller gear (51 ') that is interconnected with gear (51) transmits its movement to gear (56) counterclockwise. Said gear 56 is provided with smaller size gear 56 'arranged on the same shaft, and gear 56' transmits its movement to the clockwise moving gear 57.

048 The gear (57) transmits its movement to the seed disk (30) through the drive shaft (32), allowing the seed disk (30) to move clockwise.

049 Thus, the gearbox (50) allows the seed disc (30) and taliscus belt (40) to be moved clockwise and the feeder belt (18) to move counterclockwise, promoting tuning in the deposition of the seeds. seeds near the belt (40) steadily and smoothly without peaks, jumps or delays of the seeds. 050 The structure of the metering assembly (20) provided with lid (21) allows the arrangement of a seed selector disc (30) provided with spacings (31) which assist in the movement of the seeds to the belt (40), said structure (20). ) which has in the upper portion spacing (23) for arrangement of the seed box.

051 The lid (21) is fixed close to the frame (20) to provide complete sealing, allowing the vacuum pump to be arranged near the opening (211) promoting the deposition of seeds near the spacings (31) of the seed disc (30).

052 The belt (40) has a belt (41) positioned at an angle of 90 ° to its toothed base, and the belt (41) is triangular or rectangular in shape allowing good flexibility without damaging the seeds.

053 The belt (40) has a distance between the taliscas (41) of 10 to 20mm (42), said taliscas (41) which have a height between 10 to 15mm (43) which ensures a better deposition of seeds close to the ground. .

054 The constructive arrangement in a belt-loaded seed conveyor system with a vacuum feeder applied to a seeder presents the beginning of its rotational movement by the drive gear (60), interconnected with the planter drive system, moving the shaft (61 ) interconnecting the main gear (51) of the gearbox (50), transmitting the movement to the seed disc (30) and taliscal belt (40) clockwise, and transmitting the movement to the feed belt (18) counterclockwise.

055 The clockwise moving seed selector disc (30) receives the vacuum through the opening (211) of the lid (21), performing the suction of the seed that enters the structure (20) through the deposit (23) which receives the disposition of the seed box. Thus, the seeds are suctioned by vacuum to the spacings (31) of the seed disc (30), capturing the seeds and allowing their movement with the dosing structure (20). Said metering structure (20) has double seed organizers and eliminators (24), avoiding the deposition of more than one seed by spacing (31) and keeping the seeds until the position of 3 to 5 hours from which the vacuum is cut, directing the seeds to the taliscus belt (40).

056 The taliscus belt (40) receives its movement through the gear (12) interconnected through the shaft (121) to the gearbox gear (53), which moves the taliscal belt (40) clockwise.

057 The feeder belt (18) receives its movement through the gear (16) interconnected through the shaft (161) to the gearbox gear (55) (50), which move the feeder belt (18) counterclockwise. Said feeder belt (18) enables the seeds to be accommodated between the rows constantly and smoothly without peaks, jumps or delays of the seeds.

058 With this, the seeds are moved by the taliscal belt (40) clockwise, transporting the seeds between the taliscas to the adjustable ramp (70), from which the seeds are directed in the opposite direction of the planter's displacement to the planting furrow. .

059 Adjustable ramp (70) allows different angles of loosening of seeds carried by the taliscus belt (40) relative to the It is possible to adjust the ramp (70) according to the speed of the belt (40), so that the seed release angle is higher at low speed and smaller at higher speed, obtaining better control of the distance between seeds. .

060 Optionally, the gearbox (50) can be driven by chains, electric motor, hydraulic motor or cable, interconnected with the shaft (61).

Optionally, the vacuum selector system and the conveyor system may utilize a counter-clockwise toothed gear assembly (200), rotating a clockwise double gear (202), said gear (202) which rotates the counterclockwise gear (201) as a rotary motion transmission assembly, this gear assembly (200, 201 and 202) can replace the use of gearbox (50) while maintaining a single drive shaft from all over the seed conveyor and feeder assembly as described in figure 12.

Optionally, the conveyor system allows coupling to pneumatic feeders using pressurized air through a turbine that performs positive pressure within the system.

Claims

CLAIMS:

1. CONSTRUCTIVE ARRANGEMENT IN SEED-SEED DOSING AND CARRIER SYSTEM comprising a conveyor structure (10) provided with a lid (11) disposed next to a structure of the seed doser assembly (20) provided with a lid (21) which receives a seed disk (30), said conveyor structure (10) provided with spacings for the attachment of the taliscus belt (40), characterized in that the taliscal belt (40) is fixed by a gear (12) disposed on the upper portion and a gear ( 13) arranged in the lower portion provided with turnbuckle (14), spiral spring (15) and guide (19), said gear (12) interconnected next to the gearbox (50) through the shaft (121) disposed on the rear face of the frame. (20) of the dosing assembly; said gearbox (50) internally has a set of gears (51, 51 ', 52, 52', 53, 54, 54 ', 55, 56 and 57) which are driven by a drive gear (60) disposed in the outer portion of the housing (50), said gear (60) which is interconnected to the main gear (51) and smaller size gear (51 '), through the drive shaft (61), gear assembly drive and synchronized drive seed disc (30), taliscan belt (40) and feeder belt (18); said seed disc (30) provided with spacings (31) which assist in the movement of the seeds to the belt (40), said taliscal belt (40) provided with taliscas (41) positioned at an angle of 90 ° to its base notched, the taliscas (41) being of triangular or rectangular shape; said feeder belt (18) moving through the gear (16) interconnected through the shaft (161) next to the gear (55) of the gearbox (50), which move the feeder belt (18) counterclockwise, accommodating the seeds between the taliscas steadily and smoothly up to the adjustable ramp (70) with varying angles of release of the seeds carried by the taliscus belt (40) from ground level.

CONSTRUCTIVE ARRANGEMENT IN SEEDER SEEDING AND CARRIER SYSTEM according to claim 1, characterized in that the main gear (51) is provided with gear (51 ') which rotates clockwise due to the movement made by the driving gear ( 60) by passing this movement to the smaller gear (52 ') which is interconnected by the same shaft to the gear (52), moving both gears (52' and 52) counterclockwise.

CONSTRUCTIVE ARRANGEMENT IN SEEDER SEEDING AND CARRIER SYSTEM according to claims 1 and 2, characterized in that the gear (52) transmits its movement to the smaller gear (53) and gear (54 ') sizing and both moving clockwise.

CONSTRUCTIVE ARRANGEMENT IN SEEDER SEEDING AND CARRIER SYSTEM according to claim 3, characterized in that the gear (53) is interconnected with the gear (12) through shaft (121), moving belt (40) clockwise.

CONSTRUCTIVE ARRANGEMENT IN SEED-SEED DOSING AND CARRIER SYSTEM according to claim 4, characterized in that the gear (54 ') is connected to the larger gear, which moves clockwise, being interconnected to smaller gear (55), which moves counterclockwise transmitting its movement to the drive pulley (16) through the shaft (161), promoting the movement of the feeder belt (18).

CONSTRUCTIVE ARRANGEMENT IN SEEDER SEEDING AND CARRIER SYSTEM according to claim 5, characterized in that the smaller gear (51 ') is interconnected with gear (51), which transmits its movement to gear (56) in counter-clockwise, said gear (56) which is provided with smaller size gear (56 ') disposed on the same axis, and the gear (56') transmits its movement to the gear (57) which moves towards schedule.

CONSTRUCTIVE ARRANGEMENT IN SEEDER SEEDING AND CARRIER SYSTEM according to claim 6, characterized in that the gear (57) transmits its movement to the seed disc (30) through the transmission shaft (32), allowing the seed disc movement (30) clockwise.

CONSTRUCTIVE ARRANGEMENT IN SEED FILLING AND CARRIER SYSTEM according to the preceding claims, characterized in that the gearbox (50) permits the movement of the seed disc (30) and taliscus belt (40) clockwise and counter-clockwise movement of the feeder belt (18), providing constant and smooth tuning of seed deposition to the belt (40) without peal, bounce or delay of the seeds.

CONSTRUCTIVE ARRANGEMENT OF SEED APPLIED SEED DOSER AND CARRIER SYSTEM according to claim 1, characterized in that the release ramp (70) can be adjusted according to the speed of the belt (40) so that the angle of seed release larger at low speed and smaller at higher speed, obtaining better control of the distance between the seeds.

CONSTRUCTIVE ARRANGEMENT IN SEEDER SEED DOSER AND CARRIER SYSTEM according to claim 1, characterized in that the cover (21) is fixed to the frame (20) to provide complete sealing, allowing the vacuum pump arranged along opening (21) promoting seed deposition along seed disc spacing (31)

. (30).

CONSTRUCTIVE ARRANGEMENT IN SEED-SEED DOSING AND CARRIER SYSTEM according to claim 1, characterized in the belt (40) has a distance between the taliscas (41) of 10 to 20mm (42), said taliscas (41) which have a height between 10 to 15mm (43) which ensures the deposition of the seeds near the soil.

CONSTRUCTIVE ARRANGEMENT IN SEEDLER DOSING AND CARRIER SYSTEM according to claim 1, characterized in that the gearbox (50) is optionally driven by chains, electric motor, hydraulic motor or cable, interconnected together. to the shaft (61).

CONSTRUCTIVE ARRANGEMENT IN SEEDER SEED DOSING AND CARRIER SYSTEM according to claim 1, characterized in that the vacuum sieve system and the conveyor system optionally use an anti-clockwise toothed gear assembly (200). clockwise, by rotating a double gear (202) clockwise, said gear (202) which rotates gear (201) counterclockwise as a rotational motion transmission assembly, this gear assembly (200, 201 and 202 ) can replace the use of gearbox (50) while maintaining a single drive shaft of the entire seed conveyor and feeder assembly.