WO2017113064A1 - 信息发送方法、信息接收方法、装置及系统 - Google Patents

信息发送方法、信息接收方法、装置及系统 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2017113064A1
WO2017113064A1 PCT/CN2015/099222 CN2015099222W WO2017113064A1 WO 2017113064 A1 WO2017113064 A1 WO 2017113064A1 CN 2015099222 W CN2015099222 W CN 2015099222W WO 2017113064 A1 WO2017113064 A1 WO 2017113064A1
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Prior art keywords
time
backoff
cca
backoff time
duration
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PCT/CN2015/099222
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
张涛
于峰
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华为技术有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
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Publication date
Application filed by 华为技术有限公司 filed Critical 华为技术有限公司
Priority to PCT/CN2015/099222 priority Critical patent/WO2017113064A1/zh
Priority to EP15911695.3A priority patent/EP3386260B1/en
Priority to CN201580084124.5A priority patent/CN108353431B/zh
Publication of WO2017113064A1 publication Critical patent/WO2017113064A1/zh
Priority to US16/019,932 priority patent/US10645725B2/en

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W74/00—Wireless channel access
    • H04W74/08—Non-scheduled access, e.g. ALOHA
    • H04W74/0808—Non-scheduled access, e.g. ALOHA using carrier sensing, e.g. carrier sense multiple access [CSMA]
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L5/00—Arrangements affording multiple use of the transmission path
    • H04L5/003—Arrangements for allocating sub-channels of the transmission path
    • H04L5/0048—Allocation of pilot signals, i.e. of signals known to the receiver
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W52/00—Power management, e.g. TPC [Transmission Power Control], power saving or power classes
    • H04W52/02—Power saving arrangements
    • H04W52/0209—Power saving arrangements in terminal devices
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W72/00—Local resource management
    • H04W72/04—Wireless resource allocation
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W74/00—Wireless channel access
    • H04W74/002—Transmission of channel access control information
    • H04W74/006—Transmission of channel access control information in the downlink, i.e. towards the terminal
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W74/00—Wireless channel access
    • H04W74/08—Non-scheduled access, e.g. ALOHA
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02D—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES [ICT], I.E. INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES AIMING AT THE REDUCTION OF THEIR OWN ENERGY USE
    • Y02D30/00—Reducing energy consumption in communication networks
    • Y02D30/70—Reducing energy consumption in communication networks in wireless communication networks

Definitions

  • the embodiments of the present invention relate to the field of communications, and in particular, to an information sending method, an information receiving method, an apparatus, and a system.
  • Wireless communication between the two devices requires the use of a wireless spectrum.
  • the wireless spectrum is roughly divided into: licensed (Licensed) spectrum and un-licensed (Un-licensed) spectrum.
  • the network device When using the unlicensed spectrum for wireless communication, the network device needs to perform clear channel assessment (CCA) on the channel using the unlicensed spectrum; if the evaluation result is that the channel is in the non-idle state, it indicates that the channel is being used by other If the evaluation result is that the channel is in an idle state, the network device first uses the channel to send a pilot to the terminal device, and then uses the channel to send data of the current frame to the terminal device, or receives the terminal device on the channel. The data of the current frame sent.
  • a frame occupies a fixed time period, and the time period is composed of two parts.
  • the network device sends a pilot to the terminal device, and in the second part of the time, the network device sends data to or receives the data from the terminal device. data.
  • the entire process of the network equipment to carry out CCA is called the listen before talk (LBT) process. Since the number of CCAs in each LBT process is uncertain, the length of time spent on the LBT process is also uncertain. In addition, the length of time each time the CCA is spent is usually a fixed duration or an unfixed duration.
  • the terminal device When the network device is in the LBT process, the terminal device needs to listen on the channel all the time to receive the pilot and data sent by the network device. If the LBT process takes a long time and the terminal device is powered by a battery, a large amount of power of the terminal device is wasted.
  • the embodiment of the invention provides an information sending method, an information receiving method, a device and a system.
  • the technical solution is as follows:
  • an embodiment of the present invention provides a method for sending and receiving information, where the method includes: The device determines a backoff time of the current frame; the network device performs an idle channel evaluation CCA on the channel at the end time of the backoff time, and obtains an evaluation result of the CCA; when the CCA evaluates that the channel is idle In the state, the network device uses the channel to send a pilot; after transmitting the pilot, the network device uses the channel to send data of the current frame to the terminal device, or receives the channel on the channel. The data of the current frame sent by the terminal device.
  • the terminal device determines the backoff time of the current frame, and listens to the channel according to the backoff time, and starts to detect the channel only when the network device may send the pilot and the data to the terminal device. Listening, in the other time period when the network device cannot send the pilot and the data to the terminal device, the channel is not monitored or enters the sleep state, the listening time of the terminal device to the channel is reduced, and the terminal device is reduced due to the interception. The amount of battery power consumed.
  • the method further includes: the network device sending an indication to the terminal device Signaling, the indication signaling is used to indicate the backoff time. Therefore, the terminal device can determine, according to the backoff time, at which time the network device may send the pilot, and listen to the channel at these moments, and at which time the network device does not send the pilot; the channel is not intercepted and goes to sleep at these moments. status. The terminal device does not have to continuously listen to the channel, so that the listening time is reduced, thereby reducing the battery power consumed by the terminal device due to the interception.
  • the indication signaling includes at least: a duration of each of the N backoff times, where N is a positive integer; or, a duration of the specified backoff time among the N backoff times, And a duration relationship between the designated backoff time and the backoff time of the N of the backoff times except the specified backoff time, wherein the duration relationship is an exponential relationship, a multiple relationship or an equal sequence relationship, and N is positive Integer.
  • the network device determines the duration of the specified backoff time in the N backoff times, and determines the duration relationship between the other backoff time and the specified backoff time, and sends the specified backoff time duration and the determined duration relationship to the terminal device by using the indication signaling. The amount of data that needs to be carried by the indication signaling can be reduced.
  • the indication signaling further includes: a duration L cca of the CCA corresponding to each of the backoff times.
  • the network device also sends the time length of the CCA corresponding to each backoff time to the terminal device by using the indication signaling.
  • the terminal device detects the terminal device after the end time of the CCA by determining the duration of the backoff time and the duration of the corresponding CCA. Further, the listening time of the terminal device to the channel is further reduced, and the battery power consumed by the terminal device due to the interception is further reduced.
  • the indication signaling further comprising: retracting the maximum number N max of time. Determining a backoff time by the maximum number N max network device and transmitting to the terminal device by indicating signaling, N max times when the first assessment of the CCA network equipment is still in a non-idle state of the channel, the network device transmits the current frame is abandoned The data directly performs the backoff of the next frame, preventing the network device from spending too much time in the LBT process of the current frame, and delaying the communication of the next frame of data.
  • the network device determines a backoff time of the current frame, including: the result of the evaluation of the i-1th CCA is that the channel is in In the non-idle state, determining that the start time of the i th the backoff time is equal to ET i-1 , determining that the end time of the i th the backoff time is equal to the sum of the ET i-1 and L i Time, wherein the ET i-1 is an end time of the i-1th CCA, and the i-1th CCA is a CCA performed at an end time of the i-1th backoff time,
  • the L i is the duration of the i-th backoff time, and i is a positive integer greater than or equal to 2.
  • the network device determines a backoff time of the current frame, including: detecting whether i is greater than the maximum number when the evaluation result of the i-1th CCA is that the channel is in a non-idle state N max ; if the i is not greater than the maximum number N max , determining that the start time of the i th the backoff time is equal to ET i-1 , and the end time of the i th back time is equal to the ET a time corresponding to the sum of i-1 and L i ; wherein the ET i-1 is an end time of the i-1th CCA, and the i-1th CCA is at the i-1th The CCA performed at the end time of the backoff time, wherein L i is the duration of the i-th backoff time of the current frame, and i is a positive integer greater than or equal to 2.
  • the method further includes: if the i is greater than the maximum number N max , determining the first one of the next frame The start time of the backoff time is equal to the time corresponding to the sum of the ET i-1 and the L frame , and determining that the end time of the first backoff time in the next frame is equal to the ET i-1 , the L and L 1 are three of the frame and the corresponding time point; wherein the L is the frame length occupied by one, to L 1 is the first one of the backoff time duration of the next frame, i of Is a positive integer greater than or equal to 2.
  • a second aspect provides a method for transmitting and receiving information, where the method includes: determining, by a terminal device, a backoff time of a current frame, where the backoff time is a backoff time before the network device performs an idle channel assessment CCA; The back-off time is to listen to the channel; if the terminal device detects the pilot transmitted by the network device on the channel, the terminal device receives the network setting And transmitting data of the current frame on the channel, or transmitting data of the current frame to the network device on the channel.
  • the terminal device determines the backoff time of the current frame, and listens to the channel according to the backoff time, and starts to listen to the channel only when the network device may send the pilot and the data to the terminal device, where the network device cannot reach the terminal device.
  • the channel is not monitored or enters a sleep state, which reduces the listening time of the terminal device to the channel, and reduces the battery power consumed by the terminal device due to the interception.
  • the method before the terminal device determines the backoff time of the current frame, the method further includes: the terminal device receiving the indication signaling sent by the network device, where the indication signaling is used to indicate the backoff time.
  • the indication signaling includes at least: a duration of each of the N backoff times, where N is a positive integer; or, a duration of the specified backoff time among the N backoff times, And a duration relationship between the specified backoff time and a backoff time other than the specified backoff time among the N backoff times, wherein the duration relationship is an exponential relationship, a multiple relationship, or an equal sequence relationship.
  • the terminal device receives the duration of the specified backoff time in the N backoff times in the indication signaling, and the duration relationship between the designated backoff time and the other backoff times in the N backoff times, and thereby determines the duration of each backoff time. Reduce the amount of data that needs to be carried in the indication signaling.
  • the indication signaling further includes: a duration L cca of the CCA corresponding to each of the backoff times.
  • the terminal device detects the terminal device from the end time of the CCA by determining the duration of the backoff time and the duration of the corresponding CCA, thereby further reducing the detection of the channel by the terminal device. Listening to the time reduces the amount of battery power consumed by the terminal device due to interception.
  • the indication signaling further includes: a maximum number N max of the backoff times.
  • the terminal device determines a backoff time of the current frame, including: not listening to the i-1th interception.
  • the start time of the i th back time is equal to ET i-1
  • the end time of the i th back time is determined to be equal to the sum of the ET i-1 and L i a time period in which the ET i-1 is an end time of the i-1th CCA, and the i-1th CCA is a CCA performed at an end time of the i-1th backoff time.
  • said L i is the i-th duration of the wait time
  • i is a positive integer greater than or equal to 2.
  • the terminal device determines a backoff time of the current frame, including: when the pilot is not detected in the i-1th interception, detecting whether i is greater than the maximum number N Max ; if the i is not greater than the maximum number N max , determining that the start time of the i th the backoff time is equal to ET i-1 , and the end time of the i th back time is equal to the ET i a time corresponding to a sum of -1 and L i ; wherein the ET i-1 is an end time of the i-1th CCA, and the i-1th CCA is at an i-1th The CCA performed at the end time of the backoff time, where L i is the duration of the ith backoff time of the current frame, and i is a positive integer greater than or equal to 2.
  • the method includes: if the i is greater than the maximum number N max , determining the first backing in the next frame The start time of the time is equal to the time corresponding to the sum of the ET i-1 and the L frame , and determining that the end time of the first backoff time in the next frame is equal to the ET i-1 a time corresponding to a sum of the L frame and the L 1 ; wherein the L frame is a duration occupied by a frame, and the L 1 is a duration of a first backoff time of the next frame, where i is A positive integer greater than or equal to 2.
  • the first terminal device is still not N max times listener listens to the pilot, the current frame is discarded data transceiver, directly into the sleep state, according to the wait time until the next listening frame, to avoid network device in the current frame
  • the LBT process takes too long to delay the communication of the next frame of data.
  • the terminal device listens to the channel according to the backoff time, including: the terminal device starts to listen after the end time of the backoff time, and the interception does not exceed the scheduled detection. Listening duration; wherein the predetermined listening duration is a default duration or a length of time pre-configured by the network device.
  • the terminal device listens to the channel according to the backoff time
  • the method includes: the terminal device starts after a time corresponding to a sum of an end time of the backoff time and a sum of L cca Listening, the listening does not exceed the scheduled listening duration.
  • the L cca is the duration of the CCA corresponding to the backoff time
  • the predetermined listening duration is a default duration or a length of time preconfigured by the network device.
  • the terminal device detects the terminal device from the end time of the CCA by determining the duration of the backoff time and the duration of the corresponding CCA, further reducing the listening time of the terminal device to the channel, and further reducing the terminal device's detection. The battery power consumed.
  • a third aspect provides a network device, where the network device has a function of implementing network device behavior in the information receiving and receiving method provided by the foregoing first aspect, and the function may be implemented by using hardware, or may be implemented by hardware.
  • the hardware or software includes one or more of the above functions Corresponding module.
  • a fourth aspect provides a terminal device, where the terminal device has a function of implementing the behavior of the terminal device in the method for transmitting and receiving information provided by the foregoing second aspect, and the function may be implemented by using hardware, or may be implemented by using hardware.
  • the hardware or software includes one or more modules corresponding to the functions described above.
  • an information transceiving system comprising the network device provided by the third aspect and the terminal device provided by the fourth aspect.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an information transceiving system according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of an information transceiving method according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 3 is a flowchart of a method for transmitting and receiving information according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 3A is a flowchart of a method for transmitting and receiving information according to another exemplary embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 is a flowchart of a method for transmitting and receiving information according to another exemplary embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 5 is a flowchart of a method for transmitting and receiving information according to another exemplary embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 5A is a flowchart of a method for transmitting and receiving information according to another exemplary embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 6 is a timing diagram of another exemplary embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 7A is a flowchart of a method for transmitting and receiving information according to another exemplary embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 7B is a flowchart of a method for transmitting and receiving information according to another exemplary embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 8 is a flowchart of a method for transmitting and receiving information according to another exemplary embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 9 is a timing diagram of another exemplary embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 10 is a block diagram of an information transceiver apparatus according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 11 is a block diagram of an information transceiver apparatus according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 12 is a block diagram of an information transceiving system provided by an exemplary embodiment of the present invention.
  • the terminal device may be a device that provides voice and/or data connectivity to a user, a handheld device with a wireless connection function, or other processing device connected to a wireless modem.
  • the terminal device can communicate with one or more core networks via a Radio Access Network (RAN), and the terminal device can be a mobile terminal, such as a mobile phone (or "cellular" phone) and a computer with a mobile terminal.
  • RAN Radio Access Network
  • the terminal device can be a mobile terminal, such as a mobile phone (or "cellular" phone) and a computer with a mobile terminal.
  • RAN Radio Access Network
  • it may be a portable, pocket, handheld, computer built-in or in-vehicle mobile device that exchanges language and/or data with a wireless access network.
  • the terminal device may also be referred to as a system, a Subscriber Unit, a Subscriber Station, a Mobile Station, a Mobile, a Remote Station, an Access Point, Remote Terminal, Access Terminal, User Terminal, User Agent, User Device, or User Equipment.
  • PCS Personal Communication Service
  • SIP Session Initiation Protocol
  • WLL Wireless Local Loop
  • PDA Personal Digital Assistant
  • the network device in the embodiment of the present invention may be a base station, where the base station may be used to convert the received air frame and the IP packet into a router between the terminal device and the rest of the access network, where the access network
  • the rest of the network can include an Internet Protocol (IP) network.
  • IP Internet Protocol
  • the base station can also coordinate attribute management of the air interface.
  • the base station may be a base station (BTS, Base Transceiver Station) in GSM or CDMA, or may be a base station (NodeB) in WCDMA, or may be an evolved base station (eNB or e-NodeB, evolutional Node B) in LTE. This application is not limited.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an information transceiving system according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention.
  • the information transceiving system includes: a network device 120 and a terminal device 140.
  • Network device 120 is a network element in the system that interacts with terminal device 140.
  • the system is a mobile communication system.
  • the system is a Wireless Fidelity (WIFI) system.
  • WIFI Wireless Fidelity
  • Network device 120 and terminal device 140 communicate over channel 160.
  • the letter Channel 160 is a channel that employs unlicensed spectrum or licensed shared access (LSA).
  • the authorized shared spectrum is the licensed spectrum used by at least two operators in a shared manner, and the shared spectrum is used in a similar manner to the unlicensed spectrum.
  • the terminal device 140 is an electronic device having wireless network communication capabilities.
  • the network device 120 is an evolved base station (eNB or e-NodeB) in Long Term Evolution (LTE).
  • eNB evolved base station
  • LTE Long Term Evolution
  • the network device 120 is a base station (NodeB) in Wideband Code Division Multiple Access (WCDMA).
  • NodeB base station
  • WCDMA Wideband Code Division Multiple Access
  • the network device 120 is a Global System for Mobile communication (GSM) or a Base Transceiver Station (BTS) in Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA).
  • GSM Global System for Mobile communication
  • BTS Base Transceiver Station
  • CDMA Code Division Multiple Access
  • the network device 120 is an access point (AP) in Wireless-Fidelity (WIFI).
  • AP access point
  • WIFI Wireless-Fidelity
  • the terminal device 140 is an electronic device having wireless network communication capabilities such as a mobile phone, a tablet computer, an e-book reader, and a laptop portable computer.
  • the information transceiver system may include multiple network devices 120 and multiple terminal devices 140, and one network device 120 may perform data communication with multiple terminal devices 140. Only one network device 120 and one terminal device 140 are shown in FIG. 1 for exemplary description, which is not described in this embodiment.
  • the network device 120 transmits and receives data in the form of a frame when performing data communication with the terminal device 140.
  • the network device 120 and the terminal device 140 perform data communication using a channel that is not authorized spectrum or authorized to share a spectrum, each frame is transmitted and received.
  • the network device 120 needs to perform LBT on the channel. As shown in FIG. 2, the LBT 210 is an LBT process performed before the network device 120 transmits and receives the data of the frame 220.
  • One frame 220 includes pilot 221 and data 222.
  • the duration occupied by the pilot 221 and the data 222 is fixed, and the duration L frame occupied by the frame 220 is also fixed.
  • the network device 120 can perform N times of CCA on the channel in the LBT process of each frame 220. Since the evaluation result of the CCA is that the time when the channel is in the idle state is not fixed, N is a positive integer whose value is variable. For each LBT process, the network device 120 will retreat for a certain period of time before the CCA is performed, that is, the network device does not open until after the backoff time (English: Backoff Time). Start with CCA.
  • the backoff time can also be understood as the mutual agreed rest time, sleep time or waiting time between the network device 120 and the terminal device 140.
  • the network device 120 does not perform CCA at the backoff time, and performs CCA only after the backoff time; correspondingly, the terminal device 140 is in the sleep state at the backoff time, and does not monitor the channel.
  • the terminal device 140 starts to be in an awake state only at the end of the backoff time, thereby listening to the channel.
  • N in the N times of backoff time in the LBT process of each frame 220 is variable.
  • 2 is a general illustration of the N times of backoff time: the first backoff, the first CCA, the ith backoff, and the i-th CCA, where 1 ⁇ i ⁇ N.
  • the network device When the network device passes the ith retreat and the evaluation result of the i-th CCA is that the channel is in a non-idle state, the network device immediately performs the i+1th backoff, and so on;
  • the network device When the network device passes the ith retreat and the evaluation result of the i-th CCA is that the channel is in an idle state, the network device ends the LBT process.
  • the duration L Cca occupied by the CCA after each backoff time is fixed.
  • the duration of each backoff is different, and the duration of the i-th backoff is the i-th backoff time L i .
  • FIG. 3 shows a flowchart of a method for transmitting and receiving information provided by an exemplary embodiment of the present invention. This embodiment is described by applying the method to the information transceiver system shown in FIG. 1, and the method includes:
  • Step 301 The network device determines a backoff time of the current frame.
  • N backoff times of the current frame there are N backoff times of the current frame.
  • the value of N is different.
  • the value of N is not limited.
  • Step 302 The terminal device determines a backoff time of the current frame, where the backoff time is a backoff time before the network device performs CCA.
  • the backoff time is previously agreed by the network device and the terminal device in the communication protocol, and the terminal device determines the backoff time of the current frame according to the communication protocol;
  • the backoff time is sent by the network device to the terminal device by using the indication signaling in advance, and the terminal device determines the backoff time of the current frame according to the indication signaling sent by the network device.
  • Step 303 The network device performs CCA on the channel at the end time of the backoff time, and obtains an evaluation result of the CCA.
  • Step 304 The terminal device listens to the channel according to the backoff time.
  • the terminal device starts to listen after the end time of the backoff time
  • the terminal device starts listening after the end time of the CCA.
  • the interception of the terminal device after the end time means that the terminal device starts to listen at the next time of the backoff time or the end time of the CCA.
  • the next moment is determined differently depending on the time unit. Taking the end time as 300ms as an example, if the time unit is 1ms, the next time is 301ms; if the time unit is 0.01ms, the next time is 300.01ms; if the time unit is infinitely small, the next time is 300ms. This embodiment does not limit the manner of determining the next moment.
  • Step 305 The network device sends a pilot by using a channel when the CCA evaluates that the channel is in an idle state;
  • Step 306 After transmitting the pilot, the network device uses the channel to send data of the current frame to the terminal device.
  • Step 307 If the terminal device detects the pilot transmitted by the network device on the channel, the terminal device receives the data of the current frame sent by the network device on the channel.
  • the network device After the network device sends the pilot, the current frame data is sent, and after receiving the pilot, the terminal device receives the data of the current frame.
  • steps 301, 303, 305, and 306 can be separately implemented as the information transmission and reception method on the network device side, and the steps 302, 304, and 307 can be separately implemented as the information transmission and reception methods on the terminal device side.
  • step 306 and step 307 may be implemented as steps 308 and 309 instead, as shown in FIG. 3A:
  • Step 308 If the terminal device detects the pilot transmitted by the network device on the channel, the terminal device sends the data of the current frame to the network device on the channel.
  • Step 309 After transmitting the pilot, the network device receives data of the current frame sent by the terminal device on the channel.
  • the terminal device After receiving the pilot, the terminal device sends the data of the current frame after the first predetermined time interval, and after receiving the pilot, the network device receives the data of the current frame sent by the terminal device after the second predetermined receiving interval.
  • the embodiment does not limit the first predetermined time interval and the second predetermined time interval
  • the method for transmitting and receiving information provided by the embodiment of the present invention passes through a network device and a terminal device.
  • the network device Determining the backoff time of the current frame, the network device performs CCA on the channel at the end time of the backoff time and obtains the evaluation result of the CCA; the terminal device listens to the channel according to the backoff time; and the network device evaluates the result of the CCA as the channel is in the idle state.
  • the channel is monitored at the moment of the data, and the channel is not monitored or entered into a sleep state during the other period in which the network device cannot transmit the pilot and the data to the terminal device, thereby reducing the listening time of the terminal device to the channel. Reduces the amount of battery power consumed by the terminal device due to listening.
  • FIG. 4 shows a flowchart of a method for transmitting and receiving information provided by another exemplary embodiment of the present invention. This embodiment is described by applying the method to the information transceiver system shown in FIG. 1, and the method includes:
  • Step 401 The network device determines a backoff time of the current frame before the first backoff time.
  • the current frame has a backoff time of at least two.
  • the network device determines the current frame length L 1, the second backoff time duration of a wait time when L 2, the third backoff time duration L 3 — are equal.
  • each backoff time is 300ms.
  • the network device determines a backoff time of the current frame at a start time of the first backoff time of the current frame.
  • Step 402 The network device sends indication signaling to the terminal device, where the indication signaling is used to indicate a backoff time.
  • the network device may send the indication signaling to the terminal device after determining the backoff time of the current frame and before the first backoff time.
  • the indication signaling includes a duration of each backoff time.
  • the network device notifies the terminal device of the duration of each backoff time of the current frame by indicating signaling.
  • the network device After the network device sends the indication signaling to the terminal device, the network device starts the first backoff.
  • Step 403 The terminal device receives the indication signaling sent by the network device, where the indication signaling is used to indicate the backoff time.
  • the terminal device receives the indication signaling sent by the network device at a start time of the first backoff time of the current frame.
  • Step 404 The terminal device determines a backoff time of the current frame.
  • the backoff time is the backoff time before the network device performs the CCA.
  • the step is specifically implemented by: the terminal device receiving the indication signaling, and determining, according to the indication signaling, a duration of each backoff time of the current frame.
  • Step 405 The network device performs an i-th CCA on the channel at the end of the i-1th backoff time, and obtains an evaluation result of the CCA.
  • i is a positive integer greater than or equal to 2.
  • the network device determines the end time of the i-1th backoff time based on the backoff time determined in step 401, and performs CCA at the end time of the i-1th backoff time.
  • the network device when performing network CCA on the channel, provides an evaluation result of the CCA by performing energy detection (ED) on the channel: when the energy on the channel exceeds the energy threshold, the CCA evaluates that the channel is in a non- Idle state; when the energy on the channel does not exceed the energy threshold, the CCA evaluates that the channel is in an idle state.
  • ED energy detection
  • Step 406 The terminal device performs the i-1th interception on the channel after the end time of the i-1th backoff time, and the listening duration does not exceed the predetermined listening duration.
  • i is a positive integer greater than or equal to 2.
  • the network device and the wireless device pre-arrange in the communication protocol that the duration of each CCA occupation L cca , L cca is fixed.
  • the predetermined listening duration is the default duration or the length of time the network device is preconfigured.
  • the predetermined listening duration is greater than the duration L Cca of the CCA corresponding to each backoff time.
  • the predetermined listener L cca + L is the length of the guide, where, L is a pilot guide takes a long time.
  • Step 407 The network device determines that the start time of the ith backoff time is equal to ET i-1 when the channel is in the non-idle state when the channel is in the non-idle state, and determines that the end time of the ith backoff time is equal to ET. i-1 and L i corresponding to the sum of both time.
  • ET i-1 is the end time of the i-1th CCA
  • the i-1th CCA is the CCA performed at the end of the i-1th backoff time
  • L i is the duration of the i th back time.
  • Network device determines the end time of the i-1 times CCA, i.e. the i-th starting time for the ET backoff time i-1, i-th and retracted, it is determined that the end time of the wait time for the i-th ET i- 1 +L i .
  • the network device determines the duration of L cca according to the communication protocol, and determines that the end time of the i- th CCA is ET i-1 +L i +L cca .
  • the network device performs the ith CCA at the end time ET i-1 +L i of the ith backoff time, that is, re-executes step 405, at which time i-1 in step 405 is replaced by i.
  • the network device when the evaluation result of the i-1th CCA is that the channel is in the non-idle state, the network device does not transmit the pilot, and therefore the terminal device does not detect the pilot in the i-1th interception. . That is, when the network device performs the ith retreat, the terminal device also enters the sleep state in the ith backoff time until the ith interception is performed.
  • Step 408 When the terminal device does not detect the pilot in the i-1th interception, determine that the start time of the ith backoff time is equal to ET i-1 , and determine that the end time of the ith backoff time is equal to ET i The time corresponding to the sum of -1 and L i .
  • the terminal device When the terminal device does not detect the pilot within the predetermined listening duration of the i-1th listening, the terminal device re-enters the sleep state; and according to the starting time of the ith backoff time, ET i-1 and the ith The duration L i of the backoff time determines that the end time of the i- th backoff time is ET i-1 +L i .
  • the terminal device determines the duration L cca occupied by the i-th CCA of the network device according to the communication protocol, and thereby determines that the starting time of the (i+1)th backoff time is ET i-1 +L i +L cca .
  • the terminal device performs the ith interception of the channel after the end time ET i-1 +L i of the ith backoff time, that is, the step 406 is re-executed. At this time, i-1 in step 406 is replaced by i.
  • the network device when the evaluation result of the i-1th CCA of the network device is that the channel is in an idle state, the network device sends a pilot; correspondingly, the terminal device is in the first If the pilot is detected in the i-1th interception, the above steps 407 and 408 can be replaced by the following steps, as shown in FIG. 5:
  • the network device and the terminal device are synchronized by using a pilot, where the network device and the terminal device can predefine the content of the pilot, and the pilot used by each network device is used with the pilot used by the other network device. Different content, the terminal device can identify the pilot according to the content of the predefined pilot.
  • Step 409 The network device uses the channel to send the pilot when the channel of the i-1th CCA evaluates that the channel is in an idle state.
  • the network device uses the channel to transmit pilots that have predefined content.
  • Step 410 After transmitting the pilot, the network device uses the channel to send data of the current frame to the terminal device.
  • Step 411 the terminal device detects the sending of the network device in the i-1th interception of the channel.
  • the pilot device receives the data of the current frame transmitted by the network device on the channel.
  • the wireless terminal listens on the channel.
  • the data after receiving the pilot on the channel is the data of the current frame.
  • step 410 and step 411 may be implemented as steps 412 and 413 instead, as shown in FIG. 5A:
  • Step 412 The terminal device detects the pilot transmitted by the network device in the i-1th interception of the channel, and the terminal device sends the data of the current frame to the network device on the channel.
  • Step 413 After transmitting the pilot, the network device receives data of the current frame sent by the terminal device on the channel.
  • the network device receives the data of the current frame sent by the terminal device after the predetermined receiving interval.
  • the network device determines that the duration of each backoff time of the current frame is 300 ms, and the terminal device determines that the duration of each backoff time of the current frame is 300 ms by using the indication signaling, and the predetermined interception of the terminal device.
  • the duration is 200ms, and the time taken by the network device for each CCA is 150ms.
  • the time difference is 1 ms, that is, the time difference between the next time and the end time of the end time is 1 ms.
  • the time corresponding to the backoff process of the network device and the terminal device are listening.
  • the time corresponding to the process is shown in Figure 6:
  • the network device performs the first backoff at time 0.
  • the end time of the first backoff time that is, the start time of the first CCA is 300 ms.
  • the duration of the CCA is 150 ms
  • the start time of the first CCA that is, the start time of the second backoff time is 450 ms.
  • the second backoff is performed, and the end time of the second backoff time, that is, the start time of the second CCA is determined to be 750 ms.
  • the terminal device starts to enter the sleep state at time 0 of the current frame, that is, enters sleep during the process of 601, determines that the end time of the first backoff time is 300 ms, and starts at the next time of 300 ms, that is, at 301 ms.
  • the terminal device When the terminal device does not detect the pilot during the first listening process, it re-enters the sleep state, that is, re-experiences the process indicated by 601, and determines the second backoff time according to the duration of the CCA and the duration of the second backoff time.
  • the end time is 750 ms, and the second listening is started at the next time after 750 ms, that is, at 751 ms, that is, the process shown by 602 is resumed.
  • the network device performs the backoff in the foregoing manner, and the terminal device listens to the channel in the foregoing manner.
  • the other process is as shown in FIG. 6 , which is not described in this embodiment.
  • the terminal device receives the indication signaling sent by the network device, the indication signaling includes the duration of each backoff time, and determines the duration of each backoff time of the network device, from the network.
  • the end time of the backoff time of the device that is, the time when the network device may send the pilot and the data to the terminal device
  • the channel is started to be intercepted, and the channel is not in the other time period when the network device cannot send the pilot and the data to the terminal device.
  • Listening or entering a sleep state reduces the listening time of the terminal device to the channel, and reduces the battery power consumed by the terminal device due to the interception.
  • the result of the CCA is still that the channel is not idle. Status; at this time, the channel cannot be used even if the network device continues to back off.
  • the maximum number N max of backoffs in the current frame is set for the network device in advance.
  • the data of the current frame is discarded. .
  • Network device determines the maximum wait time of the current frame number N max, and the terminal device by transmitting a signaling indicating the maximum number of the terminal device N max times of the listener listens to the pilot not to give up the transceiver The data of the current frame.
  • the indication signaling further comprising: a maximum number of wait time N max.
  • step 405 further includes step 701 and step 702, as shown in FIG. 7A:
  • Step 701 The network device detects whether i is greater than the maximum number N max when the evaluation result of the i-1th CCA is that the channel is in a non-idle state.
  • the i-1th CCA is a CCA performed at the end of the i-1th backoff time, and i is a positive integer greater than or equal to 2.
  • step 702 is performed:
  • Step 702 If i is greater than the maximum number N max , the network device determines that the start time of the first backoff time in the next frame is equal to the time corresponding to the sum of the ET i-1 and the L frame , and determines the next frame.
  • the end time of the first backoff time is equal to the time corresponding to the sum of ET i-1 , L frame, and L 1 .
  • the L frame is the duration occupied by one frame
  • L 1 is the duration of the first backoff time of the next frame
  • i is a positive integer greater than or equal to 2.
  • the network device starts the first backoff at the start time of the first backoff time of the next frame
  • the network device starts at the start time of the first backoff time of the next frame, or the start of the first backoff time of the next frame.
  • the respective backoff time of the next frame is determined before the time, that is, the above step 401 is re-executed. This embodiment does not limit the time when the network device determines the next frame backoff time.
  • the terminal device does not detect the pilot in the i-1th interception, and after step 406, further includes step 703 and step 704, as shown in FIG. 7B:
  • Step 703 When the terminal device does not detect the pilot in the i-1th interception, it detects whether i is greater than the maximum number N max .
  • the i-1th CCA is a CCA performed at the end of the i-1th backoff time, and i is a positive integer equal to or greater than 2.
  • the terminal device performs the above step 408;
  • step 704 If i is greater than the maximum number N max , the terminal device performs step 704:
  • Step 704 if i is greater than the maximum number N max , the terminal device determines that the start time of the first backoff time in the next frame is equal to the time corresponding to the sum of the ET i-1 and the L frame , and determines the next frame.
  • the end time of the first backoff time is equal to the time corresponding to the sum of ET i-1 , the L frame, and L 1 .
  • the L frame is the duration occupied by one frame
  • L 1 is the duration of the first backoff time of the next frame
  • i is a positive integer greater than or equal to 2.
  • the terminal device sleeps until the end time of the first backoff time of the next frame starts to perform the first listening on the channel;
  • the terminal device starts at the start time of the first backoff time of the next frame, or the start of the first backoff time of the next frame. Receiving the indication signaling sent by the network device before the moment, and re-determining the respective backoff times of the next frame, that is, performing the above step 403 again.
  • the terminal device determines the backoff time of the next frame It is not limited.
  • the wait time is determined by the maximum number N max network device and transmitting to the terminal device via the signaling indication, when the evaluation result of the N max times the network device is still CCA
  • the network device abandons the data of the current frame and directly performs the backoff of the next frame, thereby preventing the network device from spending too much time in the LBT process of the current frame, and delaying the communication of the next frame of data.
  • the current frame includes N backoff times, and the durations L 1 , L 2 , L 3 , . . . L N of each backoff time of the current frame are different.
  • the network device After determining the backoff time of the current frame, the network device sends the duration of each backoff time to the terminal device by using indication signaling.
  • the indication signaling includes: the duration of each backoff time among the N backoff times, and N is a positive integer.
  • the current frame includes five backoff times, and the network device separately sends each backoff time by 300ms, 200ms, 500ms, 250ms, and 700ms by using indication signaling.
  • the network device passes the signal By sending the time of each backoff time to the terminal device, a large amount of signaling resources are used.
  • the network device uses the indication signaling to send the duration of the first backoff time to the terminal device, and the relationship between the duration of the other backoff time and the duration of the first backoff time.
  • the indication signaling includes: a duration of the specified backoff time in the N backoff times, and a duration relationship between the specified backoff time and the backoff time except the command backoff time in the N backoff times, and the duration relationship is an exponential relationship and a multiple relationship. Or an equidistant sequence relationship, where N is a positive integer.
  • the network device sends the indication signaling to the terminal device before the first backoff time.
  • the foregoing step 404 is specifically implemented as follows: the terminal device according to the specified backoff time in the received indication signaling, and the designated backoff time and the N backoff times, except for the designated backoff The duration relationship between the backoff times outside the time determines the duration of each backoff time.
  • the first network device transmits an indication signaling the wait time by the length L 1 is 100ms, then sent to the terminal device by indicating a signaling
  • the duration of the backoff time is an equidistant sequence relationship with a tolerance of 10 ms.
  • the terminal device can determine that the duration of each backoff time is 100 ms, 110 ms, 120 ms, 130 ms, respectively.
  • the terminal device obtains the duration of the specified backoff time in the N backoff times, and specifies the backoff time and the N backoff times by receiving the indication signaling sent by the network device.
  • the duration relationship between the backoff times can be calculated by the terminal device and the length of each backoff time can be determined by specifying the duration of the backoff time and the duration of the backoff time, without the need to receive each backoff time sent by the receiving terminal device. It is determined that the number of indication signaling sent by the network device to the terminal device is reduced, and the occupation of channel resources is reduced.
  • the terminal device is in the process of performing CCA on the network device because the network device is to send the pilot after the CCA ends and the evaluation result is obtained. If it is impossible to detect the pilot, the terminal device can also enter the sleep state during the CCA process of the network device.
  • the network device may use the indication signaling to send the duration L cca occupied by each CCA to the terminal device, so that the terminal device determines the duration of each CCA, and starts to listen to the channel after the end time of the CCA.
  • the indication signaling sent by the network device to the terminal device further includes: a duration L Cca of the CCA corresponding to each backoff time.
  • each L cca backoff duration corresponding to the time CCA are different.
  • the interception may start after the end time of the CCA, that is, the above step 406 may be replaced by 406b, as shown in FIG.
  • Step 406b The terminal device starts to listen after the time corresponding to the sum of the end time of the backoff time and the sum of Lcca , and the listening duration does not exceed the predetermined listening duration.
  • L cca is the duration of the CCA corresponding to the backoff time
  • the predetermined listening duration is the default duration or the length of time preconfigured by the network device.
  • the terminal device starts listening for network device after the CCA end of the i-th, the predetermined length L is a length of the listener guide a pilot occupied.
  • the network device determines that the duration of each backoff time of the current frame is 300 ms, and the terminal device determines, by using the indication signaling, the duration of each backoff time of the current frame. 300 ms, the scheduled listening duration of the terminal device is 50 ms, and the duration of each CCA occupied by the network device is 150 ms.
  • the time difference is 1 ms, that is, the time difference between the next time and the end time of the end time is 1 ms.
  • the time corresponding to the backoff process of the network device and the terminal device are listening.
  • the time corresponding to the process is shown in Figure 9:
  • the network device performs the first backoff at time 0.
  • the end time of the first backoff time that is, the start time of the first CCA is 300 ms.
  • the duration of the CCA is 150 ms
  • the start time of the first CCA that is, the start time of the second backoff time is 450 ms.
  • the second backoff is performed, and the end time of the second backoff time, that is, the start time of the second CCA is determined to be 750 ms.
  • a wait time corresponding to the time and L cca time is 450ms, and 450ms
  • the first interception of the channel is started, and the listening duration is 50 ms, that is, the 501 ms time is detected, and if no pilot is detected, the interception is ended, that is, Keep listening during the 902 process.
  • the terminal device does not detect the pilot during the first listening process, and then re-enters the sleep state, that is, re-experiences the process shown in 901, and determines the second backoff time according to the duration of the CCA and the duration of the second backoff time.
  • the time corresponding to the sum of the end time and L cca is 900 ms, and the second interception is started after the 900 ms time, that is, at the next time, that is, at 901 ms, that is, the process shown by 902 is resumed.
  • the network device performs the retreat in the foregoing manner, and the terminal device listens to the channel in the foregoing manner.
  • the other process is as shown in FIG. 9 , which is not described in this embodiment.
  • the network device sends the duration of the CCA corresponding to each backoff time to the terminal device by using the indication signaling, and the terminal device determines the duration of the backoff time and the corresponding CCA.
  • the duration is that the terminal device is intercepted from the end time of the CCA, which further reduces the listening time of the terminal device to the channel, and further reduces the battery power consumed by the terminal device due to the interception.
  • FIG. 10 is a structural block diagram of an information transceiver apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the apparatus has a function of implementing network device behavior in the design of the foregoing method.
  • the information transceiver device can include:
  • the processing unit 1010 is configured to determine a backoff time of the current frame.
  • the processing unit 1010 is further configured to perform CCA on the channel at the end time of the determined backoff time of the current frame, and obtain an evaluation result of the CCA.
  • the transceiver unit 1020 is configured to use a channel to send a pilot when the CCA obtained by the processing unit 1010 is in an idle state, and send the current frame data to the terminal device by using the channel after the pilot is sent, or The data of the current frame sent by the terminal device is received on the channel.
  • the physical device corresponding to the processing unit 1010 is a processor, and the physical device corresponding to the transceiver unit 1020 is a transceiver.
  • the processor includes one or more processing cores for performing various functional applications and data processing.
  • the transceiver can be implemented as a communication component, and the communication component can be a communication chip.
  • the communication chip can include a receiving module, a transmitting module, a modem module, etc., for modulating and demodulating data or information, and receiving by wireless signals. Or send the data or information.
  • the information transceiver device further includes a memory.
  • the memory is coupled to the processor for storing software programs and modules.
  • the memory can be implemented by any type of volatile or non-volatile memory device or a combination thereof, such as static random access memory (SRAM), electrically erasable programmable read only memory (EEPROM), and erasable programmable Read Only Memory (EPROM), Programmable Read Only Memory (PROM), Read Only Memory (ROM), Magnetic Memory, Flash Memory, Disk or Optical Disk.
  • SRAM static random access memory
  • EEPROM electrically erasable programmable read only memory
  • EPROM erasable programmable Read Only Memory
  • PROM Programmable Read Only Memory
  • ROM Read Only Memory
  • Magnetic Memory Flash Memory
  • Disk Disk or Optical Disk.
  • FIG. 11 is a structural block diagram of an information transceiver apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the apparatus has a function of implementing behavior of a terminal device in the design of the foregoing method.
  • the information transceiver device can include:
  • the processing unit 1110 is configured to determine a backoff time of the current frame, where the backoff time is performed by the network device. Backoff time before CCA.
  • the processing unit 1110 is further configured to listen to the channel according to the backoff time of the current frame.
  • the transceiver unit 1120 is configured to: when the processing unit detects the pilot sent by the network device on the channel, receive the data of the current frame sent by the network device on the channel, or send the data of the current frame to the network device on the channel.
  • the physical device corresponding to the processing unit 1110 is a processor, and the physical device corresponding to the transceiver unit 1120 is a transceiver.
  • the processor includes one or more processing cores for performing various functional applications and data processing.
  • the transceiver can be implemented as a communication component, and the communication component can be a communication chip.
  • the communication chip can include a receiving module, a transmitting module, a modem module, etc., for modulating and demodulating data or information, and receiving by wireless signals. Or send the data or information.
  • the information transceiver device further includes a memory.
  • the memory is coupled to the processor for storing software programs and modules.
  • the memory can be implemented by any type of volatile or non-volatile memory device or a combination thereof, such as static random access memory (SRAM), electrically erasable programmable read only memory (EEPROM), and erasable programmable Read Only Memory (EPROM), Programmable Read Only Memory (PROM), Read Only Memory (ROM), Magnetic Memory, Flash Memory, Disk or Optical Disk.
  • SRAM static random access memory
  • EEPROM electrically erasable programmable read only memory
  • EPROM erasable programmable Read Only Memory
  • PROM Programmable Read Only Memory
  • ROM Read Only Memory
  • Magnetic Memory Flash Memory
  • Disk Disk or Optical Disk.
  • the network device sends the backoff time to the terminal device by using the indication signaling, and the backoff time of the current frame is at least two, and the network device performs the evaluation of the i-1th CCA as the channel is in the Non-idle state.
  • the processing unit 1010 is configured to determine a backoff time of the current frame before the first backoff time.
  • the transceiver unit 1020 is further configured to send the indication signaling to the terminal device, where the indication signaling is used to indicate a backoff time of the current frame determined by the processing unit 1010, where the indication signaling includes a duration of each backoff time of the N backoff times.
  • N is a positive integer, or the duration of the specified backoff time in the N backoff times, and the duration relationship between the specified backoff time and the backoff time except the specified backoff time in the N backoff times.
  • the duration relationship is an exponential relationship and a multiple. Relationship or isometric sequence relationship, N is a positive integer.
  • the processing unit 1010 is further configured to perform a channel on the channel at the end of the i-1th backoff time. I-1 CCA and get the CCA evaluation results.
  • the processing unit 1010 is further configured to: when the evaluation result of the i-1th CCA is that the channel is in a non-idle state, determine that the start time of the i- th backoff time is equal to ET i-1 , and determine the end of the i-th backoff time.
  • the time is equal to the time corresponding to the sum of ET i-1 and L i , where ET i-1 is the end time of the i-1th CCA, and the i-1th CCA is the i-1th back time
  • the CCA at the end time is L i is the duration of the i-th backoff time, and i is a positive integer greater than or equal to 2.
  • the terminal device determines the backoff time by receiving the indication signaling sent by the network device, where the backoff time of the current frame is at least two, and the terminal device does not listen in the i-1th interception. To the pilot,
  • the transceiver unit 1120 is configured to receive indication signaling sent by the network device, where the indication signaling is used to indicate a backoff time, where the indication signaling includes a duration of each backoff time in the N backoff times, where N is a positive integer, or N
  • the duration of the specified backoff time in the backoff time, and the duration relationship between the specified backoff time and the backoff time except the specified backoff time in the backoff time is an exponential relationship, a multiple relationship, or an equal sequence relationship, where N is A positive integer.
  • the processing unit 1110 is configured to determine a backoff time of the current frame.
  • the processing unit 1110 is further configured to perform an i-1th interception on the channel after the end time of the i-1th backoff time, where the listening duration does not exceed a predetermined listening duration, where the predetermined listening duration is a default duration. Or the length of time the network device is preconfigured.
  • the processing unit 1110 is further configured to: when the pilot is not detected in the i-1th interception, determine that the start time of the i- th backoff time is equal to ET i-1 , and determine the end time of the i-th backoff time. Equivalent to the time corresponding to the sum of ET i-1 and L i , where ET i-1 is the end time of the i-1th CCA, and the i-1th CCA is at the i-1th back time The CCA at the end time, L i is the duration of the ith backoff time, and i is a positive integer greater than or equal to 2.
  • the network device sends the backoff time to the terminal device by using the indication signaling, and the backoff time of the current frame is at least two, and the network device performs the evaluation of the i-1th CCA as the channel is in the Idle state,
  • the transceiver unit 1020 is further configured to evaluate that the channel is empty in the evaluation result of the i-1th CCA. In the idle state, the channel is used to transmit pilots.
  • the transceiver unit 1020 is further configured to: after transmitting the pilot, use the channel to send data of the current frame to the terminal device, or receive data of the current frame sent by the terminal device on the channel.
  • the terminal device determines the backoff time by receiving the indication signaling sent by the network device, where the backoff time of the current frame is at least two, and the terminal device listens in the i-1th interception. Pilot,
  • the transceiver unit 1120 is further configured to: when the processing unit 1110 detects the pilot sent by the network device on the channel, receive the data of the current frame sent by the network device on the channel, or send the current frame to the network device on the channel. data.
  • the device sends an indication signaling network to the terminal device 1020 via the transceiving unit further comprises: a maximum wait time number N max.
  • the processing unit 1010 is further configured to detect whether i is greater than the maximum number Nmax when the evaluation result of the i-1th CCA is that the channel is in a non-idle state.
  • the processing unit 1010 is further configured to determine that the start time of the ith backoff time is equal to ET i-1 when i is not greater than the maximum number N max , and the end time of the ith backoff time is equal to ET i-1 and L The moment corresponding to the sum of i .
  • the processing unit 1010 is further configured to: when i is greater than the maximum number N max , determine that the start time of the first backoff time of the next frame is equal to the time corresponding to the sum of the ET i-1 and the L frame , and determine The end time of the first backoff time in the next frame is equal to the time corresponding to the sum of ET i-1 , L frame and L 1 , wherein the L frame is the duration occupied by one frame, and L 1 is the next frame.
  • the length of the first backoff time, i is a positive integer greater than or equal to 2.
  • the signaling sent by the terminal indicating the terminal apparatus received through the transmitting and receiving unit 1120 further includes: a maximum number N max backoff time.
  • the processing unit 1110 is further configured to detect whether i is greater than the maximum number N max when the pilot is not detected in the i-1th interception.
  • processing unit 1110 and the processing unit further configured to, when i is not greater than the maximum number N max, determining the i-th start time equal to the wait time ET i-1, i-th wait time equal to the end time ET i-1 and L i The moment corresponding to the sum of the two.
  • the processing unit 1110 is further configured to: when i is greater than the maximum number N max , determine that the start time of the first backoff time in the next frame is equal to the time corresponding to the sum of the ET i-1 and the L frame , and determine The end time of the first backoff time in the next frame is equal to the time corresponding to the sum of ET i-1 , L frame and L 1 , wherein the L frame is the duration occupied by one frame, and L 1 is the next frame.
  • the length of the first backoff time, i is a positive integer greater than or equal to 2.
  • the indication signaling sent by the network device to the terminal device by using the transceiver unit 1020 further includes: a duration Lcaca of the CCA corresponding to each backoff time.
  • the processing unit 1110 is further configured to start listening after the time corresponding to the sum of the end time of the backoff time and the sum of L cca , and the listening duration does not exceed the predetermined listening duration, where L cca is the back time corresponding to the backing time.
  • the scheduled listening duration is the default duration or the length of time the network device is preconfigured.
  • the physical device corresponding to the processing unit 1010 is a processor; the physical device corresponding to the transceiver unit 1020 is a transceiver; the physical device corresponding to the processing unit 1110 is a processor, and the physical device corresponding to the transceiver unit 1120 is a transceiver.
  • FIG. 12 is a structural block diagram of an information transceiving system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the information transceiving system includes: a network device 1210 and a terminal device 1220.
  • the network device 1210 and the terminal device 1220 establish communication through the channel 1230. connection.
  • the network device 1210 is configured to determine a backoff time of the current frame.
  • the network device 1210 is further configured to perform CCA on the channel 1230 at the end time of the backoff time, and obtain an evaluation result of the CCA.
  • the terminal device 1220 is configured to determine a backoff time of the current frame, where the backoff time is a backoff time before the network device 1210 performs CCA.
  • the terminal device 1220 is further configured to listen to the channel 1230 according to the backoff time.
  • the network device 1210 is further configured to: when the evaluation result of the CCA is that the channel 1230 is in an idle state, The pilot is transmitted using channel 1230.
  • the network device 1210 is further configured to: after transmitting the pilot, use the channel 1230 to send data of the current frame to the terminal device 1220, or receive the data of the current frame sent by the terminal device 1220 on the channel 1230.
  • the terminal device 1220 is further configured to receive data of a current frame sent by the network device 1210 on the channel 1230 when the pilot transmitted by the network device 1210 is detected on the channel 1230, or send the current data to the network device 1210 on the channel 1230. Frame data.
  • the information receiving and transmitting apparatus determines the backoff time of the current frame by using the network device and the terminal device, and the network device performs CCA on the channel and obtains the evaluation result of the CCA at the end time of the backoff time;
  • the backoff time is to listen to the channel; when the CCA evaluates that the channel is in the idle state, the network device uses the channel to send the pilot, and after transmitting the pilot, the data of the current frame is sent and received, and after the terminal device detects the pilot, Transmitting and receiving data of the current frame; causing the terminal device to listen to the channel only when the network device may send the pilot and the data to the terminal device, and the network device may not send the pilot and the data to the terminal device during the other time period.
  • the channel is listening or enters a sleep state, which reduces the listening time of the terminal device to the channel, and reduces the battery power consumed by the terminal device due to the interception.
  • the network device determines the maximum number N max backoff time and transmits to the terminal device via the signaling indication, when the evaluation result of the N max times the network device is still CCA
  • the network device abandons the data of the current frame and directly performs the backoff of the next frame, thereby preventing the network device from spending too much time in the LBT process of the current frame, and delaying the communication of the next frame of data.
  • the terminal device obtains the duration of the specified backoff time in the N backoff times, and specifies the backoff time and the N backoff times by receiving the indication signaling sent by the network device.
  • the duration relationship between the backoff times can be calculated by the terminal device and the length of each backoff time can be determined by specifying the duration of the backoff time and the duration of the backoff time, without the need to receive each backoff time sent by the receiving terminal device. It is determined that the number of indication signaling sent by the network device to the terminal device is reduced, and the occupation of channel resources is reduced.
  • the network device sends the duration of the CCA corresponding to each backoff time to the terminal device by using the indication signaling, and the terminal device determines the duration of the backoff time and the corresponding CCA.
  • the duration of the interception of the terminal device from the end of the CCA, further reducing the listening time of the terminal device to the channel, and further reducing the terminal device due to detection The battery power consumed.
  • a person skilled in the art may understand that all or part of the steps of implementing the above embodiments may be completed by hardware, or may be instructed by a program to execute related hardware, and the program may be stored in a computer readable storage medium.
  • the storage medium mentioned may be a read only memory, a magnetic disk or an optical disk or the like.

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Abstract

本发明实施例提供了一种信息收发方法、装置及系统，涉及通信领域，所述方法包括：网络设备和终端设备确定当前帧的退避时间，网络设备根据退避时间进行CCA并获取CCA的评估结果，在CCA的评估结果为信道处于空闲状态时发送导频，终端设备根据退避时间对信道进行侦听，当帧听到网络设备发送的导频后在该信道上进行收发数据；解决了在网络设备在LBT过程中，终端设备需要一直对信道进行侦听而浪费大量电量的问题；达到了终端设备根据退避时间对信道进行侦听，在其他时间段不进行侦听可以进入休眠状态，减少了终端设备对信道的侦听时间，降低了终端设备因侦听而消耗的电量。

Description

信息发送方法、信息接收方法、装置及系统 技术领域
本发明实施例涉及通信领域，特别涉及一种信息发送方法、信息接收方法、装置及系统。
背景技术
两个设备之间进行无线通信需要使用无线频谱。无线频谱大致分为：授权(Licensed)频谱和非授权(Un-licensed)频谱。
在使用非授权频谱进行无线通信时，网络设备需要对使用非授权频谱的信道进行空闲信道评估(clear channel assess，CCA)；若评估结果为该信道处于非空闲状态，则表明该信道正在被其它设备所使用；若评估结果为该信道处于空闲状态，则网络设备先使用该信道向终端设备发送导频，然后再使用该信道向终端设备发送当前帧的数据，或者在该信道上接收终端设备发送的当前帧的数据。一帧占用一个固定的时间段，该时间段由两部分时间组成，在第一部分时间里网络设备向终端设备发送导频，在第二部分时间里网络设备向终端设备发送数据或者从终端设备接收数据。其中，网络设备进行CCA的整个过程，称之为先听后说(listen before talk，LBT)过程。由于每次LBT过程中CCA的次数不确定，所以该LBT过程所耗费的时长也不确定。另外，每次CCA所耗费的时长通常为固定时长，也可能为不固定时长。
当网络设备处于LBT过程时，终端设备需要一直在该信道上进行侦听，以便接收到网络设备发送的导频和数据。如果LBT过程所耗费的时长较长，且终端设备采用电池供电，则会浪费终端设备的大量电量。
发明内容
本发明实施例提供了一种信息发送方法、信息接收方法、装置及系统。以解决LBT耗费时间较长，从而浪费终端设备大量电量的问题，所述技术方案如下：
第一方面，本发明实施例提供了一种信息收发方法，所述方法包括：网络 设备确定当前帧的退避时间；所述网络设备在所述退避时间的结束时刻对信道进行空闲信道评估CCA，并获取所述CCA的评估结果；当所述CCA的评估结果为所述信道处于空闲状态时，所述网络设备使用所述信道发送导频；所述网络设备在发送所述导频之后，使用所述信道向终端设备发送所述当前帧的数据，或者在所述信道上接收所述终端设备发送的所述当前帧的数据。
本发明实施例提供的信息收发方法，终端设备确定当前帧的退避时间，并根据退避时间对信道进行侦听，仅在网络设备可能向终端设备发送导频和数据的时刻才开始对信道进行侦听，在网络设备不可能向终端设备发送导频和数据的其他时间段内不对信道进行侦听，或者进入休眠状态，减少了终端设备对信道的侦听时间，减少了终端设备因侦听而消耗的电池电量。
在一个可能的设计中，所述网络设备确定当前帧的退避时间之后，在所述退避时间的结束时刻对信道进行空闲信道评估CCA之前，还包括：所述网络设备向所述终端设备发送指示信令，所述指示信令用于指示所述退避时间。从而可以使终端设备根据退避时间确定在哪些时刻网络设备可能会发送导频，在这些时刻对信道进行侦听，在哪些时刻网络设备不会发送导频；这些时刻不对信道进行侦听，进入休眠状态。可以使终端设备不必持续对信道进行侦听，使侦听时间减少，从而减少了终端设备因侦听而消耗的电池电量。
在另一个可能的设计中，所述指示信令至少包括：N个所述退避时间中每个退避时间的时长，N为正整数；或，N个所述退避时间中指定退避时间的时长，以及所述指定退避时间和N个所述退避时间中除所述指定退避时间之外的退避时间之间的时长关系，所述时长关系为指数关系、倍数关系或等差序列关系，N为正整数。网络设备确定N个退避时间中指定退避时间的时长，并确定其他退避时间与该指定退避时间的时长关系，使用指示信令将该指定退避时间的时长，以及确定出的时长关系发送给终端设备，可以减少指示信令所需要携带的数据量。
在另一个可能的设计中，所述指示信令还包括：每个所述退避时间所对应的CCA的时长Lcca。网络设备通过指示信令将每个退避时间对应的CCA的时长也发送给终端设备，终端设备通过确定退避时间的时长和对应的CCA的时长，从CCA的结束时刻之后开始对终端设备进行侦听，更进一步的减少了终端设备对信道的侦听时间，更加减少了终端设备因侦听而消耗的电池电量。
在另一个可能的设计中，所述指示信令还包括：所述退避时间的最大个数 Nmax。通过网络设备确定退避时间的最大个数Nmax并通过指示信令发送给终端设备，当网络设备的第Nmax次CCA的评估结果仍为信道处于非空闲状态时，网络设备放弃发送当前帧的数据，直接进行下一帧的退避，避免网络设备在当前帧的LBT过程中花费太长时间，耽误了下一帧数据的通信。
在另一个可能的设计中，当所述当前帧的退避时间为至少两个时，所述网络设备确定当前帧的退避时间，包括：在第i-1次CCA的评估结果为所述信道处于非空闲状态时，确定第i个所述退避时间的起始时刻等于ETi-1，确定第i个所述退避时间的结束时刻等于所述ETi-1与Li两者之和所对应的时刻；其中，所述ETi-1是所述第i-1次CCA的结束时刻，所述第i-1次CCA是在第i-1个所述退避时间的结束时刻进行的CCA，所述Li是第i个所述退避时间的时长，i为大于等于2的正整数。
在另一个可能的设计中，所述网络设备确定当前帧的退避时间，包括：在第i-1次CCA的评估结果为所述信道处于非空闲状态时，检测i是否大于所述最大个数Nmax；若所述i不大于所述最大个数Nmax，则确定第i个所述退避时间的起始时刻等于ETi-1，第i个所述退避时间的结束时刻等于所述ETi-1与Li之和所对应的时刻；其中，所述ETi-1是所述第i-1次CCA的结束时刻，所述第i-1次CCA是在第i-1个所述退避时间的结束时刻进行的CCA，所述Li是所述当前帧的第i个所述退避时间的时长，i为大于等于2的正整数。
在另一个可能的设计中，所述检测i是否大于所述最大个数Nmax之后，还包括：若所述i大于所述最大个数Nmax，则确定下一帧的第1个所述退避时间的起始时刻等于所述ETi-1与L帧两者之和所对应的时刻，确定所述下一帧中第1个所述退避时间的结束时刻等于所述ETi-1、所述L帧和L1三者之和所对应的时刻；其中，所述L帧是一帧所占用的时长，所述L1是下一帧的第1个所述退避时间的时长，i为大于等于2的正整数。网络设备在第Nmax次CCA的结果为信道处于非空闲状态时，放弃在当前帧中继续做CCA，直接进行下一帧的退避，避免网络设备在当前帧的LBT过程中使用太长时间，耽误了下一帧数据的通信。
第二方面，提供了一种信息收发方法，所述方法包括：终端设备确定当前帧的退避时间，所述退避时间是所述网络设备进行空闲信道评估CCA前的退避时间；所述终端设备根据所述退避时间对信道进行侦听；若所述终端设备在所述信道上侦听到所述网络设备发送的导频，则所述终端设备接收所述网络设 备在所述信道上发送所述的当前帧的数据，或者在所述信道上向所述网络设备发送所述当前帧的数据。终端设备确定当前帧的退避时间，并根据退避时间对信道进行侦听，仅在网络设备可能向终端设备发送导频和数据的时刻才开始对信道进行侦听，在网络设备不可能向终端设备发送导频和数据的其他时间段内不对信道进行侦听，或者进入休眠状态，减少了终端设备对信道的侦听时间，减少了终端设备因侦听而消耗的电池电量。
在一个可能的设计中，所述终端设备确定当前帧的退避时间之前，还包括：所述终端设备接收所述网络设备发送的指示信令，所述指示信令用于指示所述退避时间。
在另一个可能的设计中，所述指示信令至少包括：N个所述退避时间中每个退避时间的时长，N为正整数；或，N个所述退避时间中指定退避时间的时长，以及所述指定退避时间和N个所述退避时间中除所述指定退避时间之外的退避时间之间的时长关系，所述时长关系为指数关系、倍数关系或等差序列关系。终端设备接收指示信令中的N个退避时间中指定退避时间的时长，以及指定退避时间和N个退避时间中其它退避时间之间的时长关系，并由此确定每一个退避时间的时长，可以减少指示信令所需要携带的数据量。
在另一个可能的设计中，所述指示信令还包括：每个所述退避时间所对应的所述CCA的时长Lcca。本发明实施例提供的信息收发方法，终端设备通过确定退避时间的时长和对应的CCA的时长，从CCA的结束时刻之后开始对终端设备进行侦听，更进一步的减少了终端设备对信道的侦听时间，更加减少了终端设备因侦听而消耗的电池电量。
在另一个可能的设计中，所述指示信令还包括：所述退避时间的最大个数Nmax。网络设备在第Nmax次CCA的结果为信道处于非空闲状态时，放弃在当前帧中继续做CCA，直接进行下一帧的退避，避免网络设备在当前帧的LBT过程中使用太长时间，耽误了下一帧数据的通信。
在另一个可能的设计中，当所述当前帧的退避时间为至少两个时，所述终端设备确定当前帧的退避时间，包括：在第i-1次侦听中未侦听到所述导频时，确定第i个所述退避时间的起始时刻等于ETi-1，确定第i个所述退避时间的结束时刻等于所述ETi-1与Li两者之和所对应的时刻；其中，所述ETi-1是所述第i-1次CCA的结束时刻，所述第i-1次CCA是在第i-1个所述退避时间的结束时刻进行的CCA，所述Li是第i个所述退避时间的时长，i为大于等于2的正 整数。
在另一个可能的设计中，所述终端设备确定当前帧的退避时间，包括：在第i-1次侦听中未侦听到所述导频时，检测i是否大于所述最大个数Nmax；若所述i不大于所述最大个数Nmax，则确定第i个所述退避时间的起始时刻等于ETi-1，第i个所述退避时间的结束时刻等于所述ETi-1与Li两者之和所对应的时刻；其中，所述ETi-1是所述第i-1次CCA的结束时刻，所述第i-1次CCA是在第i-1个所述退避时间的结束时刻进行的CCA，所述Li是所述当前帧的第i个所述退避时间的时长，i为大于等于2的正整数。
在另一个可能的设计中，所述检测i是否大于所述最大个数Nmax之后，包括：若所述i大于所述最大个数Nmax，则确定下一帧中第1个所述退避时间的起始时刻等于所述ETi-1与L帧两者之和所对应的时刻，确定所述下一帧中第1个所述退避时间的结束时刻等于所述ETi-1、所述L帧和L1三者之和所对应的时刻；其中，所述L帧是一帧所占用的时长，所述L1是所述下一帧的第1个退避时间的时长，i为大于等于2的正整数。终端设备在第Nmax次侦听时仍然没有侦听到导频，则放弃收发当前帧的数据，直接进入休眠状态，直到根据下一帧的退避时刻进行侦听，避免网络设备在当前帧的LBT过程中使用太长时间，耽误了下一帧数据的通信。
在另一个可能的设计中，所述终端设备根据所述退避时间对信道进行侦听，包括：所述终端设备在所述退避时间的结束时刻之后开始侦听，所述侦听不超过预定侦听时长；其中，所述预定侦听时长是默认时长或所述网络设备预配置的时长。
在另一个可能的设计中，所述终端设备根据所述退避时间对信道进行侦听，包括：所述终端设备在所述退避时间的结束时刻和Lcca两者之和所对应的时刻之后开始侦听，所述侦听不超过预定侦听时长。其中，所述Lcca是所述退避时间所对应的所述CCA的时长，所述预定侦听时长是默认时长或所述网络设备预配置的时长。终端设备通过确定退避时间的时长和对应的CCA的时长，从CCA的结束时刻之后开始对终端设备进行侦听，更进一步的减少了终端设备对信道的侦听时间，更加减少了终端设备因侦听而消耗的电池电量。
第三方面，提供一种网络设备，该网络设备具有实现上述第一方面提供的信息收发方法中的网络设备行为的功能，所述功能可以通过硬件实现，也可以通过硬件执行相应的软件实现，所述硬件或软件包括一个或多个与上述功能相 对应的模块。
第四方面，提供一种终端设备，该终端设备具有实现上述第二方面提供的信息收发方法中的终端设备行为的功能，所述功能可以通过硬件实现，也可以通过硬件执行相应的软件实现，所述硬件或软件包括一个或多个与上述功能相对应的模块。
第五方面，提供一种信息收发系统，所述信息收发系统包括如第三方面提供的网络设备和第四方面提供的终端设备。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本发明实施例中的技术方案，下面将对实施例描述中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面描述中的附图仅仅是本发明的一些实施例，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动的前提下，还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。
图1是本发明一个示例性实施例提供的信息收发系统的结构示意图；
图2是本发明一个示例性实施例提供的信息收发方法的结构示意图；
图3是本发明一个示例性实施例提供的信息收发方法的流程图；
图3A是本发明另一个示例性实施例提供的信息收发方法的流程图；
图4是本发明另一个示例性实施例提供的信息收发方法的流程图；
图5是本发明另一个示例性实施例提供的信息收发方法的流程图；
图5A是本发明另一个示例性实施例提供的信息收发方法的流程图；
图6是本发明另一个示例性实施例提供的时刻示意图；
图7A是本发明另一个示例性实施例提供的信息收发方法的流程图；
图7B是本发明另一个示例性实施例提供的信息收发方法的流程图；
图8是本发明另一个示例性实施例提供的信息收发方法的流程图；
图9是本发明另一个示例性实施例提供的时刻示意图；
图10是本发明一个示例性实施例提供的信息收发装置的框图；
图11是本发明一个示例性实施例提供的信息收发装置的框图；
图12是本发明一个示例性实施例提供的信息收发系统的框图。
具体实施方式
下面将结合附图，对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述。 显然，所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有付出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本发明保护的范围。
本发明实施例涉及的终端设备，可以是指向用户提供语音和/或数据连通性的设备，具有无线连接功能的手持式设备、或连接到无线调制解调器的其他处理设备。终端设备可以经无线接入网(Radio Access Network，RAN)与一个或多个核心网进行通信，终端设备可以是移动终端，如移动电话(或称为“蜂窝”电话)和具有移动终端的计算机，例如，可以是便携式、袖珍式、手持式、计算机内置的或者车载的移动装置，它们与无线接入网交换语言和/或数据。例如，个人通信业务(PCS，Personal Communication Service)电话、无绳电话、会话发起协议(SIP)话机、无线本地环路(WLL，Wireless Local Loop)站、个人数字助理(PDA，Personal Digital Assistant)等设备。终端设备也可以称为系统、订户单元(Subscriber Unit)、订户站(Subscriber Station)，移动站(Mobile Station)、移动台(Mobile)、远程站(Remote Station)、接入点(Access Point)、远程终端(Remote Terminal)、接入终端(Access Terminal)、用户终端(User Terminal)、用户代理(User Agent)、用户设备(User Device)、或用户装备(User Equipment)。
本发明实施例所涉及的网络设备，可以是基站，该基站可用于将收到的空中帧与IP分组进行相互转换，作为终端设备与接入网的其余部分之间的路由器，其中接入网的其余部分可包括网际协议(IP)网络。基站还可协调对空中接口的属性管理。例如，基站可以是GSM或CDMA中的基站(BTS，Base Transceiver Station)，也可以是WCDMA中的基站(NodeB)，还可以是LTE中的演进型基站(eNB或e-NodeB，evolutional Node B)，本申请并不限定。
请参考图1，其示出了本发明一示例性实施例提供的信息收发系统的结构示意图。该信息收发系统包括：网络设备120和终端设备140。
网络设备120是该系统中与终端设备140进行交互的网元。
可选的，该系统是移动通信系统。
可选的，该系统是无线保真(Wireless Fidelity，WIFI)系统。
网络设备120和终端设备140通过信道160通信。在本发明实施例中，信 道160是采用非授权频谱或授权共享频谱(licensed shared access，LSA)的信道。授权共享频谱是至少两个运营商通过共享方式使用的授权频谱，共享频谱的使用方式与非授权频谱类似。
可选的，终端设备140是具有无线网络通信能力的电子设备。
可选的，网络设备120是长期演进(Long Term Evolution，LTE)中的演进型基站(evolutional Node B，eNB或e-NodeB)。
可选的，网络设备120是宽带码分多址(Wideband Code Division Multiple Access，WCDMA)中的基站(NodeB)。
可选的，网络设备120是全球移动通信系统(Global System for Mobile communication，GSM)或码分多址(Code Division Multiple Access，CDMA)中的基站(Base Transceiver Station，BTS)
可选的，网络设备120是无线保真(Wireless-Fidelity，WIFI)中的接入点(access point，AP)。
可选的，终端设备140是诸如手机、平板电脑、电子书阅读器和膝上型便携计算机等等具有无线网络通信能力的电子设备。
可选的，该信息收发系统中可以包括多个网络设备120和多个终端设备140，一个网络设备120可以与多个终端设备140进行数据通信。在图1中仅示出一个网络设备120和一个终端设备140来进行示例性说明，本实施例对此不再赘述。
网络设备120在与终端设备140进行数据通信时，以帧的形式收发数据，当网络设备120和终端设备140在使用非授权频谱或授权共享频谱的信道进行数据通信时，在收发每一帧的数据之前，网络设备120都要对信道进行LBT，如图2所示，LBT210即为网络设备120在收发帧220的数据之前进行的LBT过程。
一个帧220包括：导频221和数据222。可选的，导频221和数据222各自占用的时长是固定的，则帧220占用的时长L帧也是固定的。
网络设备120在每个帧220的LBT过程中可以对信道进行N次CCA，由于CCA的评估结果为信道处于空闲状态的时间是不固定的，因此，N是一个取值可变的正整数。对于每个LBT过程，网络设备120在进行CCA之前，会退避一定的时间，即网络设备在经过退避时间(英文：Backoff Time)后才开 始进行CCA。该退避时间还可以被理解为网络设备120和终端设备140之间互相约定的休息时间、休眠时间或等待时间。也即，网络设备120在退避时间不进行CCA，仅在退避时间之后进行CCA；对应地，终端设备140在退避时间处于休眠状态，不对信道进行监听。终端设备140仅在退避时间的结束时刻开始处于唤醒状态，从而对信道进行监听。
因为CCA的结果为信道处于空闲状态的时间无法预测，所以每个帧220的LBT过程中的N次退避时间中的N的取值是可变的。图2中示出的是N次退避时间的一般性示意：第1次退避、第1次CCA……第i次退避、第i次CCA，其中，1≤i≤N。对于i＝1的LBT过程，图2中未示出。
当网络设备经过第i次退避且第i次CCA的评估结果为该信道处于非空闲状态时，网络设备立即进行第i+1次退避，以此类推；
当网络设备经过第i次退避且第i次CCA的评估结果为该信道处于空闲状态时，网络设备结束该LBT过程。
可选的，每个退避时间后进行的CCA占用的时长Lcca是固定的。
可选的，每一次退避占用的时长是不同的，第i次退避占用的时长即为第i个退避时间Li。
请参考图3，其示出了本发明一个示例性实施例提供的信息收发方法的流程图。本实施例以该方法应用于图1所示的信息收发系统中进行说明，该方法包括：
步骤301，网络设备确定当前帧的退避时间；
可选的，当前帧的退避时间有N个，对于每一个当前帧来说，N的取值不同，本实施例对N的取值不作限定。
步骤302，终端设备确定当前帧的退避时间，退避时间是网络设备进行CCA前的退避时间；
退避时间由网络设备和终端设备在通信协议中事先约定，则终端设备根据通信协议确定当前帧的退避时间；
或者，退避时间由网络设备预先通过指示信令发送给终端设备，则终端设备根据网络设备发送的指示信令确定当前帧的退避时间。
步骤303，网络设备在退避时间的结束时刻对信道进行CCA，并获取CCA的评估结果；
步骤304，终端设备根据退避时间对信道进行侦听；
终端设备在退避时间的结束时刻之后开始侦听；
或者，终端设备在CCA的结束时刻之后开始侦听。
终端设备在结束时刻之后开始侦听是指，终端设备在退避时间或者CCA的结束时刻的下一个时刻开始侦听。
可选的，根据时间单位的不同，下一个时刻的确定方式也不同。以结束时刻为300ms时刻为例，若时间单位为1ms，则下一个时刻为301ms；若时间单位为0.01ms，则下一个时刻为300.01ms；若时间单位无限小，则下一个时刻为300ms。本实施例对下一个时刻的确定方式不作限定。
步骤305，网络设备在CCA的评估结果为信道处于空闲状态时，使用信道发送导频；
步骤306，网络设备在发送导频之后，使用该信道向终端设备发送当前帧的数据；
步骤307，若终端设备在信道上侦听到网络设备发送的导频，则终端设备接收网络设备在该信道上发送的当前帧的数据。
网络设备在发送导频后，随即发送当前帧数据，则终端设备接收到导频后，随即接收到当前帧的数据。
需要说明的是，上述步骤301、303、305、306可以单独实现成为网络设备侧的信息收发方法，步骤302、304、307可以单独实现成为终端设备侧的信息收发方法。
可选的，在基于上述实施例的其他可选实施例中，步骤306和步骤307可被替代实现为步骤308和步骤309，如图3A所示：
步骤308，若终端设备在信道上侦听到网络设备发送的导频，则终端设备在该信道上向网络设备发送当前帧的数据；
步骤309，网络设备在发送导频之后，在该信道上接收终端设备发送的当前帧的数据。
终端设备在接收到导频后，在第一预定时间间隔后发送当前帧的数据，则网络设备在发送导频后，经过第二预定接收间隔后接收到终端设备发送的当前帧的数据，本实施例对第一预定时间间隔和第二预定时间间隔不作限定
综上所述，本发明实施例提供的信息收发方法，通过网络设备和终端设备 确定当前帧的退避时间，网络设备在退避时间的结束时刻对信道进行CCA并获取CCA的评估结果；终端设备根据退避时间对信道进行侦听；网络设备在CCA的评估结果为信道处于空闲状态时，使用信道发送导频，在发送导频后，收发当前帧的数据，终端设备在侦听到导频后，收发当前帧的数据；使终端设备仅在网络设备可能向终端设备发送导频和数据的时刻才对信道进行侦听，在网络设备不可能向终端设备发送导频和数据的其他时间段内不对信道进行侦听，或者进入休眠状态，减少了终端设备对信道的侦听时间，减少了终端设备因侦听而消耗的电池电量。
请参考图4，其示出了本发明另一个示例性实施例提供的信息收发方法的流程图。本实施例以该方法应用于图1所示的信息收发系统中进行说明，该方法包括：
步骤401，网络设备在第1个退避时间之前确定当前帧的退避时间。
可选的，当前帧的退避时间为至少两个。
可选的，网络设备确定当前帧的第1个退避时间的时长L1、第2个退避时间的时长L2、第3个退避时间的时长L3……均相等。
可选的，每个退避时间的时长均为300ms。
可选的，网络设备在当前帧的第1个退避时间的起始时刻确定当前帧的退避时间。
步骤402，网络设备向终端设备发送指示信令，指示信令用于指示退避时间。
具体的，网络设备可以在确定了当前帧的退避时间之后，且在第1个退避时间之前向终端设备发送指示信令。
可选的，指示信令包括每个退避时间的时长。网络设备通过指示信令向终端设备告知当前帧的每个退避时间的时长。
网络设备在向终端设备发送指示信令后，开始第1次退避。
步骤403，终端设备接收网络设备发送的指示信令，指示信令用于指示退避时间。
可选的，终端设备在当前帧的第1个退避时间的起始时刻接收网络设备发送的指示信令。
步骤404，终端设备确定当前帧的退避时间。
其中，退避时间是网络设备进行CCA前的退避时间。
可选的，该步骤具体实现为：终端设备接收指示信令，根据指示信令确定当前帧的每一个退避时间的时长。
步骤405，网络设备在第i-1个退避时间的结束时刻对信道进行第i-1次CCA，并获取CCA的评估结果。
其中，i为大于等于2的正整数。
网络设备根据步骤401中确定的退避时间，确定第i-1个退避时间的结束时刻，在第i-1个退避时间的结束时刻进行CCA。
可选的，网络设备在对信道进行CCA时，通过对信道进行能量检测(Energy Detection，ED)给出CCA的评估结果：当信道上的能量超过能量阈值时，CCA的评估结果为信道处于非空闲状态；当信道上的能量不超过能量阈值时，CCA的评估结果为信道处于空闲状态。本实施例对能量阈值的取值不作限定。
对应的，在终端设备侧：
步骤406，终端设备在第i-1个退避时间的结束时刻之后对信道进行第i-1次侦听，侦听时长不超过预定侦听时长。
其中，i为大于等于2的正整数。
可选的，网络设备与无线设备在通信协议中事先约定每次CCA占用的时长Lcca，Lcca是固定的。
可选的，预定侦听时长是默认时长或网络设备预配置的时长。
可选的，预定侦听时长大于每个退避时间对应的CCA的时长Lcca。
可选的，预定侦听时长为Lcca+L导，其中，L导是一帧中导频占用的时长。
步骤407，网络设备在第i-1次CCA的评估结果为信道处于非空闲状态时，确定第i个退避时间的起始时刻等于ETi-1，确定第i个退避时间的结束时刻等于ETi-1与Li两者之和所对应的时刻。
其中，ETi-1是第i-1次CCA的结束时刻，第i-1次CCA是在第i-1个退避时间的结束时刻进行的CCA，Li是第i个退避时间的时长。
网络设备确定第i-1次CCA的结束时刻，即第i个退避时间的起始时刻为ETi-1，并进行第i次退避，则确定第i个退避时间的结束时刻为ETi-1+Li。
网络设备根据通信协议确定Lcca的时长，并确定第i次CCA的结束时刻为ETi-1+Li+Lcca。
网络设备在第i个退避时间的结束时刻ETi-1+Li进行第i次CCA，即重新 执行步骤405，此时，步骤405中的i-1被替代实现为i。
需要说明的是，当第i-1次CCA的评估结果为信道处于非空闲状态时，网络设备不发送导频，因此终端设备在第i-1次侦听中也不会侦听到导频。即当网络设备进行第i次退避时，终端设备也相应的在第i个退避时间内进入休眠状态，直到进行第i次侦听。
则在终端设备侧：
步骤408，终端设备在第i-1次侦听中未侦听到导频时，确定第i个退避时间的起始时刻等于ETi-1，确定第i个退避时间的结束时刻等于ETi-1与Li两者之和所对应的时刻。
当终端设备在第i-1次侦听的预定侦听时长内未侦听到导频时，重新进入休眠状态；并根据第i个退避时间的起始时刻为ETi-1和第i个退避时间的时长Li确定第i个退避时间的结束时刻为ETi-1+Li。
终端设备根据通信协议确定网络设备的第i次CCA占用的时长Lcca，并由此确定第i+1个退避时间的起始时刻为ETi-1+Li+Lcca。
终端设备在第i个退避时间的结束时刻ETi-1+Li之后对信道进行第i次侦听，即重新执行步骤406，此时，步骤406中的i-1被替代实现为i。
可选的，在基于上述实施例的其他可选实施例中，当网络设备的第i-1次CCA的评估结果为信道处于空闲状态时，网络设备发送导频；对应的，终端设备在第i-1次侦听中侦听到导频，则上述步骤407和步骤408可被替代实现为以下步骤，如图5所示：
可选的，网络设备与终端设备通过导频进行同步，网络设备和终端设备可以对导频的内容进行预先定义，且每一个网络设备所使用的导频都与其他网络设备所使用的导频的内容不同，终端设备可以根据预先定义的导频的内容对导频进行识别。
步骤409，网络设备在第i-1次CCA的评估结果为该信道处于空闲状态时，使用该信道发送导频。
网络设备使用该信道发送已经预先定义了内容的导频。
步骤410，网络设备在发送导频后，使用该信道向终端设备发送当前帧的数据。
步骤411，终端设备在对信道的第i-1次侦听中，侦听到网络设备发送的 导频，则终端设备接收网络设备在该信道上发送的当前帧的数据。
无线终端在信道上进行侦听，当侦听到能够识别的导频时，在该信道上接收导频之后的数据，即为当前帧的数据。
可选的，在基于上述实施例的其他可选实施例中，步骤410和步骤411可被替代实现为步骤412和步骤413，如图5A所示：
步骤412，终端设备在对信道的第i-1次侦听中，侦听到网络设备发送的导频，则终端设备在该信道上向网络设备发送当前帧的数据。
步骤413，网络设备在发送导频之后，在该信道上接收终端设备发送的当前帧的数据。
可选的，网络设备在预定接收间隔后接收到终端设备发送的当前帧的数据。
在一个示例性的例子中，网络设备确定当前帧的每一个退避时间的时长均为300ms，终端设备通过指示信令也确定当前帧的每一个退避时间的时长为300ms，终端设备的预定侦听时长为200ms，网络设备进行每一次CCA占用的时长为150ms。
在该示例性的例子中，以时间单位为1ms，即结束时刻的下一个时刻与结束时刻之间的时间差为1ms为例进行举例说明，则网络设备的退避过程对应的时刻以及终端设备侦听过程对应的时刻如图6所示：
网络设备在0时刻进行第1次退避，经过第1个退避时间后，对信道进行第1次CCA，则第1个退避时间的结束时刻即第1次CCA的起始时刻为300ms时刻。CCA占用的时长为150ms，则第1次CCA的结束时刻即第2个退避时间的起始时刻为450ms时刻。
网络设备在第1次对信道进行CCA的结果为信道处于非空闲状态时，继续进行第2次退避，则确定第2个退避时间的结束时刻即第2次CCA的起始时刻为750ms时刻。
对应的，终端设备在当前帧的0时刻开始进入休眠状态，即在601过程中进入休眠，确定第1个退避时间的结束时刻为300ms时刻，并在300ms时刻的下一个时刻，即301ms时刻开始对信道进行第1次侦听，侦听时长为200ms，即侦听到501ms时刻，如果没有侦听到导频，则结束侦听，也即在602过程中保持侦听。
终端设备在第1次侦听过程中没有侦听到导频，则重新进入休眠状态，即重新经历601所示的过程，根据CCA的时长和第2个退避时间的时长确定第2个退避时间的结束时刻为750ms时刻，并在750ms时刻之后的下一个时刻，即751ms时刻开始第2次侦听，即开始重新经历602所示的过程。
网络设备以上述方法进行退避，终端设备以上述方法对信道进行侦听，其他过程如图6所示，本实施例对此不再赘述。
综上所述，本发明实施例提供的信息收发方法，终端设备接收网络设备发送的指示信令，指示信令包括每一个退避时间的时长，确定网络设备的每一个退避时间的时长，从网络设备的退避时间的结束时刻，即网络设备可能向终端设备发送导频和数据的时刻才开始对信道进行侦听，在网络设备不可能向终端设备发送导频和数据的其他时间段内不对信道进行侦听，或者进入休眠状态，减少了终端设备对信道的侦听时间，减少了终端设备因侦听而消耗的电池电量。
可选的，在基于上述实施例的其他可选实施例中，当信道在某一时间段中一直处于忙碌状态时，网络设备在进行了多次退避后，CCA的结果仍然是信道处于非空闲状态；此时，即使网络设备继续进行退避，仍然无法使用该信道。
在该可选实施例中，提前为网络设备设定在当前帧中进行退避的最大次数Nmax，当网络设备进行了Nmax次退避后仍然不能使用该信道时，则放弃收发当前帧的数据。
网络设备确定当前帧退避时间的最大个数Nmax，并通过指示信令将该最大个数发送个终端设备，使终端设备在第Nmax次侦听中仍未侦听到导频，放弃收发当前帧的数据。
也即，指示信令还包括：退避时间的最大个数Nmax。
则在图4所示的实施例中，步骤405之后还包括步骤701和步骤702，如图7A所示：
步骤701，网络设备在第i-1次CCA的评估结果为信道处于非空闲状态时，检测i是否大于最大个数Nmax。
其中，第i-1次CCA是在第i-1个退避时间的结束时刻进行的CCA，i是大于等于2的正整数。
若i不大于最大个数Nmax，则执行上述步骤407；
若i大于最大个数Nmax，则执行步骤702：
步骤702，若i大于最大个数Nmax，则网络设备确定下一帧中第1个退避时间的起始时刻等于ETi-1与L帧两者之和所对应的时刻，确定下一帧中第1个退避时间的结束时刻等于ETi-1、L帧和L1三者之和所对应的时刻。
其中，L帧是一帧占用的时长，L1是下一帧的第1个退避时间的时长，i为大于等于2的正整数。
可选的，若下一帧的各个退避时间与当前帧的各个退避时间相同，则网络设备在下一帧的第1个退避时间的起始时刻开始第1次退避；
若下一帧的各个退避时间与当前帧的各个退避时间不完全相同，则网络设备在下一帧的第1个退避时间的起始时刻，或，在下一帧的第1个退避时间的起始时刻之前确定下一帧的各个退避时间，即重新执行上述步骤401。本实施例对网络设备确定下一帧退避时间的时刻不作限定。
对应的，终端设备在第i-1次侦听中未侦听到导频，步骤406之后还包括步骤703和步骤704，如图7B所示：
步骤703，终端设备在第i-1次侦听中未侦听到导频时，检测i是否大于最大个数Nmax。
其中，第i-1次CCA是在第i-1个所述退避时间的结束时刻进行的CCA，i为大于等于2的正整数。
若i不大于最大个数Nmax，则终端设备执行上述步骤408；
若i大于最大个数Nmax，则终端设备执行步骤704：
步骤704，若i大于最大个数Nmax，则终端设备确定下一帧中第1个退避时间的起始时刻等于ETi-1与L帧两者之和所对应的时刻，确定下一帧中第1个退避时间的结束时刻等于ETi-1、所述L帧和L1三者之和所对应的时刻。
其中，L帧是一帧所占用的时长，L1是所述下一帧的第1个退避时间的时长，i为大于等于2的正整数。
可选的，若下一帧的各个退避时间与当前帧的各个退避时间相同，则终端设备休眠直至下一帧的第1个退避时间的结束时刻之后开始对信道进行第1次侦听；
若下一帧的各个退避时间与当前帧的各个退避时间不完全相同，则终端设备在下一帧的第1个退避时间的起始时刻，或，在下一帧的第1个退避时间的起始时刻之前接收网络设备发送的指示信令，并重新确定下一帧的各个退避时间，即重新执行上述步骤403。本实施例对终端设备确定下一帧退避时间的时 刻不作限定。
综上所述，本发明实施例提供的信息收发方法，通过网络设备确定退避时间的最大个数Nmax并通过指示信令发送给终端设备，当网络设备的第Nmax次CCA的评估结果仍为信道处于非空闲状态时，网络设备放弃发送当前帧的数据，直接进行下一帧的退避，避免网络设备在当前帧的LBT过程中花费太长时间，耽误了下一帧数据的通信。
可选的，在基于上述实施例的其他可选实施例中，当前帧中包括N个退避时间，且当前帧的每个退避时间的时长L1、L2、L3……LN是不同的，网络设备在确定了当前帧的退避时间后，通过指示信令将每个退避时间的时长发送给终端设备。
也即，指示信令包括：N个退避时间中每个退避时间的时长，N为正整数。
在一个示例性的例子中，当前帧包括5个退避时间，则网络设备通过指示信令分别发送每个退避时间的时长为300ms、200ms、500ms、250ms、700ms。
可选的，在基于上述实施例的其他可选实施例中，若网络设备在当前帧中进行退避的次数较多，即当前帧的退避时间的个数N很大时，若网络设备通过信令将每个退避时间的时长都发送给终端设备，则会使用大量的信令资源。
可选的，网络设备使用指示信令向终端设备发送第1个退避时间的时长，以及其他退避时间的时长与第1个退避时间的时长的关系。
则指示信令包括：N个退避时间中指定退避时间的时长，以及指定退避时间和N个退避时间中除指令退避时间之外的退避时间之间的时长关系，时长关系为指数关系、倍数关系或等差序列关系，N为正整数。
网络设备在第1个退避时间之前向终端设备发送指示信令。
则终端设备在确定每一个退避时间时，也即上述步骤404具体实现为：终端设备根据接收到的指示信令中的指定退避时间的时长，以及指定退避时间和N个退避时间中除指定退避时间之外的退避时间之间的时长关系，确定每一个退避时间的时长。
在一个示例性的例子中，网络设备当前帧的退避时间的个数N为50，网络设备通过指示信令发送第1个退避时间的时长L1为100ms，再通过指示信令向终端设备发送退避时间的时长为等差序列关系，且公差为10ms。则网络设 备向终端设备指示退避时间时，只需使用两条指示信令，而无需使用50条指示信令。终端设备在接收到指示信令后，能确定每一个退避时间的时长分别为100ms、110ms、120ms、130ms……。
综上所述，本发明实施例提供的信息收发方法，终端设备通过接收网络设备发送的指示信令，获取N个退避时间中指定退避时间的时长，以及指定退避时间和N个退避时间中其它退避时间之间的时长关系，可以通过指定退避时间的时长和其他退避时间的时长关系，由终端设备计算并确定每一个退避时间的时长，而不需要通过接收终端设备发送的每一个退避时间进行确定，减少了网络设备向终端设备发送的指示信令数，减少对信道资源的占用。
可选的，在基于上述实施例的其他可选实施例中，由于网络设备要在CCA结束后并得出评估结果后才有可能发送导频，所以终端设备在网络设备进行CCA的过程中是不可能侦听到导频的，则终端设备可以在网络设备进行CCA的过程中也进入休眠状态。
网络设备可以使用指示信令将每次CCA占用的时长Lcca发送给终端设备，使终端设备确定每次CCA的时长，并在CCA的结束时刻之后才开始对信道进行侦听。
则网络设备向终端设备发送的指示信令还包括：每个退避时间对应的CCA的时长Lcca。
可选的，每个退避时间对应的CCA的时长Lcca是不同的。
则终端设备在对信道进行侦听时，可以在CCA的结束时刻之后开始侦听，也即上述步骤406可被替代实现为406b，如图8所示：
步骤406b：终端设备在退避时间的结束时刻和Lcca两者之和所对应的时刻之后开始侦听，侦听时长不超过预定侦听时长。
其中，Lcca是退避时间所对应的CCA的时长，预定侦听时长是默认时长或网络设备预配置的时长。
可选的，终端设备在网络设备结束第i次CCA之后开始侦听，预定侦听时长是一帧中导频占用的时长L导。
在一个示例性的例子中，网络设备确定当前帧的每一个退避时间的时长均为300ms，终端设备通过指示信令也确定当前帧的每一个退避时间的时长为 300ms，终端设备的预定侦听时长为50ms，网络设备进行每一次CCA占用的时长均为150ms。
在该示例性的例子中，以时间单位为1ms，即结束时刻的下一个时刻与结束时刻之间的时间差为1ms为例进行举例说明，则网络设备的退避过程对应的时刻以及终端设备侦听过程对应的时刻如图9所示：
网络设备在0时刻进行第1次退避，经过第1个退避时间后，对信道进行第1次CCA，则第1个退避时间的结束时刻即第1次CCA的起始时刻为300ms时刻。CCA占用的时长为150ms，则第1次CCA的结束时刻即第2个退避时间的起始时刻为450ms时刻。
网络设备在第1次对信道进行CCA的结果为信道处于非空闲状态时，继续进行第2次退避，则确定第2个退避时间的结束时刻即第2次CCA的起始时刻为750ms时刻。
对应的，终端设备在当前帧的0时刻开始进入休眠状态，即在901过程中进入休眠，确定第1个退避时间的结束时刻和Lcca两者之和对应的时刻为450ms时刻，并在450ms时刻之后，即在下一个时刻，也即451ms时刻开始对信道进行第1次侦听，侦听时长为50ms，即侦听到501ms时刻，如果没有侦听到导频，则结束侦听，也即在902过程中保持侦听。
终端设备在第1次侦听过程中没有侦听到导频，则重新进入休眠状态，即重新经历901所示的过程，根据CCA的时长和第2个退避时间的时长确定第2个退避时间的结束时刻和Lcca两者之和对应的时刻为900ms时刻，并在900ms时刻之后，即在下一个时刻，也即901ms时刻开始第2次侦听，即开始重新经历902所示的过程。
网络设备以上述方法进行退避，终端设备以上述方法对信道进行侦听，其他过程如图9所示，本实施例对此不再赘述。
综上所述，本发明实施例提供的信息收发方法，网络设备通过指示信令将每个退避时间对应的CCA的时长也发送给终端设备，终端设备通过确定退避时间的时长和对应的CCA的时长，从CCA的结束时刻开始对终端设备进行侦听，更进一步的减少了终端设备对信道的侦听时间，更加减少了终端设备因侦听而消耗的电池电量。
下述为本发明装置实施例，可以用于执行本发明方法实施例。对于本发明 装置实施例中未披露的细节，请参照本发明方法实施例。
请参考图10，其示出了本发明实施例提供的一种信息收发装置的结构方框图，该装置具有实现上述方法设计中网络设备行为的功能。该信息收发装置可以包括：
处理单元1010，用于确定当前帧的退避时间。
处理单元1010，还用于在确定的当前帧的退避时间的结束时刻对信道进行CCA，并获取CCA的评估结果。
收发单元1020，用于在处理单元1010获取到的CCA的评估结果为信道处于空闲状态时，使用信道发送导频；并在发送导频之后，使用信道向终端设备发送当前帧的数据，或者在信道上接收终端设备发送的当前帧的数据。
其中，处理单元1010对应的实体装置是处理器，收发单元1020对应的实体装置是收发器。
处理器包括一个或者一个以上处理核心，用于执行各种功能应用以及数据处理。
收发器可以实现为一通信组件，通信组件可以是一块通信芯片，通信芯片中可以包括接收模块、发射模块和调制解调模块等，用于对数据或信息进行调制解调，并通过无线信号接收或发送该数据或信息。
可选的，该信息收发装置还包括存储器。
存储器与处理器相连，用于存储软件程序以及模块。
存储器可以由任何类型的易失性或非易失性存储设备或者它们的组合实现，如静态随机存取存储器(SRAM)，电可擦除可编程只读存储器(EEPROM)，可擦除可编程只读存储器(EPROM)，可编程只读存储器(PROM)，只读存储器(ROM)，磁存储器，快闪存储器，磁盘或光盘。
相关细节可参考上述方法实施例。
本实施例的有益效果请参照上述方法实施例的有益效果，在此不再赘述。
请参考图11，其示出了本发明实施例提供的一种信息收发装置的结构方框图，该装置具有实现上述方法设计中终端设备行为的功能。该信息收发装置可以包括：
处理单元1110，用于确定当前帧的退避时间，退避时间是网络设备进行 CCA前的退避时间。
处理单元1110，还用于根据当前帧的退避时间对信道进行侦听。
收发单元1120，用于在处理单元在信道上侦听到网络设备发送的导频时，接收网络设备在信道上发送的当前帧的数据，或者在信道上向网络设备发送当前帧的数据。
其中，处理单元1110对应的实体装置是处理器，收发单元1120对应的实体装置是收发器。
处理器包括一个或者一个以上处理核心，用于执行各种功能应用以及数据处理。
收发器可以实现为一通信组件，通信组件可以是一块通信芯片，通信芯片中可以包括接收模块、发射模块和调制解调模块等，用于对数据或信息进行调制解调，并通过无线信号接收或发送该数据或信息。
可选的，该信息收发装置还包括存储器。
存储器与处理器相连，用于存储软件程序以及模块。
存储器可以由任何类型的易失性或非易失性存储设备或者它们的组合实现，如静态随机存取存储器(SRAM)，电可擦除可编程只读存储器(EEPROM)，可擦除可编程只读存储器(EPROM)，可编程只读存储器(PROM)，只读存储器(ROM)，磁存储器，快闪存储器，磁盘或光盘。
相关细节可参考上述方法实施例。
本实施例的有益效果请参照上述方法实施例的有益效果，在此不再赘述。
在另一个可选的实施例中，网络设备将退避时间通过指示信令发送给终端设备，当前帧的退避时间为至少两个，且网络设备进行第i-1次CCA的评估结果为信道处于非空闲状态。
上述处理单元1010，用于在第1个退避时间之前确定当前帧的退避时间。
上述收发单元1020，还用于向终端设备发送指示信令，指示信令用于指示处理单元1010确定的当前帧的退避时间，指示信令中包括N个退避时间中每个退避时间的时长，N为正整数，或，N个退避时间中指定退避时间的时长，以及指定退避时间和N个退避时间中除指定退避时间之外的退避时间之间的时长关系，时长关系为指数关系、倍数关系或等差序列关系，N为正整数。
上述处理单元1010，还用于在第i-1个退避时间的结束时刻对信道进行第 i-1次CCA，并获取CCA的评估结果。
上述处理单元1010，还用于在第i-1次CCA的评估结果为信道处于非空闲状态时，确定第i个退避时间的起始时刻等于ETi-1，确定第i个退避时间的结束时刻等于ETi-1与Li两者之和所对应的时刻，其中，ETi-1是第i-1次CCA的结束时刻，第i-1次CCA是在第i-1个退避时间的结束时刻进行的CCA，Li是第i个退避时间的时长，i为大于等于2的正整数。
相关细节可参考上述方法实施例。
在另一个可选的实施例中，终端设备通过接收网络设备发送的指示信令确定退避时间，当前帧的退避时间为至少两个，且终端设备在第i-1次侦听中未侦听到导频，
上述收发单元1120，用于接收网络设备发送的指示信令，指示信令用于指示退避时间，指示信令包括N个退避时间中每个退避时间的时长，N为正整数，或，N个退避时间中指定退避时间的时长，以及指定退避时间和N个退避时间中除指定退避时间之外的退避时间之间的时长关系，时长关系为指数关系、倍数关系或等差序列关系，N为正整数。
上述处理单元1110，用于确定当前帧的退避时间。
上述处理单元1110，还用于在第i-1个退避时间的结束时刻之后对信道进行第i-1次侦听，侦听时长不超过预定侦听时长，其中，预定侦听时长是默认时长或网络设备预配置的时长。
上述处理单元1110，还用于在第i-1次侦听中未侦听到导频时，确定第i个退避时间的起始时刻等于ETi-1，确定第i个退避时间的结束时刻等于ETi-1与Li两者之和所对应的时刻，其中，ETi-1是第i-1次CCA的结束时刻，第i-1次CCA是在第i-1个退避时间的结束时刻进行的CCA，Li是第i个退避时间的时长，i为大于等于2的正整数。
相关细节可参考上述方法实施例。
本实施例的有益效果请参照上述方法实施例的有益效果，在此不再赘述。
在再一个可选的实施例中，网络设备将退避时间通过指示信令发送给终端设备，当前帧的退避时间为至少两个，且网络设备进行第i-1次CCA的评估结果为信道处于空闲状态，
上述收发单元1020，还用于在第i-1次CCA的评估结果为该信道处于空 闲状态时，使用该信道发送导频。
上述收发单元1020，还用于在发送导频之后，使用信道向终端设备发送当前帧的数据，或者在信道上接收终端设备发送的当前帧的数据。
相关细节可参考上述方法实施例。
在再一个可选的实施例中，终端设备通过接收网络设备发送的指示信令确定退避时间，当前帧的退避时间为至少两个，且终端设备在第i-1次侦听中侦听到导频，
上述收发单元1120，还用于在处理单元1110在信道上侦听到网络设备发送的导频时，接收网络设备在信道上发送的当前帧的数据，或者在信道上向网络设备发送当前帧的数据。
相关细节可参考上述方法实施例。
本实施例的有益效果请参照上述方法实施例的有益效果，在此不再赘述。
在再一个可选的实施例中，网络设备通过上述收发单元1020向终端设备发送的指示信令中还包括：退避时间的最大个数Nmax。
上述处理单元1010，还用于在第i-1次CCA的评估结果为信道处于非空闲状态时，检测i是否大于最大个数Nmax。
上述处理单元1010，还用于在i不大于最大个数Nmax时，确定第i个退避时间的起始时刻等于ETi-1，第i个退避时间的结束时刻等于ETi-1与Li之和所对应的时刻。
上述处理单元1010，还用于在i大于最大个数Nmax时，确定下一帧的第1个退避时间的起始时刻等于ETi-1与L帧两者之和所对应的时刻，确定下一帧中第1个退避时间的结束时刻等于ETi-1、L帧和L1三者之和所对应的时刻，其中，L帧是一帧所占用的时长，L1是下一帧的第1个退避时间的时长，i为大于等于2的正整数。
相关细节可结合参考上述方法实施例。
在再一个可选的实施例中，终端设备通过上述收发单元1120接收到的终端设备发送的指示信令中还包括：退避时间的最大个数Nmax。
上述处理单元1110，还用于在第i-1次侦听中未侦听到导频时，检测i是否大于最大个数Nmax。
上述处理单元1110，还用于在i不大于最大个数Nmax时，确定第i个退避 时间的起始时刻等于ETi-1，第i个退避时间的结束时刻等于ETi-1与Li两者之和所对应的时刻。
上述处理单元1110，还用于在i大于最大个数Nmax时，确定下一帧中第1个退避时间的起始时刻等于ETi-1与L帧两者之和所对应的时刻，确定下一帧中第1个退避时间的结束时刻等于ETi-1、L帧和L1三者之和所对应的时刻，其中，L帧是一帧所占用的时长，L1是下一帧的第1个退避时间的时长，i为大于等于2的正整数。
相关细节可结合参考上述方法实施例。
本实施例的有益效果请参照对应的方法实施例的有益效果，在此不再赘述。
在再一个可选的实施例中，网络设备通过上述收发单元1020向终端设备发送的指示信令中还包括：每个退避时间所对应的CCA的时长Lcca。
上述处理单元1110，还用于在退避时间的结束时刻和Lcca两者之和所对应的时刻之后开始侦听，侦听时长不超过预定侦听时长，其中，Lcca是退避时间所对应的CCA的时长，预定侦听时长是默认时长或网络设备预配置的时长。
相关细节可结合参考上述方法实施例。
需要说明的是，上述处理单元1010对应的实体装置是处理器；收发单元1020对应的实体装置是收发器；处理单元1110对应的实体装置是处理器，收发单元1120对应的实体装置是收发器。
本实施例的有益效果请参照对应的方法实施例的有益效果，在此不再赘述。
请参考图12，其示出了本发明实施例提供的一种信息收发系统的结构方框图，该信息收发系统包括：网络设备1210和终端设备1220，网络设备1210和终端设备1220通过信道1230建立通信连接。
网络设备1210，用于确定当前帧的退避时间。
网络设备1210，还用于在退避时间的结束时刻对信道1230进行CCA，并获取CCA的评估结果。
终端设备1220，用于确定当前帧的退避时间，退避时间是网络设备1210进行CCA前的退避时间。
终端设备1220，还用于根据退避时间对信道1230进行侦听。
网络设备1210，还用于当CCA的评估结果为信道1230处于空闲状态时， 使用信道1230发送导频。
网络设备1210，还用于在发送导频之后，使用信道1230向终端设备1220发送当前帧的数据，或者在信道1230上接收终端设备1220发送的当前帧的数据。
终端设备1220，还用于当在信道1230上侦听到网络设备1210发送的导频时，接收网络设备1210在信道1230上发送的当前帧的数据，或者在信道1230上向网络设备1210发送当前帧的数据。
综上所述，本发明实施例提供的信息收发装置，通过网络设备和终端设备确定当前帧的退避时间，网络设备在退避时间的结束时刻对信道进行CCA并获取CCA的评估结果；终端设备根据退避时间对信道进行侦听；网络设备在CCA的评估结果为信道处于空闲状态时，使用信道发送导频，在发送导频后，收发当前帧的数据，终端设备在侦听到导频后，收发当前帧的数据；使终端设备仅在网络设备可能向终端设备发送导频和数据的时刻才对信道进行侦听，在网络设备不可能向终端设备发送导频和数据的其他时间段内不对信道进行侦听，或者进入休眠状态，减少了终端设备对信道的侦听时间，减少了终端设备因侦听而消耗的电池电量。
综上所述，本发明实施例提供的信息收发装置，通过网络设备确定退避时间的最大个数Nmax并通过指示信令发送给终端设备，当网络设备的第Nmax次CCA的评估结果仍为信道处于非空闲状态时，网络设备放弃发送当前帧的数据，直接进行下一帧的退避，避免网络设备在当前帧的LBT过程中花费太长时间，耽误了下一帧数据的通信。
综上所述，本发明实施例提供的信息收发装置，终端设备通过接收网络设备发送的指示信令，获取N个退避时间中指定退避时间的时长，以及指定退避时间和N个退避时间中其它退避时间之间的时长关系，可以通过指定退避时间的时长和其他退避时间的时长关系，由终端设备计算并确定每一个退避时间的时长，而不需要通过接收终端设备发送的每一个退避时间进行确定，减少了网络设备向终端设备发送的指示信令数，减少对信道资源的占用。
综上所述，本发明实施例提供的信息收发装置，网络设备通过指示信令将每个退避时间对应的CCA的时长也发送给终端设备，终端设备通过确定退避时间的时长和对应的CCA的时长，从CCA的结束时刻开始对终端设备进行侦听，更进一步的减少了终端设备对信道的侦听时间，更加减少了终端设备因侦 听而消耗的电池电量。
需要说明的是：上述实施例提供的信息收发装置和终端在收发信息时，仅以上述各功能单元的划分进行举例说明，实际应用中，可以根据需要而将上述功能分配由不同的功能单元完成，即将设备的内部结构划分成不同的功能单元，以完成以上描述的全部或者部分功能。另外，上述实施例提供的信息收发装置与信息收发方法实施例属于同一构思，其具体实现过程详见方法实施例，这里不再赘述。
应当理解的是，在本文中使用的，除非上下文清楚地支持例外情况，单数形式“一个”(“a”、“an”、“the”)旨在也包括复数形式。还应当理解的是，在本文中使用的“和/或”是指包括一个或者一个以上相关联地列出的项目的任意和所有可能组合。
上述本发明实施例序号仅仅为了描述，不代表实施例的优劣。
本领域普通技术人员可以理解实现上述实施例的全部或部分步骤可以通过硬件来完成，也可以通过程序来指令相关的硬件完成，所述的程序可以存储于一种计算机可读存储介质中，上述提到的存储介质可以是只读存储器，磁盘或光盘等。
以上所述仅为本发明的较佳实施例，并不用以限制本发明，凡在本发明的精神和原则之内，所作的任何修改、等同替换、改进等，均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。

Claims (37)

  1. 一种信息收发方法，其特征在于，所述方法包括：
    网络设备确定当前帧的退避时间；
    所述网络设备在所述退避时间的结束时刻对信道进行空闲信道评估CCA，并获取所述CCA的评估结果；
    当所述CCA的评估结果为所述信道处于空闲状态时，所述网络设备使用所述信道发送导频；
    所述网络设备在发送所述导频之后，使用所述信道向终端设备发送所述当前帧的数据，或者在所述信道上接收所述终端设备发送的所述当前帧的数据。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于，所述网络设备确定当前帧的退避时间之后，在所述退避时间的结束时刻对信道进行空闲信道评估CCA之前，还包括：
    所述网络设备向所述终端设备发送指示信令，所述指示信令用于指示所述退避时间。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的方法，其特征在于，所述指示信令至少包括：
    N个所述退避时间中每个退避时间的时长，N为正整数；或，
    N个所述退避时间中指定退避时间的时长，以及所述指定退避时间和N个所述退避时间中除所述指定退避时间之外的退避时间之间的时长关系，所述时长关系为指数关系、倍数关系或等差序列关系，N为正整数。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的方法，其特征在于，所述指示信令还包括：
    每个所述退避时间所对应的CCA的时长Lcca。
  5. 根据权利要求3所述的方法，其特征在于，所述指示信令还包括：
    所述退避时间的最大个数Nmax。
  6. 根据权利要求1至4任一所述的方法，其特征在于，当所述当前帧的退避时间为至少两个时，所述网络设备确定当前帧的退避时间，包括：
    在第i-1次CCA的评估结果为所述信道处于非空闲状态时，确定第i个所述退避时间的起始时刻等于ETi-1，确定第i个所述退避时间的结束时刻等于所述ETi-1与Li两者之和所对应的时刻；
    其中，所述ETi-1是所述第i-1次CCA的结束时刻，所述第i-1次CCA是在第i-1个所述退避时间的结束时刻进行的CCA，所述Li是第i个所述退避时间的时长，i为大于等于2的正整数。
  7. 根据权利要求5所述的方法，其特征在于，所述网络设备确定当前帧的退避时间，包括：
    在第i-1次CCA的评估结果为所述信道处于非空闲状态时，检测i是否大于所述最大个数Nmax；
    若所述i不大于所述最大个数Nmax，则确定第i个所述退避时间的起始时刻等于ETi-1，第i个所述退避时间的结束时刻等于所述ETi-1与Li之和所对应的时刻；
    其中，所述ETi-1是所述第i-1次CCA的结束时刻，所述第i-1次CCA是在第i-1个所述退避时间的结束时刻进行的CCA，所述Li是所述当前帧的第i个所述退避时间的时长，i为大于等于2的正整数。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的方法，其特征在于，所述检测i是否大于所述最大个数Nmax之后，还包括：
    若所述i大于所述最大个数Nmax，则确定下一帧的第1个所述退避时间的起始时刻等于所述ETi-1与L帧两者之和所对应的时刻，确定所述下一帧中第1个所述退避时间的结束时刻等于所述ETi-1、所述L帧和L1三者之和所对应的时刻；
    其中，所述L帧是一帧所占用的时长，所述L1是下一帧的第1个所述退避时间的时长，i为大于等于2的正整数。
  9. 一种信息收发方法，其特征在于，所述方法包括：
    终端设备确定当前帧的退避时间，所述退避时间是所述网络设备进行空闲信道评估CCA前的退避时间；
    所述终端设备根据所述退避时间对信道进行侦听；
    若所述终端设备在所述信道上侦听到所述网络设备发送的导频，则所述终 端设备接收所述网络设备在所述信道上发送的所述当前帧的数据，或者在所述信道上向所述网络设备发送所述当前帧的数据。
  10. 根据权利要求9所述的方法，其特征在于，所述终端设备确定当前帧的退避时间之前，还包括：
    所述终端设备接收所述网络设备发送的指示信令，所述指示信令用于指示所述退避时间。
  11. 根据权利要求10所述的方法，其特征在于，所述指示信令至少包括：
    N个所述退避时间中每个退避时间的时长，N为正整数；或，
    N个所述退避时间中指定退避时间的时长，以及所述指定退避时间和N个所述退避时间中除所述指定退避时间之外的退避时间之间的时长关系，所述时长关系为指数关系、倍数关系或等差序列关系。
  12. 根据权利要求11所述的方法，其特征在于，所述指示信令还包括：
    每个所述退避时间所对应的所述CCA的时长Lcca。
  13. 根据权利要求11所述的方法，其特征在于，所述指示信令还包括：
    所述退避时间的最大个数Nmax。
  14. 根据权利要求9至12任一所述的方法，其特征在于，当所述当前帧的退避时间为至少两个时，所述终端设备确定当前帧的退避时间，包括：
    在第i-1次侦听中未侦听到所述导频时，确定第i个所述退避时间的起始时刻等于ETi-1，确定第i个所述退避时间的结束时刻等于所述ETi-1与Li两者之和所对应的时刻；
    其中，所述ETi-1是第i-1次CCA的结束时刻，所述第i-1次CCA是在第i-1个所述退避时间的结束时刻进行的CCA，所述Li是第i个所述退避时间的时长，i为大于等于2的正整数。
  15. 根据权利要求13所述的方法，其特征在于，所述终端设备确定当前帧的退避时间，包括：
    在第i-1次侦听中未侦听到所述导频时，检测i是否大于所述最大个数Nmax；
    若所述i不大于所述最大个数Nmax，则确定第i个所述退避时间的起始时刻等于ETi-1，第i个所述退避时间的结束时刻等于所述ETi-1与Li两者之和所对应的时刻；
    其中，所述ETi-1是第i-1次CCA的结束时刻，所述第i-1次CCA是在第i-1个所述退避时间的结束时刻进行的CCA，所述Li是所述当前帧的第i个所述退避时间的时长，i为大于等于2的正整数。
  16. 根据权利要求15所述的方法，其特征在于，所述检测i是否大于所述最大个数Nmax之后，包括：
    若所述i大于所述最大个数Nmax，则确定下一帧中第1个所述退避时间的起始时刻等于所述ETi-1与L帧两者之和所对应的时刻，确定所述下一帧中第1个所述退避时间的结束时刻等于所述ETi-1、所述L帧和L1三者之和所对应的时刻；
    其中，所述L帧是一帧所占用的时长，所述L1是所述下一帧的第1个退避时间的时长，i为大于等于2的正整数。
  17. 根据权利要求9至16任一所述的方法，其特征在于，所述终端设备根据所述退避时间对信道进行侦听，包括：
    所述终端设备在所述退避时间的结束时刻之后开始侦听，所述侦听不超过预定侦听时长；
    其中，所述预定侦听时长是默认时长或所述网络设备预配置的时长。
  18. 根据权利要求9至16任一所述的方法，其特征在于，所述终端设备根据所述退避时间对信道进行侦听，包括：
    所述终端设备在所述退避时间的结束时刻和Lcca两者之和所对应的时刻之后开始侦听，所述侦听不超过预定侦听时长；
    其中，所述Lcca是所述退避时间所对应的所述CCA的时长，所述预定侦听时长是默认时长或所述网络设备预配置的时长。
  19. 一种信息收发装置，其特征在于，所述装置包括：
    处理单元，用于确定当前帧的退避时间；
    所述处理单元，还用于在确定的当前帧的退避时间的结束时刻对信道进行空闲信道评估CCA，并获取所述CCA的评估结果；
    收发单元，用于在所述处理单元获取的所述CCA的评估结果为所述信道处于空闲状态时，使用所述信道发送导频；并在发送所述导频之后，使用所述信道向终端设备发送所述当前帧的数据，或者在所述信道上接收所述终端设备发送的所述当前帧的数据。
  20. 根据权利要求19所述的装置，其特征在于，所述收发单元还用于：
    向所述终端设备发送指示信令，所述指示信令用于指示所述处理单元确定的当前帧的退避时间。
  21. 根据权利要求19所述的装置，其特征在于，所述收发单元发送的指示信令至少包括：
    N个所述退避时间中每个退避时间的时长，N为正整数；或，
    N个所述退避时间中指定退避时间的时长，以及所述指定退避时间和N个所述退避时间中除所述指定退避时间之外的退避时间之间的时长关系，所述时长关系为指数关系、倍数关系或等差序列关系，N为正整数。
  22. 根据权利要求21所述的装置，其特征在于，所述收发单元发送的指示信令还包括：
    每个所述退避时间所对应的CCA的时长Lcca。
  23. 根据权利要求21所述的装置，其特征在于，所述收发单元发送的指示信令还包括：
    所述退避时间的最大个数Nmax。
  24. 根据权利要求19至22任一所述的装置，其特征在于，所述处理单元还用于：
    当所述当前帧的退避时间为至少两个时，在第i-1次CCA的评估结果为所述信道处于非空闲状态时，确定第i个所述退避时间的起始时刻等于ETi-1，确定第i个所述退避时间的结束时刻等于所述ETi-1与Li两者之和所对应的时刻；
    其中，所述ETi-1是所述第i-1次CCA的结束时刻，所述第i-1次CCA是在第i-1个所述退避时间的结束时刻进行的CCA，所述Li是第i个所述退避时间的时长，i为大于等于2的正整数。
  25. 根据权利要求23所述的装置，其特征在于，所述处理单元还用于：
    在第i-1次CCA的评估结果为所述信道处于非空闲状态时，检测i是否大于所述最大个数Nmax；
    若所述i不大于所述最大个数Nmax，则确定第i个所述退避时间的起始时刻等于ETi-1，第i个所述退避时间的结束时刻等于所述ETi-1与Li之和所对应的时刻；
    其中，所述ETi-1是所述第i-1次CCA的结束时刻，所述第i-1次CCA是在第i-1个所述退避时间的结束时刻进行的CCA，所述Li是所述当前帧的第i个所述退避时间的时长，i为大于等于2的正整数。
  26. 根据权利要求25所述的装置，其特征在于，所述处理单元还用于：
    若所述i大于所述最大个数Nmax，则确定下一帧的第1个所述退避时间的起始时刻等于所述ETi-1与L帧两者之和所对应的时刻，确定所述下一帧中第1个所述退避时间的结束时刻等于所述ETi-1、所述L帧和L1三者之和所对应的时刻；
    其中，所述L帧是一帧所占用的时长，所述L1是下一帧的第1个所述退避时间的时长，i为大于等于2的正整数。
  27. 一种信息收发装置，其特征在于，所述装置包括：
    处理单元，用于确定当前帧的退避时间，所述退避时间是所述网络设备进行空闲信道评估CCA前的退避时间；
    所述处理单元，还用于根据当前帧的退避时间对信道进行侦听；
    收发单元，用于在所述处理单元在所述信道上侦听到所述网络设备发送的导频时，接收所述网络设备在所述信道上发送的所述当前帧的数据，或者在所述信道上向所述网络设备发送所述当前帧的数据。
  28. 根据权利要求27所述的装置，其特征在于，所述收发单元还用于：
    接收所述网络设备发送的指示信令，所述指示信令用于指示所述处理单元 确定所述当前帧的退避时间。
  29. 根据权利要求28所述的装置，其特征在于，所述收发单元接收的指示信令至少包括：
    N个所述退避时间中每个退避时间的时长，N为正整数；或，
    N个所述退避时间中指定退避时间的时长，以及所述指定退避时间和N个所述退避时间中除所述指定退避时间之外的退避时间之间的时长关系，所述时长关系为指数关系、倍数关系或等差序列关系。
  30. 根据权利要求29所述的装置，其特征在于，所述收发单元接收的指示信令还包括：
    每个所述退避时间所对应的所述CCA的时长Lcca。
  31. 根据权利要求29所述的装置，其特征在于，所述收发单元接收的指示信令还包括：
    所述退避时间的最大个数Nmax。
  32. 根据权利要求27至30任一所述的装置，其特征在于，所述处理单元具体用于：
    所述当前帧的退避时间为至少两个时，在第i-1次侦听中未侦听到所述导频时，确定第i个所述退避时间的起始时刻等于ETi-1，确定第i个所述退避时间的结束时刻等于所述ETi-1与Li两者之和所对应的时刻；
    其中，所述ETi-1是所述第i-1次CCA的结束时刻，所述第i-1次CCA是在第i-1个所述退避时间的结束时刻进行的CCA，所述Li是第i个所述退避时间的时长，i为大于等于2的正整数。
  33. 根据权利要求31所述的装置，其特征在于，所述处理单元用于：
    在第i-1次侦听中未侦听到所述导频时，检测i是否大于所述最大个数Nmax；
    若所述i不大于所述最大个数Nmax，则确定第i个所述退避时间的起始时刻等于ETi-1，第i个所述退避时间的结束时刻等于所述ETi-1与Li两者之和所对应的时刻；
    其中，所述ETi-1是所述第i-1次CCA的结束时刻，所述第i-1次CCA是在第i-1个所述退避时间的结束时刻进行的CCA，所述Li是所述当前帧的第i个所述退避时间的时长，i为大于等于2的正整数。
  34. 根据权利要求33所述的装置，其特征在于，所述处理单元还用于：
    若所述i大于所述最大个数Nmax，则确定下一帧中第1个所述退避时间的起始时刻等于所述ETi-1与L帧两者之和所对应的时刻，确定所述下一帧中第1个所述退避时间的结束时刻等于所述ETi-1、所述L帧和L1三者之和所对应的时刻；
    其中，所述L帧是一帧所占用的时长，所述L1是所述下一帧的第1个退避时间的时长，i为大于等于2的正整数。
  35. 根据权利要求27至34任一所述的装置，其特征在于，所述处理单元用于：
    在所述当前帧的退避时间的结束时刻之后开始侦听，所述侦听不超过预定侦听时长；
    其中，所述预定侦听时长是默认时长或所述网络设备预配置的时长。
  36. 根据权利要求27至34任一所述的装置，其特征在于，所述处理单元用于：
    在所述当前帧的退避时间的结束时刻和Lcca两者之和所对应的时刻之后开始侦听，所述侦听不超过预定侦听时长；
    其中，所述Lcca是所述退避时间所对应的所述CCA的时长，所述预定侦听时长是默认时长或所述网络设备预配置的时长。
  37. 一种信息收发系统，其特征在于，所述系统包括：网络设备和终端设备；
    所述网络设备包括如权利要求19至26任一所述的信息收发装置；
    所述终端设备包括如权利要求27至36任一所述的信息收发装置。
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