WO2017105206A1

WO2017105206A1 - Electrical radiation source for the calibration and/or characterisation of instruments for the improved measuring of temperature via telemetry

Info

Publication number: WO2017105206A1
Application number: PCT/MX2015/000221
Authority: WO
Inventors: Margarita KAPLUN MUCHARRAFILLE; Victor MARTINEZ FUENTES; Juan LEÑERO ESPINOZA; Giovanna TROTTA; Alberto ROSA SIERRA; Alejandro LIMON GARCIA; Grecia ACOSTA SOTO; Cesar Tomas MARTINEZ MEZA
Original assignee: Kaplun Mucharrafille Margarita
Priority date: 2015-12-18
Filing date: 2015-12-18
Publication date: 2017-06-22
Also published as: MX2015017718A

Abstract

The invention relates to an electrical radiation source for the calibration and/or characterisation of instruments for improved temperature measuring via telemetry, in order to provide traceability to the temperature measurements of radiation thermometers and thermographic equipment, which permits the characterisation of the function of thermal gradients of the thermographic cameras via plates with continuous and discrete thermal gradients, as well as to calibrate and provide traceability to the temperature measurements of radiation thermometers and thermographic equipment using the black body cavity with a calibrated thermometer. Another object of the invention is to provide said electrical radiation source for the calibration and/or characterisation of instruments for improved temperature measuring via telemetry, which also permits the definition and establishment of the thermal gradient required to characterise the temperature differences registered by the thermographic equipment. A further object of the invention is to provide said electrical radiation source for the calibration and/or characterisation of instruments for improved temperature measuring via telemetry, which is also structurally practical, operationally efficient and easy to operate.

Description

ELECTRICAL RADIATION SOURCE FOR CALIBRATION AND / OR CHARACTERIZATION OF TELEMETRY TEMPERATURE MEASUREMENT INSTRUMENTS, IMPROVED FIELD OF THE INVENTION

The present invention relates to the technical field of mechanics, metrology, thermometry, telemetry and infrared radiation, because it describes a disc with a thermal gradient, consisting of at least one metallic thermal diffuser ring and a black body cylindrical cavity; an improved source of electrical radiation comprising said disk with thermal gradient and the cylindrical cavity of black body, to generate and control its temperature.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

In many industrial processes that involve heating by heat application or as a result of the operation of appliances, tools, equipment, machinery, etc., in certain production lines, timely and precise control of the temperature and exposure and / or operation times that offer the best results of the process or the best operation of the equipment. In order to achieve this control, it is necessary to properly measure the temperature, which should normally be done without contact due to the high temperatures, the inaccessible areas of the operators or because they are high temperature handling equipment such as ovens, among others. The current technological solution consists in using infrared pyrometers (instruments that measure the infrared radiation that leaves the surface of the load in a certain given direction, usually in a fixed wavelength range, and infer the surface temperature from it).

Infrared radiation is an electromagnetic radiation with wavelengths greater than those of visible light and shorter than millimeter wave radiation. All surfaces with a temperature greater than absolute zero (-273.15 ° C) emit infrared radiation.

The infrared radiation range follows immediately after the red light and occupies the range of 780 nm to 1 mm within the electromagnetic spectrum.

For the field of measurement technology, infrared radiation can be subdivided into three other ranges:

1.SIR (short infrared, 780 nm at 4.5 pm),

2. MIR (middle infrared, 4.5 to 5.5 pm),

3. FIR (far infrared [far infrared], 5.5 μm to 1 mm).

In relation to infrared measurement technology, the most significant range is 780 nm at 20 pm (FIR).

The temperature of an object can be measured from its spectral radiance. A thermometer that works like this is called a radiation thermometer, and the measured temperature is called the radiance temperature.

Radiation thermometers measure the electromagnetic radiation emitted by an object as a result of its temperature. When an object reaches high temperatures, most of its radiation is a band of wavelengths called infrared spectrum. Very hot objects emit visible light that is also a form of electromagnetic radiation.

While the human eye is very sensitive to yellow light with Wavelengths of around 0.555 μm, cannot detect light with wavelengths greater than 0.700 μπι (red) or less than 0.400 μm (violet). Although our eyes cannot detect the energy outside that narrow band of wavelengths called the visible spectrum, it is known to be there because it can be detected with a radiometer.

Radiation thermometers are designed to be sensitive within a specific band of wavelengths. The most used spectral band in radiation thermometers is the one that ranges from 6.3μm to 14μm (6.3 to 14 micrometers).

Infrared radiation is electromagnetic radiation with wavelengths greater than visible light and smaller than millimeter wave radiation. Terms such as wavelength and amplitude are used to describe infrared and other types of electromagnetic radiation. For example, the wavelength describes the intensity of the electromagnetic radiation and the wavelength is used among other things to determine if it is a microwave, visible light or infrared radiation.

Radiation thermometers are used in a variety of situations where contact measures are not possible. The applications that cover these devices are variable and day by day cover a greater number of analysis possibilities, considering large fields of application from aeronautics to common use applications, such as health, so confidence in these measures is Increase with calibration.

Radiation thermometers have an optical resolution defined by the relationship between the distance to the object and the diameter of the area that contains a specific percentage of the total energy collected (D: S) (Spot size). The D: S ratio is used as a guide to determine the appropriate distance to make infrared temperature measurements.

For a thermal imager the "spot size ^* represents the pixel and the distance it can see and the" IFOV "is the subtended solid angle of the pixel to the target.

A narrow band radiation thermometer is one that has an optical filter that transmits a narrow range of wavelengths. This interval called spectral bandwidth (Δλ) is in the order of some nanometers (nm).

A broadband radiation thermometer is one that is characterized by having an optical filter that transmits a wide range of wavelengths (Δλ), this range is approximately a few micrometers (μm).

In industrial processes, the proper control and reading of process temperatures and of the equipment and machinery used in such processes is of great importance. Many important decisions in the industry are based on the result of their measurements of the process conditions and their equipment. Stopping a production line for repairs and maintenance can result in large economic losses if it is due to temperature control problems due to failures or errors in measurement or to the wrong readings. In order to fully rely on measurements, there is no doubt that the optimum calibration of your temperature measuring instruments is of major importance.

Calibration is the operation that, under specified conditions, establishes, in a first stage, a relationship between the values and its associated measurement uncertainties obtained from the measurement patterns and the corresponding indications with its associated uncertainties and in a second stage, use this information to establish a relationship that allows obtaining a measurement result from an indication. (NMX-Z-055- IMNC- 2009).

Reliable calibration means greater accuracy of readings, less worries, less doubts and greater productivity.

Confidence in infrared radiation measurements normally requires the use of calibrated instruments. Calibration can also be defined as the set of operations carried out in accordance with a defined calibration procedure, which compares the measurements made by an instrument with others performed with a more accurate or standard instrument, with the purpose of detecting and informing , measurement errors, as well as the uncertainty value of the measurement of the instrument being calibrated.

The standard commonly used to calibrate or verify measuring instruments or systems is an instrument whose behavior is known and which will serve as a reference to calibrate the "measuring instrument to be calibrated". (NMX-Z-055- IMNC-2009).

The reference measurement standard is the standard designated for the calibration of magnitude patterns of the same nature in a given organization or location. (NMX-Z-055- IMNC-2009) In calibration processes there may be measurement errors that are defined as the difference between a measured value of a magnitude and a reference value (NMX-Z55-IMNC-2009).

There are also non-negative parameters that characterize the dispersion of the values attributed to a measurand, based on the information used. (NMX-Z55-IMNC-2009), which is defined as measurement uncertainty. An infrared temperature calibration begins with a superficial measurement of what acts as a source of heat, which must be a flat plate or a cavity that functions as a standard or reference. The calibration geometry, which includes the size of the measuring surface and the distance of the thermometer to be calibrated, plays a fundamental role in the measurement result. Also critical are temperature stability, uniformity and physical properties of the emitting surface such as emissivity.

Emissivity is the radiant energy coming from an opaque surface and is a combination of the emitted radiance caused by the surface temperature and the reflected radiance coming from anywhere in the environment.

The amount of light emitted at a certain temperature is determined by the emissivity of the surface. Emissivity is the ratio between the radiated energy emitted by a surface and that emitted by a black body at the same temperature. Emissivity is greatly affected by the type of surface material and its finish.

Infrared temperature calibrators must be designed to have a known emissivity, which must remain constant over time. The emissivity can be any value between zero and one, both included. Zero emissivity indicates that no matter what the body temperature is, since no light will be radiated. An emissivity of one indicates that the surface will radiate perfectly at all wavelengths. "Black bodies" are objects perfectly radiant. Objects with emissivity very close to one are usually called black bodies. A calibrator with a flat surface and an emissivity of around 0.95 is usually called a gray body if the emissivity is uniform for all wavelengths.

Some manufacturers of radiation thermometers, if not most, assume a constant emissivity value for any object or source, that is, independent of temperature and wavelength. However, in most cases it is not met: the emissivity of bodies in general depends on both their temperature and wavelength. Only for an ideal black body is it satisfied that the value of its emissivity is independent of its temperature and wavelength.

A black body is an ideal surface that emits and absorbs electromagnetic radiation with the maximum amount of power possible at a given temperature according to Planck's Law, where:

c1L is the first radiation constant for spectral radiance, with a value equal to 1,191 042 759 x 10-16 WDm ² Dsr- ¹ .

λ Is the wavelength, in m.

c2 Second radiation constant, with a value equal to 1.4388 x 10-2 rnüK.

T Black body temperature, in Kelvin.

LCN (λ, T) It is the emitted electromagnetic radiation, called spectral radiance because it involves physical properties of the source, such as:

• the radiated power, in W,

· The source area, in m ² ,

• the solid angle, in mr.

Said ideal surface that emits and absorbs radiation Electromagnetic does not allow radiation to reflect or pass through it. In a laboratory a black body is a long cavity with a small opening. The reflection is avoided because any light that enters through the hole has to be reflected on the surface of the body many times, being absorbed before escaping.

When ο2 / λΤ >> 1 is fulfilled, Wien's law can be used for the spectral radiance of a black body:

A gray body is a surface that emits radiation with a constant emissivity over all wavelengths and temperatures. Although gray bodies do not exist in practice, they are a good approximation for most real surfaces.

Currently there are black bodies for the calibration of radiation temperature meters, mainly, radiation thermometers and thermographic equipment. These bodies exist commercially and consist of cavities that, due to their physical construction characteristics and the materials used, have a high emissivity value, a critical variable in this field of the invention.

International brands such as Land®, Hart Scientific (fluke) ®, Isotech®, Wuhan Guide®, Infrared Systems®, among others are the best known for their quality and have extensive temperature ranges.

Some of the black bodies are not cavities, but surfaces and these are also used to calibrate radiation thermometers and the exposed radiation surface is preferred for radiation thermometers with a large viewing angle.

The existing black bodies in the form of discs or plates, do not determine the thermal gradient, in addition to that they provide "spot" temperature measurements without covering the wide range of matrix sizes involving thermographic equipment.

Existing black bodies are useful for the calibration of radiation thermometer thermometers and thermographic equipment, but not for characterizing infrared equipment, since their measurement principle is different. The temperature of the radiation thermometer represents the average of the temperatures measured in the circle resulting from its measurement angle, while the temperature measured with the thermographic equipment is the result of capturing the radiated energy of the measured body, represented by a matrix with point values of temperature in X, Y. As for the equipment described above, there are deficiencies that make it impossible to calibrate or characterize thermographic equipment. For black bodies, it is only a temperature point to calibrate only one temperature of the thermal imager, there is no way to have a known thermal gradient to calibrate the temperature differences recorded by the thermal imager.

In the case of black surfaces, even though despite having thermal gradients, they are not determined in such a way that they cannot be compared with those shown by the thermal imager. Therefore, existing equipment is really designed to calibrate radiation thermometers and not thermographic equipment.

In commercial equipment, in the magnitude of radiation temperature, the metrological traceability of the reference thermometers can be given through a contact thermometer, which can be a type thermometer: RTD (Resistance Temperature Detector) or Thermocouple . Metrological traceability is the property of a measurement result whereby the result can be related to a reference through an uninterrupted and documented chain of calibrations, each of which contributes to the measurement uncertainty (NMX-Z-055-IMNC- 2009)

Performing a state of the art search, some patents related to infrared technology were found, such as the international patent application published with No. WO2008031774 of Goldammer Matthias and Heinrich Werner, dated July 9, 2007, which refers to a method to determine parameters of a component by means of thermography, in which at least one component is heated by means of a hot gas. The invention further relates to a device for the determination of component parameters by means of thermography with a heating means for heating at least one component, with a temperature sensor to detect at least one temperature value of the component, in the that the heating means for heating the component is a hot gas emission device.

The patent EP 1726943 of Smith Kevin D of May 12, 2006 also discloses an inspection apparatus that includes a light source positioned to direct the light to a first surface of a workpiece. An infrared detector is positioned to receive radiation from the first surface. A data acquisition and processing computer is coupled to the light source and the infrared detector. The equipment activates the light source to emit the light a series of cases. The equipment acquires thermal data from the infrared detector for a number of times after each case.

The computer is configured to process the data using a theoretical solution to analyze thermal data based on a average of the thermal data for a number of each of the corresponding times from different instances between the instances. Finally, there is the patent application with publication number MX2013015367 (A), which is a prior application to the present invention, which refers to a calibration and / or characterization system with greater accuracy of measuring instruments for telemetry temperature involving a reference unit with a thermal gradient defined by a disk with a thermal gradient consisting of at least one concentric thermal diffuser metal ring, with temperature sensors that generate a radial profile of staggered, linked temperature mechanically with a cavity of a black body housed in an electric oven, to generate and control its temperature; and a method for calibration of temperature measuring instruments by telemetry, through the use of a measuring system for calibration of temperature measuring equipment by telemetry, arranged in front of said at least one oven consisting of a platform with an unallocated length scale as a distance indicator and that is adapted to mount the standard equipment and the equipment to be calibrated; and a PC where the temperature readings of the thermal gradient reference ring system, the black body cylindrical cavity and the traceability with reference of the standard equipment are fed to obtain a temperature profile that allows by means of a program of specialized mathematical computation calibrate and / or characterize by comparison the instruments of temperature measurement by telemetry. However, the aforementioned invention has the disadvantage that although the radiation source with black body cavity can be adapted at different temperatures, the contact reference thermometer is fixed to the cavity and remains stuck over time, with which, the way to calibrate it periodically is impossible and therefore, you can get to lose its metrological traceability;

It was observed that the cavity was formed by a single metallic element, which makes it impossible to place inserts on its back and with it the option to test different geometries to obtain a better measurement of the radiated energy.

It was detected that a groove was missing on the cavity to place the control sensor in a fixed manner, to prevent its movement and thereby allow good communication between the sensor and the temperature controller.

Due to its geometry, it cannot be transported easily and you run the risk of damage to your instrumentation; The structure of its insulation, as described in application MX2013015367 (A), makes the outside temperature greater than 100 ° C, when working with temperatures above 550 ° C, which makes the system insecure for operators and creates convection that can affect the calibration process and its own instrumentation;

The fact that it is wired implies electronic noise inside the cabinet that conforms to the system. It does not have an ignition system for protection against the return of current and overload, which jeopardizes the integrity of the system against possible variations in electricity.

The geometry and type of electric heater generates a lack of uniformity in the cavity, thereby causing temperature gradients throughout the cavity.

The current structure of the cabinet, as described in application MX2013015367 (A), presents difficulties in its arrangement, thus preventing it from carrying out maintenance of the system easily and quickly; since there is difficulty in accessing the different components.

Given the need for a source of electrical radiation for calibration and / or characterization of temperature measurement instruments by telemetry, which solves the inconvenience of existing equipment and calibration methods not suitable for thermographic equipment, it was developed invention. OBJECT OF THE INVENTION

The object of the present invention is to make available a source of electrical radiation for calibration and / or characterization of temperature measuring instruments by telemetry, improved; to give traceability to the temperature measurements of radiation thermometers and thermographic equipment, which allows characterizing the function of thermal gradients of the thermographic cameras by means of plates with continuous and discrete thermal gradients; as well as calibrating radiation temperature measuring instruments, mainly radiation thermometers and thermographic equipment using the black body cavity with reference thermometer and / or radiation transfer thermometer. Another objective of the invention is to make said source of electrical radiation available for calibration and / or characterization of temperature measurement instruments by telemetry, which also allows defining and knowing the thermal gradient required to characterize the temperature differences recorded by the equipment. thermographic

Another object of the invention is to make said source of electrical radiation available for calibration and / or characterization of temperature measuring instruments by telemetry, improved, which is also structurally practical, operationally efficient, safe and easy to operate.

BRIEF DESC RIPC IÓN OF THE FIG URAS

The characteristic details of this novel source of electrical radiation for calibration and / or characterization of temperature measuring instruments by telemetry, improved, are clearly shown in the following description and in the accompanying figures, as well as an illustration of that , and following the same reference signs to indicate the parts shown. However, these figures are shown by way of example and should not be considered as limiting for the present invention.

Figure 1 shows in perspective an explosive of the source of electrical radiation for calibration and / or characterization of temperature measurement instruments by telemetry, improved.

Figure 2 shows in front perspective of the source of electrical radiation for calibration and / or characterization of temperature measuring instruments by telemetry, improved, without the front cover.

Figure 3 shows in front perspective of the source of electrical radiation for calibration and / or characterization of temperature measuring instruments by telemetry, improved, with the front cover.

Figure 4 shows in front perspective of the source of electrical radiation for calibration and / or characterization of temperature measuring instruments by telemetry, improved, and the front cover. Figure 5 shows in perspective view of the source of electrical radiation for calibration and / or characterization of temperature measurement instruments by telemetry, improved.

Figure 6 shows a conventional perspective in detail of the cylindrical cavity of the black body of the source of electrical radiation for calibration and / or characterization of temperature measuring instruments by telemetry, improved, where a groove is seen on the cavity to place the control sensor, as well as a metallic insert, of the same material as the cavity, with a geometry preferably in the form of a positive cone or a negative cone.

Figure 7 shows a conventional perspective of the cylindrical cavity of the black body with the thermal gradient disk mechanically linked to the source of electrical radiation for calibration and / or characterization of telemetry enhanced temperature measurement instruments.

Figure 8 shows a conventional perspective in detail of the high efficiency heaters of the source of electric radiation for calibration and / or characterization of temperature measurement instruments by telemetry, improved.

Figure 9 illustrates a cross-section of a concentric thermal diffuser metal ring of those that make up the thermal gradient disk, showing the blasted holes, for the temperature sensors and the grooving of the front working surface, of the source of electrical radiation for calibration and / or characterization of temperature measurement instruments by telemetry, improved.

Figure 10 illustrates a graph of the temperature steps caused by the thermal contact resistors in the positions of 20 mm, 40 mm, 60 mm and 80 mm corresponding to the contact interfaces between two thermal diffuser plates (which make up the vertical arrangement of thermal gradient plates), made of a high thermal conductivity steel, preferably Inconel®, Stainless Steel, Bronze, Aluminum or similar thermal properties, ares, in the vertical arrangement of thermal gradient plates; where the inclination of the steps is due to the thermal conduction resistance of the steel blocks.

Figure 11 illustrates a detailed side view of the black body cylindrical cavity insert.

For a better understanding of the invention, a detailed description of some of the modalities thereof will be shown, shown in the drawings which, for illustrative but non-limiting purposes, are attached to this description; as well as a list of the parts that make up the source of electrical radiation for calibration and / or characterization of temperature measuring instruments by telemetry, improved:

1. Upper insulating housing

2. Lower insulating housing

3. Black body cylindrical cavity

4. Bottom heater

5. Upper heater

6. Black body cylindrical cavity insert

7. Slot

8. Disc with thermal gradient

9. Concentric thermal diffuser metal ring

9a. Concentric thermal diffuser metal ring 9b. Concentric thermal diffuser metal ring 9c. Concentric thermal diffuser metal ring

9d Concentric thermal diffuser metal ring

10. Bumped holes

11. Striated triangular profile

12. Working front face

13. Pipeline

14. Base

15. Stands

16. Levellers

17. Control board

18. Temperature controller

19. Data acquisition system

20. Switch

21. Power fuse

22. Access door

23. Mufla

24. Heatsink

25. Magnetic induction thermal starter

26. Top cover

27. Side covers

28. Front cover

29. Means of ventilation

30. Clamping means

31. Asa

32. Second power fuse

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

Referring to Figure 1, the source of electrical radiation for calibration and / or characterization of temperature measurement instruments by telemetry, improved consists of an upper insulating housing (1) and a lower insulating housing (2) configured with a hollow for receive internally a lower heater (4) and an upper heater (5) that embed each other and they function as a source of high thermal efficiency thermal radiation; said lower (4) and upper (5) heaters house a black body cylindrical cavity (3) allowing the temperature of said cylindrical cavity to increase, and thanks to the upper (1) and lower (2) insulating housings, losses are avoided and temperature variations It is preferred that the thermal insulator be an insufficient high thermal resistance for temperatures close to 1000 ° C and lower. With sufficient thickness to avoid heating on the outside of the cabinet.

The lower insulating housing (2) has at least one duct (13) that allows the cables necessary for the operation of the source of electrical radiation to be passed for calibration and / or characterization of temperature measurement instruments by telemetry, improved

In Fig. 8, the lower heater (4) can be seen, this being equal to the heater (5); both the lower heater (4) and the upper one (5) are of high efficiency and ceramic material, preferably in the form of a half-round of 1500W (watts), to be used with a voltage of 230V (volts), this to efficiently reach temperatures up to 1000 ° C; and they have longitudinal channels on their inner faces that give them high efficiency and uniform distribution of heat in the rich cylinder cavity of the black body (3).

As illustrated in Figs. 6 and 7, the cylindrical cavity of the black body (3), has a groove (7) which allows a cylindrical cavity insert of black body (6) to be placed to obtain the rear end. of said cylindrical cavity of the black body (3), the slot (7) also allows to place a contact thermometer of the RTD (resistance temperature detector) or Thermocouple type, to be connected to a temperature controller (18); and said rear end, has an interchangeable bottom to be able to use different bottom geometries in the cavity insert black body cylindrical (6), preferably with a positive cone or negative cone geometry, in order to increase the radiated energy. The front end of the cylindrical cavity of the black body (3) is configured to support a disc with a thermal gradient (8) which is composed of at least one concentric thermal diffuser metal ring (9) which is removable, with at least two removable temperature sensors (not shown) in their smooth back, inserted in at least two bump holes (10), located horizontally, with respect to the axial axis of the black body cylindrical cavity (3) and Equistants at its center, inserted on both sides, which generate a radial profile of staggered temperatures due to the loss of heat by convection and radiation in each concentric thermal diffuser metal ring (9) to define temperature profiles with thermal gradient by contact thermal disk with thermal gradient (8) with the black body cylindrical cavity (3), as illustrated in Figure 9.

In figure 9 it is shown that the concentric metal rings (9) comprise a groove of triangular profile (1 1) on its outer surface of its front working face (12) which are shown as triangular grooves (equilateral) in cross section and that avoid reflections in it.

The source of electrical radiation for calibration and / or characterization of temperature measuring instruments by telemetry, improved, has a base (14) that houses at least two supports (15), on which the insulating housing is placed lower (2) already connected with the upper insulating housing (1), which inside are the lower (4) and upper (5) heater already fixed in the black body cylindrical cavity (3). The base (14) has in its lower part with at least four levelers (16), which prevent the source of electrical radiation for calibration and / or characterization of temperature measurement instruments by telemetry, improved, have movements not desired

With reference to Figure 2, in the lower front part of the base (14), below the supports (15), the source of electrical radiation for calibration and / or characterization of temperature measuring instruments by telemetry, improved has a control board (17) removable; embedded in said board is a temperature controller (18), which is preferably digital or "ramp" type. The control board (17) has a data acquisition system (19), a switch (20) and, at least, a second power fuse (32), which, when activated, allow the operation of the present invention.

The data acquisition system (19) has wireless connection technology for electronic devices known as "Wi-FiV

With reference to figure 5, on the back of the base (14), above the supports (15) there is an access door (22), which is removable which allows thermocouple changes of the cylindrical cavity black body (3) as well as facilitate preventive and / or corrective maintenance of the source of electrical radiation for calibration and / or characterization of temperature measurement instruments by telemetry, improved. Under the access door (22) the base (14) houses a muffle (23), at least one heat sink (24), a power fuse (21) and a magnetic induction thermal starter contact (25) , which protects the radiation source of the present invention from some overload.

On the base (14) an upper cover (26) is fixed, which is removable in order to cover the lower insulating shell (2) when it is already connected with the upper insulating shell (1), which inside are the lower (4) and upper (5) heater already fixed in the black body cylindrical cavity (3); a side cover (27) is fixed at each base fado (14) and the top cover (26). The top cover (26) and fas side covers (27) are removable and have at least one handle (31), which serves to grab the source of electrical radiation for calibration and / or characterization of telemetry temperature measuring instruments , improved, so that it can be transported to various places in a simple way. To avoid overheating within the source of electrical radiation of the present invention, the side covers (27) have at least one ventilation means (29), which can be a grid and / or a fan, which allow circulation inside the source of electrical radiation reducing the temperature, to prevent the electrical equipment from failing.

With reference to FIGS. 3 and 4, a front cover (28) is attached by fastening means (30) to the upper cover (26), engaging in the front part of the source of electrical radiation for calibration and / or characterization of temperature measuring instruments by telemetry, improved; in such a way that it protects the disk with thermal gradient (8) and the control board (17), when the source of electric radiation is moved or is not in use, when it reaches the destination where the source of radiation, the front cover (28) is removed. The fastening means (30) can be clasps, tongue and groove mechanism, magnets, mechanical clamps, sailboat and / or the combination of the above.

Both the top cover (26), sides (27) and front (28) are made of thermal insulating materials, with the purpose of reducing the outside temperature and can be transported immediately after use, without risking burns.

The types of cylindrical cavities of black bodies (3), to be used in the present invention, are those that preferably have the characteristics of the following table:

The main reason for the selection of these materials is based on their high thermal conductivity and stability in the respective temperature ranges, as well as optimal operating conditions.

The material of which the metallic thermal diffuser ring (9) of the present invention is made depends on the temperature at which it is intended to calibrate and / or characterize the temperature measuring instruments by telemetry, as shown in the following. Table:

With reference to Figures 7, 9 and 10, the disk with thermal gradient (8) is formed by at least one concentric thermal diffuser metal ring (9), in the present invention at least four concentric thermal diffuser metal rings are preferred (9a), (9b), (9c) and (9d), mechanically assembled on the disk with thermal gradient (8), which in its preferred mode has the following diameters:

Each of said concentric thermal diffuser metal rings (9a), (9b), (9c) and (9d) comprises four threaded holes (10) arranged diametrically and horizontal to the axial axis, to accommodate at least two temperature sensors (no shown), four sensors are preferred in the present invention of temperature (not shown), for the temperature taking of the points for each concentric thermal diffuser metal ring (9a), (9b), (9c) and (9d). Where the temperature sensors consist of thermocouples type "J", "T ^* or" N ".

To quantify the thermal gradients, the thermocouple temperatures of each concentric thermal diffuser metal ring (9a), (9b), (9c) and (9d) are measured. The temperature gradient is generated radially in the disk with thermal gradient (8) composed of said concentric thermal diffuser metal rings (9a), (9b), (9c) and (9d).

Thermal gradients are quantified as follows:

Gradient = ΔΤ / Δί

Where ΔΤ is the temperature difference between two consecutive points and AL is the distance between those two consecutive points. The temperature difference is mainly measured with calibrated thermocouples located on the back of the concentric thermal diffuser metal rings (9). The distance between two consecutive points is known from the design and construction of said concentric thermal diffuser metal rings (9).

The invention has been described sufficiently that a person with average knowledge in the field can reproduce and obtain the results mentioned in the present invention. However, any skilled person in the field of the art that is in charge of the present invention may be able to make modifications not described in the present application, however, if for the application of these modifications in a given structure or in the manufacturing process of it, it requires the subject matter claimed in the following claims, said structures must be included within the scope of the invention.

Claims

CLAIMS Having described the invention sufficiently, it is claimed as property contained in the following clauses claims.

one . A source of electrical radiation for calibration and characterization of temperature measurement instruments by telemetry, enhanced, characterized in that it comprises: i. an upper insulating housing (1) and a lower insulating housing (2) configured with a recess;

i. a lower heater (4) and a high efficiency upper heater (5), with longitudinal channels in their interiors, embed each other, are located in the hollow of the upper insulating housing (1) and the lower insulating housing (2);

iii. a cylindrical cavity with a black body (3) is housed in the middle of the lower heater (4) and the upper heater (5);

iv. at least one duct (13) is placed in the lower insulating housing (2);

v. a groove (7) configured to place a "RTD" or thermocouple contact thermometer therein, close to said groove (7) is a cylindrical cavity insert with a black body (6) at the rear end of the cylindrical cavity of the black body (3);

saw . a thermal gradient gradient (8) is placed at the front end of the cylindrical cavity of the black body (3), comprising at least one concentric thermal diffuser metal ring (9);

vii. a base (14) houses, at least, two supports (15), on which the lower insulating housing (2) is placed and already connected with the insulating housing its perimeter (1), which inside are the lower heater (4) and upper (5) already fixed in the cylindrical cavity of black body (3); viii at least four levelers (16) are placed at the bottom of the base (14);

ix. a control board (17) is located in the lower front part of the base (14);

x. a temperature controller (18) is embedded in the control board (17);

xi. a data acquisition system (19), a switch (20) and at least a second power fuse (32) are in the control board (17);

xii. an access door (22) is at the back of the base (14), above the supports (15);

xiii. a muffle (23), at least one heat sink (24), a power fuse (21) and a magnetic induction thermal starter (25), are located at the back of the base (14) under the door access (22); xiv. an upper cover (26) is fixed on the base (14) covering the lower insulating housing (2) already connected with the upper insulating housing (1);

xv. a side cover (27) is fixed on each side of the base (14) and the top cover (26);

xví. at least one handle (31) is placed in the top cover (26) and in each of the side covers (27);

xvii. at least one ventilation means (29) is in the side covers (27); Y,

xviii. a front cover (28) is attached by fastening means (30) to the upper cover (26).

2. The radiation source of the preceding claim, wherein the lower heater (4) and the upper heater (5), have a half-round shape.

3. The source of the preceding claims, wherein the lower heater (4) and the upper heater (5), are made of ceramic material.

4. The radiation source of claim 1, wherein the rear end of the cylindrical cavity of the black body (3) has an interchangeable bottom for using different bottom geometries in the cylindrical cavity insert of black body (6).

5. The radiation source of claim 4, wherein the geometries are cone-shaped.

6. The radiation source of claims 4 and 5, where the cone may be positive or negative.

7. The radiation source of claim 1, wherein the concentric thermal diffuser metal ring (9), the control board (17), the top cover (26), the side covers (27) and the front cover (28) They are removable.

8. The radiation source of claim 1, wherein the temperature controller (18) is "ramps ^* " digital type.

9. The radiation source of claim 1, wherein the data acquisition system (19) has wireless device connection technology.

10. The radiation source described in claim 1, wherein the ventilation means (29) is a grid and / or a fan.

11. The radiation source of claim 1, wherein the fastening means (30) are clasps, tongue and groove mechanism, magnets, mechanical clamps, sailboat and / or The combination of the above.

12. The radiation source of claim 1, wherein the top cover (26), sides (27) and front (28) are made of thermal insulating materials.

13. The radiation source of claims 1, wherein the concentric thermal diffuser metal ring (9) is formed by at least four concentric thermal diffuser metal rings (9a), (9b), (9c) and (9d), mechanically assembled on the disk with thermal gradient (8).

14. The radiation source of claim 13, wherein the concentric thermal diffuser metal rings (9a), (9b), (9c) and (9d), have a triangular profile groove (11) on its outer surface of its face frontal work (12) that are shown as triangular grooves (equilateral) in cross section and that avoid reflections in it and a smooth face.

15. The radiation source of claims 13 and 14, wherein the concentric thermal diffuser metal rings (9) have at least two temperature sensors on their smooth back, inserted into at least two blasted holes (10), located horizontally, with respect to the axial axis of the cylindrical cavity of black body (3) and equidistant to its center, inserted on both sides.

16. The radiation source of claims 13 to 15, wherein the temperature sensors are of the type "RTD ^* or Thermocouples.

17. The radiation source of claims 13 to 16, wherein the thermocouples are of the "J", "T" or "N" type.

18. The radiation source of claims 13 to 17, wherein the thermocouples are removable.