WO2017103865A1

WO2017103865A1 - Cross-member for rail passenger vehicles, method for the assembly thereof, and method for arranging same in the body of a rail vehicle

Info

Publication number: WO2017103865A1
Application number: PCT/IB2016/057696
Authority: WO
Inventors: Jaime Leonardo BARBOSA PÉREZ; Leonel Francisco CASTAÑEDA HEREDIA; Mauricio Enrico PALACIO LÓPEZ; Humberto De Jesús SÁNCHEZ VÉLEZ; José Rodrigo TORO NARANJO; Mauricio ARISTIZABAL CANO
Original assignee: Universidad Eafit; Metro De Medellín Ltda.
Priority date: 2015-12-18
Filing date: 2016-12-16
Publication date: 2017-06-22

Abstract

The invention relates to a cross-member for rail vehicles by means of which the chassis and the bogie are connected. The cross-member comprises a central profile and two side profiles arranged one on either side of the central profile. The central profile has a rectangular cross-section extending along a longitudinal axis and containing two ribs. Each side profile has a hexagonal cross-section. The hexagonal profile contains a first horizontal rib, a vertical rib, a second horizontal rib, a first oblique rib, a second oblique rib and a third oblique rib. The side profiles are axially symmetrical in relation to a vertical axis, the vertical axis being perpendicular to the longitudinal axis. The invention also comprises the method for assembly of the profiles of the cross-member and to the process for arranging the cross-member on the chassis of a rail vehicle.

Description

MODIFIED DESCRIPTIVE CHAPTER

TRAVIESA FOR PASSENGER RAILWAY VEHICLES, ASSEMBLY PROCEDURE OF THE SAME AND METHOD TO HAVE IT IN A BODYWAY OF RAILWAY VEHICLES

Field of the Invention

This invention corresponds to railway vehicle components, such as the structural components of vehicle bodies that are connected directly to the bogie and secondary suspension of the vehicle. Specifically, the invention corresponds to a sleeper.

Description of the state of the art

The body of a railway vehicle consists of a front structure, a rear structure, two side walls, a roof and a lower chassis (hereafter referred to as a chassis). The chassis is responsible for supporting the loads due to the transmission of forces of the traction and guidance elements, and is responsible for supporting the structure and its load on the bogie. The chassis is composed of a central frame that forms the floor of the structure and two elements of high structural strength on the side and side of the frame that form a hollow cross-section that extends in the longitudinal direction of the vehicle. In particular, the interaction of the bogie and chassis is carried out through the crossbar, which is the element that reinforces said connection and is arranged transversely to the direction of the vehicle.

The connection in the bogie-body interface is responsible for the transmission of longitudinal and transverse loads, and the body support in the bogie. This form of connection is common in subway vehicles, trams and commuter trains. Other mechanical elements typical of the railway vehicle are disposed near the crossbar, which, as a result of their operation, can transmit loads to the crossbar. The current technique in terms of the bogie-chassis interface is focused on guaranteeing ducts in the crossbar in such a way that the cables and pipes of the lower part of the chassis cross transversely to the crossbar and thus do not interfere with the movement of the Bogie Document EP2722246 Al presents the structure of the chassis of a railway vehicle and in particular a sleeper, made of steel, which is arranged in the lower part of the frame, joining it through bolts. It has a mostly rectangular section, which has a series of transverse reinforcements to its longitudinal axis and also extensions with perforations for mounting on the chassis. Likewise, this design includes three pipelines, one central and two lateral, through which cables and pipes are arranged transversely to the crossbar and through the middle of it.

EP2110291 A2 presents the structure of the chassis of a railway vehicle, in particular that of a crossbeam arranged below the frame. Its geometry contemplates one or two transverse cavities to its longitudinal axis, located towards the center of the secondary suspension connections. Through the cavities the passage of cables and pipes that are in the vicinity of the bogie in the transverse direction of the crossbeam and through the middle of the same is allowed. The crossbar is composed of a mostly rectangular cross section, of constant height and width along it.

The current technique then focuses on the arrangement of ducts in the sleeper for the arrangement of elements through it. However, the current disadvantages of the state of the art are that the proposed designs are difficult to manufacture, in that they require a particular design of assembly dies for the positioning of their high number of parts. They also require a high number of welding processes in their assembly, increasing the possibility of deformation due to thermal contraction. On the other hand, existing designs for aluminum structures require the turning of the chassis for the mounting of the crossbar, due to the different directions of the joining regions, making the assembly process It also requires highly complex matrices both for the manufacture of new bodies and for the repowering of existing bodies. As for the sleepers in which a bolted connection to the chassis is presented, not all current aluminum structures have a capacity to admit a bolted connection, due to the thin wall geometry of the profiles referring to the vehicle chassis, so which represent a risk of fatigue wear in the bolt holes, both in the crossbar and in the bodywork.

Brief Description of the Invention

The present invention corresponds to a railway vehicle crossbar by means of which the chassis and the bogie are connected. The crossbar comprises a central profile and two lateral profiles arranged one on each side of the central profile. The central profile has a rectangular cross section described by the union of a lower face with two lateral faces configuring two lower nodes and the union of an upper face with the two lateral faces configuring two upper nodes. The rectangular cross section extends along a longitudinal axis. The central profile has two ribs arranged inside the rectangular cross-section, where each rib extends from a lower node to the same point on the upper face forming a central node. The central profile comprises upper fins that extend from the upper nodes and lower fins that extend from the lower nodes. Each side profile has a hexagonal cross-section described by the union of an inner side wall, an upper wall, a lower wall, an upper inclined wall, a lower inclined wall and an external side wall. The inner side wall joins the upper wall and a lower wall, forming a right upper nodule and a lower nodule. At the other end of the upper wall, the upper inclined wall is attached, forming a left upper node and describes an angle λ with respect to a vertical axis. The other end of the lower wall joins the lower inclined wall, which describes the angle α with respect to the lower wall, and the outer side wall joins the ends of the upper inclined wall and the lower inclined wall. The outer side wall is parallel to the inner side wall. The junction point of the outer side wall and the upper inclined wall forms an external nodule. Each side profile has a first horizontal rib, a second horizontal rib, a vertical rib, a first oblique rib, a second oblique rib, and a third oblique rib. The first horizontal rib extends from the outer nodule into the rectangular cross section until it joins the vertical rib. The vertical rib extends from the bottom wall into the rectangular cross section until it joins the first horizontal rib forming a top central nodule. The second horizontal rib extends from the junction point of the outer lateral wall and the lower inclined wall towards the inside of the cross section until it joins the vertical rib forming a lower central nodule. The first oblique rib extends from the lower nodule to the lower central nodule. The second oblique rib extends from the upper right nodule to the upper central nodule. The third oblique rib extends from the upper left nodule to the upper central nodule. The vertical rib is parallel to the inner side wall and is located at a distance or from the inner side wall. The first horizontal rib is parallel to the bottom wall, and the second horizontal rib is parallel to the first horizontal rib. The lateral profiles are axially symmetrical with respect to the vertical axis. The vertical axis is perpendicular to the longitudinal axis. Each lateral profile comprises an upper protrusion and a lower protuberance located in the inner lateral wall.

Also a subject of the invention is a method for assembling the sleeper. The method comprises the steps of: a) positioning a lateral profile to the left side of the central profile, and a lateral profile to the right side of the central profile, such that the upper protrusions and lower protuberances touch the lateral faces, with separations being arranged between the upper and lower fins with the internal lateral walls; and, b) weld the side profiles and the central profile by applying welding in the separations.

It is also the object of the invention, a process for arranging the sleeper in the chassis of a railway vehicle having a frame with an upper surface and a lower surface and two stringers. The process includes the steps of: m) machining ends of the crossbar and the frame;

n) locate the crossbar in the frame and between the stringers; Y,

o) weld the bottom surfaces, the inclined surface and the external protuberance, and weld the joint between the inner surface of the crossbar and the outer contour of the crossbar at its ends.

In step (m) the lateral face, internal lateral wall, ribs, horizontal rib, vertical rib and oblique ribs are roughed, from the end of the crossbar to the interior thereof a depth w. The thickness of the upper face and the upper walls is reduced to an equal thickness and; and the lower face and the lower walls at a thickness equal to x, from the end of the sleeper to a depth equal to the roughing. And the frame is machined in order to obtain two oblique inclined surfaces. Each oblique inclined surface extends from the upper surface to the lower surface and between the stringers. Each oblique inclined surface describes an angle δ. The oblique inclined surfaces separate a measured distance between the lower surfaces.

In step (n), the crossbar is located in the frame and between the stringers such that the longitudinal axis is perpendicular to the direction of travel of the chassis, and the lower surfaces have contact with the side profiles. Brief description of the figures

FIG. 1 illustrates a cross section of the crossbar, in which the central profile and lateral profiles are observed.

FIG. 2 illustrates the cross section of the central profile of the sleeper and the ribs are displayed.

FIG. 3 shows the cross section of the lateral profile of the left side of the sleeper, its two horizontal ribs, its three oblique ribs and its vertical rib. It also details the tab that is located at the top and illustrates a detail of the external protuberance that composes it.

FIG. 4 illustrates the separation between the left lateral profile and the central profile.

FIG. 5 shows the section of the chassis of a railway vehicle, consisting of a frame and two stringer.

FIG. 6 illustrates the preparation of a sleeper for its arrangement in the chassis of a railway vehicle.

FIG. 7 illustrates the geometry of the cut of a frame of a railway vehicle.

FIG. 8 shows the arrangement of the crossbar in a frame of a railway vehicle, making a detail in the connection between the lower surface of the frame and the external protrusion of the crossbar.

FIG. 9 illustrates an isometric with the arrangement of the profiles to form the crossbar, its vertical axis and its longitudinal axis. Detailed description of the invention

The present invention corresponds to a structural element of railway vehicles, called a sleeper.

Referring to FIG. 1, the crossbar corresponds to a monolithic structure whose periphery of the cross section describes an octagonal geometry. This cross section extends along a longitudinal axis (1), illustrated in FIG. 9. The naughty is comprised of:

- a central profile (3); Y,

- two side profiles (4).

Referring to FIG. 1 and FIG. 9, the side profiles (4) join the central profile (3), specifically the side faces (5) of the central profile (3), one for each side face (5). The lateral profiles (4) are axially symmetrical, with respect to the vertical axis (2), perpendicular to the longitudinal axis (1). The central profile (3) has a rectangular cross section that extends along the longitudinal axis (1). The side profiles (4) have a hexagonal cross section that extends along the longitudinal axis (1).

Referring to FIG. 2, the central profile (3) is comprised of:

- two side faces (5);

- an upper face (6);

- a lower face (7); Y,

- two ribs (8).

Referring to FIG. 2, the articulation of the lateral faces (5), the upper face (6) and the lower face (7) describe the rectangular cross section of the central profile (3). The previous articulation generates two upper nodes (9) and two lower nodes (10) The upper nodes (9) correspond to the junction point of the upper face (6) with the lateral faces (5). The lower nodes (10) correspond to the point of attachment of the lower face (7) with the lateral faces (5). Referring to FIG. 2, the two ribs (8) are arranged inside the rectangular section described above. The ribs (8) extend from the lower nodes (10) to the same point on the upper face (6), a rib (8) for each lower node (10). The point where the ribs (8) are located on the upper face (6) configures a central node (11). The central node (11) is equidistant from the upper nodes (9). Accordingly, within the cross section three triangles are described, an isosceles triangle located in the center of the cross section, and two located right triangles, one on each side of the isosceles triangle. The vertical axis (2) extends along the central node (11).

Referring to FIG. 2, the upper face (6) has a constant thickness a. The underside (7) has a variable thickness b. The thickness b is greater in the center of the lower face (7) and its size varies decreasing as it moves towards the lower nodes (10). The lateral faces (5) have a thickness c. And the ribs (8) have a thickness d. The following table indicates the relationship between the thicknesses:

The indicated ratios comprise a tolerance range of ± 20%.

In one embodiment of the invention a equals 8mm, therefore: b (center) 25mm b (end) 17mm

c 6mm

d 5mm

Referring to FIG. 2, the central profile (3) has two upper wings (12) and two lower wings (13). The upper fins (12) extend horizontally from the upper nodes (9), an upper fin (12) for each upper node (9). The lower fins (13) extend horizontally from the lower nodes (10), a lower fin (13) for each lower node (10). Each fin extends a length e, which is less than the length p of the protuberances (the protuberances are described below). At the end of the fins, the termination is in chamfer. The chamfer describes an angle Ω whose dimension is between 30 ° and 35 °. The arrangement of the chamfer is such that the face of the chamfer faces outward from the central profile (3).

Referring to FIG. 3, each side profile (4) has a hexagonal cross section. Next, the lateral profile (4) that is arranged to the left of the central profile (3) is described. The lateral profile (4) that is arranged to the right of the central profile (3), is axially symmetrical to the profile described below, with respect to the vertical axis (2).

Referring to FIG. 3, the side profile (4) comprises: - an internal side wall (14);

- an upper wall (15);

- a bottom wall (16);

- an external side wall (17);

- an upper inclined wall (18);

- a lower inclined wall (19);

- two horizontal ribs (20);

- a vertical rib (21); Y,

- three oblique ribs (22). Referring to FIG. 3, the upper wall (15) and the lower wall (16) are joined at the ends of the inner side wall (14), one at each end, each being orthogonal to the inner side wall (14) and parallel to each other . The point of attachment between the inner side wall (14) and the lower wall (16) corresponds to the lower nodule (23). The point of attachment between the inner side wall (14) and the upper wall (15) corresponds to the upper right nodule (24). The upper inclined wall (18) joins the other end of the upper wall (15) and describes an angle λ between 30 ° and 60 ° with respect to the vertical axis, which is parallel to the outer side wall (17). The point of attachment between the upper inclined wall (18) and the upper wall (15) corresponds to the upper left nodule (25).

The lower inclined wall (19) joins the other end of the lower wall (16) and describes an angle α between 45 ° and 90 ° with respect to the lower wall (16). The outer side wall (17) joins the free ends of the upper inclined wall (18) and the lower inclined wall (19). The outer side wall (17) is parallel to the inner side wall (14). The point of attachment between the outer side wall (17) and the upper inclined wall (18) corresponds to the outer nodule (26). The arrangement of the walls described above, form the hexagonal cross section of the side profile (4).

Referring to FIG. 3, inside the hexagonal cross section of the side profile (4), the two horizontal ribs (20), the vertical rib (21) and the three oblique ribs (22) are arranged. A first horizontal rib (20) extends from the outer nodule (26) into the cross section until it joins the vertical rib (21). The first horizontal rib is parallel to the bottom wall (16). The vertical rib (21) extends parallel to the inner side wall (14) until it meets the first horizontal rib (20). The meeting point of the first horizontal rib (20) and the vertical rib (21) make up the upper central nodule (27). The vertical rib (21) is located at a distance or measured from the inner side wall (14). The distance or has a value between 80mm and 150mm, which allows a sufficient spacing for the entry of jaws in the assembly process (which is described below) and tools (if required). The second horizontal rib (20) extends from the point of attachment of the outer side wall (17) and the lower inclined wall (19) into the cross section until it joins the vertical rib (21). The second horizontal rib (20) is parallel to the first horizontal rib (20). The meeting point of the second horizontal rib (20) and the vertical rib (21) make up the lower central nodule (28). A first oblique rib (22) extends from the lower nodule (23) to the lower central nodule (28). A second oblique rib (22) extends from the upper right nodule (24) to the upper central nodule (27). And a third oblique rib (22) extends from the upper left nodule (25) to the upper central nodule (27). Given the above description, three triangles, two trapezoids and a rectangle are described inside the hexagonal cross section.

The upper wall (15) has a constant thickness f. The lower wall (16) has a variable thickness g, being greater in the region adjacent to the lower nodule (23) and smaller in the junction between the lower inclined wall (19) and the lower wall (16). The upper inclined wall (18) has a thickness h. The lower inclined wall (19) has a thickness i. The outer side wall (17) has a thickness j, and the inner side wall (14) has a thickness k. The oblique ribs (22) have an equal thickness m for all of them. The vertical rib (21) has a thickness 1. The horizontal ribs (20) have a thickness n, being that of the first horizontal rib. The following table shows the ratio of the thicknesses to the base dimension a.

j 3: 4

k 3: 4

1 1: 1

m 2: 3 n (first horizontal rib) 2: 3

n (second horizontal rib) 5: 4

The indicated ratios comprise a tolerance range of ± 20%. In one embodiment of the invention a equals 8mm, therefore:

Referring to FIG. 3, an upper protuberance (29) extends from the inner side wall (14). A lower protuberance (30) extends from the inner side wall (14). The above protuberances are parallel to each other, and parallel to the upper wall (15) and the lower wall (16). Both bulges extend a length p. The length p is greater than the length e in a preferred ratio of 5: 3. The upper protuberance (29) is located in the inner side wall (14) below the upper wall (15), at a distance q. The distance q is provided 1: 1 with respect to the thickness f of the upper wall (15).

The lower protuberance (30) is located in the inner side wall (14) above the bottom wall (16), at a distance r. The distance r has a 1: 1 ratio to the thickness g greater. An external protuberance (31) extends from the external nodule (26). The external protuberance (31) extends a length s that is provided 5: 2 with respect to the base dimension a. The external protuberance (31) is parallel to the upper wall (15) and lower wall (16). A flange (32) extends horizontally from the upper left nodule (25). The flange (32) extends a distance t, with a ratio of 3: 4 to the thickness f. The upper right nodule (24) and the lower nodule (23) have a chamfer finish with an angle β. The angle β has a range between 25 ° and 45 °. On the other hand, the flange (32) and the external protuberance (31) have a chamfer finish with an angle Θ. The angle Θ has a value between 30 ° and 45 °. The indicated ratios comprise a tolerance range of ± 20%.

The union in the nodes and nodules in the corresponding walls and faces, have roundings in order to reduce the stress concentrators, with values between 3mm and 50mm. Therefore, the structure of the profiles is provided with mechanical resistance to cracks due to fatigue and impact.

The arrangement of the ribs (8) inside the central profile (3) provides rigidity and structural resistance to the central profile (3). The arrangement of the two horizontal ribs (20), the vertical rib (21) and the three oblique ribs (22) provide rigidity and structural resistance to the lateral profile (4). The first horizontal rib provides structural integrity to the external nodule (26) since it extends the lower connection to the frame (36) and the external protuberance (31) (described below), which leads to the reduction of efforts in the external nodule (26). The thickness of the second horizontal rib (20) is greater than that of the first horizontal rib (20) to allow connection to external components (if required). The thicknesses of the lower face (7) and the lower walls (16) when assembling the crossbar provide a variable thickness being greater to the center of the crossbar and decreasing towards its ends; they are different to split the direct coupling of external components and withstand the efforts for direct contact. The arrangement of the profiles with its internal geometry provides a mechanical resistance to loads by bending, torsion, direct contact loads and fatigue resistance, product of the operation of a sleeper in the body.

The procedure for assembling the central profile (3) with the lateral profile (4) located to the left of the central profile (3) is described below. Given the axial symmetry between the side profiles (4), the side profile assembly procedure (4) that is located to the right of the central profile (3), is the same as indicated below and can be performed synchronously. The procedure comprises the following steps: a) position the lateral profile (4) to the left side of the central profile (3);

b) weld the central profile (3) and the lateral profile (4); Referring to FIG. 4, in step (a), the lateral profile (4) is positioned on the left side of the central profile (3) such that the upper protuberance (29) and the lower protuberance (30) touch the lateral face (5) of the central profile (3). The previous positioning is fixed for the subsequent stage (b). Fixing can be done by using jaws that are fixed to the side face (5) of the central profile (3) and the inner side wall (14) of the side profile (4). The joint supplied by the jaw must be such that it restricts all degrees of freedom between the central profile (3) and the lateral profile (4).

In one embodiment of the invention, the gagged profiles on the inner side walls (14) and the side faces (5) are disposed between jaws. The profiles are fixed by having jaws fastened along the outer side walls (17) of the side profiles (4). The jaws exert a directed force to maintain the position of the gagged profiles. In step (a), there is a separation between the upper fin (12) and the inner side wall (14), and the lower fin (13) and the inner side wall (14), guaranteed by the difference in distances p and e. In step (b) the central profile (3) and the lateral profile (4) are welded by applying the welding in the separations indicated above. Each separation is of a distance v, which contemplates the longitudinal deformations due to thermal contraction. The arrangement of the central profile (3) and the lateral profile (4) is such that it facilitates the welding in a flat position. Additionally, the geometry of the profiles, specifically the presence of the protuberances, prevents the approach of the faces of the profiles due to the contraction of the welding process, which guarantees a uniform contraction along the length of the profiles. The aforementioned causes that the thermal deformations associated with the welding process are minimized and therefore an object with reduced and controlled deformation is obtained.

In one embodiment of the invention, welding of the visible separations is first performed from a plan view, that is, welding is performed in a flat position. The separations visible from a bottom view, welding is performed in an upright position, overhead.

It is known in the state of the art, that welds made in a flat position allow greater penetration of the weld bead and decrease imperfections in the bead. Therefore, in one embodiment of the invention, the welding jaws allow the gagged profiles to be rotated while still exerting force by means of the jaws. In this mode, the separations visible from a bottom view become visible from a top view, therefore welding can be performed in a flat position.

Referring to FIG. 5, a passenger rail vehicle in which the chassis is composed of a structure with a symmetrical cross-section with respect to the vertical axis of the vehicle (34), which extends longitudinally in the direction of advance of the vehicle. The chassis is composed in its center of a frame (36) of rectangular section, and two lateral stringers (37) of rectangular section arranged symmetrically on the side and side of the frame (36). The frame (36) and the two stringers (37) they have a hollow section, reinforced by internal ribs (38), which form a framework and triangular and trapezoidal cavities.

The frame (36) has a horizontal upper surface (39), a lower horizontal surface (40) and parallel to the upper surface (39). It also has internal ribs (38) that join the lower surface (40) with the upper surface (39).

The stringer (37) has an internal surface (41), which is arranged towards the bottom of the frame (36).

In order to arrange the crossbar in the chassis of a railway vehicle, the machining required for the assembly of pipelines and mechanical elements of the railway vehicle, such as shock absorbers, bogie connection, among others, is made in the crossbar. Machining is done on the interface components with the mechanical components. The interface components may be the lower face (7), lower wall (16), lower inclined wall (19), and second horizontal rib (20).

To arrange the chassis crossbar of a railway vehicle, the process comprising the following steps is carried out: m) machining ends of the crossbar, and the frame (36);

n) locate the crossbar in the machined frame (36) and the stringers (37); and o) weld the crossbar to the machined frame (36) and the stringers (37). In the stage (m), the machining carried out in the crossbar is: my - machining of the lateral face (5), internal lateral wall (14), ribs (8), horizontal rib (20), vertical rib (21) ) and oblique ribs (22).

m2 - machining of the thickness of the upper face (6), lower face (7), upper wall (15) and lower wall (16). m3 - chamfer machining at the outer vertex of the upper face (6), lower face (7), upper wall (15), lower wall (16), external side wall (17), upper inclined wall (18), and lower inclined wall (19). The machining mi and m2 are carried out in order to avoid that the stress relief regions of the internal ribs to the upper face (6) and lower face (7) do not occur in the weld seams that are obtained in the stage (or ).

The chamfer that is made in the machining m3, has the function of preparing the welding that is carried out in stage (o).

Referring to FIG. 6, the machining mi corresponds to roughing the side face (5), inner side wall (14), ribs (8), horizontal rib (20), vertical rib (21) and oblique ribs (22), from the end of the a depth w of between 30mm and 60mm goes inside it.

Referring to FIG. 6, the machining m2 corresponds to reduce the thickness of the upper face (6), lower face (7), upper wall (15) and lower wall (16), from the end of the crossbar to a depth equal to the roughing in the my machining The thickness reduction is performed such that the thickness of the upper face (6) and the upper walls (15) are reduced to an equal thickness and, which comprises a value equal to or less than the thickness a; and the lower face (7) and the lower walls (16) are reduced to an equal thickness x, which comprises a value equal to or less than the minimum thickness between the thicknesses b and g, from the end of the crossbar to a depth equal to the rough. At the connection point of the upper face (6), lower face (7), upper wall (15) and lower wall (16), and the side face (5), internal side wall (14), ribs (8) , horizontal rib (20), vertical rib (21) and oblique ribs (22) rounding of radius dd. The radius dd is related to the depth w by a 1: 2 ratio. Referring to FIG. 6, the m3 machining corresponds to a chamfer at the end of the crossbar. The chamfer has an opening η between 25 ° and 60 °.

In step (m), referring to FIG. 7, the machining carried out in the frame (36) corresponds to obtaining an oblique inclined surface (45). The inclined surface (45) extending from the upper surface (39) to the lower surface (40), describing an angle δ. The angle δ takes values between 30 ° and 45 °. The angle δ is measured with respect to the vertical axis (2). The inclined surface extends between the stringers (37). As will be described later, the cross member is arranged in the chassis such that the longitudinal axis (1) is perpendicular to the direction of travel of the chassis. Therefore the inclined surface (45) has contact with the lateral profiles (4), that is to say two inclined surfaces (45) are required, one for each lateral profile (4). The inclined surfaces (45) are symmetrical with respect to the vertical axis (2). The inclined surfaces (45) are required to perform the welding of the crossbar to the frame (36), which will be described later.

The crossbar is arranged in the frame (36) which is continuous along its arrangement in the stringers (37), and the crossbar is arranged in an area that interrupts the continuity of the frame (36). Referring to FIG. 7, each inclined surface (45) is obtained by making the following cuts:

- first the vertical cut (43);

- subsequently the oblique cut (44). Referring to FIG. 7, the vertical cut (43) is made between the upper surface (39) and the lower surface (40) being perpendicular to these surfaces. Since two inclined surfaces (45) are required, the vertical cuts (43) separate a distance z. The distance z is related to the width of the crossbeam ce in a 9: 10 ratio. Referring to FIG. 7, the oblique cut (44) is made by displacing a tailored distance on the upper surface (39), from the point of the vertical cut (43). From the point corresponding to the distance aa, the oblique cut (44) is made towards the lower surface (40). The oblique cut (44) is performed by describing the angle δ.

The distance z, the distance aa, and the angle δ must be such that the separation between the lower surfaces (40) of the inclined surfaces (45) provides a distance bb. The distance bb is equal to the width ce of the sleeper. Additionally, the accuracy of the distance bb depends exclusively on the dimension u.

Once stage (m) is completed, stage (n) is carried out. Referring to FIG. 8, in step (n) the crossbar is located in the frame (36) and the stringers (37). Specifically, the crossbeam is arranged in the cavity generated for obtaining the inclined surfaces (45) in the frame (36), such that the upper face (6) is aligned with the upper surface (39). The longitudinal axis (46) is arranged parallel to the horizontal axis (35), and the vertical axis (2) aligns with the vertical axis of the vehicle (34). The external protuberances (31) are positioned such that the lower surface (40) is arranged above them. Once stage (n) is completed, stage (o) is carried out. Referring to FIG. 8, in step (o) all parts of the crossbar are welded in contact with the frame (36) and the stringers (37). They are welded between the bottom surface (40) and the inclined surface (45); and the chamfer of the external protuberance (30). The previous welding is carried out in a flat position, moving parallel to the horizontal axis of the vehicle (35). Referring to FIG. 6, the joint between the inner surface (41) and the outer contour of the sleeper is welded at its longitudinal ends having the angle bevel η. Given the provision obtained in step (n), there are two options:

1. perform vertical welding of the outer side walls (17) with the stringers (37), perform flat welding of the upper face (6), upper walls (15) and upper inclined walls (18) with the stringers (37), and welding of the lower face (7), lower walls (16) and lower inclined walls (19) with the stringers (37) in head position; or

2. Perform vertical welding of the external side walls (17) with the stringers (37), perform flat welding of the upper face (6), upper walls (15) and upper inclined walls (18) with the stringers (37) in flat position, rotate the frame assembly (36), crossbar and stringers (37), and weld lower face (7), lower walls (16) and lower inclined walls (19) with the stringers (37) in a flat position

The combination of the inclination δ corresponding to the inclined face (45), the inclination of the upper inclined wall (18) and the separation s allow generating a sufficient opening for the access of the welding tool (49) to the junction point between the bottom face (40) and the tab (31). The preparation of the angle δ also serves for the preparation of the inclined surface (45) generating a chamfer for the welding process.

Additionally, a cover (42) can be arranged in space conceived between the inclined surface (45) and the upper inclined wall (18). Referring to FIG. 8, the cover (42) is arranged on the flange (32) and the upper surface chamfer (39). Subsequently, the joint weld bead is made between the cover (42) and the upper nodule (25), then the weld is made between the cover (42) and the upper surface chamfer (39), and finally it is performed the connecting cord between the cover (42) and the inner surface (41) of the crossbar (37).

The configuration of the crossbar and the process for arranging the crossbar in the chassis of a railway vehicle, allows to have the crossbar for installations in new railway vehicles or for the replacement or repowering of a bodywork. For the repowering, it has an advantage which corresponds to the fact that the majority of the welds can be made in a flat position, so that the turning of the bodywork is avoided. It should be understood that the present invention is not limited to the modalities described and illustrated, since as will be evident to a person versed in art, there are possible variations and modifications that do not depart from the spirit of the invention, which is only found defined by the following claims.

Claims

MODIFIED REIVINDICATORY CHAPTER

1. A sleeper of railway vehicles through which the chassis and bogie are connected, comprising:

- a central profile having a rectangular cross section described by the union of a lower face with two lateral faces configuring two lower nodes and the union of an upper face with the two lateral faces configuring two upper nodes, the rectangular cross section extends to along a longitudinal axis, the central profile has two ribs arranged inside the rectangular cross-section, where each rib extends from a lower node to the same point on the upper face forming a central node; Y,

- two lateral profiles arranged one on each side of the central profile, each lateral profile has a hexagonal cross-section described by the union of an internal lateral wall with an upper wall and a lower wall configuring a right upper node and a lower node, to the other An upper inclined wall joins one end of the upper wall by configuring an upper left nodule and describing an angle λ with respect to a vertical axis, at the other end of the lower wall is a lower inclined wall, which describes the angle α with respect to the wall bottom, and an outer side wall joins the ends of the upper inclined wall and the lower inclined wall, the outer side wall is parallel to the inner side wall, the junction point of the outer side wall and the upper inclined wall configures an external nodule, each lateral profile has a first horizontal rib that extends from the external nodule into the interior of the With a rectangular cross section until joining with a vertical rib, the vertical rib extends from the bottom wall into the rectangular cross section until it joins the first horizontal rib forming a top central nodule, a second horizontal rib extends from the point joining the outer lateral wall and the lower inclined wall towards the inside of the cross section until joining the vertical rib forming a lower central nodule, a first oblique rib extends from the lower nodule to the lower central nodule, a second oblique rib extends from the upper right nodule towards the upper central nodule, a third oblique rib extends from the upper left nodule to the upper central nodule, the vertical rib is parallel to the inner lateral wall and is located at a distance or from the inner lateral wall, the first horizontal rib is parallel to the bottom wall, and the second horizontal rib is parallel to the first horizontal rib, the lateral profiles are axially symmetrical with respect to the vertical axis, the vertical axis is perpendicular to the longitudinal axis.

2. The cross member of claim 1, characterized in that the angle λ is between 30 ° and 60 °.

3. The cross member of claim 1, comprising:

- two upper fins, where the upper fins extend a distance and horizontally from the upper nodes, an upper fin for each upper node;

- two lower fins, where the lower fins extend the distance and horizontally from the lower nodes, a lower fin for each lower node;

- an upper protuberance extending a distance p from the inner side wall, and a distance q below the upper wall is located;

- a lower protrusion that extends the distance p from the inner side wall, and a distance r is located above the bottom wall;

- an external protuberance extending a length s from the external nodule; and>

- a flange that extends horizontally a distance t from the upper left nodule;

where the upper protrusion, the inferior protuberance and the external protuberance are parallel to the upper wall and the lower wall.

4. A method for assembling the sleeper of claims 1 and 3, comprising the steps of: a) position a lateral profile on the left side of the central profile, and a lateral profile on the right side of the central profile, such that the upper protuberances and the lower protuberances touch the lateral faces, providing separations between the upper fins and lower fins with the internal lateral walls and the lateral faces are fixed with the internal lateral walls restricting the degrees of freedom of the lateral profiles and the central profile; Y,

b) weld the side profiles and the central profile by applying welding in the separations.

5. A process for arranging the crossbar of claims 1, 2 and 3 in the chassis of a railway vehicle having a frame with an upper surface and a lower surface and two stringers, the process comprises the steps of:

m) machining ends of the sleeper by roughing the lateral face, internal lateral wall, ribs, horizontal rib, vertical rib and oblique ribs, from the end of the sleeper to the inside thereof a depth w, reducing the thickness of the upper face and the upper walls of equal thickness and; and the lower face and the lower walls of an equal thickness x, from the end of the crossbar to a depth equal to the roughing, and machining the frame in order to obtain two oblique inclined surfaces, each oblique inclined surface extends from the surface upper to the lower surface and between the stringers, each oblique inclined surface describes an angle δ, the oblique inclined surfaces are separated by a measured distance bb between the lower surfaces;

n) locate the crossbar in the frame and between the stringers such that the longitudinal axis is perpendicular to the direction of travel of the chassis, and the lower surfaces have contact with the side profiles; Y,

o) weld the bottom surfaces, the inclined surfaces and the chamfer of the external protuberances, and weld the joint between the inner surface and the outer contour of the sleeper at its ends.

6. The process of claim 5, characterized in that the depth w is between 30mm and 60mm.

7. The process of claim 5, characterized in that in step (m) by reducing the thickness of the upper face, lower face, upper wall and lower wall, the thickness is greater at the point equivalent to the location of the depth of the roughing and minor at the end of the sleeper.

8. The process of claim 5, characterized in that the distance bb is equal to the width ce of the crossbar.

9. The process of claim 5, characterized in that the angle δ is between 30 ° and 45 °

10. The process of claim 5, characterized in that in step (n) the lower surfaces are arranged above the external protuberances.