WO2017099225A1 - Heavy oil viscosity depressant, method for lowering viscosity of heavy oil, and method for recovering heavy oil - Google Patents

Heavy oil viscosity depressant, method for lowering viscosity of heavy oil, and method for recovering heavy oil Download PDF

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WO2017099225A1
WO2017099225A1 PCT/JP2016/086752 JP2016086752W WO2017099225A1 WO 2017099225 A1 WO2017099225 A1 WO 2017099225A1 JP 2016086752 W JP2016086752 W JP 2016086752W WO 2017099225 A1 WO2017099225 A1 WO 2017099225A1
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heavy oil
group
viscosity
carbon atoms
agent
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French (fr)
Japanese (ja)
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健夫 ▲高▼橋
慎弥 高橋
睦 金子
良太 黒須
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株式会社クレハ
日本乳化剤株式会社
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Publication of WO2017099225A1 publication Critical patent/WO2017099225A1/en

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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
    • C09K3/00—Materials not provided for elsewhere
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
    • C09K8/00—Compositions for drilling of boreholes or wells; Compositions for treating boreholes or wells, e.g. for completion or for remedial operations
    • C09K8/58—Compositions for enhanced recovery methods for obtaining hydrocarbons, i.e. for improving the mobility of the oil, e.g. displacing fluids
    • C09K8/584—Compositions for enhanced recovery methods for obtaining hydrocarbons, i.e. for improving the mobility of the oil, e.g. displacing fluids characterised by the use of specific surfactants

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a thickening agent for heavy oil, a method for reducing the viscosity of heavy oil, and a method for recovering heavy oil.
  • Heavy oil such as bitumen is considered to have several times the initial reserves of ordinary light medium oil and is being developed to meet future crude oil demand. Since heavy oil has a higher viscosity than light medium oil, it cannot be recovered from the formation by conventional methods such as self-injection or pumping by well drilling, so a sandstone layer containing heavy oil (both oil sand and tar sand) Retrieval by the open-pit mining method (called) or direct recovery from the formation by the in-situ method.
  • Recovery by open pit mining is performed, for example, by the following process. That is, a relatively shallow formation containing heavy oil is cut and oil sand is mined. Heavy oil is recovered through a step of separating heavy oil-containing components and solid sand, and a step of separating heavy oil and moisture.
  • an enhanced recovery method a method of reducing the viscosity of heavy oil using steam is known.For example, two vertical wells are drilled, steam is injected from one of them, and heated with steam to form a formation.
  • Surfactants may be used to reduce the viscosity of the heavy oil.
  • Such surfactants are disclosed in, for example, Patent Documents 1 to 3.
  • Patent Document 4 discloses an emulsion comprising three components of heavy oil, surfactant and water.
  • the viscosity of heavy oil when the viscosity of heavy oil is reduced by emulsification, particularly when used for extraction of heavy oil, it is necessary to easily and quickly emulsify the heavy oil that is the object of emulsification within the formation. That is, although it is difficult to stir and mix using a special emulsifier in the formation, it is necessary to emulsify even under such conditions. Furthermore, when reducing the viscosity of heavy oil by emulsification, the reduced viscosity state of the heavy oil may not be maintained for a long time. That is, even when the viscosity of the heavy oil is lowered, the lowered viscosity may be released after a long time.
  • the present invention has been made in view of such problems, and it is an object of the present invention to provide a heavy oil low-viscosity agent having excellent stability over time.
  • the present inventor has found that a low viscosity state of heavy oil can be maintained for a long time by using a specific compound, and has arrived at the present invention.
  • the heavy oil low viscosity agent according to the present invention has the following formula (1):
  • R 1 is an aryl group having 6 to 20 carbon atoms
  • R 2 is a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group having 1 to 3 carbon atoms
  • R 3 is a branched or straight chain having 2 to 4 carbon atoms.
  • An alkylene group, and R 4 is a CH 2 COO group, SO 3 group, CH 2 CH 2 SO 3 group, CH 2 CH 2 CH 2 SO 3 group, CH 2 CH 2 CH 2 SO 3 group, or PO
  • M is ammonium, alkanolamine, alkylamine or alkali metal
  • a is an integer of 1 to 3
  • each of a plurality of R 1 may be the same or different.
  • b is an integer of 0 to 100
  • the method for reducing the viscosity of heavy oil according to the present invention comprises diluting a heavy oil, a heavy oil, and a heavy oil reducing agent containing the compound represented by the above formula (1). Including a mixing step of mixing with a diluent.
  • the heavy oil recovery method comprises mixing the compound represented by the above formula (1) with a diluent for diluting the heavy oil, thereby reducing the viscosity of the heavy oil. Including a preparation step for preparing the heavy oil, an injection step for injecting the heavy oil lowering agent into the formation containing the heavy oil, and a recovery step for recovering the reduced heavy oil.
  • the heavy oil recovery method according to the present invention is a method for recovering heavy oil from oil sand, which comprises a compound represented by the above formula (1) and a diluent for diluting the heavy oil. And a preparation step for preparing a heavy oil low viscosity agent by mixing, and an injection for injecting the heavy oil low viscosity agent into a mixer for contact with an oil sand containing heavy oil And a recovery step of recovering the heavy oil whose viscosity has been reduced.
  • the viscosity reducing agent for heavy oil according to the present invention is used, there is an effect that the heavy oil can be easily and quickly emulsified. Moreover, according to the method for reducing the viscosity of heavy oil according to the present invention, the effect of reducing the viscosity of the heavy oil can be maintained for a long time.
  • the heavy oil viscosity reducing agent according to one embodiment of the present invention is represented by the following formula (1):
  • R 1 is an aryl group having 6 to 20 carbon atoms
  • R 2 is a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group having 1 to 3 carbon atoms
  • R 3 is a branched or straight chain having 2 to 4 carbon atoms.
  • An alkylene group, and R 4 is a CH 2 COO group, SO 3 group, CH 2 CH 2 SO 3 group, CH 2 CH 2 CH 2 SO 3 group, CH 2 CH 2 CH 2 SO 3 group, or PO
  • M is ammonium, alkanolamine, alkylamine or alkali metal
  • a is an integer of 1 to 3
  • each of a plurality of R 1 may be the same or different.
  • b is an integer of 0 to 100).
  • R 1 examples include —C—C—C—Ph—C, —C—C—C—Ph, —Ph, and —Ph—Ph (Ph represents a benzene ring, and In these structural formulas, hydrogen atoms are omitted).
  • R 2 examples include a hydrogen atom, a methyl group, an ethyl group, and a propyl group.
  • R 3 examples include branched or straight-chain alkylene such as ethylene, propylene and butylene.
  • R 4 is a CH 2 COO group, SO 3 group, CH 2 CH 2 SO 3 group, CH 2 CH 2 CH 2 SO 3 group, CH 2 CH 2 CH 2 SO 3 group, or PO 3 group.
  • ammonium, alkanolamine and alkylamine examples include those represented by the following formula (2).
  • R 5 R 6 R 7 N (2) (Wherein R 5 , R 6 and R 7 are each independently or independently of each other, hydrogen, a linear or branched alkyl group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms, or a straight chain having 2 to 4 carbon atoms. Or a branched hydroxyalkyl group.)
  • alkanolamine examples include monoethanolamine, diethanolamine, and triethanolamine.
  • alkylamine examples include monoethylamine, diethylamine and triethylamine.
  • alkali metal examples include Li, Na and K.
  • Examples of the compound represented by the above formula (1) include polyoxyalkylene polycyclic phenyl ether sulfate triethanolamine salts, polyoxyalkylene polycyclic phenyl ether sulfate alkanolamine salts, and polyoxyethylene polycyclic phenyl. And polyoxyalkylene polycyclic phenyl ether phosphate alkanolamine salts such as ether phosphate triethanolamine salts.
  • polycyclic phenyl examples include styrenated phenyl, styrenated cresyl and cumylphenyl.
  • the heavy oil viscosity reducing agent according to an embodiment of the present invention may be a formalin condensate (for example, a bisphenol F derivative) of the compound represented by the above formula (1).
  • the heavy oil viscosity reducing agent according to one embodiment of the present invention may contain an additive in addition to the compound represented by the above formula (1).
  • the additive include a diluent for diluting heavy oil, an antifoaming agent (silicon-based, alcohol-based), and an emulsifying aid.
  • the diluent include water capable of diluting heavy oil, light oil and alcohol.
  • the diluent is preferably water because it is inexpensive and easily available.
  • One or more diluents may be contained in the heavy oil viscosity reducing agent according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the heavy oil viscosity reducing agent according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a diluent
  • the content of the diluent in the total weight of the heavy oil viscosity reducing agent is not particularly limited, On the other hand, 10 weight% or more is preferable and 15 weight% or more is more preferable. Moreover, 40 weight% or less is preferable, 30 weight% or less is more preferable, and 20 weight% or less is further more preferable. Further, without diluting to this preferred concentration, the compound of the above formula (1) may be used at a higher concentration and diluted to a preferred amount when used.
  • the heavy oil can be easily and rapidly emulsified.
  • the heavy oils that are the subject of one embodiment of the present invention are generally classified as bitumen if the viscosity measured at the oil phase temperature exceeds 10,000 cP, and as crude if the viscosity is 10,000 cP or less.
  • crude oil is further classified according to API specific gravity, and those exceeding 20 ° API are classified as medium light oil.
  • the heavy oil includes the bitumen and the crude oil described above that are 20 ° API or less.
  • a method for reducing the viscosity of a heavy oil according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a heavy oil reducing agent for heavy oil according to an embodiment of the present invention, a heavy oil, and a method for diluting the heavy oil.
  • the heavy oil viscosity reducing agent according to one embodiment of the present invention the heavy oil, and the above-described diluent for diluting the heavy oil may be mixed.
  • the mixing method in the mixing step is not particularly limited.
  • the heavy oil is either the dispersion medium or the dispersoid
  • the other dispersoid or dispersion medium and the heavy oil and the above formula (1) are used.
  • the compound represented by the above may be stirred and mixed in a container or the like.
  • the amount of the thickening agent for heavy oil to be used may be appropriately set according to the viscosity of the intended heavy oil, but is 0.1% by weight or more based on the entire heavy oil. Is preferable, and 0.2% by weight or more is more preferable. Moreover, 10 weight% or less is preferable and 5 weight% or less is more preferable.
  • the amount of the diluent to be used may be appropriately set according to the viscosity of the intended heavy oil, but is preferably 10% by weight or more, and 15% by weight or more based on the whole heavy oil. More preferred. Moreover, 40 weight% or less is preferable, 30 weight% or less is more preferable, and 20 weight% or less is further more preferable. If it is 10 weight% or more, a viscosity can be made low enough and it can emulsify easily. Further, by making the amount as small as 40% by weight or less, it is possible to make the pipeline difficult to rust when, for example, the heavy oil whose viscosity has been reduced is recovered through the pipeline, for example.
  • the mixing temperature is preferably 0 ° C. or higher and 100 ° C. or lower. If it is the temperature of this range, heavy oil can be emulsified efficiently.
  • the heavy oil viscosity reducing agent according to an embodiment of the present invention since the heavy oil viscosity reducing agent according to an embodiment of the present invention is used, the heavy oil can be easily and rapidly emulsified.
  • mixing may be performed using a conventionally known mixing device or the like, and devices such as a homomixer and a homogenizer having a particularly high shearing force are not required.
  • the viscosity of the emulsified heavy oil obtained by the mixing step is preferably 5000 cP or less, and more preferably 1000 cP or less. If the viscosity is 5000 cP or less, the viscosity of the emulsified heavy oil is sufficiently low. For example, in the subsequent heavy oil recovery step, it becomes easy to recover the heavy oil.
  • the pH is preferably 8 or more and 10 or less.
  • the heavy oil recovery method according to one embodiment of the present invention uses the heavy oil low viscosity agent according to one embodiment of the present invention. Specifically, the preparation step, the injection step, And a recovery step. Hereinafter, each step will be described.
  • the low viscosity for heavy oil according to an embodiment of the present invention is obtained by mixing the compound represented by the above formula (1) and the diluent for diluting the heavy oil described above. An agent is prepared.
  • the heavy oil viscosity reducing agent according to an embodiment of the present invention is injected into a formation containing heavy oil or oil sand obtained by open pit mining.
  • An example of the strata is an underground stratum.
  • the injection method, injection rate, etc. of the heavy oil low viscosity agent are not particularly limited, and may be set as appropriate according to the type of formation, the environment at the time of injection, etc. .
  • a method of injecting only the low viscosity agent into the formation, or a method of combining the low viscosity agent and the steam attack method injecting the water vapor after injecting the low viscosity agent first, injecting the water vapor A method of injecting a low viscosity agent later, a method of simultaneously injecting a low viscosity agent and water vapor, or a method combined with a CSS method, in which water vapor is injected after injecting the low viscosity agent first, water vapor A method of injecting a low-viscosity agent after injecting, a method of injecting a low-viscosity agent and water vapor at the same time, or a method in combination with the SAGD method, injecting water vapor after
  • the heavy oil whose viscosity has been reduced is recovered.
  • the recovery method is not particularly limited, and may be set as appropriate according to the type of heavy oil and formation. For example, a process of recovering heavy oil whose viscosity has been reduced by injecting only the low viscosity agent into the formation, a method combining the low viscosity agent and the steam attack method, after the low viscosity agent has been injected first A method of recovering heavy oil whose viscosity has been reduced by injecting water vapor, a method of recovering heavy oil whose viscosity has been reduced by injecting a low viscosity agent after injecting water vapor, A method of recovering heavy oil that has been reduced in pressure by pressing, or a method that is combined with the CSS method, and that recovers heavy oil that has been reduced in viscosity by injecting steam after injecting the viscosity-increasing agent first.
  • a method of recovering heavy oil whose viscosity has been reduced by injecting a low viscosity agent after injecting water vapor a method of recovering heavy oil having a low viscosity by simultaneously injecting a low viscosity agent and water vapor Or in combination with the SAGD method, after first injecting a low viscosity agent
  • a method of recovering heavy oil whose viscosity has been reduced by injecting water vapor into it a method of recovering heavy oil whose viscosity has been reduced by injecting a low viscosity agent after injecting water vapor
  • a method of recovering heavy oil whose pressure has been reduced by press-fitting at the same time can be mentioned.
  • the viscosity was lowered by injecting only the above-mentioned viscosity reducing agent, or the above viscosity reducing agent and warm water, or the viscosity reducing agent and water vapor.
  • the reduced viscosity state of heavy oil is stably maintained over a long period of time, so that heavy oil can be recovered efficiently.
  • the heavy oil viscosity reducing agent according to an embodiment of the present invention is not only for recovering heavy oil from the formation, but also for extracting heavy oil from, for example, oil sand collected during open pit mining. It can be applied to various processes such as heavy oil recovery, extraction and transportation.
  • the heavy oil viscosity reducing agent according to an embodiment of the present invention can be applied to a method for recovering heavy oil from oil sand.
  • the heavy oil is recovered from the oil sand by mixing the compound represented by the above formula (1) with a diluent for diluting the heavy oil to reduce the viscosity for heavy oil.
  • a preparation step for preparing the agent an injection step for injecting the heavy oil low-viscosity agent into the mixer in order to contact the oil sand containing the heavy oil, and a low-viscosity heavy oil
  • a recovery step for recovery for recovery.
  • R 1 is an aryl group having 6 to 20 carbon atoms
  • R 2 is a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group having 1 to 3 carbon atoms
  • R 3 is a branched or straight chain having 2 to 4 carbon atoms.
  • An alkylene group, and R 4 is a CH 2 COO group, SO 3 group, CH 2 CH 2 SO 3 group, CH 2 CH 2 CH 2 SO 3 group, CH 2 CH 2 CH 2 SO 3 group, or PO
  • M is ammonium, alkanolamine, alkylamine or alkali metal
  • a is an integer of 1 to 3
  • each of a plurality of R 1 may be the same or different.
  • b is an integer of 0 to 100
  • the heavy oil viscosity reducing agent according to the present embodiment preferably includes a diluent for diluting the heavy oil, and the diluent is preferably water.
  • the method for reducing the viscosity of heavy oil according to the present embodiment includes a heavy oil reducing agent containing the compound represented by the above formula (1), heavy oil, and diluting the heavy oil.
  • the heavy oil recovery method according to the present embodiment is a method for reducing the viscosity of heavy oil by mixing the compound represented by the above formula (1) and a diluent for diluting the heavy oil.
  • the heavy oil recovery method is a method for recovering heavy oil from oil sand, and is a dilution for diluting the heavy oil and the compound represented by the above formula (1). And a preparation step for preparing a heavy oil lowering agent by mixing with an agent, and injecting the heavy oil lowering agent into a mixer for contact with an oil sand containing heavy oil An injection process and a recovery process for recovering the heavy oil whose viscosity has been reduced.
  • Bitumen heated in a 70 ° C. water bath, hard water, and emulsifiers shown in Table 1 were added to a 100 mL death cup. Next, using a three-one motor (300 rpm, propeller-type stirring blade), each raw material in the death cup was stirred for 5 minutes at room temperature (25 ° C.).
  • Table 2 shows the basic and practical formulations of bitumen, hard water, and each emulsifier.
  • the emulsifiability of the mixture after stirring is “ ⁇ ” if the bitumen and hard water are uniformly reduced in viscosity, and the emulsifiability is obtained if the bitumen and hard water are unevenly reduced in viscosity. If “ ⁇ ”, bitumen and hard water were non-uniform and highly viscous, the emulsifiability was evaluated as “x”. The results are shown in Table 1.

Abstract

A heavy oil viscosity depressant, a method for lowering the viscosity of heavy oil, and a method for recovering heavy oil are provided. The heavy oil viscosity depressant contains a compound represented by formula (1). (In the formula, R1 is an aryl group of 6-20 carbon atoms, R2 is a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group of 1-3 carbon atoms, R3 is a branched or linear alkylene group of 2-4 carbon atoms, R4 is a CH2COO group, an SO3 group, a CH2CH2SO3 group, a CH2CH2CH2SO3 group, a CH2CH2CH2CH2SO3 group or a PO3 group, M is an ammonium, alkanolamine, alkylamine, or an alkali metal, a is an integer from 1 to 3, and when a is 2 or 3, the multiple R1s may be the same or different, and b is an integer from 0 to 100).

Description

重質油用低粘度化剤、重質油の低粘度化方法、及び重質油の回収方法Heavy oil viscosity reducing agent, heavy oil viscosity reducing method, and heavy oil recovery method
　本発明は、重質油用低粘度化剤、重質油の低粘度化方法、及び重質油の回収方法に関する。 The present invention relates to a thickening agent for heavy oil, a method for reducing the viscosity of heavy oil, and a method for recovering heavy oil.
　ビチューメン等の重質油はその原始埋蔵量が通常の軽中質油の数倍あると考えられており、将来の原油需要を満たすため、開発が進められている。重質油は軽中質油と比較して粘度が高いことから、坑井掘削による自噴又はポンピングといった従来の方法では地層から回収できないため、重質油を含む砂岩層（オイルサンドあるいはタールサンドとも呼ばれる）の露天掘り採掘法による回収、あるいは増進回収法(in-situ)による地層からの直接回収が行われている。 Heavy oil such as bitumen is considered to have several times the initial reserves of ordinary light medium oil and is being developed to meet future crude oil demand. Since heavy oil has a higher viscosity than light medium oil, it cannot be recovered from the formation by conventional methods such as self-injection or pumping by well drilling, so a sandstone layer containing heavy oil (both oil sand and tar sand) Retrieval by the open-pit mining method (called) or direct recovery from the formation by the in-situ method.
　露天掘り採掘による回収は、例えば以下の工程により行われている。すなわち、重質油を含む比較的浅い地層を切り崩してオイルサンドを採掘し、それを粉砕機にかけて細かく粉砕した後、混合器で温水あるいは蒸気と混ぜ合わせてスラリーにする工程、スラリーを分離器にかけて重質油を含む成分と固形分である砂を分離する工程、重質油と水分を分離する工程を経て重質油が回収される。 Recovery by open pit mining is performed, for example, by the following process. That is, a relatively shallow formation containing heavy oil is cut and oil sand is mined. Heavy oil is recovered through a step of separating heavy oil-containing components and solid sand, and a step of separating heavy oil and moisture.
　50m以深などの比較的深い地層では、露天掘りが困難であるため、増進回収法による地層からの直接回収が用いられることがある。増進回収法としては水蒸気を使用して重質油を低粘度化する方法が知られており、例えば二本の垂直井戸を掘削してその一方から水蒸気を圧入し、水蒸気で加熱して地層に含まれる重質油の粘度を低下させ、水蒸気のフロントを隣接する生産井に水平移動させて、その生産井から重質油を回収する水蒸気攻法、一本の井戸を掘削して、その井戸に水蒸気を圧入した後ある一定期間密閉して、水蒸気を圧入した井戸から低粘度化された重質油を回収するCyclic Steam Stimulation (CSS) 法、及び上下ペアの水平井を掘削し、上部の水平井から水蒸気を圧入し、下部の水平井から低粘度化された重質油を回収するSteam Assisted Gravity Drainage (SAGD) 法などが知られている。現在、SAGD法が最も一般的な重質油の回収方法であるが、水蒸気を利用するため大量のエネルギーを用いる必要がある。 In the deeper strata such as 50m or deeper, it is difficult to open-pit mining, so direct recovery from the strata by the enhanced recovery method may be used. As an enhanced recovery method, a method of reducing the viscosity of heavy oil using steam is known.For example, two vertical wells are drilled, steam is injected from one of them, and heated with steam to form a formation. Reduce the viscosity of the heavy oil contained, move the front of the steam horizontally to the adjacent production well, steam attack that recovers heavy oil from that production well, drilling one well, the well After injecting water vapor into the well, seal it for a certain period of time, drill the Cyclic Steam Stimulation (CSS) method that recovers heavy oil with low viscosity from the well in which water vapor is injected, and the upper and lower horizontal wells. Steam Assisted Gravity Drainage (SAGD) す る method is known, in which steam is injected from a horizontal well and heavy oil with reduced viscosity is recovered from the lower horizontal well. Currently, the SAGD method is the most common heavy oil recovery method, but it requires a large amount of energy to use steam.
　その他、地層から重質油を回収する方法として、重質油を乳化させて低粘度化して抽出する方法が知られている。 In addition, as a method for recovering heavy oil from the formation, a method is known in which heavy oil is emulsified and extracted with reduced viscosity.
　上記重質油の低粘度化では界面活性剤が用いられることがある。このような界面活性剤は、例えば特許文献１～３に開示されている。また、重質油の乳化に関連して、特許文献４には、重質油、界面活性剤及び水の３成分を構成成分とするエマルジョンが開示されている。 ∙ Surfactants may be used to reduce the viscosity of the heavy oil. Such surfactants are disclosed in, for example, Patent Documents 1 to 3. In relation to emulsification of heavy oil, Patent Document 4 discloses an emulsion comprising three components of heavy oil, surfactant and water.
米国特許第５，２８２，９８４号US Pat. No. 5,282,984 米国特許第２，９７８，４０９号U.S. Pat. No. 2,978,409 国際公開公報第２００６／０５７６８８号International Publication No. 2006/056788 日本国特許公開公報「特開平６－８８０８２号」Japanese Patent Publication “JP-A-6-88082”
　ところで、重質油を乳化によって低粘度化する場合、特に重質油の抽出に用いる場合、乳化対象物である重質油を地層内で容易にかつ速やかに乳化させる必要がある。つまり、地層内で特殊な乳化装置を用いて撹拌混合することは困難であるが、そのような条件下でも乳化する必要がある。さらに重質油を乳化によって低粘度化する場合、重質油の低粘度化状態を長時間維持できないことがある。つまり、重質油を低粘度化しても、長時間経過すると、低粘度化された状態が解除されることがある。 Incidentally, when the viscosity of heavy oil is reduced by emulsification, particularly when used for extraction of heavy oil, it is necessary to easily and quickly emulsify the heavy oil that is the object of emulsification within the formation. That is, although it is difficult to stir and mix using a special emulsifier in the formation, it is necessary to emulsify even under such conditions. Furthermore, when reducing the viscosity of heavy oil by emulsification, the reduced viscosity state of the heavy oil may not be maintained for a long time. That is, even when the viscosity of the heavy oil is lowered, the lowered viscosity may be released after a long time.
　本発明はこのような問題に鑑みて成されたものであり、経時安定性に優れた、重質油の低粘度化剤を提供することにある。 The present invention has been made in view of such problems, and it is an object of the present invention to provide a heavy oil low-viscosity agent having excellent stability over time.
　本発明者は、上記の課題を解決するために鋭意研究を重ねた結果、特定の化合物を用いることで、重質油の低粘度化状態を長時間維持できることを見出し、本発明に想到した。 As a result of intensive studies to solve the above-mentioned problems, the present inventor has found that a low viscosity state of heavy oil can be maintained for a long time by using a specific compound, and has arrived at the present invention.
　すなわち、本発明に係る重質油用低粘度化剤は、下記式（１） That is, the heavy oil low viscosity agent according to the present invention has the following formula (1):
Figure JPOXMLDOC01-appb-C000005
Figure JPOXMLDOC01-appb-C000005
（式中、Ｒ１は炭素数６から２０のアリール基であり、Ｒ２は水素原子又は炭素数１から３のアルキル基であり、Ｒ３は炭素数２から４の分枝または直鎖のアルキレン基であり、Ｒ４はＣＨ２ＣＯＯ基、ＳＯ３基、ＣＨ２ＣＨ２ＳＯ３基、ＣＨ２ＣＨ２ＣＨ２ＳＯ３基、ＣＨ２ＣＨ２ＣＨ２ＣＨ２ＳＯ３基、又は、ＰＯ３基であり、Ｍはアンモニウム、アルカノールアミン、アルキルアミン又はアルカリ金属であり、ａは１から３の整数であり、ａが２又は３のとき、複数あるＲ１のそれぞれは同一でも異なっていてもよく、ｂは０から１００の整数である。）、で表される化合物を含むものである。 (Wherein R 1 is an aryl group having 6 to 20 carbon atoms, R 2 is a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group having 1 to 3 carbon atoms, and R 3 is a branched or straight chain having 2 to 4 carbon atoms. An alkylene group, and R 4 is a CH 2 COO group, SO 3 group, CH 2 CH 2 SO 3 group, CH 2 CH 2 CH 2 SO 3 group, CH 2 CH 2 CH 2 CH 2 SO 3 group, or PO Three groups, M is ammonium, alkanolamine, alkylamine or alkali metal, a is an integer of 1 to 3, and when a is 2 or 3, each of a plurality of R 1 may be the same or different. And b is an integer of 0 to 100)).
　また、本発明に係る重質油の低粘度化方法は、上記式（１）で表される化合物を含む重質油用低粘度化剤と、重質油と、当該重質油を希釈するための希釈剤とを混合する混合工程を含むものである。 Moreover, the method for reducing the viscosity of heavy oil according to the present invention comprises diluting a heavy oil, a heavy oil, and a heavy oil reducing agent containing the compound represented by the above formula (1). Including a mixing step of mixing with a diluent.
　また、本発明に係る重質油の回収方法は、上記式（１）で表される化合物と、重質油を希釈するための希釈剤と、を混合して重質油用低粘度化剤を調製する調製工程と、当該重質油用低粘度化剤を、重質油を含む地層に注入する注入工程と、低粘度化された重質油を回収する回収工程と、を含むものである。 Moreover, the heavy oil recovery method according to the present invention comprises mixing the compound represented by the above formula (1) with a diluent for diluting the heavy oil, thereby reducing the viscosity of the heavy oil. Including a preparation step for preparing the heavy oil, an injection step for injecting the heavy oil lowering agent into the formation containing the heavy oil, and a recovery step for recovering the reduced heavy oil.
　また、本発明に係る重質油の回収方法は、オイルサンドからの重質油の回収方法であって、上記式（１）で表される化合物と、重質油を希釈するための希釈剤と、を混合して重質油用低粘度化剤を調製する調製工程と、前記重質油用低粘度化剤を、重質油を含むオイルサンドと接触させるため混合器内に注入する注入工程と、低粘度化された重質油を回収する回収工程と、を含むものである。 Moreover, the heavy oil recovery method according to the present invention is a method for recovering heavy oil from oil sand, which comprises a compound represented by the above formula (1) and a diluent for diluting the heavy oil. And a preparation step for preparing a heavy oil low viscosity agent by mixing, and an injection for injecting the heavy oil low viscosity agent into a mixer for contact with an oil sand containing heavy oil And a recovery step of recovering the heavy oil whose viscosity has been reduced.
　本発明に係る重質油用低粘度化剤を用いれば、重質油を容易にかつ速やかに乳化できるという効果を奏する。また、本発明に係る重質油の低粘度化方法によれば、重質油の低粘度化状態を長時間維持できるという効果を奏する。 If the viscosity reducing agent for heavy oil according to the present invention is used, there is an effect that the heavy oil can be easily and quickly emulsified. Moreover, according to the method for reducing the viscosity of heavy oil according to the present invention, the effect of reducing the viscosity of the heavy oil can be maintained for a long time.
　＜本発明に係る重質油用低粘度化剤＞
　本発明の一実施形態に係る重質油用低粘度化剤は、下記式（１） <Low viscosity agent for heavy oil according to the present invention>
The heavy oil viscosity reducing agent according to one embodiment of the present invention is represented by the following formula (1):
Figure JPOXMLDOC01-appb-C000006
Figure JPOXMLDOC01-appb-C000006
（式中、Ｒ１は炭素数６から２０のアリール基であり、Ｒ２は水素原子又は炭素数１から３のアルキル基であり、Ｒ３は炭素数２から４の分枝または直鎖のアルキレン基であり、Ｒ４はＣＨ２ＣＯＯ基、ＳＯ３基、ＣＨ２ＣＨ２ＳＯ３基、ＣＨ２ＣＨ２ＣＨ２ＳＯ３基、ＣＨ２ＣＨ２ＣＨ２ＣＨ２ＳＯ３基、又は、ＰＯ３基であり、Ｍはアンモニウム、アルカノールアミン、アルキルアミン又はアルカリ金属であり、ａは１から３の整数であり、ａが２又は３のとき、複数あるＲ１のそれぞれは同一でも異なっていてもよく、ｂは０から１００の整数である）で表される化合物を含むものである。 (Wherein R 1 is an aryl group having 6 to 20 carbon atoms, R 2 is a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group having 1 to 3 carbon atoms, and R 3 is a branched or straight chain having 2 to 4 carbon atoms. An alkylene group, and R 4 is a CH 2 COO group, SO 3 group, CH 2 CH 2 SO 3 group, CH 2 CH 2 CH 2 SO 3 group, CH 2 CH 2 CH 2 CH 2 SO 3 group, or PO Three groups, M is ammonium, alkanolamine, alkylamine or alkali metal, a is an integer of 1 to 3, and when a is 2 or 3, each of a plurality of R 1 may be the same or different. And b is an integer of 0 to 100).
　上記Ｒ１の例としては、－Ｃ－Ｃ－Ｃ－Ｐｈ－Ｃ、－Ｃ－Ｃ－Ｃ－Ｐｈ、－Ｐｈ及び－Ｐｈ－Ｐｈ等が挙げられる（なお、Ｐｈはベンゼン環を示すとともに、これらの構造式において、水素原子は省略する）。 Examples of R 1 include —C—C—C—Ph—C, —C—C—C—Ph, —Ph, and —Ph—Ph (Ph represents a benzene ring, and In these structural formulas, hydrogen atoms are omitted).
　上記Ｒ２の例としては、水素原子、メチル基、エチル基及びプロピル基等が挙げられる。 Examples of R 2 include a hydrogen atom, a methyl group, an ethyl group, and a propyl group.
　上記Ｒ３の例としては、エチレン、プロピレン及びブチレン等の分枝又は直鎖のアルキレン等が挙げられる。 Examples of R 3 include branched or straight-chain alkylene such as ethylene, propylene and butylene.
　さらに上記（１）中、Ｒ４はＣＨ２ＣＯＯ基、ＳＯ３基、ＣＨ２ＣＨ２ＳＯ３基、ＣＨ２ＣＨ２ＣＨ２ＳＯ３基、ＣＨ２ＣＨ２ＣＨ２ＣＨ２ＳＯ３基、又はＰＯ３基である。 Further, in the above (1), R 4 is a CH 2 COO group, SO 3 group, CH 2 CH 2 SO 3 group, CH 2 CH 2 CH 2 SO 3 group, CH 2 CH 2 CH 2 CH 2 SO 3 group, or PO 3 group.
　上記アンモニウム、アルカノールアミン及びアルキルアミンの例としては、下記式（２）で示されるもの等が挙げられる。
　Ｒ５Ｒ６Ｒ７Ｎ　（２）
（式中、Ｒ５、Ｒ６及びＲ７は、互いにあるいはそれぞれ独立して、水素、炭素数１から８の直鎖状もしくは分枝状のアルキル基、または炭素数２から４の直鎖状もしくは分枝状のヒドロキシアルキル基、である。） Examples of the ammonium, alkanolamine and alkylamine include those represented by the following formula (2).
R 5 R 6 R 7 N (2)
(Wherein R 5 , R 6 and R 7 are each independently or independently of each other, hydrogen, a linear or branched alkyl group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms, or a straight chain having 2 to 4 carbon atoms. Or a branched hydroxyalkyl group.)
　上記アルカノールアミンの例としては、モノエタノールアミン、ジエタノールアミン及びトリエタノールアミン等が挙げられる。 Examples of the alkanolamine include monoethanolamine, diethanolamine, and triethanolamine.
　上記アルキルアミンの例としては、モノエチルアミン、ジエチルアミン及びトリエチルアミン等が挙げられる。 Examples of the alkylamine include monoethylamine, diethylamine and triethylamine.
　上記アルカリ金属の例としては、Ｌｉ、Ｎａ及びＫ等が挙げられる。 Examples of the alkali metal include Li, Na and K.
　上記式（１）で表される化合物としては、例えば、ポリオキシエチレン多環フェニルエーテル硫酸エステルトリエタノールアミン塩等の、ポリオキシアルキレン多環フェニルエーテル硫酸エステルアルカノールアミン塩及びポリオキシエチレン多環フェニルエーテルリン酸エステルトリエタノールアミン塩等の、ポリオキシアルキレン多環フェニルエーテルリン酸エステルアルカノールアミン塩等が挙げられる。 Examples of the compound represented by the above formula (1) include polyoxyalkylene polycyclic phenyl ether sulfate triethanolamine salts, polyoxyalkylene polycyclic phenyl ether sulfate alkanolamine salts, and polyoxyethylene polycyclic phenyl. And polyoxyalkylene polycyclic phenyl ether phosphate alkanolamine salts such as ether phosphate triethanolamine salts.
　上記多環フェニルの例としては、スチレン化フェニル、スチレン化クレジル及びクミルフェニル等が挙げられる。 Examples of the polycyclic phenyl include styrenated phenyl, styrenated cresyl and cumylphenyl.
　また、本発明の一実施形態に係る重質油用低粘度化剤は、上記式（１）で表される化合物のホルマリン縮合物（例えばビスフェノールＦ誘導体等）であってもよい。 The heavy oil viscosity reducing agent according to an embodiment of the present invention may be a formalin condensate (for example, a bisphenol F derivative) of the compound represented by the above formula (1).
　（添加剤）
　本発明の一実施形態に係る重質油用低粘度化剤は、上記式（１）で表される化合物に加えて、添加剤を含んでいてもよい。添加剤として、例えば、重質油を希釈するための希釈剤、消泡剤（シリコン系、アルコール系）及び乳化補助剤等が挙げられる。 (Additive)
The heavy oil viscosity reducing agent according to one embodiment of the present invention may contain an additive in addition to the compound represented by the above formula (1). Examples of the additive include a diluent for diluting heavy oil, an antifoaming agent (silicon-based, alcohol-based), and an emulsifying aid.
　上記希釈剤として、具体的には、重質油を希釈可能な水、軽質油及びアルコール等が挙げられる。中でも安価であり容易に入手可能なことから、希釈剤は水であることが好ましい。希釈剤は、本発明の一実施形態に係る重質油用低粘度化剤中に、１種又は２種以上含まれていてもよい。 Specific examples of the diluent include water capable of diluting heavy oil, light oil and alcohol. Among them, the diluent is preferably water because it is inexpensive and easily available. One or more diluents may be contained in the heavy oil viscosity reducing agent according to an embodiment of the present invention.
　本発明の一実施形態に係る重質油用低粘度化剤が希釈剤を含む場合、重質油用低粘度化剤全量に占める希釈剤の含有量は特に限定されないが、重質油全体に対して１０重量％以上が好ましく、１５重量％以上がより好ましい。また、４０重量％以下が好ましく、３０重量％以下がより好ましく、２０重量％以下がさらに好ましい。また、この好ましい濃度まで希釈せずとも、上記式（１）の化合物をより高い濃度にしておいて、使用する際に好ましい量に希釈して用いてもよい。 When the heavy oil viscosity reducing agent according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a diluent, the content of the diluent in the total weight of the heavy oil viscosity reducing agent is not particularly limited, On the other hand, 10 weight% or more is preferable and 15 weight% or more is more preferable. Moreover, 40 weight% or less is preferable, 30 weight% or less is more preferable, and 20 weight% or less is further more preferable. Further, without diluting to this preferred concentration, the compound of the above formula (1) may be used at a higher concentration and diluted to a preferred amount when used.
　本発明の一実施形態に係る重質油用低粘度化剤を用いれば、重質油を容易にかつ速やかに乳化させることができる。 If the viscosity reducing agent for heavy oil according to one embodiment of the present invention is used, the heavy oil can be easily and rapidly emulsified.
　〔重質油〕
　本発明の一実施形態において対象となる重質油は、一般的に、油相温度で測定したときの粘度が１万ｃＰを超えればビチューメン、粘度が１万ｃＰ以下であれば原油として分類される。また、原油は、ＡＰＩ比重によってさらに分類され、２０°超ＡＰＩのものは中軽質油に区分される。本明細書において、重質油とは、上述したビチューメン及び原油のうち２０°ＡＰＩ以下のものを含む。 [Heavy oil]
The heavy oils that are the subject of one embodiment of the present invention are generally classified as bitumen if the viscosity measured at the oil phase temperature exceeds 10,000 cP, and as crude if the viscosity is 10,000 cP or less. The In addition, crude oil is further classified according to API specific gravity, and those exceeding 20 ° API are classified as medium light oil. In the present specification, the heavy oil includes the bitumen and the crude oil described above that are 20 ° API or less.
　〔重質油の低粘度化方法〕
　本発明の一実施形態に係る重質油の低粘度化方法は、本発明の一実施形態に係る重質油用低粘度化剤と、重質油と、当該重質油を希釈するための上述した希釈剤と、を混合する混合工程を含む。 [Method of reducing the viscosity of heavy oil]
A method for reducing the viscosity of a heavy oil according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a heavy oil reducing agent for heavy oil according to an embodiment of the present invention, a heavy oil, and a method for diluting the heavy oil. A mixing step of mixing the diluent described above.
　（混合工程）
　混合工程では、本発明の一実施形態に係る重質油用低粘度化剤と、重質油と、当該重質油を希釈するための上述した希釈剤と、を混合すればよい。 (Mixing process)
In the mixing step, the heavy oil viscosity reducing agent according to one embodiment of the present invention, the heavy oil, and the above-described diluent for diluting the heavy oil may be mixed.
　混合工程における混合方法は、特に限定されるものではなく、例えば、重質油が分散媒及び分散質のいずれとなる場合でも、他方の分散質又は分散媒と重質油と上記式（１）で表される化合物と、を容器等の中で撹拌して混合すればよい。 The mixing method in the mixing step is not particularly limited. For example, when the heavy oil is either the dispersion medium or the dispersoid, the other dispersoid or dispersion medium and the heavy oil and the above formula (1) are used. And the compound represented by the above may be stirred and mixed in a container or the like.
　上記混合工程において、用いる重質油用低粘度化剤の量は、目的とする重質油の粘度等に応じて適宜設定すればよいが、重質油全体に対して０．１重量％以上が好ましく、０．２重量％以上がより好ましい。また、１０重量％以下が好ましく、５重量％以下がより好ましい。 In the mixing step, the amount of the thickening agent for heavy oil to be used may be appropriately set according to the viscosity of the intended heavy oil, but is 0.1% by weight or more based on the entire heavy oil. Is preferable, and 0.2% by weight or more is more preferable. Moreover, 10 weight% or less is preferable and 5 weight% or less is more preferable.
　上記混合工程において、用いる希釈剤の量は、目的とする重質油の粘度等に応じて適宜設定すればよいが、重質油全体に対して１０重量％以上が好ましく、１５重量％以上がより好ましい。また、４０重量％以下が好ましく、３０重量％以下がより好ましく、２０重量％以下がさらに好ましい。１０重量％以上であれば、十分に粘度を低くすることができ、また容易に乳化させることができる。さらに４０重量％以下という少量にすることで、例えば低粘度化された重質油を例えばパイプラインを通して回収するときに、パイプラインを錆びさせ難くすることができる。 In the mixing step, the amount of the diluent to be used may be appropriately set according to the viscosity of the intended heavy oil, but is preferably 10% by weight or more, and 15% by weight or more based on the whole heavy oil. More preferred. Moreover, 40 weight% or less is preferable, 30 weight% or less is more preferable, and 20 weight% or less is further more preferable. If it is 10 weight% or more, a viscosity can be made low enough and it can emulsify easily. Further, by making the amount as small as 40% by weight or less, it is possible to make the pipeline difficult to rust when, for example, the heavy oil whose viscosity has been reduced is recovered through the pipeline, for example.
　上記混合工程において、混合するときの温度は０℃以上、１００℃以下であることが好ましい。この範囲の温度であれば、重質油を効率よく乳化させることができる。 In the mixing step, the mixing temperature is preferably 0 ° C. or higher and 100 ° C. or lower. If it is the temperature of this range, heavy oil can be emulsified efficiently.
　なお、上記混合工程では、本発明の一実施形態に係る重質油用低粘度化剤を用いているため、重質油を容易にかつ速やかに乳化させることができる。 In the mixing step, since the heavy oil viscosity reducing agent according to an embodiment of the present invention is used, the heavy oil can be easily and rapidly emulsified.
　上記混合工程において、混合は、従来公知の混合装置等を用いて行えばよく、特にせん断力の高いホモミキサー及びホモジナイザー等の装置等は必要としない。 In the above mixing step, mixing may be performed using a conventionally known mixing device or the like, and devices such as a homomixer and a homogenizer having a particularly high shearing force are not required.
　本発明の一実施形態に係る重質油の低粘度化方法において、上記混合工程によって得られる乳化された重質油の粘度は、５０００ｃＰ以下が好ましく、１０００ｃＰ以下がより好ましい。当該粘度が５０００ｃＰ以下となれば、乳化された重質油の粘度は十分に低いため、例えばその後の重質油の回収工程において、重質油を回収しやすくなる。 In the method for reducing the viscosity of heavy oil according to an embodiment of the present invention, the viscosity of the emulsified heavy oil obtained by the mixing step is preferably 5000 cP or less, and more preferably 1000 cP or less. If the viscosity is 5000 cP or less, the viscosity of the emulsified heavy oil is sufficiently low. For example, in the subsequent heavy oil recovery step, it becomes easy to recover the heavy oil.
　さらに、上記混合工程では、特に限定されるものではないが、ｐＨは８以上、１０以下が好ましい。 Furthermore, in the mixing step, although not particularly limited, the pH is preferably 8 or more and 10 or less.
　＜本発明に係る重質油の回収方法＞
　本発明の一実施形態に係る重質油の回収方法は、本発明の一実施形態に係る重質油用低粘度化剤を用いるものであり、具体的には、調製工程と、注入工程と、回収工程と、を含むものである。以下、各工程について説明する。 <Heavy oil recovery method according to the present invention>
The heavy oil recovery method according to one embodiment of the present invention uses the heavy oil low viscosity agent according to one embodiment of the present invention. Specifically, the preparation step, the injection step, And a recovery step. Hereinafter, each step will be described.
　（調製工程）
　本工程では、上記式（１）で表される化合物と、上述した重質油を希釈するための希釈剤と、を混合することで、本発明の一実施形態に係る重質油用低粘度化剤を調製する。 (Preparation process)
In this step, the low viscosity for heavy oil according to an embodiment of the present invention is obtained by mixing the compound represented by the above formula (1) and the diluent for diluting the heavy oil described above. An agent is prepared.
　（注入工程）
　本工程では、本発明の一実施形態に係る重質油用低粘度化剤を、重質油を含む地層あるいは露天掘りにより得られたオイルサンドに注入する。当該地層として、例えば、地下の地層が挙げられる。 (Injection process)
In this step, the heavy oil viscosity reducing agent according to an embodiment of the present invention is injected into a formation containing heavy oil or oil sand obtained by open pit mining. An example of the strata is an underground stratum.
　本工程において、本発明の一実施形態に係る重質油の低粘度化剤の注入方法、注入速度等は特に限定されず、地層の種類、注入時の環境等に応じて適宜設定すればよい。例えば低粘度化剤のみを地層に注入する方法、あるいは低粘度化剤と水蒸気攻法を組み合わせた方法であって、低粘度化剤を先に注入した後に水蒸気を圧入する方法、水蒸気を圧入した後に低粘度化剤を注入する方法、低粘度化剤と水蒸気を同時に圧入する方法、あるいはCSS法と組み合わせた方法であって、低粘度化剤を先に注入した後に水蒸気を圧入する方法、水蒸気を圧入した後に低粘度化剤を注入する方法、低粘度化剤と水蒸気を同時に圧入する方法、あるいはSAGD法と組み合わせた方法であって、低粘度化剤を先に注入した後に水蒸気を圧入する方法、水蒸気を圧入した後に低粘度化剤を注入する方法、低粘度化剤と水蒸気を同時に圧入する方法、などがある。 In this step, the injection method, injection rate, etc. of the heavy oil low viscosity agent according to one embodiment of the present invention are not particularly limited, and may be set as appropriate according to the type of formation, the environment at the time of injection, etc. . For example, a method of injecting only the low viscosity agent into the formation, or a method of combining the low viscosity agent and the steam attack method, injecting the water vapor after injecting the low viscosity agent first, injecting the water vapor A method of injecting a low viscosity agent later, a method of simultaneously injecting a low viscosity agent and water vapor, or a method combined with a CSS method, in which water vapor is injected after injecting the low viscosity agent first, water vapor A method of injecting a low-viscosity agent after injecting, a method of injecting a low-viscosity agent and water vapor at the same time, or a method in combination with the SAGD method, injecting water vapor after injecting the low viscosity agent first There are a method, a method of injecting a low viscosity agent after injecting water vapor, a method of injecting a low viscosity agent and water vapor simultaneously, and the like.
　また、露天掘りにより採掘したオイルサンドから重質油を回収する方法において、上記低粘度化剤のみ、あるいは上記低粘度化剤及び温水、あるいは上記低粘度化剤及び水蒸気を注入する方法もある。 Also, in a method of recovering heavy oil from oil sands mined by open pit mining, there is a method of injecting only the low viscosity agent, or the low viscosity agent and warm water, or the low viscosity agent and water vapor.
　（回収工程）
　本工程では、低粘度化された重質油を回収する。本工程において、回収方法は特に限定されず、重質油及び地層の種類等に応じて適宜設定すればよい。例えば低粘度化剤のみを地層に注入して低粘度化した重質油を回収する工程、低粘度化剤と水蒸気攻法を組み合わせた方法であって、低粘度化剤を先に注入した後に水蒸気を圧入して低粘度化した重質油を回収する方法、水蒸気を圧入した後に低粘度化剤を注入して低粘度化した重質油を回収する方法、低粘度化剤と水蒸気を同時に圧入して低粘度化した重質油を回収する方法、あるいはCSS法と組み合わせた方法であって、低粘度化剤を先に注入した後に水蒸気を圧入して低粘度化した重質油を回収する方法、水蒸気を圧入した後に低粘度化剤を注入して低粘度化した重質油を回収する方法、低粘度化剤と水蒸気を同時に圧入して低粘度化した重質油を回収する方法、あるいはSAGD法と組み合わせた方法であって、低粘度化剤を先に注入した後に水蒸気を圧入して低粘度化した重質油を回収する方法、水蒸気を圧入した後に低粘度化剤を注入して低粘度化した重質油を回収する方法、低粘度化剤と水蒸気を同時に圧入して低粘度化した重質油を回収する方法などがあげられる。 (Recovery process)
In this step, the heavy oil whose viscosity has been reduced is recovered. In this step, the recovery method is not particularly limited, and may be set as appropriate according to the type of heavy oil and formation. For example, a process of recovering heavy oil whose viscosity has been reduced by injecting only the low viscosity agent into the formation, a method combining the low viscosity agent and the steam attack method, after the low viscosity agent has been injected first A method of recovering heavy oil whose viscosity has been reduced by injecting water vapor, a method of recovering heavy oil whose viscosity has been reduced by injecting a low viscosity agent after injecting water vapor, A method of recovering heavy oil that has been reduced in pressure by pressing, or a method that is combined with the CSS method, and that recovers heavy oil that has been reduced in viscosity by injecting steam after injecting the viscosity-increasing agent first. A method of recovering heavy oil whose viscosity has been reduced by injecting a low viscosity agent after injecting water vapor, a method of recovering heavy oil having a low viscosity by simultaneously injecting a low viscosity agent and water vapor Or in combination with the SAGD method, after first injecting a low viscosity agent A method of recovering heavy oil whose viscosity has been reduced by injecting water vapor into it, a method of recovering heavy oil whose viscosity has been reduced by injecting a low viscosity agent after injecting water vapor, For example, a method of recovering heavy oil whose pressure has been reduced by press-fitting at the same time can be mentioned.
　また、露天掘りにより採掘したオイルサンドから重質油を回収する方法において、上記低粘度化剤のみ、あるいは上記低粘度化剤及び温水、あるいは上記低粘度化剤及び水蒸気を注入して低粘度化した重質油を回収する方法もある。 Further, in the method of recovering heavy oil from oil sands mined by open pit mining, the viscosity was lowered by injecting only the above-mentioned viscosity reducing agent, or the above viscosity reducing agent and warm water, or the viscosity reducing agent and water vapor. There is also a method for recovering heavy oil.
　本発明の一実施形態に係る重質油の回収方法によれば、重質油の低粘度化状態が長時間にわたって安定して維持されるため、重質油の回収を効率よく行うことができる。 According to the method for recovering heavy oil according to one embodiment of the present invention, the reduced viscosity state of heavy oil is stably maintained over a long period of time, so that heavy oil can be recovered efficiently. .
　なお、本発明の一実施形態に係る重質油用低粘度化剤は、重質油の地層からの回収のみならず、例えば露天掘りの際に採取したオイルサンドから重質油を抽出する場合になどにも適用可能と考えられ、重質油の回収、抽出、運搬などの多くのプロセスで幅広く適用できる。 The heavy oil viscosity reducing agent according to an embodiment of the present invention is not only for recovering heavy oil from the formation, but also for extracting heavy oil from, for example, oil sand collected during open pit mining. It can be applied to various processes such as heavy oil recovery, extraction and transportation.
　したがって例えば、本発明の一実施形態に係る重質油用低粘度化剤は、オイルサンドからの重質油の回収方法にも適用できる。このとき、当該オイルサンドからの重質油の回収方法は、上記式（１）で表される化合物と、重質油を希釈するための希釈剤と、を混合して重質油用低粘度化剤を調製する調製工程と、重質油用低粘度化剤を、重質油を含むオイルサンドと接触させるために混合器内に注入する注入工程と、低粘度化された重質油を回収する回収工程と、を含んでいてもよい。 Therefore, for example, the heavy oil viscosity reducing agent according to an embodiment of the present invention can be applied to a method for recovering heavy oil from oil sand. At this time, the heavy oil is recovered from the oil sand by mixing the compound represented by the above formula (1) with a diluent for diluting the heavy oil to reduce the viscosity for heavy oil. A preparation step for preparing the agent, an injection step for injecting the heavy oil low-viscosity agent into the mixer in order to contact the oil sand containing the heavy oil, and a low-viscosity heavy oil A recovery step for recovery.
　（まとめ）
　本実施形態に係る重質油用低粘度化剤は、下記式（１） (Summary)
The heavy oil viscosity reducing agent according to this embodiment is represented by the following formula (1)
Figure JPOXMLDOC01-appb-C000007
Figure JPOXMLDOC01-appb-C000007
（式中、Ｒ１は炭素数６から２０のアリール基であり、Ｒ２は水素原子又は炭素数１から３のアルキル基であり、Ｒ３は炭素数２から４の分枝または直鎖のアルキレン基であり、Ｒ４はＣＨ２ＣＯＯ基、ＳＯ３基、ＣＨ２ＣＨ２ＳＯ３基、ＣＨ２ＣＨ２ＣＨ２ＳＯ３基、ＣＨ２ＣＨ２ＣＨ２ＣＨ２ＳＯ３基、又は、ＰＯ３基であり、Ｍはアンモニウム、アルカノールアミン、アルキルアミン又はアルカリ金属であり、ａは１から３の整数であり、ａが２又は３のとき、複数あるＲ１のそれぞれは同一でも異なっていてもよく、ｂは０から１００の整数である。）、で表される化合物を含むものである。 (Wherein R 1 is an aryl group having 6 to 20 carbon atoms, R 2 is a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group having 1 to 3 carbon atoms, and R 3 is a branched or straight chain having 2 to 4 carbon atoms. An alkylene group, and R 4 is a CH 2 COO group, SO 3 group, CH 2 CH 2 SO 3 group, CH 2 CH 2 CH 2 SO 3 group, CH 2 CH 2 CH 2 CH 2 SO 3 group, or PO Three groups, M is ammonium, alkanolamine, alkylamine or alkali metal, a is an integer of 1 to 3, and when a is 2 or 3, each of a plurality of R 1 may be the same or different. And b is an integer of 0 to 100)).
　また、本実施形態に係る重質油用低粘度化剤は、重質油を希釈する希釈剤を含むことが好ましく、前記希釈剤は水であることが好ましい。 Further, the heavy oil viscosity reducing agent according to the present embodiment preferably includes a diluent for diluting the heavy oil, and the diluent is preferably water.
　また、本実施形態に係る重質油の低粘度化方法は、上記式（１）で表される化合物を含む重質油用低粘度化剤と、重質油と、当該重質油を希釈するための希釈剤とを混合する混合工程を含むものである。 Moreover, the method for reducing the viscosity of heavy oil according to the present embodiment includes a heavy oil reducing agent containing the compound represented by the above formula (1), heavy oil, and diluting the heavy oil. A mixing step of mixing with a diluent for the purpose.
　また、本実施形態に係る重質油の回収方法は、上記式（１）で表される化合物と、重質油を希釈するための希釈剤と、を混合して重質油用低粘度化剤を調製する調製工程と、当該重質油用低粘度化剤を、重質油を含む地層に注入する注入工程と、低粘度化された重質油を回収する回収工程と、を含むものである。 Moreover, the heavy oil recovery method according to the present embodiment is a method for reducing the viscosity of heavy oil by mixing the compound represented by the above formula (1) and a diluent for diluting the heavy oil. A preparation step for preparing the agent, an injection step for injecting the heavy oil lowering agent into the formation containing the heavy oil, and a recovery step for recovering the reduced heavy oil. .
　また、本実施形態に係る重質油の回収方法は、オイルサンドからの重質油の回収方法であって、上記式（１）で表される化合物と、重質油を希釈するための希釈剤と、を混合して重質油用低粘度化剤を調製する調製工程と、前記重質油用低粘度化剤を、重質油を含むオイルサンドと接触させるため混合器内に注入する注入工程と、低粘度化された重質油を回収する回収工程と、を含むものである。 Moreover, the heavy oil recovery method according to the present embodiment is a method for recovering heavy oil from oil sand, and is a dilution for diluting the heavy oil and the compound represented by the above formula (1). And a preparation step for preparing a heavy oil lowering agent by mixing with an agent, and injecting the heavy oil lowering agent into a mixer for contact with an oil sand containing heavy oil An injection process and a recovery process for recovering the heavy oil whose viscosity has been reduced.
　以下、実施例により本発明をさらに具体的に説明する。なお、本発明はこれらに限定されるものではない。 Hereinafter, the present invention will be described more specifically with reference to examples. The present invention is not limited to these.
　〔重質油の易乳化〕
　表１に示すＡ～Ｆの乳化剤のそれぞれについての乳化性及び経時安定性について調べるため、以下の実験を行った。なお、以下において、ＰＯＥは、ポリオキシエチレンを表すものとする。 [Easy emulsification of heavy oil]
In order to investigate the emulsifiability and stability over time for each of the emulsifiers A to F shown in Table 1, the following experiment was conducted. In the following, POE represents polyoxyethylene.
Figure JPOXMLDOC01-appb-T000008
Figure JPOXMLDOC01-appb-T000008
　［乳化工程］
　表１における各乳化剤について、次の処理を行った。 [Emulsification process]
Each emulsifier in Table 1 was subjected to the following treatment.
　１００ｍＬのデスカップに、７０℃湯浴にて加熱したビチューメン、硬水、及び表１に示す乳化剤を加えた。次に、スリーワンモータ（３００ｒｐｍ、プロペラ型撹拌翼）を使用して、常温（２５℃）において、デスカップ中の各原料を５分間撹拌した。ビチューメン、硬水、及び各乳化剤の基本処方及び実施処方は表２に示す通りである。 Bitumen heated in a 70 ° C. water bath, hard water, and emulsifiers shown in Table 1 were added to a 100 mL death cup. Next, using a three-one motor (300 rpm, propeller-type stirring blade), each raw material in the death cup was stirred for 5 minutes at room temperature (25 ° C.). Table 2 shows the basic and practical formulations of bitumen, hard water, and each emulsifier.
Figure JPOXMLDOC01-appb-T000009
Figure JPOXMLDOC01-appb-T000009
　〔乳化性の評価〕
　上述した撹拌後の混合物の乳化性について、ビチューメンと硬水が均一に低粘度化した状態であれば乳化性を「〇」、ビチューメンと硬水が不均一に低粘度化した状態であれば乳化性を「△」、ビチューメンと硬水が不均一で高粘度な状態であれば乳化性を「×」として評価した。その結果を表１に示す。 (Emulsification evaluation)
As for the emulsifiability of the mixture after stirring, the emulsifiability is “◯” if the bitumen and hard water are uniformly reduced in viscosity, and the emulsifiability is obtained if the bitumen and hard water are unevenly reduced in viscosity. If “Δ”, bitumen and hard water were non-uniform and highly viscous, the emulsifiability was evaluated as “x”. The results are shown in Table 1.
　〔経時安定性の評価〕
　上述した撹拌後の混合物を６０℃にて３０日間放置し、混合物の経時安定性を観察した。その結果を表１に示す。 [Evaluation of stability over time]
The mixture after stirring was allowed to stand at 60 ° C. for 30 days, and the stability over time of the mixture was observed. The results are shown in Table 1.
　〔所見〕
　表１に示す結果より、ノニオン及びＰＯＥアルキルエーテル類と比較して、本発明に係る式（１）で表される化合物の一種であるＰＯＥ多環フェニルエーテル硫酸エステルアンモニウム塩及びトリエタノールアミン塩が、より経時安定性に優れることがわかった。 [Findings]
From the results shown in Table 1, compared to nonions and POE alkyl ethers, POE polycyclic phenyl ether sulfate ammonium salt and triethanolamine salt, which are a kind of the compound represented by the formula (1) according to the present invention, are obtained. It was found that the stability over time was more excellent.
　また、上述したように、スリーワンモータの条件を、通常は重質油を乳化させ難い回転数（３００ｒｐｍ）に設定しても、本発明に係る式（１）で表される化合物の一種であるＰＯＥ多環フェニルエーテル硫酸エステルアンモニウム塩及びトリエタノールアミン塩を用いることで、重質油を容易にかつ速やかに乳化できることがわかった。 In addition, as described above, even if the condition of the three-one motor is set to a rotational speed (300 rpm) that normally makes it difficult to emulsify heavy oil, it is a kind of compound represented by the formula (1) according to the present invention. It was found that heavy oil can be emulsified easily and quickly by using POE polycyclic phenyl ether sulfate ammonium salt and triethanolamine salt.

Claims (6)

  1. 　下記式（１）
    Figure JPOXMLDOC01-appb-C000001
     （式中、Ｒ１は炭素数６から２０のアリール基であり、
    Ｒ２は水素原子又は炭素数１から３のアルキル基であり、
    Ｒ３は炭素数２から４の分枝または直鎖のアルキレン基であり、
    Ｒ４はＣＨ２ＣＯＯ基、ＳＯ３基、ＣＨ２ＣＨ２ＳＯ３基、ＣＨ２ＣＨ２ＣＨ２ＳＯ３基、ＣＨ２ＣＨ２ＣＨ２ＣＨ２ＳＯ３基、又は、ＰＯ３基であり、
    Ｍはアンモニウム、アルカノールアミン、アルキルアミン又はアルカリ金属であり、
    ａは１から３の整数であり、ａが２又は３のとき、複数あるＲ１のそれぞれは同一でも異なっていてもよく、
    ｂは０から１００の整数である。）、
    で表される化合物を含む重質油用低粘度化剤。     Following formula (1)
    Figure JPOXMLDOC01-appb-C000001
     (Wherein R 1 is an aryl group having 6 to 20 carbon atoms,
    R 2 is a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group having 1 to 3 carbon atoms,
    R 3 is a branched or straight chain alkylene group having 2 to 4 carbon atoms,
    R 4 is a CH 2 COO group, a SO 3 group, a CH 2 CH 2 SO 3 group, a CH 2 CH 2 CH 2 SO 3 group, a CH 2 CH 2 CH 2 CH 2 SO 3 group, or a PO 3 group,
    M is ammonium, alkanolamine, alkylamine or alkali metal;
    a is an integer of 1 to 3, and when a is 2 or 3, each of a plurality of R 1 may be the same or different,
    b is an integer of 0 to 100. ),
    A viscosity reducing agent for heavy oils comprising a compound represented by:
  2. 　重質油を希釈する希釈剤を含む、請求項１に記載の重質油用低粘度化剤。 The viscosity reducing agent for heavy oil according to claim 1, comprising a diluent for diluting heavy oil.
  3. 　前記希釈剤が水である、請求項２に記載の重質油用低粘度化剤。 The heavy oil viscosity reducing agent according to claim 2, wherein the diluent is water.
  4. 　下記式（１）
    Figure JPOXMLDOC01-appb-C000002
     （式中、Ｒ１は炭素数６から２０のアリール基であり、
    Ｒ２は水素原子又は炭素数１から３のアルキル基であり、
    Ｒ３は炭素数２から４の分枝または直鎖のアルキレン基であり、
    Ｒ４はＣＨ２ＣＯＯ基、ＳＯ３基、ＣＨ２ＣＨ２ＳＯ３基、ＣＨ２ＣＨ２ＣＨ２ＳＯ３基、ＣＨ２ＣＨ２ＣＨ２ＣＨ２ＳＯ３基、又は、ＰＯ３基であり、
    Ｍはアンモニウム、アルカノールアミン、アルキルアミン又はアルカリ金属であり、
    ａは１から３の整数であり、ａが２又は３のとき、複数あるＲ１のそれぞれは同一でも異なっていてもよく、
    ｂは０から１００の整数である。）、
    で表される化合物を含む重質油用低粘度化剤と、重質油と、当該重質油を希釈するための希釈剤とを混合する混合工程を含む、重質油の低粘度化方法。     Following formula (1)
    Figure JPOXMLDOC01-appb-C000002
     (Wherein R 1 is an aryl group having 6 to 20 carbon atoms,
    R 2 is a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group having 1 to 3 carbon atoms,
    R 3 is a branched or straight chain alkylene group having 2 to 4 carbon atoms,
    R 4 is a CH 2 COO group, a SO 3 group, a CH 2 CH 2 SO 3 group, a CH 2 CH 2 CH 2 SO 3 group, a CH 2 CH 2 CH 2 CH 2 SO 3 group, or a PO 3 group,
    M is ammonium, alkanolamine, alkylamine or alkali metal;
    a is an integer of 1 to 3, and when a is 2 or 3, each of a plurality of R 1 may be the same or different,
    b is an integer of 0 to 100. ),
    A method for reducing the viscosity of heavy oil, comprising a mixing step of mixing a thickening agent for heavy oil containing the compound represented by formula (1), a heavy oil, and a diluent for diluting the heavy oil. .
  5. 　地層中に含まれる重質油の回収方法であって、
    　下記式（１）
    Figure JPOXMLDOC01-appb-C000003
     （式中、Ｒ１は炭素数６から２０のアリール基であり、
    Ｒ２は水素原子又は炭素数１から３のアルキル基であり、
    Ｒ３は炭素数２から４の分枝または直鎖のアルキレン基であり、
    Ｒ４はＣＨ２ＣＯＯ基、ＳＯ３基、ＣＨ２ＣＨ２ＳＯ３基、ＣＨ２ＣＨ２ＣＨ２ＳＯ３基、ＣＨ２ＣＨ２ＣＨ２ＣＨ２ＳＯ３基、又は、ＰＯ３基であり、
    Ｍはアンモニウム、アルカノールアミン、アルキルアミン又はアルカリ金属であり、
    ａは１から３の整数であり、ａが２又は３のとき、複数あるＲ１のそれぞれは同一でも異なっていてもよく、
    ｂは０から１００の整数である。）、
    で表される化合物と、重質油を希釈するための希釈剤と、を混合して重質油用低粘度化剤を調製する調製工程と、
    　前記重質油用低粘度化剤を、重質油を含む地層に注入する注入工程と、
    　低粘度化された重質油を回収する回収工程と、を含む、重質油の回収方法。     A method for recovering heavy oil contained in a formation,
    Following formula (1)
    Figure JPOXMLDOC01-appb-C000003
     (Wherein R 1 is an aryl group having 6 to 20 carbon atoms,
    R 2 is a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group having 1 to 3 carbon atoms,
    R 3 is a branched or straight chain alkylene group having 2 to 4 carbon atoms,
    R 4 is a CH 2 COO group, a SO 3 group, a CH 2 CH 2 SO 3 group, a CH 2 CH 2 CH 2 SO 3 group, a CH 2 CH 2 CH 2 CH 2 SO 3 group, or a PO 3 group,
    M is ammonium, alkanolamine, alkylamine or alkali metal;
    a is an integer of 1 to 3, and when a is 2 or 3, each of a plurality of R 1 may be the same or different,
    b is an integer of 0 to 100. ),
    A preparation step for preparing a heavy oil low viscosity agent by mixing a compound represented by the formula: and a diluent for diluting heavy oil;
    An injection step of injecting the heavy oil lowering agent into a formation containing heavy oil,
    And a recovery step of recovering the heavy oil whose viscosity has been reduced.
  6. 　オイルサンドからの重質油の回収方法であって、
    　下記式（１）
    Figure JPOXMLDOC01-appb-C000004
     （式中、Ｒ１は炭素数６から２０のアリール基であり、
    Ｒ２は水素原子又は炭素数１から３のアルキル基であり、
    Ｒ３は炭素数２から４の分枝または直鎖のアルキレン基であり、
    Ｒ４はＣＨ２ＣＯＯ基、ＳＯ３基、ＣＨ２ＣＨ２ＳＯ３基、ＣＨ２ＣＨ２ＣＨ２ＳＯ３基、ＣＨ２ＣＨ２ＣＨ２ＣＨ２ＳＯ３基、又は、ＰＯ３基であり、
    Ｍはアンモニウム、アルカノールアミン、アルキルアミン又はアルカリ金属であり、
    ａは１から３の整数であり、ａが２又は３のとき、複数あるＲ１のそれぞれは同一でも異なっていてもよく、
    ｂは０から１００の整数である。）、
    で表される化合物と、重質油を希釈するための希釈剤と、を混合して重質油用低粘度化剤を調製する調製工程と、
    　前記重質油用低粘度化剤を、重質油を含むオイルサンドと接触させるため混合器内に注入する注入工程と、
    　低粘度化された重質油を回収する回収工程と、を含む、重質油の回収方法。     A method for recovering heavy oil from oil sands,
    Following formula (1)
    Figure JPOXMLDOC01-appb-C000004
     (Wherein R 1 is an aryl group having 6 to 20 carbon atoms,
    R 2 is a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group having 1 to 3 carbon atoms,
    R 3 is a branched or straight chain alkylene group having 2 to 4 carbon atoms,
    R 4 is a CH 2 COO group, a SO 3 group, a CH 2 CH 2 SO 3 group, a CH 2 CH 2 CH 2 SO 3 group, a CH 2 CH 2 CH 2 CH 2 SO 3 group, or a PO 3 group,
    M is ammonium, alkanolamine, alkylamine or alkali metal;
    a is an integer of 1 to 3, and when a is 2 or 3, each of a plurality of R 1 may be the same or different,
    b is an integer of 0 to 100. ),
    A preparation step for preparing a heavy oil low viscosity agent by mixing a compound represented by the formula: and a diluent for diluting heavy oil;
    An injection step of injecting the heavy oil low-viscosity agent into a mixer for contact with an oil sand containing heavy oil;
    And a recovery step of recovering the heavy oil whose viscosity has been reduced.
PCT/JP2016/086752 2015-12-10 2016-12-09 Heavy oil viscosity depressant, method for lowering viscosity of heavy oil, and method for recovering heavy oil WO2017099225A1 (en)

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US4842776A (en) * 1986-10-24 1989-06-27 Hoechst Aktiengesellschaft Styrylaryloxy ether sulfonates, a process for their preparation and their use in the recovery of crude oil
US20110028355A1 (en) * 2009-07-29 2011-02-03 Oil Chem Technologies Non-estrogenic alkylphenol derivatives
WO2011094442A1 (en) * 2010-01-28 2011-08-04 Board Of Regents, The University Of Texas System Styrylphenol alkoxylate sulfate as a new surfactant composition for enhanced oil recovery applications
WO2014153102A1 (en) * 2013-03-14 2014-09-25 Cesi Chemical Inc. Methods and compositions for use in oil and/or gas wells
CN104449639A (en) * 2014-11-10 2015-03-25 中国石油化工股份有限公司 Heavy oil thermal recovery emulsification viscosity reducer and preparation method and application thereof

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4842776A (en) * 1986-10-24 1989-06-27 Hoechst Aktiengesellschaft Styrylaryloxy ether sulfonates, a process for their preparation and their use in the recovery of crude oil
US20110028355A1 (en) * 2009-07-29 2011-02-03 Oil Chem Technologies Non-estrogenic alkylphenol derivatives
WO2011094442A1 (en) * 2010-01-28 2011-08-04 Board Of Regents, The University Of Texas System Styrylphenol alkoxylate sulfate as a new surfactant composition for enhanced oil recovery applications
WO2014153102A1 (en) * 2013-03-14 2014-09-25 Cesi Chemical Inc. Methods and compositions for use in oil and/or gas wells
CN104449639A (en) * 2014-11-10 2015-03-25 中国石油化工股份有限公司 Heavy oil thermal recovery emulsification viscosity reducer and preparation method and application thereof

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