WO2017099109A1 - ラクチドを回収する方法 - Google Patents
ラクチドを回収する方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2017099109A1 WO2017099109A1 PCT/JP2016/086330 JP2016086330W WO2017099109A1 WO 2017099109 A1 WO2017099109 A1 WO 2017099109A1 JP 2016086330 W JP2016086330 W JP 2016086330W WO 2017099109 A1 WO2017099109 A1 WO 2017099109A1
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- screw
- lactide
- conveyance path
- vent chamber
- resin
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J11/00—Recovery or working-up of waste materials
- C08J11/04—Recovery or working-up of waste materials of polymers
- C08J11/10—Recovery or working-up of waste materials of polymers by chemically breaking down the molecular chains of polymers or breaking of crosslinks, e.g. devulcanisation
- C08J11/16—Recovery or working-up of waste materials of polymers by chemically breaking down the molecular chains of polymers or breaking of crosslinks, e.g. devulcanisation by treatment with inorganic material
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29B—PREPARATION OR PRETREATMENT OF THE MATERIAL TO BE SHAPED; MAKING GRANULES OR PREFORMS; RECOVERY OF PLASTICS OR OTHER CONSTITUENTS OF WASTE MATERIAL CONTAINING PLASTICS
- B29B17/00—Recovery of plastics or other constituents of waste material containing plastics
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
- B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
- B29C48/36—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die
- B29C48/375—Plasticisers, homogenisers or feeders comprising two or more stages
- B29C48/385—Plasticisers, homogenisers or feeders comprising two or more stages using two or more serially arranged screws in separate barrels
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
- B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
- B29C48/36—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die
- B29C48/395—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die using screws surrounded by a cooperating barrel, e.g. single screw extruders
- B29C48/40—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die using screws surrounded by a cooperating barrel, e.g. single screw extruders using two or more parallel screws or at least two parallel non-intermeshing screws, e.g. twin screw extruders
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
- B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
- B29C48/36—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die
- B29C48/50—Details of extruders
- B29C48/76—Venting, drying means; Degassing means
- B29C48/763—Vent constructions, e.g. venting means avoiding melt escape
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D319/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings having two oxygen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms
- C07D319/10—1,4-Dioxanes; Hydrogenated 1,4-dioxanes
- C07D319/12—1,4-Dioxanes; Hydrogenated 1,4-dioxanes not condensed with other rings
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29B—PREPARATION OR PRETREATMENT OF THE MATERIAL TO BE SHAPED; MAKING GRANULES OR PREFORMS; RECOVERY OF PLASTICS OR OTHER CONSTITUENTS OF WASTE MATERIAL CONTAINING PLASTICS
- B29B7/00—Mixing; Kneading
- B29B7/80—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
- B29B7/84—Venting or degassing ; Removing liquids, e.g. by evaporating components
- B29B7/845—Venting, degassing or removing evaporated components in devices with rotary stirrers
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
- B29K2067/00—Use of polyesters or derivatives thereof, as moulding material
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J2367/00—Characterised by the use of polyesters obtained by reactions forming a carboxylic ester link in the main chain; Derivatives of such polymers
- C08J2367/04—Polyesters derived from hydroxy carboxylic acids, e.g. lactones
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
- Y02W30/62—Plastics recycling; Rubber recycling
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a method for recovering lactide produced by depolymerizing polylactic acid.
- biodegradable plastics that are broken down by the action of enzymes released by bacteria and fungi are attracting attention as a means of solving the abnormal increase in plastic waste accompanying the increase in plastic usage in recent years.
- polylactic acid is attracting attention as an aliphatic polyester which is industrially mass-produced and easily available and is also environmentally friendly, and various uses have been proposed in a wide range of fields.
- Polylactic acid is a resin made from cereal starches such as corn, and is a lactic acid fermentation product of starch, a polymer of direct polycondensation using L-lactic acid as a monomer, and ring-opening polymerization of its dimer, lactide. Is a polymer produced by This polymer is decomposed into water and carbon dioxide gas by microorganisms existing in nature, and has attracted attention as a biological complete recycling system type resin.
- polylactic acid is depolymerized by heating in the presence of a depolymerization catalyst, and the obtained lactide is again subjected to ring-opening polymerization and reused as polylactic acid.
- Patent Documents 1 and 2 propose an apparatus for recovering lactide from polylactic acid applied to such chemical recycling.
- polylactic acid, a depolymerization catalyst and a carrier resin are put into a twin screw extruder and melt kneaded, and the melt kneaded material is vented by a screw in the twin screw extruder.
- Lactide generated by depolymerization of polylactic acid is gasified and separated from other components and collected in the vent chamber. That is, since the low molecular weight lactide (molecular weight 144) produced by the depolymerization of polylactic acid has a high boiling point of 255 ° C.
- the polylactic acid and the depolymerization catalyst are placed in the vent chamber held under reduced pressure.
- the melt-kneaded material containing the boiling point of lactide is induced, and the produced lactide is gasified and recovered.
- the lactide recovery method implemented in such a recovery apparatus has no problem in the laboratory level.
- the carrier resin moves while being melt-compressed, and the carrier resin transports a melt of polylactic acid or a depolymerization catalyst having a low melt viscosity.
- the carrier resin or depolymerized lactide may expand due to pressure release, causing a phenomenon that the carrier resin becomes a resin lump and floats from the screw conveyance path. This is known from research by the present inventors.
- reflux of lactide is also considered as a cause of vent-up. That is, the wall portion of the vent chamber (particularly the cylinder wall forming the screw conveyance path) held under reduced pressure is heated by the heater, whereby the lactide generated by the depolymerization is gasified, and the carrier resin or Although it is collected separately from the catalyst, the gasified lactide comes into contact with the low-temperature observation window (skylight) and the upper inner wall surface to condense, forming droplets, and again entering the screw conveyance path. May return. If such reflux occurs remarkably, the surface of the screw or cylinder wall is covered with a liquid substance. As a result, the carrier resin (molten resin) slips and does not run forward, and the growth of the resin mass is promoted.
- the carrier resin molten resin
- JP 2010-126490 A Japanese Patent No. 5051729
- an object of the present invention is to provide a lactide recovery method capable of effectively recovering lactide produced by depolymerization of polylactic acid without effectively removing the resin mass and causing vent-up. There is to do.
- a molten resin composition containing a polylactic acid, a depolymerization catalyst, and a carrier resin is used using a vent chamber in which a first screw conveyance path extends, and utilizing the first screw conveyance path.
- a method of recovering lactide which is introduced into the vent chamber held under reduced pressure, gasifies lactide contained in the molten resin composition, and recovers gaseous lactide from the vent chamber.
- a lactide recovery method is provided, wherein a second screw transfer path for recovering a carrier resin is provided below the first screw transfer path in the vent chamber.
- a return member for returning the resin mass generated together with the gasification of the lactide to the first screw conveyance path;
- the diameter SD2 of the second conveying screw extending in the second screw conveying path is set smaller than the diameter SD1 of the first conveying screw extending in the first screw conveying path.
- a collection device for collecting the gaseous lactide is connected to the vent chamber, (4) On the upper wall of the vent chamber, a tank for receiving the reflux liquid flowing down along the upper wall is provided separately from the first screw conveyance path, (5) An inclined viewing window is provided on the upper wall of the vent chamber, (6) The second screw conveyance path communicates with a carrier resin discharge extruder, (7) The return member is a drop screw provided to engage with a conveying screw extending through the first screw conveying path, Is preferred.
- a return member for returning the resin mass to the first screw conveyance path can be provided instead of providing the second screw conveyance path as described above.
- the carrier resin contained in the molten resin composition is discharged separately from the screw conveyance path (first screw conveyance path) for conveying the molten resin composition containing polylactic acid.
- a dedicated screw conveyance path (second screw conveyance path) is provided below the first screw conveyance path. That is, since the lactide produced by the decomposition of polylactic acid is gasified and removed from the molten resin composition introduced by the first screw conveyance path, the composition is almost only the carrier resin, and its capacity is large. Decrease. For this reason, almost no resin lump is generated, and even if a resin lump is generated, together with the carrier resin, it quickly falls from the first screw conveyance path to the second conveyance path, and is discharged by this second conveyance path. Is done.
- a return portion for returning the resin mass generated together with the gasification of the lactide to the first screw conveyance path may be provided on the first screw conveyance path. That is, in this aspect, the generated resin lump is returned to the first screw conveyance path by the return member and conveyed and removed. In this case as well, the problem of vent-up due to the resin lump can be prevented. it can. Therefore, in this invention, both a 2nd screw conveyance path and said return member can also be provided, and either a 2nd screw conveyance path or a return member can also be provided.
- the carrier resin that is the basis of the resin mass causing the vent-up is quickly removed from the first transport path, the generation and growth of the resin mass is effectively suppressed, and the vent by the resin mass is controlled. Up, that is, it can effectively prevent problems such as blockage in the vent chamber and mixing of resin lump into the collected lactide, and stably recover gasified lactide efficiently through stable continuous operation.
- high-purity lactide free from impurities can be obtained.
- FIG. 6 is a schematic plan view showing another example of the positional relationship between the vent chamber and the carrier resin discharging extruder shown in FIG. 1.
- Schematic which shows the other aspect of the return member provided in the vent chamber shown by FIG. Schematic which shows the further another aspect of the return member provided in the vent chamber shown by FIG.
- a recovery apparatus used for carrying out the lactide recovery method of the present invention includes an extruder (melt kneading apparatus) 1, a vent chamber 3 connected to the extruder 1, a vent chamber. 3 is composed of a carrier resin collection chamber 4 located below 3, a collection device 5 connected to the vent chamber 3, and a carrier resin discharge extruder 6 connected to the carrier resin collection chamber.
- the vent chamber 3 is held at a predetermined pressure reduction degree by the provided vacuum pump 7.
- polylactic acid, a depolymerization catalyst and a carrier resin are put into the hopper of the extruder 1 and melt-kneaded in the cylinder of the extruder 1 to depolymerize the polylactic acid. Then, the melt-kneaded product is supplied to the vent chamber 3.
- the lactide generated by the depolymerization of polylactic acid is gasified, and the gasified lactide is introduced into the collecting device 5 connected to the vent chamber 3, and the gas-liquid separation tower 51 and the first agglomeration are collected. It is liquefied through the vessel 53 and collected from the receptacle 59, and the carrier resin is discharged from the carrier resin collection chamber 4 below the vent chamber 3 through the carrier resin discharge extruder 6.
- the polylactic acid used for lactide recovery includes post-consumer products (Post Consumer), industrial waste discharged from resin processing manufacturers' factories, or spec out resin generated in the manufacturing process of polylactic acid resin.
- Post Consumer post-consumer products
- a stereocomplex type in which L-lactic acid (PLLA) and D-lactic acid (PDLA) are mixed, or a mesotype in which L-lactic acid units and D-lactic acid units in a molecular chain are mixed may be used. There is no problem. Of course, there is no problem with virgin polylactic acid.
- the polylactic acid to be used is one in which a small amount of copolymer units are incorporated, for example, lactones, cyclic ethers, cyclic compounds copolymerizable with lactide, provided that 50 mol% or more is lactic acid units. It may contain units derived from amides, various alcohols, carboxylic acids and the like.
- MgO is representative and is most preferably used, but alkaline earth metal oxides such as CaO, SrO, BaO and the like can also be used. Furthermore, Tin (II) 2-ethyl hexanoate used as a polymerization catalyst and aluminum hydroxide (Al (OH) 3 ) as a flame retardant can also be suitably used. Moreover, these catalysts can also be mixed and used.
- Such a depolymerization catalyst lowers the depolymerization temperature of polylactic acid. By using the depolymerization catalyst, thermal decomposition of polylactic acid is promoted, and polylactic acid is lowered in molecular weight. Polylactic acid having a molecular weight of about 200,000 when the hopper is charged decomposes to lactide having a molecular weight of 144. MgO and the like also have an effect of suppressing the racemization phenomenon during the thermal reaction.
- the polylactic acid depolymerization catalyst is usually used in an amount of 0.1 to 5 parts by mass per 100 parts by mass of polylactic acid.
- the carrier resin is used for screw-feeding a polylactic acid melt, and at the same time has a function as a sealing material.
- various thermoplastic resins can be used as long as they do not adversely affect the depolymerization of polylactic acid and are not reactive with lactide produced by the depolymerization of polylactic acid.
- olefin resins such as polyethylene and polypropylene
- polyester resins such as polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polyethers such as polycarbonate (PC), and styrene resins such as polystyrene (PS)
- HDPE, LDPE, PP having high melt viscosity can be preferably used.
- polylactic acid containing lactide differs depending on its molecular weight, but generally has a considerably lower melt viscosity than ordinary polymers, so it is difficult to efficiently carry the polylactic acid melt by a screw. This is because the screw is almost in the idle state. Therefore, by using the carrier resin in combination, the viscosity of the molten resin containing the polylactic acid melt in the extruder can be increased, and the polylactic acid melt can be efficiently screwed.
- the carrier resin since the carrier resin has a higher melt viscosity than polylactic acid containing lactide, the carrier resin is used in a certain amount or more and melt-mixed with polylactic acid.
- the molten mixture can be screw-conveyed while maintaining the state in which the molten mixture is filled in the gaps between the two. That is, by using the carrier resin, it is possible to maintain a state in which the gap between the cylinder inner surface and the screw is always sealed, and thereby the vent chamber 3 can be effectively decompressed.
- a resin having a thermal decomposition temperature higher than the depolymerization temperature of PLA (PET, PC, PS, etc.) itself will not be thermally decomposed. Lactic acid and its depolymerized product can be screwed (previous) and can be applied.
- the carrier resin is generally set in an appropriate amount range according to the specifications of the apparatus.
- the amount is about 20 to 10,000 parts by mass, more preferably 20 to 100 parts by mass per 100 parts by mass of polylactic acid, and the amount is set so as to ensure screw transportability and vacuum sealability. This amount can be considerably reduced from the general amount, and the reason will be described later.
- Predetermined amounts of the above-described polylactic acid, depolymerization catalyst, and carrier resin are charged from the hopper of the extruder 1 and melt mixed in the cylinder of the extruder 1. That is, the inside of the cylinder is heated by a heater provided so as to cover the cylinder of the extruder 1, and melt mixing is performed while being stirred and conveyed by a screw running inside the cylinder. This will depolymerize polylactic acid.
- a twin screw extruder having two or more screws is usually used, and the inside of the cylinder is heated to 250 ° C. to 350 ° C., and melt mixing is performed. The depolymerization of polylactic acid begins, and the molecular weight reduction of polylactic acid proceeds.
- the molecular weight of polylactic acid is reduced by the above melt mixing, and lactide (lactic acid dimer) forming the basic unit of polylactic acid is obtained.
- lactide lactic acid dimer
- the boiling point of this lactide under standard atmospheric pressure is Since the temperature is 255 ° C., stable gas collection is difficult because of the phase separation boundary temperature region of the gas liquid. That is, when the lactide remains in a liquid state, separation from the molten carrier resin cannot be carried out effectively and stably, so that this melt-kneaded product is introduced into the vent chamber 3 held under reduced pressure. Therefore, it is necessary to lower the boiling point of lactide, promote gas-liquid phase transition, and advance gasification.
- the vent chamber 3 includes a first screw conveyance path 11, and a carrier resin recovery chamber 4 is disposed below the first screw conveyance path 11.
- a collecting pipe 15 connected to the collecting device 5 is connected to the upper part of the side wall 13 rising upward from the first screw conveyance path 11.
- the ceiling wall 17 of the vent chamber 3 has an inclined structure, and a viewing window 19 is attached to the inclined portion, and the inside of the vent chamber 3 from the viewing window 19, particularly the first screw.
- the state of the conveyance path 11 can be always observed.
- the lower end portion of the viewing window 19 extends to the outer portion of the side wall 13 rising upward from the first screw conveyance path 11, and a reflux liquid receiving tank 21 is provided below the lower end portion. Is provided. That is, the receiving tank 21 is partitioned from the first screw conveyance path 11 by the side wall 13 so that the reflux liquid does not return to the screw conveyance path 11.
- the screw conveying path 11 includes a pair of first conveying screws 23a and 23b that rotate in the same direction, and a dropping screw 25 that is appropriately disposed on the upper portion of the first conveying screw 23a. And a cylinder wall (barrel) 27 that accommodates the first conveying screws 23a and 23b.
- the cylinder wall 27 is an extension of the cylinder wall of the extruder 1, and similarly, the first conveying screws 23a and 23b are the extension of the screw of the extruder 1,
- the above-described molten mixture is conveyed from the extruder 1 to the front side of the sheet of FIG. 2 and is introduced into the vent chamber 3.
- a drop screw 25 that functions as a return member is provided on the upper portion of the first screw conveyance path 11.
- Such a return member is a member for returning the resin mass (indicated by 30) generated along with the gasification of lactide to the first screw conveyance path 11.
- the dropping screw 25 appropriately disposed as such a return member is selectively provided in the vent chamber 3, is engaged with the first conveying screw 23a, and is opposite to the conveying screw 23a. It is provided to rotate in the same direction at the nip position.
- the vent chamber 3 is decompressed to about 0.1 to 8 kPaA by the operation of the vacuum pump 7. Further, the inside of the first screw conveyance path 11 is heated to about 250 ° C. to 350 ° C. like the cylinder portion in the extruder 1 by a heater (not shown) attached to the cylinder wall 27. Thereby, the lactide produced by the depolymerization of polylactic acid contained in the molten mixture introduced into the vent chamber 3 by the first conveying screws 23a and 23b extending in the first screw conveying path 11 is gaseous. The gasified lactide is introduced from the collection tube 15 into the collection device 5.
- the molten mixture conveyed by the screw contains the polylactic acid depolymerized product having a high vapor pressure and is introduced into the vent chamber 3 which is decompressed while being compressed, it expands in the vent chamber 3,
- the resin lump 30 in a state of floating from the first conveying screws 23a and 23b may be generated. Therefore, if the operation of the recovery device is continued, the resin mass 30 that has floated from the pair of first conveying screws 23a and 23b may be continuously generated in the vent chamber 3.
- the resin lump 30 is mainly like a substrate formed of a carrier resin. When the resin lump 30 grows and becomes large, it becomes a blockage that prevents recovery of lactide gas, and also a scattered resin lump. 30 may enter the collection device 5 through the collection tube 15 and block the entire collection tube 15. That is, vent-up is caused.
- the dropping screw 25 provided on the upper side of the first conveying screw 23a is provided so as to rotate in the opposite direction to the first conveying screw 23a, as can be understood from FIG. For this reason, the resin mass 30 in a state of floating from the first screw conveyance path 11 is returned again onto the first conveyance screw 23a by the dropping screw 25, and then falls to the second screw conveyance path 60, It is discharged together with the carrier resin.
- the dropping screw 25 functions as a return member for returning the resin lump 30 to the first screw conveyance path 11, thereby suppressing the growth of the resin lump 30, and inconvenience due to the growth of the resin lump 30. It can be effectively prevented.
- the rotation of the dropping screw 25 used as the return member described above may be a rotation synchronized with the first conveying screws 23a and 23b or may be a rotation not synchronized.
- vent-up may occur, but in the vent chamber 3 having the above structure, Inconvenience due to the reflux of lactide can be effectively prevented. That is, a molten mixture containing polylactic acid, a depolymerization catalyst, and a carrier resin is introduced into the vent chamber 3 from the extruder 1 through the first screw conveyance path 11, and the gasification of lactide is continuously performed. Then, a droplet 31 (that is, a reflux liquid) may be generated due to condensation on the surface of the viewing window 19.
- the viewing window 19 is inclined, and the droplets 31 due to condensation flow down along the surface of the viewing window 19 and are caused by the side wall 13.
- the first screw conveyance path 11 is accommodated in a receiving tank 21 that is completely partitioned. That is, it is possible to effectively avoid the inconvenience that the droplet 31 drops into the first screw conveyance path 11 and promotes the generation of the resin mass 30.
- dropping of the droplet 31 to the first screw conveyance path 11 causes repetition of vaporization and liquefaction of lactide, promotes racemization of lactide, and decreases the optical purity of the obtained lactide. In the vent chamber 3 having such a structure, such inconvenience can be effectively avoided.
- the above-described viewing window 19 is preferably a double window as shown in FIG. 2, and is preferably attached to the ceiling wall 17 by a gasket 35 having O-rings 33a and 33b. With such a structure, the heat retention of the observation window 19 can be improved, condensation can be prevented, and the generation of reflux liquid can be effectively avoided.
- a recovery line 37 for recovering the reflux liquid 31a collected in the receiving tank 21 is provided at the bottom of the receiving tank 21 for collecting the above-described droplet 31 (refluxing liquid).
- a vacuum break / recovery line 39 is provided for maintaining the degree of vacuum in the vent chamber 3 or for breaking the vacuum. With such a structure, the reflux liquid 31a accumulated in the receiving tank 21 can be recovered.
- the structure of the receiving tank 21 is not limited to the structure shown in FIG. 2.
- the receiving tank 21 is temporarily connected to the bottom of the receiving tank 21 via a collection line 41.
- the temporary collection tank 43 is connected, and the temporary collection tank 43 is provided with a vacuum break / recovery line 45 and a recovery line 47, whereby the reflux liquid 31a accumulated in the receiving tank 21 is removed from the vacuum system of the vent chamber 3. Without being destroyed, it can be recovered by moving to the temporary collection tank 43 via the collection line.
- the lactide gasified by the vent chamber 3 is introduced into the collecting device 5 through a collecting tube 15 provided at the upper part of the side wall 13, but as shown in FIG.
- the collection tube 15 extends in an upwardly inclined manner, and is provided with a vacuum break prevention valve 50.
- the valve 50 can be opened and closed when an abnormality occurs.
- a receiving tank 15 a for receiving the reflux liquid at the entrance of the collection tube 15.
- the reflux liquid liquefied in the collection tube 15 is collected in the receiving tank 15 a so as not to flow down into the screw conveyance path 11.
- the receiving tank 15a is also provided with a vacuum break / recovery line 15b and a recovery line 15c.
- the gas-liquid separation tower 51 In the collection device 5 to which the collection tube 15 is connected, the gas-liquid separation tower 51, the first condenser 53, the second condenser 55, and the deep cold trap 57 are provided. Impurities are removed from the gasified product of lactide collected from the vent chamber 3 by gas-liquid separation, and high purity lactide is recovered. That is, the gasified product of lactide collected from the vent chamber 3 includes, in addition to lactide, various low molecular compounds derived from lactic acid oligomers, polylactic acid, polymerization initiators blended in the carrier resin, and the like. Because they are included, they need to be removed.
- the gas recovered lactide is passed through a gas-liquid separation tower (rectifier tower) 51 to remove high molecular weight oligomer components with a demister in the gas-liquid separation tower, and then into the first aggregator (heat exchanger) 53. It is introduced, and only lactide is phase-changed (phase change) and recovered as liquid lactide.
- the proper heat exchange temperature for phase change varies depending on the degree of vacuum.
- the boiling point and melting point of lactide (L-lactide / D-lactide) at standard atmospheric pressure are 255 ° C. and 92 ° C. to 94 ° C., respectively. Therefore, the heat exchange temperature is preferably 60 ° C. to 140 ° C. in the vacuum range of 0.1 KPaA to 8 KPaA, and the heat exchange temperature is more preferably 80 ° C. to 90 ° C. in the vacuum range of 0.5 PaA to 4 KPaA. .
- the degree of vacuum is too high, so it becomes easy to make a large amount of resin lump, and it becomes easy to vent up.
- the degree of vacuum is too low, and the boiling point drop of lactide Is insufficient, lactide gasification becomes insufficient, and the recovery efficiency tends to decrease.
- the heat exchange temperature is lower than the above range, low boiling point impurities may be liquefied, and the purity of the recovered lactide may be lowered. If the heat exchange temperature is higher than the above range, the lactide is difficult to liquefy. Lactide recovery efficiency may be reduced.
- the equipment in order to recover the polylactic acid depolymerized product (lactide) as a gas, the equipment (the gas-liquid separation tower 51, the first aggregator 53, the second aggregator 55, etc.) in the collection device 5 is provided from the vent chamber 3. It is preferable to install at a higher position.
- the gas from which the oligomer has been removed in this manner is cooled to about 80 ° C. by the first condenser (heat exchanger) 53, whereby the intended lactide is liquefied and collected in the receiver 59.
- the remaining gas is cooled to about 5 ° C. by the second condenser (heat exchanger) 55 to remove low-boiling low-molecular compounds, and finally cooled to about ⁇ 50 ° C. by the cryogenic trap 57 to remain.
- the compound will also be removed as a liquid.
- the reflux liquid 31a collected in the receiving tank 21 and the liquid collected at the bottom of the receiving tank 15a provided in the collecting tube 15 can be discarded as they are. Together with the liquid lactide recovered at 59, it can be introduced into the purification step.
- a molten resin composition containing polylactic acid and a carrier resin is supplied to the vent chamber 3 using the first screw conveying path 11 (first conveying screws 23a and 23b) as described above, and the polylactic acid is dissolved.
- the lactide generated by polymerization is gasified in the vent chamber 3 and recovered by the collection device 5
- the volume of the molten resin composition conveyed by the first screw conveyance path 11 is greatly reduced by the gasification of lactide. It becomes.
- the residue 65 (most of which is a carrier resin) of the molten resin composition from which such lactide has been gasified and removed is not discharged by the first screw conveyance path 11, and the bottom of the vent chamber 3 is not discharged. It is configured to discharge through a carrier resin recovery chamber 4 provided on the side.
- the carrier resin recovery chamber 4 has a second screw transport for recovering the carrier resin provided at a position below the first screw transport path 11.
- a path 60 is provided, the first screw conveyance path 11 is a dead end, and the resin lump 65 (carrier resin) that has dropped from the first screw conveyance path 11 is discharged by the second screw conveyance path 60. It is like that.
- the second screw conveyance path 60 is opened to be an opening, and the second screw conveyance path 60 is opened.
- the second transport path 60 is formed by a pair of second transport screws 60a and 60b rotating in the same direction, and a cylinder wall 63 around the second transport screws 60a and 60b.
- such a second screw conveyance path 60 is formed with the conveyance path 60 in order to effectively discharge the carrier resin while maintaining the degree of vacuum in the vent chamber 3. It communicates with a carrier resin discharging extruder 6 extending in the same direction. That is, as shown in FIG.
- the second conveying screws 60 a and 60 b extend in the cylinder of the carrier resin discharge extruder 6, and the feed direction tip is provided in the extruder 6. It extends to the outlet 70.
- the screw driving motors provided in the extruders 1 and 6 are omitted.
- a resin lump (carrier resin) 65 which is a residue of a resin melt obtained by gasifying lactide generated by depolymerization of polylactic acid on the first screw conveyance path 11 and removing it from the resin melt. Falls from the first conveyance path 11 onto the second screw conveyance path 60.
- the carrier resin remaining in the first screw conveyance path 11 (that is, the causative substance of the resin mass 30) is quickly dropped and discharged to the second screw conveyance path 60 dedicated to the carrier resin. Therefore, the production of the resin mass 30 on the first screw conveyance path 11 can be effectively suppressed, and the vent-up caused by the growth of the resin mass 30 can be effectively prevented. .
- the diameter SD2 of the second conveying screws 60a and 60b extending in the second screw conveying path 60 is set smaller than the diameter SD1 of the first conveying screws 23a and 23b described above. Is preferred. That is, the molten carrier resin that has reached the second screw conveyance path 60 is conveyed by the second conveyance screws 60a and 60b and melt-extruded from the discharge port 70 via the carrier resin discharge extruder 6, in this case, In order to maintain the degree of vacuum in the vent chamber 3, it is necessary to secure the amount of carrier resin so that a vacuum seal is secured inside the carrier resin discharge extruder 6.
- the diameter SD2 of the second conveying screws 60a, 60b is reduced, and as a result, in order to ensure a vacuum seal.
- the amount of necessary carrier resin can be reduced.
- such a second screw conveyance path 60 is not provided, and the carrier resin is discharged from the first screw conveyance path 11, It is possible to depolymerize polylactic acid with a resin composition having a smaller carrier resin composition ratio.
- the diameter SD2 of the second conveying screws 60a, 60b is preferably smaller than the diameter SD1 of the first conveying screws 23a, 23b, but more preferably the diameter ratio SD2 / SD1. Is preferably in the range of 0.25 to 0.90, more preferably 0.35 to 0.80. That is, if the diameter ratio SD2 / SD1 is smaller than the above range, there is a possibility that the discharge by the second conveying screws 60a and 60b may not catch up with the amount of the carrier resin falling into the second screw conveying path 60. Of course, it is possible to increase the discharge amount of the carrier resin by increasing the rotational speed of the second conveying screws 60a and 60b.
- the load applied to the apparatus becomes too large and the apparatus is damaged. Or, there is a possibility that the life of the apparatus is reduced.
- the diameter ratio SD2 / SD1 is larger than the above range, the advantage of reducing the amount of carrier resin cannot be fully utilized, and the vacuum seal may be deteriorated.
- the second screw conveyance path 60 is provided with a pair of conveyance screws 60a and 60b.
- the resin mass 65 can be conveyed and discharged from the discharge port 70 effectively.
- the number of conveying screws may be one.
- the 2nd screw conveyance path 60 (2nd conveyance screw 60a, 60b) is the example extended in the same direction as the 1st screw conveyance path 11 (conveyance screw 23a, 23b).
- the second screw conveying path 60 (conveying screws 60a and 60b) is connected to the first screw conveying path 11 (conveying screws 23a and 23b). It is also possible to communicate with the carrier resin discharge extruder 6 in the orthogonal direction.
- the carrier resin discharged from the discharge port 70 provided at the front end in the feeding direction of the second screw conveyance path 60 may be discarded as it is, or returned to the extruder 1 again as necessary. It can also be supplied and mixed with polylactic acid for reuse.
- a drop-in is provided as a return member for returning the resin mass 30 to the first screw conveyance path 11.
- a member different from the screw 25 may be used.
- a rotating shaft 71 in which a plurality of elliptical blades 72 are arranged can be used as the return member instead of the screw blades. That is, the resin shaft 30 is pushed into the first screw conveyance path 11 by causing the rotary shaft 71 to run in parallel with the first conveyance screw 23a or 23b and making point contact with the first conveyance screw 23a or 23b. Can do.
- the contact area or contact time with the molten resin can be reduced, and there is an advantage that the conveyance inhibition of the molten resin is extremely small.
- the rotation of the dropping screw 25 and the rotating shaft 71 used as the return member described above may be a rotation synchronized with the first conveying screws 23a and 23b, or may be a rotation not synchronized.
- the upper part of the first conveying screw 23a and / or 23b is covered so as not to disturb the flow path of the lactide that is gasified from the molten mixture conveyed by the screws 23a and 23b and flows to the collecting tube 15.
- a plate-like return member or a point contact return member can also be provided.
- the resin mass 30 can be pushed into the first screw conveyance path 11 by moving the pushing plate 77 up and down along the side wall 13 by the air cylinder 75.
- the second screw conveyance path 60 is omitted.
- the lower end surface of the plate 77 is preferably a curved surface in order to effectively push in, and further, this lower end surface is sintered with zirconia to avoid welding of the molten resin. It is preferable to form a nonpolar film with high smoothness, such as coating, forming a DLC vapor deposition film, or forming a Teflon (registered trademark) film.
- the problem of vent-up derived from the resin mass 30 generated in the vent chamber 3 can be effectively avoided, and high purity lactide can be stably stabilized from polylactic acid by the stable operation of the apparatus. Continuous recovery is possible. Further, the amount of carrier resin used can be greatly reduced (for example, halved) as compared with the case where the carrier resin is discharged from the tip without making the first screw conveyance path 11 dead end.
- the second screw conveyance path 60 is omitted, and only the return member (see FIGS. 2, 6 and 7 etc.) provided on the first screw conveyance path 23 described above. It is also possible to remove the resin lump 30 by providing. When the second screw conveyance path 60 is omitted, the carrier resin and the resin lump 30 are discharged from the front end portion of the first screw conveyance path 23.
- Extruder 3 Vent chamber 4: Carrier resin recovery chamber 5: Collection device 6: Extruder for discharging carrier resin 7: Vacuum pump 11: First screw conveyance path 15: Collection pipe 19: Viewing window 21: Receiving tanks 23a, 23b: first conveying screw 25: drop screw 27: cylinder wall 51: gas-liquid separation tower 53: first condenser 55: second condenser 60: second screw conveying path 60a, 60b: Second conveying screw 63: Cylinder wall 65: Resin melt residue (resin lump of carrier resin) 70: Discharge port
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Abstract
Description
例えば、押出機内中では、キャリヤ樹脂が溶融圧縮されながら移動しており、このキャリヤ樹脂によって溶融粘度の小さなポリ乳酸の溶融物や解重合触媒が搬送されるのであるが、溶融圧縮されたキャリヤ樹脂が減圧されているベント室に導入されたとき、圧力開放によるキャリヤ樹脂や解重合ラクチドの膨張に起因して、キャリヤ樹脂が樹脂塊となってスクリュー搬送路から浮いてしまうという現象を生じることが本発明者等による研究により判っている。このような樹脂塊が大きく成長すると、溶融混合物が樹脂塊により覆われてしまい、ラクチドの揮発が妨げられたり、ポリ乳酸の解重合により生成しガス状化したラクチドの流路を塞いでしまい、ラクチドの回収効率が大幅に低下してしまったり、さらには、樹脂塊が飛散してベント室から捕集されたラクチドに混ざってしまうという重大な問題が生じることもある。
上記のようなキャリヤ樹脂の樹脂塊によりラクチドが揮発しにくい状態、あるいは揮発しなくなった状態を、一般に「ベントアップ」と呼んでいる。
即ち、減圧下に保持されているベント室の壁部(特にスクリュー搬送路を形成しているシリンダー壁)はヒーターにより加熱され、これにより、解重合により生成したラクチドがガス状化し、キャリヤ樹脂や触媒と分離して捕集されるのであるが、ガス状化したラクチドが、温度の低い覗き窓(天窓)や上部内壁面に接触して結露し、液滴となって、再びスクリュー搬送路に戻ってしまうことがある。このような還流が著しく生じると、スクリューやシリンダー壁表面が液状物質で被覆されてしまい、この結果、キャリヤ樹脂(溶融樹脂)がスリップして前走しなくなり、樹脂塊の成長が促進される原因となり、ベントアップの原因となってしまう。
さらに、還流現象は、気化と液化とを繰り返す行程となるため、目的とするラクチドのラセミ化を進行させることとなる。例えば、L-ラクチドからmeso-ラクチドへの光学異性転移、及びmeso-ラクチドからD-ラクチドへの光学異性転移が生じ、得られるL-ラクチドの純度(光学的純度)が低下してしまうこともある。
前記ベント室内の前記第1のスクリュー搬送路の下側に、キャリヤ樹脂回収用の第2のスクリュー搬送路を設けたことを特徴とするラクチドの回収方法が提供される。
(1)前記第1のスクリュー搬送路上には、前記ラクチドのガス化と共に生成する樹脂塊を該第1のスクリュー搬送路に戻すための戻し部材が設けられていること、
(2)前記第2のスクリュー搬送路内を延びている第2搬送スクリューの直径SD2が、前記第1のスクリュー搬送路内を延びている第1搬送スクリューの直径SD1よりも小さく設定されていること、
(3)前記ベント室には、前記ガス状ラクチドを捕集するための捕集装置が連結されていること、
(4)前記ベント室の上部壁には、該上部壁に沿って流れ落ちる還流液を受ける槽が前記第1のスクリュー搬送路とは区画して設けられていること、
(5)前記ベント室の上部壁には、傾斜覗き窓が設けられていること、
(6)前記第2のスクリュー搬送路は、キャリヤ樹脂排出用押出機に連通していること、
(7)前記戻し部材が、前記第1のスクリュー搬送路を延びている搬送スクリューと係合して設けられている落とし込み用スクリューであること、
が好適である。
また、本発明のラクチドの回収方法では、上記のような第2のスクリュー搬送路を設ける代わりに、樹脂塊を第1のスクリュー搬送路に戻すための戻し部材を設けることもできる。
従って、本発明においては、第2のスクリュー搬送路と上記の戻し部材との両方を設けることもできるし、第2のスクリュー搬送路或いは戻し部材の何れか一方を設けることもできる。
また、用いるポリ乳酸は、少量の共重合単位が組みこまれているもの、例えば、50モル%以上が乳酸単位であることを条件として、ラクチドと共重合可能なラクトン類、環状エーテル類、環状アミド類、各種アルコール類、カルボン酸類などに由来する単位を含んでいてもよい。
また、キャリヤ樹脂は、ラクチドを含んだポリ乳酸に比して溶融粘度が高いことから、これをある程度以上の量で使用してポリ乳酸と溶融混合することにより、押出機のシリンダー内面とスクリューとの間の空隙を溶融混合物が充満した状態を維持しながら、該溶融混合物をスクリュー搬送することができる。即ち、キャリヤ樹脂の使用により、シリンダー内面とスクリューとの間の空隙が常にシールされている状態を保持することが可能となり、これにより、ベント室3の減圧を効果的に行うことができる。
即ち、押出機1のシリンダーを覆うように設けられているヒーターによりシリンダー内部が加熱され、シリンダー内部を走行しているスクリューにより、撹拌及び搬送されながら、溶融混合が行われ、250℃以上の温度でポリ乳酸を解重合することとなる。押出機1としては、通常、2本以上のスクリューを備えた2軸押出機が使用され、シリンダー内部を250℃~350℃に加熱して溶融混合が行われ、この溶融混合に伴い、ポリ乳酸の解重合が始まり、ポリ乳酸の低分子量化が進行していくこととなる。
また、このベント室3の天井壁17は、傾斜構造を有しており、この傾斜した部分に覗き窓19が取り付けられており、この覗き窓19からベント室3の内部、特に第1のスクリュー搬送路11の状態を常時観察できるようになっている。
さらに、上記の覗き窓19の下方端部は、第1のスクリュー搬送路11から上方に立ち上がっている側壁13の外側部分にまで延びており、その下側には、還流液の受け槽21が設けられている。即ち、この受け槽21は、上記の側壁13によって第1のスクリュー搬送路11とは区画されており、還流液がスクリュー搬送路11に戻らないようになっている。
また、図2の例では第1のスクリュー搬送路11の上部に戻し部材として機能する落とし込みスクリュー25が設けられている。このような戻し部材は、ラクチドのガス化とともに生成する樹脂塊(30で示されている)を第1のスクリュー搬送路11に戻すための部材である。
このような戻し部材として適宜配置される落とし込みスクリュー25は、ベント室3内に選択的に設けられているものであり、第1搬送スクリュー23aと係合しており且つ搬送スクリュー23aとは逆方向(ニップ位置では同方向)に回転するように設けられている。
このように、落とし込みスクリュー25は、樹脂塊30を第1のスクリュー搬送路11に戻すための戻し部材として機能し、これにより、樹脂塊30の成長を抑制し、樹脂塊30の成長による不都合を有効に防止することができる。
即ち、ポリ乳酸、解重合触媒及びキャリヤ樹脂を含む溶融混合物を、第1のスクリュー搬送路11により押出機1からベント室3に導入していき、ラクチドのガス状化を連続して行っていくと、覗き窓19の面で結露による液滴31(即ち、還流液)を生じる場合がある。この液滴31が第1のスクリュー搬送路11に滴下すると、この搬送路11を走行している第1搬送スクリュー23a,23bの表面或いはシリンダー壁27の内表面を覆うように液膜が形成されてしまい、溶融混合物がスリップし易くなり、結果として、前述した樹脂塊30を生成し易くなってしまう。
また、液滴31の第1のスクリュー搬送路11への落下は、ラクチドの気化と液化の繰り返しをもたらし、ラクチドのラセミ化を促進させ、得られるラクチドの光学的純度を低下させるが、上記のような構造のベント室3では、このような不都合も有効に回避することができる。
例えば、0.1KPaAよりも低いと、真空度が高すぎるため、樹脂塊が多くできやすくなり、ベントアップしやすくなってしまい、8KPaAよりも高いと、真空度が低すぎるため、ラクチドの沸点降下が不十分であり、ラクチドガス化が不十分となり、回収効率が低下する傾向がある。
また、熱交換温度が上記範囲よりも低いと、低沸点不純物の液状化を生じ、回収ラクチドの純度が落ちる虞があり、熱交換温度が上記範囲よりも高いと、ラクチドが液状化しにくいため、ラクチド回収効率が低下する虞がある。
本発明では、このようなラクチドがガス化して取り除かれた溶融樹脂組成物の残渣65(そのほとんどはキャリヤ樹脂である)を、第1のスクリュー搬送路11により排出せず、ベント室3の下側に設けられているキャリヤ樹脂回収室4を通して排出するように構成されている。
この第2の搬送路60は、同方向に回転する一対の第2搬送スクリュー60a,60bと、これら第2搬送スクリュー60a,60bの周囲のシリンダー壁63とから形成されている。
このような第2のスクリュー搬送路60は、図2に示されているように、ベント室3の真空度を維持しつつ、キャリヤ樹脂の排出を効果的に行うために、該搬送路60と同方向に延びているキャリヤ樹脂排出用押出機6に連通している。
即ち、第2搬送スクリュー60a,60bは、図4に示されているように、キャリヤ樹脂排出用押出機6のシリンダー内を延びており、その送り方向先端は、該押出機6に設けられている排出口70まで延びている。
尚、図2等においては、押出機1、6に設けられているスクリュー駆動用モーターは省略されている。
即ち、第2のスクリュー搬送路60に到達した溶融キャリヤ樹脂は、第2搬送スクリュー60a,60bにより搬送され、キャリヤ樹脂排出用押出機6を経て排出口70から溶融押出されるが、この場合、ベント室3内での真空度を保持するために、キャリヤ樹脂排出用押出機6の内部で真空シールが確保されるように、キャリヤ樹脂量を確保する必要がある。しかるに、第2の搬送スクリュー60a,60bの直径SD2を小さくすることで、該スクリュー60a,60bとその周囲のシリンダー壁との空隙の容積が小さくなり、この結果として、真空シールを確保するために必要なキャリヤ樹脂量を低減することができ、例えば、このような第2のスクリュー搬送路60が設けられておらず、第1のスクリュー搬送路11からキャリヤ樹脂を排出する場合と比較して、よりキャリヤ樹脂組成比率の小さい樹脂組成でポリ乳酸の解重合を行うことが可能となる。
即ち、直径比SD2/SD1が上記範囲よりも小さいと、第2のスクリュー搬送路60に落下してくるキャリヤ樹脂の量に、第2搬送スクリュー60a,60bによる排出が追いつかないおそれがある。勿論、第2搬送スクリュー60a,60bの回転速度をより速くすることにより、キャリヤ樹脂の排出量を多くすることはできるが、このような場合には、装置かかる負荷が大きくなり過ぎ、装置の損傷或いは装置寿命の低下を引き起こすおそれがある。また、直径比SD2/SD1が上記範囲よりも大きいと、キャリヤ樹脂量を少なくするという利点を十分に活かすことができないばかりか、真空シールが不良になる虞がある。
また、図1及び図2の例では、第2のスクリュー搬送路60(第2搬送スクリュー60a,60b)が第1のスクリュー搬送路11(搬送スクリュー23a,23b)と同方向に延びている例が示されているが、図5の概略平面構造から理解されるように、第2のスクリュー搬送路60(搬送スクリュー60a,60b)が第1のスクリュー搬送路11(搬送スクリュー23a,23b)と直交する方向に設けて、キャリヤ樹脂排出用押出機6に連通させることも可能である。
例えば、図7のように、エアシリンダー75により、押し込み用のプレート77を側壁13に添って上下動させることにより、樹脂塊30を第1のスクリュー搬送路11内に押し込むこともできる。尚、図7では、第2のスクリュー搬送路60は省略されている。
図7において、プレート77の下端面は、押し込みを効果的に行うために湾曲した面となっていることが好ましく、さらには溶融樹脂の溶着を避けるために、この下端面を、ジルコニアで焼結被膜したり、DLC蒸着膜を形成したり、テフロン(登録商標)被膜を形成するなど、平滑性の高い非極性皮膜を形成しておくことが好ましい。
また、第1のスクリュー搬送路11を行き止まりにせず、この先端からキャリヤ樹脂を排出する場合と比較すると、キャリヤ樹脂の使用量を大幅に低減(例えば半減)させることができる。
3:ベント室
4:キャリヤ樹脂回収室
5:捕集装置
6:キャリヤ樹脂排出用押出機
7:真空ポンプ
11:第1のスクリュー搬送路
15:捕集管
19:覗き窓
21:受け槽
23a,23b:第1搬送スクリュー
25:落とし込みスクリュー
27:シリンダー壁
51:気液分離塔
53:第1の凝縮器
55:第2の凝縮器
60:第2のスクリュー搬送路
60a,60b:第2搬送スクリュー
63:シリンダー壁
65:樹脂溶融物残渣(キャリヤ樹脂の樹脂塊)
70:排出口
Claims (9)
- 第1のスクリュー搬送路が延びているベント室を使用し、該第1のスクリュー搬送路を利用してポリ乳酸と解重合触媒とキャリヤ樹脂とを含む溶融樹脂組成物を、減圧下に保持された前記ベント室内に導入し、該溶融樹脂組成物中に含まれるラクチドをガス化し、ガス状ラクチドを該ベント室から回収するラクチドの回収方法において、
前記ベント室内の前記第1のスクリュー搬送路の下側に、キャリヤ樹脂回収用の第2のスクリュー搬送路を設けたことを特徴とするラクチドの回収方法。 - 前記第1のスクリュー搬送路上には、前記ラクチドのガス化と共に生成する樹脂塊を該第1のスクリュー搬送路に戻すための戻し部材が設けられている請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記第2のスクリュー搬送路内を延びている第2搬送スクリューの直径SD2が、前記第1のスクリュー搬送路内を延びている第1搬送スクリューの直径SD1よりも小さく設定されている請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記ベント室には、前記ガス状ラクチドを捕集するための捕集装置が連結されている請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記ベント室の上部壁には、該上部壁に沿って流れ落ちる還流液を受ける槽が前記第1のスクリュー搬送路とは区画して設けられている請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記ベント室の上部壁には、傾斜覗き窓が設けられている請求項5に記載の方法。
- 前記第2のスクリュー搬送路は、キャリヤ樹脂排出用押出機に連通している請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記戻し部材が、前記第1のスクリュー搬送路を延びている搬送スクリューと係合して設けられている落とし込み用スクリューである請求項2に記載の方法。
- スクリュー搬送路が延びているベント室を使用し、該スクリュー搬送路を利用してポリ乳酸と解重合触媒とキャリヤ樹脂とを含む溶融樹脂組成物を、減圧下に保持された前記ベント室内に導入し、該溶融樹脂組成物中に含まれるラクチドをガス化し、ガス状ラクチドを該ベント室から回収するラクチドの回収方法において、
スクリュー搬送路上には、前記ラクチドのガス化と共に生成する樹脂塊を該スクリュー搬送路に戻すための戻し部材が設けられていることを特徴とするラクチド回収方法。
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AU2016369134A AU2016369134B2 (en) | 2015-12-09 | 2016-12-07 | Method of Recovering Lactide |
CN201680072115.9A CN108368290B (zh) | 2015-12-09 | 2016-12-07 | 丙交酯的回收方法 |
EP16873003.4A EP3388478A4 (en) | 2015-12-09 | 2016-12-07 | PROCESS FOR COLLECTING LACTIDE |
US15/779,911 US10336882B2 (en) | 2015-12-09 | 2016-12-07 | Method of recovering lactide |
KR1020187017625A KR102081304B1 (ko) | 2015-12-09 | 2016-12-07 | 락티드를 회수하는 방법 |
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JP2016007553A JP6206514B2 (ja) | 2016-01-19 | 2016-01-19 | ラクチドを回収する方法 |
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US10336882B2 (en) | 2019-07-02 |
US20180346682A1 (en) | 2018-12-06 |
KR102081304B1 (ko) | 2020-02-25 |
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