WO2017098662A1

WO2017098662A1 - Hydrogen energy supply system for building, and method for controlling hydrogen energy supply system for building

Info

Publication number: WO2017098662A1
Application number: PCT/JP2015/084832
Authority: WO
Inventors: 好一河村; 正洋辻; 大田　裕之
Original assignee: 株式会社東芝
Priority date: 2015-12-11
Filing date: 2015-12-11
Publication date: 2017-06-15
Also published as: JPWO2017098662A1; JP6619446B2

Abstract

A hydrogen energy supply system for a building according to an embodiment of the present invention is equipped with: a hydrogen energy generation unit that uses stored hydrogen to generate power; a power supply unit capable of supplying, via a first route whereby power is supplied to the outside of the building and/or a second route whereby power is supplied to the interior of the building, the power supplied from the hydrogen energy generation unit; and a control unit that controls the power supplied by the power supply unit and that, when there is a power outage in the power grid, performs a control for beginning the supply of power via the first route, and/or performs a control for increasing the supply range of the supply of power via the first route.

Description

Hydrogen energy supply system for building and control method of hydrogen energy supply system for building

Embodiment of this invention is related with the hydrogen energy supply system for buildings.

Communities centers such as public halls and schools that generally serve as community shelters are generally used as evacuation facilities for current regional disaster prevention. In order to secure power at the community center's community shelter, it is being considered that large-scale facilities such as factories and the surrounding area will cooperate.

JP 2013-118722 A

The current evacuation facilities for community disaster prevention are based on community centers such as public halls and schools, and may not be sufficient to cover the area. For this reason, in order to use buildings, such as condominiums such as condominiums that are private facilities, as evacuation facilities, power is continuously supplied to the buildings even during a power outage of the power system, and surrounding facilities of the buildings, etc. In addition, it is desired that power be supplied from the building equipment.

The problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a hydrogen energy supply system for a building that can supply power to the outside of the building in the event of a power failure.

The hydrogen energy supply system for buildings according to the present embodiment includes a hydrogen energy generation unit that generates electric power using stored hydrogen, and electric power supplied from the hydrogen energy generation unit to the outside of the building. A power supply unit that can be supplied via at least one of a first route that supplies power to the interior of the building and a second route that supplies power to the interior of the building; and the power supply unit Is a control unit for controlling the power supplied by the control, and when the power system for supplying power to the inside of the building fails, the control for starting the power supply through the first route, and A control unit that performs at least one of the controls for increasing the power supply range in the first route.

The block diagram which shows the structure of the hydrogen energy supply system for buildings concerning this embodiment. The block diagram which shows the structure of a hydrogen energy production | generation part. The figure which shows the flowchart of the control action in a control part.

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

The hydrogen energy supply system for buildings according to the present embodiment performs control to start power supply via the first route for supplying power to the outside of the building when the power system fails. In the event of a power failure, power can be supplied to the outside of the building.

FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing a configuration of a building hydrogen energy supply system 1 according to the present embodiment. The hydrogen energy supply system 1 for a building is a hydrogen energy supply system for a building that can be installed within a building or a site within a predetermined distance from the building, for example, within several tens of meters from the building. That is, the building hydrogen energy supply system 1 includes a renewable energy power generation unit 100, a hydrogen energy generation unit 200, a storage battery 300, a power supply unit 400, and a control unit 500. . The building here is a housing complex such as an apartment.

The renewable energy power generation unit 100 is a power generation unit that generates power using renewable energy. That is, the renewable energy power generation unit 100 is a solar power generation device using sunlight, for example. Further, the renewable energy power generation unit 100 may be a wind power generator using wind power and a geothermal power generator using geothermal heat, or may be configured by combining these devices.

The hydrogen energy generation unit 200 generates electric power using the stored hydrogen. That is, the hydrogen energy generation unit 200 decomposes water into hydrogen using at least one of the electric power supplied from the power system 2, the renewable energy power generation unit 100, and the storage battery 300, and uses the decomposed hydrogen to generate electric power. Generate. In addition, the hydrogen energy generation unit 200 supplies warm water generated when generating electric power from hydrogen to the outside. The power system 2 (commercial power supply) here is a system that supplies power, for example, from an electric power company. Furthermore, the hydrogen energy generation unit 200 decomposes water into hydrogen using power supplied from the renewable energy power generation unit 100 and the storage battery 300 when the power system 2 fails.

The storage battery 300 stores at least one of the electric power supplied from the electric power system 2, the renewable energy power generation unit 100, and the hydrogen energy generation unit 200. The storage battery 300 can be, for example, a lithium ion secondary battery.

The power supply unit 400 supplies at least one of the power supplied from the renewable energy power generation unit 100, the hydrogen energy generation unit 200, and the storage battery 300 to the outside of the building and the building. The power supply unit 400 includes an inverter, and can supply power by converting direct current into alternating current.

In addition, the power supply unit 400 has at least one of a first route r1 for supplying power to the outside of the building, a second route r2 for supplying power to the building, and a third route r3. To supply power. Here, the first route r1 further branches into a plurality of routes. That is, it branches into the eleventh route r11 and the twelfth route r12. Further, the second route r2 is a route for supplying electric power to the electric device E2 in the shared part of the building, and the third route r3 is an electric device E3 in an individual occupied part different from the shared part of the building. It is a route to supply power to. Each of the first route r1, the second route r2, and the third route r3 is a power line different from a power line that supplies power supplied from the power system 2, that is, a dedicated power line. Note that the power line of the power system 2 may be shared.

The eleventh route r11 supplies power to the communication infrastructure device E11. The communication infrastructure device E11 includes a public wireless LAN base station, a Wi-Fi (registered trademark) base station, and the like. Further, the evacuation facility equipment E12 includes information equipment, lighting, signage used for presenting information to the public, and an outlet opened to the public. Further, the lighting may include lighting around the building in addition to the lighting in the evacuation facility.

The second route r2 supplies power to the water supply, the elevator, and the common part lighting, for example, the hallway lighting. The third route r3 supplies power to the outlets, information devices, and fluorescent lamps in the individual occupied portions. The elevator here is an elevator of a built-in storage battery, and is driven by using the generated power of the storage battery in the elevator for a sudden power demand.

Thus, it is possible to supply power to information equipment for the purpose of transmitting information to local residents by supplying power via the first route r1. In addition, since power is supplied to public facilities such as a simple mobile base station and a disaster prevention radio via the first route r1, it is possible to maintain a communication infrastructure even in the event of a disaster. By supplying power via the second route r2, it is possible to continuously perform nighttime lighting in the common area, water use in the living area, and elevator drive. The power supply via the third route r3 enables the use of emergency lighting and emergency outlets that are installed for emergency use, and charging information devices such as night lights and mobile phones and personal computers in residential areas be able to. Further, hot water is supplied from the hydrogen energy generation unit 200 to the evacuation facility via the water pipe W1 and to the common part via the water pipe W2. This hot water is supplied for applications such as showering.

The power supply unit 400 also independently supplies the power supplied from the renewable energy power generation unit 100, the hydrogen energy generation unit 200, and the storage battery 300 to the first route r1, the second route r2, and the third route r3. Can be supplied. For example, the power generated by the renewable energy power generation unit 100 is supplied to each of the first route r1 and the second route r2, and the power generated by the storage battery 300 is supplied only to the second route r2, thereby generating hydrogen energy. The power generated by the unit 200 can be supplied to each of the first route r1, the second route r2, and the third route r3.

The controller 500 is configured to control each device constituting the building hydrogen energy supply system 1. The control unit 500 includes an arithmetic unit and a memory (not shown), and the arithmetic unit performs arithmetic processing using a program stored in the memory, thereby controlling each device. That is, when the power system 2 has a power failure, the control unit 500 performs control different from that before the power failure occurs, at least among the renewable energy power generation unit 100, the hydrogen energy generation unit 200, the storage battery 300, and the power supply unit 400. Do for either.

The data measured by the measuring device of each device is input to the control unit 500 as a data signal. In addition, the amount of power used in the eleventh route r11, the twelfth route r12, the second route r2, and the third route r3 is input to the control unit 500 as a data signal. The control unit 500 stores the amount of power supplied from the power system 2, the amount of power supplied from the renewable energy power generation unit 100, the amount of power output from the hydrogen energy generation unit 200, and the hydrogen energy generation unit 200. Data such as the amount of stored hydrogen and the amount of electricity stored in the storage battery 300 are input as data signals. And the control part 500 calculates based on the input data signal, and outputs a control signal to each apparatus of the hydrogen energy supply system 1 for structures. In this manner, the control unit 500 controls each device of the building hydrogen energy supply system 1.

The control unit 500 includes, for example, a hydrogen EMS (EMS: “Energy Management Management System”). In normal times, the hydrogen EMS performs appropriate distribution of electric power from the hydrogen energy generation unit 200. Here, the normal state means a state in which power is supplied from the power system 2 to at least the electric devices E2 and E3. For example, during normal times, the control unit 500 controls the power supply unit 400 to supply power via the second and third routes r2 and r3. In this case, hydrogen EMS is used to supply power while maintaining the amount of hydrogen stored necessary in the event of a disaster, and stable power supply using hydrogen is performed in a building, that is, an apartment house.

Further, in normal times, the control unit 500 supplies the power supplied from each device based on the amount of power supplied from the renewable energy power generation unit 100, the hydrogen energy generation unit 200, and the storage battery 300, and the like. Supply via routes r2 and r3.

On the other hand, power may not be supplied from the power system 2 in the event of a power outage due to a disaster or the like. In such an emergency, for example, the control unit 500 supplies power from the hydrogen energy generation unit 200 via the first route r1 in addition to the second and third routes r2 and r3. To control. In this case, the control unit 500 performs capacity limitation on the amount of power supplied via the second route r2. Thereby, in an emergency, it is possible to supply power to facilities around the building, and it is possible to suppress power consumption of a device with high power consumption. In an emergency, the control unit 500 restricts the route for supplying power from the storage battery 300. For example, by controlling the power supply unit 400 so as to supply power only to the second route r2, it is possible to more efficiently supplement power supply to a water supply pump or the like that consumes more power when driven. It becomes possible.

Also, the control unit 500 can directly charge the storage battery 300 with the power supplied from the renewable energy power generation unit 100. For example, when the storage amount of the storage battery 300 falls below a predetermined value, power is preferentially supplied to the storage battery 300. Thereby, it is possible to give priority to the power supply to the equipment required for maintaining the lives of residents in the building such as a water supply pump.

The control unit 500 can control each device based on the time. In an emergency, for example, capacity limitation of the amount of electric power is performed via the second route r2 during the daytime when the amount of hydrogen used is larger. Thereby, power supply to a water supply pump etc. can be restrict | limited to the night time zone with little hydrogen usage. In this case, the storage battery built-in elevator that receives power supply from the second route r2 also charges the storage battery with power at night. As described above, the control unit 500 performs scheduling control for limiting the capacity of power supplied from the first, second, and third routes r1, r2, and r3 according to the time zone based on the time.

Furthermore, the control unit 500 determines the capacity of power supplied from the first, second, and third routes r1, r2, and r3 based on the output amount of power output from the renewable energy power generation unit 100. It is possible to control. For example, when the electric power output from the renewable energy power generation unit 100 exceeds a predetermined value, the weather is fine and there is a margin in electric power. Release the capacity limit of power via r2. In this case, it is possible to supply power to a water supply pump or the like even in the daytime.

Incidentally, the control unit 500 determines whether it is a normal time or an emergency time. That is, the control unit 500 determines whether it is a normal time or an emergency time by detecting the supply amount of power supplied from the power system 2.

FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing a configuration of the hydrogen energy generation unit 200. The hydrogen energy generation unit 200 includes a water electrolysis unit 202, a storage container 204, and a fuel cell 206.

The water electrolysis unit 202 produces hydrogen by electrolyzing water using power supplied from at least one of the power system 2, the renewable energy power generation unit 100, and the storage battery 300. The storage container 204 stores the hydrogen produced by the water electrolysis unit 202. The fuel cell 206 generates power using hydrogen stored in the storage container 204.

Next, an example of the control operation of the control unit 500 will be described. Here, an example of a control operation in the case where a power failure occurs in the power system 2 and the amount of hydrogen stored in the storage container 204 gradually decreases when power is supplied through the second route r2 in normal times. explain.

FIG. 3 is a diagram showing a flowchart of the control operation in the control unit 500. For example, until a power failure occurs in the power system 2 due to a disaster such as an earthquake, the hydrogen energy supply system 1 for buildings is operated normally (step S302). That is, the control unit 500 causes the hydrogen energy generation unit 200 to generate electricity and hot water, and generate and store hydrogen. In this case, the amount of hydrogen exceeding a predetermined amount is stored in the storage container 204 in case of a disaster or the like. On the other hand, when the amount of hydrogen more than a predetermined amount is stored in the storage container 204, power is generated using surplus hydrogen, and electric power is supplied via the second route r2. Thereby, electric power is more appropriately distributed, and it is possible to perform peak shift of electric power.

The control unit 500 determines whether a power failure has occurred in the power system 2 (step S304). That is, the control unit 500 detects the power of the power system 2 and determines whether or not a power failure has occurred based on the detected power. When a power failure has not occurred (step S304: No), the processing from S302 is repeated to perform normal operation.

On the other hand, when a power failure occurs (step S304: Yes), the supply of power through the first route is started (step S306). In this case, power supply via the eleventh route r11 is first started, and information can be provided immediately. Subsequently, after a predetermined time, for example, 30 minutes elapses, power is also supplied to other electrical devices in the twelfth route r12. As a result, information can be provided immediately and power can be supplied in accordance with the timing at which a person evacuates to a shelter. Subsequently, supply of hot water generated by the hydrogen energy generation unit 200 is started via the water pipes W1 and W2.

Moreover, electric power may be supplied to the lamps in the building site from the normal time through the twelfth route r12. In this case, the control unit 500 controls the power supply unit 400 to increase the range in which power is supplied in the first route r1 from the twelfth route r12 to the eleventh route r11.

Also, power supply restriction 1 through the second route is performed (step S308). That is, the capacity is limited to supply the amount of power through the second route in the daytime time zone. Further, as the amount of power generated by the renewable energy power generation unit 100 increases, the power supply restriction via the second route may be relaxed. That is, when the amount of sunshine during the day is large, that is, when the amount of power generated by the renewable energy power generation unit 100 exceeds a predetermined value, the capacity limitation of power via the second route may be relaxed. Furthermore, power supply via the third route is started (step S310).

Next, the control unit 500 determines whether the hydrogen storage amount of the storage container 204 has become less than the predetermined value Th1 (step S312). That is, the control unit 500 detects the hydrogen amount in the storage container 204, and determines whether the hydrogen storage amount is less than the predetermined value Th1 based on the detected hydrogen amount. When it is not less than Th1 (step S312: No), the processes of steps S306, S308, and S310 are repeated. The predetermined value here has a relationship of Th1> Th2> Th3.

On the other hand, when it becomes less than Th1 (step S312: Yes), control to stop the power supply through the eleventh route r11 is performed (step S314). In addition, power supply restriction 2 via the second route is performed (step S316). That is, the power supply via the second route is limited to a limited time zone at night. That is, the supply time of power to the elevator and the water supply pump via the second route is further shortened. Furthermore, power supply is restricted via the third route (step S318). In this case, the control unit 500 performs power supply restriction based on the time. For this reason, when the storage amount of hydrogen is reduced to less than Th1, it is possible to give priority to the power supply to the equipment necessary for maintaining the lives of the residents of the building.

Next, the control unit 500 determines whether the hydrogen storage amount of the storage container 204 has become less than the predetermined value Th2 (step S320). When it is not less than Th2 (step S320: No), the processes of steps S314, S316, and S318 are repeated.

On the other hand, when it becomes less than Th2 (step S320: Yes), control is also performed to stop the power supply amount via the twelfth route r12 (step S322). In addition, power supply restriction 3 through the second route is performed (step S324). In this case, all power supply to other than the water supply pump is stopped, and control for further reducing the usage time of the water supply pump is performed. Furthermore, the supply of power through the third route is stopped (step S326). For this reason, when the amount of stored hydrogen is reduced to less than Th2, it is possible to further prioritize the power supply to the equipment necessary for maintaining the lives of the residents in the building.

Next, the control unit 500 determines whether the hydrogen storage amount of the storage container 204 has become less than the predetermined value Th3 (step S328). When it is not less than Th3 (step S328: No), the processes of steps S322, S324, and S326 are repeated. On the other hand, when it becomes less than Th3 (step S328: Yes), the entire control operation is terminated.

As described above, the control unit 500 includes at least one of the control for starting the power supply through the first route and the control for increasing the power supply range in the first route when the power system 2 fails. Do one. As a result, during normal times, the building hydrogen energy supply system 1 supplies power as power used by the residents of the building, and in an emergency, it can also supply power to facilities around the building.

In addition, the control unit 500 performs limited capacity supply to supply the amount of power via the second route when a power failure occurs. Thereby, it is possible to suppress the power consumption of a device having a high power consumption, and the hydrogen stored in the storage container 204 can be used for a longer period of time. Furthermore, the control unit 500 determines the power supply state via the first route, the power supply state via the second route, and the power via the third route according to the hydrogen storage amount. It was decided to change the supply state. Thereby, it is possible to use an apparatus with high importance in maintaining the lives of residents for a longer period.

Further, based on the time, the controller 500 supplies power via the first route, supplies power via the second route, and supplies power via the third route. Was decided to change. That is, the control unit 500 performs the time for performing the capacity restriction of the power capacity via the first route, the time for performing the capacity restriction of the power capacity via the second route, and the power capacity via the third route. The time for performing the capacity limitation is limited. This allows the stored hydrogen to be used for a longer period. As can be seen from the above, the hydrogen energy supply system 1 for buildings provides power and hot water to the residents of a building, that is, an apartment house such as a condominium, and neighboring residents in the event of a power outage in a disaster or the like. So that the building can serve as a shelter.

Although an example of the control operation has been described, it is presented only as an example, and various other control operations can be performed.

As described above, according to the hydrogen energy supply system 1 for buildings according to the present embodiment, when the power system 2 fails, the control unit 500 starts power supply via the first route r1. , And control for increasing the power supply range in the first route r <b> 1 is performed on the power supply unit 400. Thereby, at the time of a power failure of the electric power system 2, electric power can be supplied with respect to the wider range outside the building. Furthermore, even when the power system 2 is stopped, the water electrolysis unit 202 generates hydrogen using the power generated by the renewable energy power generation unit 100, and restricts the power supply via the second route r2. As a result, power can be supplied over a longer period.

According to at least one embodiment described above, power can be supplied to the outside of the building during a power failure.

Although one embodiment has been described above, this embodiment is presented only as an example, and is not intended to limit the scope of the invention. The novel system described herein can be implemented in various other forms. Various omissions, substitutions, and changes can be made to the system configuration described in the present specification without departing from the gist of the invention. The appended claims and their equivalents are intended to include such forms and modifications as fall within the scope and spirit of the invention.

Claims

A hydrogen energy generator that generates electricity using stored hydrogen; and
At least one of a first route for supplying electric power to the outside of the building and a second route for supplying electric power to the inside of the building. A power supply unit that can be supplied via
It is a control part which controls the electric power which the electric power supply part supplies, Comprising: When the electric power system which supplies electric power to the inside of the building carries out a power failure, the electric power supply via the 1st route is started A control unit that performs at least one of control and control for increasing a power supply range in the first route;
Hydrogen energy supply system for buildings with
2. The hydrogen energy supply system for buildings according to claim 1, wherein the control unit performs control to limit power supply via the second route when the power failure occurs.
The control unit performs at least one of power supply via the first route and power supply via the second route according to at least one of the storage amount and time of the hydrogen. The hydrogen energy supply system for buildings according to claim 1 or 2 to be changed.
The power supply unit is further capable of supplying power via a third route that is different from the second route and supplies power to the inside of the building.
The hydrogen energy supply for buildings according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the control unit changes the power supply before and after the blackout to the power supply via the third route before the blackout. system.
The first route is a route for supplying power to at least one of a signage, an illumination lamp, an outlet, and a wireless LAN base station,
The second route is a route for supplying power to at least one of a water supply device, an elevator, and an illumination lamp of a common part,
5. The hydrogen energy supply system for buildings according to claim 4, wherein the third route is a route for supplying electric power to at least one of an outlet and an illuminating lamp in an individual occupied portion.
It further comprises a renewable energy power generation unit that generates power using renewable energy,
The hydrogen energy generation unit can be installed in the building or within a predetermined distance from the building,
A water electrolysis unit that generates hydrogen using power generated by the renewable energy power generation unit in the event of a power failure in the power system, a storage unit that stores the hydrogen, and electricity generated by the hydrogen stored in the storage unit A hydrogen energy supply system for buildings according to any one of claims 1 to 5, comprising a fuel cell.
A hydrogen energy generator that generates electricity using stored hydrogen; and
At least one of a first route for supplying electric power to the outside of the building and a second route for supplying electric power to the inside of the building. A power supply unit that can be supplied via
In the control method of the hydrogen energy supply system for buildings provided with a control unit for controlling the power supplied by the power supply unit,
Control of starting power supply through the first route and control of increasing the power supply range in the first route when a power system that supplies power to the interior of the building fails A method for controlling a hydrogen energy supply system for a building that performs at least one of them.