WO2017095296A1 - A method for gear shifting in a gearbox, a gearbox and a vehicle - Google Patents

A method for gear shifting in a gearbox, a gearbox and a vehicle Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2017095296A1
WO2017095296A1 PCT/SE2016/051108 SE2016051108W WO2017095296A1 WO 2017095296 A1 WO2017095296 A1 WO 2017095296A1 SE 2016051108 W SE2016051108 W SE 2016051108W WO 2017095296 A1 WO2017095296 A1 WO 2017095296A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
gearbox
planetary gear
shaft
gearwheel
coupling element
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/SE2016/051108
Other languages
French (fr)
Inventor
Tomas Selling
Peer Norberg
Original Assignee
Scania Cv Ab
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Scania Cv Ab filed Critical Scania Cv Ab
Priority to DE112016005065.8T priority Critical patent/DE112016005065T5/en
Publication of WO2017095296A1 publication Critical patent/WO2017095296A1/en

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H61/00—Control functions within control units of change-speed- or reversing-gearings for conveying rotary motion ; Control of exclusively fluid gearing, friction gearing, gearings with endless flexible members or other particular types of gearing
    • F16H61/70—Control functions within control units of change-speed- or reversing-gearings for conveying rotary motion ; Control of exclusively fluid gearing, friction gearing, gearings with endless flexible members or other particular types of gearing specially adapted for change-speed gearing in group arrangement, i.e. with separate change-speed gear trains arranged in series, e.g. range or overdrive-type gearing arrangements
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H61/00—Control functions within control units of change-speed- or reversing-gearings for conveying rotary motion ; Control of exclusively fluid gearing, friction gearing, gearings with endless flexible members or other particular types of gearing
    • F16H61/70—Control functions within control units of change-speed- or reversing-gearings for conveying rotary motion ; Control of exclusively fluid gearing, friction gearing, gearings with endless flexible members or other particular types of gearing specially adapted for change-speed gearing in group arrangement, i.e. with separate change-speed gear trains arranged in series, e.g. range or overdrive-type gearing arrangements
    • F16H61/702—Control functions within control units of change-speed- or reversing-gearings for conveying rotary motion ; Control of exclusively fluid gearing, friction gearing, gearings with endless flexible members or other particular types of gearing specially adapted for change-speed gearing in group arrangement, i.e. with separate change-speed gear trains arranged in series, e.g. range or overdrive-type gearing arrangements using electric or electrohydraulic control means
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K1/00—Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units
    • B60K1/02—Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units comprising more than one electric motor
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/22—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
    • B60K6/36—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the transmission gearings
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/22—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
    • B60K6/36—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the transmission gearings
    • B60K6/365—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the transmission gearings with the gears having orbital motion
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/22—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
    • B60K6/38—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the driveline clutches
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/22—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
    • B60K6/38—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the driveline clutches
    • B60K6/387—Actuated clutches, i.e. clutches engaged or disengaged by electric, hydraulic or mechanical actuating means
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/42—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by the architecture of the hybrid electric vehicle
    • B60K6/44—Series-parallel type
    • B60K6/445—Differential gearing distribution type
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/50—Architecture of the driveline characterised by arrangement or kind of transmission units
    • B60K6/54—Transmission for changing ratio
    • B60K6/547—Transmission for changing ratio the transmission being a stepped gearing
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
    • B60W10/00—Conjoint control of vehicle sub-units of different type or different function
    • B60W10/04—Conjoint control of vehicle sub-units of different type or different function including control of propulsion units
    • B60W10/08—Conjoint control of vehicle sub-units of different type or different function including control of propulsion units including control of electric propulsion units, e.g. motors or generators
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
    • B60W10/00—Conjoint control of vehicle sub-units of different type or different function
    • B60W10/10—Conjoint control of vehicle sub-units of different type or different function including control of change-speed gearings
    • B60W10/11—Stepped gearings
    • B60W10/111—Stepped gearings with separate change-speed gear trains arranged in series
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
    • B60W20/00—Control systems specially adapted for hybrid vehicles
    • B60W20/30—Control strategies involving selection of transmission gear ratio
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
    • B60W30/00—Purposes of road vehicle drive control systems not related to the control of a particular sub-unit, e.g. of systems using conjoint control of vehicle sub-units
    • B60W30/18—Propelling the vehicle
    • B60W30/19—Improvement of gear change, e.g. by synchronisation or smoothing gear shift
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H61/00—Control functions within control units of change-speed- or reversing-gearings for conveying rotary motion ; Control of exclusively fluid gearing, friction gearing, gearings with endless flexible members or other particular types of gearing
    • F16H61/04—Smoothing ratio shift
    • F16H61/0403—Synchronisation before shifting
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
    • B60W2710/00—Output or target parameters relating to a particular sub-units
    • B60W2710/10—Change speed gearings
    • B60W2710/1061—Output power
    • B60W2710/1066—Transmission of zero torque
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H61/00—Control functions within control units of change-speed- or reversing-gearings for conveying rotary motion ; Control of exclusively fluid gearing, friction gearing, gearings with endless flexible members or other particular types of gearing
    • F16H61/04—Smoothing ratio shift
    • F16H61/0403—Synchronisation before shifting
    • F16H2061/0422—Synchronisation before shifting by an electric machine, e.g. by accelerating or braking the input shaft
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H2200/00—Transmissions for multiple ratios
    • F16H2200/20—Transmissions using gears with orbital motion
    • F16H2200/203—Transmissions using gears with orbital motion characterised by the engaging friction means not of the freewheel type, e.g. friction clutches or brakes
    • F16H2200/2064—Transmissions using gears with orbital motion characterised by the engaging friction means not of the freewheel type, e.g. friction clutches or brakes using at least one positive clutch, e.g. dog clutch
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H2200/00—Transmissions for multiple ratios
    • F16H2200/20—Transmissions using gears with orbital motion
    • F16H2200/2094—Transmissions using gears with orbital motion using positive clutches, e.g. dog clutches
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H3/00—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion
    • F16H3/44—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion using gears having orbital motion
    • F16H3/46—Gearings having only two central gears, connected by orbital gears
    • F16H3/48—Gearings having only two central gears, connected by orbital gears with single orbital gears or pairs of rigidly-connected orbital gears
    • F16H3/52—Gearings having only two central gears, connected by orbital gears with single orbital gears or pairs of rigidly-connected orbital gears comprising orbital spur gears
    • F16H3/54—Gearings having only two central gears, connected by orbital gears with single orbital gears or pairs of rigidly-connected orbital gears comprising orbital spur gears one of the central gears being internally toothed and the other externally toothed
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H37/00—Combinations of mechanical gearings, not provided for in groups F16H1/00 - F16H35/00
    • F16H37/02—Combinations of mechanical gearings, not provided for in groups F16H1/00 - F16H35/00 comprising essentially only toothed or friction gearings
    • F16H37/04—Combinations of toothed gearings only
    • F16H37/042—Combinations of toothed gearings only change gear transmissions in group arrangement
    • F16H37/046—Combinations of toothed gearings only change gear transmissions in group arrangement with an additional planetary gear train, e.g. creep gear, overdrive
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/62—Hybrid vehicles

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for gear shifting in a gearbox according to the preamble of patent claim 1 .
  • the invention also relates to a gearbox according to the preamble of patent claim 15, which is controlled by means of such a method.
  • the invention also relates to a vehicle according to the preamble of patent claim 16, which comprises such a gearbox.
  • gearbox connected to the combustion engine, which gearbox may be automatic, manual or a combination thereof.
  • a so-called AMT gearbox the gearbox is controlled by an elec- tronic control device.
  • Such a gearbox may be equipped with a main gearbox device provided with a main shaft.
  • a lay shaft is arranged in parallel to the main shaft.
  • the main shaft is connectible to an input shaft via the lay shaft and to an output shaft in the gearbox via a range gearbox device, if such a range gearbox device is integrated in the gearbox.
  • the range gearbox device may constitute a separate device instead of being integrated in the gearbox.
  • the gearbox may also be equipped with a split gear device, arranged between the input shaft and the lay shaft.
  • an electrical machine may be arranged between the combustion engine and the gearbox.
  • the combustion engine can together with the electrical machine de- liver power to the vehicle as a hybride drive or as an alternative may one of the combustion engine or the electrical machine deliver power to the vehicle.
  • a brake mechanism may be arranged to retard the lay shaft in connection with change of gears in the gearbox, in order to achieve synchronous rotational speeds between the lay shaft and the main shaft, so that the new gear may be engaged without any difference in rotation speed existing between those transmission parts in the gearbox which are brought to engage with each other at the moment the new gear is engaged.
  • the brake mechanism is thus used to retard the lay shaft in relation to the main shaft at a stage during a shifting operation when the main gearbox is in the neutral position, while the lay shaft is disconnected from the main shaft.
  • the synchronization devices comprising conical synchronization rings and coupling rings
  • the coupling sleeves provided with splines, which are displaced axially in order to engage with gearwheels placed on the main shaft.
  • Each gearwheel placed on the main shaft is en- gaged with corresponding gearwheel elements, which are firmly attached to the lay shaft.
  • the coupling sleeve is displaced axially in order to engage with coupling teeth arranged on a selectable gearwheel, in order to connect the gearwheel to, and rotation lock it, on the main shaft.
  • the synchronization device in the split gearbox device and in the range gearbox device may also be replaced by coupling sleeves.
  • the range gearbox device is usually provided between the main gearbox device and a propeller shaft coupled to the drive wheels of the vehicle.
  • the range gearbox device is accommodated in a gearbox housing and comprises an in- put shaft coupled to the main gearbox device, an output shaft and between the input shaft and the output shaft is a planetary gear of the range gearbox device disposed.
  • the planetary gear usually comprises three components, which are rotatable arranged relative to each other namely a sun gear, a planet carrier with planet gears and a ring gear. With knowledge of the number of teeth of the sun gear and the ring gear the relative speed of the three components can be determined during operation.
  • the sun gear can be rotatable connected to the input shaft, a number of planet gears which engage said sun gear, which planet gears are rotatable mounted on the planet carrier which is fixedly connected to the output shaft, and an axially displacea- ble ring gear which surrounds and engages the planet gears.
  • the teeth of the sun gear, planet gears and ring gear can be helical, that is, they have an angle to a common rotation axis of the sun gear, planet carrier and ring gear.
  • the synchronization devices are replaced with coupling sleeves provided with splines.
  • the torque balance is a condition where a torque acting on the ring gear, corresponding to the product of the torque acting on the planet carrier and the gear ratio of the planetary gear while a torque acts on the sun gear, corre- sponding to the product of the torque acting on the planet carrier and (1 - the gear ratio of the planetary gear).
  • the coupling sleeve transmits no torque between the planetary gear elements when torque balance occurs.
  • the coupling sleeve can be easily displaced and the planetary gear components released.
  • Document DE102008001650 relates to a powertrain provided with an internal combustion engine, a main gear and an auxiliary transmission such as a range gear provided with a planetary gear, arranged downstream to the main gear.
  • the range gear is coupled to an electric machine, such as an electrical motor or generator, which may be used for synchronizing gears and shafts when shifting gears.
  • Document WO2012084331 relates to a transmission comprising a main gear- box and a rear mounted range gearbox connected downstream of the main gearbox and designed as a planetary gear. An electric machine is connected to a further planetary gear downstream the main gearbox.
  • the object of the invention is thus to provide a method for gear shifting in a gearbox of the type defined in the introduction, which makes it possible to shift gears in a gearbox with the use of a small amount of energy.
  • Another object of the invention is to provide a method, which makes it possible to shift gears in a gearbox within a short period of time.
  • the method according to the invention comprises the following steps of:
  • a method for gear shifting in a gearbox is achieved, which makes it possible to shift gears with the use of a small amount of energy. Also, the method makes it possible to shift gears in a gearbox within a short period of time.
  • the shifting of gears in the gearbox can be performed using a small amount of energy. Also, shifting gears can be made within a short period of time when all the rotatable components in the gearbox are in a standstill condition.
  • the torque transmitting elements which are connected to the input shaft are according to an embodiment of the invention a lay shaft, a main shaft and gearwheels arranged on these shafts.
  • the rotatable components in a range gearbox device are torque transmitting elements which are connected to the input shaft. However, the torque transmitting elements which are connected to the input shaft depend on the type of gearbox used in the powertrain.
  • the method in step e) comprises: accelerating the first and/or the second electrical machine in order to synchronize the speed between an internal combustion engine and the input shaft and engaging the internal combustion engine and the first planetary gear by means of the second coupling element.
  • a gear has been shifted in the gearbox the input shaft and a main shaft in the gearbox are accelerated from the standstill condition, so that the input shaft reaches the same speed as the speed of the internal combustion engine.
  • a transmission shaft arranged between the first planetary gear and the internal combustion engine is connected to the internal combustion engine.
  • the method comprises the step g) controlling the first and/or the second electrical machine to synchronize the speed between the gearbox and the propeller shaft and engaging the gearbox and the propeller shaft by means of the third coupling element.
  • controlling the first and/or the second electrical machine to synchronize the speed between the gearbox and the propeller shaft and engaging the gearbox and the propeller shaft by means of the third coupling element comprises: controlling the first and/or the second electrical machine to synchronize the speed between the gearbox and the propeller shaft and engaging the gearbox and the propeller shaft by means of the third coupling element.
  • the method comprises the step g) adjusting the speed of the first and/or the second electrical machine and/or of the internal combustion engine in order to synchronize the speed between the internal combustion engine and the input shaft and engaging the internal combustion engine and the first planetary gear by means of the second coupling element.
  • a transmission shaft arranged between the first planetary gear and the internal combustion engine is connected to the internal combus- tion engine.
  • the method in step e) comprises: accelerating the first and/or the second electrical machine in order to synchronize the speed between the internal combustion engine and the input shaft and engaging the internal combustion engine and the first planetary gear by means of the second coupling element and the gearbox and the propeller shaft by means of the third coupling element at essentially the same time.
  • This embodiment may be performed only if the internal combustion engine has reached a speed which corresponds to the speed of the input shaft when the gearbox has the same speed as the propeller shaft.
  • Such connection of the one hand the internal combustion engine and the input shaft and on the other hand the gearbox and the propeller shaft can be made within a short pe- riod of time using a small amount of energy.
  • the invention also relates to a computer program and a computer program product for performing the method according to the invention.
  • Fig. 1 shows schematically a vehicle in a side view, provided with a gearbox shifted by the method according to the invention
  • Fig. 2 shows schematically a sectional view of a powertrain with the gearbox, which is shifted by the method according to the invention
  • Fig. 3 shows a flow chart of the method for shifting the gearbox according to the invention.
  • Fig. 1 shows schematically a side view of a vehicle 1 , e.g. a truck, with a powertrain 2 provided with a gearbox 6 shifted by the method according to the invention.
  • the powertrain 2 comprises also an internal combustion engine 4, which is connected to the gearbox 6, and the gearbox 6 is further connected to driving wheels 8 of the vehicle 1 via a propeller shaft 10.
  • Fig. 2 shows schematically a sectional view of the powertrain 2 with the gear- box 6, which is shifted by the method according to the invention.
  • the gearbox 6 is provided with a split gearbox device 12, a main gearbox device 14 and a range gearbox device 16.
  • the split gearbox device 12 comprises an input gearwheel 30e rotatable arranged on an input shaft 18 and a split gearwheel 30d rotatable arranged on a main shaft 20.
  • the main gearbox device 14 com- prises at least a first and a second main gearwheel 30a-30c rotatable arranged on the main shaft 20.
  • the range gearbox device 16 is connected to the main shaft 20 and to the propeller shaft 10. However, the split gearbox device 12 can be excluded in the gearbox 6.
  • the gearbox 6 is also provided with a lay shaft 22 which comprises gearwheel elements 32a-32e, which are engaged with the input gearwheel 30e and the split gearwheel 30d and the main gearwheels 30a-30c, respective.
  • a first planetary gear 24 is connected to the input shaft 18.
  • the first planetary gear 24 comprises a first ring gearwheel 26, a first sun gearwheel 28 and a first planet carrier 34, on which at least one first planet gearwheel 36 is rotata- ble mounted.
  • the first planet carrier 34 is connected to the input shaft 18.
  • the first sun gearwheel 28 and the first planet carrier 34 may be engaged to each other by means of a first coupling element 38.
  • the first coupling element 38 comprises preferably a first axially movable sleeve 40, which is equipped inter- nally with splines 42.
  • the first axially movable sleeve 40 is displaced axially in order to be brought into engagement with a transmission shaft 19 and the first planet carrier 34.
  • the transmission shaft 19 is connected to the first sun gearwheel 28.
  • the axial displacement of the first axially movable sleeve 40 is provided with a shift fork 44 arranged in an outside circumferential groove 46 in the first axially movable sleeve 40.
  • the shift fork 44 is influenced by a power means 48.
  • the power means 48 may be a pneumatic, hydraulic or electric cylinder.
  • First and second electrical machines 50, 52 are arranged to rotate and brake the first planetary gear 24.
  • the first electrical machine 50 is arranged at the first sun gearwheel 28 and the second electrical machine 52 is arranged at the first ring gearwheel 26.
  • the powertrain 2 may be provided with the internal combustion engine 4.
  • first and second electrical machines 50, 52 may be designed to provide enough power and torque to the driving wheels 8 for propulsion of the vehicle 1 .
  • Power to the first and second electrical machines 50, 52 may be provided from an energy storage 60 such as an electrochemical energy storage arranged in the vehicle 1 or from an external energy storage such as wires or other electrical conducting means (not disclosed) in the environment where the vehicle 1 is used.
  • the internal combustion engine 4 may be connected to the first sun gearwheel 28 of the first planetary gear 24 by means of a second coupling element 54.
  • the second coupling element 54 comprises preferably a second axially mova- ble sleeve 56, which is equipped internally with splines 42.
  • the second axially movable sleeve 56 is displaced axially in order to be brought into engagement with the transmission shaft 19 and a crank shaft 21 of the internal combustion engine 4.
  • a brake mechanism 58 may be connected to the lay shaft 22 for retarding the lay shaft 22 when changing of gears in the gearbox 6.
  • the electrical machines 50, 52 may generate driving torque or brake torque on the input shaft 18.
  • the electrical machines 50, 52 are in fig. 2 connected to the energy storage 60 which delivers electrical power to the electrical machines 50, 52 or receives electrical power from the electrical machines 50, 52 when the electrical machines 50, 52 generate brake torque on the input shaft 18.
  • the main gearbox device 14 comprises operating main gear sleeves 62a, 62b, which are equipped internally with splines 42. Each main gear sleeve 62a, 62b is displaced axially in order to be brought into engagement with the main gearwheels 30a-30c and the split gearwheel 30d placed on the main shaft 20. The main gearwheels 30a-30c and the split gearwheel 30d are free to rotate in relation to the main shaft 20 when the main gear sleeves 62a, 62b disengage the main gearwheels 30a-30c and the split gearwheel 30d from the main shaft 20. Each main gearwheel 30a-30c, placed on the main shaft 20, is engaged with corresponding gearwheel elements 32a-32c, which are fixed to the lay shaft 22.
  • the operating main gear sleeve 62a, 62b is displaced ax- ially from a disengaged position to an engaged position in order to engage with splines 42 arranged on a selectable main gearwheel 30a-30c and the split gearwheel 30d in order to connect the gearwheel 30a-30c and the split gear- wheel 30d to, and rotation lock it, on the main shaft 20.
  • the axial- ly displaceable main gear sleeves 62a, 62b may also be brought into engagement with the main gearwheels 30a-30c and the split gearwheel 30d by means of synchronization means (not disclosed).
  • the split gear box device 12 comprises an axially displaceable split gear sleeve 64, which is equipped internally with splines 42.
  • the axially displaceable split gear sleeve 64 is displaced axially in order to be brought into engagement with the input gearwheel 30e and the split gearwheel 30d, placed on the input shaft 18 and the main shaft 20, respective.
  • the gearwheels 30d, 30e are free to rotate in relation to the input shaft 18 and the main shaft 20 when the axially displaceable split gear sleeve 64 disengages the gearwheels 30d, 30e from the input shaft 18 and the main shaft 20, respective.
  • the axially displaceable main gear sleeve 62b must disengage the gearwheel 30d from the main shaft 20.
  • the gearwheels 30d, 30e, placed on the input shaft 18 and the main shaft 20, are engaged with corresponding gearwheel elements 32d, 32e, which are fixed to the lay shaft 22.
  • the axially displaceable split gear sleeve 64 is displaced axially from a disengaged position to an engaged position in order to engage with splines 42 arranged on a selectable gearwheel 30d, 30e in order to connect the input gearwheel 30e split gearwheel 30d to, and rotation lock it, on the input shaft 18 and the main shaft 20, respective.
  • the axially displaceable split gear sleeve 64 may also be brought into engagement with the input gearwheel 30e and the split gearwheel 30d by means of a synchronization arrangement (not disclosed). How- ever, preferably the electrical machines 50, 52, the internal combustion engine 4 and the brake mechanism 58 connected to the lay shaft 22 are used to synchronize the gearbox 6 when shifting gears.
  • the axially displaceable main gear sleeve 62b may also be used to be brought into engagement with the split gear wheel 30d when the split gear wheel 30d is engaged with the input shaft 18 by means of the axially displaceable split gear sleeve 64.
  • a direct connection between the input shaft 18 and the main shaft 20 is achieved, wherein the gear ratio in the split and main gearbox devices is 1 :1 .
  • the range gearbox device 16 comprises a second planetary gear 66 which has a low and a high gear, so that the shifting capability of the gearbox 6 can be divided into a low range gear position and a high range gear position.
  • a downshift takes place in the second planetary gear 66.
  • the gear ratio is 1 :1 in the second planetary gear 66.
  • Fig. 2 shows the range gearbox device 16 in the first gear position, corresponding to the low range gear position.
  • the range gearbox device 16 is accommodated in a gearbox housing 68, which surrounds the gearbox 6, and is connected to the main shaft 20 of the main gearbox device 14.
  • the second planetary gear 66 comprises three main components which are rotatable arranged in relation to each other, namely a second sun gearwheel 70, a second planet carrier 72 and a second ring gearwheel 74.
  • a number of second planet gearwheels 78 are rotatable arranged on the second planet carrier 72. With knowledge of the number of teeth 76 of second sun gearwheel 70 and the second ring gearwheel 74, the relative gear ratio of the three components can be determined.
  • the second sun gearwheel 70 is connected to the main shaft 20, which extends out of the main gearbox device 14.
  • the second planet gearwheels 78 engage the second sun gearwheel 70.
  • the second ring gearwheel 74 surrounds and engages the second planet gearwheels 78.
  • a third coupling element 80 comprising a third axially displaceable coupling sleeve 82 is arranged to connect and disconnect the second planet carrier 72 to and from an output shaft 84 of the range gearbox device 16.
  • the output shaft 84 is coupled to the propeller shaft 10 of the vehicle 1 .
  • a fourth coupling element 86 comprising a fourth axially displaceable coupling sleeve 88 is in a first gear position arranged to connect the gearbox housing 68 with the second ring gearwheel 74 and in a second gear position arranged to disconnect the gearbox housing 68 from the second ring gearwheel 74.
  • the fourth axially displaceable coupling sleeve 88 is in the first gear position arranged to disconnect the second sun gearwheel 70 from the second planet carrier 72.
  • the fourth axially displaceable coupling sleeve 88 is in a second gear position arranged to connect the second sun gearwheel 70 to the second planet carrier 72.
  • the third axially displaceable coupling sleeve 82 is on an inner surface provid- ed with splines 42 which are arranged to cooperate with corresponding splines 42 arranged on the second planet carrier 72 and the output shaft 84.
  • the corresponding splines 42 arranged on the second planet carrier 72 are formed on the periphery of a third sprocket 90 which is mounted on the second planet carrier 72.
  • the corresponding splines 42 provided on the output shaft 84 are formed on the periphery of a fourth sprocket 92 which is mounted on the output shaft 84.
  • the fourth axially displaceable coupling sleeve 88 is on an inner surface provided with splines 42 arranged to interact with the corresponding splines 42 arranged on the second ring gearwheel 74 and on the periphery of a projection 94 which is fixedly connected to the gearbox housing 68.
  • the splines 42 on the fourth axially displaceable coupling sleeve 88 are also arranged to cooperate with corresponding splines 42 arranged on the periphery of a first sprocket 96 which is mounted on the main shaft 20 of the second sun gearwheel 70, which is connected to the main shaft 20 in the main gearbox device 14.
  • the splines 42 on the fourth axially displaceable coupling sleeve 88 are also arranged to cooperate with corresponding splines 42 arranged on the second planet carrier 72.
  • Corresponding splines 42 disposed on the second planet carrier 72 are made on the periphery of a second sprocket 98 which is mount- ed on the second planet carrier 72.
  • the low gear in the range gearbox device 16 is obtained by displacing the fourth axially displaceable coupling sleeve 88, so that the second ring gearwheel 74 is connected to the projection 94 of the gearbox housing 68.
  • the high gear in the range gearbox device 16 is obtained by displacing the fourth axially displaceable coupling sleeve 88, so that the second sun gearwheel 70 is connected to the second planet carrier 72.
  • the axial displacement of the second, third and fourth axially displaceable coupling sleeves 56, 82, 88 are provided by power means (not shown), corresponding to the power means 48 in connection to the first axially displaceable coupling sleeve 40.
  • the first, second, third and fourth axially displaceable coupling sleeves 40, 56, 82, 88 each has a low weight, which means that there is a need of low energy and force to displace the respective coupling sleeves 40, 56, 82, 88 when shifting gears. This allows a quick gear shifting between the different gear positions in the range gearbox device 16. Fig.
  • FIG. 3 shows a flow chart of the method for shifting the gearbox 6 according to the invention, which gearbox 6 provided with an input shaft 18; and an output shaft 84, which is connected to a propeller shaft 10; a first planetary gear 24, with first planetary gear components 26, 28, 34, 36, which is connected to the input shaft 18; a first and second electrical machine 50, 52 arranged to rotate and brake the first planetary gear 24; and rotatable torque transmitting elements 20, 22, 70, 72, 74, 78 arranged in the gearbox 6, which are connectable to the input shaft 18 and to the output shaft 84.
  • the method comprises the steps of:
  • the torque transmitting elements 20, 22, 70, 72, 74, 78 which are connected to the input shaft 18 are according to an embodiment of the invention a lay shaft 22, a main shaft 20 and gearwheels arranged on these shafts.
  • the rotatable components in a range gearbox device 16 are torque transmitting elements 20, 22, 70, 72, 74, 78 which are connected to the input shaft 18.
  • the torque transmitting elements 20, 22, 70, 72, 74, 78 which are connected to the input shaft 18 depends on the type of gearbox 6 used in the powertrain 2.
  • the first planetary gear components 26, 28, 34, 36 of the first planetary gear 24 comprises a first ring gearwheel 26, a first sun gearwheel 28 and a first planet carrier 34, on which at least one first planet gearwheel 36 is rotat- able mounted, which first planet carrier 34 is connected to the input shaft 18.
  • the first electrical machine 50 is arranged on the first sun gear- wheel 28 and the second electrical machine 52 is arranged on the first ring gearwheel 26.
  • the first and second electrical machines 50, 52 may be activated in pairs or individually. They may also supply electrical power to each other.
  • step a) the speed is synchronized between the first sun gearwheel 28 and the first planet carrier 34.
  • the speed is preferably synchronized by means of the first and/or second electrical machine 50, 52.
  • step a) the at least two of the planetary gear components engaged to each other by means of the first coupling element 38 are the first sun gearwheel 28 and the first planet carrier 34.
  • the torque passes through the first planet carrier 34, which means that the first sun gearwheel 28 and the first planet gearwheels 36 are not affected by the torque.
  • a range gearbox device 16 is arranged between the input shaft 18 and the output shaft 84.
  • the range gearbox device 16 comprises a second planetary gear 66 with a second ring gearwheel 74, a second sun gearwheel 70 and a second planet carrier 72, on which at least one second planet gearwheel is rotatable mounted, which second sun gearwheel 70 is connected to a main shaft 20 in the gearbox 6.
  • a range gearbox device 16 comprising a second planetary gear 66 the number of possible gear steps in the gearbox 6 are increased or duplicated.
  • the second planet carrier 72 is connected to the output shaft 84 by means of the third coupling element 80.
  • the components in the gearbox 6 may be controlled without the influence of the propeller shaft 10.
  • the further step f) generate torque balance between the first planetary gear 24 and an internal combustion engine 4 connected to the first planetary gear 24, and disengage the internal combustion engine 4 from the first planetary gear 24 by means of a second coupling element 54.
  • the method comprises the step e) accelerating the first and/or the second electrical machine 50, 52 in order to synchronize the speed between the internal combustion engine 4 and the first planetary gear 24 and engaging the internal combustion engine 4 and the first planetary gear 24 by means of the second coupling element 54.
  • the method preferably comprises the step of:
  • shifting gears can be made within a short period of time using a small amount of energy.
  • the method comprises instep e) controlling the first and/or the second electrical machine 50, 52 to synchronize the speed between the gearbox 6 and the propeller shaft 10 and engaging the gearbox 6 and the propeller shaft 10 by means of the third coupling element 80.
  • the method preferably comprises the step of:
  • shifting gears can be made within a short period of time using a small amount of energy-
  • the method comprises in step e) accelerating the first and/or the second electrical machine 50, 52 in order to synchronize the speed between the internal combustion engine 4 and the first planetary gear 24 and engaging the internal combustion engine 4 and the first planetary gear 24 by means of the second coupling element 54 and the gearbox 6 and the propeller shaft 10 by means of the third coupling element 80 at essentially the same time.
  • This embodiment may be performed only if the internal combustion engine 4 has reached a speed which corresponds to the speed of the first planetary gear 24 when the gearbox 6 has the same speed as the propeller shaft 10.
  • Such connection of the one hand the internal combustion engine 4 and the first planetary gear 24 and the other hand the gearbox 6 and the propeller shaft 10 can be made within a short period of time using a small amount of energy.
  • the invention also relates to a computer programme P and a computer programme product for performing the method steps.
  • the computer program P controls the gear shifting in the gearbox 6, wherein said computer program P comprises program code for making an electronic control unit 100 or a computer 104 connected to the electronic control unit 100 to performing the meth- od steps according to the invention as mentioned herein, when said computer programme P is run on the electronic control unit 100 or a computer 104 connected to the electronic control unit 100.
  • Position detectors 106 arranged in the gearbox 6 are connected to the control unit 100. The position detectors 106 provide the control unit 100 with information about the axial position of respective axial displaceable coupling sleeves 40, 56, 82, 88.
  • the computer programme product comprises a program code stored on a, by an electronic control unit 100 or a computer 104 connected to the electronic control unit 100 readable, media for performing the method steps according to the invention as mentioned herein, when said computer programme P is run on the electronic control unit 100 or a computer 104 connected to the electron- ic control unit 100.
  • the computer programme product is directly storable in an internal memory M into the electronic control unit 100 or a computer 104 connected to the electronic control unit 100, comprising a computer programme P for performing the method steps according to the invention, when said computer programme P is run on the electronic control unit 100 or a computer 104 connected to the electronic control unit 100.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
  • Structure Of Transmissions (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a method for gear shifting in a gearbox (6). The method comprises the following steps of: a) synchronize the speed between the planetary gear components (26, 28, 34, 36) in the first planetary gear (24) and engage at least two of the planetary gear components (26, 28, 34, 36) to each other by means of a first coupling element (38), b) generate torque balance between gearbox (6) and the propeller shaft (10) and disengage the gearbox (6) from the propeller shaft (10) by means of a third coupling element (80), c) decelerate the input shaft (18) and the torque transmitting elements (20, 22, 70, 72, 74, 78) connected to the input shaft (18) to a standstill condition, d) shift at least one gear in the gearbox (6), and e) engage the gearbox (6) and the propeller shaft (10) by means of the third coupling element (80). The invention also relates to a gearbox (6), which is controlled by means of such a method and a vehicle (1), which comprises such a gearbox (6). The invention also relates to a computer program (P) and a computer program product for performing the method.

Description

A method for gear shifting in a gearbox, a gearbox and a vehicle
BACKGROUND AND PRIOR ART The invention relates to a method for gear shifting in a gearbox according to the preamble of patent claim 1 . The invention also relates to a gearbox according to the preamble of patent claim 15, which is controlled by means of such a method. The invention also relates to a vehicle according to the preamble of patent claim 16, which comprises such a gearbox.
Vehicles, and in particular heavy goods vehicles, e.g. trucks, are usually equipped with a gearbox connected to the combustion engine, which gearbox may be automatic, manual or a combination thereof. In an automated manual transmission, a so-called AMT gearbox, the gearbox is controlled by an elec- tronic control device. Such a gearbox may be equipped with a main gearbox device provided with a main shaft. A lay shaft is arranged in parallel to the main shaft. The main shaft is connectible to an input shaft via the lay shaft and to an output shaft in the gearbox via a range gearbox device, if such a range gearbox device is integrated in the gearbox. The range gearbox device may constitute a separate device instead of being integrated in the gearbox. The gearbox may also be equipped with a split gear device, arranged between the input shaft and the lay shaft. In addition to the combustion engine, also an electrical machine may be arranged between the combustion engine and the gearbox. The combustion engine can together with the electrical machine de- liver power to the vehicle as a hybride drive or as an alternative may one of the combustion engine or the electrical machine deliver power to the vehicle.
A brake mechanism may be arranged to retard the lay shaft in connection with change of gears in the gearbox, in order to achieve synchronous rotational speeds between the lay shaft and the main shaft, so that the new gear may be engaged without any difference in rotation speed existing between those transmission parts in the gearbox which are brought to engage with each other at the moment the new gear is engaged. The brake mechanism is thus used to retard the lay shaft in relation to the main shaft at a stage during a shifting operation when the main gearbox is in the neutral position, while the lay shaft is disconnected from the main shaft.
In gearboxes of this type, the synchronization devices, comprising conical synchronization rings and coupling rings, are replaced by coupling sleeves provided with splines, which are displaced axially in order to engage with gearwheels placed on the main shaft. Each gearwheel placed on the main shaft is en- gaged with corresponding gearwheel elements, which are firmly attached to the lay shaft. On shifting, the coupling sleeve is displaced axially in order to engage with coupling teeth arranged on a selectable gearwheel, in order to connect the gearwheel to, and rotation lock it, on the main shaft. The synchronization device in the split gearbox device and in the range gearbox device may also be replaced by coupling sleeves.
The range gearbox device is usually provided between the main gearbox device and a propeller shaft coupled to the drive wheels of the vehicle. The range gearbox device is accommodated in a gearbox housing and comprises an in- put shaft coupled to the main gearbox device, an output shaft and between the input shaft and the output shaft is a planetary gear of the range gearbox device disposed. The planetary gear usually comprises three components, which are rotatable arranged relative to each other namely a sun gear, a planet carrier with planet gears and a ring gear. With knowledge of the number of teeth of the sun gear and the ring gear the relative speed of the three components can be determined during operation. In a range gearbox device the sun gear can be rotatable connected to the input shaft, a number of planet gears which engage said sun gear, which planet gears are rotatable mounted on the planet carrier which is fixedly connected to the output shaft, and an axially displacea- ble ring gear which surrounds and engages the planet gears. The teeth of the sun gear, planet gears and ring gear can be helical, that is, they have an angle to a common rotation axis of the sun gear, planet carrier and ring gear. There are range gearboxes in which the synchronization devices are replaced with coupling sleeves provided with splines. By controlling the transmission to synchronous speed between the two components to be assembled an axial displacement of the coupling sleeve along the two components is made possible in order to connect them. When the components should be detached the transmission is controlled so that torque balance occurs between the components so that the coupling sleeve is not transmitting torque. It then becomes possible to move the coupling sleeve axially along the components in order to disengage them from each other.
The torque balance is a condition where a torque acting on the ring gear, corresponding to the product of the torque acting on the planet carrier and the gear ratio of the planetary gear while a torque acts on the sun gear, corre- sponding to the product of the torque acting on the planet carrier and (1 - the gear ratio of the planetary gear). In the case that two of the components of the planetary gear, sun gear, ring gear or planet carrier, are coupled together by a coupling sleeve, the coupling sleeve transmits no torque between the planetary gear elements when torque balance occurs. Thus, the coupling sleeve can be easily displaced and the planetary gear components released.
Document DE102008001650 relates to a powertrain provided with an internal combustion engine, a main gear and an auxiliary transmission such as a range gear provided with a planetary gear, arranged downstream to the main gear. The range gear is coupled to an electric machine, such as an electrical motor or generator, which may be used for synchronizing gears and shafts when shifting gears.
Document WO2012084331 relates to a transmission comprising a main gear- box and a rear mounted range gearbox connected downstream of the main gearbox and designed as a planetary gear. An electric machine is connected to a further planetary gear downstream the main gearbox. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
Despite prior art, there is a need to develop a method, which makes it possible to shift gears in a gearbox with the use of a small amount of energy. There is also a need to develop a method, which makes it possible to shift gears in a gearbox within a short period of time.
The object of the invention is thus to provide a method for gear shifting in a gearbox of the type defined in the introduction, which makes it possible to shift gears in a gearbox with the use of a small amount of energy.
Another object of the invention is to provide a method, which makes it possible to shift gears in a gearbox within a short period of time.
These objectives are achieved with a method, which is characterised by the features specified in patent claim 1 .
These objectives are also achieved with a gearbox, which is characterised by the features specified in patent claim 15.
These objectives are also achieved with a vehicle, which is characterised by the features specified in patent claim 16.
The method according to the invention comprises the following steps of:
a) synchronize the speed between the planetary gear components in the first planetary gear and engage at least two of the planetary gear components to each other by means of a first coupling element,
b) generate torque balance between the gearbox and the propeller shaft and disengage the gearbox from the propeller shaft by means of a third coupling element,
c) decelerate the input shaft and the torque transmitting elements connected to the input shaft to a standstill condition,
d) shift at least one gear in the gearbox, and
e) engage the gearbox and the propeller shaft by means of the third coupling element.
This means that a method for gear shifting in a gearbox is achieved, which makes it possible to shift gears with the use of a small amount of energy. Also, the method makes it possible to shift gears in a gearbox within a short period of time. When the input shaft and the torque transmitting elements connected to the input shaft are decelerated to a standstill condition, the shifting of gears in the gearbox can be performed using a small amount of energy. Also, shifting gears can be made within a short period of time when all the rotatable components in the gearbox are in a standstill condition. The torque transmitting elements which are connected to the input shaft are according to an embodiment of the invention a lay shaft, a main shaft and gearwheels arranged on these shafts. Also, the rotatable components in a range gearbox device are torque transmitting elements which are connected to the input shaft. However, the torque transmitting elements which are connected to the input shaft depend on the type of gearbox used in the powertrain.
According to an embodiment of the invention, the method in step e) comprises: accelerating the first and/or the second electrical machine in order to synchronize the speed between an internal combustion engine and the input shaft and engaging the internal combustion engine and the first planetary gear by means of the second coupling element. When a gear has been shifted in the gearbox the input shaft and a main shaft in the gearbox are accelerated from the standstill condition, so that the input shaft reaches the same speed as the speed of the internal combustion engine. When the input shaft has reached the same speed as the speed of the internal combustion engine, a transmission shaft arranged between the first planetary gear and the internal combustion engine is connected to the internal combustion engine. When using one or both of the electrical machines in order to synchronize the speed of the input shaft and the internal combustion engine shifting gears can be made within a short period of time using a small amount of energy.
According to said embodiment the method comprises the step g) controlling the first and/or the second electrical machine to synchronize the speed between the gearbox and the propeller shaft and engaging the gearbox and the propeller shaft by means of the third coupling element. Using one or both of the electrical machines and/or the internal combustion engine in order to synchronize the speed between the gearbox and the propeller shaft can be made within a short period of time using a small amount of energy. According to a further embodiment of the invention, the method in step e) comprises: controlling the first and/or the second electrical machine to synchronize the speed between the gearbox and the propeller shaft and engaging the gearbox and the propeller shaft by means of the third coupling element. When a gear has been shifted in the gearbox the torque transmitting elements connected to the input shaft, such as the input shaft, the lay shaft and also the main shaft in the gearbox are accelerated from the standstill condition, so that a planetary carrier of a range gearbox device in the gearbox and the propeller shaft reach the same speed. When the planetary carrier has reached the same speed as the speed of the propeller shaft, the gearbox and the propeller shaft are connected. Using one or both of the electrical machines in order to synchronize the speed of gearbox and the propeller shaft can be made within a short period of time using a small amount of energy. According to said embodiment the method comprises the step g) adjusting the speed of the first and/or the second electrical machine and/or of the internal combustion engine in order to synchronize the speed between the internal combustion engine and the input shaft and engaging the internal combustion engine and the first planetary gear by means of the second coupling element. When the input shaft has reached the same speed as the speed of the internal combustion engine, a transmission shaft arranged between the first planetary gear and the internal combustion engine is connected to the internal combus- tion engine. Using one or both of the electrical machines in order to synchronize the speed between the input shaft and the internal combustion engine can be made within a short period of time using a small amount of energy.
According to a still further embodiment of the invention, the method in step e) comprises: accelerating the first and/or the second electrical machine in order to synchronize the speed between the internal combustion engine and the input shaft and engaging the internal combustion engine and the first planetary gear by means of the second coupling element and the gearbox and the propeller shaft by means of the third coupling element at essentially the same time. This embodiment may be performed only if the internal combustion engine has reached a speed which corresponds to the speed of the input shaft when the gearbox has the same speed as the propeller shaft. Such connection of the one hand the internal combustion engine and the input shaft and on the other hand the gearbox and the propeller shaft can be made within a short pe- riod of time using a small amount of energy.
The invention also relates to a computer program and a computer program product for performing the method according to the invention. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
Below is a description of, as examples, preferred embodiments of the invention with reference to the enclosed drawings, in which:
Fig. 1 shows schematically a vehicle in a side view, provided with a gearbox shifted by the method according to the invention,
Fig. 2 shows schematically a sectional view of a powertrain with the gearbox, which is shifted by the method according to the invention, and
Fig. 3 shows a flow chart of the method for shifting the gearbox according to the invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS OF THE INVENTION
Fig. 1 shows schematically a side view of a vehicle 1 , e.g. a truck, with a powertrain 2 provided with a gearbox 6 shifted by the method according to the invention. The powertrain 2 comprises also an internal combustion engine 4, which is connected to the gearbox 6, and the gearbox 6 is further connected to driving wheels 8 of the vehicle 1 via a propeller shaft 10.
Fig. 2 shows schematically a sectional view of the powertrain 2 with the gear- box 6, which is shifted by the method according to the invention. The gearbox 6 is provided with a split gearbox device 12, a main gearbox device 14 and a range gearbox device 16. The split gearbox device 12 comprises an input gearwheel 30e rotatable arranged on an input shaft 18 and a split gearwheel 30d rotatable arranged on a main shaft 20. The main gearbox device 14 com- prises at least a first and a second main gearwheel 30a-30c rotatable arranged on the main shaft 20. The range gearbox device 16 is connected to the main shaft 20 and to the propeller shaft 10. However, the split gearbox device 12 can be excluded in the gearbox 6.
The gearbox 6 is also provided with a lay shaft 22 which comprises gearwheel elements 32a-32e, which are engaged with the input gearwheel 30e and the split gearwheel 30d and the main gearwheels 30a-30c, respective.
A first planetary gear 24 is connected to the input shaft 18. The first planetary gear 24 comprises a first ring gearwheel 26, a first sun gearwheel 28 and a first planet carrier 34, on which at least one first planet gearwheel 36 is rotata- ble mounted. The first planet carrier 34 is connected to the input shaft 18. The first sun gearwheel 28 and the first planet carrier 34 may be engaged to each other by means of a first coupling element 38. The first coupling element 38 comprises preferably a first axially movable sleeve 40, which is equipped inter- nally with splines 42. The first axially movable sleeve 40 is displaced axially in order to be brought into engagement with a transmission shaft 19 and the first planet carrier 34. The transmission shaft 19 is connected to the first sun gearwheel 28. The axial displacement of the first axially movable sleeve 40 is provided with a shift fork 44 arranged in an outside circumferential groove 46 in the first axially movable sleeve 40. The shift fork 44 is influenced by a power means 48. The power means 48 may be a pneumatic, hydraulic or electric cylinder. First and second electrical machines 50, 52 are arranged to rotate and brake the first planetary gear 24. The first electrical machine 50 is arranged at the first sun gearwheel 28 and the second electrical machine 52 is arranged at the first ring gearwheel 26. The powertrain 2 may be provided with the internal combustion engine 4.
However, the first and second electrical machines 50, 52 may be designed to provide enough power and torque to the driving wheels 8 for propulsion of the vehicle 1 . Power to the first and second electrical machines 50, 52 may be provided from an energy storage 60 such as an electrochemical energy storage arranged in the vehicle 1 or from an external energy storage such as wires or other electrical conducting means (not disclosed) in the environment where the vehicle 1 is used.
The internal combustion engine 4 may be connected to the first sun gearwheel 28 of the first planetary gear 24 by means of a second coupling element 54. The second coupling element 54 comprises preferably a second axially mova- ble sleeve 56, which is equipped internally with splines 42. The second axially movable sleeve 56 is displaced axially in order to be brought into engagement with the transmission shaft 19 and a crank shaft 21 of the internal combustion engine 4. A brake mechanism 58 may be connected to the lay shaft 22 for retarding the lay shaft 22 when changing of gears in the gearbox 6.
The electrical machines 50, 52 may generate driving torque or brake torque on the input shaft 18. The electrical machines 50, 52 are in fig. 2 connected to the energy storage 60 which delivers electrical power to the electrical machines 50, 52 or receives electrical power from the electrical machines 50, 52 when the electrical machines 50, 52 generate brake torque on the input shaft 18.
The main gearbox device 14 comprises operating main gear sleeves 62a, 62b, which are equipped internally with splines 42. Each main gear sleeve 62a, 62b is displaced axially in order to be brought into engagement with the main gearwheels 30a-30c and the split gearwheel 30d placed on the main shaft 20. The main gearwheels 30a-30c and the split gearwheel 30d are free to rotate in relation to the main shaft 20 when the main gear sleeves 62a, 62b disengage the main gearwheels 30a-30c and the split gearwheel 30d from the main shaft 20. Each main gearwheel 30a-30c, placed on the main shaft 20, is engaged with corresponding gearwheel elements 32a-32c, which are fixed to the lay shaft 22. On shifting, the operating main gear sleeve 62a, 62b is displaced ax- ially from a disengaged position to an engaged position in order to engage with splines 42 arranged on a selectable main gearwheel 30a-30c and the split gearwheel 30d in order to connect the gearwheel 30a-30c and the split gear- wheel 30d to, and rotation lock it, on the main shaft 20. Alternatively, the axial- ly displaceable main gear sleeves 62a, 62b may also be brought into engagement with the main gearwheels 30a-30c and the split gearwheel 30d by means of synchronization means (not disclosed). The split gear box device 12 comprises an axially displaceable split gear sleeve 64, which is equipped internally with splines 42. The axially displaceable split gear sleeve 64 is displaced axially in order to be brought into engagement with the input gearwheel 30e and the split gearwheel 30d, placed on the input shaft 18 and the main shaft 20, respective. The gearwheels 30d, 30e are free to rotate in relation to the input shaft 18 and the main shaft 20 when the axially displaceable split gear sleeve 64 disengages the gearwheels 30d, 30e from the input shaft 18 and the main shaft 20, respective. However, for the gearwheel 30d to be free to rotate in relation to the main shaft 20 also the axially displaceable main gear sleeve 62b must disengage the gearwheel 30d from the main shaft 20. The gearwheels 30d, 30e, placed on the input shaft 18 and the main shaft 20, are engaged with corresponding gearwheel elements 32d, 32e, which are fixed to the lay shaft 22. On shifting, the axially displaceable split gear sleeve 64 is displaced axially from a disengaged position to an engaged position in order to engage with splines 42 arranged on a selectable gearwheel 30d, 30e in order to connect the input gearwheel 30e split gearwheel 30d to, and rotation lock it, on the input shaft 18 and the main shaft 20, respective. Alternatively, the axially displaceable split gear sleeve 64 may also be brought into engagement with the input gearwheel 30e and the split gearwheel 30d by means of a synchronization arrangement (not disclosed). How- ever, preferably the electrical machines 50, 52, the internal combustion engine 4 and the brake mechanism 58 connected to the lay shaft 22 are used to synchronize the gearbox 6 when shifting gears. The axially displaceable main gear sleeve 62b may also be used to be brought into engagement with the split gear wheel 30d when the split gear wheel 30d is engaged with the input shaft 18 by means of the axially displaceable split gear sleeve 64. Thus, a direct connection between the input shaft 18 and the main shaft 20 is achieved, wherein the gear ratio in the split and main gearbox devices is 1 :1 .
The range gearbox device 16 comprises a second planetary gear 66 which has a low and a high gear, so that the shifting capability of the gearbox 6 can be divided into a low range gear position and a high range gear position. In a first gear position corresponding to the low range gear position a downshift takes place in the second planetary gear 66. In the high range gear position the gear ratio is 1 :1 in the second planetary gear 66. Fig. 2 shows the range gearbox device 16 in the first gear position, corresponding to the low range gear position.
The range gearbox device 16 is accommodated in a gearbox housing 68, which surrounds the gearbox 6, and is connected to the main shaft 20 of the main gearbox device 14. The second planetary gear 66 comprises three main components which are rotatable arranged in relation to each other, namely a second sun gearwheel 70, a second planet carrier 72 and a second ring gearwheel 74. A number of second planet gearwheels 78 are rotatable arranged on the second planet carrier 72. With knowledge of the number of teeth 76 of second sun gearwheel 70 and the second ring gearwheel 74, the relative gear ratio of the three components can be determined. The second sun gearwheel 70 is connected to the main shaft 20, which extends out of the main gearbox device 14. The second planet gearwheels 78 engage the second sun gearwheel 70. The second ring gearwheel 74 surrounds and engages the second planet gearwheels 78. A third coupling element 80 comprising a third axially displaceable coupling sleeve 82 is arranged to connect and disconnect the second planet carrier 72 to and from an output shaft 84 of the range gearbox device 16. The output shaft 84 is coupled to the propeller shaft 10 of the vehicle 1 .
A fourth coupling element 86 comprising a fourth axially displaceable coupling sleeve 88 is in a first gear position arranged to connect the gearbox housing 68 with the second ring gearwheel 74 and in a second gear position arranged to disconnect the gearbox housing 68 from the second ring gearwheel 74. The fourth axially displaceable coupling sleeve 88 is in the first gear position arranged to disconnect the second sun gearwheel 70 from the second planet carrier 72. The fourth axially displaceable coupling sleeve 88 is in a second gear position arranged to connect the second sun gearwheel 70 to the second planet carrier 72.
The third axially displaceable coupling sleeve 82 is on an inner surface provid- ed with splines 42 which are arranged to cooperate with corresponding splines 42 arranged on the second planet carrier 72 and the output shaft 84. The corresponding splines 42 arranged on the second planet carrier 72 are formed on the periphery of a third sprocket 90 which is mounted on the second planet carrier 72. The corresponding splines 42 provided on the output shaft 84 are formed on the periphery of a fourth sprocket 92 which is mounted on the output shaft 84.
The fourth axially displaceable coupling sleeve 88 is on an inner surface provided with splines 42 arranged to interact with the corresponding splines 42 arranged on the second ring gearwheel 74 and on the periphery of a projection 94 which is fixedly connected to the gearbox housing 68. The splines 42 on the fourth axially displaceable coupling sleeve 88 are also arranged to cooperate with corresponding splines 42 arranged on the periphery of a first sprocket 96 which is mounted on the main shaft 20 of the second sun gearwheel 70, which is connected to the main shaft 20 in the main gearbox device 14. The splines 42 on the fourth axially displaceable coupling sleeve 88 are also arranged to cooperate with corresponding splines 42 arranged on the second planet carrier 72. Corresponding splines 42 disposed on the second planet carrier 72 are made on the periphery of a second sprocket 98 which is mount- ed on the second planet carrier 72.
The low gear in the range gearbox device 16 is obtained by displacing the fourth axially displaceable coupling sleeve 88, so that the second ring gearwheel 74 is connected to the projection 94 of the gearbox housing 68. The high gear in the range gearbox device 16 is obtained by displacing the fourth axially displaceable coupling sleeve 88, so that the second sun gearwheel 70 is connected to the second planet carrier 72.
The axial displacement of the second, third and fourth axially displaceable coupling sleeves 56, 82, 88 are provided by power means (not shown), corresponding to the power means 48 in connection to the first axially displaceable coupling sleeve 40.
Preferably, the first, second, third and fourth axially displaceable coupling sleeves 40, 56, 82, 88 each has a low weight, which means that there is a need of low energy and force to displace the respective coupling sleeves 40, 56, 82, 88 when shifting gears. This allows a quick gear shifting between the different gear positions in the range gearbox device 16. Fig. 3 shows a flow chart of the method for shifting the gearbox 6 according to the invention, which gearbox 6 provided with an input shaft 18; and an output shaft 84, which is connected to a propeller shaft 10; a first planetary gear 24, with first planetary gear components 26, 28, 34, 36, which is connected to the input shaft 18; a first and second electrical machine 50, 52 arranged to rotate and brake the first planetary gear 24; and rotatable torque transmitting elements 20, 22, 70, 72, 74, 78 arranged in the gearbox 6, which are connectable to the input shaft 18 and to the output shaft 84. The method comprises the steps of:
a) synchronize the speed between the planetary gear components 26, 28, 34, 36 in the first planetary gear 24 and engage at least two of the planetary gear components 26, 28, 34, 36 to each other by means of a first coupling element 38,
b) generate torque balance between gearbox 6 and the propeller shaft 10 and disengage the gearbox 6 from the propeller shaft 10 by means of a third coupling element 80,
c) decelerate the input shaft 18 and the torque transmitting elements 20, 22, 70, 72, 74, 78 connected to the input shaft 18 to a standstill condition, d) shift at least one gear in the gearbox 6, and
e) engage the gearbox 6 and the propeller shaft 10 by means of the third coupling element 80. This means that a method for gear shifting in a gearbox 6 is achieved, which makes it possible to shift gears with the use of a small amount of energy. Also, the method makes it possible to shift gears in a gearbox 6 within a short period of time. When the input shaft 18 and the torque transmitting elements 20, 22, 70, 72, 74, 78 connected to the input shaft 18 to a standstill condition, the shift- ing of gears in the gearbox 6 can be performed using a small amount of energy. Also, shifting gears can be made within a short period of time when all the rotatable components in the gearbox 6 are in a standstill condition. The torque transmitting elements 20, 22, 70, 72, 74, 78 which are connected to the input shaft 18 are according to an embodiment of the invention a lay shaft 22, a main shaft 20 and gearwheels arranged on these shafts. Also, the rotatable components in a range gearbox device 16 are torque transmitting elements 20, 22, 70, 72, 74, 78 which are connected to the input shaft 18. However, the torque transmitting elements 20, 22, 70, 72, 74, 78 which are connected to the input shaft 18 depends on the type of gearbox 6 used in the powertrain 2.
Preferably, the first planetary gear components 26, 28, 34, 36 of the first planetary gear 24 comprises a first ring gearwheel 26, a first sun gearwheel 28 and a first planet carrier 34, on which at least one first planet gearwheel 36 is rotat- able mounted, which first planet carrier 34 is connected to the input shaft 18.
When engaging the at least two planetary gear components 26, 28, 34, 36 to each other by means of the first coupling element 38 the torque passes through the first planet carrier 34, which means that the sun gearwheel 28 and the planet gearwheels 36 are not affected by the torque.
Preferably, the first electrical machine 50 is arranged on the first sun gear- wheel 28 and the second electrical machine 52 is arranged on the first ring gearwheel 26. When arranging the first electrical machine 50 on the same shaft as the first sun gearwheel 28 and the second electrical machine 52 on the first ring gearwheel 26 the first and second electrical machines 50, 52 may be activated in pairs or individually. They may also supply electrical power to each other.
Preferably, in step a) the speed is synchronized between the first sun gearwheel 28 and the first planet carrier 34. The speed is preferably synchronized by means of the first and/or second electrical machine 50, 52.
Preferably, in step a) the at least two of the planetary gear components engaged to each other by means of the first coupling element 38 are the first sun gearwheel 28 and the first planet carrier 34. When engaging the at least two planetary gear components to each other by means of the first coupling ele- ment 38 the torque passes through the first planet carrier 34, which means that the first sun gearwheel 28 and the first planet gearwheels 36 are not affected by the torque.
Preferably, a range gearbox device 16 is arranged between the input shaft 18 and the output shaft 84. Preferably, the range gearbox device 16 comprises a second planetary gear 66 with a second ring gearwheel 74, a second sun gearwheel 70 and a second planet carrier 72, on which at least one second planet gearwheel is rotatable mounted, which second sun gearwheel 70 is connected to a main shaft 20 in the gearbox 6. Using a range gearbox device 16 comprising a second planetary gear 66 the number of possible gear steps in the gearbox 6 are increased or duplicated.
Preferably, the second planet carrier 72 is connected to the output shaft 84 by means of the third coupling element 80. When the second planet carrier 72 is disengaged from the output shaft 84 the components in the gearbox 6 may be controlled without the influence of the propeller shaft 10.
Preferably, after step a) and before step c), the further step f) generate torque balance between the first planetary gear 24 and an internal combustion engine 4 connected to the first planetary gear 24, and disengage the internal combustion engine 4 from the first planetary gear 24 by means of a second coupling element 54. Preferably, in a first embodiment, the method comprises the step e) accelerating the first and/or the second electrical machine 50, 52 in order to synchronize the speed between the internal combustion engine 4 and the first planetary gear 24 and engaging the internal combustion engine 4 and the first planetary gear 24 by means of the second coupling element 54.
When a gear has been shifted in the gearbox 6 the input shaft 18 and the main shaft 20 in the gearbox 6 are accelerated from the standstill condition, so that the the first planetary gear 24 reaches the same speed as the speed of the internal combustion engine 4. When the the first planetary gear 24 has reached the same speed as the speed of the internal combustion engine 4, the the first planetary gear 24 and the internal combustion engine 4 are connected. Using one or both of the electrical machines 50, 52 in order to synchronize the speed of the first planetary gear 24 and the internal combustion engine 4 shifting gears can be made within a short period of time using a small amount of energy. Further, according to the first embodiment, the method preferably comprises the step of:
g) controlling the first and/or the second electrical machine 50, 52 and/or the internal combustion engine 4 to synchronize the speed between the gearbox 6 and the propeller shaft 10 and engaging the gearbox 6 and the propeller shaft 10 by means of the third coupling element 80.
Using one or both of the electrical machines 50, 52 and/or the internal combustion engine 4 in order to synchronize between the gearbox 6 and the propeller shaft 10 shifting gears can be made within a short period of time using a small amount of energy.
Preferably, in a second embodiment, the method comprises instep e) controlling the first and/or the second electrical machine 50, 52 to synchronize the speed between the gearbox 6 and the propeller shaft 10 and engaging the gearbox 6 and the propeller shaft 10 by means of the third coupling element 80.
When a gear has been shifted in the gearbox 6 the input shaft 18 and the main shaft 20 in the gearbox 6 are accelerated from the standstill condition, so that the gearbox 6 and the propeller shaft 10 reaches the same speed. When the gearbox 6 has reached the same speed as the speed of the propeller shaft 10, the gearbox 6 and the propeller shaft 10 are connected. Using one or both of the electrical machines 50, 52 in order to synchronize the speed of the gearbox 6 and the propeller shaft 10 shifting gears can be made within a short pe- riod of time using a small amount of energy. Further, according to the first embodiment, the method preferably comprises the step of:
g) adjusting the speed of the internal combustion engine 4 in order to synchronize the speed between the internal combustion engine 4 and the first plane- tary gear 24 and engaging the internal combustion engine 4 and the first planetary gear 24 by means of the second coupling element 54.
Using the internal combustion engine 4 in order to synchronize the speed between the first planetary gear 24 and the internal combustion engine 4 shifting gears can be made within a short period of time using a small amount of energy-
Preferably, in a third embodiment, the method comprises in step e) accelerating the first and/or the second electrical machine 50, 52 in order to synchronize the speed between the internal combustion engine 4 and the first planetary gear 24 and engaging the internal combustion engine 4 and the first planetary gear 24 by means of the second coupling element 54 and the gearbox 6 and the propeller shaft 10 by means of the third coupling element 80 at essentially the same time.
This embodiment may be performed only if the internal combustion engine 4 has reached a speed which corresponds to the speed of the first planetary gear 24 when the gearbox 6 has the same speed as the propeller shaft 10. Such connection of the one hand the internal combustion engine 4 and the first planetary gear 24 and the other hand the gearbox 6 and the propeller shaft 10 can be made within a short period of time using a small amount of energy.
The invention also relates to a computer programme P and a computer programme product for performing the method steps. The computer program P controls the gear shifting in the gearbox 6, wherein said computer program P comprises program code for making an electronic control unit 100 or a computer 104 connected to the electronic control unit 100 to performing the meth- od steps according to the invention as mentioned herein, when said computer programme P is run on the electronic control unit 100 or a computer 104 connected to the electronic control unit 100. Position detectors 106 arranged in the gearbox 6 are connected to the control unit 100. The position detectors 106 provide the control unit 100 with information about the axial position of respective axial displaceable coupling sleeves 40, 56, 82, 88. The computer programme product comprises a program code stored on a, by an electronic control unit 100 or a computer 104 connected to the electronic control unit 100 readable, media for performing the method steps according to the invention as mentioned herein, when said computer programme P is run on the electronic control unit 100 or a computer 104 connected to the electron- ic control unit 100. Alternatively, the computer programme product is directly storable in an internal memory M into the electronic control unit 100 or a computer 104 connected to the electronic control unit 100, comprising a computer programme P for performing the method steps according to the invention, when said computer programme P is run on the electronic control unit 100 or a computer 104 connected to the electronic control unit 100.
The components and features specified above may within the framework of the invention be combined between the different embodiments specified.

Claims

Claims
1 . A method for gear shifting in a gearbox (6) comprising an input shaft (1 8) and an output shaft (84), which is connected to a propeller shaft (1 0);
a first planetary gear (24), with first planetary gear components (26, 28, 34, 36), which is connected to the input shaft (1 8);
a first and second electrical machine (50, 52) arranged to rotate and brake the first planetary gear (24);
and
rotatable torque transmitting elements (20, 22, 70, 72, 74, 78) arranged in the gearbox (6), which are connectable to the input shaft (18) and to the output shaft (84);
characterised in the following steps of:
a) synchronize the speed between the planetary gear components (26, 28, 34, 36) in the first planetary gear (24) and engage at least two of the planetary gear components (26, 28, 34, 36) to each other by means of a first coupling element (38),
b) generate torque balance between the gearbox (6) and the propeller shaft (10) and disengage the gearbox (6) from the propeller shaft (10) by means of a third coupling element (80),
c) decelerate the input shaft (1 8) and the torque transmitting elements (20, 22, 70, 72, 74, 78) connected to the input shaft (1 8) to a standstill condition, d) shift at least one gear in the gearbox (6), and
e) engage the gearbox (6) and the propeller shaft (10) by means of the third coupling element (80).
2. The method of claim 1 ,
characterised in that the first planetary gear components (26, 28, 34, 36) of the first planetary gear (24) comprises a first ring gearwheel (26), a first sun gearwheel (28) and a first planet carrier (34), on which at least one first planet gearwheel (36) is rotatable mounted, which first planet carrier (34) is connected to the input shaft (1 8).
3. The method of claim 2, characterised in that the first electrical machine (50) is arranged on the first sun gearwheel (28) and the second electrical machine (52) is arranged on the first ring gearwheel (26).
4. The method according to any of claims 2 and 3,
characterised in that in step a) the speed is synchronized between the first sun gearwheel (28) and the first planet carrier (34).
5. The method according to any of claims 2 - 4,
characterised in that in step a) the at least two of the planetary gear components (26, 28, 34, 36) engaged to each other by means of the first coupling element (38) are the first sun gearwheel (28) and the first planet carrier (34).
6. The method of any of the preceding claims,
characterised in that a range gearbox device (16) is arranged between the input shaft (18) and the output shaft (84).
7. The method of claim 6,
characterised in that the range gearbox device (16) comprises a second planetary gear (66) with a second ring gearwheel (74), a second sun gearwheel (70) and a second planet carrier (72), on which at least one second planet gearwheel (78) is rotatable mounted, which second sun gearwheel (70) is connected to a main shaft (20) in the gearbox (6).
8. The method of claim 7, characterised in that the second planet carrier (72) is connected to the output shaft (84) by means of the third coupling element (80).
9. The method of any of the preceding claims,
characterised in that after step a) and before step b), the further step f) generate torque balance between the first planetary gear (24) and an internal combustion engine (4) connected to the first planetary gear (24), and disengage the internal combustion engine (4) from the first planetary gear (24) by means of a second coupling element (54).
10. The method of claim 9,
characterised in that in step e) accelerating the first and/or the second electrical machine (50, 52) in order to synchronize the speed between the internal combustion engine (4) and the first planetary gear (24) and engaging the internal combustion engine (4) and the first planetary gear (24) by means of the second coupling element (54).
1 1 . The method of claim 10, characterised in the further step of:
g) controlling the first and/or the second electrical machine (50, 52) and/or the internal combustion engine (4) to synchronize the speed between the gearbox (6) and the propeller shaft (10) and engaging the gearbox (6) and the propeller shaft (10) by means of the third coupling element (80).
12. The method of any of the claims 1 - 9,
characterised in that in step e) controlling the first and/or the second electrical machine (50, 52) to synchronize the speed between the gearbox (6) and the propeller shaft (10) and engaging the gearbox (6) and the propeller shaft (10) by means of the third coupling element (80).
13. The method of claims 9 and 12, characterised in the further steps of: g) adjusting the speed of the internal combustion engine (4) in order to synchronize the speed between the internal combustion engine (4) and the first planetary gear (24) and engaging the internal combustion engine (4) and the first planetary gear (24) by means of the second coupling element (54).
14. The method of claim 9,
characterised in that in step e) accelerating the first and/or the second electrical machine (50, 52) in order to synchronize the speed between the internal combustion engine (4) and the first planetary gear (24) and engaging the internal combustion engine (4) and the first planetary gear (24) by means of the second coupling element (54) and the gearbox (6) and the propeller shaft (10) by means of the third coupling element (80) at essentially the same time.
15. Gearbox (6) comprising an input shaft (18) and an output shaft (84), characterised in that the gearbox (6) is controlled according to the method of any of the claims 1 - 14.
16. Vehicle (1 ) comprising a gearbox (6) provided with an input shaft (18) and an output shaft (84) and a first and a second electrical machine (50, 52) arranged on the input shaft (18), characterised in that the gearbox (6) is controlled according to the method of any of the claims 1 - 14.
17. A computer program (P) for controlling the gear shifting in a gearbox (6), wherein said computer program (P) comprises program code for making an electronic control unit (100) or another computer (104) connected to the electronic control unit (100) to performing the steps according to any of the claims 1 - 14.
18. A computer program product comprising a program code stored on a media readably by a computer (104) for performing the method steps according to any of the claims 1 - 14, when said program code runs on an electronic control unit (100) or another computer (104) connected to the electronic control unit (100).
PCT/SE2016/051108 2015-12-01 2016-11-11 A method for gear shifting in a gearbox, a gearbox and a vehicle WO2017095296A1 (en)

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SE1551562A SE540246C2 (en) 2015-12-01 2015-12-01 A method for gear shifting in a gearbox, a gearbox and a vehicle
SE1551562-0 2015-12-01

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SE1551562A1 (en) 2017-06-02
DE112016005065T5 (en) 2018-07-12

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