WO2017093413A1

WO2017093413A1 - Spacer having pressure equalization for insulating glass units

Info

Publication number: WO2017093413A1
Application number: PCT/EP2016/079449
Authority: WO
Inventors: Walter Schreiber; Hans-Werner Kuster; Egbert SCHWERDT
Original assignee: Saint-Gobain Glass France
Priority date: 2015-12-01
Filing date: 2016-12-01
Publication date: 2017-06-08
Also published as: EP3384120A1

Abstract

The invention relates to a spacer (I) for insulating glass units, at least comprising a hollow profiled element (1), which comprises: a first side wall (2.1); a second side wall (2.2) arranged parallel thereto; a glazing interior wall (3), which is arranged perpendicularly to the side walls (2.1, 2.2) and which connects the side walls (2.1, 2.2) to each other; an outer wall (4), which is arranged substantially parallel to the glazing interior wall (3) and connects the side walls (2.1, 2.2) to each other; a cavity (5), which is enclosed by the side walls (2.1, 2.2), the glazing interior wall (3), and the outer wall (4), wherein a semipermeable membrane (6) is attached to the outer wall (4) in a covered region (9), the semipermeable membrane (6) is gas-permeable and moisture-tight, and the outer wall (4) and the glazing interior wall (3) are gas-permeable and moisture-permeable at least in the covered region (9).

Description

Spacer with pressure compensation for insulating glass units

The invention relates to a spacer for insulating glass units, an insulating glass unit and a method for producing an insulating glass unit.

Insulating glazing usually contains at least two glass or polymeric materials. The disks are separated from each other by a gas or vacuum space defined by the spacer. The thermal insulation capacity of insulating glass is significantly higher than that of single glass and can be further increased and improved in triple glazing or with special coatings. Silver-containing coatings, for example, enable a reduced transmission of infrared radiation and thus reduce the cooling of a building in winter.

In addition to the nature and structure of the glass, the other components of a double glazing are of great importance. The seal and above all the spacers have a great influence on the quality of the insulating glazing. Above all, the contact points between the spacer and the glass pane are very susceptible to temperature and climatic fluctuations. The connection between the disc and the spacer is produced via an adhesive bond of organic polymer, for example polyisobutylene. In addition to the direct effects on the physical properties of the adhesive bond affects especially the glass itself on the adhesive bond. Due to the temperature changes, for example due to solar radiation, the glass expands or contracts again when it cools down. This mechanical movement simultaneously expands or compresses the adhesive bond, which can compensate for these movements only to a limited extent by its own elasticity. In the course of the operating life of the insulating glazing, the mechanical stress described may mean a partial or full-area detachment of the adhesive bond. This detachment of the adhesive bond can subsequently allow the ingress of atmospheric moisture within the insulating glazing. These climatic loads can cause fogging in the area of the panes and a lessening of the insulating effect.

The spaces between the panes are tightly sealed to minimize the humidity in the space between the panes. This is necessary to prevent the formation of condensation, since the moisture in particular to Oxidation of vapor-deposited metal-containing coatings on the discs could result. Due to the dense design of the space between the panes, pressure equalization with the environment is not possible. If the ambient conditions, such as pressure and temperature, change, the difference in pressure between the environment and the interior space between the panes causes the glass panes to bulge or bulge. Among other things, this results in increased stress on the edge bond. In addition, it can come to pinching built-in moving components, such as blinds, through the bulge of the discs. To alleviate these problems, a passageway can be made from the inner space between the panes to the environment, which allows pressure equalization. The passage must be designed in such a way as to prevent the ingress of water vapor into the space between the panes and at the same time to prevent the ingress of dirt and dust.

CH 687 937 A5 discloses an insulating glazing with a desiccant-filled hollow profile spacer frame which has perforated and unperforated sections towards the interior of the pane. For the pressure balance between the disc interior and external environment, a capillary tube is provided, which opens into an unperforated section of the spacer frame. The actual capillary tube is arranged in the outer space between the panes and is surrounded by secondary sealing means. The capillary tube is open to the outside environment. A disadvantage of this solution is the complicated production of the finished insulating glass unit, since the capillary is very sensitive.

DE 10 2005 002 285 A1 discloses a complicated insulating glass pressure equalization system with a capillary and a membrane, intended for use in the space between the panes of thermal insulation glasses. The pressure compensation system can also be integrated into an enlarged spacer. Another disadvantage is the complex integration of the pressure compensation system, which is fastened via stainless steel clips in recesses of the spacer.

US 4952430 describes a spacer with an applied mesh. For transporting air and water vapor aligned holes are provided which connect the environment with the interior of the insulating glass, in particular, the mesh is provided with a corresponding hole. EP 2006481 A2 describes an arrangement in which a pressure compensation valve passes through an opening of the outer wall of the spacer in the cavity of the

Spacer is placed. The pressure balance valve contains a membrane which is permeable to gas and water vapor.

The object of the present invention is to provide a spacer for insulating glass units, which allows easy production of an insulating unit with integrated pressure compensation, as well as an insulating glass unit, and to provide a simplified method for their preparation.

The object of the present invention is achieved by a spacer for insulating glass units according to the independent claim 1. Preferred embodiments of the invention will become apparent from the dependent claims.

An insulating glass unit according to the invention, a method for producing the insulating glass unit according to the invention and its use according to the invention are apparent from further independent claims.

The spacer according to the invention for insulating glass units comprises at least one hollow profile with a first side wall, a second side wall arranged parallel thereto, a glazing interior wall, an outer wall and a

Cavity. The cavity is enclosed by the side walls, the glazing interior wall and the exterior wall. The glazing interior wall is arranged perpendicular to the side walls and connects the first side wall with the second side wall. The side walls are the walls of the hollow profile to which the outer panes of the insulating glass unit are attached. The glazing interior wall is the wall of the hollow profile, which points to the inner space between the panes after installation in the finished insulating glass unit. The outer wall is arranged substantially parallel to the glazing interior wall and connects the first side wall to the second side wall. The outer wall has after installation in the finished insulating glass unit to the outer space between the panes. In a covered area on the outer wall, a semipermeable membrane is attached. "On the outer wall" means that the semipermeable membrane is mounted on the side of the outer wall facing away from the cavity of the hollow profile. The membrane therefore points in the finished insulating glass unit in the direction of the outer space between the panes. The membrane is gas-permeable and moisture-proof at the same time. The glazing interior wall and the outer wall are gas-permeable and moisture-permeable at least in the covered area. For the outer wall, this means that it is gas-permeable and permeable to moisture under the membrane. The cavity communicates in an insulating glass unit via the permeable glazing interior wall with the inner space between the panes. In a finished insulating glass unit, a pressure equalization can take place in the covered area through the membrane, at the same time the penetration of moisture into the inner space between the panes through the cover with the semipermeable membrane being prevented. The installation of such a spacer with membrane can be done without special precautions in the course of automated assembly of an insulating glass unit. There is no time-consuming subsequent installation of an additional pressure compensation element required. Thus, the spacer according to the invention is a surprisingly simple but at the same time highly effective way to integrate a pressure equalization in an insulating glazing. In particular, the membrane has no opening or opening. The membrane is in particular not part of a pressure compensation valve and thus used in no housing of such a valve.

The glazing interior wall can be made permeable along the entire hollow profile (in the longitudinal direction). Also, the outer wall may be designed to be permeable over the entire length of the hollow profile, in which case preferably additional measures are taken to prevent the ingress of moisture into the inner space between the panes.

The cavity of the spacer according to the invention leads to a weight reduction compared to a solid shaped spacer and is available for receiving other components, such as a desiccant available.

The first side wall and the second side wall represent the sides of the spacer at which the mounting of the outer panes of an insulating glass unit takes place during installation of the spacer. The first side wall and the second side wall are parallel to each other.

The outer wall of the hollow profile is the wall opposite the glazing inner wall, which extends from the interior of the insulating glass unit (inner pane between raum) away in the direction of the outer space between the panes. The outer wall preferably runs perpendicular to the side walls. However, the sections of the outer wall closest to the side walls may alternatively be inclined at an angle of preferably 30 ° to 60 ° to the outer wall in the direction of the side walls. This angled geometry improves the stability of the hollow profile and allows a better bonding of the hollow profile with a barrier film. A planar outer wall, which behaves in its entire course perpendicular to the side walls (parallel to the glazing interior wall), however, has the advantage that the sealing surface between spacers and side walls is maximized and a simpler design facilitates the production process.

The semipermeable membrane preferably contains a polypropylene, a polyamide, a polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), a polyester, a polymer from the group of perfluoroalkoxy polymers (PFA) and / or co-polymers thereof. Particularly preferably, the membrane contains a polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE). This achieves particularly good moisture diffusion density values. Most preferably, the membrane contains or consists of a stretched microporous PTFE (ePTFE). These membranes are very well suited for use as a pressure equalizing membrane and achieve optimal low values for the water vapor permeability with at the same time good processability.

Preferably, the MVTR (moisture vapor transmission rate) value of the gas-permeable and water vapor-tight membrane is between 0.001 g / (m ² d) and

0.005 g / (m ² d) [grams per square meter and day]. The MVTR value is a measurement that indicates the permeability of water vapor through the semipermeable membrane. It describes the amount of water in grams that diffuses through a square meter of material in 24 hours.

The thickness of the membrane is preferably in the range of 1 to 100 μηι. The pore size of the semipermeable membrane is preferably in the range of 0.01 μηι to 10 μηι. This achieved particularly good results.

Preferably, the semipermeable membrane is arranged on a carrier material, for example laminated. This may be a woven or knitted fabric. The area covered by the semipermeable membrane preferably extends in the longitudinal direction of the hollow profile over 0.1 cm to 12 cm, particularly preferably over 0.5 cm to 5 cm. In the transverse direction of the hollow profile, the membrane preferably extends over 6 mm to 50 mm, particularly preferably over 16 mm to 45 mm. Such an area is sufficient to allow pressure equalization. In order to save material costs, it is advantageous not to cover the covered area over the entire

Expand hollow profile.

In an alternative preferred embodiment, the covered area extends over the entire length of the hollow profile. This embodiment is very easy to produce, whereby production costs can be saved in the

Comparison to a spacer with a membrane attached in sections. In addition, a good seal is achieved.

In a preferred embodiment, the glazing interior wall has at least one perforation. Preferably, a plurality of perforations are mounted in the glazing interior wall. The total number of perforations depends on the size of the insulating glass unit. The perforations in the glazing interior wall connect the cavity to the inner space between the panes, allowing gas exchange therebetween. As a result, a recording of humidity is allowed by a desiccant located in the cavity and thus prevents fogging of the discs. The perforations are preferably designed as slots, particularly preferably as slots with a width of 0.2 mm and a length of 2 mm. The slots ensure optimal air exchange without the possibility of drying agents penetrating from the cavity into the inner space between the panes. At least in the covered area are in the outer wall

Arranged openings. The openings preferably have the same dimensions as the perforations in the glazing interior wall. The openings in the outer wall allow in the covered area a pressure equalization over the semipermeable membrane located there. The membrane contains no openings or openings. The perforations and the openings can be easily punched or drilled into the glazed inner wall and into the outer wall once the hollow profile has been produced. In an alternative preferred embodiment, the material of the glazing interior wall and the outer wall is made porous, so that no perforations and openings are required.

In a preferred embodiment of the spacer according to the invention, a diffusion barrier is mounted on the outer wall. The diffusion barrier prevents the penetration of moisture into the cavity of the spacer. The diffusion barrier is interrupted in the covered area. Broken means that the diffusion barrier contains openings that can be introduced in the process step of attaching openings in the outer wall, for example by punching. Alternatively preferably, no diffusion barrier is attached in the covered area. This can be realized by a recess in a barrier film or by an incomplete coating of the outer wall in this area. The interrupted execution of the diffusion barrier in the covered area ensures that a pressure equalization can take place through the semipermeable membrane arranged there.

Preferably, the diffusion barrier is a barrier film which is glued to the outer wall of the spacer or co-extruded together with the hollow profile. The barrier film may be a metal foil or a multilayer film with polymeric and metallic layers. The barrier film preferably contains at least one polymeric layer and also a metallic layer or a ceramic layer. The layer thickness of the polymeric layer is between 5 μm and 80 μm, while metallic layers and / or ceramic layers having a thickness of 10 nm to 200 nm are used. Within the stated layer thicknesses, a particularly good tightness of the barrier film is achieved.

Particularly preferably, the barrier film contains at least two metallic layers and / or ceramic layers, which are arranged alternately with at least one polymeric layer. In this case, the outer layers are preferably formed by the polymeric layer. The alternating layers of the barrier film can be bonded or applied to one another in a variety of methods known in the art. Methods for the deposition of metallic or ceramic layers are well known to those skilled in the art. The use of a barrier film with alternating layer sequence is particularly advantageous in terms of the tightness of the system. An error in one of the layers leads to this not to a loss of function of the barrier film. By comparison, even a small defect in a single layer can lead to complete failure. Furthermore, the application of several thin layers compared to a thick layer is advantageous, since the risk of internal adhesion problems increases with increasing layer thickness. Furthermore, thicker layers have a higher conductivity, so that such a film is thermodynamically less suitable.

The polymeric layer of the film preferably comprises polyethylene terephthalate, ethylene vinyl alcohol, polyvinylidene chloride, polyamides, polyethylene, polypropylene, silicones, acrylonitriles, polyacrylates, polymethyl acrylates and / or copolymers or mixtures thereof. The metallic layer preferably contains iron, aluminum, silver, copper, gold, chromium and / or alloys or oxides thereof. The ceramic layer of the film preferably contains silicon oxides and / or silicon nitrides.

The film preferably has a gas permeation of less than 0.001 g / (m ² h).

In an alternative preferred embodiment, the diffusion barrier is designed as a barrier coating. This barrier coating contains aluminum, aluminum oxides and / or silicon oxides and is preferably applied via a PVD process (physical vapor deposition). The coating containing aluminum, aluminum oxides and / or silicon oxides provides particularly good results in terms of tightness and additionally exhibits excellent adhesion properties to the secondary sealants used in insulating glass units.

The semipermeable membrane and the diffusion barrier may also be partially overlapped so as to be in the areas where the membrane to the

Diffusion barrier is limited to achieve optimal sealing.

The hollow profile is preferably designed as a rigid hollow profile. There are various materials, such as metals, polymers, fiber-reinforced polymers or wood in question. Metals are characterized by a high gas and vapor tightness. Preferably, the hollow profile contains aluminum, stainless steel and / or alloys thereof. These materials have a relatively low thermal conductivity. The use of materials with high thermal conductivity leads to the formation of a thermal bridge in the region of the edge bond, which leads to the accumulation of condensation on the inside of the glass pane at cold outside temperatures. By The use of materials with low thermal conductivity can avoid this problem. Corresponding spacers are referred to as "warm-edge" spacers, however, these low thermal conductivity materials often have inferior properties in terms of gas and vapor tightness.

In a preferred embodiment, the hollow profile contains biocomposites, polyethylene (PE), polycarbonates (PC), polypropylene (PP), polystyrene, polybutadiene, polynitriles, polyesters, polyurethanes, polymethyl methacrylates, polyacrylates, polyamides, polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polybutylene terephthalate (PBT ), Polyvinyl chloride (PVC), more preferably acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene (ABS), acrylic ester-styrene-acrylonitrile (ASA), acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene / polycarbonate (ABS / PC), styrene-acrylonitrile (SAN), PET / PC , PBT / PC, and / or copolymers or mixtures thereof.

Particularly preferably, the hollow profile spacer contains polymers and is glass fiber reinforced. The spacer preferably has a glass fiber content of 20% to 50%, particularly preferably from 30% to 40%. The glass fiber content in the polymeric spacer improves strength and stability. By selecting the glass fiber content in the spacer, the thermal expansion coefficient can be varied and adjusted. By adjusting the coefficient of thermal expansion of the spacer and the semipermeable membrane and a possibly existing diffusion barrier, temperature-induced stresses between the different materials can be avoided.

In a further preferred embodiment, the hollow profile spacer contains polymers and is filled by glass hollow spheres or glass bubbles. These hollow glass spheres have a diameter of 10 μm to 20 μm and improve the stability of the polymeric hollow profile. Suitable glass spheres are commercially available under the name "3M ™ Glass Bubbles." Particularly preferably, the hollow profile spacer contains polymers, glass fibers and glass beads An admixture of glass beads leads to an improvement in the thermal properties of the hollow profile.

The hollow profile preferably has a width of 5 mm to 45 mm, preferably 10 mm to 20 mm, along the glazing interior wall. The width is within the meaning of the invention extending between the side walls dimension. The width is the distance between the opposite surfaces of the two side walls. walls. By choosing the width of the glazing interior wall, the distance between the panes of the insulating glass unit is determined. The exact dimension of the glazing interior wall depends on the dimensions of the insulating glass unit and the desired space between the panes.

The hollow profile preferably has a height of 5 mm to 15 mm along the side walls, particularly preferably of 5 mm to 10 mm. In this area for the height of the spacer has a favorable stability, but on the other hand advantageously advantageous in the insulating glass unit inconspicuous. In addition, the cavity of the spacer on a beneficial size for receiving a suitable amount of desiccant. The height of the spacer is the distance between the opposite surfaces of the outer wall and the glazing interior wall.

The wall thickness d of the hollow profile is 0.5 mm to 15 mm, preferably 0.5 mm to 10 mm, particularly preferably 0.7 mm to 1, 2 mm.

The cavity preferably contains a desiccant, preferably silica gels,

Molecular sieves, CaCl ₂ , Na ₂ SO ₄ , activated carbon, silicates, bentonites, zeolites and / or mixtures thereof.

The invention further comprises an insulating glass unit having at least a first pane, a second pane, a peripheral spacer frame disposed between the first and second pane, an inner pane space, and an outer pane space. The spacer frame comprises at least one inventive spacer with membrane. The first disc is attached to the first sidewall of the spacer via a primary sealant, and the second disc is attached to the second sidewall via a primary sealant. That is, between the first side wall and the first disc and between the second side wall and the second disc, a primary sealing means is arranged. The first disc and the second disc are arranged in parallel and congruent. The edges of the two discs are therefore arranged flush in the edge region, that is, they are at the same height. The inner pane space is limited by the first and second pane and the glazing interior wall. The outer space between the panes is defined as the space bounded by the first pane, the second pane and the outer wall of the spacer. The outer pane space is at least partially filled with a secondary sealant. The secondary sealant abuts areas of the outer wall of the spacer. As a secondary sealant, for example, a plastic sealant is used. The secondary sealant contributes to the mechanical stability of the insulating glass unit and absorbs part of the climatic loads that act on the edge seal. The secondary sealant is arranged such that at least a portion of the semi-permeable membrane is free of secondary sealant so that pressure can be balanced across the semipermeable membrane between the inner space between the panes and the outside environment.

In a preferred embodiment of the insulating glass unit according to the invention, the spacer frame consists of one or more spacers according to the invention. It may, for example, be a spacer according to the invention, which is bent to a complete frame. It may also be a plurality of spacers according to the invention, which are linked together via one or more connectors. The connectors can be designed as a longitudinal connector or corner connector. Such corner connectors may for example be designed as a plastic molded part with a seal in which two provided with a fermentation section spacers collide.

In principle, the most varied geometries of the insulating glass unit are possible, for example rectangular, trapezoidal and rounded shapes. To produce round geometries, the spacer according to the invention can be bent, for example, in the heated state.

In a further preferred embodiment of the insulating glass unit according to the invention, the spacer frame comprises at least one spacer according to the invention and at least one conventional spacer without a semi-permeable membrane. A conventional spacer is understood to mean a hollow profile spacer according to the prior art without a membrane, but otherwise having the same construction as the spacer according to the invention, ie an outer wall, a glazing interior wall and two side walls enclosing a cavity. The advantage of an insulating glass unit with a spacer frame, which also includes conventional spacers, include the lower material costs compared to an insulating glass unit, which consists only of inventive spacers with semipermeable membrane. The secondary sealant is preferably disposed in the outer space between the panes so that the central area of the outer wall of the spacer is free of secondary sealant. The central area indicates the central area with respect to the two outer panes, as opposed to the two outer areas of the outer wall which are adjacent to the first pane and the second pane. In this way, a good stabilization of the insulating glass unit is achieved, at the same time saving material costs for the secondary sealant. At the same time, this arrangement can be easily produced by applying two strands of secondary sealant respectively to the outer wall in the outer region adjacent to the outer discs. This embodiment can be combined with both openings in the outer wall, which are arranged in the case in the central region, ie also with a porous outer wall.

In a further preferred embodiment, the secondary sealing means is arranged so that the entire outer space between the panes is completely filled with secondary sealant except for the covered area. This leads to a maximum stabilization of the insulating glass unit.

Preferably, the secondary sealant polymers or silane-modified polymers, more preferably organic polysulfides, silicones, room temperature vulcanizing (RTV) silicone rubber, peroxidischvernetzten silicone rubber and / or addition-crosslinked silicone rubber, polyurethanes and / or butyl rubber. These sealants have a particularly good stabilizing effect.

The primary sealant preferably contains a polyisobutylene. The polyisobutylene may be a crosslinking or non-crosslinking polyisobutylene.

The first pane and the second pane of the insulating glass unit preferably contain glass and / or polymers, particularly preferably quartz glass, borosilicate glass, soda lime glass, polymethyl methacrylate and / or mixtures thereof.

The first disc and the second disc have a thickness of 2 mm to 50 mm, preferably 3 mm to 16 mm, both discs can also have different thicknesses. In a further embodiment, the insulating glazing comprises more than two panes. In this case, the spacer may for example contain grooves in which at least one further disc is arranged. It could also be formed several discs as a laminated glass.

The invention further comprises a method for producing an insulating glass unit according to the invention. The production of the insulating glass unit is carried out by machine on double glazing installations known to the person skilled in the art. Preferably, first of all, a spacer frame is provided at least comprising a spacer according to the invention with a semipermeable membrane. This can be done, for example, by connecting individual spacers using corner connectors. A first disc and a second disc are provided and the spacer frame is fixed by primary sealing means between the first and second discs. The spacer frame is placed with the first sidewall of the spacer on the first disc and fixed over the primary sealant. Subsequently, the second disc is placed congruent to the first disc on the second side wall of the spacer and also fixed on the primary sealant and the disc assembly is pressed. The outer space between the panes is at least partially filled with a secondary sealant, the semipermeable membrane being at least partially uncovered with the secondary sealant. This allows pressure equalization between the inner space between the panes and the outside environment. The inventive method thus enables the simple production of an insulating glass unit with integrated pressure equalization on a conventional double-glazing system.

In the following the invention will be explained in more detail with reference to drawings. The drawings are purely schematic representations and not to scale. They do not limit the invention in any way. Show it:

1 shows a perspective cross section of a possible embodiment of a conventional spacer according to the prior art,

2a shows a perspective cross-section of a possible embodiment of the spacer according to the invention,

2b shows a cross section through the diffusion barrier with membrane along the

Line Β '- B ", 3a shows a cross section of a further possible embodiment of the spacer according to the invention,

Figure 3b shows a cross section through the diffusion barrier with membrane along the

Line C - C ",

4 shows a cross section of a further possible embodiment of the

spacer according to the invention,

Figure 5 is a cross-section of a possible embodiment of the

Insulating glass unit according to the invention,

Figure 6 is a perspective cross-section of another possible

Embodiment of the insulating glass unit according to the invention, Figure 7 shows a cross section of a spacer frame with inventive

Spacer

8 shows a cross section of a further spacer frame with

inventive spacer.

Figure 1 shows a cross section of a conventional spacer according to the prior art without a pressure equalization option. The hollow profile 1 comprises a first side wall 2.1, a parallel thereto side wall 2.2, a glazing interior wall 3 and an outer wall 4. The glazing interior wall 3 is perpendicular to the side walls 2.1 and 2.2 and connects the two side walls. The outer wall 4 lies opposite the glazing inner wall 3 and connects the two side walls 2.1 and 2.2. The outer wall 4 extends substantially perpendicular to the side walls 2.1 and 2.2. However, the side walls 2.1 and 2.2 nearest sections 4.1 and 4.2 of the outer wall 4 are inclined at an angle α (alpha) of about 45 ⁰ to the outer wall 4 in the direction of the side walls 2.1 and 2.2. The angled geometry improves the stability of the hollow profile 1 and allows better bonding with a barrier film 12. The wall thickness d of the hollow profile is 1 mm. The hollow profile 1 has, for example, a height h of 6.5 mm and a width of 15 mm. The outer wall 4, the glazing inner wall 3 and the two side walls 2.1 and 2.2 enclose the cavity 5. In the glazing interior wall 3 perforations 24 are mounted, which establish a connection to the inner space between the panes in the insulating glass unit. On the entire outer wall 4 and about half of the side walls 2.1 and 2.2, a gas and vapor-tight barrier film 12 is attached. Figure 2a shows a cross section of a spacer according to the invention I. The construction of the spacer shown corresponds in its basic features to the structure of the spacer shown in Figure 1. The hollow profile 1 is a polymeric glass fiber reinforced hollow profile containing styrene-acrylonitrile (SAN) with about 35 wt .-% glass fiber. The polymeric glass fiber reinforced hollow profile 1 is characterized by a particularly low thermal conductivity and at the same time a high stability. The glazing interior wall 3 contains perforations 24, which establish a connection to the inner space between the panes 15 in the insulating glass unit. The cavity 5, for example, a desiccant 1 1 record. Via the perforations 24 in the glazing interior wall 3, the desiccant 1 1 can then absorb moisture from the inner space between the panes 15. In the outer wall 4 1 openings 25 are longitudinally along the entire hollow profile attached. These

Openings 25 are covered with a barrier film 12 into which a semipermeable membrane 6 is embedded. FIG. 2b shows a possible embodiment of the barrier film 12 with a semipermeable membrane 6 which has been glued over a cutout in the barrier film 12. The membrane 6 and the barrier film 12 overlap in an overlapping area. The semipermeable membrane 6 is a PTFE membrane. In the area of the semipermeable membrane 6, a pressure equalization can take place via the openings 25 arranged in the outer wall 4 in the finished insulating glass unit II. At the same time, the membrane 6 prevents moisture from penetrating into the inner space between the panes. The barrier foil 12 can be fastened to the hollow profile 1, for example with a polyurethane hotmelt adhesive. The barrier film 12 comprises four polymeric layers of polyethylene terephthalate having a thickness of 12 μm and three metallic layers of aluminum having a thickness of 50 nm. The metallic layers and the polymeric layers are each mounted alternately, the two outer layers of polymeric Layers are formed.

FIG. 3 a shows a cross section of a further spacer 1 according to the invention. The structure corresponds in its basic features to that of the spacer shown in FIG. 2. The difference lies in the attachment of the membrane 6 on the barrier film 12 and the attachment of the openings 25 in the outer wall 4. The barrier film 12 extends over the entire length of the hollow profile. 1 In the covered area 9, openings 25 are punched into the outer wall 4 by the barrier film 12 (see FIG. 3b). On the barrier film 12, the semi-permeable membrane 6 is glued. Thus, in the covered area 9 through the membrane 6, under which the openings 25 in the Outside wall are attached, a pressure equalization take place. By the attachment of the barrier film 12 along the length of the entire hollow profile 1, the spacer I is very effectively sealed and easy to manufacture.

FIG. 4 shows a cross section of a further spacer 1 according to the invention. The structure of the hollow profile 1 corresponds to that shown in FIG. In this case, a semipermeable ePTFE membrane 6 is welded on the outer wall 4. By welding a particularly stable and durable connection is obtained. The membrane 6 extends over the entire length of the hollow profile and covers all openings 25 in the outer wall. In the drawing, only a part of the membrane 6 is shown to show that the openings 25 are mounted in the outer wall along the entire hollow profile 1. This embodiment is particularly easy to produce.

5 shows a cross section of the edge region of an insulating glass unit II according to the invention with the spacer I illustrated in FIG. 2 along the line A'-A '. In the cross section, no opening 25 is provided in the outer wall 4 and glazing inner wall 3. The first pane 13 is connected to the first side wall 2.1 of the spacer I via a primary sealant 17, and the second disk 14 is attached to the second side wall 2.2 via the primary sealant 17. The primary sealant 17 contains a crosslinking polyisobutylene the first disk 13 and the second disk 14 and is bounded by the glazing inner wall 3 of the spacer I according to the invention. The cavity 5 is provided with a desiccant 1 1, for

Example Molsieb, filled. Via perforations 24 (not shown here, but shown in Figure 2) in the glazing interior wall 3, the cavity 5 is connected to the inner sliding gap 15. Through the perforations 24 in the glazing interior wall 3, a gas exchange takes place between the cavity 5 and the inner pane intermediate space 15, wherein the desiccant 1 1 the

Humidity from the inner pane space 15 receives. The openings 25 (not shown here, but shown in Figure 2) in the outer wall 4 of the hollow section 1 are sealed with the barrier film 12. The first disc 13 and the second disc 14 protrude beyond the side walls 2.1 and 2.2, so that an outer space between the discs 16 is formed, which is located between the first disc 13 and the second disc 14 and is limited by the outer wall of the spacer 4. The edge 21 of the first disc 13 and the edge 22 of the second disc 14 are at a height arranged. The outer pane space 16 is with a secondary

Sealant 18 filled. Since the cross section passes through a region sealed with barrier film 12, the entire outer space between the panes 16 is filled with secondary sealant 18 in this area. The secondary sealant 18 is, for example, a silicone. Silicones absorb the forces acting on the edge bond particularly well and thus contribute to a high stability of the insulating glass unit II. The first disc 13 and the second disc 14 are made of soda-lime glass having a thickness of 3 mm.

FIG. 6 shows a view of a further possible embodiment of the insulating glass unit II according to the invention. The spacer I according to the invention corresponds in its basic features to the spacer I shown in FIG. 4. The semipermeable membrane 6 extends over the entire length of the hollow profile 1. The first disc 13 is attached via a primary sealing means 17 on the first side wall 2.1. The inner space between the panes 15 is located between the first pane 13 and the second pane 14 and is bounded by the glazing interior wall 3 of the spacer I according to the invention. The cavity 5 is filled with a desiccant 11, for example molecular sieve (not shown in the drawing for the sake of clarity). Through the perforations 24 in the glazing interior wall 3 there is a gas exchange between the cavity 5 and the inner space between the panes 15, wherein the desiccant 1 1 absorbs the humidity from the inner space between the panes 15. The second disc 14 is mounted parallel and congruent to the first disc 13 and attached via the primary sealant 17 to the second side wall 2.2. The edges of the two discs 21 and 22 are thus arranged at the same height. In the outer space between the panes 16, an organic polysulfide is attached as a secondary sealing means 18. The middle region 27 of the outer wall 4 is free of secondary sealing means 18. Thus, via the membrane 6 arranged in the openings 25 in the outer wall 4, a gas exchange with the cavity 5 take place, which is connected to the inner disc space 15. This connection can be used to equalize the pressure with the environment. At the same time, penetration of moisture into the insulating glazing by the membrane 6 is prevented. The secondary sealing means 18 is mounted on the two outer regions 26 of the outer wall 4 and adjacent to the first and the second disc. So will a good stabilization of

Insulating glazing achieved while secondary secondary sealant 18 is saved. FIG. 7 shows a spacer frame 8 with a spacer I according to the invention. The spacer frame 8 consists of a spacer I according to the invention bent into a frame and a corner connector 19. The hollow profile 1 is essentially constructed as described in FIG. In addition, in the outer wall 4 of the hollow profile also openings 25 are mounted (shown in the drawing by a broken line). The corner connector 19 connects the two ends of the hollow profile 1 to a complete frame. In the covered area 9, an ePTFE membrane 6 is arranged on the outer wall 4. The remaining outer wall 4 is provided with a barrier film 12. The area provided with the barrier film 12 is referred to as the sealed area 10. In the barrier film 12 no openings 25 are arranged. In the sealed area 10 is no exchange of gas or

Moisture between cavity 5 and environment possible. In the covered area 9, an exchange of gas through the semipermeable membrane 6 is possible, so that pressure equalization can take place in the insulating glass unit according to the invention. In the covered area 9, at least the area in which the openings 25 are located in the outer wall 4 must remain free of secondary sealing means 18 in the insulating glass unit. Along the sealed area 10, the entire outer pane space 16 can be filled with secondary sealant 18. The arrangement of the covered area 9 along only one side of the rectangular spacer frame 8 leads to a cost reduction of the overall structure, since the membrane is usually more expensive than the barrier film 12. In addition, the sealing of the overall structure improves, as achieved with the barrier film 12 an even better seal can be as with the membrane.

FIG. 8 shows a further possible embodiment of a spacer frame 8 with spacer I according to the invention. The spacer frame 8 shown comprises three spacers according to the prior art and a spacer I according to the invention in the covered region 9. The spacer according to the prior art contains no openings 25 in FIG Outer wall 4, in contrast to the inventive spacer I. The inventive spacer I contains perforations 24 in the glazing interior wall 3 and openings 25 in the outer wall 4. The semipermeable ePTFE membrane 6 is arranged along the entire length of the hollow profile 1 in the covered section 9. The individual hollow profiles 1 are connected via corner connectors 19. Thus, by simply installing a spacer I according to the invention via connectors 19, a spacer frame 8 for an insulating glass unit with integrated pressure compensation can be obtained. LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

I spacers

II insulating glass unit

I hollow profile

2.1 first side wall

2.2 second side wall

3 glazing interior wall

4 outer wall

5 cavity

6 semipermeable membrane

8 spacer frame

9 covered area

10 sealed area

I I desiccant

12 diffusion barrier / barrier film / barrier coating

13 first disc

14 second disc

15 inner pane space

16 outer pane space

17 primary sealant

18 secondary sealant

19 corner connectors / connectors

21 edge of the first disc

22 edge of the second disc

24 perforation in the glazing interior wall

25 opening in the outer wall

26 outer area of the outer wall

27 middle area of the outer wall

Claims

claims

1 . Spacer (I) for insulating glass units, at least comprising

a hollow profile (1) comprising

a first side wall (2.1); a second side wall (2.2) arranged parallel thereto;

a vertical glazing interior wall (3) arranged perpendicular to the side walls (2.1, 2.2) connecting the side walls (2.1, 2.2) with each other;

an outer wall (4) substantially parallel to

Glazing interior wall (3) is arranged and the side walls (2.1, 2.2) interconnected;

a cavity (5) extending from the side walls (2.1, 2.2), the

Glazing interior wall (3) and the outer wall (4) is enclosed, wherein in a covered area (9) on the outer wall (4) a semipermeable membrane (6) is mounted,

the semipermeable membrane (6) is gas-permeable and moisture-proof, and the outer wall (4) and the glazing interior wall (3) are gas-permeable and moisture-permeable at least in the covered area (9).

2. Spacer (I) according to claim 1, wherein the semipermeable membrane (6) is a polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), preferably a stretched microporous

Contains or consists of polytetrafluoroethylene (ePTFE).

3. Spacer (I) according to one of claims 1 or 2, wherein the MVTR (Moisture Vapor Transmission Rate) value of the semipermeable membrane (6) between 0.001 g / (m ² d) and 0.005 g / (m ² d) lies.

4. Spacer (I) according to one of claims 1 to 3, wherein perforations (24) in the glazing interior wall (3) are mounted and openings (25) at least in the covered area (9) in the outer wall (4) are mounted.

5. Spacer (I) according to one of claims 1 to 4, wherein on the outer wall (4) a diffusion barrier (12) is mounted, which is interrupted in the covered area (9).

The spacer (I) of claim 5, wherein the diffusion barrier (12) is a barrier film.

7. Spacer (I) according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the hollow profile (1) contains metals, preferably aluminum, stainless steel and / or alloys thereof.

8. Spacer (I) according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the hollow profile (1) biocomposites, polyethylene (PE), polycarbonates (PC), polypropylene (PP), polystyrene, polybutadiene, polynitriles, polyesters, polyurethanes, polymethyl methacrylates .

Polyacrylates, polyamides, polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polybutylene terephthalate (PBT), polyvinyl chloride (PVC), more preferably acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene (ABS), acrylic ester-styrene-acrylonitrile (ASA), acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene / polycarbonate (ABS / PC ), Styrene-acrylonitrile (SAN), PET / PC, PBT / PC, and / or copolymers or mixtures thereof.

9. insulating glass unit (II), at least comprising a first disc (13), a second disc (14), between a first disc (13) and second disc (14) circumferentially arranged spacer frame (8) comprising at least one spacer (I) according to one of claims 1 to 8, an inner

A disc space (15) and an outer space between the panes (16), the first pane (13) being connected to the first pane by means of a primary sealing means (17)

Sidewall (2.1) is attached,

the second disc (14) is attached to the second side wall (2.2) via a primary sealing means (17),

the inner space between the panes (15) is delimited by the glazing inner wall (3), the first pane (13) and the second pane (14),

the outer pane space (16) of the outer wall (4) of the

Spacer (I) and the first disc (13) and the second disc (14) is limited,

a secondary sealant (18) is disposed in the outer pane space (16) such that the semi-permeable membrane (6) is at least partially free of secondary sealant (18) and via the semi-permeable membrane (6)

Pressure equalization between inner disc space (15) and outer

Environment can take place.

10. insulating glass unit (II) according to claim 9, wherein the spacer frame (8) consists of one or more spacers according to the invention (I) and optionally one or more connectors (19).

1 1. Insulating glass unit (II) according to claim 9, wherein the spacer frame (8) comprises at least one spacer (I) according to the invention and at least one conventional spacer without a semipermeable membrane (6).

12. insulating glass unit (II) according to any one of claims 9 to 1 1, wherein the secondary sealing means (18) on the outer wall (4) in the outer region (26) along the first disc (13) and the second disc (14) is applied in that a middle region (27) of the outer wall (4) is free of secondary sealing means (18).

13. A method for producing an insulating glass unit (II) according to any one of claims 9 to 12, comprising:

Providing a spacer frame (8), at least comprising a spacer (I) according to the invention according to one of claims 1 to 8,

Providing a first disc (13) and a second disc (14),

Fixing the spacer frame (8) via a primary sealing means (17) between the first disc (13) and the second disc (14),

Pressing the disc assembly of the discs (13, 14) and the spacer frame (8), and

at least partially filling the outer pane clearance (15) with a secondary sealant (18), the semi-permeable membrane (6) not being at least partially covered by the secondary sealant (18).

14. Use of the insulating glass unit (II) according to one of claims 9 to 12 as building interior glazing, building exterior glazing and / or facade glazing.