WO2017092560A1 - 生成路由信息及确定传输路径的方法、装置 - Google Patents

生成路由信息及确定传输路径的方法、装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2017092560A1
WO2017092560A1 PCT/CN2016/105374 CN2016105374W WO2017092560A1 WO 2017092560 A1 WO2017092560 A1 WO 2017092560A1 CN 2016105374 W CN2016105374 W CN 2016105374W WO 2017092560 A1 WO2017092560 A1 WO 2017092560A1
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transmission
node
path
nodes
routing information
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English (en)
French (fr)
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谌丽
秦飞
焦斌
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China Academy of Telecommunications Technology CATT
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China Academy of Telecommunications Technology CATT
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W40/00—Communication routing or communication path finding
    • H04W40/02—Communication route or path selection, e.g. power-based or shortest path routing
    • H04W40/12—Communication route or path selection, e.g. power-based or shortest path routing based on transmission quality or channel quality
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W40/00—Communication routing or communication path finding
    • H04W40/02—Communication route or path selection, e.g. power-based or shortest path routing
    • H04W40/12—Communication route or path selection, e.g. power-based or shortest path routing based on transmission quality or channel quality
    • H04W40/16—Communication route or path selection, e.g. power-based or shortest path routing based on transmission quality or channel quality based on interference
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W40/00—Communication routing or communication path finding
    • H04W40/24—Connectivity information management, e.g. connectivity discovery or connectivity update
    • H04W40/248—Connectivity information update
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02D—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES [ICT], I.E. INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES AIMING AT THE REDUCTION OF THEIR OWN ENERGY USE
    • Y02D30/00—Reducing energy consumption in communication networks
    • Y02D30/70—Reducing energy consumption in communication networks in wireless communication networks

Definitions

  • the present application relates to the field of wireless communication technologies, and in particular, to a method and an apparatus for generating routing information and determining a transmission path.
  • the distributed network can avoid the core network delay of the traditional cellular network, so that the network side delay is minimized, and the end-to-end delay basically depends on the air interface transmission delay between the transceivers.
  • a common method is as follows: the transmitting end node uses the flooding method to broadcast data and target node information to neighboring nodes; after receiving the data and the target node information, the neighboring nodes still use the broadcast mode according to their own capabilities and resource usage. Forwarding data and target node information to the neighboring nodes; forwarding in turn until the target node receives the data of the sending node.
  • the disadvantage of this method is that the transmission efficiency is low and the delay is not well controlled.
  • the present application provides a method and apparatus for generating routing information and determining a transmission path for implementing effective data routing under a distributed wireless network system architecture to ensure low latency and high reliability requirements.
  • a method for generating routing information is provided in the embodiment of the present application, including:
  • routing information stores one or more paths capable of data transmission between the pair of transmission nodes, and/or transmission parameters when the path is in data transmission.
  • determining a path that can be used for data transmission between the pair of transmission nodes including:
  • the capacity of the different transmission paths is estimated based on the location and/or channel conditions of the transmission node, and/or the location and/or channel conditions of the possible intermediate nodes, and the path between the pair of transmission nodes capable of data transmission is determined according to the maximum capacity criterion.
  • a path between data transmission nodes that cannot be transmitted between the pairs of transmission nodes is determined according to a signal to noise ratio and/or a signal to interference and noise ratio.
  • the location and/or channel conditions of the transmitting node, and/or the location and/or channel conditions of possible intermediate nodes are determined by one or a combination of the following: location and channel conditions pre-configured for the node
  • the information is determined, determined by the high-level node notification, determined by the transmission node and the reporting information of the intermediate transmission node through which the path passes.
  • determining transmission parameters of each path when performing data transmission where the transmission parameter includes one or a combination of the following parameters: transmission delay, Signal to noise ratio, block error rate, system capacity.
  • routing information is generated when one of the following conditions or a combination thereof is met:
  • the transmission node is changed in position
  • the transmission node has a channel change to the distributed network in which it is located;
  • the time when the routing information was last generated exceeds the preset time
  • the transit node pair is deleted
  • the route indication carries one or a combination of the following information: the routing information, and the saved in the routing information One or more paths, transmission parameters of each path saved in the routing information when performing data transmission, and transmission paths determined according to the routing information.
  • sending the routing indication to one or two transmission nodes in the pair of transmission nodes, and/or the intermediate node accessing the network in one or two transmission nodes in the pair of transmission nodes, or
  • the routing indication is sent to one or both of the transport node pairs, and/or intermediate nodes.
  • a method for determining a transmission path including:
  • routing indication On the transmitting node and/or the intermediate node, where the routing indication carries one or a combination of the following information: routing information, each path saved in the routing information, and each path saved in the routing information Number a transmission path determined according to the routing information, wherein the routing information is generated on a control node, where each of the routing information stores a data transmission between the pair of transmission nodes The transmission parameters of the path, and/or each path when performing data transmission;
  • the path for data transmission is determined based on the routing indication, and/or the service requirements and the current transmission parameters.
  • the service requirement and the current transmission parameter include one or a combination of the following parameters: a transmission delay determined according to the service requirement, a current channel condition, a current interference condition, a current occupancy of the channel resource on the transmission path, and a current System capacity.
  • the method further includes:
  • One of the following nodes or a combination thereof is notified: a receiving end in the transmitting node pair, an intermediate node in the transmission path, and a control node.
  • An apparatus for generating routing information including:
  • a node pair determining module configured to determine, on the control node, a pair of transmitting nodes that may perform data transmission
  • a path determining module configured to determine a path capable of data transmission between the pair of transmitting nodes
  • the routing information module is configured to generate routing information, where the routing information stores one or more paths capable of data transmission between the pair of transmission nodes, and/or transmission parameters when the path is in data transmission.
  • the path determining module is further configured to determine a location and/or a channel condition of the transmitting node when determining a path between the pair of transmitting nodes capable of data transmission, and/or a location of the possible intermediate node and/or Channel conditions; estimating the capacity of different transmission paths based on the location and/or channel conditions of the transmitting node, and/or the location and/or channel conditions of the possible intermediate nodes, and determining the data transmission between the pair of transmitting nodes according to the maximum capacity criterion path.
  • the path determining module is further configured to: according to the location and/or channel status of the transmitting node, and/or the location and/or channel status of the possible intermediate node, according to the sending power of the transmitting end of the transmitting node, and according to The location and/or channel conditions of the transmitting node, and/or the channel fading information determined by the location and/or channel conditions of the intermediate node, the noise floor to obtain the signal to noise ratio; and/or the interference information obtained from empirical or historical information, Transmitting node transmit power of the transmitting end, and channel fading information determined according to the location and/or channel condition of the transmitting node, and noise to obtain a signal to interference and noise ratio; determining a pair of transmitting nodes according to a signal to noise ratio and/or a signal to interference and noise ratio A path that cannot be used for data transmission.
  • the path determining module is further configured to determine a location and/or a channel condition of the transmitting node by one or a combination thereof, and/or a location and/or a channel condition of the possible intermediate node: by pre-configuring the node
  • the location and channel status information is determined, determined by the high-level node notification, determined by the transmission node and the reporting information of the intermediate transmission node through which the path passes.
  • the routing information module is further configured to: when determining a path that can be used for data transmission between the pair of transmission nodes, determine a transmission parameter that includes one of the following parameters or a combination thereof when performing data transmission: a transmission delay , Signal to noise ratio, block error rate, system capacity.
  • the routing information module is further configured to generate routing information when one of the following conditions or a combination thereof is met:
  • the transmission node is changed in position
  • the transmission node has a channel change to the distributed network in which it is located;
  • the time when the routing information was last generated exceeds the preset time
  • the transit node pair is deleted
  • a routing indication module configured to send a routing indication to one or two of the transit node, and/or the intermediate node, where the routing indication carries one or a combination of the following information: the routing information, the One or more paths stored in the routing information, transmission parameters when data is transmitted in each path stored in the routing information, and a transmission path determined according to the routing information.
  • the route indication module is further configured to: when sending the route indication to one or two transmission nodes of the pair of transmission nodes, and/or the intermediate node, one or two of the pair of transmission nodes When the transmitting nodes access the network, or enter a specific cluster, or may constitute a pair of transmitting nodes, the routing indication is sent to one or two of the transmitting node pairs, and/or the intermediate node.
  • An apparatus for determining a transmission path including:
  • a receiving module configured to receive a routing indication on the transmitting node and/or the intermediate node, where the routing indication carries one or a combination of the following information: routing information, each path saved in the routing information, and the routing information a transmission parameter of each saved path when performing data transmission, a transmission path determined according to the routing information, wherein the routing information is generated on a control node, where the routing information is stored between the pair of transmission nodes
  • the routing indication carries one or a combination of the following information: routing information, each path saved in the routing information, and the routing information a transmission parameter of each saved path when performing data transmission, a transmission path determined according to the routing information, wherein the routing information is generated on a control node, where the routing information is stored between the pair of transmission nodes
  • a determining module is configured to determine a path for performing data transmission according to the routing indication, and/or the service requirement and the current transmission parameter.
  • the determining module is further configured to determine a path for performing data transmission according to a service requirement including one or a combination of the following parameters and a current transmission parameter: a transmission delay determined according to a service requirement, a current channel condition, and a current interference. The situation, the current occupancy of the channel resources on the transmission path, and the current system capacity.
  • the notification module is configured to notify one of the following nodes or a combination thereof after determining the path for performing data transmission: a receiving end in the transmitting node pair, an intermediate node in the transmission path, and a control node.
  • An apparatus for generating routing information including:
  • a processor for reading a program in the memory performing the following process:
  • routing information stores one or more paths capable of data transmission between the pair of transmission nodes, and/or transmission parameters when the path is in data transmission;
  • a transceiver for transmitting and receiving data under the control of a processor.
  • An apparatus for determining a transmission path including:
  • a processor for reading a program in the memory performing the following process:
  • a transceiver for transmitting and receiving data under the control of a processor performing the following processes:
  • routing indication On the transmitting node and/or the intermediate node, where the routing indication carries one or a combination of the following information: routing information, each path saved in the routing information, and each path saved in the routing information a transmission parameter when the data is transmitted, and a transmission path determined according to the routing information, wherein the routing information is generated on the control node, and the routing information stores a data transmission between the pair of transmission nodes. Transmission parameters for each path, and/or each path when data is transmitted.
  • the control node generates routing information after the path of the data transmission between the pair of transmission nodes is determined in advance, and the transmission parameters of each path are used; The path is selected according to the service requirements such as delay and reliability, and the current transmission parameters, or directly according to the routing information.
  • the solution provided by the embodiment of the present application combines centralized routing management and distributed routing, which makes the transmission delay and reliable.
  • the business needs such as sex are controllable, and on the other hand, the flexibility of the distributed system with multiple path options is fully utilized.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a distributed network in an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic flowchart of an implementation method of generating routing information on a control node in an embodiment of the present application
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a routing environment according to Embodiment 1 of the present application.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic flowchart of a method for implementing a method for determining a transmission path according to an embodiment of the present application
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of an apparatus for generating routing information according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of an apparatus for determining a transmission path in an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of a control node in an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of an end node in an embodiment of the present application.
  • the distributed network can avoid the core network delay of the traditional cellular network, so that the network side delay is minimized, but the disadvantage is that the transmission efficiency is low and the delay is not well controlled. The following description will be made.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a distributed network.
  • the network includes a large number of distributed deployment EPs (End Point), and the EP passes through the local control node service center DSC (Distribute Service Center, distributed service center). ) to access the high-level network according to the needs of the EP.
  • the distributed access network mainly involves two access network nodes: EP and DSC.
  • the end node EP is bound to a specific physical device as a module with communication functions, such as various sensor sensors, actuator actuators, accelerators, brake devices, robot arms, aircraft, automobiles, bicycles, safety helmets, smart glasses, smart watches. Wait.
  • the communication functions of the EP are mainly for communication scenarios of close distance (for example, less than 100 m) and low data rates (for example, less than 1000 bits/s).
  • the two end nodes of point-to-point communication are called end node pairs.
  • the distributed service center DSC and the surrounding End Points form a cluster, and the DSC is responsible for managing and maintaining the cluster.
  • DSC In terms of business layer and cluster member management, DSC is responsible for participating in the maintenance of member lists, for cluster member authentication, and for maintaining the device types and service requirements associated with EndPoint.
  • the DSC acts as a control point for the cluster and is also responsible for coordinating communication with other neighboring clusters.
  • the data transmission mode between the end nodes includes: direct communication between terminals; multi-hop communication between terminals; the terminals in the cluster all transmit data with the aggregation node, and the aggregation nodes aggregate data with other nodes or data servers. Perform data interaction.
  • a common method is as follows: the transmitting end node uses the flooding method to broadcast data and target node information to neighboring nodes; after receiving the data and the target node information, the neighboring nodes still use the broadcast mode according to their own capabilities and resource usage. Forward data to neighboring nodes And target node information; forwarded in turn until the target node receives the data of the sending node. Therefore, this method has the disadvantages of low transmission efficiency and poor control of delay.
  • the embodiment of the present application provides a method and apparatus for generating routing information and determining a transmission path, which are used to implement effective data routing under a distributed wireless network system architecture to ensure low latency and high reliability requirements. Wait for the request.
  • the implementation of the routing information generated by the control node is first described, and then the implementation of the routing information sent by the control node to the transmitting node is described. Finally, the implementation of the transmission path determined by the transmitting node according to the routing information is described. It will be explained with specific examples. The description process will involve the separate implementation and coordination implementation of the control node and the transmission node respectively, but this does not mean that the two must be implemented separately or in cooperation. In fact, when the two are implemented separately, they each solve their own side. The problem, but when used together, will get better technical results. The details will be described below.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic flowchart of a method for generating routing information on a control node, as shown in the figure, which may include:
  • Step 201 Determine, on the control node, a pair of transmission nodes that may perform data transmission;
  • Step 202 Determine a path that can be used for data transmission between the pair of transmission nodes.
  • Step 203 Generate routing information, where the routing information stores one or more paths that can perform data transmission between the pair of transmission nodes, and/or transmission parameters when the path performs data transmission.
  • control node and the transmission node in the embodiment will be described.
  • Control node The control node that generates the routing information is divided according to the function of the node, that is, when a node has the management control function, it is the control node in the embodiment, and the control node in the implementation has the ability to acquire the generated route. Information required for information, and the ability to process such information.
  • the control node may be a DSC, a cluster head, or a higher-level node that manages multiple clusters, because in general, these nodes are nodes with management control functions.
  • control node in the scheme is determined by whether the node has the management control function
  • the implementation is not limited to these nodes, and the function of the node in the network can be combined to determine whether it is controlled during the implementation process. node.
  • a transport node in a scheme refers to a node that performs data transmission.
  • the node is independent of its own attributes or functions.
  • the transit node may be an end node or a DSC with management functions.
  • the transit node usually appears on the transmission path.
  • the transit node in this scheme is called an intermediate node.
  • the routing information may be expressed in the form of a table, which is referred to as a routing table in the example, but obviously, the table is the most common and relatively common form, so as an example, other The form is also ok, and it can be selected as needed in practice.
  • the transmission parameter refers to various parameters that can be used to evaluate the transmission path during data transmission.
  • the number can be used by the transport node to choose the best path.
  • the control node generates routing information to provide a selective reference to the transmitting node, thereby being able to combine the advantages of centralized routing management and distributed routing. Therefore, the determination of the transmission parameters can be selected according to actual needs. In this case, the signal-to-noise ratio, block error rate, system capacity, and delay are the more commonly used parameters.
  • determining a path that can be used for data transmission between the pair of transmission nodes includes:
  • the capacity of the different transmission paths is estimated based on the location and/or channel conditions of the transmission node, and/or the location and/or channel conditions of the possible intermediate nodes, and the path between the pair of transmission nodes capable of data transmission is determined according to the maximum capacity criterion.
  • the routing table generation manner may be: the control node manages the location of the transmission node and/or the channel status in the distributed network, and then estimates the capacity of different transmission paths, obtains possible paths between different pairs of transmission nodes according to the maximum capacity criterion, and produces a routing table. Taking two transmitting nodes (nodes 1, 2), two receiving nodes (nodes 3, 4), and multiple possible intermediate nodes as an example, the transmitting node may send data to any one of the receiving nodes.
  • the routing table format can be roughly as shown in Table 1:
  • control node acquires the information of the transmission node pair that may perform data transmission
  • the control node obtains the location information of these transmission node pairs and other possible intermediate transmission nodes, and the basic conditions of the channel, for example, whether the transmission node is deployed indoors or outdoors, whether there is a wall barrier between the transmission nodes, and whether the specific transmission node has a large Fading shielding, etc., thereby obtaining information such as distance between transmission nodes, path loss, large-scale fading, and the like, thereby obtaining channel fading information.
  • the manner in which the control node obtains the location or channel status of the transmitting node and the intermediate transmitting node may be pre-configured transmission node location and channel status information, or learned from the upper node, or reported by the transmitting node and the intermediate transmitting node. That is, the location and/or channel conditions of the transmitting node, and/or the location and/or channel conditions of possible intermediate nodes may be determined by one or a combination of the following: location and channel conditions pre-configured for the node
  • the information is determined, determined by the high-level node notification, determined by the transmission node and the reporting information of the intermediate transmission node through which the path passes.
  • the control node obtains the signal-to-noise ratio according to the transmit power of the sender and the channel fading information obtained by the previous link and the noise floor; or obtain statistical interference information according to experience or historical information, combined with the transmit power of the sender, signal fading,
  • the noise floor obtains the signal to interference and noise ratio.
  • the noise floor is obtained according to the transmission characteristics and the empirical formula under the application scenario.
  • control node may also make a decision by using a signal-to-noise ratio or a signal-to-interference ratio, and the channel with a signal-to-noise ratio or a signal-to-interference ratio less than a certain threshold may be considered as unavailable, and the subsequent transmission path may not pass through the channel when selected. That is, after determining the location and/or channel conditions of the transmitting node, and/or the location and/or channel conditions of the possible intermediate nodes, it may further comprise:
  • a path between data transmission nodes that cannot be transmitted between the pairs of transmission nodes is determined according to a signal to noise ratio and/or a signal to interference and noise ratio.
  • the control node calculates the maximum capacity of the different paths according to the transmission bandwidth and the signal-to-noise ratio (or the signal-to-noise ratio), thereby obtaining one or several paths with the largest and largest capacity.
  • the control node stores one or more paths transmitted between the pair of transit nodes obtained through the above steps.
  • control node may be a DSC, a cluster head, or a higher-level node that manages multiple clusters.
  • the cluster head manages the routing table, if there is an inter-cluster transmission node pair transmission, the cluster heads may interact or the cluster head acquires the transmission node information of other clusters through the higher layer management node.
  • the transmission parameter may include one or a combination of the following parameters: transmission delay, signal to noise ratio , block error rate, system capacity.
  • the control node generates and maintains a basic routing table and the routing process is different according to The algorithm may involve multiple parameters, the most important of which are delay and channel conditions.
  • the delay is the basic basis for selecting the route.
  • the transmission of the source transmission node and the destination transmission node cannot be greater than the delay requirement; the channel condition may specifically include path loss, interference, fast fading and slow fading, etc., and the channel transmission status is combined with the transmission power of the source transmission node.
  • Various evaluation parameters such as signal-to-noise ratio, block error rate, and system capacity can be obtained, and finally the optimal path can be selected according to the comparison result of these evaluation parameters.
  • the control node may send the routing reference path of the pair of transmitting nodes to the transmitting node pair when the transmitting node accesses the network, or enters a specific cluster, or may form a pair of transmitting nodes with other nodes.
  • control node sends routing information to the transmitting node, so that the transmitting node selects the routing path when sending data.
  • the example is to directly send the routing information for the selection of the transmission node.
  • the routing indication when the routing indication is performed, the selected path may be directly indicated, that is, the implementation may further include:
  • the route indication carries one or a combination of the following information: the routing information, and the saved in the routing information One or more paths, transmission parameters of each path saved in the routing information when performing data transmission, and transmission paths determined according to the routing information.
  • the path directly determined by the control node, or all or part of the routing information is determined by the transmitting node is optional, and can be regarded as Need to determine which method to use, such as whether to make routing nodes more flexible routing, processing power of each node, and so on.
  • the routing indication is sent to one or two transmission nodes of the pair of transmission nodes, and/or the intermediate node, where one or two transmission nodes in the pair of transmission nodes may access the network, or When a particular cluster is entered, or a pair of transport nodes may be formed, the routing indication is sent to one or both of the transport node pairs, and/or intermediate nodes.
  • Embodiment 1 is a diagrammatic representation of Embodiment 1:
  • This embodiment is used to explain the implementation of the control node management control routing table.
  • the pair of transmitting nodes is the end node 1 (sending node) and the end node 2 (receiving node), and the intermediate end node (intermediate node) 3, 4, 5 can be used.
  • the pair of transmitting nodes is the end node 1 (sending node) and the end node 2 (receiving node), and the intermediate end node (intermediate node) 3, 4, 5 can be used.
  • sending node sending node
  • the end node 2 receiving node
  • intermediate end node intermediate end node
  • the control node determines a pair of transmission nodes (nodes 1, 2) and intermediate nodes (nodes 3, 4, 5);
  • the control node determines that up to two hops can be used according to the delay requirement, so all the possible paths are as shown in FIG. 3, and the path in the figure is indicated by a connecting line with an arrow.
  • the control node acquires the location information and channel status of the nodes 1 to 5, and acquires channel fading information. Fading information As shown in table 2.
  • the control node obtains a signal-to-noise ratio according to the transmit power P of the transmitting end, and (3) the obtained channel fading information fadding;
  • S/N (P/fadding)/noise, where P and noise are in units of W or mW, fadding is a dimensionless quantity, and S/N is also a dimensionless quantity.
  • the statistical interference information is obtained, and the signal transmission-to-noise ratio is obtained by combining the transmission power, the signal fading, and the noise floor of the transmitting end.
  • Example of interference acquisition mode According to the frequency resource multiplexing probability and regulation, if a certain frequency resource is allocated to a pair of transmission nodes, only the transmission node with a path loss greater than a certain path loss threshold with the receiving node can reuse the frequency resource. The control node simulates the interference according to the frequency resource multiplexing probability and calculates the interference to the receiving node. And finally get the signal to interference and noise ratio (still identified as S / N).
  • S/N (P/fadding)/(noise+interference), where the unit of P, noise, and interference is W or mW, fadding is a dimensionless quantity, and S/N is also a dimensionless quantity.
  • the capacity of all possible transmission paths can be calculated.
  • the capacity is shown in Table 3.
  • the control node sorts the paths of different capacities according to the capacity from large to small, and stores the transmission path. It can store only the transmission path with the largest capacity, or store multiple transmission paths according to the hop limit.
  • Path number Transmission path capacity Delay 1 1->2 C12 T12 2 1->3->2 C1-3-2 T1-3-2 3 1->4->2 C1-4-2 T1-4-2
  • the control node transmits the stored transmission path and sequence to the transmission node pair.
  • the routing table can be sent only to the transmitting transport node 1, or to the transport nodes 1, 2, or simultaneously to the intermediate node.
  • control node can update the routing information, that is, under some conditions, the control node needs to update the routing table. Routing information can be generated when one of the following conditions or a combination thereof is satisfied:
  • the transmission node is changed in position
  • the transmission node changes channel to the distributed network where it is located; for example, the channel fading mode of the relevant node changes;
  • a pair of transmission nodes is added; for example, a new pair of transmission nodes appears;
  • the pair of transport nodes is deleted; for example, the original pair of transport nodes is deleted;
  • the intermediate node on the path capable of data transmission between the pair of transmission nodes changes; for example, the position of the intermediate node in the original routing table changes or drops.
  • the update of the routing table is to generate the next routing information. Therefore, the manner in which the control node updates the routing table can be referred to the implementation of generating the routing information.
  • the following describes the implementation of the transmission path by the transmitting node pair according to the routing indication.
  • the method may include:
  • Step 401 Receive a routing indication on a transit node and/or an intermediate node, where the routing indication carries the following information One or a combination thereof: routing information, each path saved in the routing information, a transmission parameter of each path saved in the routing information when performing data transmission, and a transmission path determined according to the routing information, where The routing information is generated on the control node, and the routing information stores each path that can perform data transmission between the pair of transmission nodes, and/or transmission parameters when each path performs data transmission;
  • Step 402 Determine a path for performing data transmission according to the routing indication, and/or the service requirement and the current transmission parameter.
  • the service requirement and the current transmission parameter may include one or a combination of the following parameters: a transmission delay determined according to the service requirement, a current channel condition, a current interference condition, a current occupancy of the channel resource on the transmission path, and a current System capacity.
  • the transit node retrieves the stored routing table when data transmission is required.
  • the transmission path is selected from the routing table according to service requirements, channel conditions, interference conditions, system capacity, and the like. Specifically, it can be as follows:
  • the sending node extracts the storage path according to the routing table order
  • the sending node selects the transmission path according to the restriction conditions, such as:
  • the path with the delay greater than the threshold cannot be selected
  • the path including the channel cannot be selected
  • the path containing the channel cannot be selected
  • the intermediate node may refuse the transit or the transmitting node may exclude the path including the intermediate node by itself;
  • the system capacity selection for example, if a path consumes more resources due to transit or retransmission, the system capacity is too small, and the path is not preferred or even abandoned.
  • the transmitting node determines the transmission path and initiates data transmission according to the channel of the path, and notifies the opposite receiving node, intermediate node or control node as needed. That is, after determining the path for performing data transmission, the method further includes: notifying one of the following nodes or a combination thereof: a receiving end in the transmitting node pair, an intermediate node in the transmission path, and a control node.
  • the intermediate node may be notified: the sending node, the receiving node number, and the number of the last hop and the next hop node in the case of multi-hop, or only the numbers of the last hop and the next hop node;
  • the receiving node is: the sending node, the intermediate node number, or only the sending node and the receiving node last hop number;
  • the notification control node is: The selected path number, or the node number in the selected path.
  • Embodiment 2 is a diagrammatic representation of Embodiment 1:
  • This embodiment is used to explain the implementation of the transmission path selection by the transmission node.
  • the present embodiment is performed on the basis of the first embodiment, and it is assumed that the routing table in the middle of the transport node pair 1 and 2 in Table 4 in the first embodiment is obtained.
  • Path number Transmission path capacity Delay 1 1->2 C12 T12 2 1->3->2 C1-3-2 T1-3-2 3 1->4->2 C1-4-2 T1-4-2
  • the sending node extracts the storage path according to the routing table order.
  • the routing table path between the transit nodes 1 and 2 is: path 1:1->2, path 2:1->3->2, path 2:1- >4->2;
  • the sending node selects the transmission path according to the restriction conditions, such as:
  • the current service requirement such as the current transmission service delay requirement is Thdelay
  • the path delay of each path in the routing table is greater than the threshold Thdelay. For example, if T1-4-2>Thdelay, the path 3 is excluded;
  • the channel experiences deep fading at the current time, and the path directly transmitted by node 1 to node 2 is unavailable, and the path needs to be selected separately;
  • a channel currently experiences large interference, and the path including the channel cannot be selected.
  • channel 3->2 is transmitted by using the predetermined resource 1, and resource 1 is occupied by other nodes at this moment, and will cause node 2 to be caused.
  • path 2: 1->3->2 cannot be used;
  • the intermediate node may refuse the transit or the transmitting node may exclude the path including the intermediate node. For example, if the path 2: 1->3->2, if the data of the node 3 needs to be transferred at the current time is too large, the resource occupancy is greater than a certain threshold, and the node 3 may refuse the transfer or the node 1 may abandon the path 2 by itself.
  • the system capacity if a path consumes more resources due to transit or retransmission, the system capacity is too small, and the path is not preferred or even abandoned.
  • the transmitting node determines the transmission path and initiates data transmission according to the channel of the path, and notifies the opposite receiving node, the intermediate node or the control node as needed.
  • an embodiment of the present application further provides an apparatus for generating routing information, a device for determining a transmission path, a method for solving a problem by the devices, a method for generating routing information, and a method for determining a transmission path.
  • the method is similar, so the implementation of these devices can be referred to the implementation of the method, and the repeated description will not be repeated.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of an apparatus for generating routing information, as shown in the figure, which may include:
  • a node pair determining module 501 configured to determine, on the control node, a pair of transmitting nodes that may perform data transmission;
  • a path determining module 502 configured to determine a path between the pair of transmitting nodes capable of data transmission
  • the routing information module 503 is configured to generate routing information, where the routing information stores one or more paths capable of data transmission between the pair of transmission nodes, and/or transmission parameters when the path is in data transmission. .
  • the path determining module is further configured to determine a location and/or a channel condition of the transmitting node, and/or a location and/or a channel of the possible intermediate node, when determining a path capable of data transmission between the pair of transmitting nodes Condition; estimating the capacity of different transmission paths according to the location and/or channel conditions of the transmission node, and/or the location and/or channel conditions of possible intermediate nodes, and determining the path capable of data transmission between the pairs of transmission nodes according to the maximum capacity criterion .
  • the path determining module is further configured to: according to the location and/or channel condition of the transmitting node, and/or the location and/or channel condition of the possible intermediate node, according to the transmitting power of the transmitting end of the transmitting node, and according to the transmission
  • the path determination module is further configured to determine a location and/or channel condition of the transmission node by one or a combination thereof, and/or a location and/or channel condition of the possible intermediate node: by a location pre-configured for the node And the channel status information is determined, determined by the high-level node notification, determined by the transmission node and the reporting information of the intermediate transmission node through which the path passes.
  • the routing information module is further configured to: when determining a path capable of data transmission between the pair of transmission nodes, determine, by each path, a transmission parameter including one of the following parameters or a combination thereof when performing data transmission: a transmission delay, Signal to noise ratio, block error rate, system capacity.
  • the routing information module is further configured to generate routing information when one of the following conditions or a combination thereof is met:
  • the transmission node is changed in position
  • the transmission node has a channel change to the distributed network in which it is located;
  • the time when the routing information was last generated exceeds the preset time
  • the transit node pair is deleted
  • it further includes:
  • the routing indication module 504 is configured to send a routing indication to one or two of the transit node, and/or the intermediate node, where the routing indication carries one or a combination of the following information: the routing information, One or more paths stored in the routing information, transmission parameters when data is transmitted in each path saved in the routing information, and a transmission path determined according to the routing information.
  • the route indication module is further configured to: when sending the routing indication to one or two of the transmitting node pairs, and/or the intermediate node, one or two of the pair of transmitting nodes When the transmitting node accesses the network, or enters a specific cluster, or may constitute a pair of transmitting nodes, the routing indication is sent to one or both of the transmitting node pairs, and/or the intermediate node.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of an apparatus for determining a transmission path, as shown in the figure, which may include:
  • the receiving module 601 is configured to receive a routing indication on the transmitting node and/or the intermediate node, where the routing indication carries one or a combination of the following information: routing information, each path saved in the routing information, and the routing information. a transmission parameter of each path saved in the data transmission, and a transmission path determined according to the routing information, wherein the routing information is generated on the control node, and the transmission node pair is stored in the routing information
  • the determining module 602 is configured to determine a path for performing data transmission according to the routing indication, and/or the service requirement and the current transmission parameter.
  • the determining module is further configured to determine a path for performing data transmission according to a service requirement including one or a combination of the following parameters and a current transmission parameter: a transmission delay determined according to the service requirement, a current channel condition, and a current interference situation. The current occupancy of the channel resource on the transmission path and the current system capacity.
  • it further includes:
  • the notification module 603 is configured to notify one of the following nodes or a combination thereof after determining the path for performing data transmission: a receiving end in the transmitting node pair, an intermediate node in the transmission path, and a control node.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of a control node. As shown in the figure, the control node includes:
  • the processor 700 is configured to read a program in the memory 720 and perform the following process:
  • routing information stores one or more paths capable of data transmission between the pair of transmission nodes, and/or transmission parameters when the path is in data transmission;
  • the transceiver 710 is configured to send and receive data under the control of the processor 700.
  • determining a path that can be used for data transmission between the pair of transmission nodes includes:
  • the capacity of the different transmission paths is estimated based on the location and/or channel conditions of the transmission node, and/or the location and/or channel conditions of the possible intermediate nodes, and the path between the pair of transmission nodes capable of data transmission is determined according to the maximum capacity criterion.
  • a path between data transmission nodes that cannot be transmitted between the pairs of transmission nodes is determined according to a signal to noise ratio and/or a signal to interference and noise ratio.
  • the location and/or channel conditions of the transmitting node, and/or the location and/or channel conditions of possible intermediate nodes are determined by one or a combination of the following: location and channel condition information pre-configured for the node Determining, determining by the high-level node notification, determining by the transmission node and the reporting information of the intermediate transmission node through which the path passes.
  • the transmission parameter when determining a path capable of data transmission between the pair of transmission nodes, determining transmission parameters of each path when performing data transmission, the transmission parameter includes one or a combination of the following parameters: transmission delay, and a letter Noise ratio, block error rate, system capacity.
  • routing information is generated when one of the following conditions or a combination thereof is met:
  • the transmission node is changed in position
  • the transmission node has a channel change to the distributed network in which it is located;
  • the time when the routing information was last generated exceeds the preset time
  • the transit node pair is deleted
  • the routing indication is sent to one or two transmission nodes of the pair of transmission nodes, and/or the intermediate node, where one or two transmission nodes in the pair of transmission nodes access the network, or enter The particular cluster, or possibly a pair of transport nodes, transmits the routing indication to one or both of the transport node pairs, and/or intermediate nodes.
  • the bus architecture may include any number of interconnected buses and bridges, specifically linked by one or more processors represented by processor 700 and various circuits of memory represented by memory 720.
  • the bus architecture can also link various other circuits such as peripherals, voltage regulators, and power management circuits, which are well known in the art and, therefore, will not be further described herein.
  • the bus interface provides an interface.
  • Transceiver 710 can be a plurality of components, including a transmitter and a transceiver, providing means for communicating with various other devices on a transmission medium.
  • the processor 700 is responsible for managing the bus architecture and general processing, and the memory 720 can store data used by the processor 700 in performing operations.
  • Figure 8 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the end node. As shown in the figure, the end node includes:
  • the processor 800 is configured to read a program in the memory 820 and perform the following process:
  • the transceiver 810 is configured to send and receive data under the control of the processor 800, and performs the following processes:
  • routing indication On the transmitting node and/or the intermediate node, where the routing indication carries one or a combination of the following information: routing information, each path saved in the routing information, and each path saved in the routing information a transmission parameter when the data is transmitted, and a transmission path determined according to the routing information, wherein the routing information is generated on the control node, and the routing information stores a data transmission between the pair of transmission nodes. Transmission parameters for each path, and/or each path when data is transmitted.
  • the service requirement and the current transmission parameter include one or a combination of the following parameters: a transmission delay determined according to the service requirement, a current channel condition, a current interference condition, a current occupancy of the channel resource on the transmission path, and a current System capacity.
  • the method further includes:
  • One of the following nodes or a combination thereof is notified: a receiving end in the transmitting node pair, an intermediate node in the transmission path, and a control node.
  • the bus architecture can include any number of interconnected buses and bridges, specifically linked by one or more processors represented by processor 800 and various circuits of memory represented by memory 820.
  • the bus architecture can also link various other circuits such as peripherals, voltage regulators, and power management circuits, which are well known in the art and, therefore, will not be further described herein.
  • the bus interface provides an interface.
  • Transceiver 810 can be a plurality of components, including a transmitter and a transceiver, providing means for communicating with various other devices on a transmission medium.
  • the processor 800 is responsible for managing the bus architecture and general processing, and the memory 820 can store data used by the processor 800 in performing operations.
  • the technical solution provided by the embodiments of the present application is used to implement effective data routing under the framework of a distributed wireless network system to ensure low latency and high reliability requirements.
  • network nodes such as control nodes Control the routing table of the distributed network, store the routing information of one or more paths transmitted between each pair of end nodes, and select the transmission path from the routing table according to the delay and reliability requirements during the transmission between the end nodes, and the delay
  • the reliability requirements are derived from the service requirements. Whether the delay and reliability requirements are met can be evaluated based on channel conditions, interference conditions, and system capacity.
  • the routing scheme provided by the embodiment of the present application combines centralized routing management and distributed routing, on the one hand, to be different from the purely distributed self-seeking next hop by the routing end node and forwarding itself until reaching the target end node.
  • the delay reliability is controllable, and on the other hand, the flexibility of the distributed system is fully utilized to achieve optimal delay reliability performance.
  • embodiments of the present application can be provided as a method, system, or computer program product.
  • the present application can take the form of an entirely hardware embodiment, an entirely software embodiment, or an embodiment in combination of software and hardware.
  • the application can take the form of a computer program product embodied on one or more computer-usable storage media (including but not limited to disk storage and optical storage, etc.) including computer usable program code.
  • the computer program instructions can also be stored in a computer readable memory that can direct a computer or other programmable data processing device to operate in a particular manner, such that the instructions stored in the computer readable memory produce an article of manufacture comprising the instruction device.
  • the apparatus implements the functions specified in one or more blocks of a flow or a flow and/or block diagram of the flowchart.
  • These computer program instructions can also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing device such that a series of operational steps are performed on a computer or other programmable device to produce computer-implemented processing for execution on a computer or other programmable device.
  • the instructions provide steps for implementing the functions specified in one or more of the flow or in a block or blocks of a flow diagram.

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Abstract

本申请公开了一种生成路由信息及确定传输路径的方法、装置，包括：在控制节点上确定可能进行数据传输的传输节点对；确定所述传输节点对之间能够进行数据传输的路径；生成路由信息，向所述传输节点对中的一个或两个传输节点，和/或中间节点发送路由指示，所述路由指示中携带路由信息等。在传输节点和/或中间节点上接收路由指示，根据路由指示，和/或业务需求及当前的传输参数，确定进行数据传输的路径。本申请结合了集中式路由管理和分布式路由选择，一方面使得传输时延、可靠性等业务需求可控，另一方面充分发挥分布式系统有多种路径方案选择的灵活性。

Description

生成路由信息及确定传输路径的方法、装置
本申请要求在2015年12月03日提交中国专利局、申请号为201510882002.2、申请名称为“生成路由信息及确定传输路径的方法、装置”的中国专利申请的优先权，其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。
技术领域
本申请涉及无线通信技术领域，特别涉及一种生成路由信息及确定传输路径的方法、装置。
背景技术
在5G系统中，为了提高端到端时延，引入了分布式网络。分布式网络可以避免传统蜂窝网的核心网时延，使得网络侧时延最小化，端到端时延基本上取决于收发端间空口传输时延。
分布式网络的通信路径多样化，由于多跳的存在，末端节点对之间传输的路径选择方式多样化。如何实现有效路由是分布式网络下的重要问题。一种常用方法为：发送端节点采用泛洪方式向周边节点用广播发送数据和目标节点信息；周边节点接收到该数据和目标节点信息后，根据自己的能力和资源使用情况，仍用广播方式向周边节点转发数据和目标节点信息；依次转发，直到目标节点收到发送节点的数据。
这种方式不足在于：传输效率较低，且时延不好控制。
发明内容
本申请提供了一种生成路由信息及确定传输路径的方法、装置，用以在分布式无线网络系统架构下，实现有效数据路由，保证低时延和高可靠性要求等要求。
本申请实施例中提供了一种生成路由信息的方法，包括：
在控制节点上确定可能进行数据传输的传输节点对；
确定所述传输节点对之间能够进行数据传输的路径；
生成路由信息，所述路由信息中保存有所述传输节点对之间能够进行数据传输的一条或多条路径，和/或所述路径在进行数据传输时的传输参数。
可选的，确定所述传输节点对之间能够进行数据传输的路径，包括：
确定传输节点的位置和/或信道状况，和/或可能的中间节点的位置和/或信道状况；
根据传输节点的位置和/或信道状况，和/或可能的中间节点的位置和/或信道状况估算不同传输路径的容量，按最大容量准则确定传输节点对之间能够进行数据传输的路径。
可选的，在确定传输节点的位置和/或信道状况，和/或可能的中间节点的位置和/或信 道状况后，进一步包括：
根据传输节点对中发送端的发送功率，及根据传传输节点的位置和/或信道状况，和/或可能的中间节点的位置和/或信道状况确定的信道衰落信息、底噪获得信噪比；和/或，根据经验或历史信息得到干扰信息、传输节点对中发送端的发送功率，及根据传输节点位置和/或信道状况确定的信道衰落信息、底噪获得信干噪比；
根据信噪比和/或信干噪比确定传输节点对之间不能够进行数据传输的路径。
可选的，传输节点的位置和/或信道状况，和/或可能的中间节点的位置和/或信道状况是通过以下方式之一或者其组合确定的：通过为节点预配置的位置和信道状况信息确定、通过高层节点通知确定、通过传输节点及路径经过的中间传输节点的上报信息确定。
可选的，在确定所述传输节点对之间能够进行数据传输的路径时，确定各路径在进行数据传输时的传输参数，所述传输参数包括以下参数之一或者其组合：传输时延、信噪比、误块率、系统容量。
可选的，当满足以下条件之一或者其组合时生成路由信息：
传输节点对位置变化；
传输节点对所处的分布式网络发生信道变化；
距离上一次生成路由信息的时间超过预设时间；
增加了传输节点对；
传输节点对被删除；
传输节点对之间能够进行数据传输的路径上的中间节点发生变化。
可选的，进一步包括：
向所述传输节点对中的一个或两个传输节点，和/或中间节点发送路由指示，所述路由指示中携带以下信息之一或者其组合：所述路由信息、所述路由信息中保存的一条或多条路径、所述路由信息中保存的各路径在进行数据传输时的传输参数、根据所述路由信息确定的传输路径。
可选的，向所述传输节点对中的一个或两个传输节点，和/或中间节点发送所述路由指示，是在所述传输节点对中的一个或两个传输节点接入网络，或进入特定簇，或可能组成传输节点对时，向所述传输节点对中的一个或两个传输节点，和/或中间节点发送所述路由指示的。
本申请实施例中提供了一种确定传输路径的方法，包括：
在传输节点和/或中间节点上接收路由指示，所述路由指示中携带以下信息之一或者其组合：路由信息、所述路由信息中保存的各路径、所述路由信息中保存的各路径在进行数 据传输时的传输参数、根据所述路由信息确定的传输路径，其中，所述路由信息是在控制节点上生成的，在所述路由信息中保存有传输节点对之间能够进行数据传输的各路径，和/或各路径在进行数据传输时的传输参数；
根据路由指示，和/或业务需求及当前的传输参数，确定进行数据传输的路径。
可选的，业务需求及当前的传输参数包括以下参数之一或者其组合：根据业务需求确定的传输时延、当前的信道状况、当前的干扰情况、传输路径上通道资源当前的占用情况、当前的系统容量。
可选的，在确定进行数据传输的路径后，进一步包括：
通知以下节点之一或者其组合：传输节点对中的接收端、传输路径上的中间节点、控制节点。
本申请实施例中提供了一种生成路由信息的装置，包括：
节点对确定模块，用于在控制节点上确定可能进行数据传输的传输节点对；
路径确定模块，用于确定所述传输节点对之间能够进行数据传输的路径；
路由信息模块，用于生成路由信息，所述路由信息中保存有所述传输节点对之间能够进行数据传输的一条或多条路径，和/或所述路径在进行数据传输时的传输参数。
可选的，路径确定模块进一步用于在确定所述传输节点对之间能够进行数据传输的路径时，确定传输节点的位置和/或信道状况，和/或可能的中间节点的位置和/或信道状况；根据传输节点的位置和/或信道状况，和/或可能的中间节点的位置和/或信道状况估算不同传输路径的容量，按最大容量准则确定传输节点对之间能够进行数据传输的路径。
可选的，路径确定模块进一步用于在确定传输节点的位置和/或信道状况，和/或可能的中间节点的位置和/或信道状况后，根据传输节点对中发送端的发送功率，及根据传输节点的位置和/或信道状况，和/或可能的中间节点的位置和/或信道状况确定的信道衰落信息、底噪获得信噪比；和/或，根据经验或历史信息得到干扰信息、传输节点对中发送端的发送功率，及根据传输节点位置和/或信道状况确定的信道衰落信息、底噪获得信干噪比；根据信噪比和/或信干噪比确定传输节点对之间不能够进行数据传输的路径。
可选的，路径确定模块进一步用于通过以下方式之一或者其组合确定传输节点的位置和/或信道状况，和/或可能的中间节点的位置和/或信道状况：通过为节点预配置的位置和信道状况信息确定、通过高层节点通知确定、通过传输节点及路径经过的中间传输节点的上报信息确定。
可选的，路由信息模块进一步用于在确定所述传输节点对之间能够进行数据传输的路径时，确定各路径在进行数据传输时包括以下参数之一或者其组合的传输参数：传输时延、 信噪比、误块率、系统容量。
可选的，路由信息模块进一步用于当满足以下条件之一或者其组合时生成路由信息：
传输节点对位置变化；
传输节点对所处的分布式网络发生信道变化；
距离上一次生成路由信息的时间超过预设时间；
增加了传输节点对；
传输节点对被删除；
传输节点对之间能够进行数据传输的路径上的中间节点发生变化。
可选的，进一步包括：
路由指示模块，用于向所述传输节点对中的一个或两个传输节点，和/或中间节点发送路由指示，所述路由指示中携带以下信息之一或者其组合：所述路由信息、所述路由信息中保存的一条或多条路径、所述路由信息中保存的各路径在进行数据传输时的传输参数、根据所述路由信息确定的传输路径。
可选的，路由指示模块进一步用于在向所述传输节点对中的一个或两个传输节点，和/或中间节点发送所述路由指示时，是在所述传输节点对中的一个或两个传输节点接入网络，或进入特定簇，或可能组成传输节点对时，向所述传输节点对中的一个或两个传输节点，和/或中间节点发送所述路由指示的。
本申请实施例中提供了一种确定传输路径的装置，包括：
接收模块，用于在传输节点和/或中间节点上接收路由指示，所述路由指示中携带以下信息之一或者其组合：路由信息、所述路由信息中保存的各路径、所述路由信息中保存的各路径在进行数据传输时的传输参数、根据所述路由信息确定的传输路径，其中，所述路由信息是在控制节点上生成的，在所述路由信息中保存有传输节点对之间能够进行数据传输的各路径，和/或各路径在进行数据传输时的传输参数；
确定模块，用于根据路由指示，和/或业务需求及当前的传输参数，确定进行数据传输的路径。
可选的，确定模块进一步用于根据包括以下参数之一或者其组合的业务需求及当前的传输参数确定进行数据传输的路径：根据业务需求确定的传输时延、当前的信道状况、当前的干扰情况、传输路径上通道资源当前的占用情况、当前的系统容量。
可选的，进一步包括：
通知模块，用于在确定进行数据传输的路径后，通知以下节点之一或者其组合：传输节点对中的接收端、传输路径上的中间节点、控制节点。
本申请实施例中提供了一种生成路由信息的装置，包括：
处理器，用于读取存储器中的程序，执行下列过程：
在控制节点上确定可能进行数据传输的传输节点对；
确定所述传输节点对之间能够进行数据传输的路径；
生成路由信息，所述路由信息中保存有所述传输节点对之间能够进行数据传输的一条或多条路径，和/或所述路径在进行数据传输时的传输参数；
收发机，用于在处理器的控制下发送和接收数据。
本申请实施例中提供了一种确定传输路径的装置，包括：
处理器，用于读取存储器中的程序，执行下列过程：
根据路由指示，和/或业务需求及当前的传输参数，确定进行数据传输的路径；
收发机，用于在处理器的控制下发送和接收数据，执行下列过程：
在传输节点和/或中间节点上接收路由指示，所述路由指示中携带以下信息之一或者其组合：路由信息、所述路由信息中保存的各路径、所述路由信息中保存的各路径在进行数据传输时的传输参数、根据所述路由信息确定的传输路径，其中，所述路由信息是在控制节点上生成的，在所述路由信息中保存有传输节点对之间能够进行数据传输的各路径，和/或各路径在进行数据传输时的传输参数。
本申请有益效果如下：
在本申请实施例提供的技术方案中，由于控制节点预先确定传输节点对之间能够进行数据传输的路径，以及各路径的传输参数后，生成路由信息；用以供传输节点在数据传输时，根据时延和可靠性等业务需求，及当前的传输参数进行路径选择，或者根据路由信息直接进行指示。与由路由传输节点纯分布式自行寻找下一跳并自行转发直至到达目标传输节点不同，本申请实施例提供的方案结合了集中式路由管理和分布式路由选择，一方面使得传输时延、可靠性等业务需求可控，另一方面充分发挥分布式系统有多种路径方案选择的灵活性。
附图说明
此处所说明的附图用来提供对本申请的进一步理解，构成本申请的一部分，本申请的示意性实施例及其说明用于解释本申请，并不构成对本申请的不当限定。在附图中：
图1为本申请实施例中分布式网络的结构示意图；
图2为本申请实施例中在控制节点上生成路由信息的方法实施流程示意图；
图3为本申请实施例一的路由环境示意图；
图4为本申请实施例中确定传输路径的方法实施流程示意图；
图5为本申请实施例中生成路由信息的装置结构示意图；
图6为本申请实施例中确定传输路径的装置结构示意图；
图7为本申请实施例中控制节点结构示意图；
图8为本申请实施例中末端节点结构示意图。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图对本申请的具体实施方式进行说明。
发明人在发明过程中注意到：
分布式网络可以避免传统蜂窝网的核心网时延，使得网络侧时延最小化，但是其不足在于：传输效率较低，且时延不好控制。下面进行说明。
图1为分布式网络的结构示意图，如图所示，网络中包括大量分布式部署的EP(End Point，末端节点)，EP通过本地控制节点方式服务中心DSC(Distribute Service Center，分布式服务中心)来根据EP的需要接入高层网络。分布式接入网主要涉及两个接入网节点：EP和DSC。
EP：末端节点EP作为具有通信功能的模块绑定特定物理设备，例如各类传感器sensor，执行器actuator，加速器，制动装置，机械臂，飞行器，汽车，自行车，安全头盔，智能眼镜，智能手表等。EP的通信功能主要是面向近距离(例如小于100m)，低数据速率(例如低于1000bits/s)的通信场景。点到点通信的两个末端节点称为末端节点对。
DSC：分布式服务中心DSC与周围的End Points构成簇(Cluster)，DSC负责对簇进行管理和维护。
在业务层和簇成员管理方面，DSC负责参与对成员列表的维护，对簇成员身份验证，参与对EndPoint关联的设备类型和服务要求进行维护。
分布式接入网层面，DSC作为簇的控制点，还负责协调与其他相邻簇Cluster之间的通信。
末端节点(即终端)之间的数据传输方式包括：终端之间直接通信；终端之间多跳通信；簇内终端都与汇聚节点进行数据传输，由汇聚节点汇总数据后与其他节点或数据服务器进行数据交互。
然而，分布式网络的通信路径多样化，由于多跳的存在，末端节点对之间传输的路径选择方式多样化。如何实现有效路由是分布式网络下的重要问题。一种常用方法为：发送端节点采用泛洪方式向周边节点用广播发送数据和目标节点信息；周边节点接收到该数据和目标节点信息后，根据自己的能力和资源使用情况，仍用广播方式向周边节点转发数据 和目标节点信息；依次转发，直到目标节点收到发送节点的数据。因此，这种方式存在的不足在于：传输效率较低，且时延不好控制。
针对该不足，本申请实施例中将提供一种生成路由信息及确定传输路径的方法、装置，用以在分布式无线网络系统架构下，实现有效数据路由，保证低时延和高可靠性要求等要求。在说明过程中，首先对控制节点生成路由信息的实施进行说明，然后对控制节点向传输节点发送路由信息的实施进行说明，最后对传输节点根据路由信息确定传输路径的实施进行说明，其间，还会以具体实例进行说明。说明过程中将分别涉及控制节点与传输节点的单独实施以及配合实施，但这并不意味着二者必须单独实施或者配合实施，实际上，当二者分开实施时，其各自解决自身一侧的问题，但二者配合使用时，会获得更好的技术效果。下面进行具体说明。
图2为在控制节点上生成路由信息的方法实施流程示意图，如图所示，可以包括：
步骤201、在控制节点上确定可能进行数据传输的传输节点对；
步骤202、确定所述传输节点对之间能够进行数据传输的路径；
步骤203、生成路由信息，所述路由信息中保存有所述传输节点对之间能够进行数据传输的一条或多条路径，和/或所述路径在进行数据传输时的传输参数。
首先对实施方案中的控制节点及传输节点进行说明。
控制节点：生成路由信息的控制节点是按节点的功能来进行划分的，也即，当一个节点具有管理控制功能时，其即为实施例中的控制节点，实施中控制节点具有能够获取生成路由信息所需信息、以及处理这些信息的能力，具体实例中，控制节点可以是DSC、簇头或管理多个簇的更高级节点，这是因为一般情况下这些节点都是具备管理控制功能的节点，但是，容易理解，由于方案中的控制节点是以该节点是否具备管理控制功能来确定的，因此实施中并不仅限于这些节点，实施过程中可以结合节点在网络中的功能来确定是否为控制节点。
传输节点：方案中的传输节点是指进行数据传输的节点，该节点与其本身的属性或者功能等无关，比如，传输节点可以是末端节点，也可以是具有管理功能的DSC等。同时，在传输路径上通常会出现中转的节点，为了与传输节点中发送数据的发送节点、接收数据的接收节点相区别，本方案中将这类中转的节点称为中间节点。
对于路由信息，具体实例中，可以将路由信息以表的形式表达，例中将其称为路由表，但显然，表是最为常见、也是较为通用的形式，因此以之为例，但其它的形式也是可以的，实践中根据需要选定即可。
实施中，传输参数是指数据传输过程中可以对传输路径进行评价的各种参数，这些参 数可以供传输节点选择出最佳的路径。实施中，控制节点生成路由信息的作用在于可以提供给传输节点一个选择的参考，从而能够结合集中式路由管理和分布式路由选择的优点，因此，传输参数的确定可以根据实际需要选定，一般情况下，信噪比、误块率、系统容量、时延是较为常用的参数。
实施中，确定所述传输节点对之间能够进行数据传输的路径，包括：
确定传输节点的位置和/或信道状况，和/或可能的中间节点的位置和/或信道状况；
根据传输节点的位置和/或信道状况，和/或可能的中间节点的位置和/或信道状况估算不同传输路径的容量，按最大容量准则确定传输节点对之间能够进行数据传输的路径。
下面先对控制节点生成、维护基本路由表的实施进行说明。
路由表生成方式可以为：控制节点管理分布式网络中传输节点位置和/或信道状况，进而估算不同传输路径容量，按最大容量准则取得不同传输节点对间可能的路径并生产路由表。以两个发送节点(节点1、2)，两个接收节点(节点3、4)，有多个可能的中间节点为例，发送节点可能向任何一个接收节点发送数据。路由表格式大致可以如表1所示：
表1：
Figure PCTCN2016105374-appb-000001
具体实施时，可以如下：
1)控制节点获取可能进行数据传输的传输节点对信息；
2)控制节点根据传输节点间时延需求，一跳或多跳的总时延不能超过时延要求，从而确定可能参与传输的一跳或多跳节点。如果没有时延要求可忽略这一环节。
3)控制节点获取这些传输节点对以及其他可能的中间传输节点的位置信息，及信道基本状况，例如：传输节点部署于室内还是室外，传输节点间是否有墙体阻隔，特定传输节点是否有大衰落屏蔽等，从而获取传输节点间距离、路损、大尺度衰落等信息，从而得到信道衰落信息。
控制节点获取传输节点和中间传输节点位置或信道状况的方式可以是预配置的传输节点位置和信道状况信息，或是从高层节点获知的，或是由传输节点和中间传输节点上报获知。也即，传输节点的位置和/或信道状况，和/或可能的中间节点的位置和/或信道状况可以是通过以下方式之一或者其组合确定的：通过为节点预配置的位置和信道状况信息确定、通过高层节点通知确定、通过传输节点及路径经过的中间传输节点的上报信息确定。
4)控制节点根据发送端的发送功率，以及上一环节获得的信道衰落信息以及底噪获得信噪比；或根据经验或历史信息得到统计意义上的干扰信息，结合发送端的发送功率、信号衰落、底噪获得信干噪比。其中，底噪是根据传输特性和应用场景下的经验公式获取的。
进一步的，控制节点还可以以信噪比或信干噪比做一次判决，信噪比或信干噪比小于一定门限的通道则可以认为不可用，后续传输路径选择时不能经过该通道。也即，在确定传输节点的位置和/或信道状况，和/或可能的中间节点的位置和/或信道状况后，可以进一步包括：
根据传输节点对中发送端的发送功率，及根据传输节点的位置和/或信道状况，和/或可能的中间节点的位置和/或信道状况确定的信道衰落信息、底噪获得信噪比；和/或，根据经验或历史信息得到干扰信息、传输节点对中发送端的发送功率，及根据传输节点位置和/或信道状况确定的信道衰落信息、底噪获得信干噪比；
根据信噪比和/或信干噪比确定传输节点对之间不能够进行数据传输的路径。
5)控制节点根据传输带宽和信噪比(或信干噪比)计算不同路径的最大容量，从而得到容量最大和较大的一条或几条路径。
计算容量可以用香农公式C＝Blog2(1+S/N)，其中C为容量(b/s)，B是信道带宽(Hz)，S/N是信噪比(或信干噪比)，为无量纲量。其中，如果是多跳路由，需要考虑中间传输节点的负荷，如果通过某中间传输节点转发的数据量或转发路径条数达到一定门限，则不能由该中间传输节点转发，即使通过该中间节点的总容量数很大。
控制节点存储通过以上环节获取的传输节点对之间传输的一条或多条路径。
在上述实施过程中，控制节点可以为DSC、簇头或管理多个簇的更高级节点。簇头管理路由表时，如果存在簇间传输节点对传输，则簇头之间可以交互或簇头通过更高层管理节点获取其他簇的传输节点信息。
实施中，在确定所述传输节点对之间能够进行数据传输的路径时确定各路径在进行数据传输时的传输参数，传输参数可以包括以下参数之一或者其组合：传输时延、信噪比、误块率、系统容量。具体的，控制节点生成并维护基本路由表和路由选择过程中根据不同 算法，可能涉及多个参数，其中最重要的参数是时延和信道状况。时延是选择路由的基本依据，源传输节点和目标传输节点的传输不能大于时延要求；信道状况具体可以包含路损、干扰、快衰落和慢衰落等，由信道状况结合源传输节点发送功率，可获取信噪比、误块率、系统容量等多种评估参数，最终可以根据这些评估参数的比较结果选择最佳路径。
6)控制节点可以在传输节点接入网络，或进入特定簇，或可能与其他节点组成传输节点对时，将该传输节点对的路由参考路径发送给传输节点对。
本环节是控制节点向传输节点发送路由信息，以供传输节点在发送数据时选择路由路径。
上例中，用以示例的是直接发送路由信息供传输节点选择的情况，具体实施中，在进行路由指示时，也可以直接指示选定的路径等，也即，实施中还可以进一步包括：
向所述传输节点对中的一个或两个传输节点，和/或中间节点发送路由指示，所述路由指示中携带以下信息之一或者其组合：所述路由信息、所述路由信息中保存的一条或多条路径、所述路由信息中保存的各路径在进行数据传输时的传输参数、根据所述路由信息确定的传输路径。
这对本领域技术人员来说是容易理解的，因为在获取生成路由信息以后，由控制节点直接确定路径，或者将路由信息中的全部或部分交由传输节点自行判断都是可选的，可以视需要来确定采用何种方式，例如是否让传输节点的路由选择更具灵活性、各节点的处理能力等等。
具体的，向所述传输节点对中的一个或两个传输节点，和/或中间节点发送所述路由指示，可以是在所述传输节点对中的一个或两个传输节点接入网络，或进入特定簇，或可能组成传输节点对时，向所述传输节点对中的一个或两个传输节点，和/或中间节点发送所述路由指示的。
下面再以实例进行说明。
实施例一：
本实施例用以说明控制节点管理控制路由表的实施。
图3为实施例一的路由环境示意图，如图所示，传输节点对为末端节点1(发送节点)和末端节点2(接收节点)，中间末端节点(中间节点)3、4、5可以用于数据转发。
(1)控制节点确定传输节点对(节点1、2)和中间节点(节点3、4、5)；
(2)控制节点根据时延要求，确定最多可以采用两跳，因此可能的全部路径如图3所示，图中的路径是用含箭头的连接线示意的。
(3)控制节点获取节点1～5的位置信息和信道状况，获取信道衰落信息。衰落信息 如表2所示。
表2：
发送节点 接收节点 信道衰落
1 2 fadding12
1 3 fadding13
1 4 fadding14
1 5 fadding15
3 2 fadding32
4 2 fadding42
5 2 fadding52
(4)控制节点根据发送端发送功率P，以及(3)获得的信道衰落信息fadding，底噪noise获得信噪比；
S/N＝(P/fadding)/noise，此处P和noise的单位为W或mW，fadding是无量纲量，S/N也是无量纲量。
或，根据经验或历史信息得到统计意义上的干扰信息，结合发送端发送功率、信号衰落、底噪获得信干噪比。干扰获取方式举例：根据频率资源复用概率和规定，如某段频率资源分配给一对传输节点对后，只有与接收节点间路损大于一定路损门限的发送节点可以复用该频率资源。控制节点按照频率资源复用概率模拟干扰并计算对接收节点的干扰(interference)。并最终获取信干噪比(仍标识为S/N)。
S/N＝(P/fadding)/(noise+interference)，此处P、noise和interference的单位为W或mW，fadding是无量纲量，S/N也是无量纲量。
以信噪比或信干噪比为标准做一次判决，如果信噪比或信干噪比低于一定门限则不能选择该通道，例如，加入1->2的S/N低于门限ThSNR，则不能选择节点1、2间直接传输的一跳路径。
(5)计算各条传输通道的容量，并得到不同路径的容量。
例如，假设(4)的所有通道信噪比都大于门限值，则可以计算所有可能传输路径的容量。容量如表3所示。
表3：
路径编号 传输路径 容量
1 1->2 C12
2 1->3->2 min(C13,C32)/2
3 1->4->2 min(C14,C42)/2
4 1->5->2 min(C15,C52)/2
控制节点将不同容量的路径按容量由大到小排序，存储传输路径。可只存储容量最大的传输路径，也可根据跳数限制存储多条传输路径。
其中，如果部分中间节点负荷过大，不允许中转数据，则该路径不存入路由表。如假如路径3中节点4负荷过大，不允许中转数据，则路径3不存入路由表。
本例中假设路径1、2、3容量可接受，将其存入路由表。最终路由表如表4所示。
表4：
路径编号 传输路径 容量 时延
1 1->2 C12 T12
2 1->3->2 C1-3-2 T1-3-2
3 1->4->2 C1-4-2 T1-4-2
(6)在传输节点1、2可能进行传输时或传输节点1、2接入时，控制节点将存储的传输路径和顺序发送给传输节点对。路由表可以只发送给发送传输节点1，或发送给传输节点1、2，或也可同时发送给中间节点。
实施中，控制节点可以更新路由信息，也即，在一些条件下，控制节点需要更新路由表。则当满足以下条件之一或者其组合时可以生成路由信息：
传输节点对位置变化；
传输节点对所处的分布式网络发生信道变化；如，相关节点的信道衰落方式变化；
距离上一次生成路由信息的时间超过预设时间；如，可以设置路由表有效时长，当路由表有效时间超时时进行更新；
增加了传输节点对；如，出现新的传输节点对；
传输节点对被删除；如，删除了原有传输节点对；
传输节点对之间能够进行数据传输的路径上的中间节点发生变化；如，原有路由表中的中间节点位置变化或掉线等。
路由表的更新，实质上是生成下一次的路由信息，因此控制节点更新路由表的方式可以参见上述生成路由信息的实施。
下面对传输节点对根据路由指示确定传输路径的实施进行说明。
图4为确定传输路径的方法实施流程示意图，如图所示，可以包括：
步骤401、在传输节点和/或中间节点上接收路由指示，所述路由指示中携带以下信息 之一或者其组合：路由信息、所述路由信息中保存的各路径、所述路由信息中保存的各路径在进行数据传输时的传输参数、根据所述路由信息确定的传输路径，其中，所述路由信息是在控制节点上生成的，在所述路由信息中保存有传输节点对之间能够进行数据传输的各路径，和/或各路径在进行数据传输时的传输参数；
步骤402、根据路由指示，和/或业务需求及当前的传输参数，确定进行数据传输的路径。
实施中，业务需求及当前的传输参数可以包括以下参数之一或者其组合：根据业务需求确定的传输时延、当前的信道状况、当前的干扰情况、传输路径上通道资源当前的占用情况、当前的系统容量。
具体实施中，传输节点对在需要进行数据传输的时候，调取存储的路由表。根据业务需求、信道状况、干扰情况、系统容量等从路由表中进行传输路径选择。具体的，可以如下：
1)发送节点根据路由表顺序提取存储路径；
2)发送节点根据限制条件进行传输路径选择，如：
根据当前业务需求选择，如当前传输业务时延要求为Thdelay，时延大于该门限的路径不能选择；
按照当前信道状况选择，如当前某通道的信道经历深衰，包含该通道的路径不能选择；
按照干扰情况选择，如某通道当前经历较大干扰，包含该通道的路径不能选择；
按照传输通道资源占用情况选择，如，如果当前时刻某中间节点需要中转的数据很多，资源占用大于一定门限，可以由该中间节点拒绝中转或发送节点自行排除包含该中间节点的路径；
按照系统容量选择，如，如果某路径由于中转或重传导致占用资源较多，系统容量太小，不优先选择甚至放弃该路径。
3)发送节点确定传输路径并依据该路径的通道发起数据传输，并根据需要通知对端接收节点、中间节点或控制节点。也即，在确定进行数据传输的路径后，还可以进一步包括：通知以下节点之一或者其组合：传输节点对中的接收端、传输路径上的中间节点、控制节点。
具体的，例如，可以通知中间节点：发送节点、接收节点编号，以及多跳情况下上一跳和下一跳节点的编号，或只通知上一跳和下一跳节点的编号；通知对端接收节点的是：发送节点、中间节点编号，或只通知发送节点、接收节点上一跳编号；通知控制节点的是： 所选路径编号，或所选路径中的节点编号。
下面再以实例进行说明。
实施例二：
本实施例用以说明传输节点进行传输路径选择的实施。
为更好地理解传输节点与控制节点的配合实施，本实施例是在实施例一的基础上进行的，则假设得到实施例一中表4的传输节点对1、2中间的路由表。
表4：
路径编号 传输路径 容量 时延
1 1->2 C12 T12
2 1->3->2 C1-3-2 T1-3-2
3 1->4->2 C1-4-2 T1-4-2
则在选择路径时可以如下：
(1)发送节点根据路由表顺序提取存储路径，传输节点1、2之间的路由表路径为：路径1：1->2、路径2：1->3->2、路径2：1->4->2；
(2)发送节点根据限制条件进行传输路径选择，如：
当前业务需求，如当前传输业务时延要求为Thdelay，将路由表中各条路径时延大于门限Thdelay的路径排除，例如，如果T1-4-2>Thdelay，则排除路径3；
按照当前信道状况，如路径1：1->2，在当前时刻信道经历深衰，节点1到节点2直接传输的路径不可用，需要另行选择路径；
按照干扰情况，某通道当前经历较大干扰，包含该通道的路径不能选择，例如通道3->2采用预定资源1传输，而资源1在该时刻有其他节点传输占用，并会对节点2造成较大干扰，则路径2：1->3->2不能使用；
按照传输通道资源占用，如果当前时刻某中间节点需要中转的数据很多，资源占用大于一定门限，可以由该中间节点拒绝中转或发送节点自行排除包含该中间节点的路径。如路径2：1->3->2，如果当前时刻节点3需要中转的数据很多，资源占用大于一定门限，可以由节点3拒绝中转或节点1自行放弃路径2。
按照系统容量，如果某路径由于中转或重传导致占用资源较多，系统容量太小，不优先选择甚至放弃该路径。
(3)发送节点确定传输路径并依据该路径的通道发起数据传输，并根据需要通知对端接收节点、中间节点或控制节点。
基于同一发明构思，本申请实施例中还提供了一种生成路由信息的装置、一种确定传输路径的装置，由于这些装置解决问题的原理与一种生成路由信息的方法、一种确定传输路径的方法相似，因此这些装置的实施可以参见方法的实施，重复之处不再赘述。
图5为生成路由信息的装置结构示意图，如图所示，可以包括：
节点对确定模块501，用于在控制节点上确定可能进行数据传输的传输节点对；
路径确定模块502，用于确定所述传输节点对之间能够进行数据传输的路径；
路由信息模块503，用于生成路由信息，所述路由信息中保存有所述传输节点对之间能够进行数据传输的一条或多条路径，和/或所述路径在进行数据传输时的传输参数。
实施中，路径确定模块进一步用于在确定所述传输节点对之间能够进行数据传输的路径时，确定传输节点的位置和/或信道状况，和/或可能的中间节点的位置和/或信道状况；根据传输节点的位置和/或信道状况，和/或可能的中间节点的位置和/或信道状况估算不同传输路径的容量，按最大容量准则确定传输节点对之间能够进行数据传输的路径。
实施中，路径确定模块进一步用于在确定传输节点的位置和/或信道状况，和/或可能的中间节点的位置和/或信道状况后，根据传输节点对中发送端的发送功率，及根据传输节点的位置和/或信道状况，和/或可能的中间节点的位置和/或信道状况确定的信道衰落信息、底噪获得信噪比；和/或，根据经验或历史信息得到干扰信息、传输节点对中发送端的发送功率，及根据传输节点位置和/或信道状况确定的信道衰落信息、底噪获得信干噪比；根据信噪比和/或信干噪比确定传输节点对之间不能够进行数据传输的路径。
实施中，路径确定模块进一步用于通过以下方式之一或者其组合确定传输节点的位置和/或信道状况，和/或可能的中间节点的位置和/或信道状况：通过为节点预配置的位置和信道状况信息确定、通过高层节点通知确定、通过传输节点及路径经过的中间传输节点的上报信息确定。
实施中，路由信息模块进一步用于在确定所述传输节点对之间能够进行数据传输的路径时，确定各路径在进行数据传输时包括以下参数之一或者其组合的传输参数：传输时延、信噪比、误块率、系统容量。
实施中，路由信息模块进一步用于当满足以下条件之一或者其组合时生成路由信息：
传输节点对位置变化；
传输节点对所处的分布式网络发生信道变化；
距离上一次生成路由信息的时间超过预设时间；
增加了传输节点对；
传输节点对被删除；
传输节点对之间能够进行数据传输的路径上的中间节点发生变化。
实施中，进一步包括：
路由指示模块504，用于向所述传输节点对中的一个或两个传输节点，和/或中间节点发送路由指示，所述路由指示中携带以下信息之一或者其组合：所述路由信息、所述路由信息中保存的一条或多条路径、所述路由信息中保存的各路径在进行数据传输时的传输参数、根据所述路由信息确定的传输路径。
实施中，路由指示模块进一步用于在向所述传输节点对中的一个或两个传输节点，和/或中间节点发送所述路由指示时，是在所述传输节点对中的一个或两个传输节点接入网络，或进入特定簇，或可能组成传输节点对时，向所述传输节点对中的一个或两个传输节点，和/或中间节点发送所述路由指示的。
图6为确定传输路径的装置结构示意图，如图所示，可以包括：
接收模块601，用于在传输节点和/或中间节点上接收路由指示，所述路由指示中携带以下信息之一或者其组合：路由信息、所述路由信息中保存的各路径、所述路由信息中保存的各路径在进行数据传输时的传输参数、根据所述路由信息确定的传输路径，其中，所述路由信息是在控制节点上生成的，在所述路由信息中保存有传输节点对之间能够进行数据传输的各路径，和/或各路径在进行数据传输时的传输参数；
确定模块602，用于根据路由指示，和/或业务需求及当前的传输参数，确定进行数据传输的路径。
实施中，确定模块进一步用于根据包括以下参数之一或者其组合的业务需求及当前的传输参数确定进行数据传输的路径：根据业务需求确定的传输时延、当前的信道状况、当前的干扰情况、传输路径上通道资源当前的占用情况、当前的系统容量。
实施中，进一步包括：
通知模块603，用于在确定进行数据传输的路径后，通知以下节点之一或者其组合：传输节点对中的接收端、传输路径上的中间节点、控制节点。
为了描述的方便，以上所述装置的各部分以功能分为各种模块或单元分别描述。当然，在实施本申请时可以把各模块或单元的功能在同一个或多个软件或硬件中实现。
在实施本申请实施例提供的技术方案时，可以按如下方式实施。
图7为控制节点结构示意图，如图所示，控制节点中包括：
处理器700，用于读取存储器720中的程序，执行下列过程：
在控制节点上确定可能进行数据传输的传输节点对；
确定所述传输节点对之间能够进行数据传输的路径；
生成路由信息，所述路由信息中保存有所述传输节点对之间能够进行数据传输的一条或多条路径，和/或所述路径在进行数据传输时的传输参数；
收发机710，用于在处理器700的控制下发送和接收数据。
实施中，确定所述传输节点对之间能够进行数据传输的路径，包括：
确定传输节点的位置和/或信道状况，和/或可能的中间节点的位置和/或信道状况；
根据传输节点的位置和/或信道状况，和/或可能的中间节点的位置和/或信道状况估算不同传输路径的容量，按最大容量准则确定传输节点对之间能够进行数据传输的路径。
实施中，在传输节点的位置和/或信道状况，和/或可能的中间节点的位置和/或信道状况后，进一步包括：
根据传输节点对中发送端的发送功率，及根据传输节点的位置和/或信道状况，和/或可能的中间节点的位置和/或信道状况确定的信道衰落信息、底噪获得信噪比；和/或，根据经验或历史信息得到干扰信息、传输节点对中发送端的发送功率，及根据传输节点位置和/或信道状况确定的信道衰落信息、底噪获得信干噪比；
根据信噪比和/或信干噪比确定传输节点对之间不能够进行数据传输的路径。
实施中，传输节点的位置和/或信道状况，和/或可能的中间节点的位置和/或信道状况是通过以下方式之一或者其组合确定的：通过为节点预配置的位置和信道状况信息确定、通过高层节点通知确定、通过传输节点及路径经过的中间传输节点的上报信息确定。
实施中，在确定所述传输节点对之间能够进行数据传输的路径时，确定各路径在进行数据传输时的传输参数，所述传输参数包括以下参数之一或者其组合：传输时延、信噪比、误块率、系统容量。
实施中，当满足以下条件之一或者其组合时生成路由信息：
传输节点对位置变化；
传输节点对所处的分布式网络发生信道变化；
距离上一次生成路由信息的时间超过预设时间；
增加了传输节点对；
传输节点对被删除；
传输节点对之间能够进行数据传输的路径上的中间节点发生变化。
实施中，向所述传输节点对中的一个或两个传输节点，和/或中间节点发送所述路由指示，是在所述传输节点对中的一个或两个传输节点接入网络，或进入特定簇，或可能组成传输节点对时，向所述传输节点对中的一个或两个传输节点，和/或中间节点发送所述路由指示的。
其中，在图7中，总线架构可以包括任意数量的互联的总线和桥，具体由处理器700代表的一个或多个处理器和存储器720代表的存储器的各种电路链接在一起。总线架构还可以将诸如外围设备、稳压器和功率管理电路等之类的各种其他电路链接在一起，这些都是本领域所公知的，因此，本文不再对其进行进一步描述。总线接口提供接口。收发机710可以是多个元件，即包括发送机和收发机，提供用于在传输介质上与各种其他装置通信的单元。处理器700负责管理总线架构和通常的处理，存储器720可以存储处理器700在执行操作时所使用的数据。
图8为末端节点结构示意图，如图所示，末端节点中包括：
处理器800，用于读取存储器820中的程序，执行下列过程：
根据路由指示，和/或业务需求及当前的传输参数，确定进行数据传输的路径；
收发机810，用于在处理器800的控制下发送和接收数据，执行下列过程：
在传输节点和/或中间节点上接收路由指示，所述路由指示中携带以下信息之一或者其组合：路由信息、所述路由信息中保存的各路径、所述路由信息中保存的各路径在进行数据传输时的传输参数、根据所述路由信息确定的传输路径，其中，所述路由信息是在控制节点上生成的，在所述路由信息中保存有传输节点对之间能够进行数据传输的各路径，和/或各路径在进行数据传输时的传输参数。
实施中，业务需求及当前的传输参数包括以下参数之一或者其组合：根据业务需求确定的传输时延、当前的信道状况、当前的干扰情况、传输路径上通道资源当前的占用情况、当前的系统容量。
实施中，在确定进行数据传输的路径后，进一步包括：
通知以下节点之一或者其组合：传输节点对中的接收端、传输路径上的中间节点、控制节点。
其中，在图8中，总线架构可以包括任意数量的互联的总线和桥，具体由处理器800代表的一个或多个处理器和存储器820代表的存储器的各种电路链接在一起。总线架构还可以将诸如外围设备、稳压器和功率管理电路等之类的各种其他电路链接在一起，这些都是本领域所公知的，因此，本文不再对其进行进一步描述。总线接口提供接口。收发机810可以是多个元件，即包括发送机和收发机，提供用于在传输介质上与各种其他装置通信的单元。处理器800负责管理总线架构和通常的处理，存储器820可以存储处理器800在执行操作时所使用的数据。
综上所述，本申请实施例提供的技术方案用以在分布式无线网络系统架构下，实现有效数据路由，以保证低时延和高可靠性要求等要求。主要构思为：由控制节点等网络节点 控制分布式网络的路由表，存储每对末端节点间传输的一条或多条路径的路由信息，末端节点间传输时根据时延和可靠性需求等从路由表中进行传输路径选择，而时延和可靠性需求来源于业务需求，是否满足时延、可靠性需求则可以根据信道状况、干扰情况、系统容量等进行评估。
容易看出，与由路由末端节点纯分布式自行寻找下一跳并自行转发直至到达目标末端节点不同，本申请实施例提供的路由方案结合集中式路由管理和分布式路由选择，一方面使得传输时延可靠性可控，另一方面充分发挥分布式系统的灵活性，以达到最优的时延可靠性性能。
本领域内的技术人员应明白，本申请的实施例可提供为方法、系统、或计算机程序产品。因此，本申请可采用完全硬件实施例、完全软件实施例、或结合软件和硬件方面的实施例的形式。而且，本申请可采用在一个或多个其中包含有计算机可用程序代码的计算机可用存储介质(包括但不限于磁盘存储器和光学存储器等)上实施的计算机程序产品的形式。
本申请是参照根据本申请实施例的方法、设备(系统)、和计算机程序产品的流程图和/或方框图来描述的。应理解可由计算机程序指令实现流程图和/或方框图中的每一流程和/或方框、以及流程图和/或方框图中的流程和/或方框的结合。可提供这些计算机程序指令到通用计算机、专用计算机、嵌入式处理机或其他可编程数据处理设备的处理器以产生一个机器，使得通过计算机或其他可编程数据处理设备的处理器执行的指令产生用于实现在流程图一个流程或多个流程和/或方框图一个方框或多个方框中指定的功能的装置。
这些计算机程序指令也可存储在能引导计算机或其他可编程数据处理设备以特定方式工作的计算机可读存储器中，使得存储在该计算机可读存储器中的指令产生包括指令装置的制造品，该指令装置实现在流程图一个流程或多个流程和/或方框图一个方框或多个方框中指定的功能。
这些计算机程序指令也可装载到计算机或其他可编程数据处理设备上，使得在计算机或其他可编程设备上执行一系列操作步骤以产生计算机实现的处理，从而在计算机或其他可编程设备上执行的指令提供用于实现在流程图一个流程或多个流程和/或方框图一个方框或多个方框中指定的功能的步骤。
显然，本领域的技术人员可以对本申请进行各种改动和变型而不脱离本申请的精神和范围。这样，倘若本申请的这些修改和变型属于本申请权利要求及其等同技术的范围之内，则本申请也意图包含这些改动和变型在内。

Claims (33)

  1. 一种生成路由信息的方法，其特征在于，包括：
    在控制节点上确定可能进行数据传输的传输节点对；
    确定所述传输节点对之间能够进行数据传输的路径；
    生成路由信息，所述路由信息中保存有所述传输节点对之间能够进行数据传输的一条或多条路径，和/或所述路径在进行数据传输时的传输参数。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于，所述确定所述传输节点对之间能够进行数据传输的路径，包括：
    确定传输节点的位置和/或信道状况，和/或可能的中间节点的位置和/或信道状况；
    根据传输节点的位置和/或信道状况，和/或可能的中间节点的位置和/或信道状况估算不同传输路径的容量，按最大容量准则确定传输节点对之间能够进行数据传输的路径。
  3. 如权利要求2所述的方法，其特征在于，在确定传输节点的位置和/或信道状况，和/或可能的中间节点的位置和/或信道状况后，进一步包括：
    根据传输节点对中发送端的发送功率，及根据传输节点的位置和/或信道状况，和/或可能的中间节点的位置和/或信道状况确定的信道衰落信息、底噪获得信噪比；和/或，根据经验或历史信息得到干扰信息、传输节点对中发送端的发送功率，及根据传输节点位置和/或信道状况确定的信道衰落信息、底噪获得信干噪比；
    根据信噪比和/或信干噪比确定传输节点对之间不能够进行数据传输的路径。
  4. 如权利要求2或3所述的方法，其特征在于，传输节点的位置和/或信道状况，和/或可能的中间节点的位置和/或信道状况是通过以下方式之一或者其组合确定的：通过为节点预配置的位置和信道状况信息确定、通过高层节点通知确定、通过传输节点及路径经过的中间传输节点的上报信息确定。
  5. 如权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于，在确定所述传输节点对之间能够进行数据传输的路径时，确定各路径在进行数据传输时的传输参数，所述传输参数包括以下参数之一或者其组合：传输时延、信噪比、误块率、系统容量。
  6. 如权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于，当满足以下条件之一或者其组合时生成路由信息：
    传输节点对位置变化；
    传输节点对所处的分布式网络发生信道变化；
    距离上一次生成路由信息的时间超过预设时间；
    增加了传输节点对；
    传输节点对被删除；
    传输节点对之间能够进行数据传输的路径上的中间节点发生变化。
  7. 如权利要求1至6任一所述的方法，其特征在于，进一步包括：
    向所述传输节点对中的一个或两个传输节点，和/或中间节点发送路由指示，所述路由指示中携带以下信息之一或者其组合：所述路由信息、所述路由信息中保存的一条或多条路径、所述路由信息中保存的各路径在进行数据传输时的传输参数、根据所述路由信息确定的传输路径。
  8. 如权利要求7所述的方法，其特征在于，向所述传输节点对中的一个或两个传输节点，和/或中间节点发送所述路由指示，是在所述传输节点对中的一个或两个传输节点接入网络，或进入特定簇，或可能组成传输节点对时，向所述传输节点对中的一个或两个传输节点，和/或中间节点发送所述路由指示的。
  9. 一种确定传输路径的方法，其特征在于，包括：
    在传输节点和/或中间节点上接收路由指示，所述路由指示中携带以下信息之一或者其组合：路由信息、所述路由信息中保存的各路径、所述路由信息中保存的各路径在进行数据传输时的传输参数、根据所述路由信息确定的传输路径，其中，所述路由信息是在控制节点上生成的，在所述路由信息中保存有传输节点对之间能够进行数据传输的各路径，和/或各路径在进行数据传输时的传输参数；
    根据路由指示，和/或业务需求及当前的传输参数，确定进行数据传输的路径。
  10. 如权利要求9所述的方法，其特征在于，业务需求及当前的传输参数包括以下参数之一或者其组合：根据业务需求确定的传输时延、当前的信道状况、当前的干扰情况、传输路径上通道资源当前的占用情况、当前的系统容量。
  11. 如权利要求9或10所述的方法，其特征在于，在确定进行数据传输的路径后，进一步包括：
    通知以下节点之一或者其组合：传输节点对中的接收端、传输路径上的中间节点、控制节点。
  12. 一种生成路由信息的装置，其特征在于，包括：
    节点对确定模块，用于在控制节点上确定可能进行数据传输的传输节点对；
    路径确定模块，用于确定所述传输节点对之间能够进行数据传输的路径；
    路由信息模块，用于生成路由信息，所述路由信息中保存有所述传输节点对之间能够进行数据传输的一条或多条路径，和/或所述路径在进行数据传输时的传输参数。
  13. 如权利要求12所述的装置，其特征在于，所述路径确定模块进一步用于在确定 所述传输节点对之间能够进行数据传输的路径时，确定传输节点的位置和/或信道状况，和/或可能的中间节点的位置和/或信道状况；根据传输节点的位置和/或信道状况，和/或可能的中间节点的位置和/或信道状况估算不同传输路径的容量，按最大容量准则确定传输节点对之间能够进行数据传输的路径。
  14. 如权利要求13所述的装置，其特征在于，所述路径确定模块进一步用于在确定传输节点的位置和/或信道状况，和/或可能的中间节点的位置和/或信道状况后，根据传输节点对中发送端的发送功率，及根据传输节点的位置和/或信道状况，和/或可能的中间节点的位置和/或信道状况确定的信道衰落信息、底噪获得信噪比；和/或，根据经验或历史信息得到干扰信息、传输节点对中发送端的发送功率，及根据传输节点位置和/或信道状况确定的信道衰落信息、底噪获得信干噪比；根据信噪比和/或信干噪比确定传输节点对之间不能够进行数据传输的路径。
  15. 如权利要求13或14所述的装置，其特征在于，所述路径确定模块进一步用于通过以下方式之一或者其组合确定传输节点的位置和/或信道状况，和/或可能的中间节点的位置和/或信道状况：通过为节点预配置的位置和信道状况信息确定、通过高层节点通知确定、通过传输节点及路径经过的中间传输节点的上报信息确定。
  16. 如权利要求12所述的装置，其特征在于，所述路由信息模块进一步用于在确定所述传输节点对之间能够进行数据传输的路径时，确定各路径在进行数据传输时包括以下参数之一或者其组合的传输参数：传输时延、信噪比、误块率、系统容量。
  17. 如权利要求12所述的装置，其特征在于，所述路由信息模块进一步用于当满足以下条件之一或者其组合时生成路由信息：
    传输节点对位置变化；
    传输节点对所处的分布式网络发生信道变化；
    距离上一次生成路由信息的时间超过预设时间；
    增加了传输节点对；
    传输节点对被删除；
    传输节点对之间能够进行数据传输的路径上的中间节点发生变化。
  18. 如权利要求12至17任一所述的装置，其特征在于，进一步包括：
    路由指示模块，用于向所述传输节点对中的一个或两个传输节点，和/或中间节点发送路由指示，所述路由指示中携带以下信息之一或者其组合：所述路由信息、所述路由信息中保存的一条或多条路径、所述路由信息中保存的各路径在进行数据传输时的传输参数、根据所述路由信息确定的传输路径。
  19. 如权利要求18所述的装置，其特征在于，所述路由指示模块进一步用于在向所述传输节点对中的一个或两个传输节点，和/或中间节点发送所述路由指示时，是在所述传输节点对中的一个或两个传输节点接入网络，或进入特定簇，或可能组成传输节点对时，向所述传输节点对中的一个或两个传输节点，和/或中间节点发送所述路由指示的。
  20. 一种确定传输路径的装置，其特征在于，包括：
    接收模块，用于在传输节点和/或中间节点上接收路由指示，所述路由指示中携带以下信息之一或者其组合：路由信息、所述路由信息中保存的各路径、所述路由信息中保存的各路径在进行数据传输时的传输参数、根据所述路由信息确定的传输路径，其中，所述路由信息是在控制节点上生成的，在所述路由信息中保存有传输节点对之间能够进行数据传输的各路径，和/或各路径在进行数据传输时的传输参数；
    确定模块，用于根据路由指示，和/或业务需求及当前的传输参数，确定进行数据传输的路径。
  21. 如权利要求20所述的装置，其特征在于，所述确定模块进一步用于根据包括以下参数之一或者其组合的业务需求及当前的传输参数确定进行数据传输的路径：根据业务需求确定的传输时延、当前的信道状况、当前的干扰情况、传输路径上通道资源当前的占用情况、当前的系统容量。
  22. 如权利要求20或21所述的装置，其特征在于，进一步包括：
    通知模块，用于在确定进行数据传输的路径后，通知以下节点之一或者其组合：传输节点对中的接收端、传输路径上的中间节点、控制节点。
  23. 一种生成路由信息的装置，其特征在于，包括：
    处理器，用于读取存储器中的程序，执行下列过程：
    在控制节点上确定可能进行数据传输的传输节点对；
    确定所述传输节点对之间能够进行数据传输的路径；
    生成路由信息，所述路由信息中保存有所述传输节点对之间能够进行数据传输的一条或多条路径，和/或所述路径在进行数据传输时的传输参数；
    收发机，用于在处理器的控制下发送和接收数据。
  24. 如权利要求23所述的装置，其特征在于，所述处理器进一步用于在确定所述传输节点对之间能够进行数据传输的路径时，确定传输节点的位置和/或信道状况，和/或可能的中间节点的位置和/或信道状况；根据传输节点的位置和/或信道状况，和/或可能的中间节点的位置和/或信道状况估算不同传输路径的容量，按最大容量准则确定传输节点对之间能够进行数据传输的路径。
  25. 如权利要求24所述的装置，其特征在于，所述处理器进一步用于在确定传输节点的位置和/或信道状况，和/或可能的中间节点的位置和/或信道状况后，根据传输节点对中发送端的发送功率，及根据传输节点的位置和/或信道状况，和/或可能的中间节点的位置和/或信道状况确定的信道衰落信息、底噪获得信噪比；和/或，根据经验或历史信息得到干扰信息、传输节点对中发送端的发送功率，及根据传输节点位置和/或信道状况确定的信道衰落信息、底噪获得信干噪比；根据信噪比和/或信干噪比确定传输节点对之间不能够进行数据传输的路径。
  26. 如权利要求24或25所述的装置，其特征在于，所述处理器进一步用于通过以下方式之一或者其组合确定传输节点的位置和/或信道状况，和/或可能的中间节点的位置和/或信道状况：通过为节点预配置的位置和信道状况信息确定、通过高层节点通知确定、通过传输节点及路径经过的中间传输节点的上报信息确定。
  27. 如权利要求23所述的装置，其特征在于，所述处理器进一步用于在确定所述传输节点对之间能够进行数据传输的路径时，确定各路径在进行数据传输时包括以下参数之一或者其组合的传输参数：传输时延、信噪比、误块率、系统容量。
  28. 如权利要求23所述的装置，其特征在于，所述处理器进一步用于当满足以下条件之一或者其组合时生成路由信息：
    传输节点对位置变化；
    传输节点对所处的分布式网络发生信道变化；
    距离上一次生成路由信息的时间超过预设时间；
    增加了传输节点对；
    传输节点对被删除；
    传输节点对之间能够进行数据传输的路径上的中间节点发生变化。
  29. 如权利要求23至28任一所述的装置，其特征在于，所述收发机还用于：
    向所述传输节点对中的一个或两个传输节点，和/或中间节点发送路由指示，所述路由指示中携带以下信息之一或者其组合：所述路由信息、所述路由信息中保存的一条或多条路径、所述路由信息中保存的各路径在进行数据传输时的传输参数、根据所述路由信息确定的传输路径。
  30. 如权利要求29所述的装置，其特征在于，所述收发机进一步用于在向所述传输节点对中的一个或两个传输节点，和/或中间节点发送所述路由指示时，是在所述传输节点对中的一个或两个传输节点接入网络，或进入特定簇，或可能组成传输节点对时，向所述传输节点对中的一个或两个传输节点，和/或中间节点发送所述路由指示的。
  31. 一种确定传输路径的装置，其特征在于，包括：
    处理器，用于读取存储器中的程序，执行下列过程：
    根据路由指示，和/或业务需求及当前的传输参数，确定进行数据传输的路径；
    收发机，用于在处理器的控制下发送和接收数据，执行下列过程：
    在传输节点和/或中间节点上接收路由指示，所述路由指示中携带以下信息之一或者其组合：路由信息、所述路由信息中保存的各路径、所述路由信息中保存的各路径在进行数据传输时的传输参数、根据所述路由信息确定的传输路径，其中，所述路由信息是在控制节点上生成的，在所述路由信息中保存有传输节点对之间能够进行数据传输的各路径，和/或各路径在进行数据传输时的传输参数。
  32. 如权利要求31所述的装置，其特征在于，所述处理器进一步用于根据包括以下参数之一或者其组合的业务需求及当前的传输参数确定进行数据传输的路径：根据业务需求确定的传输时延、当前的信道状况、当前的干扰情况、传输路径上通道资源当前的占用情况、当前的系统容量。
  33. 如权利要求31或32所述的装置，其特征在于，所述收发机还用于：在确定进行数据传输的路径后，通知以下节点之一或者其组合：传输节点对中的接收端、传输路径上的中间节点、控制节点。
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