WO2017092207A1 - 一种高瓦斯突出煤层"钻-冲-割"耦合卸压增透方法 - Google Patents
一种高瓦斯突出煤层"钻-冲-割"耦合卸压增透方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2017092207A1 WO2017092207A1 PCT/CN2016/077971 CN2016077971W WO2017092207A1 WO 2017092207 A1 WO2017092207 A1 WO 2017092207A1 CN 2016077971 W CN2016077971 W CN 2016077971W WO 2017092207 A1 WO2017092207 A1 WO 2017092207A1
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- Prior art keywords
- pressure
- drilling
- coal
- coal seam
- seam
- Prior art date
Links
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 121
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 60
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 23
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 9
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 title abstract description 11
- 238000011010 flushing procedure Methods 0.000 title abstract 5
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 58
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 14
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000004080 punching Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000010354 integration Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000001028 reflection method Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 13
- 238000009412 basement excavation Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000003795 desorption Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 18
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005422 blasting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003034 coal gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000032798 delamination Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007598 dipping method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
- E21B43/25—Methods for stimulating production
- E21B43/26—Methods for stimulating production by forming crevices or fractures
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B21/00—Methods or apparatus for flushing boreholes, e.g. by use of exhaust air from motor
- E21B21/01—Arrangements for handling drilling fluids or cuttings outside the borehole, e.g. mud boxes
- E21B21/011—Dust eliminating or dust removing while drilling
- E21B21/013—Dust eliminating or dust removing while drilling by liquids
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
- E21B43/006—Production of coal-bed methane
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B7/00—Special methods or apparatus for drilling
- E21B7/04—Directional drilling
- E21B7/046—Directional drilling horizontal drilling
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B7/00—Special methods or apparatus for drilling
- E21B7/18—Drilling by liquid or gas jets, with or without entrained pellets
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21C—MINING OR QUARRYING
- E21C25/00—Cutting machines, i.e. for making slits approximately parallel or perpendicular to the seam
- E21C25/60—Slitting by jets of water or other liquid
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21F—SAFETY DEVICES, TRANSPORT, FILLING-UP, RESCUE, VENTILATION, OR DRAINING IN OR OF MINES OR TUNNELS
- E21F7/00—Methods or devices for drawing- off gases with or without subsequent use of the gas for any purpose
Definitions
- the invention relates to a "drill-crush-cut" coupling pressure relief and permeation method for a high gas outburst coal seam, and is particularly suitable for pressure relief and permeation when a gas is drilled through a layered borehole to pre-pump a high gas outburst coal seam.
- the pre-extracted coal seam gas is the main gas control measure at present.
- most coal seams in China have the characteristics of micro-porosity, high adsorption and low permeability. It is difficult to extract gas effectively, and measures must be taken to increase the permeability of coal seam.
- domestic and foreign scholars have developed a variety of drilling pressure relief technology, through the transformation of coal reservoirs, reduce the effective stress of coal seams and gas flow resistance, thereby improving gas extraction
- the effects include: loose blasting technology, gas injection and anti-reflection technology, hydraulic slitting technology, hydraulic punching technology.
- the object of the present invention is to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, and to provide a simple process, safe and reliable, and to solve the limitations of a single technology, can effectively extend the scope of application of the anti-reflection technology, and improve the gas extraction effect of the regional coal body.
- the high-gas outburst coal seam "drill-crush-cut" coupling pressure relief and permeation method of the present invention adjusts the water jet water inlet pressure in stages according to the different positions of the drilling construction, and controls the water during drilling.
- the jets are respectively subjected to low-pressure water flow drilling and medium-pressure water flow punching.
- the high-pressure water flow slitting is performed, and the low, medium and high-pressure water flows are stepwisely relieved to realize the internal “drill-crush-cut” coupling of the through-hole drilling.
- Pressure relief and transparency integration work the specific steps are as follows:
- the low-pressure water jet of 3-5 MPa is used to assist drilling and slag discharging. Speed up the drilling speed while reducing dust;
- the present invention is directed to the existing multi-drilling pressure relief and anti-reflection measures.
- the direct construction of the original coal seam is easy to induce the nozzle hole, the high-energy medium is uncontrollable and safe, the process is cumbersome and complicated, the effective influence radius is small, and the area is enhanced.
- the effect is not ideal, and the application conditions of a single technology are limited. It is difficult to meet the requirements of the anti-dipping requirements of coals with different conditions.
- By combining the hydraulic punching and hydraulic slitting the drilling and punching-cutting special equipment is used to realize the drilling.
- the coupling operation of the internal “low pressure drilling-medium pressure punching-high pressure cutting seam” causes the coal body in the pre-extraction area to be deformed and displaced to form a networked fracture, providing a channel for the gas desorption flow and expanding the influence range of the single hole pressure relief. Increase the permeability of the coal seam, make the gas easier to extract, and improve the gas drainage efficiency.
- the coupling integration operation of “low-pressure drilling-medium-pressure punching-high-pressure slitting” is realized, which improves The influence range of the pressure relief borehole; after the “drill-crush-cut” coupling pressure relief, the coal body undergoes deformation and displacement, forming a networked fracture, providing a channel for the gas desorption flow, making the gas easier to extract; by controlling the water jet
- the step-by-step pressure relief can gradually release the energy of the coal body, eliminate the power generated by the nozzle hole, and ensure the safety of the construction.
- the method can expand the influence range of the single hole pressure relief, increase the permeability of the coal seam, and improve the gas drainage efficiency.
- the number of pre-drilling holes is reduced, the pre-extraction time is shortened, the construction process is simple, the equipment is safe and reliable, and the coal seams with different occurrence states have good adaptability.
- the invention can reduce the number of drilled holes by 32.5%, the length of the drilled hole by 42.9%, the effect of eliminating the protrusion in the coal roadway area is remarkable, the excavation speed is obviously improved, and the pressure relief effect is well improved, and the gas is high pressure coal seam. Extraction provides reliable technical support and has excellent promotional value.
- Figure 1 is a schematic view of a through-hole drilling arrangement of the present invention.
- Figure 2 (a) is a schematic structural view of the low pressure drilling of the present invention
- Figure 2 (b) is a schematic structural view of the medium pressure punching of the present invention.
- Fig. 2(c) is a schematic view showing the structure of the high pressure slit of the present invention.
- the high-gas outburst coal seam "drill-crush-cut" coupling pressure relief and permeation method adjusts the water jet water inlet pressure in stages according to different positions of the drilling construction, and controls the water jet to perform low-pressure water flow separately during drilling. Drilling and medium-pressure water flow punching, when drilling, the high-pressure water flow slitting is carried out, and the pressure is gradually reduced according to the low, medium and high-pressure water flow to realize the internal “drill-crush-cut” coupling pressure relief and penetration enhancement of the through-hole drilling 3
- the specific steps are as follows:
- Example 1 as shown in Figure 1, the coal seam 2 is a high gas outburst coal seam, and the coal roadway 4 is faced with a great danger.
- the pre-extracted coal road strip with coal seam gas the bottom plate in the lower part of the coal seam 2 Rock tunnel 1 inward to coal seam 2 construction up to the through hole drilling 3, pre-extracted coal seam 2 gas, cover coal roadway 4 excavation; from the floor rock tunnel 1 to the coal seam 2 pre-drainage area to arrange multiple through-hole drilling 3; using pressure control
- the integrated drill bit 7 constructs a plurality of through-hole drilling holes 3 arranged in the pre-extraction area one by one. When the pressure-controlled integrated drill bit 7 is not drilled into the coal seam 2, as shown in Fig.
- low-pressure water of 3-5 MPa is used.
- the jet assists drilling and slag discharge, and accelerates the drilling speed while effectively reducing dust; when the pressure-controlled integrated drill bit 7 enters the coal seam 2 from the coal seam floor 5, as shown in Fig. 2(b), the water pressure is raised to 8-12 MPa.
- the medium pressure water jet is used for punching. Since the pressure control integrated drill bit 7 is pressed in front, the side nozzle of the pressure control integrated drill bit 7 is pressed and closed, and the water jet flushes the front coal body only through the front nozzle, along with the broken coal body. Discharge, a pressure relief hole 9 is formed in the coal seam 2, and the coal body energy is initially released, so that the surrounding coal body is directed to the pressure relief zone.
- preliminary pressure relief can be Avoiding the collapse of the borehole 3 and the closing of the pressure relief slot 10, ensuring that the pressure relief effect is effective for a long time; by observing the coal outflow condition of the drilled hole, the occurrence of the coal seam 2 is judged, and when the borehole 3 passes through After the coal seam 2 stops drilling; the drilling is carried out, the water pressure is further increased during the process of retreating, and the coal body is cut by the high pressure water jet of 15-25 MPa, because the pressure control integrated drill bit 7 is no longer pressed in front, the front nozzle The side nozzle is opened, the water jet is sprayed only from the side nozzle, and the slot 10 is formed in the coal seam 2. As shown in Fig. 2(c), the surrounding coal body is strongly disturbed in different directions, and the borehole 3 is uniformly relieved. Moreover, the influence range is increased, the gas permeability of the coal body is improved, and the gas is more easily
- the through-hole drilling 3 adopts the “drill-crush-cut” coupling pressure relief technology, which can expand the single-hole pressure relief influence range, increase the gas permeability of the coal seam 2, improve the gas drainage efficiency, and thus reduce the number of pre-drilling holes.
- the pre-extraction time is shortened, and the technology has good adaptability to the coal seams 2 in different occurrence states.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Earth Drilling (AREA)
- Excavating Of Shafts Or Tunnels (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims (1)
- 一种高瓦斯突出煤层“钻-冲-割”耦合卸压增透方法,其特征在于:根据钻孔施工所处的不同位置分阶段调节水射流进水压力,钻进时,控制水射流分别进行低压水流钻进和中压水流冲孔,退钻时,进行高压水流割缝,按低、中、高压水流逐级卸压,实现穿层钻孔(3)内部“钻-冲-割”耦合卸压增透一体化作业,具体步骤如下:a.从底板岩巷(1)向煤层(2)预抽区域布置多个穿层钻孔(3);b.采用压控一体化钻头(7)逐一施工预抽区域布置的多个穿层钻孔(3),在压控一体化钻头(7)未钻进至煤层(2)时,采用3-5MPa的低压水射流辅助钻进、排渣,加快钻进速度的同时起到降尘作用;c.当压控一体化钻头(7)钻进达煤层底板(5)进入煤层(2)时,调高水射流压力至8-12MPa,采用中压水射流在煤层(2)进行冲孔,由于压控一体化钻头(7)在钻进过程中前方受压,压控一体化钻头(7)侧面的喷嘴受压关闭,水射流仅通过前部喷嘴冲刷前方煤体,随着破碎煤体的排出,煤层(2)内形成卸压孔洞(9),初步释放煤体内能;d.对钻孔口的出煤情况进行观察,判断煤层(2)赋存情况,当钻孔(3)穿过煤层(2)后停止钻进;e.进行退钻,在退钻的过程中,进一步增高水射流的水压,采用15-25MPa的高压水射流切割煤体,由于压控一体化钻头(7)前方不再受压,前部喷嘴关闭,侧面喷嘴张开,水射流仅从侧面喷嘴喷出,在煤层(2)内退钻的过程中,完成一个个水力割缝槽(10),从而实现煤体均匀卸压;f.当煤层(2)内水力割缝完成后,形成具有特殊形态的穿层抽采钻孔(11),停止向压控一体化钻头(7)输送高压水,保持旋转的同时将压控一体化钻头(7)和钻杆(8)退出钻孔(3)。
Priority Applications (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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AU2016363855A AU2016363855B2 (en) | 2015-11-30 | 2016-03-31 | "drilling-flushing-slotting" coupled pressure relief and permeability increasing method for high gas outburst coal seam |
US15/548,060 US10280686B2 (en) | 2015-11-30 | 2016-03-31 | Method of performing combined drilling, flushing, and cutting operations on coal seam having high gas content and prone to bursts to relieve pressure and increase permeability |
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CN201510866018.4 | 2015-11-30 | ||
CN201510866018.4A CN105422069B (zh) | 2015-11-30 | 2015-11-30 | 一种高瓦斯突出煤层“钻‑冲‑割”耦合卸压增透方法 |
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US (1) | US10280686B2 (zh) |
CN (1) | CN105422069B (zh) |
AU (1) | AU2016363855B2 (zh) |
WO (1) | WO2017092207A1 (zh) |
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