WO2017089626A1 - Machine and method for the application of paint inside piping - Google Patents

Machine and method for the application of paint inside piping Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2017089626A1
WO2017089626A1 PCT/ES2015/070840 ES2015070840W WO2017089626A1 WO 2017089626 A1 WO2017089626 A1 WO 2017089626A1 ES 2015070840 W ES2015070840 W ES 2015070840W WO 2017089626 A1 WO2017089626 A1 WO 2017089626A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
machine
pipe
paint
cleaning
coating
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/ES2015/070840
Other languages
Spanish (es)
French (fr)
Inventor
Alvaro VICINAY MÚGICA
Ander MAESTRO IBAÑEZ
Original Assignee
Vicinay Múgica Alvaro
Maestro Ibañez Ander
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Vicinay Múgica Alvaro, Maestro Ibañez Ander filed Critical Vicinay Múgica Alvaro
Priority to PCT/ES2015/070840 priority Critical patent/WO2017089626A1/en
Publication of WO2017089626A1 publication Critical patent/WO2017089626A1/en

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05C—APPARATUS FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05C7/00—Apparatus specially designed for applying liquid or other fluent material to the inside of hollow work
    • B05C7/06—Apparatus specially designed for applying liquid or other fluent material to the inside of hollow work by devices moving in contact with the work
    • B05C7/08—Apparatus specially designed for applying liquid or other fluent material to the inside of hollow work by devices moving in contact with the work for applying liquids or other fluent materials to the inside of tubes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B08—CLEANING
    • B08B—CLEANING IN GENERAL; PREVENTION OF FOULING IN GENERAL
    • B08B9/00—Cleaning hollow articles by methods or apparatus specially adapted thereto 
    • B08B9/02—Cleaning pipes or tubes or systems of pipes or tubes
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16L—PIPES; JOINTS OR FITTINGS FOR PIPES; SUPPORTS FOR PIPES, CABLES OR PROTECTIVE TUBING; MEANS FOR THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16L55/00—Devices or appurtenances for use in, or in connection with, pipes or pipe systems
    • F16L55/26—Pigs or moles, i.e. devices movable in a pipe or conduit with or without self-contained propulsion means
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16L—PIPES; JOINTS OR FITTINGS FOR PIPES; SUPPORTS FOR PIPES, CABLES OR PROTECTIVE TUBING; MEANS FOR THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16L55/00—Devices or appurtenances for use in, or in connection with, pipes or pipe systems
    • F16L55/26—Pigs or moles, i.e. devices movable in a pipe or conduit with or without self-contained propulsion means
    • F16L55/28—Constructional aspects
    • F16L55/40—Constructional aspects of the body
    • F16L55/44—Constructional aspects of the body expandable

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a machine and a method to perform the interior painting work of the joints of steel pipes between 8 "and 56" in diameter, giving continuity to the interior coating with epoxy paint usually present the aqueduct, pipeline and / o gas pipeline, channeling for C02 transport and mineral dissolution, both on-shore and offshore, to reduce load losses and increase driving performance.
  • the pipes of steel tube are coated internally with epoxy or polyurethane paint in order to reduce the friction of the fluid to be transported, either liquid or gaseous, thus reducing the pressure losses and assuming an optimization of the energy necessary to transport the interior fluid , either by means of pumps or compressors.
  • the problem arises from not being able to ensure the continuity of the inner lining of the pipes, since the high temperatures of the joints between one tube and another damage the inner lining.
  • steel tubes are supplied in lengths between 12 and 24 meters at times, and are welded to each other at the final site (at the trench in the onshore pipelines or on the decks of ships in offshore projects) "), which is why steel pipes are supplied with uncoated ends, bare inside.
  • joint-E In piping for water transport, flared or flared connections are generally used. That is, a straight or “male” end that is It is inserted into a flared or flared “female” end, and subsequently the joint is welded externally.
  • joint-E which consists of a metal ferrule that is welded on the straight or "male” end of the tube, creating an air chamber between the ferrule to be welded and the inner surface of the pipe. This air chamber thermally protects the continuity of the inner coating of the outer weld of the pipe.
  • this E-joint is not applicable to gas and oil pipelines, because bevel pipes and butt welds are used for the high service pressures and to ensure the tightness of the pipes.
  • the problem of discontinuity is solved of the interior lining in the pipes that constitute gas pipelines, pipelines, aqueducts and transport of C02 and mineral in solution, after making the corresponding joint welds between pipes; in addition to supposing an energetic optimization of the project by the saving of power of impulse that supposes and by the greater useful life of the canalization that generates, when avoiding the inner corrosion of the tubes in the zones of union.
  • the machine of the present invention is anchored inside the duct, motionless, which allows the correct application of the paint and ensures the co-axiality thereof with respect to the channeling.
  • the paint thickness applied in each cycle can be ensured. If we consider as an alternative units of coating where this process occurs with the displacement of the total of the set, assuring an optimum finish is very difficult, as well as programming more than one painting cycle.
  • the machine of the invention due to its weight characteristics and contact surface with the pipe ensures a correct movement and displacement providing an optimal coating finish and without damaging the already painted interior surface. If we consider as an alternative product a robot transported by caterpillars the weight increase is considerable besides being the caterpillars much more aggressive with the coating of the tube.
  • the machine object of this invention intended for the application of paint inside pipes, specifically in the area of union by welding between two steel tubes, which lacks the paint coating that presents the rest of the same, it comprises the following devices:
  • a device for moving and immobilizing the machine inside the pipe provided with a smooth and sliding peripheral surface and means of inflation or expansion in radial direction, capable of pressing on the internal walls of the pipe to achieve its immobilization while the cleaning and painting operations are carried out inside it.
  • These means consist of skates provided with a radial expansion mechanism, or balloons which, when inflated, press against the walls of the pipe; in both cases placed longitudinally around the body of the machine and between it and the inner walls of the pipe.
  • a cleaning device and a device for applying the paint coating to the interior strip (area) of the pipe that has no coating consisting of at least one paint lance that incorporates a paint application nozzle on the end, which it is stored in a small tank and / or a lance that incorporates at the end a nozzle through which pressurized air exits to exert a cleaning task on the inner surface of the pipe, which are mounted longitudinally with respect to the body of the machine in sliding guides and joined in a front plate, which is driven by the piston of a pneumatic cylinder through which the cleaning and painting cycles are carried out moving the lances longitudinally inside the pipe, once the machine has been immobilized in a timely place.
  • a means of moving the machine that includes means for locating the welding area, through the electrical continuity generated by metal contacts of the machine, without coating with paint, so it must be painted internally, and means for pulling the machine, initially located close to the mouth of the pipe upstream, or at the last connection made or to be made, to the outlet mouth located downstream.
  • the method of applying paint inside pipes uses the machine described above and comprises the following phases: a) A previous phase of placing the machine inside the pipe, immediately after the mouth upstream, which is the one through which the weld has to be made to join the section or pipe to be installed to the already installed pipe portion, joined by means of a pulling hose (17) running through inside the pipe (14) to the outlet (downstream), through which the paint application machine receives the power and compressed air; b) Immobilize the paint application machine inside the pipeline, supplying pressure to the balls or the elements immobilizing it, before introducing the new pipe or section of pipe inside the trench, facing the pipes weld and proceed to perform the external welding of the same; c) Carry out a first cycle of cleaning by means of compressed air, which blows the walls of the pipe cleaning the possible particles existing in it, by means of at least one nozzle located at the front end of a lance and at least one subsequent cycle of painted in which pressure paint is projected in this area, both operations being carried out sequentially by displacement of the cleaning lances and
  • the main application of the method of the invention is carried out after making the joint welds between pipes, but it is also capable of being used for repairing the interior lining of the pipes, if necessary.
  • FIG. 1 shows a side elevational view of the machine of the invention.
  • FIG. 4 represents plan views, elevation and profile of the paint device incorporated in this machine.
  • FIG. 5 shows schematically the structure of a winch (17) used to connect and / or move said machine inside a pipe (14) in whose internal welds have to be coated by paint.
  • FIG. 6 represents in respective views in side and front elevation the complementary means necessary to perform the paint application operations inside the pipe (14) by the machine of the invention.
  • FIG. 7 shows views in front elevation and plant, partially sectioned of a machine intended to paint small diameter tubes.
  • a means of moving the machine that includes means for locating the welding area and without coating the pipe, which is to be painted internally.
  • the displacement and immobilization device to achieve these two characteristics must have a smooth and sliding surface and means of inflation or expansion in radial direction must be provided capable of pressing on the internal walls of the pipe to achieve its immobilization by this effect.
  • these means consist of skids, provided with pneumatic cylinders of radial expansion, formed by inflated balloons that when pressing against the walls of the pipe adapt to the possible irregularities that could have.
  • this device consists of one or more longitudinal pneumatic balloons (2), placed / s around the body of the machine (1). In the embodiment shown in FIG. 7, it is a single balloon that wraps around the body of the machine (1) and has an approximate diameter inside the pipe (14), so that when pressure is lost it can slide along the length of the pipe.
  • the device for applying the paint coating, in the area lacking epoxy coating, located around the area in which welding has been carried out between two sections of pipe is constituted by at least one paint lance (7) which incorporates at the end a paint application nozzle (3), which is stored in a small deposit (9).
  • the cleaning device is constituted by at least one lance (8) that incorporates at the end a nozzle (4) through which pressurized air exits to exert a cleaning task on the inner surface of the pipe (14) in the area where it lacks epoxy coating and that will later be painted.
  • the figure shows two lances (7, 8) and their corresponding nozzles (3, 4), but a single lance and / or a single nozzle would be feasible to carry out the two cleaning and painting operations with the same elements, always that independent conduits and / or nozzles are used so that the paint residues of the interior application do not impregnate the walls of the pipe during the cleaning operations.
  • the paint (7) and cleaning (8) lances (8) are mounted longitudinally with respect to the body of the machine (1) in sliding guides (15) and joined frontally in a plate (12), which is driven by the piston (6) of a pneumatic cylinder (5) by means of which the cleaning and painting cycles are carried out by moving the nozzles (3) longitudinally inside the pipe (14) in the area to be coated with paint (see figure 1.
  • the cleaning cycle is started once the machine has been immobilized in a timely manner and after that, at least one paint application cycle will be executed, in both cases the cleaning lances (8) and paint (7) will be applied.
  • the air pressure of the pneumatic system is constant, which guarantees a speed of advance of the lances (7, 8) also constant, while maintaining a certain flow of paint in the feed and with a constant speed of advance which allows to guarantee a thickness (micraje) of the applied inner painting fixed and constant.
  • This thickness can be adjusted by playing with the speed of the spear (pneumatic pressure) and paint flow and also with the number of paint cycles to be applied.
  • This hose (17) has a slightly rough surface, non-aggressive, to prevent damage to the paint that lines the pipe (14) internally, in the body of the tube, whose function is to protect and group both the compressed air supply ducts ( 19) necessary to feed both the balloons (2), and the pneumatic feeding system of the painting cycle, data transfer cable and power supply (20), necessary to power the camera of video-photography (1 0), a lighting bulb and the electrical circuit of the location system; likewise, the hose (17) preferably incorporates a core (18) of a non-elastic synthetic material that allows the machine to move inside the pipe (14). This hose will have an approximate length of 100 meters and for its winding is made in the outlet of the pipe (14) in a winch (16) located near the axis of said pipe (14), supported by a structure (21) in this position.
  • a photographic or video camera (10) suitable for checking the correct application of the paint inside the joint area between two pipes or area to be repaired, or the correct placement of the equipment before starting the paint application cycle.
  • a photographic or video camera 10
  • the lens of the camera must be protected and only the protection will be opened to record the coating made.
  • a focused lighting bulb such as the camera, upstream of the pipe, that is, the opposite of the outlet to which the machine moves in each work cycle.
  • the movement of the machine along the pipe (14) can optionally be carried out automatically, for this purpose on at least one of the balls (2) are fixed two electrical contacts (13) that contact the inner surface of the pipe ( 14), that when there is electrical conductivity between both contacts allows to determine that they are located on a metallic surface, without coating of paint.
  • the machine is moved, after passing an electrical conduction zone between the contacts (13), the machine is moved slightly to ensure that the area to be painted has been completely exceeded, immobilized and proceeded with the cleaning and painting operation.
  • the correct positioning of the machine is ensured thanks to the three or four metallic contacts that it has at one of its ends.
  • the process of applying coating paint inside pipes, object of the present invention, together with the machine designed for its development, comprises the following phases: a) The process of construction of a pipeline by means of welded steel pipes, normally it foresees the welding of several pipes outside the trench and then that section of pipe formed in the trench is inserted and welded to the one that is already placed in a definitive position along the trench in question. Whether it is welding a single tube, or a section formed by several tubes already welded, the machine is placed inside these tubes, outside the trench immediately after the mouth upstream which is the one that has been to carry out the welding to join it to the already installed portion of the pipe.
  • the machine is connected by means of a traction hose (17) running through the inside of the pipe (14) to the outlet (downstream), for which it will have been necessary to cross all the pipes that make up the new section of pipe (14) starting at the end downstream from which the machine will exit at the end of the process, until reaching the end upstream where the machine is located, connecting it to the hose (17) through which it receives the electrical and compressed air supply even recorded data.
  • the lances (7 and 8) are then moved inside the pipe (14) axially to the area to be painted, in a first cycle in which through the nozzle (4) of the lance (8) comes out pressure air that blows the walls of the pipe cleaning the possible particles existing in it.
  • a second subsequent cycle paint is applied until a coating thickness of about 90-100 microns is obtained; If more thickness is necessary as a result of the application, more painting cycles will be carried out. Each cycle is determined by the advance and / or recession of the spears (7, 8). After finishing the painting process, a graphic document of the state of the coating will be made.
  • the machine has at least one contact (13) permanently located on the inner surface of the pipe, which allows determining each time the unit reaches an uncoated section since it will achieve electrical continuity, taking into account Note that the areas to be covered are bare metal areas and the rest of the pipe is covered with an electrical insulator. The traction unit will act at a reduced speed until an electrical continuity is detected and lost; This precise moment of loss of continuity will be the instant in which the machine is in the position in which it must be immobilized to start a new coating cycle.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Spray Control Apparatus (AREA)
  • Coating Apparatus (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a machine and method for the application of paint inside piping, comprising: means for movement inside the piping (14) and for stopping pressed against the internal walls of said piping while the cleaning and painting operations are carried out inside same; a cleaning device and a device for applying the coating of paint, which moves longitudinally in relation to the body of the machine (1) and of the piping (14), carrying out cleaning and painting cycles once the machine has stopped in a convenient position; and means for moving the machine along the piping, including means for locating the weld zone between pipes or pipe sections that are to be painted inside due to the lack of coating. The machine and method are used in the coating of welded joint zones between two steel pipes or pipe sections, which lack the coating of epoxy paint that the rest of the piping has, or in possible areas that may require repair.

Description

DESCRIPCIÓN  DESCRIPTION
Máquina y método de aplicación de pintura en el interior de tuberías. Objeto de la invención Machine and method of applying paint inside pipes. Object of the invention
La presente invención se refiere a una máquina y un método para realizar las labores de pintura interior de las uniones de tuberías de acero entre 8" y 56" de diámetro, dando continuidad al revestimiento interior con pintura epoxi que habitualmente presentan los acueducto, oleoducto y/o gasoducto, canalizaciones para transporte de C02 y mineral en disolución, tanto on-shore como offshore, para reducir las pérdidas de carga y aumentar el rendimiento de la conducción. The present invention relates to a machine and a method to perform the interior painting work of the joints of steel pipes between 8 "and 56" in diameter, giving continuity to the interior coating with epoxy paint usually present the aqueduct, pipeline and / o gas pipeline, channeling for C02 transport and mineral dissolution, both on-shore and offshore, to reduce load losses and increase driving performance.
Las canalizaciones de tubo de acero se revisten interiormente con pintura epoxi o poliuretano con objeto de disminuir el rozamiento del fluido a transportar, ya sea líquido o gaseoso, reduciendo así las pérdidas de carga y suponiendo una optimización de la energía necesaria para transportar el fluido interior, ya sea por medio de bombas o compresores. El problema surge al no poder asegurar la continuidad del revestimiento interior de las canalizaciones ya que las altas temperaturas de las soldaduras de empalme de un tubo con otro dañan el revestimiento interior. Además, los tubos de acero se suministran en largos entre 12 y 24 metros en ocasiones, y se sueldan unos a otros en el emplazamiento final (a píe de zanja en las canalizaciones "onshore" o en las cubiertas de barcos en los proyectos "offshore"), motivo por el cual los tubos de acero se suministran con los extremos sin revestir, desnudos en el interior. The pipes of steel tube are coated internally with epoxy or polyurethane paint in order to reduce the friction of the fluid to be transported, either liquid or gaseous, thus reducing the pressure losses and assuming an optimization of the energy necessary to transport the interior fluid , either by means of pumps or compressors. The problem arises from not being able to ensure the continuity of the inner lining of the pipes, since the high temperatures of the joints between one tube and another damage the inner lining. In addition, steel tubes are supplied in lengths between 12 and 24 meters at times, and are welded to each other at the final site (at the trench in the onshore pipelines or on the decks of ships in offshore projects) "), which is why steel pipes are supplied with uncoated ends, bare inside.
Una posible solución sería el pintado interior de estas zonas de unión manualmente pero no se hace porque se dañaría el resto del recubrimiento interior de la tubería y además no sería posible para tubos de diámetro interior reducido, por debajo de 48" por ejemplo. A possible solution would be the interior painting of these areas of union manually but it is not done because it would damage the rest of the inner lining of the pipe and also would not be possible for tubes of reduced internal diameter, below 48 "for example.
Antecedentes de la invención BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
En las tuberías para el transporte de agua, generalmente se utilizan las uniones abocardadas o acampanadas. Esto es, un extremo recto o "macho" que se introduce en un extremo "hembra" abocardado o acampanado, y posteriormente se suelda la unión exteriormente. Para este tipo de canalizaciones se ha creado la denominada junta-E (Joint-E), que consiste en una virola metálica que se suelda en el extremo recto o "macho" del tubo, creando una cámara de aire entre la virola a soldar y la superficie interior de la tubería. Esta cámara de aire protege térmicamente la continuidad del recubrimiento interior de la soldadura exterior de la tubería. Sin embargo, esta junta-E no es aplicable a gasoductos y oleoductos ya que por las altas presiones de servicio y para asegurar la estanqueidad de las canalizaciones se utilizan tubos biselados y soldaduras a tope. In piping for water transport, flared or flared connections are generally used. That is, a straight or "male" end that is It is inserted into a flared or flared "female" end, and subsequently the joint is welded externally. For this type of channeling has been created the so-called joint-E (Joint-E), which consists of a metal ferrule that is welded on the straight or "male" end of the tube, creating an air chamber between the ferrule to be welded and the inner surface of the pipe. This air chamber thermally protects the continuity of the inner coating of the outer weld of the pipe. However, this E-joint is not applicable to gas and oil pipelines, because bevel pipes and butt welds are used for the high service pressures and to ensure the tightness of the pipes.
Esta solución introduce turbulencias en cuanto al cálculo hidráulico de la misma, lo que equivale a mayores pérdidas de carga, además de resultar más costosa económicamente hablando, ya que implica el coste de una virola metálica, de tres soldaduras adicionales en fábrica (dos circunferenciales y una longitudinal) y el coste de un relleno a colocar en el interior de la virola que evite que esta combe durante la prueba hidráulica a la que se somete a todos los tubos durante su fabricación. This solution introduces turbulences in terms of the hydraulic calculation of the same, which is equivalent to higher load losses, besides being more costly economically speaking, since it involves the cost of a metal ferrule, of three additional welds in the factory (two circumferential and a longitudinal) and the cost of a filling to be placed inside the ferrule to prevent it from sagging during the hydraulic test to which all the tubes are subjected during their manufacture.
La pintura manual del interior de las zonas de unión entre tuberías no se realiza actualmente para no dañar el resto del recubrimiento interior de la canalización y además no sería factible para conducciones de diámetro reducido por lo que se considera que el método empleado para aplicación de pintura en el interior de tuberías de acero no cuenta con ninguna alternativa tecnológica en el mercado. The manual painting of the interior of the joint areas between pipes is not currently done so as not to damage the rest of the interior coating of the pipeline and also would not be feasible for small diameter pipes, which is why the method used for painting application is considered In the interior of steel pipes, there is no technological alternative in the market.
Se conocen también diversos dispositivos, algunos de ellos robotizados, que se desplazan por el interior del tubo, normalmente en funciones de limpieza, pero este tipo de artilugio mecánico se desplazan por el interior de las canalizaciones, no se quedan anclados en el interior de la tubería, inmóviles, por lo que cuando empieza el ciclo de pintura es necesario controlar tanto la velocidad de avance y retroceso del conjunto del artilugio, lo que dificulta enormemente garantizar la aplicación y el espesor de la pintura aplicada en cada ciclo. Various devices are also known, some of them robotic, that move inside the tube, usually in cleaning functions, but this type of mechanical device moves inside the pipes, they do not remain anchored inside the pipe. pipe, immobile, so when the painting cycle begins it is necessary to control both the advance and retraction speed of the device assembly, which makes it extremely difficult to guarantee the application and thickness of the paint applied in each cycle.
Descripción de la invención Description of the invention
Con la máquina de la invención se solucionan el problema de la discontinuidad del revestimiento interior en las tuberías que constituyen gasoductos, oleoductos, acueductos y transporte de C02 y mineral en disolución, tras realizar las correspondientes soldaduras de unión entre tubos; además de suponer una optimización energética del proyecto por el ahorro de energía de impulsión que supone y por la mayor vida útil de la canalización que genera, al evitar la corrosión interior de los tubos en las zonas de unión. With the machine of the invention the problem of discontinuity is solved of the interior lining in the pipes that constitute gas pipelines, pipelines, aqueducts and transport of C02 and mineral in solution, after making the corresponding joint welds between pipes; in addition to supposing an energetic optimization of the project by the saving of power of impulse that supposes and by the greater useful life of the canalization that generates, when avoiding the inner corrosion of the tubes in the zones of union.
A diferencia de los robots o cualquier tipo de artilugio mecánico que se desplace por el interior de las canalizaciones la máquina de la presente invención se encuentra anclada en el interior de la canalización, inmóvil, lo que permite la correcta aplicación de la pintura y asegura la co-axialidad de la misma con respecto a la canalización. Además, al encontrarse totalmente inmovilizada cuando empieza el ciclo de pintura y al controlar tanto la velocidad de avance y retroceso de la lanza y el caudal de pintura, se puede asegurar el espesor de pintura aplicado en cada ciclo. Si consideramos como alternativa unidades de revestimiento donde este proceso se produzca con el desplazamiento del total del conjunto, asegurar un acabado óptimo es muy difícil, lo mismo que programar más de un ciclo de pintura. Unlike robots or any type of mechanical device that moves inside the ducts the machine of the present invention is anchored inside the duct, motionless, which allows the correct application of the paint and ensures the co-axiality thereof with respect to the channeling. In addition, by being totally immobilized when the paint cycle begins and by controlling both the forward and backward speed of the lance and the flow of paint, the paint thickness applied in each cycle can be ensured. If we consider as an alternative units of coating where this process occurs with the displacement of the total of the set, assuring an optimum finish is very difficult, as well as programming more than one painting cycle.
También hay que tener en cuenta que las canalizaciones no siempre se tienden en posición horizontal y en muchas ocasiones las uniones se encuentran tendidas con distintos grados de inclinación. Con equipos robotizados no se puede asegurar la correcta ubicación del equipo en la zona de unión ni la correcta aplicación de la pintura, sin embargo sí es posible con esta máquina gracias a su sistema de ubicación y de inmovilización. It must also be taken into account that the pipes do not always lie horizontally and in many cases the joints are laid with different degrees of inclination. With robotic equipment, it is not possible to ensure the correct location of the equipment in the joint area or the correct application of the paint, however it is possible with this machine thanks to its location and immobilization system.
La máquina de la invención, debido a sus características de peso y superficie de contacto con la tubería asegura una correcta movilización y desplazamiento proporcionando un acabado del revestimiento óptimo y sin dañar la superficie interior ya pintada. Si consideramos como producto alternativo un robot transportado por orugas el incremento de peso es considerable además de ser las orugas mucho más agresivas con el revestimiento del tubo. The machine of the invention, due to its weight characteristics and contact surface with the pipe ensures a correct movement and displacement providing an optimal coating finish and without damaging the already painted interior surface. If we consider as an alternative product a robot transported by caterpillars the weight increase is considerable besides being the caterpillars much more aggressive with the coating of the tube.
La máquina objeto de esta invención, destinada a la aplicación de pintura en el interior de tuberías, concretamente en la zona de unión por soldadura entre dos tubos de acero, que carece del revestimiento de pintura que presenta el resto de la misma, comprende los siguientes dispositivos: The machine object of this invention, intended for the application of paint inside pipes, specifically in the area of union by welding between two steel tubes, which lacks the paint coating that presents the rest of the same, it comprises the following devices:
- Un dispositivo de desplazamiento e inmovilización de la máquina en el interior de la tubería, dotado de una superficie periférica suave y deslizante y de unos medios de inflado o de expansión en sentido radial, capaces de presionar sobre las paredes internas de la tubería hasta conseguir su inmovilización mientras se efectúan las operaciones de limpieza y pintura en su interior. Estos medios consisten en unos patines provistos de un mecanismo de expansión radial, o unos balones que al a hincharse presionan contra las paredes de la tubería; en ambos casos colocados longitudinalmente entorno al cuerpo de la máquina y entre éste y las paredes interiores de la tubería.  - A device for moving and immobilizing the machine inside the pipe, provided with a smooth and sliding peripheral surface and means of inflation or expansion in radial direction, capable of pressing on the internal walls of the pipe to achieve its immobilization while the cleaning and painting operations are carried out inside it. These means consist of skates provided with a radial expansion mechanism, or balloons which, when inflated, press against the walls of the pipe; in both cases placed longitudinally around the body of the machine and between it and the inner walls of the pipe.
- Un dispositivo de limpieza y un dispositivo de aplicación del revestimiento de pintura en la franja (zona) interior de la tubería que carece de revestimiento, constituidos por al menos una lanza de pintura que incorpora en el extremo una boquilla de aplicación de pintura, que se almacena en un pequeño depósito y/o una lanza que incorpora en el extremo una boquilla por la que sale aire a presión para ejercer una labor de limpieza de la superficie interior de la tubería, que están montadas longitudinalmente con respecto al cuerpo de la máquina en unas guías deslizantes y unidas en una placa frontal, que está accionada por el pistón de un cilindro neumático mediantes los cuales se efectúan los ciclos de limpieza y pintura desplazando las lanzas longitudinalmente por el interior de la tubería, una vez que la máquina se ha inmovilizado en lugar oportuno. - A cleaning device and a device for applying the paint coating to the interior strip (area) of the pipe that has no coating, consisting of at least one paint lance that incorporates a paint application nozzle on the end, which it is stored in a small tank and / or a lance that incorporates at the end a nozzle through which pressurized air exits to exert a cleaning task on the inner surface of the pipe, which are mounted longitudinally with respect to the body of the machine in sliding guides and joined in a front plate, which is driven by the piston of a pneumatic cylinder through which the cleaning and painting cycles are carried out moving the lances longitudinally inside the pipe, once the machine has been immobilized in a timely place.
- Un medio de desplazamiento de la máquina que incluye unos medios de localización de la zona de soldadura, a través de la continuidad eléctrica generada por unos contactos metálicos de la máquina, sin revestir de pintura, por lo que se ha de pintar interiormente, y unos medios de tracción de la máquina, situada inicialmente próxima a la boca de la tubería aguas arriba, o en la última unión efectuada o que se va efectuar, hasta la boca de salida situada aguas abajo. - A means of moving the machine that includes means for locating the welding area, through the electrical continuity generated by metal contacts of the machine, without coating with paint, so it must be painted internally, and means for pulling the machine, initially located close to the mouth of the pipe upstream, or at the last connection made or to be made, to the outlet mouth located downstream.
El método de aplicación de pintura en el interior de tuberías, descrito utiliza la máquina descrita anteriormente y comprende las siguientes fases: a) Una fase previa de colocación de la máquina en el interior de la tubería, inmediatamente después de la boca aguas arriba, que es aquella por la que se ha de realizar la soldadura para unir el tramo o tubo a instalar a la porción de tubería ya instalada, unida por medio de una manguera de tracción (17) que discurre por interior de la tubería (14) hasta la boca de salida (aguas abajo), a través de la cual la máquina aplicadora de pintura recibe la alimentación eléctrica y de aire comprimido; b) Inmovilizar la máquina de aplicación de pintura en el interior de la tubería, suministrando presión a los balones o a los elementos inmovilización de la misma, antes de introducir el nuevo tubo o tramo de tubería en el interior de la zanja, enfrentando los tubos a soldar y procede a realizar la soldadura exterior de los mismos; c) Ejecutar un primer ciclo de limpieza mediante aire comprimido, que sopla las paredes de la tubería limpiando las posibles partículas existentes en la misma, por medio de al menos una boquilla situada en el extremo anterior de una lanza y al menos un ciclo posterior de pintado en el cual se proyecta pintura a presión en esta zona, realizándose ambas operaciones secuencialmente por desplazamiento de las lanzas de limpieza y/o pintado longitudinalmente a lo largo de la franja a pintar. d) Reducir la presión de los balones o a los medios de inmovilización de la máquina en el interior de la tubería empleados hasta desbloquear la máquina de las paredes internas de la tubería y desplazar la máquina traccionando de un cabrestante hasta posicionarla después de la siguiente soldadura camino de la boca de salida, donde se localiza la nueva zona de trabajo, para posteriormente efectuar un nuevo ciclo de pintura de la pared interior de esta zona. The method of applying paint inside pipes, described uses the machine described above and comprises the following phases: a) A previous phase of placing the machine inside the pipe, immediately after the mouth upstream, which is the one through which the weld has to be made to join the section or pipe to be installed to the already installed pipe portion, joined by means of a pulling hose (17) running through inside the pipe (14) to the outlet (downstream), through which the paint application machine receives the power and compressed air; b) Immobilize the paint application machine inside the pipeline, supplying pressure to the balls or the elements immobilizing it, before introducing the new pipe or section of pipe inside the trench, facing the pipes weld and proceed to perform the external welding of the same; c) Carry out a first cycle of cleaning by means of compressed air, which blows the walls of the pipe cleaning the possible particles existing in it, by means of at least one nozzle located at the front end of a lance and at least one subsequent cycle of painted in which pressure paint is projected in this area, both operations being carried out sequentially by displacement of the cleaning lances and / or painted longitudinally along the strip to be painted. d) Reduce the pressure of the balloons or the means of immobilization of the machine inside the pipe used to unlock the machine from the internal walls of the pipe and move the machine by pulling a winch to position it after the next welding path from the outlet mouth, where the new work area is located, to subsequently carry out a new painting cycle of the interior wall of this area.
La aplicación principal del método de la invención se efectúa tras realizar las soldaduras de unión entre tubos, pero también es susceptible de utilizarse para trabajos de reparación del revestimiento interior de las canalizaciones, si fuese necesario. The main application of the method of the invention is carried out after making the joint welds between pipes, but it is also capable of being used for repairing the interior lining of the pipes, if necessary.
Descripción de las figuras Para complementar la descripción que se está realizando y con objeto de facilitar la comprensión de las características de la invención, se acompaña a la presente memoria descriptiva un juego de dibujos en los que, con carácter ilustrativo y no limitativo, se ha representado lo siguiente: Description of the figures To complement the description that is being made and in order to facilitate the understanding of the characteristics of the invention, a set of drawings in which, with an illustrative and non-limiting character, the following has been represented is attached to the present specification:
- La figura 1 muestra una vista en alzado lateral de la máquina de la invención. - Figure 1 shows a side elevational view of the machine of the invention.
- Las figuras 2 y 3 muestran sendas vistas en alzado frontal y planta de la máquina anterior.  - Figures 2 and 3 show views in front elevation and plan of the previous machine.
- La figura 4 representa vistas en planta, alzado y perfil del dispositivo de pintura incorporado en esta máquina.  - Figure 4 represents plan views, elevation and profile of the paint device incorporated in this machine.
- La figura 5 muestra esquemáticamente la estructura de un cabrestante (17) empleado para conectar y/o mover dicha máquina en el interior de una tubería (14) en cuyas soldaduras interiores se han de recubrir mediante pintura.  - Figure 5 shows schematically the structure of a winch (17) used to connect and / or move said machine inside a pipe (14) in whose internal welds have to be coated by paint.
- La figura 6 representa en sendas vistas en alzado lateral y frontal los medios complementarios necesarios para realizar las operaciones de aplicación de pintura en el interior de la tubería (14) mediante la máquina de la invención. - Figure 6 represents in respective views in side and front elevation the complementary means necessary to perform the paint application operations inside the pipe (14) by the machine of the invention.
- La figura 7 muestra sendas vistas en alzado frontal y planta, parcialmente seccionada de una máquina destinada a pintar tubos de diámetro pequeño. - Figure 7 shows views in front elevation and plant, partially sectioned of a machine intended to paint small diameter tubes.
Realización preferente de la invención PREFERRED EMBODIMENT OF THE INVENTION
La máquina mostrada en los ejemplos de realización contempla tres dispositivos principales bien diferenciados: The machine shown in the examples of embodiment contemplates three main devices well differentiated:
- Un dispositivo de desplazamiento e inmovilización de la máquina en el interior de la tubería mientras se efectúan las operaciones de limpieza y pintura del interior de la misma. - A device for moving and immobilizing the machine inside the pipeline while the cleaning and painting operations are carried out inside it.
- Un dispositivo de limpieza y de aplicación del revestimiento de pintura en la zona que carece de revestimiento, localizada en torno a la zona en la que se ha efectuado la soldadura entre dos tubos o tramos de tubería.  - A device for cleaning and applying the coating of paint in the area that has no coating, located around the area where the welding has taken place between two pipes or sections of pipe.
- Un medio de desplazamiento de la máquina que incluye unos medios de localización de la zona de soldadura y sin revestir de la tubería, que se ha de pintar interiormente. - Opcionalmente, un medio de registro gráfico de la operación realizada. - A means of moving the machine that includes means for locating the welding area and without coating the pipe, which is to be painted internally. - Optionally, a means of graphic recording of the operation performed.
El dispositivo de desplazamiento e inmovilización para conseguir estas dos características ha de presentar una superficie suave y deslizante y se han de prever unos medios de inflado o de expansión en sentido radial capaces de presionar sobre las paredes internas de la tubería para conseguir su inmovilización por este efecto. En general estos medios consisten en unos patines, provistos de unos cilindros neumáticos de expansión radial, conformados por balones hinchados que al presionar contra las paredes de la tubería se adaptan a las posibles irregularidades que pudiera tener. En una realización preferencial este dispositivo consiste en uno o más balones neumáticos longitudinales (2), colocado/s en torno al cuerpo de la máquina (1 ). En la realización representada en la figura 7 se trata de un único balón que envuelve el cuerpo de la máquina (1 ) y presenta un diámetro aproximado al interior de la tubería (14), de forma que al perder presión puede deslizar a lo largo de la misma, mientras que al hincharlo a partir de una presión queda bloqueado inmóvil en el punto en el que se encuentra. Cuando se trata de tubos con un diámetro mayor se prefiere colocar un número de 3 o 4 balones, colocados en paralelo al eje de la máquina y dispuestos a 120 ° o 90e respectivamente, tal y como se ha representado en las figuras 1 -3. The displacement and immobilization device to achieve these two characteristics must have a smooth and sliding surface and means of inflation or expansion in radial direction must be provided capable of pressing on the internal walls of the pipe to achieve its immobilization by this effect. In general these means consist of skids, provided with pneumatic cylinders of radial expansion, formed by inflated balloons that when pressing against the walls of the pipe adapt to the possible irregularities that could have. In a preferred embodiment this device consists of one or more longitudinal pneumatic balloons (2), placed / s around the body of the machine (1). In the embodiment shown in FIG. 7, it is a single balloon that wraps around the body of the machine (1) and has an approximate diameter inside the pipe (14), so that when pressure is lost it can slide along the length of the pipe. the same, while to inflate it from a pressure is locked immobile at the point where it is. When it comes to tubes with a larger diameter is preferred to place a number of 3 or 4 balls, placed parallel to the axis of the machine and arranged at 120 ° or 90 and respectively, as shown in figures 1 -3 .
Cuando se trata de varios balones (2) éstos se colocan longitudinalmente y perimetralmente a la pared interior de la tubería (14) montados sobre una estructura en forma de anillo circular (1 1 ) que envuelve el cuerpo de la máquina (1 ). Estos balones (2) cuentan con una alimentación de aire comprimido común entre ellos e independiente al resto de la máquina, a través de la que se insufla aire a presión a fin de que al hincharlos inmovilicen la máquina en una posición precisa en el interior de la tubería, una vez que ésta ha sido ubicada en la posición correcta, pasada la zona de unión entre dos tramos de tubo en la dirección de avance de la máquina a lo largo de la tubería (14). La alimentación de aire comprimido a dichos balones (2) y su disposición permite que cuando se alcanza la presión de trabajo se inmovilice la máquina en el interior de la tubería, mientras que con una presión inferior, ligeramente desinflados, tendrán un diámetro inferior al diámetro interior de la tubería (14) lo que permite desplazarlos de forma homogénea y automatizada a lo largo de la misma. Esto permite que con un ligero aumento de la presión neumática los balones se inflen y por presión, se queden fijados en el interior del tubo. A este efecto la superficie exterior de los balones debe ser suave y aterciopelada para garantizar que no se dañe la pintura interior en el cuerpo del tubo al trasladar la máquina. When it comes to several balls (2) these are placed longitudinally and perimetrically to the inner wall of the pipe (14) mounted on a circular ring-shaped structure (1 1) that surrounds the body of the machine (1). These balloons (2) have a compressed air supply common between them and independent of the rest of the machine, through which pressurized air is blown in order that when they are inflated they immobilize the machine in a precise position inside the machine. the pipe, once it has been placed in the correct position, past the joining zone between two sections of pipe in the direction of advance of the machine along the pipe (14). The supply of compressed air to said balloons (2) and their arrangement allows that when the working pressure is reached the machine is immobilized inside the pipe, while at a lower pressure, slightly deflated, they will have a diameter smaller than the diameter inside the pipe (14) which allows to move them in a homogeneous and automated way along the same. This allows that with a slight increase of the pneumatic pressure the balloons are inflated and by pressure, they are fixed inside the tube. To this end, the outer surface of the balls must be soft and velvety to ensure that the inner paint on the tube body is not damaged when moving the machine.
El dispositivo de aplicación del revestimiento de pintura, en la zona que carece de revestimiento epoxi, localizada en torno a la zona en la que se ha efectuado la soldadura entre dos tramos de tubería, está constituido por al menos una lanza de pintura (7) que incorpora en el extremo una boquilla (3) de aplicación de pintura, que se almacena en un pequeño depósito (9). Así mismo, el dispositivo de limpieza está constituido por al menos una lanza (8) que incorpora en el extremo una boquilla (4) por la que sale aire a presión para ejercer una labor de limpieza de la superficie interior de la tubería (14) en la zona en la que carece de revestimiento epoxi y que posteriormente va a ser pintada. En la figura se ha representado dos lanzas (7, 8) y sus correspondientes boquillas (3, 4), pero sería factible una única lanza y/o una única boquilla para efectuar las dos operaciones de limpieza y pintado con los mismos elementos, siempre que se empleen conductos y/o boquillas independientes para que los restos de pintura de la aplicación interior no impregnen las paredes de la tubería durante las operaciones de limpieza. The device for applying the paint coating, in the area lacking epoxy coating, located around the area in which welding has been carried out between two sections of pipe, is constituted by at least one paint lance (7) which incorporates at the end a paint application nozzle (3), which is stored in a small deposit (9). Likewise, the cleaning device is constituted by at least one lance (8) that incorporates at the end a nozzle (4) through which pressurized air exits to exert a cleaning task on the inner surface of the pipe (14) in the area where it lacks epoxy coating and that will later be painted. The figure shows two lances (7, 8) and their corresponding nozzles (3, 4), but a single lance and / or a single nozzle would be feasible to carry out the two cleaning and painting operations with the same elements, always that independent conduits and / or nozzles are used so that the paint residues of the interior application do not impregnate the walls of the pipe during the cleaning operations.
La/s lanza/s de pintura (7) y de limpieza (8) están montadas longitudinalmente con respecto al cuerpo de la máquina (1 ) en unas guías deslizantes (15) y unidas frontalmente en una placa (12), que está accionada por el pistón (6) de un cilindro neumático (5) mediantes los cuales se efectúan los ciclos de limpieza y pintura desplazando las boquillas (3) longitudinalmente por el interior de la tubería (14) en la zona a revestir de pintura (ver figura 1 . El ciclo de limpieza se inicia una vez que la máquina se ha inmovilizado en lugar oportuno y después de éste se ejecutará al menos un ciclo de aplicación de pintura; en ambos casos las lanzas de limpieza (8) y pintura (7) se desplazan axialmente y de forma totalmente automatizada, hasta un punto pasada la zona en la que se ha de aplicar la pintura, estando el movimiento de dichas lanzas, tanto en un sentido como en otro, accionado a través de un cilindro neumático (5), que incorpora varias electroválvulas que al abrirse o cerrase determinan el sentido de avance o retroceso de dichas lanzas. The paint (7) and cleaning (8) lances (8) are mounted longitudinally with respect to the body of the machine (1) in sliding guides (15) and joined frontally in a plate (12), which is driven by the piston (6) of a pneumatic cylinder (5) by means of which the cleaning and painting cycles are carried out by moving the nozzles (3) longitudinally inside the pipe (14) in the area to be coated with paint (see figure 1. The cleaning cycle is started once the machine has been immobilized in a timely manner and after that, at least one paint application cycle will be executed, in both cases the cleaning lances (8) and paint (7) will be applied. they move axially and in a completely automated way, until a point past the area in which the paint is to be applied, the movement of said lances, both in one direction and in another, being driven through a pneumatic cylinder (5), that incorporates several electrovalves that when opened or close determine the forward or backward direction of said lances.
La presión de aire del sistema neumático es constante, lo que garantiza una velocidad de avance de las lanzas (7, 8) también constante, al tiempo que se mantiene un flujo determinado de pintura en la alimentación y con una velocidad de avance constante lo que permite garantizar un espesor (micraje) de la pintura interior aplicada fijo y constante. Este espesor se podrá regular jugando con la velocidad de avance de la lanza (presión neumática) y flujo de pintura y también con el número de ciclos de pintura a aplicar. Se h a determinado que en cada ciclo se aplique un espesor de pintura de unas 100 mieras; de esta forma en los proyectos de gaseoductos u oleoductos donde el espesor habitual del revestimiento interior de los tubos suele ser de 60-90 mieras es suficiente con efectuar una pasada o un solo ciclo de pintura; mientras que en los acueductos se suelen aplicar 300-400-500 mieras de pintura, con lo cual sería necesario aplicar 3, 4 o 5 ciclos de pi ntu ra en este tipo de conducciones. The air pressure of the pneumatic system is constant, which guarantees a speed of advance of the lances (7, 8) also constant, while maintaining a certain flow of paint in the feed and with a constant speed of advance which allows to guarantee a thickness (micraje) of the applied inner painting fixed and constant. This thickness can be adjusted by playing with the speed of the spear (pneumatic pressure) and paint flow and also with the number of paint cycles to be applied. It has been determined that in each cycle a paint thickness of about 100 microns is applied; in this way in the projects of gas pipelines or pipelines where the usual thickness of the inner lining of the pipes is usually of 60-90 microns it is enough to carry out one pass or one painting cycle; while in aqueducts, 300-400-500 microns of paint are usually applied, which would require the application of 3, 4 or 5 cycles of pipetting in this type of pipes.
Los medios de desplazamiento de la máquina a lo largo de la tubería en la que se van a revestir las zonas interiores carentes de recubrimiento que van a coincidir con las zonas en las que van a unir o se han unido los distintos tramos de tubo que dan lugar a la conducción, prevén la unión de la máquina a la boca de la tubería mediante una manguera (17) a través de la cual se tracciona de la parte posterior del cuerpo de la máquina (1 ), ya sea por medios manuales o automáticos. Esta manguera (17) presenta una superficie poco rugosa, no agresiva, para evitar daños en la pintura que reviste la tubería (14) interiormente, en el cuerpo del tubo, cuya función es proteger y agrupar tanto los conductos de alimentación de aire comprimido (19) necesarios para alimentar tanto los balones (2), como el sistema de alimentación neumática del ciclo de pintura, cable de transferencia de datos y de alimentación eléctrica (20), necesaria para alimentar la cámara de fotografía-vídeo (1 0), un foco de iluminación y el circuito eléctrico del sistema de ubicación; así mismo la manguera (17) incorpora preferentemente un núcleo (18) de un material sintético no elástico que permite el desplazamiento de la máquina en el interior de la tubería (14). Esta manguera tendrá una longitud aproximada de 100 metros y para su enrollamiento se efectúa en la boca de salida de la tubería (14) en un cabrestante (16) situado próximo al eje de dicha tubería (14), soportado por una estructura (21 ) en esta posición. The means of moving the machine along the pipeline in which the interior areas without coating are going to be coated, which will coincide with the areas in which they will join or have joined the different sections of pipe that give place to the conduction, foresee the union of the machine to the mouth of the pipe by means of a hose (17) through which is pulled from the back of the body of the machine (1), either by manual or automatic means . This hose (17) has a slightly rough surface, non-aggressive, to prevent damage to the paint that lines the pipe (14) internally, in the body of the tube, whose function is to protect and group both the compressed air supply ducts ( 19) necessary to feed both the balloons (2), and the pneumatic feeding system of the painting cycle, data transfer cable and power supply (20), necessary to power the camera of video-photography (1 0), a lighting bulb and the electrical circuit of the location system; likewise, the hose (17) preferably incorporates a core (18) of a non-elastic synthetic material that allows the machine to move inside the pipe (14). This hose will have an approximate length of 100 meters and for its winding is made in the outlet of the pipe (14) in a winch (16) located near the axis of said pipe (14), supported by a structure (21) in this position.
En una aplicación preferencial en la zona frontal del cuerpo de la máquina (1 ) se coloca una cámara fotográfica o de video (10), adecuada para comprobar la correcta aplicación de la pintura en el interior de la zona de unión entre dos tubos o zona a reparar, o la correcta colocación del equipo antes de iniciar el ciclo de aplicación de pintura. En condiciones normales, durante la fase de pintado el objetivo de la cámara deberá estar protegido y únicamente se abrirá la protección para tomar registro del revestimiento realizado. Para la utilización de la cámara fotográfica o de video (10) al encontrarse el equipo en el interior de tuberías de acero enterradas será necesario colocar un foco de iluminación orientado, como la cámara, aguas arriba de la tubería, o sea la opuesta a la boca de salida hacia la cual se desplaza la máquina en cada ciclo de trabajo. In a preferential application in the front area of the body of the machine (1) is placed a photographic or video camera (10), suitable for checking the correct application of the paint inside the joint area between two pipes or area to be repaired, or the correct placement of the equipment before starting the paint application cycle. Under normal conditions, during the painting phase the lens of the camera must be protected and only the protection will be opened to record the coating made. For the use of the camera or video camera (10) when the equipment is inside buried steel pipes it will be necessary to place a focused lighting bulb, such as the camera, upstream of the pipe, that is, the opposite of the outlet to which the machine moves in each work cycle.
El desplazamiento de la máquina a lo largo de la tubería (14) opcionalmente se puede efectuar automáticamente, para ello sobre al menos uno de los balones (2) se fijan sendos contactos eléctricos (13) que contactan con la superficie interior de la tubería (14), que cuando existe conductividad eléctrica entre ambos contactos permite determinar que están situados sobre una superficie metálica, sin recubrir de pintura. Así pues, a medida que se va desplazando la máquina, pasada una zona de conducción eléctrica entre los contactos (13) se desplaza la máquina levemente para asegurarse que la zona a pintar se ha sobrepasado en su totalidad, se inmoviliza y se procede con la operación de limpieza y pintura. El correcto posicionamiento de la máquina se asegura gracias a los tres o cuatro contactos metálicos de los que dispone en uno de sus extremos. The movement of the machine along the pipe (14) can optionally be carried out automatically, for this purpose on at least one of the balls (2) are fixed two electrical contacts (13) that contact the inner surface of the pipe ( 14), that when there is electrical conductivity between both contacts allows to determine that they are located on a metallic surface, without coating of paint. Thus, as the machine is moved, after passing an electrical conduction zone between the contacts (13), the machine is moved slightly to ensure that the area to be painted has been completely exceeded, immobilized and proceeded with the cleaning and painting operation. The correct positioning of the machine is ensured thanks to the three or four metallic contacts that it has at one of its ends.
El proceso de aplicación de pintura de revestimiento en el interior de tuberías, objeto de la presente invención, conjuntamente con la máquina diseñada para su desarrollo, comprende las siguientes fases: a) El proceso de construcción de una canalización mediante tubos de acero soldados, normalmente prevé la soldadura de varios tubos fuera de zanja y después se mete ese tramo de tubería formado en la zanja y se suelda a la que ya está colocada en posición definitiva a lo largo de la zanja en cuestión. Tanto si se trata de soldar un solo tubo, o un tramo formado por varios tubos ya soldados, la máquina se coloca en el interior de estos tubos, fuera de la zanja inmediatamente después de la boca aguas arriba que es aquella por la que se ha de realizar la soldadura para unirla a la porción de tubería ya instalada. La máquina se une por medio de una manguera de tracción (17) que discurre por el interior de la tubería (14) hasta la boca de salida (aguas abajo), para lo cual habrá sido necesario atravesar todos los tubos que conforman el nuevo tramo de tubería (14) empezando por el extremo aguas abajo por el que saldrá la máquina al final del proceso, hasta llegar al extremo aguas arriba donde se sitúa la máqu i na, conectándola a la manguera (17) a través de la cual recibe la alimentación eléctrica y de aire comprimido incluso datos registrados. b) Una vez colocada la máquina en el extremo aguas arriba y conectada a la manguera (17) introducida en el interior de la tubería (14), se suministra presión a los balones (2) para que la máquina no sufra desplazamientos a pesar de los posibles movimientos de la tubería y una vez introducido el nuevo tramo de tubería en el interior de la zanja, el montador enfrenta los tubos a soldar y procede a realizar la soldadura exterior de los mismos. c) Finalizado el proceso de soldadura de la tubería se comprueba que la máquina está más avanzada de la zona a recubrir de pintura, para lo cual se puede utilizar los contactos eléctricos (13), o la cámara (13) existente en la misma y se inicia el ciclo de trabajo de pintura, en caso contrario se procederá a bajar ligeramente la presión de los balones (2) para facilitar el desplazamiento de la máquina desplazándola en dirección a boca de salida hasta que haya ocupado la posición idónea de trabajo, situada unos centímetros después de la zona desnuda de la tubería y se procede de nuevo a fijarla en esa posición volviendo a suministrar presión a los balones (2). d) Las lanzas (7 y 8) se desplazan entonces por el interior de la tubería (14) axialmente a la zona a pintar, en un primero ciclo en el cual a través de la boquilla (4) de la lanza (8) sale aire a presión que sopla las paredes de la tubería limpiando las posibles partículas existentes en la misma. En un segundo ciclo posterior se aplica pintura hasta obtener un espesor de revestido de unas 90-100 mieras aproximadamente; si fuera necesario más espesor por requerimiento de la aplicación se procederá a realizar más ciclos de pintado. Cada ciclo está determinado por el avance y/o retroceso de las lanzas (7, 8). Finalizado el proceso de pintura se realizará un documento gráfico del estado del revestimiento. e) Una vez acabado el proceso de pintado de la zona de soldadura entre dos tramos de tubos, se rebaja la presión de los balones (2) hasta desbloquear la máquina de las paredes internas de la tubería (14) y se desplaza la máquina traccionando del cabrestante (16) hasta posicionarla después de la siguiente soldadura camino de la boca de salida, donde se localiza la nueva zona de trabajo, para posteriormente efectuar un nuevo ciclo de limpieza y pintura de la pared interior de esta zona. The process of applying coating paint inside pipes, object of the present invention, together with the machine designed for its development, comprises the following phases: a) The process of construction of a pipeline by means of welded steel pipes, normally it foresees the welding of several pipes outside the trench and then that section of pipe formed in the trench is inserted and welded to the one that is already placed in a definitive position along the trench in question. Whether it is welding a single tube, or a section formed by several tubes already welded, the machine is placed inside these tubes, outside the trench immediately after the mouth upstream which is the one that has been to carry out the welding to join it to the already installed portion of the pipe. The machine is connected by means of a traction hose (17) running through the inside of the pipe (14) to the outlet (downstream), for which it will have been necessary to cross all the pipes that make up the new section of pipe (14) starting at the end downstream from which the machine will exit at the end of the process, until reaching the end upstream where the machine is located, connecting it to the hose (17) through which it receives the electrical and compressed air supply even recorded data. b) Once the machine is placed on the upstream end and connected to the hose (17) inserted inside the pipe (14), pressure is supplied to the balls (2) so that the machine does not suffer displacements despite the possible movements of the pipe and once introduced the new section of pipe inside the trench, the erector faces the tubes to be welded and proceeds to make the external welding of the same. c) Once the welding process of the pipe has been completed, it is verified that the machine is more advanced in the area to be coated with paint, for which purpose it is possible to use the electrical contacts (13), or the chamber (13) existing therein and the painting work cycle is started, otherwise the pressure of the balloons (2) will be lowered slightly to facilitate the movement of the machine, moving it towards the outlet until it has occupied the ideal working position, located a few centimeters after the bare area of the pipe and proceeds again to fix it in that position again supplying pressure to the balloons (2). d) The lances (7 and 8) are then moved inside the pipe (14) axially to the area to be painted, in a first cycle in which through the nozzle (4) of the lance (8) comes out pressure air that blows the walls of the pipe cleaning the possible particles existing in it. In a second subsequent cycle, paint is applied until a coating thickness of about 90-100 microns is obtained; If more thickness is necessary as a result of the application, more painting cycles will be carried out. Each cycle is determined by the advance and / or recession of the spears (7, 8). After finishing the painting process, a graphic document of the state of the coating will be made. e) Once the process of painting the welding area between two sections of tubes is finished, the pressure of the balls (2) is lowered until the machine is unlocked from the internal walls of the pipe (14) and the machine is moved by pulling of the winch (16) until it is positioned after the next weld on the way to the outlet, where the new work area is located, to subsequently carry out a new cleaning and painting cycle of the interior wall of this area.
Para este último proceso de trabajo preferentemente se emplean medios de detección automáticos de los diferentes tramos a revestir, para lo cual nos valdremos del principio de continuidad eléctrica. A este efecto, la máquina dispone de al menos un contacto (13) permanentemente situado sobre la superficie interior de la tubería, el cual permite determinar cada vez que la unidad alcanza un tramo sin revestir ya que en él se conseguirá continuidad eléctrica, teniendo en cuenta que las zonas a revestir son zonas metálicas desnudas y el resto de la tubería está revestido con un aislante eléctrico. La unidad de tracción actuará a una velocidad reducida hasta que se detecte una continuidad eléctrica y se pierda; este preciso momento de pérdida de continuidad será el instante en el que la máquina se encuentra en la posición en la que debe ser inmovilizada para comenzar un nuevo ciclo de revestimiento. For this last work process, automatic detection means of the different stretches to be coated are preferably used, for which we will use the principle of electrical continuity. To this end, the machine has at least one contact (13) permanently located on the inner surface of the pipe, which allows determining each time the unit reaches an uncoated section since it will achieve electrical continuity, taking into account Note that the areas to be covered are bare metal areas and the rest of the pipe is covered with an electrical insulator. The traction unit will act at a reduced speed until an electrical continuity is detected and lost; This precise moment of loss of continuity will be the instant in which the machine is in the position in which it must be immobilized to start a new coating cycle.

Claims

REIVINDICACIONES
1 .- Máquina para aplicación de pintura en el interior de tuberías, concretamente en la zona de unión por soldadura entre dos tubos de acero que carece del revestimiento de pintura, que presenta el resto de la tubería o en zonas que necesiten reparación, caracterizada porque comprende: 1 .- Machine for applying paint inside pipes, specifically in the area of union by welding between two steel tubes that lacks the paint coating, which presents the rest of the pipeline or in areas that need repair, characterized because includes:
- un dispositivo de desplazamiento e inmovilización de la máquina en el interior de la tubería (14), dotado de una superficie periférica suave y deslizante y de unos medios de inflado o de expansión en sentido radial, capaces de presionar sobre las paredes internas de la tubería (14) hasta conseguir su inmovilización mientras se efectúan las operaciones de limpieza y pintura en su interior, consistiendo este dispositivo en unos patines provistos de medios de expansión radial o unos balones que al a hincharse presionan contra las paredes de la tubería (14), en ambos casos colocados longitudinalmente entorno al cuerpo de la máquina (1 ), entre éste y las paredes interiores de la tubería (14);  - a device for moving and immobilizing the machine inside the pipe (14), provided with a smooth and sliding peripheral surface and means of inflation or expansion in a radial direction, capable of pressing on the internal walls of the pipe (14) until it is immobilized while the cleaning and painting operations are carried out inside it, this device consisting of skids provided with radial expansion means or balloons which, when inflated, press against the walls of the pipe (14) , in both cases placed longitudinally around the body of the machine (1), between it and the inner walls of the pipe (14);
- un dispositivo de limpieza y un dispositivo de aplicación del revestimiento de pintura en la zona interior de la tubería (14) que carece de revestimiento, constituidos por al menos una lanza de pintura (7) que incorpora en el extremo una boquilla (3) de aplicación de pintura, que se almacena en un pequeño depósito (9) y/o una lanza (8) que incorpora en el extremo una boquilla (4) por la que sale aire a presión para ejercer una labor de limpieza de la superficie interior de la tubería (14), que están montadas longitudinalmente con respecto al cuerpo de la máquina (1 ) en unas guías deslizantes (15) y unidas en una placa (12), que está accionada por el pistón (6) de un cilindro neumático (5) mediantes los cuales se efectúan los ciclos de limpieza y pintura desplazando las lanzas (7) y/o (8) longitudinalmente por el interior de la tubería (14), una vez que la máquina se ha inmovilizado en lugar oportuno; y  - a cleaning device and an application device for coating the paint in the interior area of the pipe (14) that has no coating, consisting of at least one paint lance (7) incorporating a nozzle (3) at the end application of paint, which is stored in a small tank (9) and / or a lance (8) that incorporates at the end a nozzle (4) through which air under pressure to exert a task of cleaning the interior surface of the pipe (14), which are mounted longitudinally with respect to the body of the machine (1) in sliding guides (15) and joined in a plate (12), which is driven by the piston (6) of a pneumatic cylinder (5) by means of which the cleaning and painting cycles are carried out by moving the lances (7) and / or (8) longitudinally inside the pipe (14), once the machine has been immobilized in a timely manner; Y
- un medio de desplazamiento de la máquina que incluye unos medios de localización de la zona de soldadura entre tubos o tramos de tubería, que se ha de pintar interiormente por carecer de revestimiento, y unos medios de tracción de la máquina, a partir de una posición inicial próxima a la boca aguas arriba o a la última unión soldada efectuada, o que se va efectuar, hasta la boca de salida situada aguas abajo. - means for moving the machine including means for locating the welding zone between tubes or sections of pipe, which is to be painted internally as it does not have a coating, and means for pulling the machine, starting from a initial position close to the mouth upstream or to the last welded joint made, or to be made, to the outlet mouth located downstream.
2. - Máquina, según la reivindicación 1 , caracterizada por que el dispositivo de desplazamiento e inmovilización de la misma en el interior de la tubería (14) consiste en un único balón que envuelve el cuerpo de la máquina (1 ) y presenta un diámetro aproximado al interior de la tubería (14), de forma que al perder presión puede deslizar a lo largo de la misma, mientras que al hincharlo a partir de una determinada presión queda bloqueado e inmóvil en el punto en el que se encuentra. 2. - Machine, according to claim 1, characterized in that the device for moving and immobilization thereof inside the pipe (14) consists of a single balloon that wraps the body of the machine (1) and has a diameter approximate to the interior of the pipe (14), so that when pressure is lost it can slide along it, while when it is inflated from a certain pressure, it is blocked and immobile at the point where it is located.
3. - Máquina, según la reivindicación 1 , caracterizada por que el dispositivo de desplazamiento e inmovilización de la misma en el interior de la tubería (14) consiste en varios balones, preferentemente 3 o 4, colocados en paralelo al eje de la máquina y distribuidos radialmente con respecto al cuerpo de la máquina (1 ) y de la tubería (14), que disponen de una alimentación de aire comprimido común entre ellos a través de la que se insufla aire a presión a fin de que al hincharlos inmovilicen la máquina en una posición precisa en el interior de la tubería, mientras que con una presión inferior, desinflados, definan un diámetro ligeramente inferior al diámetro interior de la tubería (14) para permitir desplazarlos de forma homogénea a lo largo de la misma. 3. - Machine, according to claim 1, characterized in that the device for moving and immobilizing it inside the pipe (14) consists of several balls, preferably 3 or 4, placed parallel to the machine axis and distributed radially with respect to the body of the machine (1) and the pipe (14), which have a common compressed air supply between them through which pressurized air is blown so that when inflated they immobilize the machine in a precise position in the interior of the pipe, while with a lower pressure, deflated, define a diameter slightly lower than the inner diameter of the pipe (14) to allow to move them evenly along the same.
4. - Máquina, según cualquiera de las reivindicaciones anteriores, caracterizada por que las lanzas (7, 8) y boquillas (3, 4) respectivamente de aplicación de aire comprimido para limpieza de la zona y de pintura, son elementos independientes, que se desplazan al unísono o de forma independiente ejecutando ciclos de limpieza y pintura programados o comandados por un operario. 4. - Machine according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the lances (7, 8) and nozzles (3, 4) respectively of application of compressed air for cleaning the area and paint, are independent elements, which are move in unison or independently executing cleaning and painting cycles programmed or commanded by an operator.
5. - Máquina, según cualquiera de las reivindicaciones 1 a 3, caracterizada por que las lanzas (7, 8) y boquillas (3, 4), respectivamente de aplicación de aire comprimido para limpieza de la zona y de pintura son el/los mismos elementos, que arrojan aire o pintura por la/s correspondiente/s boquilla/s dependiendo de que el ciclo ejecutado sea de limpieza o pintura. 5. - Machine according to any of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the lances (7, 8) and nozzles (3, 4), respectively of application of compressed air for cleaning the area and paint are the same elements, that throw air or paint by the corresponding nozzle (s) depending on whether the cycle executed is cleaning or painting.
6. - Máquina, según cualquiera de las reivindicaciones anteriores, caracterizada por que el flujo de pintura y el grosor de la capa aplicada en cada ciclo se regula a través de la velocidad de avance de las lanzas (7, 8) durante el ciclo de pintura y, en caso necesario este ciclo se repite sucesivas veces hasta alcanzar el micraje requerido. 6. - Machine, according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the flow of paint and the thickness of the layer applied in each cycle is regulated through the speed of advance of the lances (7, 8) during the cycle of paint and, If necessary, this cycle is repeated several times until the required microning is achieved.
7. - Máquina, según cualquiera de las reivindicaciones anteriores, caracterizada por que los medio de desplazamiento de la máquina a lo largo de la tubería en la que se van a revestir las zonas interiores carentes de recubrimiento, que coinciden con las zonas en las que van a unir, o se han unido, los distintos tramos de tubo que dan lugar a la tubería, prevén la unión de la máquina a la boca de la tubería mediante una manguera (17) a través de la cual se tracciona de la parte posterior del cuerpo de la máquina (1 ), ya sea por medios manuales o automáticos. 7. - Machine, according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the means of moving the machine along the pipeline in which the interior areas lacking coating are to be coated, which coincide with the areas in which they will join, or have joined, the different sections of pipe that give rise to the pipe, provide for the union of the machine to the mouth of the pipe by means of a hose (17) through which is pulled from the back of the body of the machine (1), either by manual or automatic means.
8. - Máquina, según la reivindicación anterior, caracterizada por que la manguera (17) presenta una superficie poco rugosa, no agresiva, que evita daños en la pintura que reviste interiormente la tubería (14), en cuyo interior se agrupan los conductos de alimentación de aire comprimido (19) necesarios para alimentar tanto los balones (2) y de de alimentación neumática del ciclo de pintura, así como los conductores de electricidad (20) y un núcleo (18) de un material sintético no elástico que permite el desplazamiento de la máquina en el interior de la tubería (14). 8. - Machine, according to the preceding claim, characterized in that the hose (17) has a surface not rough, non-aggressive, which prevents damage to the paint that internally covers the pipe (14), inside which are grouped the conduits of compressed air supply (19) necessary to feed both the balloons (2) and pneumatic feed of the paint cycle, as well as the electricity conductors (20) and a core (18) of a non-elastic synthetic material that allows the displacement of the machine inside the pipe (14).
9. - Máquina, según cualquiera de las reivindicaciones anteriores, caracterizada por que en la zona frontal del cuerpo de la máquina (1 ) dispone de una cámara fotográfica o de video (10), adecuada para comprobar la correcta aplicación de la pintura en el interior de la zona de unión entre dos tubos o zona a reparar, o la correcta colocación del equipo antes de iniciar el ciclo de aplicación de pintura. 9. - Machine according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that in the front area of the body of the machine (1) has a photographic or video camera (10), suitable for checking the correct application of the paint in the inside the area of union between two pipes or area to be repaired, or the correct placement of the equipment before starting the paint application cycle.
10. - Máquina, según cualquiera de las reivindicaciones anteriores, caracterizada dispone de al menos un contacto eléctrico (13) que contactan con la superficie interior de la tubería (14), por medio del cual se analiza cuando existe conductividad eléctrica por hallarse situado sobre una superficie metálica de la tubería (14) sin recubrir de pintura epoxi, y una vez que pierde de nuevo la conductividad indica que la máquina se encuentra en la zona inmediatamente después de haber pasado la zona a pintar, lo que se utiliza para programar la detención e inmovilización de la máquina. 10. - Machine, according to any of the preceding claims, characterized having at least one electrical contact (13) that contact the inner surface of the pipe (14), by which is analyzed when there is electrical conductivity to be located on a metal surface of the pipe (14) uncoated with epoxy paint, and once it loses again the conductivity indicates that the machine is in the area immediately after having passed the area to be painted, which is used to program the stop and immobilization of the machine.
1 1 . - Método de aplicación de pintura en el interior de tuberías, concretamente en la zona de unión por soldadura entre dos tubos de acero que carece del revestimiento de pintura, que presenta el resto de la tubería, que se caracteriza por que comprende las siguientes fases: eleven . - Method of application of paint inside pipes, specifically in the area of union by welding between two steel tubes that lacks the paint coating, which presents the rest of the pipe, which is characterized by comprising the following phases:
a) una fase previa de colocación de una máquina de pintado en el interior de la tubería inmediatamente después de la boca aguas arriba, que es aquella por la que se ha de realizar la soldadura para unir el tramo o tubo a instalar a la porción de tubería ya instalada, quedando la máquina unida por medio de una manguera de tracción (17) que discurre por interior de la tubería (14) hasta la boca de salida (aguas abajo), a través de la cual la máquina de pintura recibe la alimentación eléctrica y de aire comprimido para efectuar las operaciones de desplazamiento, inmovilización, limpieza de la superficie y aplicación de pintura; a) a previous phase of placing a painting machine inside the pipe immediately after the mouth upstream, which is the one by which the welding has to be done to join the section or pipe to be installed to the portion of pipe already installed, leaving the machine joined by means of a pulling hose (17) that runs inside the pipe (14) to the outlet (downstream), through which the paint machine receives the power electric and compressed air to perform the operations of displacement, immobilization, cleaning of the surface and application of paint;
b) inmovilizar la máquina de aplicación de pintura en el interior de la tubería, suministrando presión a los medios de inmovilización de la misma, antes de introducir el nuevo tubo o tramo de tubería en el interior de la zanja, enfrentar los tubos a soldar y procede a realizar la soldadura exterior de los mismos; c) ejecutar un primer ciclo de limpieza mediante aire comprimido que sopla las paredes de la tubería limpiando las posibles partículas existentes en la misma, por medio de al menos una boquilla (4) situada en el extremo anterior de una lanza (8) y al menos un ciclo posterior de pintado en el cual se proyecta pintura a presión en esta zona, realizándose ambas operaciones secuencialmente por desplazamiento de las lanzas de limpieza (8) y pintado (7) longitudinalmente a lo largo de la tubería por la zona de la franja a pintar; b) immobilize the paint application machine inside the pipe, supplying pressure to the means for immobilizing it, before introducing the new pipe or section of pipe into the interior of the trench, facing the pipes to be welded and proceeds to perform the external welding of the same; c) executing a first cycle of cleaning by means of compressed air that blows the walls of the pipe cleaning the possible particles existing therein, by means of at least one nozzle (4) located at the front end of a lance (8) and less a subsequent painting cycle in which pressure paint is projected in this area, both operations being carried out sequentially by displacement of the cleaning lances (8) and painted (7) longitudinally along the pipe by the zone of the strip to paint;
d) reducir la presión de los medios de inmovilización de la máquina en el interior de la tubería (14) hasta desbloquear la máquina de las paredes internas de la misma y desplazar la máquina traccionando de la manguera (17) hasta posicionarla después de la siguiente soldadura camino de la boca de salida, donde se localiza la nueva zona de trabajo; para posteriormente efectuar un nuevo ciclo de pintura de la pared interior de esta zona. d) reducing the pressure of the means for immobilizing the machine inside the pipe (14) until the machine is unlocked from the internal walls thereof and moving the machine by pulling the hose (17) until it is positioned after the next one weld path from the outlet, where the new work zone is located; to subsequently carry out a new painting cycle of the interior wall of this area.
12. - Método, según la reivindicación 1 1 , caracterizado por que, finalizado el proceso de pintura se realizará un documento gráfico del estado del revestimiento, a través de la cámara fotográfica o de vídeo (10) que la máquina empleada en este proceso incorpora. 12. - Method according to claim 1, characterized in that, after the painting process is completed, a graphic document of the state of the coating will be made, through the photographic or video camera (10) that the machine used in this process incorporates.
13.- Método, según las reivindicaciones 1 1 y 12, caracterizado por que la detección de la posición en la que la máquina se ha de inmovilizar, para posteriormente iniciar los procesos de limpieza y pintura, se emplea al menos un contacto eléctrico (13) permanentemente situado sobre la superficie interior de la tubería (14) que permite determinar cada vez que la máquina avanza sobre un tramo sin revestir a través de la conductividad eléctrica, desplazándose la máquina hasta que se detecte la pérdida de continuidad eléctrica que indique que la máquina se encuentra en la posición inmediatamente posterior a la franja desnuda de revestimiento, en la que debe ser inmovilizada para comenzar un n u evo ciclo de revestimiento. 13. Method according to claims 1 and 12, characterized in that the detection of the position in which the machine is to be immobilized, to subsequently start the cleaning and painting processes, is used at least one electrical contact (13). ) permanently located on the inner surface of the pipe (14) that allows to determine each time the machine advances on an uncoated section through the electrical conductivity, moving the machine until the loss of electrical continuity is detected that indicates that the The machine is in the position immediately after the bare strip of siding, where it must be immobilized to begin a new coating cycle.
PCT/ES2015/070840 2015-11-23 2015-11-23 Machine and method for the application of paint inside piping WO2017089626A1 (en)

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Cited By (1)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
IT202100009593A1 (en) * 2021-04-16 2022-10-16 Marco Baldini ROBOTIC SYSTEM FOR INSPECTION, SANDBLASTING, CLEANING, PAINTING AND THICKNESS VERIFICATION OF AUTOMATIC WET PAINT TO BE CARRIED OUT INSIDE STEEL PIPES

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GB2064703A (en) * 1979-11-22 1981-06-17 Madden P J Unblocking and repairing conduits
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