WO2017081955A1

WO2017081955A1 - Chemical heat storage apparatus

Info

Publication number: WO2017081955A1
Application number: PCT/JP2016/079296
Authority: WO
Inventors: 康佐竹
Original assignee: 株式会社豊田自動織機
Priority date: 2015-11-10
Filing date: 2016-10-03
Publication date: 2017-05-18
Also published as: JP2017089971A

Abstract

This chemical heat storage apparatus (10) is equipped with a recovery control unit (23), a storage unit (24), and a failure detection unit (25). The recovery control unit (23) controls a recovery pump (16) into operation when the temperature of a reactor (11) is higher than T1 but lower than T2, the recovery pump (16) recovering an NH₃ from the reactor and forcing the NH₃into an adsorber (12). When the temperature of the reactor is T2 or more, the recovery control unit (23) controls a valve (15) to an open position so that the NH₃ can be recovered from the reactor and forced into the adsorber. The storage unit (24) stores the estimate value of the NH₃ recovery rate of the adsorber when the recovery pump (16) is in operation and the valve is in an open position. The failure detection unit (25) calculates the actual measurement value of the NH₃ recovery rate of the adsorber when the recovery pump (16) is in operation and the valve is in an open position. On the basis of the amount of deviation between the actual measurement value of the NH₃ recovery rate of the adsorber and the estimate value of the NH₃ recovery rate of the adsorber as stored in the storage unit, the failure detection unit (25) determines the failure in a reactive medium supply system (26) between the reactor and the adsorber.

Description

Chemical heat storage device

One aspect of the present invention relates to a chemical heat storage device.

As a conventional chemical heat storage device, for example, a device described in Patent Document 1 is known. The chemical heat storage device described in Patent Document 1 includes a reactor including a reaction material that chemically reacts with NH ₃ as a reaction medium to generate heat, and a heat storage that stores heat by adsorbing and storing NH _3. The reactor and the regenerator are connected, the first supply passage for supplying NH ₃ from the regenerator to the reactor, and the reactor and the regenerator are connected in parallel to the first supply passage. A second supply passage for supplying NH ₃ from the reactor to the heat accumulator, an on-off valve provided in the first supply passage, and a forcible suction inside the reactor provided in the second supply passage. And a suction pump that forcibly lowers the pressure in the reactor and forcibly recovers NH ₃ from the reactor to the heat accumulator.

JP 2014-234950 A

In the above prior art, for example, when the suction pump fails, NH ₃ is not recovered by the heat accumulator. Therefore, the next time NH ₃ is supplied from the regenerator to the reactor, the desired amount of NH ₃ is not supplied to the reactor, so that the heat generation effect due to the chemical reaction between NH ₃ and the reactant in the reactor is sufficient. I can't get it. In order to prevent such a problem, it is necessary to detect a failure in the reaction medium supply system including the suction pump and the on-off valve.

An object of one aspect of the present invention is to provide a chemical heat storage device capable of detecting a failure in a reaction medium supply system including a pump and a valve.

A chemical heat storage device according to one aspect of the present invention includes a reactor including a reaction material that generates heat due to a chemical reaction with a reaction medium when the reaction medium is supplied and from which the reaction medium is detached when heat is applied; Are connected to the first reaction medium flow path, the first reaction medium flow path for connecting the reaction medium and the reservoir in a bidirectional manner, and the first reaction medium flow path. A second reaction medium flow path configured to connect the reactor and the reservoir and to circulate the reaction medium from the reactor to the reservoir; and a second reaction medium flow path provided to open and close the first reaction medium flow path And a pump for recovering the reaction medium from the reactor to the reservoir by sucking the inside of the reactor, a temperature detector for detecting the temperature of the reactor, and the temperature of the reactor detected by the temperature detector When the temperature is higher than the first temperature and lower than the second temperature, the pump is operated When the temperature of the reactor detected by the temperature detector is equal to or higher than the second temperature, a recovery controller that controls the opening of the valve so that the reaction medium can be recovered from the reactor to the reservoir; A storage unit for storing an estimated value of the recovery amount of the reaction medium from the reactor to the reservoir when the pump is operating and when the valve is opened, and from the reactor to the reservoir when the pump is operating and when the valve is opened An actual measurement value for the recovery amount of the reaction medium is obtained, and based on the amount of deviation between the actual measurement value for the recovery amount of the reaction medium and the estimated value for the recovery amount of the reaction medium stored in the storage unit, And a failure detection unit for determining a failure in the reaction medium supply system.

In the above chemical heat storage device, when the temperature of the reactor is higher than the first temperature and lower than the second temperature, the reaction medium passes through the second reaction medium flow path by operating the pump. When the reactor is recovered from the reactor and the temperature of the reactor is equal to or higher than the second temperature, the valve is opened so that the reaction medium passes from the reactor through the first reaction medium flow path to the reservoir. To be recovered. At this time, the measured value of the recovery amount of the reaction medium from the reactor to the reservoir when the pump is operated and the valve is opened, and the reaction medium from the reactor to the reservoir when the pump is operated and the valve is opened The failure of the reaction medium supply system between the reactor and the reservoir is determined on the basis of the amount of deviation from the estimated value related to the recovered amount. Thereby, the failure of the reaction medium supply system including the pump and the valve can be detected.

According to one aspect of the present invention, a chemical heat storage device capable of detecting a failure in a reaction medium supply system including a pump and a valve is provided.

Drawing 1 is a schematic structure figure showing an engine oil circulation system provided with a chemical heat storage device concerning one embodiment. FIG. 2 is a graph showing the relationship between the temperature of the reactor and the equilibrium pressure of the reactor. FIG. 3 is a graph showing an example of a fluctuation state of the temperature of the engine oil. FIG. 4 is a flowchart showing details of a collection control processing procedure executed by the collection control unit shown in FIG. FIG. 5A is a graph showing NH ₃ saturated vapor pressure characteristics, and FIG. 5B is a graph showing NH ₃ adsorption characteristics. 6A and 6B are graphs showing patterns of NH ₃ recovery rate estimation values of the adsorber stored in the storage unit shown in FIG. FIG. 7 is a flowchart showing details of a failure detection processing procedure executed by the failure detection unit shown in FIG. FIG. 8 is a flowchart showing details of a failure detection processing procedure executed by the failure detection unit shown in FIG.

In one embodiment, the failure detection unit is configured to estimate the amount of reaction medium recovered from the reactor to the reservoir during operation of the pump and the amount of reaction medium recovered from the reactor to the reservoir during operation of the pump. After determining that the amount of deviation from the value is greater than the threshold value for determining pump failure, the measured value of the recovery amount of the reaction medium from the reactor to the reservoir when the valve is opened and the reactor when the valve is opened When it is determined that the deviation from the estimated value related to the recovery amount of the reaction medium in the reservoir is equal to or less than the valve failure determination threshold, it may be determined that the pump is malfunctioning. In this case, after it is assumed that the pump may have failed, it is determined that it is not a valve failure. Can be detected.

In one embodiment, the failure detection unit includes an actual measurement value related to a recovery amount of the reaction medium from the reactor to the reservoir when the valve is opened and a recovery amount of the reaction medium from the reactor to the reservoir when the valve is opened. After determining that the deviation from the estimated value for the valve is greater than the threshold value for determining valve failure, the measured value for the recovery amount of the reaction medium from the reactor to the reservoir during operation of the pump and from the reactor during operation of the pump When it is determined that the amount of deviation from the estimated value related to the recovery amount of the reaction medium in the reservoir is equal to or less than the pump failure determination threshold value, it may be determined that the valve is malfunctioning. In this case, since it is determined that the valve is not faulty after it is determined that the valve may have failed, it is determined that the valve is faulty. Can be detected.

In one embodiment, the failure detection unit includes an actual measurement value related to a recovery amount of the reaction medium from the reactor to the reservoir when the valve is opened and a recovery amount of the reaction medium from the reactor to the reservoir when the valve is opened. After determining that the amount of deviation from the estimated value is greater than the valve failure determination threshold, the pump may be controlled to operate. In this case, it is possible to forcibly operate the pump without waiting for the temperature of the reactor to be higher than the first temperature and lower than the second temperature. Whether the deviation between the measured value of the recovery amount of the reaction medium from the reactor to the reservoir and the estimated value of the recovery amount of the reaction medium from the reactor to the reservoir when the pump is operating is equal to or less than the threshold for determining the pump failure To be judged. Therefore, it is possible to quickly detect that the pump is not malfunctioning and to quickly detect the malfunction of the valve.

Hereinafter, an embodiment will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 1 is a schematic configuration diagram showing an engine oil circulation system including a chemical heat storage device according to an embodiment. In FIG. 1, an engine oil circulation system 1 is mounted on a vehicle and circulates engine oil for lubricating each part in the engine 2.

The engine oil circulation system 1 includes an oil pan 3, an oil pump 4, an oil cooler 5, and a heat exchanger 6. The oil pan 3 stores engine oil. The engine oil that has flowed through each part in the engine 2 returns to the oil pan 3. The oil pump 4 sucks up and pumps the engine oil stored in the oil pan 3.

The oil cooler 5 cools the engine oil to a predetermined temperature with cooling water when the temperature of the engine oil sucked up by the oil pump 4 becomes too high. The reason for cooling the engine oil is to prevent deterioration due to excessive temperature rise of the engine oil. The heat exchanger 6 is disposed between the oil cooler 5 and the engine 2. The heat exchanger 6 allows the engine oil to pass therethrough and performs heat exchange between the engine oil and a reactor 11 described later.

Further, the engine oil circulation system 1 includes a chemical heat storage device 10 that enables an early temperature increase of the engine oil. The chemical heat storage device 10 heats (warms up) the engine oil via the heat exchanger 6 without requiring external energy such as electric power. Specifically, the chemical heat storage device 10 desorbs the reaction medium from the reaction material 17 (described in detail later) of the reactor 11 by the heat of the engine oil, stores the desorbed reaction medium, The stored reaction medium is supplied to the reactor 11 to cause the reaction material 17 and the reaction medium to chemically react, and the engine oil is heated by the reaction heat at that time. That is, the chemical heat storage device 10 is a device that stores heat from the engine oil and supplies heat to the engine oil using a reversible chemical reaction. In this embodiment, the reaction medium is ammonia (NH ₃ ).

The chemical heat storage device 10 is arranged in parallel with the reactor 11, the adsorber 12, the reaction medium flow path 13 that connects the reactor 11 and the adsorber 12, and the reaction medium flow path 13. A reaction medium flow path 14 for connecting the reactor 11 and the adsorber 12, a valve 15 disposed in the reaction medium flow path 13, and a recovery pump 16 disposed in the reaction medium flow path 14 are provided. The reaction

medium flow paths

13 and 14, the valve 15 and the recovery pump 16 constitute a reaction medium supply system 26 disposed between the reactor 11 and the adsorber 12.

The reactor 11 is arranged around the heat exchanger 6 so as to exchange heat with engine oil. The reactor 11 includes a reaction material 17 that generates heat due to a chemical reaction with NH ₃ when NH ₃ is supplied and desorbs NH ₃ when heat of engine oil is applied. As the reaction material 17, a halide represented by the composition formula MXa is used. M is an alkaline earth metal such as Mg, Ca or Sr, or a transition metal such as Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu or Zn. X is Cl, Br, I or the like. a is a number specified by the valence of M, and is 2 to 3.

The adsorber 12 is a reservoir that stores NH ₃ . The adsorber 12 includes an adsorbent 18 capable of physical adsorption and desorption of NH ₃ . As the adsorbent 18, activated carbon, carbon black, mesoporous carbon, nanocarbon, zeolite, or the like is used. NH ₃ may be chemically adsorbed on the adsorbent 18.

One end of each of the

reaction medium channels

13 and 14 is connected to the reactor 11, and the other end of each of the

reaction medium channels

13 and 14 is connected to the adsorber 12. The reaction medium channel 13 is a first reaction medium channel that allows NH ₃ to flow in both directions between the reactor 11 and the adsorber 12. The reaction medium flow path 14 is a second reaction medium flow path for allowing NH ₃ to flow from the reactor 11 to the adsorber 12. The valve 15 is an electromagnetic valve that opens and closes the reaction medium flow path 13. The recovery pump 16 recovers NH ₃ from the reactor 11 to the adsorber 12 by sucking the inside of the reactor 11.

In the initial state of the adsorber 12, the adsorbent 18 of the adsorber 12 has a reaction system comprising the reactor 11, the adsorber 12, and the

reaction medium channels

13 and 14 when the valve 15 is opened. The pressure maintaining NH ₃ for maintaining a predetermined pressure and the moving NH ₃ used for the chemical reaction with the reactant 17 in order to obtain a desired exothermic temperature in the reactor 11 are adsorbed. The amounts of the pressure holding NH ₃ and the transfer NH ₃ are appropriately determined according to the material of the reaction material 17 and the like.

In such a chemical heat storage device 10, when the temperature of the engine oil immediately after the start of the engine 2 is low, when the valve 15 is opened, the pressure difference between the adsorber 12 and the reactor 11 causes the adsorber 12 to is moving NH ₃ from the adsorbent 18 desorbed, the movement NH ₃ is supplied to the reactor 11 through the reaction medium flow path 13. Then, the reaction material 17 of the reactor 11 (e.g. MgBr ₂₎ and moving NH ₃ is the chemical reaction (chemical adsorption) and heat is generated. That is, a reaction from the left side to the right side (exothermic reaction) in the following reaction formula (A) occurs. Then, the heat generated in the reactor 11 is transmitted to the engine oil through the heat exchanger 6, and the engine oil is heated (warmed up). The warmed engine oil is sent to each part in the engine 2.
MgBr ₂ + xNH ₃ ＭｇMg (NH ₃ ) xBr ₂ + heat (A)

Thereafter, when the temperature of the engine oil increases, the heat of the engine oil is applied to the reaction material 17 of the reactor 11 through the heat exchanger 6, so that the moving NH ₃ is desorbed from the reaction material 17. That is, a reaction (regeneration reaction) from the right side to the left side in the above reaction formula (A) occurs. At this time, when the valve 15 is opened, the NH ₃ for movement returns to the adsorber 12 through the reaction medium flow path 13 due to the pressure difference between the reactor 11 and the adsorber 12, or the recovery pump 16 By being operated, the NH ₃ for movement returns to the adsorber 12 through the reaction medium flow path 14. The moving NH ₃ returned to the adsorber 12 is physically adsorbed by the adsorbent 18 of the adsorber 12. Thereby, NH ₃ for movement will be collected by the adsorber 12.

The chemical heat storage device 10 includes a temperature sensor 19, a temperature sensor 20, a pressure sensor 21, and a controller 22. The temperature sensor 19 is a temperature detection unit that detects the temperature of the reactor 11. The temperature sensor 19 detects the temperature of the reaction material 17 as the temperature of the reactor 11. As the temperature detector, instead of directly detecting the temperature of the reactor 11 by the temperature sensor 19, for example, the temperature of the engine oil flowing downstream from the reactor 11 is detected by the temperature sensor, and the temperature of the engine oil is detected. The temperature of the reactor 11 may be estimated. The temperature sensor 20 detects the temperature of the adsorber 12. The pressure sensor 21 detects the pressure in the adsorber 12.

The controller 22 includes a CPU, a RAM, a ROM, an input / output interface, and the like. The controller 22 includes a collection control unit 23, a storage unit 24, and a failure detection unit 25.

The recovery control unit 23 controls the valve 15 and the recovery pump 16 so as to recover the moving NH ₃ from the reactor 11 to the adsorber 12 based on the detection values of the

temperature sensors

19 and 20 and the pressure sensor 21. . The storage unit 24 uses an estimated value of the recovery rate of NH ₃ for transfer to the adsorber 12 (described in detail later) as an estimated value related to the recovery amount of NH ₃ for transfer from the reactor 11 to the adsorber 12. Remember. The failure detection unit 25 determines whether the reaction between the reactor 11 and the adsorber 12 is based on the detected values of the

temperature sensors

19, 20 and the pressure sensor 21 and the estimated value of the recovery rate of NH ₃ for movement stored in the storage unit 24. In the meantime, the failure of the reaction medium supply system 26 is detected.

FIG. 2 is a graph showing the relationship between the temperature of the reactor 11 and the equilibrium pressure of the reactor 11. The equilibrium pressure of the reactor 11 is a pressure at which the reactant 17 and NH ₃ are in an equilibrium state in the reactor 11, and more specifically, a closed state where NH ₃ does not move from the reactor 11 to the adsorber 12. This is the pressure of NH ₃ that can be desorbed from the reactant 17 in the system.

In FIG. 2, the solid line X represents the equilibrium pressure of the reactor 11. The higher the temperature of the reactor 11, the higher the equilibrium pressure of the reactor 11. A one-dot chain line Y is the reference pressure Ps of the adsorber 12 determined by the amount of the pressure holding NH ₃ accommodated in the adsorber 12. T2 in the figure is a temperature (second temperature) at which the equilibrium pressure of the reactor 11 becomes equal to the reference pressure Ps of the adsorber 12, and is about 80 ° C., for example (see FIG. 3). T1 in the figure is a temperature (first temperature) lower than T2, for example, about 50 ° C. (see FIG. 3). T2 may be a temperature at which the equilibrium pressure of the reactor 11 is equal to or higher than the reference pressure Ps of the adsorber 12.

When the temperature of the reactor 11 is equal to or lower than T1, even if the recovery pump 16 is used, the NH ₃ for movement is not sufficiently regenerated. When the temperature of the reactor 11 is higher than T1 and lower than T2, by using the recovery pump 16, the moving NH ₃ can be sufficiently regenerated in a certain time. When the temperature of the reactor 11 is higher than T2, the moving NH ₃ can be sufficiently regenerated in a certain amount of time without using the recovery pump 16.

FIG. 3 is a graph showing an example of a fluctuation state of the temperature of the engine oil. In the example shown in FIG. 3, the temperature of the engine oil increases with time, and the engine 2 is stopped after a predetermined time (2000 seconds) has elapsed. When a normal regeneration operation without using the recovery pump 16 is performed in a region where the temperature of the reactor 11 is higher than T2, the regeneration time is as short as ta, and the moving NH ₃ cannot be sufficiently regenerated. In this case, the heat generation effect of the reactor 11 cannot be sufficiently obtained during the next exothermic reaction. By performing the regeneration operation using the recovery pump 16 in the region where the temperature of the reactor 11 is higher than T1 and lower than T2, the regeneration time becomes as long as tb and the mobile NH ₃ can be sufficiently regenerated. It becomes possible.

The recovery controller 23 controls the recovery pump 16 to operate when the temperature of the reactor 11 detected by the temperature sensor 19 is higher than T1 and lower than T2, and the reaction detected by the temperature sensor 19 is detected. When the temperature of the vessel 11 is equal to or higher than T2, the valve 15 is controlled to open so that the transfer NH ₃ can be recovered from the reactor 11 to the adsorber 12.

FIG. 4 is a flowchart showing details of the collection control processing procedure executed by the collection control unit 23. In the initial state, the valve 15 is closed and the recovery pump 16 is stopped.

In FIG. 4, the recovery control unit 23 first determines whether the temperature of the reactor 11 is higher than T1 based on the detection value of the temperature sensor 19 (step S101). When the recovery control unit 23 determines that the temperature of the reactor 11 is higher than T1, it determines whether or not the temperature of the reactor 11 is lower than T2 based on the detection value of the temperature sensor 19 (step S102). ).

When the recovery control unit 23 determines that the temperature of the reactor 11 is lower than T2 (step S102: YES), the recovery control unit 23 controls to close the valve 15 and operate the recovery pump 16 (step S103). . At this time, when the valve 15 is in the closed state, control is performed so that the valve 15 is maintained in the closed state. When the recovery pump 16 is in the operating state, control is performed so that the recovery pump 16 is maintained in the operating state. Thereby, NH ₃ for movement is forcibly recovered from the reactor 11 to the adsorber 12 through the reaction medium flow path 14.

On the other hand, when the recovery control unit 23 determines that the temperature of the reactor 11 is equal to or higher than T2 (step S102: NO), the recovery control unit 23 controls to open the valve 15 and stop the recovery pump 16 (step S102). S104). At this time, when the valve 15 is in the open state, control is performed so that the valve 15 is maintained in the open state. When the recovery pump 16 is in a stopped state, control is performed so that the recovery pump 16 is maintained in the stopped state. Thereby, NH ₃ for movement is recovered from the reactor 11 to the adsorber 12 through the reaction medium flow path 13.

After executing Step S103 or Step S104, the recovery control unit 23 obtains the NH ₃ recovery rate of the adsorber 12 based on the detection values of the temperature sensor 20 and the pressure sensor 21 (Step S105). NH ₃ recovery of adsorber 12 is a recovery of movement NH ₃ for adsorber 12, the ratio between the recoverable amount of the transfer NH ₃ to the total amount and the adsorber 12 of the transfer NH ₃ and more specifically It is.

At this time, the collection controller 23 is adsorbed by the adsorbent 18 of the adsorber 12 based on the temperature of the adsorber 12 detected by the temperature sensor 20 and the pressure in the adsorber 12 detected by the pressure sensor 21. The amount of NH ₃ (NH ₃ adsorption amount of the adsorber 12) is estimated.

The estimation of the NH ₃ adsorption amount is performed using the NH ₃ saturated vapor pressure characteristics and the NH ₃ adsorption characteristics shown in FIG. The NH ₃ saturated vapor pressure characteristic shown in FIG. 5A is a graph showing the relationship between the temperature of the adsorber 12 and the NH ₃ saturated vapor pressure, and the NH ₃ saturated vapor pressure increases as the temperature of the adsorber 12 increases. It has the characteristic that becomes high. The NH ₃ adsorption characteristic shown in FIG. 5 (b) is a graph showing the relationship between the relative pressure and the NH ₃ adsorption amount of the adsorber 12, and the NH ₃ adsorption amount of the adsorber 12 increases as the relative pressure increases. It has the characteristic which becomes. The relative pressure is a ratio (P / Psat) between the NH ₃ saturated vapor pressure Psat and the pressure P in the adsorber 12.

Recovery control unit 23 first with NH ₃ saturated vapor pressure characteristics, determine the NH ₃ saturated vapor pressure Psat corresponding to the temperature T of the adsorber 12 detected by the temperature sensor 20. Then, the recovery control unit 23 calculates a relative pressure that is a ratio between the NH ₃ saturated vapor pressure Psat and the pressure P in the adsorber 12 detected by the pressure sensor 21. Then, the recovery control section 23, using the NH ₃ adsorption properties, determine the adsorbed NH ₃ amount Snh3 corresponding to the relative pressure. Thereby, the NH ₃ adsorption amount of the adsorber 12 is estimated.

Then, the recovery control unit 23 obtains the NH ₃ recovery rate of the adsorber 12 from the NH ₃ adsorption amount of the adsorber 12. For example, when the NH ₃ adsorption amount of the adsorber 12 is an amount corresponding to NH ₃ for maintaining the pressure, the NH ₃ recovery rate of the adsorber 12 is 0%, and the NH ₃ adsorption amount of the adsorber 12 is the pressure holding. when the amount corresponding to use NH ₃ which is the sum of the amount corresponding to the total amount of the transfer NH ₃ is, NH ₃ recovery of the adsorber 12 is 100%.

Subsequently, the recovery control unit 23 determines whether the NH ₃ recovery rate of the adsorber 12 is equal to or higher than a target value (for example, 80%) (step S106). When the recovery control unit 23 determines that the NH ₃ recovery rate of the adsorber 12 is not equal to or higher than the target value, the recovery control unit 23 executes the above step S101 again.

On the other hand, when the recovery control unit 23 determines that the NH ₃ recovery rate of the adsorber 12 is equal to or higher than the target value, the recovery control unit 23 controls to close the valve 15 and stop the recovery pump 16 (step S107). This process is terminated. At this time, when the recovery pump 16 is in a stopped state, control is performed so that the recovery pump 16 is maintained in the stopped state.

The storage unit 24 stores the NH ₃ recovery rate estimated value pattern of the adsorber 12 as shown in FIGS. 6 (a) and 6 (b). The NH ₃ recovery rate estimated value of the adsorber 12 is an estimated value of the transfer NH ₃ recovery rate with respect to the adsorber 12. The NH ₃ recovery rate estimated value pattern is an estimated value pattern representing the time elapsed until the NH ₃ recovery rate reaches the target value, and varies depending on the temperature of the reactor 11. The NH ₃ recovery rate estimated value pattern is obtained and set in advance by experiments or the like.

FIG. 6A shows an NH ₃ recovery rate estimated value pattern of the adsorber 12 during operation of the recovery pump 16, that is, the NH of the adsorber 12 when the temperature of the reactor 11 is higher than T1 and lower than T2. ₃ is a pattern of estimated recovery rate. In this pattern, the time until the NH ₃ recovery rate reaches the target value M becomes shorter as the temperature of the reactor 11 increases from T1 to T2.

6 (b) is a pattern of NH ₃ recovery rate estimated value of the adsorber 12 during the opening of the valve 15, i.e. NH ₃ recovery rate estimated value of the adsorber 12 when the temperature of the reactor 11 is equal to or higher than T2 Pattern. In this pattern, the time until the NH ₃ recovery rate reaches the target value M becomes shorter as the temperature of the reactor 11 increases from T2.

The failure detection unit 25 uses an actual measurement value of the recovery rate of NH ₃ for transfer to the adsorber 12 (an NH ₃ recovery rate of the adsorber 12 as an actual value related to the recovery amount of the transfer NH ₃ from the reactor 11 to the adsorber 12. seek) of measured values, on the basis of the shift amount between NH ₃ recovery estimate adsorber 12 stored in the storage unit 24 and the NH ₃ recovery measured values of adsorber 12, the reactor 11 and adsorber 12 The failure of the reaction medium supply system 26 is determined.

7 and 8 are flowcharts showing details of the failure detection processing procedure executed by the failure detection unit 25. In the initial state, the pump failure flag and the valve failure flag are OFF.

7 and 8, the failure detection unit 25 first determines whether the temperature of the reactor 11 is higher than T1 and lower than T2 based on the detection value of the temperature sensor 19 (step S111). When the temperature of the reactor 11 is higher than T1 and lower than T2, the recovery pump 16 is operated as described above.

When the failure detection unit 25 determines that the temperature of the reactor 11 is higher than T1 and lower than T2, the adsorber during operation of the recovery pump 16 based on the detection values of the temperature sensor 20 and the pressure sensor 21. 12 actual measurement values of NH ₃ recovery are obtained (step S112). Specifically, the failure detection unit 25 detects the temperature of the adsorber 12 detected by the temperature sensor 20 and the pressure in the adsorber 12 detected by the pressure sensor 21 as in step S105 of the flowchart shown in FIG. Based on the above, the NH ₃ adsorption amount of the adsorber 12 is estimated, and the NH ₃ recovery rate actual measurement value of the adsorber 12 when the recovery pump 16 is operated is obtained from the NH ₃ adsorption amount of the adsorber 12.

Then, the failure detection unit 25, NH ₃ recovery estimator adsorber 12 during operation of the NH ₃ recovery measured value storage unit recovery pump 16 which is stored in 24 of the adsorber 12 during the operation of recovery pump 16 A deviation amount from the value is calculated, and it is determined whether or not the deviation amount is equal to or less than a pump failure determination threshold value (step S113). The threshold value for determining a pump failure is determined in advance through experiments or the like. This step is performed a plurality of times during a period in which the temperature of the reactor 11 is higher than T1 and lower than T2. In this case, the failure detection unit 25, for example, a plurality of calculating the shift amount of the NH ₃ recovery measured value and the NH ₃ recovery rate estimated value at time, average or maximum pump failure determination threshold of the shift amount Determine whether:

The failure detection unit 25 determines that the amount of deviation between the measured NH ₃ recovery rate of the adsorber 12 when the recovery pump 16 is operating and the estimated NH ₃ recovery rate of the adsorber 12 when the recovery pump 16 is operating is for determining pump failure. If it is determined that the value is larger than the threshold value, it is estimated that there is a possibility that the recovery pump 16 has failed, and the pump failure flag is set to ON (step S114).

The failure detection unit 25 determines that the amount of deviation between the measured NH ₃ recovery rate of the adsorber 12 when the recovery pump 16 is operating and the estimated NH ₃ recovery rate of the adsorber 12 when the recovery pump 16 is operating is for determining pump failure. When it is determined that the temperature is equal to or lower than the threshold value or after step S114 is executed, it is determined whether the temperature of the reactor 11 is equal to or higher than T2 based on the detected value of the temperature sensor 19 (step S115). When the temperature of the reactor 11 is T2 or higher, the valve 15 is opened and the recovery pump 16 is stopped as described above.

When the failure detection unit 25 determines that the temperature of the reactor 11 is equal to or higher than T2, the NH ₃ recovery of the adsorber 12 when the valve 15 is opened based on the detection values of the temperature sensor 20 and the pressure sensor 21. A rate actual measurement value is obtained (step S116). The method for obtaining the actual measured NH ₃ recovery rate of the adsorber 12 when the valve 15 is opened is the same as in step S112 described above.

Then, the failure detection unit 25, NH ₃ recovery estimator adsorber 12 during opening of the NH ₃ recovery measured value storage unit 24 valve 15 which is stored in the adsorber 12 during opening of the valve 15 A deviation amount from the value is calculated, and it is determined whether or not the deviation amount is equal to or less than a valve failure determination threshold value (step S117). The valve failure determination threshold value is determined in advance by experiments or the like. The valve failure determination threshold value may be the same as or different from the pump failure determination threshold value. This step is executed a plurality of times during a period in which the temperature of the reactor 11 is higher than T2. In this case, the failure detection unit 25, for example, a plurality of calculating the shift amount of the NH ₃ recovery measured value and the NH ₃ recovery rate estimated value at time, average or maximum valve failure determination threshold of the shift amount Determine whether:

The failure detection unit 25 determines the amount of deviation between the measured NH ₃ recovery rate of the adsorber 12 when the valve 15 is opened and the estimated NH ₃ recovery rate of the adsorber 12 when the valve 15 is opened. If it is determined that the value is equal to or less than the threshold value, it is determined whether the pump failure flag is ON (step S118). When the failure detection unit 25 determines that the pump failure flag is not ON, since the pump failure flag and the valve failure flag are both OFF, the reactor 11, the adsorber 12, and the reaction medium supply system 26 are normal. Is determined (step S119), and the process is terminated.

On the other hand, when the failure detecting unit 25 determines that the pump failure flag is ON, the pump failure flag is ON and the valve failure flag is OFF. It determines with there existing (step S120), and complete | finishes this process.

In step S117, the failure detection unit 25 determines whether the amount of deviation between the measured NH ₃ recovery rate of the adsorber 12 when the valve 15 is opened and the estimated NH ₃ recovery rate of the adsorber 12 when the valve 15 is opened. If it is determined that the value is larger than the failure determination threshold value, it is estimated that the valve 15 may be broken, and the valve failure flag is set to ON (step S121).

Subsequently, the failure detection unit 25 determines whether or not the pump failure flag is ON (step S122). When the failure detection unit 25 determines that the pump failure flag is ON, since both the pump failure flag and the valve failure flag are ON, failure of the chemical heat storage device 10, specifically, the reactor 11 Then, it is determined that there is a failure in any of the adsorber 12, the pump line including the recovery pump 16 and the valve line including the valve 15 (step S123), and the process is terminated.

On the other hand, when the failure detection unit 25 determines that the pump failure flag is not ON, the failure detection unit 25 controls the recovery pump 16 to operate (step S124). Thereby, the collection pump 16 is operated.

Subsequently, the failure detection unit 25 obtains the measured NH ₃ recovery rate of the adsorber 12 during the operation of the recovery pump 16 based on the detection values of the temperature sensor 20 and the pressure sensor 21 as in step S112 described above. (Step S125). The failure detection unit 25 then measures the actual NH ₃ recovery rate of the adsorber 12 when the recovery pump 16 is in operation and the estimated NH ₃ recovery rate of the adsorber 12 when the recovery pump 16 is stored and stored in the storage unit 24. Is calculated, and it is determined whether the amount of deviation is equal to or less than a pump failure determination threshold value (step S126). The determination method at this time is the same as that in step S113.

The failure detection unit 25 determines that the amount of deviation between the measured NH ₃ recovery rate of the adsorber 12 when the recovery pump 16 is operating and the estimated NH ₃ recovery rate of the adsorber 12 when the recovery pump 16 is operating is for determining pump failure. When it is determined that the value is equal to or less than the threshold value, since the amount of deviation between the two is small and the valve failure flag is ON, it is determined that the valve line including the valve 15 is in failure (step S127).

On the other hand, the failure detection unit 25 determines that the deviation between the measured NH ₃ recovery rate of the adsorber 12 when the recovery pump 16 is operating and the estimated NH ₃ recovery rate of the adsorber 12 when the recovery pump 16 is operating is a pump failure. When it is determined that the value is larger than the threshold for determination, since the deviation amount between the two is large and the valve failure flag is ON, failure of the chemical heat storage device 10, specifically, the reactor 11, the adsorber 12, and the recovery pump It is determined that there is a failure in either the pump line including 16 or the valve line including valve 15 (step S128).

After executing step S127 or step S128, the failure detection unit 25 controls to stop the recovery pump 16 (step S129), and ends this process. The failure determination result is displayed, for example, on a display unit (not shown).

As described above, in the present embodiment, when the temperature of the reactor 11 is higher than T1 and lower than T2, the recovery pump 16 is operated so that the NH ₃ for movement is transferred to the reaction medium flow path 14. When the reactor 11 is recovered from the reactor 11 to the adsorber 12, and the temperature of the reactor 11 is equal to or higher than T2, the valve 15 is opened so that the moving NH ₃ passes through the reaction medium flow path 13. Recovered from the reactor 11 to the adsorber 12. At this time, operating time, and NH ₃ recovery of adsorber 12 during opening of the operating time and the valve 15 of the NH ₃ recovery observed value and a recovery pump 16 of the adsorber 12 during the opening of the valve 15 of the recovery pump 16 Based on the amount of deviation from the estimated value, a failure of the reaction medium supply system 26 between the reactor 11 and the adsorber 12 is determined. Thereby, the failure of the reaction medium supply system 26 including the recovery pump 16 and the valve 15 can be detected.

Further, the deviation amount between the measured NH ₃ recovery rate of the adsorber 12 during operation of the recovery pump 16 and the estimated NH ₃ recovery rate of the adsorber 12 during operation of the recovery pump 16 is greater than the pump failure determination threshold. After the determination, the amount of deviation between the measured NH ₃ recovery rate of the adsorber 12 when the valve 15 is opened and the estimated NH ₃ recovery rate of the adsorber 12 when the valve 15 is opened is used for valve failure determination. When it is determined that the value is equal to or less than the threshold value, it is determined that the recovery pump 16 is out of order. Since it is determined that there is no failure in the valve 15 after it is estimated that there is a possibility that the recovery pump 16 has failed in this way, it is determined that the recovery pump 16 is in failure. Sixteen failures can be reliably detected.

Further, the deviation amount between the measured NH ₃ recovery rate of the adsorber 12 when the valve 15 is opened and the estimated NH ₃ recovery rate of the adsorber 12 when the valve 15 is opened is larger than the valve failure determination threshold value. After that, the amount of deviation between the measured NH ₃ recovery rate of the adsorber 12 when the recovery pump 16 is operating and the estimated NH ₃ recovery rate of the adsorber 12 when the recovery pump 16 is operating is used for determining a pump failure. When it is determined that the value is equal to or less than the threshold value, it is determined that the valve 15 is malfunctioning. Since it is determined that there is no failure in the recovery pump 16 after it is assumed that the valve 15 may have failed in this way, it is determined that the valve 15 is in failure. A failure can be detected reliably.

At this time, the amount of deviation between the measured NH ₃ recovery rate of the adsorber 12 when the valve 15 is opened and the estimated NH ₃ recovery rate of the adsorber 12 when the valve 15 is opened is smaller than the valve failure determination threshold. When the recovery pump 16 is forcibly operated after being determined to be large, the recovery pump 16 can be operated without waiting for the temperature of the reactor 11 to be higher than T1 and lower than T2. It is determined whether the amount of deviation between the actual measured NH ₃ recovery rate of the adsorber 12 and the estimated NH ₃ recovery rate of the adsorber 12 during operation of the recovery pump 16 is equal to or less than the pump failure determination threshold value. Therefore, it is possible to quickly identify that the recovery pump 16 is not malfunctioning and to quickly detect the malfunction of the valve 15.

Note that one aspect of the present invention is not limited to the above embodiment. For example, in the above embodiment, the deviation amount between the measured NH ₃ recovery rate of the adsorber 12 when the valve 15 is opened and the estimated NH ₃ recovery rate of the adsorber 12 when the valve 15 is opened is used for determining a valve failure. After it is determined that the value is larger than the threshold value, the recovery pump 16 is forcibly operated. However, the present invention is not limited to this configuration, and the temperature of the reactor 11 is naturally higher than T1 and lower than T2. After that, the amount of deviation between the measured NH ₃ recovery rate of the adsorber 12 when the recovery pump 16 is operating and the estimated NH ₃ recovery rate of the adsorber 12 when the recovery pump 16 is operating is the threshold for pump failure determination. It may be determined whether or not: In this case, the processing procedure by the failure detection unit 25 can be simplified.

Further, in the above embodiment, the estimated value of the NH ₃ recovery rate of the adsorber 12 is used as the estimated value related to the recovery amount of NH ₃ for transfer from the reactor 11 to the adsorber 12, but it is not particularly limited thereto. Alternatively, an estimated value of the amount of NH ₃ recovered for the adsorber 12 may be used. In this case, as the actual measurement value relating to the recovery amount of the transfer NH ₃ into adsorber 12 from the reactor 11, the measured value of the recovered amount of the transfer NH ₃ is used for adsorber 12.

In the above embodiment, the recovery control process is terminated when the NH ₃ recovery rate of the adsorber 12 is equal to or higher than the target value. However, the present invention is not limited to this mode. For example, the recovery control is performed when the engine 2 is driven. The process may be continued and the collection control process may be terminated when the engine 2 is stopped. In this case, even if the NH ₃ recovery rate of the adsorber 12 exceeds the target value, until the engine 2 stops, the valve 15 is closed and the recovery pump 16 is operated, or the valve 15 is opened and recovered. Since the control for stopping the pump 16 is continued, the reactor 11 can be prevented from being in an overpressure state.

Furthermore, in the above-described embodiment, one end of the

reaction medium channels

13 and 14 is connected to the reactor 11 and the other end of the

reaction medium channels

13 and 14 is connected to the adsorber 12, respectively. If it connects so that the path |

routes

13 and 14 may become parallel, it will not restrict to the form in particular. For example, one end of the reaction medium flow path 13 is connected to the reactor 11, the other end of the reaction medium flow path 13 is connected to the adsorber 12, and both ends of the reaction medium flow path 14 are connected to the reaction medium flow path 13. One end of the reaction medium flow path 14 may be connected to the reactor 11, the other end of the reaction medium flow path 14 is connected to the adsorber 12, and both ends of the reaction medium flow path 13 may be connected. May be connected to the reaction medium flow path 14.

In the above embodiment, the reaction medium NH ₃ and the reaction material 17 represented by the composition formula MXa are chemically reacted to generate heat. However, the reaction medium is not particularly limited to NH _3. CO ₂ or H ₂ O may be used. When CO ₂ is used as the reaction medium, the reaction material 17 chemically reacted with CO ₂ includes MgO, CaO, BaO, Ca (OH) ₂ , Mg (OH) ₂ , Fe (OH) ₂ , Fe (OH) ₃ , FeO, Fe ₂ O _3, Fe ₃ O ₄ or the like is used. When H ₂ O is used as the reaction medium, CaO, MnO, CuO, Al ₂ O ₃ or the like is used as the reaction material 17 to be chemically reacted with H ₂ O.

Furthermore, in the above embodiment, the reactor 11 is disposed around the heat exchanger 6, but is not particularly limited to that form, for example, a heat exchanger that passes engine oil and a reactor are alternately stacked. The structure may be Further, without using the heat exchanger 6, the reactor 11 may be arranged around the oil flow path through which the engine oil flows so as to be able to exchange heat with the engine oil.

Moreover, in the said embodiment, although the reactor 11 is arrange | positioned between the oil cooler 5 and the engine 2, it is not restricted to the form in particular, For example, the reactor 11 between the oil pan 3 and the oil pump 4 is used. Alternatively, the reactor 11 may be disposed between the oil pump 4 and the oil cooler 5.

Furthermore, in the above embodiment, the engine oil is heated by the chemical heat storage device 10, but the heating target is not particularly limited to engine oil, and may be, for example, exhaust gas, cooling water, cooling air, or the like.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 ... Chemical heat storage apparatus, 11 ... Reactor, 12 ... Adsorber (reservoir), 13 ... Reaction medium flow path (1st reaction medium flow path), 14 ... Reaction medium flow path (2nd reaction medium flow path), DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 15 ... Valve, 16 ... Recovery pump (pump), 17 ... Reaction material, 19 ... Temperature sensor (temperature detection part), 23 ... Recovery control part, 24 ... Memory | storage part, 25 ... Failure detection part, 26 ... Reaction medium supply system .

Claims

A reactor containing a reaction material that generates heat when a reaction medium is supplied and from which the reaction medium desorbs when heated by a chemical reaction with the reaction medium;
A reservoir for storing the reaction medium;
A first reaction medium flow path for connecting the reactor and the reservoir and allowing the reaction medium to flow in both directions between the reactor and the reservoir;
A valve disposed in the first reaction medium flow path to open and close the first reaction medium flow path;
A second reaction medium flow path for connecting the reactor and the reservoir and flowing the reaction medium from the reactor to the reservoir;
A pump that is disposed in the second reaction medium flow path and sucks the inside of the reactor to recover the reaction medium from the reactor to the reservoir;
A temperature detector for detecting the temperature of the reactor;
When the temperature of the reactor detected by the temperature detector is higher than the first temperature and lower than the second temperature, the pump is operated to control the reaction detected by the temperature detector. A recovery controller that controls the opening of the valve so that the reaction medium can be recovered from the reactor to the reservoir when the temperature of the reactor is equal to or higher than the second temperature;
A storage unit that stores an estimated value related to the recovery amount of the reaction medium from the reactor to the reservoir when the pump is operated and the valve is opened;
An actual measurement value relating to the recovery amount of the reaction medium from the reactor to the reservoir during operation of the pump and opening of the valve is obtained, and an actual measurement value relating to the recovery amount of the reaction medium and stored in the storage unit. A chemical heat storage device comprising: a failure detection unit that determines a failure of the reaction medium supply system between the reactor and the storage based on an amount of deviation from the estimated value related to the recovery amount of the reaction medium.
The failure detection unit includes an actual measurement value relating to a recovery amount of the reaction medium from the reactor to the reservoir during operation of the pump, and an amount of the reaction medium from the reactor to the reservoir during operation of the pump. After determining that the amount of deviation from the estimated value related to the recovery amount is larger than the threshold value for determining pump failure, the actual measurement value related to the recovery amount of the reaction medium from the reactor to the reservoir when the valve is opened and the When it is determined that the amount of deviation from the estimated value related to the recovery amount of the reaction medium from the reactor to the reservoir when the valve is opened is equal to or less than a threshold for valve failure determination, the pump is in failure. The chemical heat storage device according to claim 1 to be determined.
The failure detection unit includes an actual measurement value related to a recovery amount of the reaction medium from the reactor to the reservoir when the valve is opened, and the reaction from the reactor to the reservoir when the valve is opened. After determining that the amount of deviation from the estimated value related to the recovery amount of the medium is larger than the valve failure determination threshold value, the actual measurement value related to the recovery amount of the reaction medium from the reactor to the reservoir during operation of the pump; When it is determined that the amount of deviation from the estimated value related to the recovery amount of the reaction medium from the reactor to the reservoir during operation of the pump is equal to or less than a pump failure determination threshold, The chemical heat storage device according to claim 1 or 2, which is determined.
The failure detection unit includes an actual measurement value related to a recovery amount of the reaction medium from the reactor to the reservoir when the valve is opened, and the reaction from the reactor to the reservoir when the valve is opened. The chemical heat storage device according to claim 3, wherein the pump is controlled to operate after it is determined that an amount of deviation from an estimated value related to a medium recovery amount is greater than the valve failure determination threshold value.