WO2017079017A1 - Lubrifiant d'engrenage à faible viscosité - Google Patents

Lubrifiant d'engrenage à faible viscosité Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2017079017A1
WO2017079017A1 PCT/US2016/059009 US2016059009W WO2017079017A1 WO 2017079017 A1 WO2017079017 A1 WO 2017079017A1 US 2016059009 W US2016059009 W US 2016059009W WO 2017079017 A1 WO2017079017 A1 WO 2017079017A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
lubricant composition
oil
phosphorus
weight
lubricant
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/US2016/059009
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Suzanne Patterson
William R. S. Barton
Gareth Brown
Original Assignee
The Lubrizol Corporation
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by The Lubrizol Corporation filed Critical The Lubrizol Corporation
Priority to EP20184071.7A priority Critical patent/EP3786264A1/fr
Priority to CN201680077049.4A priority patent/CN108431189A/zh
Priority to CA3004417A priority patent/CA3004417A1/fr
Priority to EP16794148.3A priority patent/EP3371290B1/fr
Priority to US15/772,843 priority patent/US20180312775A1/en
Publication of WO2017079017A1 publication Critical patent/WO2017079017A1/fr

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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M137/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing phosphorus
    • C10M137/02—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing phosphorus having no phosphorus-to-carbon bond
    • C10M137/04—Phosphate esters
    • C10M137/10—Thio derivatives
    • C10M137/105—Thio derivatives not containing metal
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M101/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the base-material being a mineral or fatty oil
    • C10M101/02—Petroleum fractions
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M105/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the base-material being a non-macromolecular organic compound
    • C10M105/02—Well-defined hydrocarbons
    • C10M105/04—Well-defined hydrocarbons aliphatic
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M135/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing sulfur, selenium or tellurium
    • C10M135/02—Sulfurised compounds
    • C10M135/04—Hydrocarbons
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M169/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by containing as components a mixture of at least two types of ingredient selected from base-materials, thickeners or additives, covered by the preceding groups, each of these compounds being essential
    • C10M169/04—Mixtures of base-materials and additives
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2203/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds and hydrocarbon fractions as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2203/02—Well-defined aliphatic compounds
    • C10M2203/024—Well-defined aliphatic compounds unsaturated
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2203/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds and hydrocarbon fractions as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2203/10—Petroleum or coal fractions, e.g. tars, solvents, bitumen
    • C10M2203/1006—Petroleum or coal fractions, e.g. tars, solvents, bitumen used as base material
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2203/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds and hydrocarbon fractions as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2203/10—Petroleum or coal fractions, e.g. tars, solvents, bitumen
    • C10M2203/102—Aliphatic fractions
    • C10M2203/1025—Aliphatic fractions used as base material
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2205/00—Organic macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds or fractions, whether or not modified by oxidation as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2205/02—Organic macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds or fractions, whether or not modified by oxidation as ingredients in lubricant compositions containing acyclic monomers
    • C10M2205/028—Organic macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds or fractions, whether or not modified by oxidation as ingredients in lubricant compositions containing acyclic monomers containing aliphatic monomers having more than four carbon atoms
    • C10M2205/0285—Organic macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds or fractions, whether or not modified by oxidation as ingredients in lubricant compositions containing acyclic monomers containing aliphatic monomers having more than four carbon atoms used as base material
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2209/00—Organic macromolecular compounds containing oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2209/02—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
    • C10M2209/08—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds containing monomers having an unsaturated radical bound to a carboxyl radical, e.g. acrylate type
    • C10M2209/084—Acrylate; Methacrylate
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2209/00—Organic macromolecular compounds containing oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2209/02—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
    • C10M2209/08—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds containing monomers having an unsaturated radical bound to a carboxyl radical, e.g. acrylate type
    • C10M2209/086—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds containing monomers having an unsaturated radical bound to a carboxyl radical, e.g. acrylate type polycarboxylic, e.g. maleic acid
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2219/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing sulfur, selenium or tellurium as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2219/02—Sulfur-containing compounds obtained by sulfurisation with sulfur or sulfur-containing compounds
    • C10M2219/022—Sulfur-containing compounds obtained by sulfurisation with sulfur or sulfur-containing compounds of hydrocarbons, e.g. olefines
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2223/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing phosphorus as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2223/02—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing phosphorus as ingredients in lubricant compositions having no phosphorus-to-carbon bonds
    • C10M2223/04—Phosphate esters
    • C10M2223/043—Ammonium or amine salts thereof
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2223/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing phosphorus as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2223/02—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing phosphorus as ingredients in lubricant compositions having no phosphorus-to-carbon bonds
    • C10M2223/04—Phosphate esters
    • C10M2223/047—Thioderivatives not containing metallic elements
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2223/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing phosphorus as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2223/02—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing phosphorus as ingredients in lubricant compositions having no phosphorus-to-carbon bonds
    • C10M2223/049—Phosphite
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2020/00—Specified physical or chemical properties or characteristics, i.e. function, of component of lubricating compositions
    • C10N2020/01—Physico-chemical properties
    • C10N2020/02—Viscosity; Viscosity index
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2030/00—Specified physical or chemical properties which is improved by the additive characterising the lubricating composition, e.g. multifunctional additives
    • C10N2030/02—Pour-point; Viscosity index
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2030/00—Specified physical or chemical properties which is improved by the additive characterising the lubricating composition, e.g. multifunctional additives
    • C10N2030/06—Oiliness; Film-strength; Anti-wear; Resistance to extreme pressure
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2030/00—Specified physical or chemical properties which is improved by the additive characterising the lubricating composition, e.g. multifunctional additives
    • C10N2030/40—Low content or no content compositions
    • C10N2030/42—Phosphor free or low phosphor content compositions
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2030/00—Specified physical or chemical properties which is improved by the additive characterising the lubricating composition, e.g. multifunctional additives
    • C10N2030/40—Low content or no content compositions
    • C10N2030/43—Sulfur free or low sulfur content compositions
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
    • C10N2040/02—Bearings
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
    • C10N2040/04—Oil-bath; Gear-boxes; Automatic transmissions; Traction drives
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2060/00—Chemical after-treatment of the constituents of the lubricating composition
    • C10N2060/14—Chemical after-treatment of the constituents of the lubricating composition by boron or a compound containing boron

Abstract

La présente invention concerne une composition lubrifiante comprenant de 40 à 95 % d'une huile présentant une viscosité cinématique allant de 3 à 7,5 à 100 °C ; de 0,3 à 2 % d'un sel d'amine d'un composé phosphoré obtenu par réaction du pentasulfure de phosphore avec un ou plusieurs alcools comportant de 4 à environ 13, ou de 4 à 8, ou 6 atomes de carbone, avec un oxyde d'alkylène, et de plus avec du pentoxyde de phosphore, et transformer en sel la matière résultante au moyen d'une ou de plusieurs amines comportant de 2 à 20 ou de 12 à 24 atomes de carbone ; et un agent contenant du soufre actif, en une quantité qui permet de procurer de 0,5 à 7 % de soufre à la composition, fournit une bonne protection contre l'usure aux engrenages à une viscosité relativement faible de la composition.
PCT/US2016/059009 2015-11-06 2016-10-27 Lubrifiant d'engrenage à faible viscosité WO2017079017A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (5)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP20184071.7A EP3786264A1 (fr) 2015-11-06 2016-10-27 Lubrifiants pour engrenage à faible viscosité
CN201680077049.4A CN108431189A (zh) 2015-11-06 2016-10-27 低粘度齿轮润滑剂
CA3004417A CA3004417A1 (fr) 2015-11-06 2016-10-27 Lubrifiant d'engrenage a faible viscosite
EP16794148.3A EP3371290B1 (fr) 2015-11-06 2016-10-27 Lubrifiant d'engrenage à faible viscosité
US15/772,843 US20180312775A1 (en) 2015-11-06 2017-05-11 Low viscosity gear lubricants

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US201562251886P 2015-11-06 2015-11-06
US62/251,886 2015-11-06

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2017079017A1 true WO2017079017A1 (fr) 2017-05-11

Family

ID=57256455

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/US2016/059009 WO2017079017A1 (fr) 2015-11-06 2016-10-27 Lubrifiant d'engrenage à faible viscosité

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US20180312775A1 (fr)
EP (2) EP3371290B1 (fr)
CN (1) CN108431189A (fr)
CA (1) CA3004417A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2017079017A1 (fr)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP3693447A4 (fr) * 2017-10-02 2021-06-16 Idemitsu Kosan Co., Ltd. Composition d'huile à engrenages d'automobile et procédé de lubrification
DE102022116644A1 (de) 2022-07-04 2024-01-04 Volkswagen Aktiengesellschaft Flüssigkeitszusammensetzung zur Verwendung in elektrischen Antrieben

Families Citing this family (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2017132875A (ja) * 2016-01-27 2017-08-03 東燃ゼネラル石油株式会社 潤滑油組成物
JP6730122B2 (ja) * 2016-07-28 2020-07-29 Ｅｍｇルブリカンツ合同会社 潤滑油組成物
CA3176030A1 (fr) * 2020-04-27 2021-11-04 Brian B. Filippini Procede de lubrification d'un engrenage automobile ou industriel
CN114196461A (zh) * 2020-09-17 2022-03-18 中国石油化工股份有限公司 一种用于重负荷车桥的清洗油组合物及其制备方法与应用
US11639480B1 (en) * 2022-06-20 2023-05-02 Afton Chemical Corporation Phosphorus antiwear system for improved gear protection

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WO2010077630A1 (fr) 2008-12-09 2010-07-08 The Lubrizol Corporation Composition lubrifiante contenant un composé issu d'un acide hydroxycarboxylique
US8216448B2 (en) 2003-11-07 2012-07-10 Chevron U.S.A. Inc. Process for improving the lubricating properties of base oils using a Fischer-Tropsch derived bottoms
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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2446072A (en) 1945-04-11 1948-07-27 Us Rubber Co Preparation of dialkenyl sulfides
US3172892A (en) 1959-03-30 1965-03-09 Reaction product of high molecular weight succinic acids and succinic anhydrides with an ethylene poly- amine
US3197405A (en) 1962-07-09 1965-07-27 Lubrizol Corp Phosphorus-and nitrogen-containing compositions and process for preparing the same
US3381022A (en) 1963-04-23 1968-04-30 Lubrizol Corp Polymerized olefin substituted succinic acid esters
US3372116A (en) 1965-10-05 1968-03-05 Lubrizol Corp Preparation of basic metal phenates and salicylates
US3544465A (en) 1968-06-03 1970-12-01 Mobil Oil Corp Esters of phosphorodithioates
US3634515A (en) 1968-11-08 1972-01-11 Standard Oil Co Alkylene polyamide formaldehyde
US4234435A (en) 1979-02-23 1980-11-18 The Lubrizol Corporation Novel carboxylic acid acylating agents, derivatives thereof, concentrate and lubricant compositions containing the same, and processes for their preparation
US4285822A (en) 1979-06-28 1981-08-25 Chevron Research Company Process for preparing a sulfurized molybdenum-containing composition and lubricating oil containing the composition
US4654403A (en) 1985-03-25 1987-03-31 The Lubrizol Corporation Polymeric compositions comprising olefin polymer and nitrogen containing ester of a carboxy interpolymer
US4719023A (en) 1985-12-23 1988-01-12 Shell Oil Company Grease composition
WO1987007638A2 (fr) 1986-06-13 1987-12-17 The Lubrizol Corporation Compositions de lubrifiant et de fluides fonctionnels contenant du phosphore et du soufre
US4755311A (en) 1986-08-14 1988-07-05 The Lubrizol Corporation Phosphorus-, sulfur- and boron-containing compositions, and lubricant and functional fluid compositions containing same
US5256752A (en) 1987-03-25 1993-10-26 The Lubrizol Corporation Nitrogen-free ester of carboxy containing interpolymers
US5157088A (en) 1987-11-19 1992-10-20 Dishong Dennis M Nitrogen-containing esters of carboxy-containing interpolymers
US5395539A (en) 1988-10-24 1995-03-07 Exxon Chemical Patents Inc. Amide containing friction modifier for use in power transmission fluids
US5767044A (en) * 1993-08-20 1998-06-16 The Lubrizol Corporation Lubricating compositions with improved thermal stability and limited slip performance
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CA3004417A1 (fr) 2017-05-11
EP3371290A1 (fr) 2018-09-12
US20180312775A1 (en) 2018-11-01
EP3786264A1 (fr) 2021-03-03
CN108431189A (zh) 2018-08-21

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