WO2017078134A1 - 太陽熱集熱システムおよびその運転方法 - Google Patents
太陽熱集熱システムおよびその運転方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2017078134A1 WO2017078134A1 PCT/JP2016/082791 JP2016082791W WO2017078134A1 WO 2017078134 A1 WO2017078134 A1 WO 2017078134A1 JP 2016082791 W JP2016082791 W JP 2016082791W WO 2017078134 A1 WO2017078134 A1 WO 2017078134A1
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- heat
- water
- heating device
- temperature heating
- steam
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
- F24S23/00—Arrangements for concentrating solar-rays for solar heat collectors
- F24S23/70—Arrangements for concentrating solar-rays for solar heat collectors with reflectors
- F24S23/77—Arrangements for concentrating solar-rays for solar heat collectors with reflectors with flat reflective plates
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03G—SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS; MECHANICAL-POWER PRODUCING DEVICES OR MECHANISMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR OR USING ENERGY SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03G6/00—Devices for producing mechanical power from solar energy
- F03G6/06—Devices for producing mechanical power from solar energy with solar energy concentrating means
- F03G6/065—Devices for producing mechanical power from solar energy with solar energy concentrating means having a Rankine cycle
- F03G6/067—Binary cycle plants where the fluid from the solar collector heats the working fluid via a heat exchanger
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F22—STEAM GENERATION
- F22B—METHODS OF STEAM GENERATION; STEAM BOILERS
- F22B1/00—Methods of steam generation characterised by form of heating method
- F22B1/006—Methods of steam generation characterised by form of heating method using solar heat
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F22—STEAM GENERATION
- F22G—SUPERHEATING OF STEAM
- F22G1/00—Steam superheating characterised by heating method
- F22G1/06—Steam superheating characterised by heating method with heat supply predominantly by radiation
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
- F24S20/00—Solar heat collectors specially adapted for particular uses or environments
- F24S20/20—Solar heat collectors for receiving concentrated solar energy, e.g. receivers for solar power plants
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
- F24S20/00—Solar heat collectors specially adapted for particular uses or environments
- F24S20/20—Solar heat collectors for receiving concentrated solar energy, e.g. receivers for solar power plants
- F24S20/25—Solar heat collectors for receiving concentrated solar energy, e.g. receivers for solar power plants using direct solar radiation in combination with concentrated radiation
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
- F24S50/00—Arrangements for controlling solar heat collectors
- F24S50/20—Arrangements for controlling solar heat collectors for tracking
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/40—Solar thermal energy, e.g. solar towers
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/40—Solar thermal energy, e.g. solar towers
- Y02E10/44—Heat exchange systems
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/40—Solar thermal energy, e.g. solar towers
- Y02E10/46—Conversion of thermal power into mechanical power, e.g. Rankine, Stirling or solar thermal engines
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/40—Solar thermal energy, e.g. solar towers
- Y02E10/47—Mountings or tracking
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a solar heat collection system that collects solar heat to generate steam from water and a method of operating the same.
- Patent Document 1 is known as a solar heat collecting system used in a solar thermal power plant.
- a low temperature heating device for heating water supplied from a water supply pump with the heat of sunlight, and a steam water separation device for separating a water-steam two-phase fluid generated by the low temperature heating device into water and steam
- a high temperature heating device for heating the steam separated by the brackish water separation device with the heat of sunlight
- a circulation pump for supplying water separated by the brackish water separation device to the low temperature heating device
- the composition of is described (see summary).
- Patent Document 1 As a low temperature heating device, a line condensing type such as a trough type or a Fresnel type is used, and as a high temperature heating device, a tower type heat collecting device is used. According to Patent Document 1, the tower-type light collecting and collecting apparatus can be miniaturized, so that the height of the tower can be reduced to reduce the construction cost. Further, since the light collection accuracy required for the heliostat is also proportional to the tower height (distance), it is possible to reduce the cost required to keep the light collection accuracy at a high level, such as angle adjustment during construction and operation.
- FIG. 6 (a) to 6 (c) are diagrams showing (a) direct solar radiation amount on a fine day, (b) low temperature heating device outlet fluid temperature, and (c) steam water separating device outlet vapor flow rate, respectively.
- FIG. 6 (a) the amount of direct solar radiation increases with sunrise, and the water supplied into the heat transfer tube of the low temperature heating device is heated, and as shown in FIG. 6 (b) The temperature rises.
- the low-temperature heating device outlet fluid temperature reaches a saturation temperature, and only when it becomes a water-steam biphasic fluid, steam is supplied from the steam separator to the high-temperature heating device as shown in FIG. 6 (c).
- the time until feed water reaches the saturated steam temperature between AA 'in FIG.
- FIG. 7 is a view for explaining the heat collection principle of the low temperature heating device and the high temperature heating device.
- the low-temperature heating device heats the working medium in the heat transfer tube by condensing the reflected light of the mirror installed horizontally on the horizontal heat transfer tube installed above the mirror Method.
- the mirror installed horizontally with the sun faces the light reception area, that is, the heat collection efficiency is maximized.
- sunlight is incident obliquely and the net light receiving area decreases, so the heat collection efficiency decreases.
- FIG. 7 (b) shows the heat collection principle of the high-temperature heating device.
- a heliostat in which the sun and the mirror face each other in winter and the heat collection efficiency is improved.
- the variation of the heat collection efficiency in the year tends to be small when the heat collection efficiency which changes individually of several hundreds to several thousand pieces of all heliostats is viewed in total.
- FIG. 8 is a diagram for explaining the relationship between the heat collection efficiency and the latitude of the low temperature heating device and the high temperature heating device.
- the variation of the heat collection efficiency is small in both the low temperature heating device and the high temperature heating device. That is, even if the equipment size of the low-temperature heating device and the high-temperature heating device is determined based on a certain design point, for example, summer solstice, the heat collection efficiency and the correlation are correlated There is no such thing as a significant reduction in heat collection.
- the solar altitude in winter decreases as the latitude increases, and the heat collection efficiency of the low-temperature heating device decreases as shown in FIG. 7 (a).
- the equipment size of the low-temperature heating device and the high-temperature heating device is determined on the basis of the summer solstice, the flow rate of saturated steam in winter decreases, and the collection of the high temperature heating devices The amount of heat has to be suppressed and the heliostat has to stand by. Therefore, in the prior art, there is a problem that the facility operation rate decreases.
- a low-temperature collector such as trough type or fresnel type is originally a reflection and collection member (mirror) installed at a relatively short distance (focal length) from the collector tube.
- the high temperature heat collection device is installed at a large distance (large focal distance) from the heat transfer tube panel. This is due to the difference in design that the reflected light from the heliostat is designed to be received by the heat collecting surface of the heat transfer tube panel which spreads vertically and horizontally.
- the present invention has been made in view of the above-described circumstances, and a first object of the present invention is to shorten the time required for steam temperature generated by a low-temperature heating device in a solar heat collecting system to reach saturated steam temperature.
- the second object of the present invention is to improve the imbalance between the heat collecting balance of the low temperature heating device and the high temperature heating device depending on the season.
- a solar heat collecting system comprises a low temperature heating device for heating supplied water with the heat of sunlight to generate a vapor, and water produced by the low temperature heating device.
- a steam separation apparatus for separating a steam two-phase fluid into water and steam, and high temperature heating the steam separated by the steam separation apparatus with heat of sunlight reflected by a plurality of heliostats to generate superheated steam
- the low-temperature heating device is disposed linearly along a longitudinal direction of a first heat collecting tube disposed linearly and a first heat collecting tube, and A first reflecting member that reflects light from the first heat collecting pipe, condensing light reflected from the first reflecting member onto the first heat collecting pipe, and heating water flowing through the first heat collecting pipe;
- a plurality of Helios and a plurality of second collectors arranged linearly.
- the present invention is directed to a low temperature heating device for heating supplied water with the heat of sunlight to generate steam, and a water-vapor two-phase fluid generated by the low temperature heating device.
- a method of operating a solar heat collecting system, the low temperature heating device being in series with a first heat collector disposed downstream of the flow of water, and the first heat collector upstream; And a second heat collector disposed at a position to allow water to flow to the first heat collector via the second heat collector for a predetermined period of time, and
- the second sunlight is generated by using at least a part of a plurality of heliostats. So as to reflect the heat sink, after the lapse of the period, characterized in that the water has to flow into the second bypass to the first heat collector the heat collector.
- the present invention it is possible to shorten the time until the steam temperature generated by the low temperature heating device reaches the saturated steam temperature. Further, according to the present invention, it is possible to improve the imbalance of the heat collection balance between the low temperature heating device and the high temperature heating device depending on the season.
- the subject except having mentioned above, a structure, and an effect are clarified by description of the following embodiment.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic configuration diagram of a solar heat collecting system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- the solar heat collecting system 1 is used to supply superheated steam to a steam turbine of a solar thermal power plant.
- the solar thermal power plant is supplied to a steam turbine driven by the superheated steam generated by the high temperature heating device 4 of the solar heat collecting system 1, a generator generating electric power by the power of the steam turbine, and the steam turbine
- reference numeral 2 denotes a low temperature heating device for heating water by the heat of sunlight
- reference numeral 3 denotes a brackish water separation device for separating a water-steam two-phase fluid generated by the low temperature heating device 2 into water and steam
- reference numeral 4 Is a high temperature heating device for heating steam with the heat of sunlight
- 5 is a heliostat
- 6 is a sun
- 7 is a sunlight
- 10 is a water supply pump
- 11 is a circulating pump
- 15 is a temperature detector
- symbol 20 is a control apparatus (heliostat control apparatus).
- a pipe connecting each component is described as a line ⁇ - ⁇ .
- ⁇ ⁇ the symbol is, for example, line 2-3 represents a pipe connecting the low temperature heating device 2 and the brackish water separating device 3.
- the water supplied from the water supply pump 10 is sent to the low temperature heating device 2 through the line 10-2.
- the heat of the sunlight 7 heats the water to generate a water-vapor two-phase fluid.
- the generated water-vapor two-phase fluid is sent to the brackish water separator 3 through the line 2-3.
- the water-steam two-phase fluid introduced into the brackish water separation device 3 is separated into water and steam by the brackish water separation device 3.
- the separated saturated vapor is sent to the high temperature heating device 4 through the line 3-4.
- the saturated vapor introduced into the high-temperature heating device 4 is further heated by the heat of the sunlight 7 reflected by the heliostat 5 in the high-temperature heating device 4 to generate superheated vapor.
- the water separated by the brackish water separator 3 is sent to the circulation pump 11 through the line 3-11.
- the water pressurized by the circulation pump 11 is sent to the inlet of the low temperature heating device 2 through the line 11-2.
- the high temperature heating device 4 is a so-called tower type light collecting and collecting device, and specifically, the heat transfer tube panel 8 is installed on a tower 9 having a predetermined height (about 30 to 100 m) .
- a large number of heliostats 5 are arranged in various directions on the ground surface, and while tracking the movement of the sun 6, the heliostat 5 group condenses on the high temperature heating device 4 (heat transfer tube panel 8), Superheated steam is produced.
- the angle of each heliostat 5 is controlled by the control device 20. And although it mentions in detail later, the angle is controlled by control device 20 so that low temperature heating device 2 can be made to reflect sunlight for a part (code 5a) of heliostat 5 group.
- the low temperature heating device 2 is a so-called Fresnel type light collecting / collecting device, and more specifically, a large number of flat or slightly curved light collecting mirrors 12 are arranged by changing the angle little by little.
- the heat transfer tubes 13 are arranged horizontally in a planar shape several meters above the light mirrors 12. The sunlight 7 is condensed on the heat transfer tubes 13 by the collection mirror 12 group, and the water flowing in each heat transfer tube 13 is heated, whereby a water-vapor two-phase fluid is generated.
- a heat transfer tube is disposed above the inner peripheral curved surface of the light collecting mirror extended in a bowl shape, instead of the low temperature heating device 2 consisting of a Fresnel type light collecting / collecting device, It is also possible to use a trough-type condensing / collecting device that generates water vapor by heating water flowing in the heat transfer tube by condensing the heat transfer tube with a condensing mirror.
- the controller 20 receives data from the temperature detector 15 that detects the temperature at the outlet of the low temperature heating device 2. For example, during a period (predetermined period) in which the solar heat collecting system 1 operates and the temperature of the steam detected by the temperature detector 15 reaches the saturated steam temperature (predetermined period), the control device 20 The angle control is performed so that the heliostat 5a installed on the side closer to the low temperature heating device 2 is directed to the heat transfer tube 13 of the low temperature heating device 2. Thereby, since the sunlight 7 can be reflected by the heliostat 5a and collected in the heat transfer tube 13, the generation time of the saturated vapor by the low temperature heating device 2 can be shortened. Then, when the vapor temperature detected by the temperature detector 15 reaches the saturated vapor temperature, the control device 20 controls the angle so that the heliostat 5a directed to the low temperature heating device 2 is directed to the high temperature heating device 4 Yes (return to original position).
- controlling the angle of the heliostat 5a installed on the side closer to the low temperature heating device 2 in the heliostat 5 group is lower temperature heating than controlling the angle of the heliostat on the far side. It is because the condensing efficiency to the heat exchanger tube 13 of the apparatus 2 is high.
- the saturated steam is not supplied to the high temperature heating device 4 until the saturated steam is generated by the low temperature heating device 2, and the high temperature heating device 4 is in the standby state. It is not necessary to condense sunlight 7 on the heat transfer tube panel 8 of the high temperature heating device 4. Therefore, in the present embodiment, the low temperature heating is achieved by condensing the sunlight 7 on the low temperature heating device 2 using a part of the heliostat 5a excluding the heliostat 5 necessary for preheating the high temperature heating device 4. The generation time of saturated vapor by the device 2 is shortened.
- Data from the temperature detector 16 that detects the steam outlet temperature of the high-temperature heating device 4 is input to the controller 20.
- a predetermined temperature for example, 550.degree. C.
- the low temperature heating device 2 If the flow rate of saturated steam does not reach the rated flow rate, it depends on the number of heliostats 5 to be prepared and the conditions of solar radiation, but even if not all heliostats 5 are directed to the high temperature heating device 4, the predetermined temperature Can maintain
- the angle control is performed so that, for example, the heliostat 5a in the standby state not facing the high temperature heating device 4 among the heliostat 5 group is directed to the heat transfer tube 13 of the low temperature heating device 2.
- the sunlight 7 can be reflected by the heliostat 5a and collected in the heat transfer tube 13, the steam flow rate of the saturated steam generated by the low temperature heating device 2 can be increased.
- control device 20 causes the heliostat 5 a directed to the low temperature heating device 2 to the high temperature heating device 4. Control the angle to face.
- the sunlight 7 is condensed on the low temperature heating device 2 using a part of the heliostat 5a except for the heliostat 5 required to maintain the steam outlet temperature of the high temperature heating device 4 By doing this, the saturated vapor flow rate from the low temperature heating device 2 can be increased.
- FIG. 2 compares the relationship between (a) direct solar radiation on a fine day, (b) fluid temperature at the low temperature heater outlet, and (c) steam flow at the outlet of the steam water separator according to the present invention and the prior art.
- FIG. 3 is a figure for demonstrating the heat collection efficiency of the low temperature heating apparatus by this invention.
- the time taken for the fluid temperature at the outlet of the low-temperature heating device 2 to reach the saturated vapor temperature is reduced from A-A 'to A-B because heat collection by the heliostat 5a is obtained. It can be understood that Although the conditions change depending on the number of heliostats 5a used and the scale of power generation etc., if the time to saturated steam generation is designed to be shortened by 20 to 30 minutes, the utilization rate of heliostat at a daylighting time of 8 hr / day Increases 5 to 8% points.
- the heat collection efficiency of the low temperature heating apparatus 2 by this invention is shown in FIG.
- the facility scale of the low-temperature heating device 2 and the high-temperature heating device 4 is determined based on the summer solstice, and the waiting heliostat 5a is heated according to the amount of heating the low-temperature heating device 2 and the flow rate of saturated steam increased by the heating
- the heat collection efficiency of the low-temperature heating device 2 can be increased by about 1.05-1.10 times in spring, and by about 1.40 times-1.45 times in winter by distributing the heating device 4 in proportions for heating It becomes possible. That is, according to the present invention, by using the heliostat 5a on standby, heat can be efficiently collected even when installed in a high latitude area.
- FIGS. 4 and 5 are diagrams showing modifications of the low-temperature heat collector applicable to the present invention.
- the low temperature heating device 2a shown in FIG. 4 (a) has a configuration in which the reflection light of the heliostat 5a is condensed on the heat transfer tube 13 which is the same as the horizontal heat transfer tube. Thus, if the horizontal heat transfer tube can also collect the reflected light of the heliostat 5a, no additional heat transfer tube is necessary.
- the low temperature heating device 2b shown in FIG. 4 (b) has a configuration in which a heat transfer tube 13 capable of collecting the reflected light of the heliostat 5a is provided downstream of the horizontal heat transfer tube.
- the low-temperature heating device 2c shown in FIG. 4 (c) has a configuration in which a heat transfer pipe capable of collecting the reflected light of the heliostat 5a is provided on the upstream side of the horizontal heat transfer pipe.
- the condensing portion by the heliostat 5a may be any position of the low temperature heating device 2 as long as the working medium flows.
- two or more heat transfer tubes 13 may be a target for collecting the reflected light from the heliostat 5a.
- the low temperature heating device 2e shown in FIG. 5A has a heat transfer tube panel 25 installed between two horizontal heat transfer tubes, and the heat transfer tube panel 25 condenses the reflected light of the heliostat 5a.
- the low-temperature heating device 2f shown in FIG. 5B has a configuration in which the heat transfer pipe panel 25 is installed on the downstream side of the horizontal heat transfer pipe, and the reflected light of the heliostat 5a is collected on the heat transfer pipe panel 25.
- the low temperature heating device 2g shown in FIG. 5 (c) has a configuration in which the heat transfer tube panel 25 is horizontally placed opposite to the low temperature heating device 2f and disposed upstream of the heat transfer tube.
- the low temperature heating device 2h shown in FIG. 5 (d) arranges the heat transfer tube 13 and the heat transfer tube panel 25 in series, and condenses the reflected light from the heliostat 5a on the heat transfer tube 13 and the heat transfer tube panel 25. It is a structure.
- FIG. 5 (e) shows a configuration in which the reflected light of the heliostat 5a is condensed on the heat transfer tube panel 25 connected in parallel with the horizontal heat transfer tube.
- FIG. 9 is a schematic configuration diagram of a solar heat collecting system according to a second embodiment of the present invention.
- symbol is attached
- the solar heat collecting system 100 according to the second embodiment receives the sunlight 7 by the collecting mirror 12 and collects the reflected light from the collecting mirror 12 in the heat collecting tube 13.
- a saturated steam generation system that raises the water temperature in the steam drum (brackish water separator) 3 while circulating water in the heat collection pipe 13 by the circulation pump 11, and a superheater of the tower 9 (saturated steam generated from the steam drum 3)
- the heat pipe panel 8 is composed of a superheated steam generating system which causes the superheater 8 to irradiate the reflected light of the sunlight 7 received by the heliostat 5 to generate the superheated steam.
- a first linear condensing collector (first collector) 51 and a second linear condensing collector (second collector) as low-temperature heating devices are used.
- a heat collector) 52 is provided.
- the first linear light collecting type collector 51 includes a plurality of vacuum double-tube type heat collecting tubes (first heat collecting tubes) 13 linearly arranged, and each vacuum double-tube type heat collecting tube 13 (hereinafter referred to as And a plurality of collecting mirrors (first reflecting members) 12 linearly arranged along the longitudinal direction of the heat collecting pipe 13 and reflecting sunlight to the heat collecting pipe 13; The reflected light from the above is condensed to each heat collecting pipe 13 to heat the water flowing through each heat collecting pipe 13.
- the plurality of heat collection tubes 13 are arranged in a plane at a position several meters above the collection mirror 12 group.
- the number of heat collecting tubes 13 and the number of collecting mirrors 12 can be appropriately determined according to the specification.
- the second linear light collecting type collector 52 has a plurality of vacuum double-tube type heat collecting pipes (second heat collecting pipes) 30.
- the plurality of vacuum double-tube type heat collecting tubes 30 (hereinafter referred to as the heat collecting tubes 30) are arranged in the vertical direction and arranged in a plane (panel shape) in a state of being horizontally directed.
- the heat collecting tubes 30 are connected in series, and the plurality of heat collecting tubes 30 formed in a planar shape receive the reflected light from the heliostat 5a on standby, whereby the water flowing in the heat collecting tube 30 is It is heated.
- the number of heat collection tubes 30 can be appropriately determined according to the specification.
- a vacuum double pipe type heat collecting pipe having a tube outer diameter of 70 mm and a glass pipe outer diameter of 125 mm can be applied as the heat collecting pipe 13 and the heat collecting pipe 30, for example.
- the second linear light collecting collector 52 is installed in a space portion located between the tower 9 and the heliostat 5.
- the second linear light collector 52 is attached to the support structure of the tower 9 in consideration of the focal length from the heliostat 5, but between the tower 9 and the heliostat 5
- a second support member may be provided in the space of the second light collecting collector 52 attached to the second support member.
- the secondary mirror (the opposite side to the heliostat 5) of the heat collection tube 30 is used to increase the light collection efficiency by secondarily reflecting the reflected light leaked from the gap between the heat collection tubes 30.
- the second reflective member 55 is provided, the auxiliary mirror may not necessarily be provided.
- the first linear condensing collector 51 and the second linear collecting collector 52 are connected in series via the two three-way valves 31 and 32 as a flow path switching mechanism.
- the second linear light collecting type collector 52 is disposed on the upstream side of the flow
- the first linear light collecting type collector 51 is disposed on the downstream side.
- the inlet of the heat collection tube 30 is connected to the outlet side of the circulation pump 11 via the three-way valve 31.
- the outlet of the heat collecting pipe 30 is connected to the inlet side of the heat collecting pipe 13 via the three-way valve 32, and one ends of the remaining ports of the three-way valve 31 and the three-way valve 32 are connected by piping.
- a steam drum water temperature gauge 33 for measuring the water temperature in the steam drum 3 is installed on the steam drum 3, and an open / close signal based on an instruction value of the steam drum water temperature gauge 33 is input to the two three-way valves 31, 32. ing.
- the operation of the solar heat collecting system according to the second embodiment configured as described above will be described.
- first start up the saturated steam generation system first start up the saturated steam generation system.
- the open direction of the three-way valve 31 is from the outlet of the circulation pump 11 toward the inlet of the heat collection tube 30 in the direction of arrow A in the figure until the indicated value of the steam drum water temperature gauge 33 reaches the target temperature (eg 300 ° C.)
- the opening direction of the three-way valve 32 is set so that the fluid water in the pipe flows from the outlet of the heat collecting pipe 30 to the inlet of the heat collecting pipe 13, the three-way valve 31 and the three-way valve 32. Fluid is not flowing (first flow path).
- the circulation pump 11 When the circulation pump 11 is driven in this state, the water transferred by the circulation pump 11 returns to the circulation pump 11 sequentially from the three-way valve 31 through the heat collecting pipe 30, the three-way valve 32, the heat collecting pipe 13, and the steam drum 3. At this time, the heat collection tube 30 is irradiated with the reflected light 34 of the heliostat 5a in the standby state, the water temperature in the heat collection tube 30 is increased, and the hot water is guided into the heat collection tube 13 and the sunlight 7 is irradiated. The water temperature in the heat collecting tube 13 is raised by the reflected light from the collecting mirror 12.
- the saturated steam in the steam drum 3 can be supplied to the superheater 8, and the reflected light of the heliostat 5 is irradiated to the superheater 8 Then, the irradiation of the heliostat 5a in standby mode is switched from the heat collection pipe 30 to the superheater 8 to generate superheated steam. Thereafter, the three-way valves 31 and 32 are switched to separate the heat collecting pipe 13 and the heat collecting pipe 30 from each other in fluid.
- the hot water sent from the circulation pump 11 is not transferred to the heat collection pipe 30 but is connected to the heat collection pipe 13 via piping connected to the three-way valve 32 after the three-way valve 31 in the direction of arrow B in the figure.
- Direct flow (second flow path).
- the heat collection amount of the entire low-temperature heating device (line-condensing heat collector) at the start of the solar heat collecting system is increased, Saturated steam can be generated quickly, and start-up time can be shortened.
- the reflected light from the heliostat 5a in the waiting state can be efficiently irradiated to the heat collecting pipe 30, and Since the reflected light from the heliostat 5a can be irradiated over the entire heat collecting tube 30, it is easy to create a homogeneous heating condition, and it is also easy to suppress a local temperature rise such as a hot spot.
- the low temperature is achieved by the reflected light from the condensing mirror 12 of the low temperature heating device 2 and the reflected light from the heliostat 5a on standby. Since the water supplied to the heating device 2 can be heated, the time for generating the saturated vapor in the low temperature heating device 2 is shortened. Thus, the operation efficiency of the solar heat collecting system 1 is improved. Further, even in the high latitude region, by using the heliostat 5a in the standby state, the heat collection balance between the low temperature heating device 2 and the high temperature heating device 4 becomes unbalanced depending on the season, but it is improved It is possible to prevent the efficiency from being reduced.
- the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment, but includes various modifications.
- the above-described embodiment is described in detail to explain the present invention in an easy-to-understand manner, and is not necessarily limited to one having all the described configurations.
- the three-way valves 31 and 32 are merely described as an example of the combination of the flow path switching mechanism, and for example, a plurality of flow rate control valves are bypassed on the flow path via the heat collection pipe 30 and the heat collection pipe 30 You may each provide on a flow path.
- each flow rate control valve by controlling the opening degree of each flow rate control valve, it is possible to adjust the flow rate of the to-be-heated fluid flowing to the heat collection pipe 30 while flowing the to-be-heated fluid (water) at the full flow rate to the heat collection pipe 13. For this reason, immediately after the start of the solar heat collection system 100, while flowing the heated fluid of all flow rates to the heat collecting pipe 13 and the heat collecting pipe 30, the flow rate of the heated fluid flowing to the heat collecting pipe 30 gradually with the lapse of time after the start. It is possible to make adjustments such as reducing the
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Abstract
Description
以下、本発明の実施形態について図面を用いて説明する。図1は、本発明の実施形態に係る太陽熱集熱システムの概略構成図である。この太陽熱集熱システム1は、太陽熱発電プラントの蒸気タービンに過熱蒸気を供給するために使用される。なお、太陽熱発電プラントは、図示しないが、太陽熱集熱システム1の高温加熱装置4で生成された過熱蒸気で駆動する蒸気タービンと、蒸気タービンの動力で発電する発電機と、蒸気タービンに供給された過熱蒸気を復水する復水器と、復水器で復水された水を太陽熱集熱システム1の低温加熱装置2に供給するラインとを備えて構成される。
次に、本発明の第二の実施形態について説明する。図9は、本発明の第二の実施形態に係る太陽熱集熱システムの概略構成図である。なお、第一の実施形態と同一の構成については、同一の符号を付して説明を省略する。図9に示すように、第二の実施形態に係る太陽熱集熱システム100は、太陽光7を集光ミラー12で受け、その集光ミラー12からの反射光を集熱管13に集光して集熱管13内の水を循環ポンプ11で循環しながら蒸気ドラム(汽水分離装置)3内の水温を上昇させる飽和蒸気生成系統と、蒸気ドラム3から発生した飽和蒸気をタワー9の過熱器(伝熱管パネル)8に導いたのちにヘリオスタット5で受けた太陽光7の反射光を過熱器8に照射させて過熱蒸気を生成させる過熱蒸気生成系統とから構成される。
2 低温加熱装置
3 汽水分離装置/蒸気ドラム
4 高温加熱装置
5 ヘリオスタット
5a 待機中のヘリオスタット
6 太陽
7 太陽光
8 伝熱管パネル/過熱器
9 タワー
10 給水ポンプ
11 循環ポンプ
12 集光ミラー
13 伝熱管/集熱管
15 温度検出器
20 制御装置(ヘリオスタット制御装置)
30 真空二重管型集熱管(第二の集熱管)
31、32 三方弁(流路切換機構)
55 補助ミラー(第二の反射部材)
Claims (9)
- 供給された水を太陽光の熱で加熱して蒸気を生成する低温加熱装置と、
前記低温加熱装置で生成された水-蒸気二相流体を水と蒸気とに分離する汽水分離装置と、
前記汽水分離装置で分離された蒸気を複数のヘリオスタットで反射させた太陽光の熱で加熱して、過熱蒸気を生成する高温加熱装置と、を備え、
前記低温加熱装置は、
線状に配置された第一の集熱管、および前記第一の集熱管の長手方向に沿って線状に配置され、太陽光を前記第一の集熱管に反射させる第一の反射部材を有し、前記第一の反射部材からの反射光を前記第一の集熱管に集光して前記第一の集熱管を流れる水を加熱する第一の集熱器と、
線状に配置された第二の集熱管を有し、前記複数のヘリオスタットの少なくとも一部からの反射光を受光して、前記第二の集熱管を流れる水を加熱する第二の集熱器と、を含むことを特徴とする太陽熱集熱システム。 - 請求項1において、
前記第二の集熱器は、前記第二の集熱管を複数備え、
複数の前記第二の集熱管は、それぞれ水平に向けられ、かつ、上下方向に並べて配置されることにより、面状に形成されることを特徴とする太陽熱集熱システム。 - 請求項2において、
前記第二の集熱器は、前記複数の第二の集熱管の間から漏れた前記複数のヘリオスタットからの反射光を前記複数の第二の集熱管に二次反射させるための第二の反射部材をさらに含むことを特徴とする太陽熱集熱システム。 - 請求項2において、
前記高温加熱装置は、所定の高さを有するタワーの上に伝熱管パネルを設置し、太陽光を前記複数のヘリオスタットで前記伝熱管パネルに集光することにより、前記伝熱管パネル内を流通する水を加熱して蒸気を生成するタワー式の集光・集熱装置からなり、
前記第二の集熱器は、前記タワーに取り付けられることを特徴とする太陽熱集熱システム。 - 請求項1において、
水の流れの下流側に前記第一の集熱器が配置され、上流側に前記第二の集熱器が配置されると共に、前記第一の集熱器と前記第二の集熱器とは直列に接続され、
前記低温加熱装置は、前記第一の集熱器と前記第二の集熱器との間に設けられ、水が前記第二の集熱器を経由して前記第一の集熱器へと流れる第一の流路と、水が前記第二の集熱器をバイパスして前記第一の集熱器へと流れる第二の流路とに水の流れる流路を切り換える流路切換機構をさらに含むことを特徴とする太陽熱集熱システム。 - 請求項5において、
前記複数のヘリオスタットの角度を制御するヘリオスタット制御装置をさらに備え、
前記ヘリオスタット制御装置は、前記複数のヘリオスタットのそれぞれの角度を太陽光が前記高温加熱装置に向かって反射するよう制御すると共に、所定の期間、太陽光が前記第二の集熱器に向かって反射するように制御することを特徴とする太陽熱集熱システム。 - 請求項6において、
前記流路切換機構は、前記所定の期間に亘って水の流路を前記第一の流路に切り換え、前記所定の期間が経過した後に水の流路を前記第一の流路から前記第二の流路に切り換えることを特徴とする太陽熱集熱システム。 - 請求項7において、
前記所定の期間は、前記低温加熱装置に供給された水が飽和蒸気温度に達するまでの期間であることを特徴とする太陽熱集熱システム。 - 供給された水を太陽光の熱で加熱して蒸気を生成する低温加熱装置と、
前記低温加熱装置で生成された水-蒸気二相流体を水と蒸気とに分離する汽水分離装置と、
前記汽水分離装置で分離された蒸気を複数のヘリオスタットで反射させた太陽光の熱で加熱して、過熱蒸気を生成する高温加熱装置と、を備えた太陽熱集熱システムの運転方法であって、
前記低温加熱装置は、
水の流れの下流側に配置される第一の集熱器と、上流側に前記第一の集熱器と直列で配置される第二の集熱器とを含み、
所定の期間に亘って、水が前記第二の集熱器を経由して前記第一の集熱器へと流れるようにすると共に、前記複数のヘリオスタットのうち少なくとも一部のヘスオスタットを用いて太陽光を前記第二の集熱器に反射させるようにし、前記期間の経過後は、水が前記第二の集熱器をバイパスして前記第一の集熱器に流れるようにしたことを特徴とする太陽熱集熱システムの運転方法。
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ES201890026A ES2681143B2 (es) | 2015-11-04 | 2016-11-04 | Sistema de captacion de calor solar y metodo de funcionamiento del mismo |
US15/770,555 US10775079B2 (en) | 2015-11-04 | 2016-11-04 | Solar heat collection system and operation method thereof |
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