WO2017077646A1 - Electric vehicle power supply system - Google Patents

Electric vehicle power supply system Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2017077646A1
WO2017077646A1 PCT/JP2015/081348 JP2015081348W WO2017077646A1 WO 2017077646 A1 WO2017077646 A1 WO 2017077646A1 JP 2015081348 W JP2015081348 W JP 2015081348W WO 2017077646 A1 WO2017077646 A1 WO 2017077646A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
electric vehicle
unit
vehicle power
power feeding
feeding system
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/JP2015/081348
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French (fr)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
昌鷹 馬場
奥村　明
Original Assignee
三菱電機株式会社
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Publication date
Application filed by 三菱電機株式会社 filed Critical 三菱電機株式会社
Priority to PCT/JP2015/081348 priority Critical patent/WO2017077646A1/en
Publication of WO2017077646A1 publication Critical patent/WO2017077646A1/en

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L50/00—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle
    • B60L50/50—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells
    • B60L50/60—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells using power supplied by batteries
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an electric vehicle power supply system that charges and discharges a storage battery for driving an electric vehicle.
  • Electric vehicles Electric Vehicle
  • PHEV Plug-in Hybrid Electric Vehicle
  • electric vehicles as environmentally friendly vehicles that have the feature of low harmful exhaust materials Has been introduced into the market, and electric vehicle power feeding systems for charging / discharging storage batteries for storing electric power for driving vehicles mounted on these electric vehicles are becoming widespread.
  • An electric vehicle power supply system for charging an electric vehicle has a power conversion circuit that outputs charging power for charging a storage battery, and one end of a power cable is connected to the output of the power conversion circuit.
  • a connector is connected to the other end of the power cable, and is used by connecting to a charging inlet provided in the electric vehicle.
  • the power conversion circuit supplies charging power to the storage battery of the electric vehicle via the power cable and the connector, but when discharging from the storage battery of the electric vehicle, the discharge power is supplied to the power conversion circuit contrary to the above. Then, it is supplied to the load in the house through the power conversion circuit.
  • the present invention has been made to solve the above-described problems, and it is possible to prevent the connector from dropping from the charging inlet of the electric vehicle during power transmission, and to park the electric vehicle at a fixed position.
  • An object of the present invention is to provide an electric vehicle power supply system that can reduce the burden and stress on the driver.
  • An electric vehicle power supply system is an electric vehicle power supply system that charges and discharges a storage battery for driving an electric vehicle, and includes an electric power cable that transmits and receives electric power to and from the electric vehicle, Based on a measurement result of the sensor, a connector provided at the end and detachably connected to a charging inlet of the electric vehicle, a sensor disposed in a parking space of the electric vehicle, and measuring a distance from the vehicle body of the electric vehicle
  • a position detection unit that detects whether or not a predetermined portion of the body of the electric vehicle is in a predetermined fixed position range, and a result of detection by the position detection unit that the predetermined portion is not in the fixed position range Includes a notification unit that transmits guidance information for entering the fixed position range to the driver of the electric vehicle.
  • the driver determines the electric vehicle even in a situation where the visibility of the parking space is poor for the driver.
  • the burden and stress at the time of parking at the position can be reduced, and it is possible to prevent the parking position from dropping from the charging inlet of the electric vehicle during power transmission.
  • FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing the configuration of the electric vehicle power feeding system according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
  • An electric vehicle power supply system 1 shown in FIG. 1 supplies charging power to a storage battery 21 that stores electric power for driving a vehicle mounted on an electric vehicle 20 such as an electric vehicle (EV) and a plug-in hybrid vehicle (PHEV). Then, the operation of charging the storage battery 21 is performed.
  • a storage battery 21 that stores electric power for driving a vehicle mounted on an electric vehicle 20 such as an electric vehicle (EV) and a plug-in hybrid vehicle (PHEV).
  • EV electric vehicle
  • PHEV plug-in hybrid vehicle
  • an electric vehicle power feeding system 1 includes a power conversion unit 2, an interface unit (I / F unit) 3, a power cable 4, a connector 5, a system control unit 6, a position detection unit 7, a sensor 8, A notification unit 9 and an operation unit 10 are provided.
  • power for charging is supplied from the power system 11 and supplied to the power conversion unit 2 through the circuit breaker 12.
  • the power conversion unit 2 is controlled in operation by the system control unit 6 and performs AC-DC conversion and DC-DC conversion using the power system 11 as an AC power source to generate DC power suitable for charging the electric vehicle 20. Output to the I / F unit 3.
  • the connector 5 has a form that can be attached to and detached from a charging inlet 22 provided on the vehicle body of the electric vehicle 20, and is connected to the charging inlet 22 so that electric power can be supplied from the electric vehicle power supply system 1 to the electric vehicle 20. Is built. In the electric vehicle 20, electric power is supplied from the charging inlet 22 to the storage battery 21 via a charging circuit (not shown).
  • the electric vehicle power feeding system 1 charges the storage battery 21 of the electric vehicle 20 by supplying the charging power adjusted by the power conversion unit 2 to the electric vehicle 20 via the power cable 4 and the connector 5. be able to.
  • the position detection unit 7 provided in the electric vehicle power feeding system 1 is provided with an electric vehicle 20 to be charged, more specifically, a charging inlet 22 based on a distance measurement result between the sensor 8 and the electric vehicle 20. It is detected whether or not the portion of the vehicle body that is set is within a predetermined position range.
  • the predetermined position range refers to the total length of the power cable 4, the positional relationship between the electric vehicle power feeding system 1 and the electric vehicle 20, the mounting position of the charging inlet 22 in the electric vehicle 20 (depending on the vehicle type), the connector 5. And a specific range determined by the mechanical strength of the connection mechanism of the charging inlet 22, and the external force applied to the connecting portion of the connector 5 and the charging inlet 22 is kept within an allowable range in a state where the connector 5 is connected to the charging inlet 22. Thus, it refers to the parking position range of the electric vehicle 20 where no excessive external force is applied, and is hereinafter referred to as a “fixed position range”.
  • the sensor 8 may be any sensor that can determine the distance from the electric vehicle 20 such as an ultrasonic sensor or an infrared sensor.
  • FIG. 1 shows the electric vehicle 20 as viewed from the side, and shows a configuration in which only the distance measurement in the front-rear direction of the electric vehicle 20 is performed by the sensor 8.
  • the horizontal direction of the electric vehicle 20 can also be defined.
  • the parking space is narrow enough to ignore the deviation in the left-right direction, only the distance measurement in the front-rear direction of the electric vehicle 20 is performed, and only whether the electric vehicle 20 is in the fixed position range in the front-rear direction is detected. It may be configured.
  • the position of the charging inlet 22 of the electric vehicle 20 changes depending on the vehicle type, and the parking direction may have to be reversed, so the fixed position range of the electric vehicle 20 changes depending on the vehicle type.
  • the position information of the charging inlet 22 of the electric vehicle 20 front or back of the vehicle body, right side or left side, etc.
  • vehicle type information are held in the system control unit 6 in advance.
  • the fixed position range may be determined at the stage of installing the electric vehicle power supply system 1. That is, since an appropriate distance (distance where no excessive external force is applied) from the electric vehicle power feeding system 1 to the charging inlet 22 is determined for each vehicle type of the electric vehicle 20, this appropriate distance (having a range) is determined for each vehicle type.
  • the fixed position range may be determined.
  • the position detection unit 7 may determine the fixed position range by itself.
  • the position detection unit 7 is based on the information of the measurement distance 30 by the sensor 8 and the electric vehicle 20 to be charged, more specifically, the vehicle body portion where the charging inlet 22 is provided is not in the fixed position range. In this case, it is detected how much and in which direction it is displaced (hereinafter referred to as “deviation amount”), and information on “deviation amount” is output to the system control unit 6. On the other hand, if it is within the predetermined position range, the “deviation amount” is output to the system control unit 6 as zero.
  • the system control unit 6 is roughly divided into three functions.
  • the first function is to notify the notification unit 9 of instruction information on how the driver 23 should operate the electric vehicle 20 based on the “deviation amount” information of the electric vehicle 20 output from the position detection unit 7. Tell. For example, the operation details necessary to approach the fixed position range are communicated, such as whether to move forward, reverse, move to the right, move to the left, a combination of these, and the amount of operation. .
  • the second function of the system control unit 6 accepts instructions related to the operation mode of the electric vehicle power supply system 1 such as an instruction from the user via the operation unit 10, for example, start and end of a charging operation, designation of a charge amount, and the like.
  • the user refers to the user of the electric vehicle power feeding system 1, and may or may not be common with the driver 23.
  • the user connects the connector 5 to the charging inlet 22 and charges, for example, via the operation unit 10.
  • the electric signal necessary for controlling the AC-DC conversion and the DC-DC conversion of the power conversion unit 2 is output, and a predetermined DC power is generated.
  • the storage battery 21 is charged.
  • the notification unit 9 transmits the guidance information 40 to the driver 23 who operates the electric vehicle 20 based on the instruction information given from the system control unit 6 so that the electric vehicle 20 can park in the fixed position range. Then, a guidance instruction is given in a direction to reduce the deviation amount.
  • FIG. 2 shows a case where the electric vehicle 20 and the electric vehicle power feeding system 1 are looked down from above, and shows a case where the front-rear direction and the left-right direction are defined as the fixed position range.
  • a front / rear fixed position range 31 and a left / right fixed position range 32 are defined as fixed position ranges that are parking targets of the electric vehicle 20, and two sensors 8 a and 8 b are used.
  • the sensor 8a is installed to measure the measurement distance 30a in the front-rear direction to the electric vehicle 20
  • the sensor 8b is installed to measure the measurement distance 30b in the left-right direction to the electric vehicle 20.
  • Information on the measurement distance 30a by the sensor 8a and information on the measurement distance 30b by the sensor 8b are input to the position detection unit 7, and the amount of deviation in the left-right direction and the front-rear direction from the fixed position range is detected.
  • the electric vehicle 20 does not reach the front-rear position position range 31 in the front-rear direction, and the measurement distance 30 a is within the target front-rear position position range 31.
  • the position detection unit 7 detects that a deviation has occurred on the front side of the electric vehicle 20 in the front-rear direction, and determines the amount of deviation. Input to the system controller 6.
  • the measurement distance 30b includes the side portion of the electric vehicle 20 in the target left-right fixed position range 32, and the position detection unit 7 detects that no deviation occurs in the left-right direction, and the deviation amount is zero. Is input to the system control unit 6.
  • the system control unit 6 informs the notification unit 9 that the electric vehicle 20 is in a situation where it should go straight back, based on the information on the amount of deviation from the position detection unit 7.
  • the notification unit 9 transmits the guidance information 40 to the driver 23 who operates the electric vehicle 20 and instructs the driver 23 to reduce the amount of deviation in the front-rear direction.
  • FIG. 3 it is possible to realize a state in which the back surface portion and the side surface portion where the charging inlet 22 of the electric vehicle 20 exists are within the front-rear fixed position range 31 and the left-right fixed position range 32, respectively.
  • FIG. 4 is a flowchart showing a series of operation flows from the arrival of the electric vehicle 20 to the completion of charging when charging is performed using the electric vehicle power supply system 1.
  • the electric vehicle power supply system 1 detects the vehicle, and induction by the electric vehicle power supply system 1 is started (step S2). This is because the electric vehicle power supply system 1 constantly monitors the vicinity of the parking space with an ultrasonic monitor or the like, so that the vehicle can be automatically detected.
  • vehicle type information is stored in the electric vehicle power supply system 1 in advance, but when the vehicle using this system is not a vehicle that matches the vehicle type information stored in advance, guidance is automatically started. Therefore, prior to use, guidance is started by inputting vehicle type information via the operation unit.
  • the driver 23 receives guidance from the electric vehicle power feeding system 1 and moves the electric vehicle 20 forward or backward to enter the parking space. According to the guidance, the driver 23 moves the electric vehicle 20 forward, backward and laterally. Then, the electric vehicle 20 is stopped within the fixed position range (step S3).
  • step S4 the connector 5 is connected to the charging inlet 22 (step S4), and charging is started by starting the charging operation via the operation unit 10 (step S5), and a predetermined amount of power is supplied to the storage battery 21 of the electric vehicle 20. Is charged, the charging is finished (step 6).
  • step S3 a specific example of the guidance operation by the electric vehicle power feeding system 1 in step S3 will be described.
  • FIG. 5 is a diagram for explaining an example of the induction operation of the electric vehicle power feeding system 1 in the charging mode described with reference to FIG. 2, and the horizontal axis indicates the “deviation amount” in the front-rear direction based on the measurement distance 30 a by the sensor 8 a, The vertical axis represents the “deviation amount” in the left-right direction based on the measurement distance 30b by the sensor 8b.
  • the “deviation amount” in the front-rear direction is zero.
  • the “deviation amount” indicates a front deviation, for example, a positive value, and conversely, when the measurement distance 30a is smaller than the value in the front / rear fixed position range 31.
  • the “deviation amount” is a negative value indicating a rear deviation.
  • the measurement distance 30b is within the left-right fixed position range 32, the “deviation amount” in the left-right direction is zero.
  • the “deviation amount” indicates a right shift, for example, a positive value, and conversely, when the measurement distance 30 b is smaller than the value in the left and right fixed position range 32.
  • the “deviation amount” is a negative value indicating a left deviation.
  • FIG. 5 shows a case where the “deviation amount” in the left-right direction is zero and the “deviation amount” exists in the front-rear direction, and the start of a circle indicating the intersection of the measurement distance 30a at the start and the measurement distance 30b.
  • the position 33 is guided to the end position 34 of the double circle in the region where the “deviation amount” in the left-right direction and the front-rear direction is zero.
  • FIG. 6 is a diagram illustrating another example of the induction operation of the electric vehicle power feeding system 1 in the charging mode described with reference to FIG. 2, and illustrates a case where there is a “deviation amount” in both the front-rear direction and the left-right direction. More specifically, it shows a situation where a forward shift and a right shift are combined.
  • the start position 33 of the circle indicating the intersection of the measurement distance 30a at the start and the measurement distance 30b is represented by a double circle in the region where the “deviation amount” in the horizontal direction and the front-rear direction is zero. It will guide to the end position 34.
  • FIG. 7 is a block diagram showing an example of the configuration of the notification unit 9 in the electric vehicle power feeding system 1.
  • the audio file reproduction unit 9a accesses the audio file memory unit 9b, and an audio signal obtained by reproducing the audio file necessary for the current situation is sent to the amplification unit 9c. Output.
  • the amplifying unit 9c drives the speaker 9d (sound emitting unit) with the audio signal to output the guidance audio 40a, and informs the driver 23 of the necessary operation content.
  • an audio file stored in the audio file memory unit 9b for example, in addition to voices of basic operations such as a reverse instruction, a forward instruction, a right alignment instruction, a left alignment instruction, a deceleration instruction, a stop instruction, etc., a combination of these can be used. Examples include an instruction, a left-justified backward instruction, a right-justified forward instruction, and a left-justified forward instruction. In addition, a voice is also prepared to call attention when the driver 23 has operated too much in response to the guidance instruction.
  • the notification unit 9 reproduces a voice “Please back”.
  • the driver 23 hears this and the “deviation amount” in the front-rear direction decreases to near zero, it switches to voice playback “Please reduce the speed”, and the “deviation amount” in the front-rear direction becomes zero. In such a situation, it is switched to the voice reproduction “Please stop” and guided to a predetermined target position.
  • the position detection unit 7 not only detects the “deviation amount” based on the distance information measured by the sensors 8a and 8b, but also detects a temporal change of the deviation amount, that is, a speed by measuring the passage of time. If the electric vehicle 20 has a function and the speed of the electric vehicle 20 is too high, an instruction to accelerate deceleration is also given. Moreover, the stop of the electric vehicle 20 can be detected by detecting the speed.
  • the sound speed is 340 m / s, so that the distance information update cycle can be set to about 20 msec, for example, when measuring a distance of 3 m back and forth.
  • the vehicle moves about 14 cm per second. Therefore, if the update cycle is 20 msec, the moving distance for each update cycle is about 3 mm. For this reason, the update of the distance information is not in time for the movement of the vehicle, but more direct instructions such as “back”, “deceleration”, “stop”, “ “Too low”, “Advance”, etc. can be considered.
  • the notification unit 9 performs a sound reproduction “Please stop” and confirms the stop. After that, the voice reproduction “Please move forward and move to the left” is performed to prompt the re-execution of the parking operation, and the “displacement amount” in the horizontal direction based on the measurement distance 30b by the operation of the driver 23 who heard it.
  • the value becomes zero switch to voice playback that says “Please back”, and when the “deviation amount” in the front-rear direction decreases to near zero, switch to voice playback that says “Please reduce the speed”.
  • switching to the voice reproduction “please stop” is performed, and the target is guided to a predetermined position.
  • the stop is instructed in the same manner as described above, the correction in the opposite direction is instructed, and the target predetermined position It is guided to (position where the “deviation amount” becomes zero) and stopped. In this way, guidance by voice is easy for the driver to understand.
  • FIG. 8 is a block diagram showing another example of the configuration of the notification unit 9 in the electric vehicle power feeding system 1.
  • the electronic sound file reproduction unit 9e accesses the electronic sound file memory unit 9f to amplify the audio signal that is reproduced from the electronic sound file necessary for the situation at that time.
  • the amplifying unit 9c drives the speaker 9d with an audio signal to output a guidance sound 40b, and informs the driver 23 of necessary operation contents.
  • the electronic sound stored in the electronic sound file memory unit 9f includes three major sound elements so that basic operations such as a reverse instruction, a forward instruction, a right alignment instruction, a left alignment instruction, a deceleration instruction, and a stop instruction can be clearly distinguished. An electronic sound in which a certain “size”, “height”, and “timbre” are changed, and an electronic sound in which these are changed with time, can be considered.
  • the “size” is determined by the amplitude
  • the “height” is determined by the frequency
  • the “time change” is applied to the amplitude.
  • FIG. 9 shows definitions of six basic sounds, Sound 1 to Sound 6, as examples in which a guidance instruction is given by a combination of sound “volume”, “height”, and “time change”.
  • the “back instruction” is represented by a sound 1 having a frequency F1 and an amplitude A1
  • the “forward instruction” is represented by a sound 2 having a frequency F2 and an amplitude A2
  • the “right-justification instruction” is represented by a frequency.
  • F3 is represented by a sound 3 having an amplitude A3
  • “Left alignment instruction” is represented by a sound 4 having a frequency F4 and an amplitude A4
  • “Stop instruction” is represented by a sound 5 having a frequency F5 and an amplitude A5.
  • the “instruction” is represented by a sound 6 having a frequency F6 and an amplitude A6.
  • the vehicle moves greatly in the front-rear direction, and the movement in the left-right direction is relatively small.
  • On / Off is applied.
  • the sound 1 is turned on / off, the on / off cycle is shortened as the deviation amount becomes smaller, and the on state is maintained when entering the range of the deviation amount zero (on / off). It may be so short that the off cycle cannot be identified), and then the sound is switched to the stop instruction sound 5.
  • the “tone” is determined by the fundamental tone + harmonic tone, for example, if the relationship between the frequency F1 of the tone 1 and the frequency F3 of the tone 3 is a relationship between the fundamental tone and the harmonics, if the tone 3 is superimposed on the tone 1, Compared to the case of sound 1 alone, it is recognized as a difference in “timbre”. If sound 4 is set to have an amplitude and frequency different from those of sound 3, the timbre changes depending on the superposition of sound 1 and sound 3 and superposition of sound 1 and sound 4, and the difference between left and right alignment is expressed. .
  • FIG. 10 is a block diagram showing still another example of the configuration of the notification unit 9 in the electric vehicle power feeding system 1.
  • the dimming control unit 9g Based on the guidance instruction information output from the system control unit 6, the dimming control unit 9g generates and outputs a dimming signal, and the driving unit 9h Drives the light emitting unit 9i based on the dimming signal.
  • the light emitting unit 9i has a light emitter such as a full-color LED, for example, and transmits necessary operation contents to the driver 23 by the guide light emitted from the light emitter.
  • the three elements of light “hue”, “brightness”, “saturation”, can be clearly distinguished from basic operations such as reverse, forward, right justify, left justify, decelerate, and stop.
  • the light which changed the degree and the light which gave these time change can be considered.
  • the light emitting unit 9i has three light emitters 9i1, 9i2 and 9i3.
  • the light emitter 9i1 instructs left alignment
  • the light emitter 9i3 instructs right alignment
  • the light emitter 9i2 is front and rear. Lights when instructing to move and stop in the direction.
  • the “back instruction” is used as the “deceleration instruction” by causing the light emitter 9i2 to blink green and the blinking period to become shorter as the deviation amount becomes smaller.
  • the “stop instruction” is expressed by changing the light emitting body 9i2 from green blinking cycle shortened state to blue lighting.
  • the “advance instruction” is used as the “deceleration instruction” by causing the light emitter 9i2 to blink red and the blinking period to become shorter as the deviation amount becomes smaller.
  • the light emitter 9i1 when instructing the back while moving to the left, that is, when performing the “left alignment instruction” and the “back instruction”, the light emitter 9i1 is turned on and simultaneously the light emitter 9i2 blinks in green.
  • the light emitters 9i1, 9i2, and 9i3 are all lit red to prompt a retry.
  • the full-color LED can reproduce almost infinite colors by combining the colors of R (red), G (green), and B (blue), which changes the “hue”, “lightness”, and “saturation”. Corresponds to light.
  • Such guidance by light makes it possible to provide guidance information even in situations where it is difficult to transmit information by sound.
  • guidance by voice or electronic sound is also performed, so that the effect of transmitting necessary operation contents to the driver 23 can be improved.
  • the guidance information for parking the electric vehicle at a fixed position is transmitted from the electric vehicle power supply system 1 to the driver, so that the driver 23 can recognize the parking space even when the driver has poor visibility of the parking space. It is possible to reduce the burden and stress when parking the electric vehicle 20 at a fixed position, and it is possible to prevent the parking position from dropping the connector 5 from the charging inlet 22 of the electric vehicle 20 during power transmission.
  • the notification unit 9 includes a perceptual signal generating unit such as a speaker or a full color LED, and humans such as sound and light generated by the perceptual signal generating unit can be perceived.
  • the driver 23 perceives guidance information based on various perceptual signals.
  • the notification unit 9 may not be provided with a perceptual signal generation unit, but the notification information may be output from the notification unit 9 as a communication wave via the communication wave output unit.
  • FIG. 11 is a block diagram showing a configuration of a notification unit 9A according to a modification of the first embodiment.
  • the audio file reproduction unit 9a accesses the audio file memory unit 9b, and the audio signal obtained by reproducing the audio file necessary for the current situation is sent to the modulation unit 9j.
  • the audio signal is applied to the antenna unit 9k (communication wave output unit), output as a radio wave from the antenna unit 9k, and the guidance information communication 40d is performed on the electric vehicle 20.
  • the radio wave is received by the audio video terminal 24 with a receiving function such as a smartphone or a car navigation device mounted on the vehicle, demodulated, and the necessary operation content is transmitted to the driver 23 as a guided voice 40e.
  • the driver 23 since the driver 23 receives the guidance information directly from the audio video terminal 24 with a receiving function mounted on the electric vehicle 20 in the vehicle compartment, the driver 23 is not influenced by external factors.
  • the guidance information can be transmitted reliably.
  • FIG. 11 although the structure which performs the guidance information communication 40d using a radio wave is shown, if it is wireless communication, it will not be limited to this, In addition, infrared communication, visible light communication, a telephone line is used. Wireless communication or the like may be used. Moreover, although the structure which conveys an audio
  • FIG. 12 is a block diagram showing a configuration of the electric vehicle power feeding system according to the second embodiment of the present invention.
  • An electric vehicle power supply system 1A shown in FIG. 12 has a configuration in which a vehicle type determination unit 13 is added to the configuration of the electric vehicle power supply system 1 of the first embodiment shown in FIG.
  • the vehicle type determination unit 13 captures an image of the front or rear portion of the electric vehicle 20 entering the parking space, determines the vehicle type based on the captured image, and gives the determination result to the position detection unit 7.
  • the position detection unit 7 selects a fixed position range that matches the vehicle type, and the guidance operation of the electric vehicle 20 is executed based on the selected fixed position range.
  • movement etc. are the same as Embodiment 1, description is abbreviate
  • the electric vehicle power supply system 1 assumes a system in which a vehicle using the system is fixed, for example, installed in a home, but the electric vehicle power supply system 1A has a vehicle to be used fixed.
  • a system provided in a public space is assumed, and the vehicle determination unit 13 automatically determines the vehicle type. Therefore, before entering the parking space, the vehicle type of the electric vehicle 20 is determined via the operation unit 10. The work to be input becomes unnecessary, and the burden on the driver 23 or the user accompanying the work can be reduced.
  • the electric vehicle power supply system 1A may be used as a home system.
  • FIG. 13 is a block diagram illustrating an example of the configuration of the vehicle type determination unit 13.
  • the vehicle type determination unit 13 includes an imaging unit 13a, an image analysis unit 13b, and an electric vehicle feature holding unit 13c, and takes a digital image of the front part or rear part of the electric vehicle 20 entering the parking space in the imaging unit 13a. Then, the image data of the photographed digital image is input to the image analysis unit 13b, and the image analysis unit 13b matches the input image data with the feature information previously stored (stored) in the electric vehicle feature holding unit 13c. The matching state is checked, the vehicle type of the electric vehicle 20 is determined, and the determination result is output to the position detection unit 7 (or the system control unit 6).
  • FIG. 14 is a conceptual diagram illustrating an example of a determination operation in the vehicle type determination unit 13.
  • the captured image of the electric vehicle 20 is shown on the left side as viewed in the drawing, and the electric vehicle feature information A and the electric vehicle feature information B held in the electric vehicle feature holding unit 13c are shown as the right side as viewed in the drawing. Is shown as an edge image.
  • the image analysis unit 13b performs edge detection of the captured image, simplifies and extracts features of the captured image, and compares them with the electric vehicle feature information A and the electric vehicle feature information B to identify a highly consistent vehicle type. .
  • the vehicle in the captured image is determined to be a vehicle that provided the electric vehicle feature information A, and the vehicle type information (vehicle Name, manufacturer name, model, year, etc.) are output to the position detector 7 (or system controller 6).
  • the feature information of the front part and the rear part is prepared for each vehicle type, and the vehicle type regardless of which side of the electric vehicle 20 enters the parking space.
  • the vehicle front-rear direction can be grasped in order to guide the charging inlet 22 side required for power feeding to a predetermined position.
  • Edge detection of a captured image is a conventional technique, and for example, an edge image can be obtained by detecting an edge by first-order differentiation of an input image using a Sobel filter. Also, edge detection using the same first derivative includes edge detection using a Prewitt filter, and edge detection using a second derivative includes edge detection using a Laplacian filter. Is also a well-known technique.
  • pattern matching may be used for matching between the edge image of the captured image created by edge detection and the electric vehicle feature information, and template matching that searches for a specific image called a template from the target image is used. This is more efficient than matching all target images.
  • the template matching similarity calculation method includes the SSD (Sum of Squared Difference) method, which uses the sum of the squares of the pixel values of the target image and the template, and the normalized cross-correlation of images.
  • SSD Sud of Squared Difference
  • NCC Normalized Cross-Correlation
  • ZNCC Zero-mean Normalized Cross-Correlation
  • the vehicle type determination unit 13 automatically determines the vehicle type of the electric vehicle 20 to be supplied, so that the operation is performed before entering the parking space.
  • work which inputs the vehicle type of the electric vehicle 20 via the part 10 becomes unnecessary, and can reduce the burden of the driver

Abstract

The present invention relates to an electric vehicle power supply system. The electric vehicle power supply system of the present invention is provided with: a power cable for transferring power between the electric vehicle power supply system and an electric vehicle; a connector provided at an end of the power cable and removably connected to a charging inlet of the electric vehicle; a sensor disposed in a parking space for the electric vehicle and measuring the distance between the body of the electric vehicle and the electric vehicle power supply system; a position detection unit for detecting, on the basis of the measurement result of the sensor, whether a predetermined portion of the body of the electric vehicle is in a predetermined fixed location area or not; and a notification unit for, when, as a result of the detection by the position detection unit, the predetermined portion is not in the fixed location area, transmitting guidance information for guiding the predetermined portion into the fixed location area to the driver of the electric vehicle.

Description

電気自動車給電システムElectric vehicle power supply system
　本発明は電動車両の駆動のための蓄電池の充放電を行う電気自動車給電システムに関する。 The present invention relates to an electric vehicle power supply system that charges and discharges a storage battery for driving an electric vehicle.
　有害排気物質が少ないという特長を有する環境配慮型の自動車として、電気自動車(ＥＶ：Electric Vehicle)、プラグインハイブリッド自動車(ＰＨＥＶ：Plug-in Hybrid Electric Vehicle)などの車両（以下、電動車両と総称）が市場に導入され、これら電動車両に搭載されている車両駆動のための電力を蓄電する蓄電池の充放電を行う電気自動車給電システムの普及が進んでいる。 Vehicles such as electric vehicles (EV: Electric Vehicle) and plug-in hybrid vehicles (PHEV: Plug-in Hybrid Electric Vehicle) (hereinafter collectively referred to as electric vehicles) as environmentally friendly vehicles that have the feature of low harmful exhaust materials Has been introduced into the market, and electric vehicle power feeding systems for charging / discharging storage batteries for storing electric power for driving vehicles mounted on these electric vehicles are becoming widespread.
　電動車両を充電する電気自動車給電システムは、蓄電池を充電するための充電電力を出力する電力変換回路を有し、電力変換回路の出力には電力ケーブルの一端が接続されている。一方、この電力ケーブルの他端にはコネクタが接続されており、電動車両に設けられた充電インレットに接続して使用される。電力変換回路は電力ケーブルおよびコネクタを介して、電動車両の蓄電池に充電電力を供給するが、電動車両の蓄電池から放電する場合には、放電電力が上記とは逆に電力変換回路に向けて供給され、電力変換回路を介して住宅内負荷等に向けて供給される。 An electric vehicle power supply system for charging an electric vehicle has a power conversion circuit that outputs charging power for charging a storage battery, and one end of a power cable is connected to the output of the power conversion circuit. On the other hand, a connector is connected to the other end of the power cable, and is used by connecting to a charging inlet provided in the electric vehicle. The power conversion circuit supplies charging power to the storage battery of the electric vehicle via the power cable and the connector, but when discharging from the storage battery of the electric vehicle, the discharge power is supplied to the power conversion circuit contrary to the above. Then, it is supplied to the load in the house through the power conversion circuit.
　このように、電気自動車給電システムと電動車両との間では、電力ケーブルおよびコネクタを介して電力の授受を行うが、当該電力ケーブルおよびコネクタに過度の外力が掛かった場合には、充放電動作中に電動車両の充電インレットからコネクタが脱落する可能性があるので、例えば特許文献１に開示されるように、電動車両が予め決められた定位置にある場合には充放電動作を許可し、電動車両が定位置にない場合には充放電動作を禁止するように、電気自動車給電システムを構成する提案がなされている。 As described above, power is exchanged between the electric vehicle power feeding system and the electric vehicle via the power cable and the connector, and when an excessive external force is applied to the power cable and the connector, the charging / discharging operation is being performed. Since the connector may fall off from the charging inlet of the electric vehicle, the charging / discharging operation is permitted when the electric vehicle is at a predetermined position as disclosed in Patent Document 1, for example. Proposals have been made to configure an electric vehicle power supply system so that charging and discharging operations are prohibited when the vehicle is not in a fixed position.
特開２０１４－１９２９９３号公報JP 2014-192993 A
　しかし、充放電動作中に電動車両の充電インレットからコネクタが脱落しないように、電動車両を定位置に駐車させるためには、運転者によっては負担とストレスを感じるという課題があった。 However, in order to park the electric vehicle at a fixed position so that the connector does not fall off from the charging inlet of the electric vehicle during the charge / discharge operation, there is a problem that some drivers feel burden and stress.
　本発明は上記のような問題を解決するためになされたものであり、電力伝送中に電動車両の充電インレットからコネクタが脱落することを防止できると共に、電動車両を定位置に駐車させる際の、運転者の負担とストレスを軽減できる電気自動車給電システムを提供することを目的とする。 The present invention has been made to solve the above-described problems, and it is possible to prevent the connector from dropping from the charging inlet of the electric vehicle during power transmission, and to park the electric vehicle at a fixed position. An object of the present invention is to provide an electric vehicle power supply system that can reduce the burden and stress on the driver.
　本発明に係る電気自動車給電システムは、電動車両の駆動のための蓄電池の充放電を行う電気自動車給電システムであって、電動車両との間での電力の授受を行う電力ケーブルと、電力ケーブルの端部に設けられ、電動車両の充電インレットに着脱可能に接続されるコネクタと、電動車両の駐車スペースに配置され、電動車両の車体との距離を測定するセンサと、センサによる測定結果に基づいて、電動車両の車体の所定部分が、予め定めた定位置範囲に入っているか否かを検出する位置検出部と、位置検出部での検出の結果、所定部分が定位置範囲に入っていない場合には、定位置範囲に入れるための誘導情報を電動車両の運転者に伝達する通知部と、を備えている。 An electric vehicle power supply system according to the present invention is an electric vehicle power supply system that charges and discharges a storage battery for driving an electric vehicle, and includes an electric power cable that transmits and receives electric power to and from the electric vehicle, Based on a measurement result of the sensor, a connector provided at the end and detachably connected to a charging inlet of the electric vehicle, a sensor disposed in a parking space of the electric vehicle, and measuring a distance from the vehicle body of the electric vehicle A position detection unit that detects whether or not a predetermined portion of the body of the electric vehicle is in a predetermined fixed position range, and a result of detection by the position detection unit that the predetermined portion is not in the fixed position range Includes a notification unit that transmits guidance information for entering the fixed position range to the driver of the electric vehicle.
　本発明に係る電気自動車給電システムによれば、通知部から誘導情報を電動車両の運転者に伝達することで、運転者にとって駐車スペースの視認性が悪い状況においても、運転者が電動車両を定位置に駐車させる際の負担とストレスを軽減できると共に、電力伝送中に電動車両の充電インレットからコネクタが脱落するような駐車位置となることを防止できる。 According to the electric vehicle power feeding system of the present invention, by transmitting the guidance information from the notification unit to the driver of the electric vehicle, the driver determines the electric vehicle even in a situation where the visibility of the parking space is poor for the driver. The burden and stress at the time of parking at the position can be reduced, and it is possible to prevent the parking position from dropping from the charging inlet of the electric vehicle during power transmission.
本発明に係る実施の形態１の電気自動車給電システムの構成を示すブロック図である。It is a block diagram which shows the structure of the electric vehicle electric power feeding system of Embodiment 1 which concerns on this invention. 本発明に係る実施の形態１の電気自動車給電システムの誘導動作を説明するための俯瞰図である。It is an overhead view for demonstrating the induction | guidance | derivation operation | movement of the electric vehicle electric power feeding system of Embodiment 1 which concerns on this invention. 本発明に係る実施の形態１の電気自動車給電システムの誘導動作を説明するための俯瞰図である。It is an overhead view for demonstrating the induction | guidance | derivation operation | movement of the electric vehicle electric power feeding system of Embodiment 1 which concerns on this invention. 電動車両の到着から充電完了までの一連の動作フローを示すフローチャートである。It is a flowchart which shows a series of operation | movement flows from the arrival of an electric vehicle to completion of charge. 本発明に係る実施の形態１の電気自動車給電システムにおける誘導動作を説明する図である。It is a figure explaining the induction | guidance | derivation operation | movement in the electric vehicle electric power feeding system of Embodiment 1 which concerns on this invention. 本発明に係る実施の形態１の電気自動車給電システムにおける誘導動作を説明する図である。It is a figure explaining the induction | guidance | derivation operation | movement in the electric vehicle electric power feeding system of Embodiment 1 which concerns on this invention. 本発明に係る実施の形態１の電気自動車給電システムにおける通知部の構成を示すブロック図である。It is a block diagram which shows the structure of the notification part in the electric vehicle electric power feeding system of Embodiment 1 which concerns on this invention. 本発明に係る実施の形態１の電気自動車給電システムにおける通知部の他の構成を示すブロック図である。It is a block diagram which shows the other structure of the notification part in the electric vehicle electric power feeding system of Embodiment 1 which concerns on this invention. 電子音による誘導情報を説明する図である。It is a figure explaining the guidance information by an electronic sound. 本発明に係る実施の形態１の電気自動車給電システムにおける通知部の他の構成を示すブロック図である。It is a block diagram which shows the other structure of the notification part in the electric vehicle electric power feeding system of Embodiment 1 which concerns on this invention. 本発明に係る実施の形態１の電気自動車給電システムの変形例における通知部の構成を示すブロック図である。It is a block diagram which shows the structure of the notification part in the modification of the electric vehicle electric power feeding system of Embodiment 1 which concerns on this invention. 本発明に係る実施の形態２の電気自動車給電システムの構成を示すブロック図である。It is a block diagram which shows the structure of the electric vehicle electric power feeding system of Embodiment 2 which concerns on this invention. 本発明に係る実施の形態２の電気自動車給電システムにおける車種判定部の構成を示すブロック図である。It is a block diagram which shows the structure of the vehicle type determination part in the electric vehicle electric power feeding system of Embodiment 2 which concerns on this invention. 本発明に係る実施の形態２の電気自動車給電システムにおける車種判定部における車種判定動作を説明する図である。It is a figure explaining the vehicle type determination operation | movement in the vehicle type determination part in the electric vehicle electric power feeding system of Embodiment 2 which concerns on this invention.
　（実施の形態１）
　　＜システム構成＞
　図１は、本発明に係る実施の形態１の電気自動車給電システムの構成を示すブロック図である。図１に示す電気自動車給電システム１は、電気自動車（ＥＶ）およびプラグインハイブリッド車（ＰＨＥＶ）などの電動車両２０に搭載されている車両駆動のための電力を蓄電する蓄電池２１に充電電力を供給して蓄電池２１を充電する動作を行う。なお、蓄電池２１から放電して電気自動車給電システム１側へ電力を供給する場合もあり得るが、以下では説明の簡便化のために蓄電池２１への充電動作の場合について述べる。 (Embodiment 1)
<System configuration>
FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing the configuration of the electric vehicle power feeding system according to the first embodiment of the present invention. An electric vehicle power supply system 1 shown in FIG. 1 supplies charging power to a storage battery 21 that stores electric power for driving a vehicle mounted on an electric vehicle 20 such as an electric vehicle (EV) and a plug-in hybrid vehicle (PHEV). Then, the operation of charging the storage battery 21 is performed. In addition, although there may be a case where electric power is supplied from the storage battery 21 to the electric vehicle power supply system 1 side, a case of charging operation to the storage battery 21 will be described below for the sake of simplicity of explanation.
　図１に示されるように、電気自動車給電システム１は、電力変換部２、インターフェース部（Ｉ／Ｆ部）３、電力ケーブル４、コネクタ５、システム制御部６、位置検出部７、センサ８、通知部９および操作部１０を備えている。また、充電のための電力は電力系統１１から供給され、遮断器１２を介して電力変換部２に与えられる。 As shown in FIG. 1, an electric vehicle power feeding system 1 includes a power conversion unit 2, an interface unit (I / F unit) 3, a power cable 4, a connector 5, a system control unit 6, a position detection unit 7, a sensor 8, A notification unit 9 and an operation unit 10 are provided. In addition, power for charging is supplied from the power system 11 and supplied to the power conversion unit 2 through the circuit breaker 12.
　電力変換部２は、システム制御部６によって動作を制御され、電力系統１１を交流電源として交流－直流変換および直流－直流変換を行って、電動車両２０の充電に適した直流電力を生成してＩ／Ｆ部３に出力する。 The power conversion unit 2 is controlled in operation by the system control unit 6 and performs AC-DC conversion and DC-DC conversion using the power system 11 as an AC power source to generate DC power suitable for charging the electric vehicle 20. Output to the I / F unit 3.
　Ｉ／Ｆ部３には電力ケーブル４の一端が接続されており、電力ケーブル４の他端にはコネクタ５が設けられている。コネクタ５は電動車両２０の車体に設けられた充電インレット２２に着脱可能な形態を有し、充電インレット２２に接続されることで、電気自動車給電システム１から電動車両２０へ電力供給が可能な状態が構築される。なお、電動車両２０内部では充電インレット２２から充電回路（図示省略）を介して蓄電池２１に電力が供給される。 One end of a power cable 4 is connected to the I / F unit 3, and a connector 5 is provided on the other end of the power cable 4. The connector 5 has a form that can be attached to and detached from a charging inlet 22 provided on the vehicle body of the electric vehicle 20, and is connected to the charging inlet 22 so that electric power can be supplied from the electric vehicle power supply system 1 to the electric vehicle 20. Is built. In the electric vehicle 20, electric power is supplied from the charging inlet 22 to the storage battery 21 via a charging circuit (not shown).
　このように、電気自動車給電システム１は、電力変換部２によって調整された充電電力を、電力ケーブル４、コネクタ５を介して電動車両２０に供給することにより、電動車両２０の蓄電池２１を充電することができる。 As described above, the electric vehicle power feeding system 1 charges the storage battery 21 of the electric vehicle 20 by supplying the charging power adjusted by the power conversion unit 2 to the electric vehicle 20 via the power cable 4 and the connector 5. be able to.
　電気自動車給電システム１に設けられた位置検出部７は、センサ８による電動車両２０との間の距離測定結果に基づいて、充電対象となる電動車両２０、より具体的には充電インレット２２が設けられている車体の部分が、予め定められた位置範囲にあるか否かを検出する。 The position detection unit 7 provided in the electric vehicle power feeding system 1 is provided with an electric vehicle 20 to be charged, more specifically, a charging inlet 22 based on a distance measurement result between the sensor 8 and the electric vehicle 20. It is detected whether or not the portion of the vehicle body that is set is within a predetermined position range.
　ここで、予め定められた位置範囲とは、電力ケーブル４の全長、電気自動車給電システム１と電動車両２０との位置関係、電動車両２０における充電インレット２２の取り付け位置（車種によって異なる）、コネクタ５と充電インレット２２の接続機構の機械的強度などから決まる特定の範囲であり、コネクタ５を充電インレット２２に接続した状態で、コネクタ５と充電インレット２２の接続部分にかかる外力を許容範囲内に抑えることで、過度な外力が掛かることのない電動車両２０の駐車の位置範囲のことであり、以下、「定位置範囲」と呼称する。なお、センサ８としては、超音波センサ、赤外線センサなど、電動車両２０との距離が求まるものであれば良い。 Here, the predetermined position range refers to the total length of the power cable 4, the positional relationship between the electric vehicle power feeding system 1 and the electric vehicle 20, the mounting position of the charging inlet 22 in the electric vehicle 20 (depending on the vehicle type), the connector 5. And a specific range determined by the mechanical strength of the connection mechanism of the charging inlet 22, and the external force applied to the connecting portion of the connector 5 and the charging inlet 22 is kept within an allowable range in a state where the connector 5 is connected to the charging inlet 22. Thus, it refers to the parking position range of the electric vehicle 20 where no excessive external force is applied, and is hereinafter referred to as a “fixed position range”. The sensor 8 may be any sensor that can determine the distance from the electric vehicle 20 such as an ultrasonic sensor or an infrared sensor.
　なお、図１では電動車両２０を側面から見た場合として図示しており、センサ８によって電動車両２０の前後方向の距離測定のみを実施している構成を示しているが、定位置範囲としては電動車両２０の左右方向についても規定することができる。なお、左右方向のずれを無視できるような狭い駐車スペースであれば、電動車両２０の前後方向の距離測定のみを実施し、電動車両２０が前後方向の定位置範囲に入っているかのみを検出する構成でも良い。 FIG. 1 shows the electric vehicle 20 as viewed from the side, and shows a configuration in which only the distance measurement in the front-rear direction of the electric vehicle 20 is performed by the sensor 8. The horizontal direction of the electric vehicle 20 can also be defined. In addition, if the parking space is narrow enough to ignore the deviation in the left-right direction, only the distance measurement in the front-rear direction of the electric vehicle 20 is performed, and only whether the electric vehicle 20 is in the fixed position range in the front-rear direction is detected. It may be configured.
　一方、電動車両２０の充電インレット２２の位置は車種によって変わり、駐車する向きを前後逆にしなければならない場合もあるので、電動車両２０の定位置範囲は車種によって変わることとなる。これに対しては、予め、車種ごとに、電動車両２０の充電インレット２２の位置情報（車体の前面か背面か、右寄りか左寄りか等）および車種情報をシステム制御部６に保持させておくことで、車種に合わせて定位置範囲を変更し、電気自動車給電システム１から見ての適切な誘導方向を決定することができる。 On the other hand, the position of the charging inlet 22 of the electric vehicle 20 changes depending on the vehicle type, and the parking direction may have to be reversed, so the fixed position range of the electric vehicle 20 changes depending on the vehicle type. For this, for each vehicle type, the position information of the charging inlet 22 of the electric vehicle 20 (front or back of the vehicle body, right side or left side, etc.) and vehicle type information are held in the system control unit 6 in advance. Thus, it is possible to change the fixed position range according to the vehicle type, and to determine an appropriate guidance direction as viewed from the electric vehicle power supply system 1.
　なお、定位置範囲を定めるのは電気自動車給電システム１を設置する段階で行えば良い。すなわち、電動車両２０の車種ごとに電気自動車給電システム１から充電インレット２２までの妥当な距離（過度な外力が掛からない距離）は決まっているので、この妥当な距離（範囲を有する）を車種ごとに定位置範囲として決めれば良い。 The fixed position range may be determined at the stage of installing the electric vehicle power supply system 1. That is, since an appropriate distance (distance where no excessive external force is applied) from the electric vehicle power feeding system 1 to the charging inlet 22 is determined for each vehicle type of the electric vehicle 20, this appropriate distance (having a range) is determined for each vehicle type. The fixed position range may be determined.
　この作業は、電動車両２０の駐車スペースにおいてセンサ８の設置位置を決めた後、操作部１０を介して所定の操作をすることで、電気自動車給電システム１内の記憶装置（図示省略）に保持された車種ごとの充電インレット２２の位置情報に基づいて、位置検出部７が自ら定位置範囲を決定する構成とすれば良い。 In this operation, after the installation position of the sensor 8 is determined in the parking space of the electric vehicle 20, a predetermined operation is performed via the operation unit 10 to be held in a storage device (not shown) in the electric vehicle power supply system 1. Based on the position information of the charging inlet 22 for each vehicle type, the position detection unit 7 may determine the fixed position range by itself.
　また、位置検出部７は、センサ８による測定距離３０の情報に基づいて、充電対象となる電動車両２０、より具体的には充電インレット２２が設けられている車体部分が、定位置範囲にない場合には、どの方向にどの程度ずれているか（以後、「ずれ量」と呼称）を検出し、「ずれ量」の情報をシステム制御部６に出力する。逆に、予め定められた位置範囲内にある場合には、「ずれ量」はゼロとしてシステム制御部６に出力される。なお、センサ８による車体の測定部位と充電インレット２２の位置とはずれがあるので、充電インレット２２の位置情報に基づいてセンサ８による測定距離を補正することで、正確な「ずれ量」を取得する。 Further, the position detection unit 7 is based on the information of the measurement distance 30 by the sensor 8 and the electric vehicle 20 to be charged, more specifically, the vehicle body portion where the charging inlet 22 is provided is not in the fixed position range. In this case, it is detected how much and in which direction it is displaced (hereinafter referred to as “deviation amount”), and information on “deviation amount” is output to the system control unit 6. On the other hand, if it is within the predetermined position range, the “deviation amount” is output to the system control unit 6 as zero. In addition, since there is a deviation between the measurement site of the vehicle body by the sensor 8 and the position of the charging inlet 22, an accurate “deviation amount” is obtained by correcting the measurement distance by the sensor 8 based on the positional information of the charging inlet 22. .
　システム制御部６には、大きく分けて三つの機能が割り当てられる。第１の機能は、位置検出部７から出力される電動車両２０の「ずれ量」の情報に基づいて、運転者２３が電動車両２０をどのように操作すべきかの指示情報を通知部９に伝える。例えば、前進すべきか、後進すべきか、右に寄せるべきか、左に寄せるべきか、これらの組み合わせか、そして操作量はどの程度かなど、定位置範囲に近づけるために必要な操作内容が伝えられる。 The system control unit 6 is roughly divided into three functions. The first function is to notify the notification unit 9 of instruction information on how the driver 23 should operate the electric vehicle 20 based on the “deviation amount” information of the electric vehicle 20 output from the position detection unit 7. Tell. For example, the operation details necessary to approach the fixed position range are communicated, such as whether to move forward, reverse, move to the right, move to the left, a combination of these, and the amount of operation. .
　システム制御部６の第２の機能は、操作部１０を介してユーザからの指示、例えば充電動作の開始、終了、充電量の指定など、電気自動車給電システム１の運転モードに関わる命令を受け付ける。ここで、ユーザとは電気自動車給電システム１のユーザを指し、運転者２３と共通の場合とそうでない場合があり得る。 The second function of the system control unit 6 accepts instructions related to the operation mode of the electric vehicle power supply system 1 such as an instruction from the user via the operation unit 10, for example, start and end of a charging operation, designation of a charge amount, and the like. Here, the user refers to the user of the electric vehicle power feeding system 1, and may or may not be common with the driver 23.
　また、システム制御部６の第３の機能、充電対象となる電動車両２０が定位置範囲に駐車された後に、ユーザがコネクタ５を充電インレット２２に接続し、操作部１０を介して、例えば充電動作を開始させた場合に、電力変換部２の交流－直流変換および直流－直流変換を制御するために必要な電気信号を出力し、所定の直流電力を発生させて、電気自動車給電システム１から蓄電池２１への充電を行う。 Further, after the electric vehicle 20 to be charged is parked in the fixed position range, the user connects the connector 5 to the charging inlet 22 and charges, for example, via the operation unit 10. When the operation is started, the electric signal necessary for controlling the AC-DC conversion and the DC-DC conversion of the power conversion unit 2 is output, and a predetermined DC power is generated. The storage battery 21 is charged.
　通知部９は、電動車両２０を操作する運転者２３に対して、システム制御部６から与えられた指示情報に基づいて誘導情報４０を伝達し、電動車両２０が定位置範囲に駐車できるように、ずれ量を小さくする方向に誘導指示する。 The notification unit 9 transmits the guidance information 40 to the driver 23 who operates the electric vehicle 20 based on the instruction information given from the system control unit 6 so that the electric vehicle 20 can park in the fixed position range. Then, a guidance instruction is given in a direction to reduce the deviation amount.
　図２は、電動車両２０および電気自動車給電システム１を上方から俯瞰した場合を示しており、定位置範囲として前後方向および左右方向を規定する場合を示している。この例では電動車両２０の背面部側に充電インレット２２があり、後進で駐車する状況にある。 FIG. 2 shows a case where the electric vehicle 20 and the electric vehicle power feeding system 1 are looked down from above, and shows a case where the front-rear direction and the left-right direction are defined as the fixed position range. In this example, there is a charging inlet 22 on the back side of the electric vehicle 20 and the vehicle is parked in reverse.
　図２において、電動車両２０の駐車目標となる定位置範囲として、前後定位置範囲３１および左右定位置範囲３２を定めており、２つのセンサ８ａおよび８ｂを用いる構成となっている。 In FIG. 2, a front / rear fixed position range 31 and a left / right fixed position range 32 are defined as fixed position ranges that are parking targets of the electric vehicle 20, and two sensors 8 a and 8 b are used.
　センサ８ａは電動車両２０までの前後方向の測定距離３０ａを測定するために設置されており、センサ８ｂは電動車両２０までの左右方向の測定距離３０ｂを測定するために設置されている。センサ８ａによる測定距離３０ａの情報およびセンサ８ｂによる測定距離３０ｂの情報が位置検出部７に入力されて、定位置範囲からの左右方向および前後方向のずれ量が検出される。 The sensor 8a is installed to measure the measurement distance 30a in the front-rear direction to the electric vehicle 20, and the sensor 8b is installed to measure the measurement distance 30b in the left-right direction to the electric vehicle 20. Information on the measurement distance 30a by the sensor 8a and information on the measurement distance 30b by the sensor 8b are input to the position detection unit 7, and the amount of deviation in the left-right direction and the front-rear direction from the fixed position range is detected.
　また、図２の例では、電動車両２０は前後方向において背面部が前後定位置範囲３１に到達しておらず、測定距離３０ａは目標となる前後定位置範囲３１内に電動車両２０の背面部（充電インレット２２が存在する部分）が入った場合よりも長くなっており、位置検出部７は電動車両２０の前後方向の前側にずれが発生していることを検出して、そのずれ量をシステム制御部６に入力する。 In the example of FIG. 2, the electric vehicle 20 does not reach the front-rear position position range 31 in the front-rear direction, and the measurement distance 30 a is within the target front-rear position position range 31. The position detection unit 7 detects that a deviation has occurred on the front side of the electric vehicle 20 in the front-rear direction, and determines the amount of deviation. Input to the system controller 6.
　一方、測定距離３０ｂは目標となる左右定位置範囲３２内に電動車両２０の側面部分が入っており、位置検出部７は左右方向にずれが発生していないことを検出して、ずれ量ゼロをシステム制御部６へ入力する。 On the other hand, the measurement distance 30b includes the side portion of the electric vehicle 20 in the target left-right fixed position range 32, and the position detection unit 7 detects that no deviation occurs in the left-right direction, and the deviation amount is zero. Is input to the system control unit 6.
　システム制御部６は位置検出部７からのずれ量の情報に基づいて、通知部９に対して、電動車両２０が真直ぐに後進すべき状況にあることを伝達する。通知部９は電動車両２０を操作する運転者２３に対して誘導情報４０を伝達し、前後方向のずれ量を小さくするように誘導指示する。結果として、図３に示すように、電動車両２０の充電インレット２２が存在する背面部および側面部が、それぞれ前後定位置範囲３１および左右定位置範囲３２に収まった状態を実現できる。 The system control unit 6 informs the notification unit 9 that the electric vehicle 20 is in a situation where it should go straight back, based on the information on the amount of deviation from the position detection unit 7. The notification unit 9 transmits the guidance information 40 to the driver 23 who operates the electric vehicle 20 and instructs the driver 23 to reduce the amount of deviation in the front-rear direction. As a result, as shown in FIG. 3, it is possible to realize a state in which the back surface portion and the side surface portion where the charging inlet 22 of the electric vehicle 20 exists are within the front-rear fixed position range 31 and the left-right fixed position range 32, respectively.
　　＜誘導動作＞
　図４は、電気自動車給電システム１を使用して充電する場合の、電動車両２０の到着から充電完了までの一連の動作フローを示すフローチャートである。図４に示すように、充電のための駐車スペース前に到着すると（ステップＳ１）、電気自動車給電システム１が車両を検出して電気自動車給電システム１による誘導が開始される（ステップＳ２）。これは、電気自動車給電システム１が常時超音波モニタなどで駐車スペースの周辺をモニタしていることで車両を自動的に検出することができる。また、電気自動車給電システム１には予め車種情報が記憶されているが、このシステムを利用する車両が、予め記憶された車種情報に合致する車両ではない場合には、自動的には誘導は開始されないので、利用に先立って、操作部を介して車種情報を入力することで、誘導が開始される。 <Induction operation>
FIG. 4 is a flowchart showing a series of operation flows from the arrival of the electric vehicle 20 to the completion of charging when charging is performed using the electric vehicle power supply system 1. As shown in FIG. 4, when the vehicle arrives in front of the parking space for charging (step S1), the electric vehicle power supply system 1 detects the vehicle, and induction by the electric vehicle power supply system 1 is started (step S2). This is because the electric vehicle power supply system 1 constantly monitors the vicinity of the parking space with an ultrasonic monitor or the like, so that the vehicle can be automatically detected. In addition, vehicle type information is stored in the electric vehicle power supply system 1 in advance, but when the vehicle using this system is not a vehicle that matches the vehicle type information stored in advance, guidance is automatically started. Therefore, prior to use, guidance is started by inputting vehicle type information via the operation unit.
　運転者２３は、電気自動車給電システム１による誘導を受け、電動車両２０を前進または後進させて駐車スペースへの進入を行い、誘導に従って、電動車両２０の前進、後進および左右の幅寄せを行って、定位置範囲内に電動車両２０を停車させる（ステップＳ３）。 The driver 23 receives guidance from the electric vehicle power feeding system 1 and moves the electric vehicle 20 forward or backward to enter the parking space. According to the guidance, the driver 23 moves the electric vehicle 20 forward, backward and laterally. Then, the electric vehicle 20 is stopped within the fixed position range (step S3).
　その後、コネクタ５を充電インレット２２に接続し（ステップＳ４）、操作部１０を介して、充電動作を開始させることで充電が開始され（ステップＳ５）、電動車両２０の蓄電池２１に所定量の電力が充電されると充電が終了する（ステップ６）。 Thereafter, the connector 5 is connected to the charging inlet 22 (step S4), and charging is started by starting the charging operation via the operation unit 10 (step S5), and a predetermined amount of power is supplied to the storage battery 21 of the electric vehicle 20. Is charged, the charging is finished (step 6).
　以下、ステップＳ３での電気自動車給電システム１による誘導動作の具体例について説明する。 Hereinafter, a specific example of the guidance operation by the electric vehicle power feeding system 1 in step S3 will be described.
　図５は、図２を用いて説明した充電形態における電気自動車給電システム１の誘導動作の一例を説明する図であり、横軸はセンサ８ａによる測定距離３０ａに基づく前後方向の「ずれ量」、縦軸はセンサ８ｂによる測定距離３０ｂに基づく左右方向の「ずれ量」を示している。 FIG. 5 is a diagram for explaining an example of the induction operation of the electric vehicle power feeding system 1 in the charging mode described with reference to FIG. 2, and the horizontal axis indicates the “deviation amount” in the front-rear direction based on the measurement distance 30 a by the sensor 8 a, The vertical axis represents the “deviation amount” in the left-right direction based on the measurement distance 30b by the sensor 8b.
　測定距離３０ａが前後定位置範囲３１内にある場合には前後方向の「ずれ量」はゼロとなる。測定距離３０ａが前後定位置範囲３１内の値より大きい場合には「ずれ量」は前ずれを示す、例えばプラスの値となり、逆に測定距離３０ａが前後定位置範囲３１内の値より小さい場合には「ずれ量」は後ずれを示すマイナスの値となる。同様に、測定距離３０ｂが左右定位置範囲３２内にある場合には左右方向の「ずれ量」はゼロとなる。測定距離３０ｂが左右定位置範囲３２内の値より大きい場合には「ずれ量」は右ずれを示す、例えばプラスの値となり、逆に測定距離３０ｂが左右定位置範囲３２内の値より小さい場合には「ずれ量」は左ずれを示すマイナスの値となる。 When the measurement distance 30a is within the front-rear fixed position range 31, the “deviation amount” in the front-rear direction is zero. When the measurement distance 30a is larger than the value in the front / rear fixed position range 31, the “deviation amount” indicates a front deviation, for example, a positive value, and conversely, when the measurement distance 30a is smaller than the value in the front / rear fixed position range 31. The “deviation amount” is a negative value indicating a rear deviation. Similarly, when the measurement distance 30b is within the left-right fixed position range 32, the “deviation amount” in the left-right direction is zero. When the measurement distance 30 b is larger than the value in the left and right fixed position range 32, the “deviation amount” indicates a right shift, for example, a positive value, and conversely, when the measurement distance 30 b is smaller than the value in the left and right fixed position range 32. The “deviation amount” is a negative value indicating a left deviation.
　図５の例では、左右方向の「ずれ量」がゼロで、前後方向に「ずれ量」がある場合を示しており、開始時の測定距離３０ａと測定距離３０ｂの交点を示す丸印の開始位置３３を、左右方向および前後方向の「ずれ量」がゼロの領域内にある二重丸印の終了位置３４まで誘導することになる。 The example of FIG. 5 shows a case where the “deviation amount” in the left-right direction is zero and the “deviation amount” exists in the front-rear direction, and the start of a circle indicating the intersection of the measurement distance 30a at the start and the measurement distance 30b. The position 33 is guided to the end position 34 of the double circle in the region where the “deviation amount” in the left-right direction and the front-rear direction is zero.
　図６は、図２を用いて説明した充電形態における電気自動車給電システム１の誘導動作の他の例を説明する図であり、前後方向、左右方向共に「ずれ量」がある場合を示しており、より具体的には、前ずれと右ずれが組み合わさった状況を示している。この場合も同様に、開始時の測定距離３０ａと測定距離３０ｂの交点を示す丸印の開始位置３３を、左右方向および前後方向の「ずれ量」がゼロの領域内にある二重丸印の終了位置３４まで誘導することになる。 FIG. 6 is a diagram illustrating another example of the induction operation of the electric vehicle power feeding system 1 in the charging mode described with reference to FIG. 2, and illustrates a case where there is a “deviation amount” in both the front-rear direction and the left-right direction. More specifically, it shows a situation where a forward shift and a right shift are combined. Similarly, in this case, the start position 33 of the circle indicating the intersection of the measurement distance 30a at the start and the measurement distance 30b is represented by a double circle in the region where the “deviation amount” in the horizontal direction and the front-rear direction is zero. It will guide to the end position 34.
　図７は、電気自動車給電システム１における通知部９の構成の一例を示すブロック図である。システム制御部６から出力される誘導指示情報に基づいて、音声ファイル再生部９ａが音声ファイルメモリ部９ｂにアクセスして、その時々の状況に必要な音声ファイルを再生した音声信号を増幅部９ｃに出力する。増幅部９ｃは音声信号によってスピーカ９ｄ（放音部）を駆動して誘導音声４０ａを出力し、運転者２３に必要な操作内容を伝える。音声ファイルメモリ部９ｂに記憶される音声ファイルとしては、例えば、後進指示、前進指示、右寄せ指示、左寄せ指示、減速指示、停止指示などの基本操作の音声の他に、これらの組み合わせとして、右寄せ後進指示、左寄せ後進指示、右寄せ前進指示、左寄せ前進指示などが挙げられる。また、誘導指示に対して運転者２３の操作が行き過ぎた場合の注意を促す音声も準備されている。 FIG. 7 is a block diagram showing an example of the configuration of the notification unit 9 in the electric vehicle power feeding system 1. Based on the guidance instruction information output from the system control unit 6, the audio file reproduction unit 9a accesses the audio file memory unit 9b, and an audio signal obtained by reproducing the audio file necessary for the current situation is sent to the amplification unit 9c. Output. The amplifying unit 9c drives the speaker 9d (sound emitting unit) with the audio signal to output the guidance audio 40a, and informs the driver 23 of the necessary operation content. As an audio file stored in the audio file memory unit 9b, for example, in addition to voices of basic operations such as a reverse instruction, a forward instruction, a right alignment instruction, a left alignment instruction, a deceleration instruction, a stop instruction, etc., a combination of these can be used. Examples include an instruction, a left-justified backward instruction, a right-justified forward instruction, and a left-justified forward instruction. In addition, a voice is also prepared to call attention when the driver 23 has operated too much in response to the guidance instruction.
　次に、図５の例における誘導動作について具体的な音声内容を例示して説明する。図５に示されるように、測定距離３０ａに基づく前後方向の「ずれ量」がプラス方向に大きい値の場合には、通知部９において「バックして下さい」という音声を再生する。それを聞いた運転者２３の操作により前後方向の「ずれ量」がゼロ付近まで小さくなってくると「速度を落として下さい」という音声再生に切り替え、前後方向の「ずれ量」がゼロになった状況で「停止して下さい」という音声再生に切り替えて、目標とする所定の位置に誘導することになる。 Next, the guidance operation in the example of FIG. As shown in FIG. 5, when the “deviation amount” in the front-rear direction based on the measurement distance 30 a is a large value in the positive direction, the notification unit 9 reproduces a voice “Please back”. When the driver 23 hears this and the “deviation amount” in the front-rear direction decreases to near zero, it switches to voice playback “Please reduce the speed”, and the “deviation amount” in the front-rear direction becomes zero. In such a situation, it is switched to the voice reproduction “Please stop” and guided to a predetermined target position.
　一方、前後方向の「ずれ量」がマイナス方向（後ろ側）に行き過ぎた場合には、「行き過ぎました」、「前進して下さい」などの修正を促す音声に切り替え、目標とする所定の位置（「ずれ量」がゼロになる位置）にまで誘導して停止させる。 On the other hand, when the “deviation amount” in the front-rear direction goes too far in the negative direction (rear side), switch to the sound that prompts the correction such as “overshoot”, “go forward”, etc. It is guided to (position where the “deviation amount” becomes zero) and stopped.
　なお、位置検出部７では、センサ８ａ、８ｂで測定した距離情報に基づいて、「ずれ量」を検出するだけでなく、時間経過を計測することでずれ量の時間変化、すなわち速度も検出する機能を有しており、電動車両２０の速度が速すぎる場合には、減速を促す指示も行う。また、速度を検出することで、電動車両２０の停止を検知することができる。 The position detection unit 7 not only detects the “deviation amount” based on the distance information measured by the sensors 8a and 8b, but also detects a temporal change of the deviation amount, that is, a speed by measuring the passage of time. If the electric vehicle 20 has a function and the speed of the electric vehicle 20 is too high, an instruction to accelerate deceleration is also given. Moreover, the stop of the electric vehicle 20 can be detected by detecting the speed.
　なお、センサ８ａ、８ｂとして超音波センサを使用する場合、音速は秒速３４０ｍであるので、例えば往復３ｍの距離測定を行う場合には距離情報の更新周期を２０ｍｓｅｃ程度に設定できる。時速０．５ｋｍ程度では、車両は毎秒１４ｃｍ程度移動するので、更新周期２０ｍｓｅｃであれば、更新周期ごとの移動距離は３ｍｍ程度となる。このため、距離情報の更新が車両の移動に間に合わないということはないが、指示音声が車両の移動に間に合うように、より端的な指示、例えば「バック」、「減速」、「停止」、「下がり過ぎ」、「前進」などが考えられる。 When ultrasonic sensors are used as the sensors 8a and 8b, the sound speed is 340 m / s, so that the distance information update cycle can be set to about 20 msec, for example, when measuring a distance of 3 m back and forth. At a speed of about 0.5 km / h, the vehicle moves about 14 cm per second. Therefore, if the update cycle is 20 msec, the moving distance for each update cycle is about 3 mm. For this reason, the update of the distance information is not in time for the movement of the vehicle, but more direct instructions such as “back”, “deceleration”, “stop”, “ “Too low”, “Advance”, etc. can be considered.
　次に、図６の例における誘導動作について具体的な音声内容を例示して説明する。図６に示されるように、測定距離３０ａに基づく前後方向の「ずれ量」がプラス方向に大きな値で、かつ、測定距離３０ｂに基づく左右方向の「ずれ量」がプラス方向に大きな値の場合には、通知部９において「左へ寄せながら」、「バックして下さい」という音声を再生する。それを聞いた運転者２３の操作により測定距離３０ｂに基づく左右方向の「ずれ量」がゼロになった段階では、「バックして下さい」という音声のみを再生し、前後方向の「ずれ量」もゼロ付近まで小さくなってくると「速度を落として下さい」という音声再生に切り替え、前後方向の「ずれ量」がゼロになった状況で「停止して下さい」という音声再生に切り替えて、目標とする所定の位置に誘導することになる。 Next, the guidance operation in the example of FIG. 6 will be described with reference to specific audio contents. As shown in FIG. 6, when the “deviation amount” in the front-rear direction based on the measurement distance 30a is a large value in the plus direction, and the “deviation amount” in the left-right direction based on the measurement distance 30b is a large value in the plus direction. In the notification unit 9, a sound “Please move back” and “Please back” is reproduced. When the driver 23 who has heard it has become “zero deviation” in the left-right direction based on the measurement distance 30b by the operation, only the voice “please back” is reproduced, and the “deviation amount” in the front-rear direction. When it becomes smaller to near zero, switch to the voice playback “Please reduce the speed”, switch to the voice playback “Please stop” in the situation where the “displacement amount” in the front-rear direction is zero, To a predetermined position.
　次に、図６の例における誘導動作の他の例について具体的な音声内容を例示して説明する。運転者２３の左寄せ操作が不十分なままで前後方向の「ずれ量」がゼロ付近まで小さくなった場合には、通知部９において「停止して下さい」という音声再生を行い、停止を確認した後、「一旦前進して、左に寄せて下さい」という音声再生を行い、駐車操作の再実施を促し、それを聞いた運転者２３の操作により測定距離３０ｂに基づく左右方向の「ずれ量」がゼロになった段階で、「バックして下さい」という音声再生に切り替え、前後方向の「ずれ量」もゼロ付近まで小さくなってくると「速度を落として下さい」という音声再生に切り替え、前後方向の「ずれ量」がゼロになった状況で「停止して下さい」という音声再生に切り替えて、目標とする所定の位置に誘導することになる。 Next, another example of the guidance operation in the example of FIG. When the driver 23's left-justification operation is insufficient and the “displacement amount” in the front-rear direction decreases to near zero, the notification unit 9 performs a sound reproduction “Please stop” and confirms the stop. After that, the voice reproduction “Please move forward and move to the left” is performed to prompt the re-execution of the parking operation, and the “displacement amount” in the horizontal direction based on the measurement distance 30b by the operation of the driver 23 who heard it. When the value becomes zero, switch to voice playback that says “Please back”, and when the “deviation amount” in the front-rear direction decreases to near zero, switch to voice playback that says “Please reduce the speed”. In a situation where the “deviation amount” of the direction becomes zero, switching to the voice reproduction “please stop” is performed, and the target is guided to a predetermined position.
　なお、前後方向および左右方向の「ずれ量」が、マイナス方向またはプラス方向に行き過ぎた場合には、前述と同様に停止を指示し、反対方向への修正を指示し、目標とする所定の位置（「ずれ量」がゼロになる位置）にまで誘導して停止させる。このように、音声による誘導を行うことで、運転者にとって理解しやすい誘導となる。 In addition, when the “deviation amount” in the front-rear direction and the left-right direction goes too far in the minus direction or the plus direction, the stop is instructed in the same manner as described above, the correction in the opposite direction is instructed, and the target predetermined position It is guided to (position where the “deviation amount” becomes zero) and stopped. In this way, guidance by voice is easy for the driver to understand.
　　＜電子音による誘導情報＞
　以上の説明では、人間の音声（合成音声を含む）による誘導音声４０ａを用いて電動車両２０を操作する運転者２３に対して誘導情報４０を伝える形態を示したが、誘導情報４０を電子音により伝える形態であっても同様なことが実現可能である。図８は電気自動車給電システム１における通知部９の構成の他の例を示すブロック図である。 <Guidance information by electronic sound>
In the above description, the form in which the guidance information 40 is transmitted to the driver 23 who operates the electric vehicle 20 using the guidance voice 40a by human voice (including synthesized voice) has been described. The same thing can be realized even if the information is transmitted in the manner described above. FIG. 8 is a block diagram showing another example of the configuration of the notification unit 9 in the electric vehicle power feeding system 1.
　システム制御部６から出力される誘導指示情報に基づいて、電子音ファイル再生部９ｅが電子音ファイルメモリ部９ｆにアクセスして、その時々の状況に必要な電子音ファイルを再生した音声信号を増幅部９ｃに出力する。増幅部９ｃは音声信号によってスピーカ９ｄを駆動して誘導音４０ｂを出力し、運転者２３に必要な操作内容を伝える。電子音ファイルメモリ部９ｆに記憶される電子音としては、後進指示、前進指示、右寄せ指示、左寄せ指示、減速指示、停止指示などの基本操作を明確に区別できるように、音の三大要素である「大きさ」、「高さ」、「音色」を変えた電子音、およびこれらに時間変化を持たせた電子音が考えられる。 Based on the guidance instruction information output from the system control unit 6, the electronic sound file reproduction unit 9e accesses the electronic sound file memory unit 9f to amplify the audio signal that is reproduced from the electronic sound file necessary for the situation at that time. To the unit 9c. The amplifying unit 9c drives the speaker 9d with an audio signal to output a guidance sound 40b, and informs the driver 23 of necessary operation contents. The electronic sound stored in the electronic sound file memory unit 9f includes three major sound elements so that basic operations such as a reverse instruction, a forward instruction, a right alignment instruction, a left alignment instruction, a deceleration instruction, and a stop instruction can be clearly distinguished. An electronic sound in which a certain “size”, “height”, and “timbre” are changed, and an electronic sound in which these are changed with time, can be considered.
　より具体的には、音を正弦波とした場合、「大きさ」は振幅、「高さ」は周波数で決まり、「時間変化」は振幅に適用した場合は音の強弱が変化し、最も単純には音のオン／オフとして表すことができ、周波数に適用した場合は音の高低が変化することになる。 More specifically, when the sound is a sine wave, the “size” is determined by the amplitude, the “height” is determined by the frequency, and the “time change” is applied to the amplitude. Can be expressed as sound on / off, and when applied to frequency, the pitch of the sound changes.
　図９には、音の「大きさ」、「高さ」、「時間変化」の組み合わせで誘導指示を与える場合の例として、音１から音６の６種類の基本音の定義を示す。図９に示すように、「バック指示」は、周波数Ｆ１、振幅Ａ１の音１で表され、「前進指示」は、周波数Ｆ２、振幅Ａ２の音２で表され、「右寄せ指示」は、周波数Ｆ３、振幅Ａ３の音３で表され、「左寄せ指示」は、周波数Ｆ４、振幅Ａ４の音４で表され、「停止指示」は、周波数Ｆ５、振幅Ａ５の音５で表され、「再試行指示」は、周波数Ｆ６、振幅Ａ６の音６で表される。 FIG. 9 shows definitions of six basic sounds, Sound 1 to Sound 6, as examples in which a guidance instruction is given by a combination of sound “volume”, “height”, and “time change”. As shown in FIG. 9, the “back instruction” is represented by a sound 1 having a frequency F1 and an amplitude A1, the “forward instruction” is represented by a sound 2 having a frequency F2 and an amplitude A2, and the “right-justification instruction” is represented by a frequency. F3 is represented by a sound 3 having an amplitude A3, “Left alignment instruction” is represented by a sound 4 having a frequency F4 and an amplitude A4, and “Stop instruction” is represented by a sound 5 having a frequency F5 and an amplitude A5. The “instruction” is represented by a sound 6 having a frequency F6 and an amplitude A6.
　ここで、駐車スペースに入る段階では、車両は前後方向に大きく動き、左右方向の動きは相対的に小さいので、前後方向の指示（バック指示、前進指示）に対しては、振幅に「時間変化（オン／オフ）」を適用する。例えば、バック指示の状況で、音１をオン／オフさせ、ずれ量が小さくなるのに応じてオン／オフ周期を短くし、ずれ量ゼロの範囲に入った段階でオンを維持し（オン／オフの周期を識別できない程の短さとしても良い）、その後に停止指示の音５に切り替える。 Here, at the stage of entering the parking space, the vehicle moves greatly in the front-rear direction, and the movement in the left-right direction is relatively small. (On / Off) ”is applied. For example, in the situation of the back instruction, the sound 1 is turned on / off, the on / off cycle is shortened as the deviation amount becomes smaller, and the on state is maintained when entering the range of the deviation amount zero (on / off). It may be so short that the off cycle cannot be identified), and then the sound is switched to the stop instruction sound 5.
　一方、ずれ量ゼロの範囲を行き過ぎた場合は、音２により前進指示を与える。ずれ量ゼロの範囲外で振幅に「時間変化」を適用することで、バック指示と同じく、ずれ量が小さくなるほどオン／オフ周期を短くする。このような電子音を用いることで前後方向の指示を与え、ずれ量ゼロの範囲に停止させる指示を与えることができる。 On the other hand, if the range of zero deviation is exceeded, a forward instruction is given by sound 2. By applying “time change” to the amplitude outside the range of the deviation amount zero, the on / off cycle is shortened as the deviation amount becomes smaller, as in the case of the back instruction. By using such an electronic sound, it is possible to give an instruction in the front-rear direction, and to give an instruction to stop in the range of zero deviation.
　次に、前後方向だけでなく左右方向にもずれがある場合、右寄せが必要な場合は音３を、左寄せが必要な場合は音４を、上記のバック指示の音１または前進指示の音２に、重ねて出力すれば、単なる音１または音２だけの場合とは識別され、右へ寄せながらバックまたは前進、あるいは左へ寄せながらバックまたは前進させるなど、妥当な操作指示を伝えることが可能となる。 Next, when there is a shift not only in the front-rear direction but also in the left-right direction, the sound 3 when the right alignment is necessary, the sound 4 when the left alignment is necessary, the back sound 1 or the forward sound 2 described above. In addition, if it is output repeatedly, it is distinguished from the case of only sound 1 or sound 2, and it is possible to convey a proper operation instruction such as back or forward while moving to the right or back or forward while moving to the left. It becomes.
　ここで、「音色」は基音＋倍音で決まるので、例えば音１の周波数Ｆ１と音３の周波数Ｆ３の関係が基音と倍音の関係であれば、音１に音３を重ねた場合には、音１単独の場合と比べて、「音色」の違いとして認識されることになる。音４についても、音３と異なる振幅、周波数に設定しておけば、音１と音３の重ね合わせ、音１と音４の重ね合わせで音色が変わり、左寄せ、右寄せの相違が表現される。 Here, since the “tone” is determined by the fundamental tone + harmonic tone, for example, if the relationship between the frequency F1 of the tone 1 and the frequency F3 of the tone 3 is a relationship between the fundamental tone and the harmonics, if the tone 3 is superimposed on the tone 1, Compared to the case of sound 1 alone, it is recognized as a difference in “timbre”. If sound 4 is set to have an amplitude and frequency different from those of sound 3, the timbre changes depending on the superposition of sound 1 and sound 3 and superposition of sound 1 and sound 4, and the difference between left and right alignment is expressed. .
　このように電子音による誘導を行うことで、電子音の組み合わせを標準化しておけば、日本語を理解できない運転者も誘導することができる。 By conducting guidance with electronic sounds in this way, drivers who cannot understand Japanese can be guided by standardizing combinations of electronic sounds.
　　＜光による誘導情報＞
　誘導情報４０は、音声および電子音などの音以外によって伝えることも可能である。図１０は電気自動車給電システム１における通知部９の構成のさらに別の例を示すブロック図である。ここでは、光により誘導情報４０を伝える構成を示しており、システム制御部６から出力される誘導指示情報に基づいて、調光制御部９ｇが調光信号を生成して出力し、駆動部９ｈが調光信号に基づいて発光部９ｉを駆動する。発光部９ｉは、例えばフルカラーＬＥＤなどの発光体を有しており、発光体が発する誘導光により運転者２３に必要な操作内容を伝える。 <Guidance information by light>
The guidance information 40 can be conveyed by sound other than sound and electronic sound. FIG. 10 is a block diagram showing still another example of the configuration of the notification unit 9 in the electric vehicle power feeding system 1. Here, a configuration is shown in which the guidance information 40 is transmitted by light. Based on the guidance instruction information output from the system control unit 6, the dimming control unit 9g generates and outputs a dimming signal, and the driving unit 9h Drives the light emitting unit 9i based on the dimming signal. The light emitting unit 9i has a light emitter such as a full-color LED, for example, and transmits necessary operation contents to the driver 23 by the guide light emitted from the light emitter.
　誘導光としては、後進指示、前進指示、右寄せ指示、左寄せ指示、減速指示、停止指示などの基本操作を明確に区別できるように、光の三要素である「色相」、「明度」、「彩度」を変えた光、およびこれらに時間変化を持たせた光が考えられる。 As the guide light, the three elements of light, “hue”, “brightness”, “saturation”, can be clearly distinguished from basic operations such as reverse, forward, right justify, left justify, decelerate, and stop. The light which changed the degree and the light which gave these time change can be considered.
　図１０では、発光部９ｉが３個の発光体９ｉ１、９ｉ２および９ｉ３を有した構成となっており、発光体９ｉ１は左寄せを指示し、発光体９ｉ３は右寄せを指示し、発光体９ｉ２は前後方向への移動および停止を指示する場合に発光する。 In FIG. 10, the light emitting unit 9i has three light emitters 9i1, 9i2 and 9i3. The light emitter 9i1 instructs left alignment, the light emitter 9i3 instructs right alignment, and the light emitter 9i2 is front and rear. Lights when instructing to move and stop in the direction.
　以下、発光体９ｉ１、９ｉ２および９ｉ３による誘導指示の具体例を説明する。すなわち、「バック指示」は発光体９ｉ２を緑色点滅させ、ずれ量が小さくなるほど点滅周期が短くなるようにして「減速指示」として使用する。「停止指示」は発光体９ｉ２の緑色点滅の周期短縮状態から青色点灯に遷移させることで表現する。「前進指示」は発光体９ｉ２を赤色点滅させ、ずれ量が小さくなるほど点滅周期が短くなるようにして「減速指示」として使用する。例えば、左へ寄せながらのバックを指示する場合、すなわち「左寄せ指示」と「バック指示」を行う場合は、発光体９ｉ１を点灯すると同時に発光体９ｉ２を緑色点滅させる。また、ずれが修正不能で再試行が必要な場合で、一旦前進して、左に寄せる指示をする場合は、発光体９ｉ１、９ｉ２、９ｉ３を全て赤点灯して再試行を促した上で、左寄せを指示する発光体９ｉ１を点灯すると同時に発光体９ｉ２を赤色点滅させる状態と、発光体９ｉ１を赤色点滅させると同時に発光体９ｉ２を赤色点灯させる状態とを交互に切り替えることで表現する。 Hereinafter, specific examples of guidance instructions by the light emitters 9i1, 9i2, and 9i3 will be described. That is, the “back instruction” is used as the “deceleration instruction” by causing the light emitter 9i2 to blink green and the blinking period to become shorter as the deviation amount becomes smaller. The “stop instruction” is expressed by changing the light emitting body 9i2 from green blinking cycle shortened state to blue lighting. The “advance instruction” is used as the “deceleration instruction” by causing the light emitter 9i2 to blink red and the blinking period to become shorter as the deviation amount becomes smaller. For example, when instructing the back while moving to the left, that is, when performing the “left alignment instruction” and the “back instruction”, the light emitter 9i1 is turned on and simultaneously the light emitter 9i2 blinks in green. In addition, when the deviation cannot be corrected and a retry is necessary, and when an instruction is given to move forward and move to the left, the light emitters 9i1, 9i2, and 9i3 are all lit red to prompt a retry. This is expressed by alternately switching between a state in which the light emitter 9i1 instructing the left alignment is turned on and the light emitter 9i2 blinks in red at the same time and a state in which the light emitter 9i1 blinks in red and the light emitter 9i2 is lighted in red at the same time.
　なお、フルカラーＬＥＤでは、Ｒ（赤）、Ｇ（緑）、Ｂ（青）の色の組み合わせでほぼ無限の色を再現でき、これは「色相」、「明度」、「彩度」を変えた光に相当する。 The full-color LED can reproduce almost infinite colors by combining the colors of R (red), G (green), and B (blue), which changes the “hue”, “lightness”, and “saturation”. Corresponds to light.
　このような光による誘導により、音による情報伝達が難しい状況においても誘導情報の提供が可能となる。また、この光による誘導と合わせて、音声または電子音による誘導も実施することにより、運転者２３に必要な操作内容を伝える効果を向上させることができる。 Such guidance by light makes it possible to provide guidance information even in situations where it is difficult to transmit information by sound. In addition to the guidance by light, guidance by voice or electronic sound is also performed, so that the effect of transmitting necessary operation contents to the driver 23 can be improved.
　以上のように、電動車両を定位置に駐車させるための誘導情報を電気自動車給電システム１から運転者に伝達することで、運転者にとって駐車スペースの視認性が悪い状況においても、運転者２３が電動車両２０を定位置に駐車させる際の負担とストレスを軽減できると共に、電力伝送中に電動車両２０の充電インレット２２からコネクタ５が脱落するような駐車位置となることを防止できる。 As described above, the guidance information for parking the electric vehicle at a fixed position is transmitted from the electric vehicle power supply system 1 to the driver, so that the driver 23 can recognize the parking space even when the driver has poor visibility of the parking space. It is possible to reduce the burden and stress when parking the electric vehicle 20 at a fixed position, and it is possible to prevent the parking position from dropping the connector 5 from the charging inlet 22 of the electric vehicle 20 during power transmission.
　　＜変形例＞
　以上説明した実施の形態１の電気自動車給電システム１においては、通知部９がスピーカやフルカラーＬＥＤなどの知覚信号発生手段を備え、知覚信号発生手段で発生させた音や光などの人間が知覚可能な知覚信号による誘導情報を運転者２３が知覚する構成を採っていた。しかし、通知部９が知覚信号発生手段を備えるのではなく、通知部９からは通信波出力部を介して誘導情報が通信波として出力される構成としても良い。 <Modification>
In the electric vehicle power feeding system 1 according to the first embodiment described above, the notification unit 9 includes a perceptual signal generating unit such as a speaker or a full color LED, and humans such as sound and light generated by the perceptual signal generating unit can be perceived. In this configuration, the driver 23 perceives guidance information based on various perceptual signals. However, the notification unit 9 may not be provided with a perceptual signal generation unit, but the notification information may be output from the notification unit 9 as a communication wave via the communication wave output unit.
　図１１は実施の形態１の変形例に係る通知部９Ａの構成を示すブロック図である。システム制御部６から出力される誘導指示情報に基づいて、音声ファイル再生部９ａが音声ファイルメモリ部９ｂにアクセスして、その時々の状況に必要な音声ファイルを再生した音声信号を変調部９ｊに出力し、変調部９ｊで音声信号を変調した後、アンテナ部９ｋ（通信波出力部）に与え、アンテナ部９ｋから無線電波として出力し、電動車両２０に対して誘導情報通信４０ｄを行う。電動車両２０側では、車両に搭載されたスマートフォン、カーナビゲーション装置などの受信機能付き音響映像端末２４により無線電波を受け、復調して誘導音声４０ｅとして運転者２３に必要な操作内容を伝える。 FIG. 11 is a block diagram showing a configuration of a notification unit 9A according to a modification of the first embodiment. Based on the guidance instruction information output from the system control unit 6, the audio file reproduction unit 9a accesses the audio file memory unit 9b, and the audio signal obtained by reproducing the audio file necessary for the current situation is sent to the modulation unit 9j. After being output and modulated by the modulation unit 9j, the audio signal is applied to the antenna unit 9k (communication wave output unit), output as a radio wave from the antenna unit 9k, and the guidance information communication 40d is performed on the electric vehicle 20. On the electric vehicle 20 side, the radio wave is received by the audio video terminal 24 with a receiving function such as a smartphone or a car navigation device mounted on the vehicle, demodulated, and the necessary operation content is transmitted to the driver 23 as a guided voice 40e.
　このように、運転者２３は、電動車両２０に搭載されている受信機能付き音響映像端末２４から、車両室内で直接的に誘導情報を受けるので、外的要因に左右されずに運転者２３に確実に誘導情報を伝えることができる。 Thus, since the driver 23 receives the guidance information directly from the audio video terminal 24 with a receiving function mounted on the electric vehicle 20 in the vehicle compartment, the driver 23 is not influenced by external factors. The guidance information can be transmitted reliably.
　なお、図１１では、無線電波を用いて誘導情報通信４０ｄを行う構成を示しているが、無線通信であればこれに限定されるものではなく、また、赤外線通信、可視光通信、電話回線を介しての無線通信などを用いても良い。また、誘導情報通信４０ｄにより音声を伝える構成を示したが、これに限定されるものではなく、例えば誘導のための文字情報を伝送して、受信機能付き音響映像端末２４の画面に文字情報または指示画像として表示しても良い。 In addition, in FIG. 11, although the structure which performs the guidance information communication 40d using a radio wave is shown, if it is wireless communication, it will not be limited to this, In addition, infrared communication, visible light communication, a telephone line is used. Wireless communication or the like may be used. Moreover, although the structure which conveys an audio | voice by the guidance information communication 40d was shown, it is not limited to this, For example, character information for guidance is transmitted and character information or an audio video terminal 24 with a reception function is displayed on the screen. It may be displayed as an instruction image.
　（実施の形態２）
　　＜システム構成＞
　図１２は、本発明に係る実施の形態２の電気自動車給電システムの構成を示すブロック図である。図１２に示す電気自動車給電システム１Ａは、図１に示した実施の形態１の電気自動車給電システム１の構成に車種判定部１３を加えた構成となっている。 (Embodiment 2)
<System configuration>
FIG. 12 is a block diagram showing a configuration of the electric vehicle power feeding system according to the second embodiment of the present invention. An electric vehicle power supply system 1A shown in FIG. 12 has a configuration in which a vehicle type determination unit 13 is added to the configuration of the electric vehicle power supply system 1 of the first embodiment shown in FIG.
　車種判定部１３は、駐車スペースに入ってくる電動車両２０のフロント部またはリア部の画像を撮影し、撮影された画像に基づいて車種を判定して、判定結果を位置検出部７に与える。 The vehicle type determination unit 13 captures an image of the front or rear portion of the electric vehicle 20 entering the parking space, determines the vehicle type based on the captured image, and gives the determination result to the position detection unit 7.
　車種判定部１３で車種を判定した後は、その車種に合った定位置範囲を位置検出部７が選択し、選択された定位置範囲に基づいて電動車両２０の誘導動作が実行される。なお、誘導動作等は、実施の形態１と同じであるので説明は省略する。 After the vehicle type is determined by the vehicle type determination unit 13, the position detection unit 7 selects a fixed position range that matches the vehicle type, and the guidance operation of the electric vehicle 20 is executed based on the selected fixed position range. In addition, since guidance operation | movement etc. are the same as Embodiment 1, description is abbreviate | omitted.
　実施の形態１の電気自動車給電システム１は、当該システムを利用する車両が固定されている、例えば家庭に設置されるシステムを想定していたが、電気自動車給電システム１Ａは利用する車両が固定されていない、例えば公共スペースに設けられたシステムを想定しており、車両判定部１３が自動的に車種を判定するので、駐車スペースに進入する前に操作部１０を介して電動車両２０の車種を入力する作業が不要となり、当該作業に伴う運転者２３またはユーザの負担を軽減できる。もちろん電気自動車給電システム１Ａを家庭用のシステムとして用いても良い。 The electric vehicle power supply system 1 according to the first embodiment assumes a system in which a vehicle using the system is fixed, for example, installed in a home, but the electric vehicle power supply system 1A has a vehicle to be used fixed. For example, a system provided in a public space is assumed, and the vehicle determination unit 13 automatically determines the vehicle type. Therefore, before entering the parking space, the vehicle type of the electric vehicle 20 is determined via the operation unit 10. The work to be input becomes unnecessary, and the burden on the driver 23 or the user accompanying the work can be reduced. Of course, the electric vehicle power supply system 1A may be used as a home system.
　　＜車種判定部の構成＞
　図１３は車種判定部１３の構成の一例を示すブロック図である。車種判定部１３は撮像部１３ａ、画像分析部１３ｂおよび電動車両特徴保持部１３ｃを備え、撮像部１３ａにおいて駐車スペースに入ってくる電動車両２０のフロント部またはリア部のデジタル画像を撮影する。そして、撮影されたデジタル画像の画像データを画像分析部１３ｂに入力し、画像分析部１３ｂでは、入力された画像データと電動車両特徴保持部１３ｃに予め保持（記憶）された特徴情報とのマッチングを行い、一致状態を調べて、電動車両２０の車種を判定し、判定結果を位置検出部７（またはシステム制御部６）に出力する。 <Configuration of vehicle type determination unit>
FIG. 13 is a block diagram illustrating an example of the configuration of the vehicle type determination unit 13. The vehicle type determination unit 13 includes an imaging unit 13a, an image analysis unit 13b, and an electric vehicle feature holding unit 13c, and takes a digital image of the front part or rear part of the electric vehicle 20 entering the parking space in the imaging unit 13a. Then, the image data of the photographed digital image is input to the image analysis unit 13b, and the image analysis unit 13b matches the input image data with the feature information previously stored (stored) in the electric vehicle feature holding unit 13c. The matching state is checked, the vehicle type of the electric vehicle 20 is determined, and the determination result is output to the position detection unit 7 (or the system control unit 6).
　図１４は車種判定部１３における判定動作の一例を示す概念図である。図１４においては、紙面に向かって左側には電動車両２０の撮像画像を示し、紙面に向かって右側には、電動車両特徴保持部１３ｃに保持された電動車両特徴情報Ａおよび電動車両特徴情報Ｂをエッジ画像として示している。 FIG. 14 is a conceptual diagram illustrating an example of a determination operation in the vehicle type determination unit 13. In FIG. 14, the captured image of the electric vehicle 20 is shown on the left side as viewed in the drawing, and the electric vehicle feature information A and the electric vehicle feature information B held in the electric vehicle feature holding unit 13c are shown as the right side as viewed in the drawing. Is shown as an edge image.
　画像分析部１３ｂでは、撮像画像のエッジ検出を行い、撮像画像の特徴を単純化して抽出し、電動車両特徴情報Ａおよび電動車両特徴情報Ｂと比較することにより、一致性の高い車種を特定する。図１４の例では、電動車両特徴情報Ａとの一致性が高いと判断され、撮像画像の車両は、電動車両特徴情報Ａを提供した車両であるものと判定し、その車両の車種情報（車名、メーカー名、型式、年式など）を位置検出部７（またはシステム制御部６）に出力する。 The image analysis unit 13b performs edge detection of the captured image, simplifies and extracts features of the captured image, and compares them with the electric vehicle feature information A and the electric vehicle feature information B to identify a highly consistent vehicle type. . In the example of FIG. 14, it is determined that the coincidence with the electric vehicle feature information A is high, the vehicle in the captured image is determined to be a vehicle that provided the electric vehicle feature information A, and the vehicle type information (vehicle Name, manufacturer name, model, year, etc.) are output to the position detector 7 (or system controller 6).
　なお、電動車両特徴保持部１３ｃに予め保持された特徴情報としては、車種ごとにフロント部およびリア部の特徴情報を準備し、電動車両２０が前後どちらの側から駐車スペースに入ってきても車種判定が可能とすると共に、給電する上で必要な充電インレット２２側を所定の位置に誘導するために、車両の前後方向が把握できるようにする。 In addition, as the feature information held in advance in the electric vehicle feature holding unit 13c, the feature information of the front part and the rear part is prepared for each vehicle type, and the vehicle type regardless of which side of the electric vehicle 20 enters the parking space. In addition to enabling the determination, the vehicle front-rear direction can be grasped in order to guide the charging inlet 22 side required for power feeding to a predetermined position.
　撮像画像のエッジ検出は従来的な技術であり、例えば入力画像をソーベル（Sobel）フィルタを用いて１次微分することでエッジを検出することでエッジ画像を得ることができる。また、同じ１次微分によるエッジ検出としてはプレヴィット（Prewitt）フィルタを用いたエッジ検出も挙げられる、また、２次微分によるエッジ検出としてラプラシアン（Laplacian）フィルタを用いたエッジ検出も挙げられ、いずれも周知技術である。 Edge detection of a captured image is a conventional technique, and for example, an edge image can be obtained by detecting an edge by first-order differentiation of an input image using a Sobel filter. Also, edge detection using the same first derivative includes edge detection using a Prewitt filter, and edge detection using a second derivative includes edge detection using a Laplacian filter. Is also a well-known technique.
　また、エッジ検出により作成した撮像画像のエッジ画像と、電動車両特徴情報とのマッチングは、パターンマッチングを使用すれば良く、対象画像の中から、テンプレートと呼ばれる特定の画像を探し出すテンプレートマッチングを使用すれば対象画像の全てについてマッチングするよりも効率的である。 In addition, pattern matching may be used for matching between the edge image of the captured image created by edge detection and the electric vehicle feature information, and template matching that searches for a specific image called a template from the target image is used. This is more efficient than matching all target images.
　テンプレートマッチングの類似度の計算方法としては、対象画像とテンプレートの画素値の差の２乗を足し合わせたものを類似度とするＳＳＤ（Sum of Squared Difference）法、画像の正規化相互相関を取って類似度とし、値が１に近いほど画像が似ていると判断するＮＣＣ（Normalized Cross-Correlation）法、対象画像とテンプレートからそれぞれの画素値の平均を引いてから、正規化相互相関を取って類似度とするＺＮＣＣ（Zero-mean Normalized Cross-Correlation）法などが挙げられ、いずれも周知技術である。 The template matching similarity calculation method includes the SSD (Sum of Squared Difference) method, which uses the sum of the squares of the pixel values of the target image and the template, and the normalized cross-correlation of images. NCC (Normalized Cross-Correlation) method, in which the image is more similar as the value is closer to 1, the average of each pixel value is subtracted from the target image and template, and then the normalized cross-correlation is obtained. ZNCC (Zero-mean Normalized Cross-Correlation) method for making the degree of similarity is known, and all are well-known techniques.
　以上説明したように、車種判定部１３を備えた電気自動車給電システム１Ａでは、給電対象となる電動車両２０の車種を車種判定部１３が自動的に判定するので、駐車スペースに進入する前に操作部１０を介して電動車両２０の車種を入力する作業が不要となり、当該作業に伴う運転者２３またはユーザの負担を軽減できる。 As described above, in the electric vehicle power supply system 1A provided with the vehicle type determination unit 13, the vehicle type determination unit 13 automatically determines the vehicle type of the electric vehicle 20 to be supplied, so that the operation is performed before entering the parking space. The operation | work which inputs the vehicle type of the electric vehicle 20 via the part 10 becomes unnecessary, and can reduce the burden of the driver | operator 23 or a user accompanying the said operation | work.

Claims (13)

  1. 　電動車両（２０）の駆動のための蓄電池（２１）の充放電を行う電気自動車給電システム（１、１Ａ）であって、
    　前記電動車両との間での電力の授受を行う電力ケーブル（４）と、
    　前記電力ケーブルの端部に設けられ、前記電動車両の充電インレット（２２）に着脱可能に接続されるコネクタ（５）と、
    　前記電動車両の駐車スペースに配置され、前記電動車両の車体との距離を測定するセンサ（８）と、
    　前記センサによる測定結果に基づいて、前記電動車両の前記車体の所定部分が、予め定めた定位置範囲に入っているか否かを検出する位置検出部（７）と、
    　前記位置検出部での検出の結果、前記所定部分が前記定位置範囲に入っていない場合には、前記定位置範囲に入れるための誘導情報を前記電動車両の運転者に伝達する通知部（９）と、を備える、電気自動車給電システム。     An electric vehicle power feeding system (1, 1A) for charging and discharging a storage battery (21) for driving an electric vehicle (20),
    A power cable (4) for transferring power to and from the electric vehicle;
    A connector (5) provided at an end of the power cable and detachably connected to a charging inlet (22) of the electric vehicle;
    A sensor (8) disposed in a parking space of the electric vehicle and measuring a distance from a vehicle body of the electric vehicle;
    A position detector (7) for detecting whether or not a predetermined portion of the vehicle body of the electric vehicle is within a predetermined fixed position range based on a measurement result by the sensor;
    As a result of detection by the position detection unit, when the predetermined portion is not within the fixed position range, a notification unit (9) that transmits guidance information for entering the fixed position range to the driver of the electric vehicle. And an electric vehicle power supply system.
  2. 　前記センサは、
    　前記電動車両の前面および背面の一方、および側面との距離を測定し、前記所定部分の前記定位置範囲からの前記電動車両の前後方向および左右方向のずれ量を測定する、請求項１記載の電気自動車給電システム。     The sensor is
    The distance between the front surface and one of the back surface and the side surface of the electric vehicle is measured, and the amount of deviation of the electric vehicle from the fixed position range in the front-rear direction and the left-right direction is measured. Electric vehicle power supply system.
  3. 　前記位置検出部は、
    　前記センサによる測定結果に基づいて、前記電動車両の前記所定部分が、前記定位置範囲にない場合には、前記定位置範囲を基準として前記前後方向および前記左右方向の前記ずれ量を検出し、
    　前記誘導情報は、前記ずれ量がゼロとなるように前記電動車両を誘導するように設定される、請求項２記載の電気自動車給電システム。     The position detector is
    Based on the measurement result by the sensor, when the predetermined portion of the electric vehicle is not in the fixed position range, the shift amount in the front-rear direction and the left-right direction is detected with reference to the fixed position range,
    The electric vehicle power feeding system according to claim 2, wherein the guidance information is set so as to guide the electric vehicle so that the deviation amount becomes zero.
  4. 　前記電動車両の前記所定部分は、前記充電インレットが設けられた部分に設定される、請求項１記載の電気自動車給電システム。 The electric vehicle power feeding system according to claim 1, wherein the predetermined part of the electric vehicle is set to a part provided with the charging inlet.
  5. 　前記通知部は放音部（９ｄ）を含み、前記放音部から発する人間の音声または合成音声によって前記誘導情報を伝達する、請求項１記載の電気自動車給電システム。 The electric vehicle power feeding system according to claim 1, wherein the notification unit includes a sound emitting unit (9d), and transmits the guidance information by a human voice or a synthesized voice emitted from the sound emitting unit.
  6. 　前記通知部は放音部（９ｄ）を含み、前記放音部から発する電子音によって前記誘導情報を伝達する、請求項１記載の電気自動車給電システム。 The electric vehicle power feeding system according to claim 1, wherein the notification unit includes a sound emitting unit (9d) and transmits the guidance information by an electronic sound emitted from the sound emitting unit.
  7. 　前記誘導情報は、
    　前記電子音の大きさ、高さおよび音色の変化と、これらを時間変化させることで表現される、請求項６記載の電気自動車給電システム。     The guidance information is
    The electric vehicle power feeding system according to claim 6, wherein the electric vehicle power supply system is expressed by changing the magnitude, height, and tone color of the electronic sound and changing them with time.
  8. 　前記通知部は発光部（９ｉ）を含み、前記発光部から発する光によって前記誘導情報を伝達する、請求項１記載の電気自動車給電システム。 The electric vehicle power feeding system according to claim 1, wherein the notification unit includes a light emitting unit (9i), and transmits the guidance information by light emitted from the light emitting unit.
  9. 　前記誘導情報は、
    　前記光の色相、明度および彩度の変化と、これらを時間変化させることで表現される、請求項８記載の電気自動車給電システム。     The guidance information is
    The electric vehicle power feeding system according to claim 8, wherein the electric vehicle power supply system is expressed by changing the hue, lightness, and saturation of the light and changing them with time.
  10. 　前記通知部は通信波出力部（９ｋ）を含み、前記通信波出力部から発する通信波によって前記誘導情報を伝達する、請求項１記載の電気自動車給電システム。 The electric vehicle power feeding system according to claim 1, wherein the notification unit includes a communication wave output unit (9k), and transmits the guidance information by a communication wave emitted from the communication wave output unit.
  11. 　前記通信波は、
    　前記電動車両に搭載される受信機能付き音響映像端末で受信され、
    　前記誘導情報は、
    　前記受信機能付き音響映像端末で人間の音声、合成音声および画像表示の少なくとも１つの方法で表現される、請求項１０記載の電気自動車給電システム。     The communication wave is
    Received by an audio video terminal with a receiving function mounted on the electric vehicle,
    The guidance information is
    The electric vehicle power feeding system according to claim 10, wherein the audio video terminal with reception function is expressed by at least one of human voice, synthesized voice, and image display.
  12. 　前記電気自動車給電システムは、
    　前記電動車両の車種を判定する車種判定部（１３）をさらに備え、
    　前記車種判定部での判定結果に基づいて、前記電動車両に対応した前記定位置範囲を設定する、請求項１記載の電気自動車給電システム。     The electric vehicle power supply system is
    A vehicle type determination unit (13) for determining a vehicle type of the electric vehicle;
    The electric vehicle power feeding system according to claim 1, wherein the fixed position range corresponding to the electric vehicle is set based on a determination result in the vehicle type determination unit.
  13. 　前記車種判定部は、
    　前記電動車両のフロント部またはリア部のデジタル画像を撮影する撮像部（１３ａ）と、
    　撮影された前記デジタル画像の画像データと、予め保持された複数の電動車両の特徴情報とのマッチングを行い、一致状態により前記電動車両の車種を判定する画像分析部（１３ｂ）とを有する、請求項１２記載の電気自動車給電システム。     The vehicle type determination unit
    An imaging unit (13a) that captures a digital image of a front part or a rear part of the electric vehicle;
    An image analysis unit (13b) that performs matching between image data of the photographed digital image and characteristic information of a plurality of electric vehicles held in advance and determines a vehicle type of the electric vehicle based on the matching state. Item 13. An electric vehicle power feeding system according to Item 12.
PCT/JP2015/081348 2015-11-06 2015-11-06 Electric vehicle power supply system WO2017077646A1 (en)

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