WO2017075891A1 - Material discharge apparatus used for cold-firework eruption device, and cold-firework eruption device - Google Patents

Material discharge apparatus used for cold-firework eruption device, and cold-firework eruption device Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2017075891A1
WO2017075891A1 PCT/CN2015/099812 CN2015099812W WO2017075891A1 WO 2017075891 A1 WO2017075891 A1 WO 2017075891A1 CN 2015099812 W CN2015099812 W CN 2015099812W WO 2017075891 A1 WO2017075891 A1 WO 2017075891A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
metal powder
feeding
lowering
cold
charging hopper
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PCT/CN2015/099812
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French (fr)
Chinese (zh)
Inventor
陈江波
周孝文
余岭
王同祥
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陈江波
周孝文
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Application filed by 陈江波, 周孝文 filed Critical 陈江波
Publication of WO2017075891A1 publication Critical patent/WO2017075891A1/en

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    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42BEXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
    • F42B4/00Fireworks, i.e. pyrotechnic devices for amusement, display, illumination or signal purposes
    • F42B4/18Simulations, e.g. pine cone, house that is destroyed, warship, volcano

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of cold fire-blasting devices, and in particular to a blanking device for a cold fire-fired hair-blasting device and a cold-fire-fired hair-blasting device comprising the above-described blanking device.
  • stage performances are set off by the use of cold fireworks to promote the atmosphere of the performance. In terms of achieving the stage effect, it achieved good results.
  • the cold fireworks fired on the stage are all used in a one-time cold flame tube, and a mixture of gunpowder and metal powder is placed in the cold flame tube and placed in the ignition head device.
  • the ignition device is controlled by an electrical connection to generate a spark to ignite the gunpowder.
  • the high temperature generated by the combustion of gunpowder ignites the metal powder mixed with it, and the high pressure generated by the combustion of the gunpowder realizes the eruption of the burning metal powder to achieve the effect of cold fire. Due to the presence of gunpowder, there is a certain risk in the production, transportation and discharge of such cold flame tubes.
  • the ignition head device used in this cold flame tube is a dangerous item, which is easy to be disassembled by illegal elements for illegal use and causes a public safety accident.
  • the cold flame tube generates a relatively strong smoke and a pungent odor when it is discharged, which easily pollutes the environment.
  • There are also many shortcomings such as the cold fireworks emitted by the cold flame tube, which have short fireworks eruption time, uncontrollable fireworks eruption time, and non-recyclable cold flame tube.
  • the existing cold flame cutting material has difficulty in controlling the stability of the metal powder. There is discontinuity in the material, it is impossible to continuously cut the material, and the unloading is uneven, which causes the eruption effect of the cold fireworks to be uncontrollable, thereby losing its function of displaying the visual effect of the stage.
  • the main object of the present invention is to provide a metal powder blanking material with easy control of stability, continuous and uniform material feeding, controllable effect of cold fireworks, and better display of stage visual effects for cold fireworks.
  • the unloading device of the eruption device and the cold flame fire erupting device is to provide a metal powder blanking material with easy control of stability, continuous and uniform material feeding, controllable effect of cold fireworks, and better display of stage visual effects for cold fireworks.
  • a blanking apparatus for a cold flame fire ejecting apparatus comprising a charging hopper for storing metal powder and a dropping funnel for metal powder blanking, a lower portion and a lower portion of the charging hopper
  • a rotary feeding mechanism for continuously pushing the metal powder in the charging hopper into the dropping funnel by circumferential rotation is disposed between the upper portions of the material funnel, and the rotating feeding mechanism is mounted on the charging hopper, and the output end of the rotating feeding mechanism is oriented
  • the output funnel is connected to the delivery mechanism for heating the metal powder and feeding it to the next step.
  • the rotary feeding mechanism comprises a control lowering pipe for communicating the charging hopper and the lowering funnel, is arranged axially along the control lowering pipe in the control lowering pipe inner cavity and is used for continuously rotating the metal powder in the charging hopper by rotation
  • the helical projections have the same radial dimension or a radial dimension that gradually decreases from the charging hopper to the funnel direction; and/or the helical recessed configuration has the same radial dimension or radial dimension from the charging hopper The direction of the funnel gradually increases.
  • the unloading roller shaft is a screw.
  • control lowering pipe is provided with an adjusting mechanism for adjusting the gap between the inner wall surface of the lower feeding pipe and the lowering roller shaft.
  • the blanking roller shaft is disposed on the lower bottom surface of the charging hopper, and the lowering control tube and the bottom surface of the charging hopper are partially overlapped.
  • the bottom of the charging hopper is provided with a movable bottom plate for adjusting the distance between the lowering roller shaft and the lower bottom surface of the charging hopper.
  • the orientation of the output end of the rotary feed mechanism is adjustable.
  • the conveying mechanism includes a feeding port connecting the discharging funnel and feeding the metal powder to the feeding screw of the next process, a feeding pipe sleeved outside the feeding screw rod, a heating ring sleeved outside the feeding pipe, and The heating ring insulation sleeve is disposed outside the feeding tube and the heating ring; the bottom of the dropping funnel is fixed on the feeding tube.
  • the rotary feeding mechanism and the conveying mechanism are synchronously operated by the same driving mechanism; or the rotating feeding mechanism and the conveying mechanism are respectively provided with independent driving mechanisms, and are separately controlled.
  • a cold flame fire ejecting apparatus comprising the above-described unloading apparatus for a cold flame fire ejecting apparatus.
  • the utility model relates to a feeding device for a cold flame fire erupting device, which is provided with a rotary feeding mechanism between a charging hopper and a dropping funnel, and the rotating feeding mechanism rotates through the metal powder in the charging hopper, and rotates the rotating body by the rotating feeding mechanism
  • the surface relief structure drives the metal powder to move toward the feeding funnel, thereby achieving continuous conveying of the metal powder from the charging hopper to the dropping funnel. It can ensure the continuity and uniformity of metal powder transportation, and there is no metal powder delivery pause during transportation.
  • the metal powder conveying amount during the conveying process is always kept constant, so that the metal powder delivered to the cold flame fire erupting always maintains the quantitative and constant speed, and the cold fireworks can be well controlled.
  • the eruption effect is better to show the stage effect of the cold fireworks.
  • the output end of the dropping funnel is directly connected to the conveying mechanism, so that the quantitatively obtained metal powder can be timely conveyed to the next process, ensuring the orderly execution of the cold fireworks eruption without causing accumulation and jam of the metal powder.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a cold flame fire erupting apparatus according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of a blanking device for a cold flame fire erupting apparatus according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention
  • Figure 3 is a schematic structural view of a conveying mechanism of a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 is a second structural schematic view of a blanking device for a cold flame fire erupting apparatus according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 5 is a schematic structural view of a lowering roller shaft of a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 6 is a second structural schematic view of a lowering roller shaft according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 7 is a third structural schematic view of a lowering roller shaft according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 8 is a schematic view showing the structure of a control discharge pipe according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 9 is a schematic structural view of a charging hopper according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 10 is a second schematic view showing the structure of a charging hopper according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a cold flame fire erupting apparatus according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of a conveying mechanism of a preferred embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a conveying mechanism of a preferred embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic structural view of a blanking roller shaft according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 6 is a second structural schematic view of a blanking roller shaft according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention
  • Figure 7 is a third structural schematic view of a lowering roller shaft according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention
  • Figure 8 is a schematic structural view of a control lowering pipe according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention
  • Figure 9 is a structure of a charging hopper according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 10 is a second schematic structural view of a charging hopper according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
  • the embodiment provides a cold flame fire erupting apparatus, which comprises: a blanking device, a conveying mechanism 4, and a hairspraying mechanism 9.
  • the unloading device includes a charging hopper 1 for storing the metal powder 5 and a dropping funnel 2 for discharging the metal powder 5, and a lower portion of the charging hopper 1 and an upper portion of the dropping funnel 2 are provided for rotation by the circumferential direction.
  • the metal powder 5 in the charging hopper 1 is continuously pushed to the rotary feeding mechanism 3 in the lowering funnel 2.
  • the conveying mechanism 4 includes a feeding tube 402.
  • the feeding tube 402 is provided with a feeding screw 401 for continuously pushing the metal powder 5 to the hair ejection mechanism 9, and the feeding screw 401 is connected with a feeding driving motor 42 for driving the rotation of the feeding screw 401;
  • the 403 sets are disposed on the feeding pipe 402 for heating the metal powder 5 in the feeding pipe 402; the heating ring heat insulating sleeve 404 is sleeved outside the feeding pipe 402 and the heating ring 403.
  • at least one end of the feed pipe 402 is provided with a heat insulating gasket 41 for heat preservation and prevention of heat leakage.
  • the hair ejection mechanism 9 is provided with a hair ejection opening 91 and a fan 92 for discharging the metal powder 5 outputted by the conveying mechanism 4 and ignited by the heating ring 3 through the ejection port 91 to form a cold fireworks.
  • the metal powder 5 is heated by the heating coil 403 during the conveyance of the conveying mechanism 4 to become a combustible high-temperature state, and is in contact with the airflow (air) generated by the fan 92 after being output from the feeding pipe 402.
  • the ignited, ignited metal powder 5 is ejected through the ejecting port 91 by the air current generated by the fan 92 to form a cold fireworks.
  • the rotary feeding mechanism 3 is mounted on the charging hopper 1, and the output end of the rotating feeding mechanism 3 faces the lowering funnel 2;
  • the output end of the funnel 2 is connected to a conveying mechanism 4 for heating the metal powder 5 and feeding it to the next process.
  • the invention is used for the unloading device of the cold flame fire erupting device, and the rotary feeding mechanism 3 is provided between the charging hopper 1 and the dropping funnel 2, and the rotating feeding mechanism 3 passes Rotating in the metal powder 5 in the charging hopper 1 and moving the metal powder 5 toward the lowering funnel 2 by the surface uneven structure of the rotating body of the rotating feeding mechanism 3, thereby realizing the metal powder 5 from the charging hopper 1 to the dropping funnel 2 continuous delivery. It is possible to ensure the continuity and uniformity of the conveyance of the metal powder 5, and there is no phenomenon in which the metal powder 5 is transported and stopped during the conveyance.
  • the conveying amount of the metal powder 5 in the conveying process is always kept constant, so that the metal powder 5 delivered to the cold fireworks is always kept at a constant and constant speed, and can be well controlled.
  • the effect of the cold fireworks is better to show the stage effect of the cold fireworks.
  • the output end of the dropping funnel 2 is directly connected to the conveying mechanism 4, so that the fixed-speed quantitatively obtained metal powder 5 can be timely conveyed to the next process, ensuring the orderly execution of the cold fireworks eruption without causing the accumulation and jam of the metal powder 5.
  • the charging hopper 1 adopts an inverted conical structure of a large size and a small size to ensure the output efficiency of the metal powder 5.
  • the metal powder 5 is formed by mixing and mixing metal powder having a low ignition point at a certain ratio.
  • the metal powder 5 is made of at least one metal powder of aluminum, iron, lanthanum, magnesium, calcium, zirconium, copper, titanium; the metal powder 5 is made of aluminum, iron, lanthanum, magnesium, calcium, zirconium, copper, titanium. At least one metal compound powder.
  • the metal powder 5 may also be a mixed powder in which the above metal powder is mixed with the above metal compound.
  • the rotary feeding mechanism 3 includes a control lowering pipe 301 for communicating the charging hopper 1 and the lowering funnel 2, and is axially arranged along the control discharging pipe 301 for controlling the blanking.
  • the inner chamber of the tube 301 is used to continuously feed the metal powder 5 in the charging hopper 1 to the lowering roll shaft 302 in the lowering funnel 2 and the blanking drive motor 303 for driving the lowering roll shaft 302 to rotate.
  • the blanking roller shaft 302 is driven by the blanking drive motor 303 to rotate in the metal powder in the charging hopper 1.
  • the surface of the blanking roller shaft 302 is used to drive the metal powder 5 to enter the lowering funnel 2 by controlling the lowering pipe 301.
  • the amount of metal powder 5 to be discharged can be controlled by controlling the gap between the lowering roll shaft 302 and the controlled lowering pipe 301.
  • the blanking speed of the metal powder 5 can be controlled by the rotational speed of the blanking roller shaft 302.
  • the blanking drive motor 303 employs a motor whose output speed is adjustable. By changing the output speed of the motor, the rotation speed of the lower roll shaft 302 is controlled, thereby controlling the blanking speed and the amount of the metal powder to change the effect of the cold flame fire.
  • the surface of the lower roll shaft 302 is provided with a continuous spiral convex structure. Forming 6 and a continuous spiral recessed structure 7 to form a structure in which the spiral convex structure 6 and the spiral recessed structure 7 alternate, thereby forming a large radial rise and fall of the surface of the blanking roll shaft 302, which can increase the metal powder 5 Push strength.
  • the surface of the lower roll shaft 302 is provided with only a continuous spiral convex structure 6.
  • the surface of the lower roll shaft 302 is provided with only a continuous spiral recessed configuration 7.
  • the continuous spiral protrusion structure 6 is used to increase the contact area of the surface of the lower roll shaft 302 with the metal powder 5, and the surface friction of the lower roll axis 302 is increased, thereby increasing the axial direction of the metal roll 5 by the lower roll axis 302.
  • the pushing force, and due to the continuity of the surface structure, can also continuously and continuously provide the pushing force to the metal powder 5.
  • the pushing force and the recessed structure can reduce the cross-sectional size of the conveying path, thereby reducing the material cost, reducing the friction probability of the lowering roller shaft 302 and the peripheral mold, and increasing the service life.
  • the spiral projection structure 6 has the same radial dimension.
  • the helical recessed configuration 7 has the same radial dimension.
  • the radial dimension of the helical projection formation 6 tapers from the direction of the charging hopper 1 to the funnel 2
  • the radial dimension of the helical recessed configuration 7 is from the loading hopper 1 to the funnel 2 Gradually increase.
  • the radial extent of the helical projection formation 6 tapers from the direction of the charging hopper 1 to the funnel 2 .
  • the radial dimension of the helical recessed configuration 7 gradually increases from the direction of the charging hopper 1 to the funnel 2 .
  • the use of a radially gradual structure to form an agitating force to the interior of the charging hopper eliminates the problem of long-term accumulation of the metal powder 5.
  • the driving force which gradually decreases from the direction of the charging hopper 2 in the direction of the funnel 2 can be formed, so that the metal powder 5 away from the dropping funnel 2 is gathered toward the feeding funnel 2, thereby improving the utilization of the metal powder and preventing the metal powder. 5 piled up to the corner and could not be used.
  • the unloading roller shaft 302 is a screw rod 8.
  • a uniform and stable concave-convex structure is formed on the surface of the screw rod to form a stable pushing force to the metal powder 5, thereby forming a continuous and uniform cutting.
  • the control lowering pipe 301 is provided with an adjustment mechanism for adjusting the gap between the inner wall surface of the lower feeding pipe 301 and the lowering roller shaft 302.
  • the adjusting mechanism can adopt a hoop and a hoop provided on the inner wall surface of the control lowering pipe 301, and adjust the gap between the inner wall surface of the lower feeding pipe 301 and the lowering roller shaft 302 by controlling the tightening degree of the hoop or the hoop.
  • the adjusting mechanism can be adopted to: control the main body of the lowering tube 301 to have a movable wall surface that can move in the radial direction, and adopt a fully closed connection between the movable wall surface and the fixed wall surface, and the fully closed connection is made of a flexible material or an elastic material.
  • the sealing pipe 301 is controlled to be sealed with the charging hopper and the dropping funnel, and the sealing connection is a sealing film, a plastic film or an elastic film.
  • the lowering roller shaft 302 is attached to the lower bottom surface of the charging hopper 1, and the lowering tube 301 is controlled to partially overlap the lower bottom surface of the charging hopper 1.
  • the lowering roll shaft 302 is on the bottom surface of the charging hopper 1, so that the metal powder 5 can be fully utilized.
  • the bottom of the charging hopper 1 is provided with a movable bottom plate a for adjusting the distance between the lowering roller shaft 302 and the lower bottom surface of the charging hopper 1.
  • the distance between the movable bottom plate and the lower roll shaft 302 can be controlled by adjusting the lifting and lowering of the movable bottom plate, thereby improving the utilization rate of the metal powder 5 and preventing the remaining amount of the metal powder when the material is cut.
  • the orientation of the output end of the rotary feed mechanism 3 is adjustable. By adjusting the orientation of the output end, the output of the metal powder 5 at different angles is formed, thereby controlling the amount of the metal powder 5 to be discharged, thereby changing the effect of the cold flame fire eruption.
  • the feeding screw 401 is connected to the discharge opening of the lowering funnel 2 and is used for feeding the metal powder 5 to the next process, and the feeding tube 402 is sleeved on the feeding wire. Outside the rod 401.
  • the metal powder 5 output from the lowering funnel 2 is directly and stably conveyed through the feeding screw 401 in the next step, and the metal powder 5 in the conveying process is heated by the heating coil 403 to facilitate the excitation before the eruption.
  • the heating coil 404 is ensured that the heat of the heating coil 403 is not lost, thereby ensuring the heating efficiency, and also capable of isolating the heat overflow, ensuring the safety of other process steps, and improving the safety of the entire ejecting device.
  • the bottom of the lowering funnel 2 is fixed to the feeding tube 402. Thereby forming a stable structure from blanking to feeding.
  • the rotary feeding mechanism 3 and the conveying mechanism 4 are synchronously operated by the same driving mechanism.
  • the same drive mechanism is used for synchronous operation, which facilitates the operation control of the entire mechanism and the continuity of the process.
  • the rotating feeding mechanism 3 and the conveying mechanism 4 are also Separate drives are provided and controlled separately. According to this, different processes can be separately controlled to achieve different eruption effects.
  • the cold flame fire ejecting apparatus of this embodiment includes the above-described unloading device for a cold flame fire ejecting apparatus.
  • a blanking device for a cold fireworks erupting apparatus comprising: a loading hopper 1, a lowering screw (a lowering roller shaft 302), a blanking drive motor 303, a control lowering tube 301, and a lower Feed funnel 2.
  • the charging hopper 1 is used for storage of the metal powder 5.
  • the lowering screw (the lowering roller shaft 302) continuously and uniformly transports the metal powder 5 in the charging hopper 1 to the conveying mechanism 4.
  • the blank drive motor 303 provides a power source for the entire unloading device. Controlling the lowering tube 301 ensures that the metal powder 5 is uniformly fed into the lowering funnel 2.
  • the lowering funnel 2 guides the metal powder 5 to the conveying mechanism 4.
  • the amount of metal powder 5 can be controlled by controlling the rotation speed of the blank driving motor 303, and the spark state of the cold fireworks can be controlled to ensure long-term continuity.
  • the conveying mechanism 4 includes a feed screw 401, a feed pipe 402, a ceramic bearing, a sprocket, a chain, and a feed drive motor.
  • the feed screw 401 sends the metal powder 5 guided by the lowering funnel 2 to a heating device to ignite, and sends the ignited metal powder 5 to the outlet pipe.
  • the feed tube 402 ensures uniformity of the metal powder 5 in the feed screw 401 and also provides a closed space for ignition of the metal powder 5.
  • the ceramic bearing is made of a ceramic material such as alumina or silicon oxide for fixing the feed screw 401 and avoiding heat transfer.
  • the geared motor drives the feed screw 401 through the sprocket and the chain, so that the feed screw 401 can be smoothly rotated to ensure smooth and continuous operation of the device, reduce noise, and prevent the card from being stopped and stuck.
  • the heating device includes a heating coil 403 and a heating coil insulation sleeve 404.
  • the heating coil 403 heats the conveying mechanism 4 to the metal powder 5 in this region to completely ignite it.
  • the heating coil heat insulating sleeve 404 can be made of a heat insulating material such as zirconia or asbestos to ensure that the temperature in the heating region of the conveying mechanism 4 is constant, so that the metal powder is completely ignited, and the high temperature at the place can be prevented from being transmitted to other regions.
  • the problem of unstable and discontinuous feeding of cold fireworks erupting equipment is solved.
  • the screw structure is used instead of the push rod structure, the uniform rotation speed of the driving drive motor 303 and the feeding drive motor is utilized, the blanking buffer function of the lowering funnel 2 is utilized, and the lowering tube 301 and the lowering screw are controlled.
  • the gap between the (feeding roller shafts 302) allows the metal powder 5 to be smoothly, continuously and smoothly slid into the feed screw 401, thereby solving the problem of unstable and discontinuous cold flame cutting.
  • the metal powder 5 in the charging hopper 1 can be adjusted by adjusting the gap between the lowering screw (the lowering roller shaft 302) and the bottom of the charging hopper 1.
  • the complete blanking is carried out into the feeding device (conveying mechanism 4), thereby solving the problem of the remaining amount when the metal powder 5 is discharged.
  • the metal powder 5 can be uniformly, smoothly and continuously slipped from the lowering funnel 2 to the feeding screw 401, and the uniform rotation speed of the feeding drive motor further ensures the feeding screw 401.
  • the uniformity, smoothness and continuity of the upper metal powder 5 realize the uniformity, stability and continuity of the flame during the eruption of the cold flame fire erupting device.
  • the feeding device adopts a gear motor and a screw rod structure to replace the electromagnet and the push rod structure to cut off the material, which can eliminate the noise generated when the electromagnet sucks the push rod, and effectively avoid the jam of the cutting material, thereby solving the problem of the cold flame fire erupting equipment cutting. Problems such as large noise, discontinuity, and poor stability.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Filling Or Emptying Of Bunkers, Hoppers, And Tanks (AREA)

Abstract

Provided are a material discharge apparatus used for a cold-firework eruption device, and a cold-firework eruption device. The material discharge apparatus used for a cold-firework eruption device comprises a material-loading hopper (1) used for storing metal powder (5) and a material discharge funnel (2) used for discharging the metal powder (5); a rotating material-feeding mechanism (3) used for continuously pushing the metal powder (5) in the material-loading hopper (1) into the material discharge funnel (2) by means of circumferential rotation is provided between the lower part of the material-loading hopper (1) and the upper part of the material discharge funnel (2); the rotating material-feeding mechanism (3) is mounted on the material-loading hopper (1), and the output end of the rotating material-feeding mechanism (3) faces into the material discharge funnel (2); the output end of the material discharge funnel (2) is in communication with a delivery mechanism (4) used for heating the metal powder (5) and delivering same to the subsequent process step. By means of stable rotation and the constancy of the surface of the rotating body, the amount of metal powder (5) delivered during the process of delivery remains constant, such that the metal powder (5) delivered for cold-firework eruption is always delivered in a constant amount and at a constant speed; the effect of the eruption of the cold firework is thus well-controlled, and the on-stage effect of the cold firework is exhibited better.

Description

用于冷焰火喷发设备的下料装置及冷焰火喷发设备Cutting device for cold flame fire erupting equipment and cold flame fire erupting device 技术领域Technical field
本发明涉及冷焰火喷射装置领域,特别地,涉及一种用于冷焰火喷发设备的下料装置以及包括上述下料装置的冷焰火喷发设备。The present invention relates to the field of cold fire-blasting devices, and in particular to a blanking device for a cold fire-fired hair-blasting device and a cold-fire-fired hair-blasting device comprising the above-described blanking device.
背景技术Background technique
现在各种舞台演出活动大都通过燃放冷焰火来烘托气氛,推动演出活动高潮的出现。在实现舞台效果方面,达到了很好的效果。Nowadays, most of the stage performances are set off by the use of cold fireworks to promote the atmosphere of the performance. In terms of achieving the stage effect, it achieved good results.
目前舞台上燃放的冷焰火均用一次性燃放的冷焰火筒,冷焰火筒中装入火药和金属粉末的混合物并且置入点火头装置。冷焰火燃放时通过电气连接控制点火头装置产生火花点燃火药。火药燃烧产生的高温点燃与之混合的金属粉末,火药燃烧产生的高压实现燃烧金属粉末的喷发而达到冷焰火效果。由于有火药的存在,这种冷焰火筒在生产、运输以及燃放过程中均存在一定的危险性。这种冷焰火筒采用的点火头装置属于危爆物品,容易被不法分子拆装进行违法使用而造成公共安全事故。此外这种冷焰火筒在燃放时产生较为强烈的烟雾以及刺激性气味的气体,容易污染环境。还有这种冷焰火筒燃放的冷焰火具有焰火喷发时间短、焰火喷发时间不可操控以及冷焰火筒不可循环利用等诸多弊端。At present, the cold fireworks fired on the stage are all used in a one-time cold flame tube, and a mixture of gunpowder and metal powder is placed in the cold flame tube and placed in the ignition head device. When the cold flame fire is discharged, the ignition device is controlled by an electrical connection to generate a spark to ignite the gunpowder. The high temperature generated by the combustion of gunpowder ignites the metal powder mixed with it, and the high pressure generated by the combustion of the gunpowder realizes the eruption of the burning metal powder to achieve the effect of cold fire. Due to the presence of gunpowder, there is a certain risk in the production, transportation and discharge of such cold flame tubes. The ignition head device used in this cold flame tube is a dangerous item, which is easy to be disassembled by illegal elements for illegal use and causes a public safety accident. In addition, the cold flame tube generates a relatively strong smoke and a pungent odor when it is discharged, which easily pollutes the environment. There are also many shortcomings such as the cold fireworks emitted by the cold flame tube, which have short fireworks eruption time, uncontrollable fireworks eruption time, and non-recyclable cold flame tube.
现在也存在利用金属粉末下料装置持续供应金属粉末,利用激发金属粉末的方式进行持续产生冷焰火的冷焰火喷发设备,然而现有的冷焰火下料存在金属粉末下料稳定性难以控制、下料存在间断性,不能够连续下料,下料不均匀,造成冷焰火的喷发效果不可控,从而失去其展现舞台可视效果的功能。 At present, there is also a cold flame fire erupting apparatus that continuously supplies a metal powder by using a metal powder cutting device, and continuously generates a cold fire by exciting metal powder. However, the existing cold flame cutting material has difficulty in controlling the stability of the metal powder. There is discontinuity in the material, it is impossible to continuously cut the material, and the unloading is uneven, which causes the eruption effect of the cold fireworks to be uncontrollable, thereby losing its function of displaying the visual effect of the stage.
发明内容Summary of the invention
有鉴于此,本发明的主要目的在于提供了一种金属粉末下料稳定性容易控制,能够连续均匀下料,冷焰火的喷发效果可控,更好地展现舞台可视效果的用于冷焰火喷发设备的下料装置及冷焰火喷发设备。In view of this, the main object of the present invention is to provide a metal powder blanking material with easy control of stability, continuous and uniform material feeding, controllable effect of cold fireworks, and better display of stage visual effects for cold fireworks. The unloading device of the eruption device and the cold flame fire erupting device.
根据本发明的一个方面,提供一种用于冷焰火喷发设备的下料装置,包括用于储存金属粉末的装料料斗以及用于金属粉末下料的下料漏斗,装料料斗的下部与下料漏斗的上部之间设有用于通过周向旋转将装料料斗内的金属粉末连续推送至下料漏斗内的旋转送料机构,旋转送料机构安装于装料料斗上,旋转送料机构的输出端朝向下料漏斗内;下料漏斗的输出端连通至用于将金属粉末加热并送至下一工序的输送机构。According to an aspect of the invention, there is provided a blanking apparatus for a cold flame fire ejecting apparatus, comprising a charging hopper for storing metal powder and a dropping funnel for metal powder blanking, a lower portion and a lower portion of the charging hopper A rotary feeding mechanism for continuously pushing the metal powder in the charging hopper into the dropping funnel by circumferential rotation is disposed between the upper portions of the material funnel, and the rotating feeding mechanism is mounted on the charging hopper, and the output end of the rotating feeding mechanism is oriented The output funnel is connected to the delivery mechanism for heating the metal powder and feeding it to the next step.
进一步地,旋转送料机构包括用于连通装料料斗和下料漏斗的控制下料管、沿控制下料管轴向布置于控制下料管内腔并用于通过旋转将装料料斗内的金属粉末连续送至下料漏斗内的下料辊轴以及用于驱动下料辊轴旋转的下料驱动电机;下料辊轴表面设有连续的螺旋状凸起构造和/或连续的螺旋状凹陷构造。Further, the rotary feeding mechanism comprises a control lowering pipe for communicating the charging hopper and the lowering funnel, is arranged axially along the control lowering pipe in the control lowering pipe inner cavity and is used for continuously rotating the metal powder in the charging hopper by rotation The feeding roller shaft sent to the lowering funnel and the blanking driving motor for driving the rotation of the blanking roller shaft; the surface of the lowering roller shaft is provided with a continuous spiral convex structure and/or a continuous spiral concave structure.
进一步地,螺旋状凸起构造的径向尺寸相同或者径向尺寸从装料料斗向下料漏斗方向逐渐减小;和/或螺旋状凹陷构造的径向尺寸相同或者径向尺寸从装料料斗向下料漏斗方向逐渐增大。Further, the helical projections have the same radial dimension or a radial dimension that gradually decreases from the charging hopper to the funnel direction; and/or the helical recessed configuration has the same radial dimension or radial dimension from the charging hopper The direction of the funnel gradually increases.
进一步地,下料辊轴采用丝杆。Further, the unloading roller shaft is a screw.
进一步地,控制下料管设有用于调节控制下料管内壁面与下料辊轴之间间隙的调节机构。Further, the control lowering pipe is provided with an adjusting mechanism for adjusting the gap between the inner wall surface of the lower feeding pipe and the lowering roller shaft.
进一步地,下料辊轴贴合于装料料斗下底面布置,控制下料管与装料料斗下底面部分重叠。Further, the blanking roller shaft is disposed on the lower bottom surface of the charging hopper, and the lowering control tube and the bottom surface of the charging hopper are partially overlapped.
进一步地,装料料斗的底部设有用于调节下料辊轴与装料料斗下底面之间间距的活动底板。Further, the bottom of the charging hopper is provided with a movable bottom plate for adjusting the distance between the lowering roller shaft and the lower bottom surface of the charging hopper.
进一步地,旋转送料机构的输出端的朝向可调。 Further, the orientation of the output end of the rotary feed mechanism is adjustable.
进一步地,输送机构包括连接下料漏斗的出料口并用于将金属粉末送至下一工序的送料丝杆、套设于送料丝杆外的送料管、套设于送料管外的加热圈以及套设于送料管和加热圈外的加热圈保温套管;下料漏斗的底部固定于送料管上。Further, the conveying mechanism includes a feeding port connecting the discharging funnel and feeding the metal powder to the feeding screw of the next process, a feeding pipe sleeved outside the feeding screw rod, a heating ring sleeved outside the feeding pipe, and The heating ring insulation sleeve is disposed outside the feeding tube and the heating ring; the bottom of the dropping funnel is fixed on the feeding tube.
进一步地,旋转送料机构与输送机构采用同一驱动机构而同步运转;或者旋转送料机构与输送机构分别设有独立的驱动机构,并且分别控制。Further, the rotary feeding mechanism and the conveying mechanism are synchronously operated by the same driving mechanism; or the rotating feeding mechanism and the conveying mechanism are respectively provided with independent driving mechanisms, and are separately controlled.
根据本发明的另一个方面,提供一种冷焰火喷发设备,包括上述用于冷焰火喷发设备的下料装置。According to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a cold flame fire ejecting apparatus comprising the above-described unloading apparatus for a cold flame fire ejecting apparatus.
本发明具有以下有益效果:The invention has the following beneficial effects:
本发明用于冷焰火喷发设备的下料装置,通过在装料料斗与下料漏斗之间设置旋转送料机构,旋转送料机构通过在装料料斗内的金属粉末中旋转,利用旋转送料机构旋转体的表面凹凸结构带动金属粉末朝向下料漏斗方向移动,从而实现金属粉末从装料料斗到下料漏斗的连续输送。能够保证金属粉末输送的连续性和均匀性,输送过程中不存在金属粉末输送停顿的现象。并且通过稳定的旋转以及旋转体表面状况的恒定性,使得输送过程中的金属粉末输送量始终保持恒定,使得输送至冷焰火喷发的金属粉末始终保持定量和定速,能够很好的控制冷焰火的喷发效果,更好的展现冷焰火的舞台效果。下料漏斗的输出端直接连接输送机构,使得定速定量获得金属粉末可以及时的输送至下一工序,保证冷焰火喷发的有序进行,不会造成金属粉末的堆积和卡停。The utility model relates to a feeding device for a cold flame fire erupting device, which is provided with a rotary feeding mechanism between a charging hopper and a dropping funnel, and the rotating feeding mechanism rotates through the metal powder in the charging hopper, and rotates the rotating body by the rotating feeding mechanism The surface relief structure drives the metal powder to move toward the feeding funnel, thereby achieving continuous conveying of the metal powder from the charging hopper to the dropping funnel. It can ensure the continuity and uniformity of metal powder transportation, and there is no metal powder delivery pause during transportation. And through the stable rotation and the constantity of the surface condition of the rotating body, the metal powder conveying amount during the conveying process is always kept constant, so that the metal powder delivered to the cold flame fire erupting always maintains the quantitative and constant speed, and the cold fireworks can be well controlled. The eruption effect is better to show the stage effect of the cold fireworks. The output end of the dropping funnel is directly connected to the conveying mechanism, so that the quantitatively obtained metal powder can be timely conveyed to the next process, ensuring the orderly execution of the cold fireworks eruption without causing accumulation and jam of the metal powder.
除了上面所描述的目的、特征和优点之外,本发明还有其它的目的、特征和优点。下面将参照图,对本发明作进一步详细的说明。In addition to the objects, features and advantages described above, the present invention has other objects, features and advantages. The invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the drawings.
附图说明DRAWINGS
构成本申请的一部分的附图用来提供对本发明的进一步理解,本发明的示意性实施例及其说明用于解释本发明,并不构成对本发明的不当限定。在附图中: The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in the claims In the drawing:
图1是本发明优选实施例的冷焰火喷发设备的结构示意图;1 is a schematic structural view of a cold flame fire erupting apparatus according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention;
图2是本发明优选实施例的用于冷焰火喷发设备的下料装置的结构示意图之一;2 is a schematic structural view of a blanking device for a cold flame fire erupting apparatus according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention;
图3是本发明优选实施例的输送机构的结构示意图;Figure 3 is a schematic structural view of a conveying mechanism of a preferred embodiment of the present invention;
图4是本发明优选实施例的用于冷焰火喷发设备的下料装置的结构示意图之二;4 is a second structural schematic view of a blanking device for a cold flame fire erupting apparatus according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention;
图5是本发明优选实施例的下料辊轴的结构示意图之一;Figure 5 is a schematic structural view of a lowering roller shaft of a preferred embodiment of the present invention;
图6是本发明优选实施例的下料辊轴的结构示意图之二;Figure 6 is a second structural schematic view of a lowering roller shaft according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention;
图7是本发明优选实施例的下料辊轴的结构示意图之三;Figure 7 is a third structural schematic view of a lowering roller shaft according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention;
图8是本发明优选实施例的控制下料管的结构示意图;Figure 8 is a schematic view showing the structure of a control discharge pipe according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention;
图9是本发明优选实施例的装料料斗的结构示意图之一;Figure 9 is a schematic structural view of a charging hopper according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention;
图10是本发明优选实施例的装料料斗的结构示意图之二。Figure 10 is a second schematic view showing the structure of a charging hopper according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
附图标记说明:Description of the reference signs:
1、装料料斗;2、下料漏斗;3、旋转送料机构;301、控制下料管;302、下料辊轴;303、下料驱动电机;4、输送机构;401、送料丝杆;402、送料管;403、加热圈;404、加热圈保温套管;41、隔热垫圈;42、送料驱动电机;5、金属粉末;6、螺旋状凸起构造;7、螺旋状凹陷构造;8、丝杆;9、喷发机构;91、喷发口;92、风机。1. Loading hopper; 2. Feeding funnel; 3. Rotating feeding mechanism; 301, controlling feeding tube; 302, feeding roller shaft; 303, feeding driving motor; 4. conveying mechanism; 401, feeding screw; 402, feeding tube; 403, heating ring; 404, heating ring insulation sleeve; 41, heat insulation gasket; 42, feeding drive motor; 5, metal powder; 6, spiral convex structure; 7, spiral concave structure; 8, screw; 9, eruption mechanism; 91, ejecting port; 92, fan.
具体实施方式detailed description
为使本发明的目的、技术方案和优点更加清楚明白,以下结合具体实施例,并参照附图,对本发明进一步详细说明。The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the specific embodiments of the invention.
图1是本发明优选实施例的冷焰火喷发设备的结构示意图;图2是 本发明优选实施例的用于冷焰火喷发设备的下料装置的结构示意图之一;图3是本发明优选实施例的输送机构的结构示意图;图4是本发明优选实施例的用于冷焰火喷发设备的下料装置的结构示意图之二;图5是本发明优选实施例的下料辊轴的结构示意图之一;图6是本发明优选实施例的下料辊轴的结构示意图之二;图7是本发明优选实施例的下料辊轴的结构示意图之三;图8是本发明优选实施例的控制下料管的结构示意图;图9是本发明优选实施例的装料料斗的结构示意图;图10是本发明优选实施例的装料料斗的结构示意图之二。1 is a schematic structural view of a cold flame fire erupting apparatus according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention; FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of a conveying mechanism of a preferred embodiment of the present invention; FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a conveying mechanism of a preferred embodiment of the present invention; FIG. FIG. 5 is a schematic structural view of a blanking roller shaft according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention; FIG. 6 is a second structural schematic view of a blanking roller shaft according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention; Figure 7 is a third structural schematic view of a lowering roller shaft according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention; Figure 8 is a schematic structural view of a control lowering pipe according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention; and Figure 9 is a structure of a charging hopper according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 10 is a second schematic structural view of a charging hopper according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
如图1所示,本实施例提供一种冷焰火喷发设备,该冷焰火喷发设备包括:下料装置、输送机构4、喷发机构9。下料装置包括储存金属粉末5的装料料斗1以及用于金属粉末5下料的下料漏斗2,装料料斗1的下部与下料漏斗2的上部之间设有用于通过周向旋转将装料料斗1内的金属粉末5连续推送至下料漏斗2内的旋转送料机构3。输送机构4包括送料管402,送料管402内设有用于将金属粉末5连续推送至喷发机构9的送料丝杆401,送料丝杠401连接驱动送料丝杆401旋转的送料驱动电机42;加热圈403套设于送料管402上,用于对送料管402内的金属粉末5进行加热;加热圈保温套管404套设于送料管402和加热圈403外。优选地,送料管402的至少一端设有用于保温和防止热量外泄的隔热垫圈41。另外,喷发机构9设有喷发口91及风机92,风机92用于将经输送机构4输出且在加热圈3作用下点燃的金属粉末5经喷发口91喷出以形成冷焰火。在此想说明的是,金属粉末5在输送机构4输送的过程中,被加热圈403加热,成为可燃烧的高温状态,在从送料管402输出后与风机92产生的气流(空气)接触而被点燃,点燃的金属粉末5在风机92产生的气流的作用下经喷发口91喷出以形成冷焰火。As shown in FIG. 1 , the embodiment provides a cold flame fire erupting apparatus, which comprises: a blanking device, a conveying mechanism 4, and a hairspraying mechanism 9. The unloading device includes a charging hopper 1 for storing the metal powder 5 and a dropping funnel 2 for discharging the metal powder 5, and a lower portion of the charging hopper 1 and an upper portion of the dropping funnel 2 are provided for rotation by the circumferential direction. The metal powder 5 in the charging hopper 1 is continuously pushed to the rotary feeding mechanism 3 in the lowering funnel 2. The conveying mechanism 4 includes a feeding tube 402. The feeding tube 402 is provided with a feeding screw 401 for continuously pushing the metal powder 5 to the hair ejection mechanism 9, and the feeding screw 401 is connected with a feeding driving motor 42 for driving the rotation of the feeding screw 401; The 403 sets are disposed on the feeding pipe 402 for heating the metal powder 5 in the feeding pipe 402; the heating ring heat insulating sleeve 404 is sleeved outside the feeding pipe 402 and the heating ring 403. Preferably, at least one end of the feed pipe 402 is provided with a heat insulating gasket 41 for heat preservation and prevention of heat leakage. Further, the hair ejection mechanism 9 is provided with a hair ejection opening 91 and a fan 92 for discharging the metal powder 5 outputted by the conveying mechanism 4 and ignited by the heating ring 3 through the ejection port 91 to form a cold fireworks. Here, it is to be noted that the metal powder 5 is heated by the heating coil 403 during the conveyance of the conveying mechanism 4 to become a combustible high-temperature state, and is in contact with the airflow (air) generated by the fan 92 after being output from the feeding pipe 402. The ignited, ignited metal powder 5 is ejected through the ejecting port 91 by the air current generated by the fan 92 to form a cold fireworks.
如图2所示,本实施例的用于冷焰火喷发设备的下料装置中,旋转送料机构3安装于装料料斗1上,旋转送料机构3的输出端朝向下料漏斗2内;下料漏斗2的输出端连通至用于将金属粉末5加热并送至下一工序的输送机构4。本发明用于冷焰火喷发设备的下料装置,通过在装料料斗1与下料漏斗2之间设置旋转送料机构3,旋转送料机构3通过 在装料料斗1内的金属粉末5中旋转,利用旋转送料机构3旋转体的表面凹凸结构带动金属粉末5朝向下料漏斗2方向移动,从而实现金属粉末5从装料料斗1到下料漏斗2的连续输送。能够保证金属粉末5输送的连续性和均匀性,输送过程中不存在金属粉末5输送停顿的现象。并且通过稳定的旋转以及旋转体表面状况的恒定性,使得输送过程中的金属粉末5输送量始终保持恒定,使得输送至冷焰火喷发的金属粉末5始终保持定量和定速,能够很好的控制冷焰火的喷发效果,更好的展现冷焰火的舞台效果。下料漏斗2的输出端直接连接输送机构4,使得定速定量获得金属粉末5可以及时的输送至下一工序,保证冷焰火喷发的有序进行,不会造成金属粉末5的堆积和卡停。可选地,装料料斗1采用上大下小的倒锥形结构,从而保证金属粉末5的输出效率。金属粉末5采用燃点低的金属粉末,按一定比例加工混合而成。优选地,金属粉末5采用铝、铁、锶、镁、钙、锆、铜、钛中的至少一种金属粉末;金属粉末5采用铝、铁、锶、镁、钙、锆、铜、钛中的至少一种金属化合物粉末。可选地,金属粉末5也可以采用上述金属粉末与上述金属化合物进行混合的混合粉末。As shown in FIG. 2, in the unloading device for the cold flame fire erupting apparatus of the present embodiment, the rotary feeding mechanism 3 is mounted on the charging hopper 1, and the output end of the rotating feeding mechanism 3 faces the lowering funnel 2; The output end of the funnel 2 is connected to a conveying mechanism 4 for heating the metal powder 5 and feeding it to the next process. The invention is used for the unloading device of the cold flame fire erupting device, and the rotary feeding mechanism 3 is provided between the charging hopper 1 and the dropping funnel 2, and the rotating feeding mechanism 3 passes Rotating in the metal powder 5 in the charging hopper 1 and moving the metal powder 5 toward the lowering funnel 2 by the surface uneven structure of the rotating body of the rotating feeding mechanism 3, thereby realizing the metal powder 5 from the charging hopper 1 to the dropping funnel 2 continuous delivery. It is possible to ensure the continuity and uniformity of the conveyance of the metal powder 5, and there is no phenomenon in which the metal powder 5 is transported and stopped during the conveyance. And through the stable rotation and the constancy of the surface condition of the rotating body, the conveying amount of the metal powder 5 in the conveying process is always kept constant, so that the metal powder 5 delivered to the cold fireworks is always kept at a constant and constant speed, and can be well controlled. The effect of the cold fireworks is better to show the stage effect of the cold fireworks. The output end of the dropping funnel 2 is directly connected to the conveying mechanism 4, so that the fixed-speed quantitatively obtained metal powder 5 can be timely conveyed to the next process, ensuring the orderly execution of the cold fireworks eruption without causing the accumulation and jam of the metal powder 5. . Alternatively, the charging hopper 1 adopts an inverted conical structure of a large size and a small size to ensure the output efficiency of the metal powder 5. The metal powder 5 is formed by mixing and mixing metal powder having a low ignition point at a certain ratio. Preferably, the metal powder 5 is made of at least one metal powder of aluminum, iron, lanthanum, magnesium, calcium, zirconium, copper, titanium; the metal powder 5 is made of aluminum, iron, lanthanum, magnesium, calcium, zirconium, copper, titanium. At least one metal compound powder. Alternatively, the metal powder 5 may also be a mixed powder in which the above metal powder is mixed with the above metal compound.
如图2-4所示,本实施例中,旋转送料机构3包括用于连通装料料斗1和下料漏斗2的控制下料管301、沿控制下料管301轴向布置于控制下料管301内腔并用于通过旋转将装料料斗1内的金属粉末5连续送至下料漏斗2内的下料辊轴302以及用于驱动下料辊轴302旋转的下料驱动电机303。通过下料驱动电机303驱动下料辊轴302在装料料斗1内的金属粉末中旋转,利用下料辊轴302表面凹凸结构带动金属粉末5通过控制下料管301进入到下料漏斗2中,以此完成金属粉末的下料。可以通过控制下料辊轴302与控制下料管301之间的间隙控制金属粉末5的下料量。可以通过下料辊轴302的旋转速度控制金属粉末5的下料速度。可选地,下料驱动电机303采用输出端转速可调的电机。通过改变电机的输出转速,控制下料辊轴302的旋转速度,从而控制金属粉末的下料速度和下料量,以此改变冷焰火喷发的效果。As shown in FIG. 2-4, in the present embodiment, the rotary feeding mechanism 3 includes a control lowering pipe 301 for communicating the charging hopper 1 and the lowering funnel 2, and is axially arranged along the control discharging pipe 301 for controlling the blanking. The inner chamber of the tube 301 is used to continuously feed the metal powder 5 in the charging hopper 1 to the lowering roll shaft 302 in the lowering funnel 2 and the blanking drive motor 303 for driving the lowering roll shaft 302 to rotate. The blanking roller shaft 302 is driven by the blanking drive motor 303 to rotate in the metal powder in the charging hopper 1. The surface of the blanking roller shaft 302 is used to drive the metal powder 5 to enter the lowering funnel 2 by controlling the lowering pipe 301. In order to complete the blanking of the metal powder. The amount of metal powder 5 to be discharged can be controlled by controlling the gap between the lowering roll shaft 302 and the controlled lowering pipe 301. The blanking speed of the metal powder 5 can be controlled by the rotational speed of the blanking roller shaft 302. Optionally, the blanking drive motor 303 employs a motor whose output speed is adjustable. By changing the output speed of the motor, the rotation speed of the lower roll shaft 302 is controlled, thereby controlling the blanking speed and the amount of the metal powder to change the effect of the cold flame fire.
如图7所示,可选地,下料辊轴302表面设有连续的螺旋状凸起构 造6和连续的螺旋状凹陷构造7,形成螺旋状凸起构造6与螺旋状凹陷构造7交替的结构,从而形成下料辊轴302表面大幅度的径向起落,能够增加对金属粉末5的推送力度。如图5所示,可选地,下料辊轴302表面只设有连续的螺旋状凸起构造6。如图6所示,可选地,下料辊轴302表面只设有连续的螺旋状凹陷构造7。通过连续的螺旋状凸起构造6以增加下料辊轴302表面与金属粉末5的接触面积,增加下料辊轴302的表面摩擦力,从而增加下料辊轴302对金属粉末5沿轴向的推送力,并且由于表面结构的连续性,也能够持续地和连续地提供对金属粉末5的推送力。通过连续的螺旋状凹陷构造7以增加下料辊轴302表面与金属粉末5的接触面积,增加下料辊轴302的表面摩擦力,从而增加下料辊轴302对金属粉末5沿轴向的推送力,并且采用凹陷的结构,可以减少输送路径的截面尺寸,从而降低材料成本,减少下料辊轴302与周边模具的摩擦几率,增加使用寿命。As shown in FIG. 7, optionally, the surface of the lower roll shaft 302 is provided with a continuous spiral convex structure. Forming 6 and a continuous spiral recessed structure 7 to form a structure in which the spiral convex structure 6 and the spiral recessed structure 7 alternate, thereby forming a large radial rise and fall of the surface of the blanking roll shaft 302, which can increase the metal powder 5 Push strength. As shown in FIG. 5, optionally, the surface of the lower roll shaft 302 is provided with only a continuous spiral convex structure 6. As shown in FIG. 6, optionally, the surface of the lower roll shaft 302 is provided with only a continuous spiral recessed configuration 7. The continuous spiral protrusion structure 6 is used to increase the contact area of the surface of the lower roll shaft 302 with the metal powder 5, and the surface friction of the lower roll axis 302 is increased, thereby increasing the axial direction of the metal roll 5 by the lower roll axis 302. The pushing force, and due to the continuity of the surface structure, can also continuously and continuously provide the pushing force to the metal powder 5. Through the continuous spiral recessed configuration 7 to increase the contact area of the surface of the blanking roller shaft 302 with the metal powder 5, the surface friction of the blanking roller shaft 302 is increased, thereby increasing the axial direction of the metal powder 5 by the blanking roller shaft 302. The pushing force and the recessed structure can reduce the cross-sectional size of the conveying path, thereby reducing the material cost, reducing the friction probability of the lowering roller shaft 302 and the peripheral mold, and increasing the service life.
如图5-7所示,本实施例中,可选地,螺旋状凸起构造6的径向尺寸相同。可选地,螺旋状凹陷构造7的径向尺寸相同。可选地,螺旋状凸起构造6的径向尺寸从装料料斗1向下料漏斗2方向逐渐减小,并且螺旋状凹陷构造7的径向尺寸从装料料斗1向下料漏斗2方向逐渐增大。可选地,螺旋状凸起构造6的径向尺寸从装料料斗1向下料漏斗2方向逐渐减小。可选地,螺旋状凹陷构造7的径向尺寸从装料料斗1向下料漏斗2方向逐渐增大。利用径向尺寸渐变的结构形成对装料料斗内腔的搅动力,可以消除金属粉末5长期堆积的问题。可以形成由装料料斗1向下料漏斗2方向逐渐减小的推动力,使得远离下料漏斗2的金属粉末5均朝向下料漏斗2方向聚拢,从而提高金属粉末的利用率,防止金属粉末5堆积到角落而无法利用的问题。As shown in FIGS. 5-7, in the present embodiment, optionally, the spiral projection structure 6 has the same radial dimension. Alternatively, the helical recessed configuration 7 has the same radial dimension. Alternatively, the radial dimension of the helical projection formation 6 tapers from the direction of the charging hopper 1 to the funnel 2, and the radial dimension of the helical recessed configuration 7 is from the loading hopper 1 to the funnel 2 Gradually increase. Alternatively, the radial extent of the helical projection formation 6 tapers from the direction of the charging hopper 1 to the funnel 2 . Alternatively, the radial dimension of the helical recessed configuration 7 gradually increases from the direction of the charging hopper 1 to the funnel 2 . The use of a radially gradual structure to form an agitating force to the interior of the charging hopper eliminates the problem of long-term accumulation of the metal powder 5. The driving force which gradually decreases from the direction of the charging hopper 2 in the direction of the funnel 2 can be formed, so that the metal powder 5 away from the dropping funnel 2 is gathered toward the feeding funnel 2, thereby improving the utilization of the metal powder and preventing the metal powder. 5 piled up to the corner and could not be used.
如图2和图4所示,本实施例中,下料辊轴302采用丝杆8。利用丝杆表面均匀稳定的凹凸结构,从而形成对金属粉末5稳定的推送力,从而形成连续、均匀的下料。As shown in FIG. 2 and FIG. 4, in the present embodiment, the unloading roller shaft 302 is a screw rod 8. A uniform and stable concave-convex structure is formed on the surface of the screw rod to form a stable pushing force to the metal powder 5, thereby forming a continuous and uniform cutting.
如图8所示,本实施例中,控制下料管301设有用于调节控制下料管301内壁面与下料辊轴302之间间隙的调节机构。可以调节金属粉末 5的下料量。调节机构可以采用设于控制下料管301内壁面的抱箍、环箍,通过控制抱箍或环箍的箍紧度,调节下料管301内壁面与下料辊轴302之间间隙。调节机构可以采用:控制下料管301本体具有可沿径向移动的活动壁面,活动壁面与固定壁面之间采用全封闭连接,全封闭连接采用柔性材料或弹性材料。控制下料管301与装料料斗和下料漏斗之间采用密封连接,密封连接采用密封膜、塑料膜或弹性膜。As shown in FIG. 8, in the present embodiment, the control lowering pipe 301 is provided with an adjustment mechanism for adjusting the gap between the inner wall surface of the lower feeding pipe 301 and the lowering roller shaft 302. Can adjust metal powder The amount of material to be discharged. The adjusting mechanism can adopt a hoop and a hoop provided on the inner wall surface of the control lowering pipe 301, and adjust the gap between the inner wall surface of the lower feeding pipe 301 and the lowering roller shaft 302 by controlling the tightening degree of the hoop or the hoop. The adjusting mechanism can be adopted to: control the main body of the lowering tube 301 to have a movable wall surface that can move in the radial direction, and adopt a fully closed connection between the movable wall surface and the fixed wall surface, and the fully closed connection is made of a flexible material or an elastic material. The sealing pipe 301 is controlled to be sealed with the charging hopper and the dropping funnel, and the sealing connection is a sealing film, a plastic film or an elastic film.
如图9所示,本实施例中,下料辊轴302贴合于装料料斗1下底面布置,控制下料管301与装料料斗1下底面部分重叠。下料辊轴302处于装料料斗1的底面,使得金属粉末5可以得到充分的利用。As shown in FIG. 9, in the present embodiment, the lowering roller shaft 302 is attached to the lower bottom surface of the charging hopper 1, and the lowering tube 301 is controlled to partially overlap the lower bottom surface of the charging hopper 1. The lowering roll shaft 302 is on the bottom surface of the charging hopper 1, so that the metal powder 5 can be fully utilized.
如图10所示,本实施例中,装料料斗1的底部设有用于调节下料辊轴302与装料料斗1下底面之间间距的活动底板a。可以通过调节活动底板的升降,控制活动底板与下料辊轴302之间的间距,从而提高金属粉末5的利用率,防止金属粉末下料时的剩余量问题。As shown in Fig. 10, in the present embodiment, the bottom of the charging hopper 1 is provided with a movable bottom plate a for adjusting the distance between the lowering roller shaft 302 and the lower bottom surface of the charging hopper 1. The distance between the movable bottom plate and the lower roll shaft 302 can be controlled by adjusting the lifting and lowering of the movable bottom plate, thereby improving the utilization rate of the metal powder 5 and preventing the remaining amount of the metal powder when the material is cut.
本实施例中,旋转送料机构3的输出端的朝向可调。通过调节输出端的朝向,从而形成不同角度的金属粉末5输出,从而控制金属粉末5的下料量,以此改变冷焰火喷发的效果。In this embodiment, the orientation of the output end of the rotary feed mechanism 3 is adjustable. By adjusting the orientation of the output end, the output of the metal powder 5 at different angles is formed, thereby controlling the amount of the metal powder 5 to be discharged, thereby changing the effect of the cold flame fire eruption.
如图1-3所示,本实施例的输送机构4中,送料丝杆401连接下料漏斗2的出料口并用于将金属粉末5送至下一工序,送料管402套设于送料丝杆401外。下料漏斗2输出的金属粉末5直接通过送料丝杆401均匀、稳定的朝下一个工序输送,通过加热圈403实施输送过程中的金属粉末5进行加热,以方便喷发前的激发。通过加热圈保温套管404保证加热圈403的热量不流失,从而保证加热效率,同时也能够隔绝热量外溢,保证其他工序环节的安全进行,提高整个喷发设备的安全性。下料漏斗2的底部固定于送料管402上。从而形成从下料到送料的稳定结构。As shown in FIG. 1-3, in the conveying mechanism 4 of the embodiment, the feeding screw 401 is connected to the discharge opening of the lowering funnel 2 and is used for feeding the metal powder 5 to the next process, and the feeding tube 402 is sleeved on the feeding wire. Outside the rod 401. The metal powder 5 output from the lowering funnel 2 is directly and stably conveyed through the feeding screw 401 in the next step, and the metal powder 5 in the conveying process is heated by the heating coil 403 to facilitate the excitation before the eruption. The heating coil 404 is ensured that the heat of the heating coil 403 is not lost, thereby ensuring the heating efficiency, and also capable of isolating the heat overflow, ensuring the safety of other process steps, and improving the safety of the entire ejecting device. The bottom of the lowering funnel 2 is fixed to the feeding tube 402. Thereby forming a stable structure from blanking to feeding.
本实施例中,可选地,旋转送料机构3与输送机构4采用同一驱动机构同步运转。采用同一驱动机构进行同步运转,方便整个机构的运行控制,以及工序的连续性。可选地,旋转送料机构3与输送机构4也可 分别设有独立的驱动,并且分别控制。据此,可以分别对不同工序进行控制,以实现不同喷发效果的控制。In this embodiment, optionally, the rotary feeding mechanism 3 and the conveying mechanism 4 are synchronously operated by the same driving mechanism. The same drive mechanism is used for synchronous operation, which facilitates the operation control of the entire mechanism and the continuity of the process. Optionally, the rotating feeding mechanism 3 and the conveying mechanism 4 are also Separate drives are provided and controlled separately. According to this, different processes can be separately controlled to achieve different eruption effects.
本实施例的冷焰火喷发设备,包括上述用于冷焰火喷发设备的下料装置。The cold flame fire ejecting apparatus of this embodiment includes the above-described unloading device for a cold flame fire ejecting apparatus.
具体地讲,提供一种用于冷焰火喷发设备的下料装置,包括:装料料斗1、下料丝杆(下料辊轴302)、下料驱动电机303、控制下料管301以及下料漏斗2。装料料斗1用于金属粉末5的储存。下料丝杆(下料辊轴302)连续均匀的运送装料料斗1中金属粉末5至输送机构4。下料驱动电机303为整个下料装置提供动力源。控制下料管301可以确保金属粉末5均匀的送进下料漏斗2中。下料漏斗2将金属粉末5导引至输送机构4。可通过控制下料驱动电机303的转速来控制金属粉末5的下料量,控制冷焰火的火花状态,确保其长时间的连续性。Specifically, a blanking device for a cold fireworks erupting apparatus is provided, comprising: a loading hopper 1, a lowering screw (a lowering roller shaft 302), a blanking drive motor 303, a control lowering tube 301, and a lower Feed funnel 2. The charging hopper 1 is used for storage of the metal powder 5. The lowering screw (the lowering roller shaft 302) continuously and uniformly transports the metal powder 5 in the charging hopper 1 to the conveying mechanism 4. The blank drive motor 303 provides a power source for the entire unloading device. Controlling the lowering tube 301 ensures that the metal powder 5 is uniformly fed into the lowering funnel 2. The lowering funnel 2 guides the metal powder 5 to the conveying mechanism 4. The amount of metal powder 5 can be controlled by controlling the rotation speed of the blank driving motor 303, and the spark state of the cold fireworks can be controlled to ensure long-term continuity.
输送机构4包括:送料丝杆401、送料管402、陶瓷轴承、链轮、链条以及送料驱动电机。送料丝杆401将下料漏斗2导引下来的金属粉末5送至加热装置点燃,并将点燃后的金属粉末5送至出口管中。送料管402即可确保金属粉末5在送料丝杆401中的均匀性,也可为金属粉末5的点燃提供封闭空间。陶瓷轴承采用氧化铝或氧化硅等陶瓷材料,用于固定送料丝杆401,并能避免热量的传递。减速电机通过链轮和链条驱动送料丝杆401,可使送料丝杆401平滑转动,保证设备运行的平稳、连续性,减少噪声,防止卡停、卡死。The conveying mechanism 4 includes a feed screw 401, a feed pipe 402, a ceramic bearing, a sprocket, a chain, and a feed drive motor. The feed screw 401 sends the metal powder 5 guided by the lowering funnel 2 to a heating device to ignite, and sends the ignited metal powder 5 to the outlet pipe. The feed tube 402 ensures uniformity of the metal powder 5 in the feed screw 401 and also provides a closed space for ignition of the metal powder 5. The ceramic bearing is made of a ceramic material such as alumina or silicon oxide for fixing the feed screw 401 and avoiding heat transfer. The geared motor drives the feed screw 401 through the sprocket and the chain, so that the feed screw 401 can be smoothly rotated to ensure smooth and continuous operation of the device, reduce noise, and prevent the card from being stopped and stuck.
加热装置包括:加热圈403和加热圈保温套管404。加热圈403加热输送机构4送至该区域内的金属粉末5,使其完全点燃。加热圈保温套管404可用氧化锆、石棉等保温材料,确保输送机构4中加热区域内的温度恒定,使金属粉末完全点燃,也可将避免该处的高温传递至其他区域。The heating device includes a heating coil 403 and a heating coil insulation sleeve 404. The heating coil 403 heats the conveying mechanism 4 to the metal powder 5 in this region to completely ignite it. The heating coil heat insulating sleeve 404 can be made of a heat insulating material such as zirconia or asbestos to ensure that the temperature in the heating region of the conveying mechanism 4 is constant, so that the metal powder is completely ignited, and the high temperature at the place can be prevented from being transmitted to other regions.
解决了冷焰火喷发设备下料不稳定和不连续的问题。下料时,采用丝杆结构取代推杆结构、利用下料驱动电机303和送料驱动电机的均匀转速、利用下料漏斗2的下料缓冲作用以及控制下料管301与下料丝杆 (下料辊轴302)之间的间隙,可使金属粉末5能够均匀、连续和平稳的滑入送料丝杆401上,进而解决了冷焰火下料不稳和不连续的问题。The problem of unstable and discontinuous feeding of cold fireworks erupting equipment is solved. When cutting, the screw structure is used instead of the push rod structure, the uniform rotation speed of the driving drive motor 303 and the feeding drive motor is utilized, the blanking buffer function of the lowering funnel 2 is utilized, and the lowering tube 301 and the lowering screw are controlled. The gap between the (feeding roller shafts 302) allows the metal powder 5 to be smoothly, continuously and smoothly slid into the feed screw 401, thereby solving the problem of unstable and discontinuous cold flame cutting.
解决了金属粉末下料余量的问题。由于下料丝杆(下料辊轴302)的丝杆结构,通过调节下料丝杆(下料辊轴302)和装料料斗1底部的间隙,可使装料料斗1内的金属粉末5能够完全的下料至送料装置(输送机构4)中去,进而解决了金属粉末5下料时剩余量的问题。Solved the problem of metal powder blanking. Due to the screw structure of the lowering screw (the lowering roller shaft 302), the metal powder 5 in the charging hopper 1 can be adjusted by adjusting the gap between the lowering screw (the lowering roller shaft 302) and the bottom of the charging hopper 1. The complete blanking is carried out into the feeding device (conveying mechanism 4), thereby solving the problem of the remaining amount when the metal powder 5 is discharged.
解决了冷焰火喷发设备喷发时火焰不稳定和不连续的问题。由于下料装置的结构特性,可使金属粉末5能够均匀的、平稳的和连续的由下料漏斗2滑落至送料丝杆401上,而送料驱动电机的均匀转速,进一步确保了送料丝杆401上金属粉末5的均匀性、平稳性和连续性,实现了冷焰火喷发设备喷发时火焰的均匀性、平稳性和连续性。Solved the problem of unstable and discontinuous flame when the cold fireworks eruption equipment erupted. Due to the structural characteristics of the unloading device, the metal powder 5 can be uniformly, smoothly and continuously slipped from the lowering funnel 2 to the feeding screw 401, and the uniform rotation speed of the feeding drive motor further ensures the feeding screw 401. The uniformity, smoothness and continuity of the upper metal powder 5 realize the uniformity, stability and continuity of the flame during the eruption of the cold flame fire erupting device.
解决了冷焰火下料时噪声大的问题。该下料装置采用减速电机和丝杆结构取代电磁铁和推杆结构下料,可消除电磁铁吸合推杆时产生噪声、有效避免下料卡死,进而解决了冷焰火喷发设备下料时噪声大、不连续、稳定性差等问题。Solved the problem of large noise when cold fireworks are cut. The feeding device adopts a gear motor and a screw rod structure to replace the electromagnet and the push rod structure to cut off the material, which can eliminate the noise generated when the electromagnet sucks the push rod, and effectively avoid the jam of the cutting material, thereby solving the problem of the cold flame fire erupting equipment cutting. Problems such as large noise, discontinuity, and poor stability.
以上所述的具体实施例,对本发明的目的、技术方案和有益效果进行了进一步详细说明,所应理解的是,以上所述仅为本发明的具体实施例而已,并不用于限制本发明,凡在本发明的精神和原则之内,所做的任何修改、等同替换、改进等,均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。 The specific embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail, and are not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and scope of the present invention are intended to be included within the scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

  1. 一种用于冷焰火喷发设备的下料装置,A blanking device for a cold fireworks erupting device,
    包括用于储存金属粉末(5)的装料料斗(1)以及用于所述金属粉末(5)下料的下料漏斗(2),A charging hopper (1) for storing metal powder (5) and a dropping funnel (2) for discharging the metal powder (5),
    其特征在于,It is characterized in that
    所述装料料斗(1)的下部与所述下料漏斗(2)的上部之间设有用于通过周向旋转将所述装料料斗(1)内的所述金属粉末(5)连续推送至所述下料漏斗(2)内的旋转送料机构(3),The lower portion of the charging hopper (1) and the upper portion of the dropping funnel (2) are provided for continuously pushing the metal powder (5) in the charging hopper (1) by circumferential rotation. To the rotary feeding mechanism (3) in the dropping funnel (2),
    所述旋转送料机构(3)安装于所述装料料斗(1)上,所述旋转送料机构(3)的输出端朝向所述下料漏斗(2)内;The rotary feeding mechanism (3) is mounted on the charging hopper (1), and the output end of the rotating feeding mechanism (3) faces the dropping funnel (2);
    所述下料漏斗(2)的输出端连通至用于将所述金属粉末(5)加热并送至下一工序的输送机构(4)。The output end of the lowering funnel (2) is connected to a conveying mechanism (4) for heating the metal powder (5) and feeding it to the next process.
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的用于冷焰火喷发设备的下料装置,其特征在于,A blanking device for a cold flame fire erupting apparatus according to claim 1, wherein
    所述旋转送料机构(3)包括用于连通所述装料料斗(1)和所述下料漏斗(2)的控制下料管(301)、沿所述控制下料管(301)轴向布置于所述控制下料管(301)内腔并用于通过旋转将所述装料料斗(1)内的金属粉末(5)连续送至所述下料漏斗(2)内的下料辊轴(302)以及用于驱动所述下料辊轴(302)旋转的下料驱动电机(303);The rotary feed mechanism (3) includes a control lowering pipe (301) for communicating the charging hopper (1) and the lowering funnel (2), along the axial direction of the controlled lowering pipe (301) Arranging in the inner cavity of the control lowering pipe (301) and for continuously feeding the metal powder (5) in the charging hopper (1) to the lowering roller shaft in the lowering funnel (2) by rotation (302) and a blanking drive motor (303) for driving the rotation of the blanking roller shaft (302);
    所述下料辊轴(302)表面设有连续的螺旋状凸起构造(6)和/或连续的螺旋状凹陷构造(7)。The surface of the blanking roller shaft (302) is provided with a continuous spiral convex configuration (6) and/or a continuous spiral concave configuration (7).
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的用于冷焰火喷发设备的下料装置,其特征在于,A blanking device for a cold flame fire erupting apparatus according to claim 2, wherein
    所述螺旋状凸起构造(6)的径向尺寸相同或者径向尺寸从所述装料料斗(1)向所述下料漏斗(2)方向逐渐减小;和/或 The helical protrusion formation (6) has the same radial dimension or a radial dimension that gradually decreases from the charging hopper (1) toward the lowering funnel (2); and/or
    所述螺旋状凹陷构造(7)的径向尺寸相同或者径向尺寸从所述装料料斗(1)向所述下料漏斗(2)方向逐渐增大。The spiral recessed configuration (7) has the same radial dimension or a radial dimension that gradually increases from the charging hopper (1) to the lowering funnel (2).
  4. 根据权利要求2所述的用于冷焰火喷发设备的下料装置,其特征在于,A blanking device for a cold flame fire erupting apparatus according to claim 2, wherein
    所述下料辊轴(302)采用丝杆(8)。The unloading roller shaft (302) employs a screw (8).
  5. 根据权利要求2所述的用于冷焰火喷发设备的下料装置,其特征在于,A blanking device for a cold flame fire erupting apparatus according to claim 2, wherein
    所述控制下料管(301)设有用于调节所述控制下料管(301)内壁面与所述下料辊轴(302)之间间隙的调节机构。The control lowering pipe (301) is provided with an adjusting mechanism for adjusting a gap between the inner wall surface of the control lowering pipe (301) and the lowering roller shaft (302).
  6. 根据权利要求2所述的用于冷焰火喷发设备的下料装置,其特征在于,A blanking device for a cold flame fire erupting apparatus according to claim 2, wherein
    所述下料辊轴(302)贴合于所述装料料斗(1)下底面布置,The cutting roller shaft (302) is disposed on the lower bottom surface of the charging hopper (1),
    所述控制下料管(301)与所述装料料斗(1)下底面部分重叠。The control lowering tube (301) partially overlaps the lower bottom surface of the charging hopper (1).
  7. 根据权利要求2所述的用于冷焰火喷发设备的下料装置,其特征在于,A blanking device for a cold flame fire erupting apparatus according to claim 2, wherein
    所述装料料斗(1)的底部设有用于调节所述下料辊轴(302)与所述装料料斗(1)下底面之间间距的活动底板。The bottom of the charging hopper (1) is provided with a movable bottom plate for adjusting the distance between the lowering roller shaft (302) and the lower bottom surface of the charging hopper (1).
  8. 根据权利要求1至7中任一项所述的用于冷焰火喷发设备的下料装置,其特征在于,A blanking device for a cold flame fire erupting apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein
    所述输送机构(4)包括连接所述下料漏斗(2)的出料口并用于将所述金属粉末(5)送至下一工序的送料丝杆(401)、套设于所述送料丝杆(401)外的送料管(402)、套设于所述送料管(402)外的加热圈(403)以及套设于所述送料管(402)和所述加热圈(403)外的加热圈保温套管(404);The conveying mechanism (4) includes a feeding screw connecting the feeding funnel (2) and feeding the metal powder (5) to the feeding screw (401) of the next process, and is sleeved on the feeding a feeding tube (402) outside the screw (401), a heating ring (403) sleeved outside the feeding tube (402), and sleeved outside the feeding tube (402) and the heating ring (403) Heating coil insulation sleeve (404);
    所述下料漏斗(2)的底部固定于所述送料管(402)上。 The bottom of the lowering funnel (2) is fixed to the feeding tube (402).
  9. 根据权利要求1至7中任一项所述的用于冷焰火喷发设备的下料装置,其特征在于,A blanking device for a cold flame fire erupting apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein
    所述旋转送料机构(3)与所述输送机构(4)采用同一驱动机构而同步运转;或者The rotary feeding mechanism (3) and the conveying mechanism (4) are operated synchronously by the same driving mechanism; or
    所述旋转送料机构(3)与所述输送机构(4)分别设有独立的驱动机构,并且分别控制。The rotary feeding mechanism (3) and the conveying mechanism (4) are respectively provided with independent driving mechanisms, and are separately controlled.
  10. 一种冷焰火喷发设备,其特征在于,包括权利要求1至9中任一项所述的用于冷焰火喷发设备的下料装置。 A cold flame fire erupting apparatus comprising the blanking device for a cold fireworks erupting apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 9.
PCT/CN2015/099812 2015-11-03 2015-12-30 Material discharge apparatus used for cold-firework eruption device, and cold-firework eruption device WO2017075891A1 (en)

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