WO2017063544A1

WO2017063544A1 - Electrical storage device using high-pressure gas as medium and electrical storage method therefor

Info

Publication number: WO2017063544A1
Application number: PCT/CN2016/101775
Authority: WO
Inventors: 陈柏颕; 陈俋瑾; 陈俋锡
Original assignee: 陈柏颕
Priority date: 2015-10-12
Filing date: 2016-10-11
Publication date: 2017-04-20
Also published as: CN106571226A

Abstract

Disclosed are an electrical storage device using high-pressure gas as a medium and electrical storage method therefor, used to store electrical power from an electrical source having a positive electrode and a negative electrode; said device includes a body unit, a charge storage unit and a charging/discharging unit. The body unit comprises a housing surrounding and defining an accommodation space. The charge storage unit is provided in the accommodation space, and comprises a first type of gas and a second type of gas, where the first type of gas is an insulator, and the second type of gas is an electrical conductor. The charging/discharging unit is provided in the accommodation space and comprises a positive electrode element electrically connected to the positive electrode of the electrical source, and a negative electrode element electrically connected to the negative electrode of the electrical source. The positive and negative electrode elements are disposed with an interval therebetween, so as to allow the charge storage unit to store the electrical power from the electrical source.

Description

Power storage device using high pressure gas as medium and power storage method thereof

Technical field

The present invention relates to a power storage device, and more particularly to a power storage device using a high pressure gas as a medium and a power storage method thereof.

Background technique

With the continuous development of technology, people's lives are inseparable from all kinds of electrical appliances, and the electrical energy source of the electrical appliance is not only directly connected by plug, but also the most common is to supply electric energy through the detachable storage battery. However, the reaction materials filled in most of the batteries are often polluting and corrosive. They are easy to impact on the environment after being discarded. Therefore, as people's environmental awareness rises, people tend to use multiple charge and discharge cycles. Rechargeable battery.

Even though the current general rechargeable battery can be used for multiple times of charge and discharge, the reactants filled in the interior are still dangerous or polluting. For example, the positive electrode of the lead-acid battery is a lead dioxide plate, and the negative electrode is a lead plate. The electrolyte contains about 30-40% of a dilute sulfuric acid solution. If the liquid level of the sulfuric acid solution is not paid attention to, the liquid is prone to danger, and when the charging voltage is too high, flammable hydrogen gas may be generated. In addition, lead-acid batteries may cause heavy metal pollution in all aspects of production and recycling, and cause harm to the environment, and further turn to harm human health. Moreover, the density of the electrolyte of the lead-acid battery is generally about 1.24 to 1.30 g/cm ³ , and the overall weight is heavier, which is not suitable for use in various types of appliances that are lightweight and portable.

Therefore, how to effectively improve the current environmental impact of the power storage device, and effectively reduce the overall weight of the power storage device, and then increase the service life of the power storage device, has become an urgent need of the relevant technical personnel.

technical problem

The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is that the overall weight of the power storage device is heavy and the service life is not long.

Technical solution

In view of this, the main object of the present invention is to provide a power storage device using a high-pressure gas as a medium, and includes a body unit, a charge storage unit, and a charge and discharge unit.

The body unit includes a housing surrounding an accommodating space.

The charge storage unit is disposed in the accommodating space and includes a first type of gas and a second type of gas. The first type of gas is an insulator, and the second type of gas is an electrical conductor.

The charging and discharging unit is disposed in the accommodating space, and includes a positive electrode member electrically connected to the positive electrode of the power source, and a negative electrode member electrically connected to the negative electrode of the power source, the positive and negative electrode members are spaced apart from each other So that the charge storage unit stores the power of the power source.

Another technical means of the present invention is that the body unit further includes a heater for heating the charge storage unit in the accommodating space.

Still another technical means of the present invention is that the gas density in the accommodating space is between 0.1 and 1.0 g/cm3.

Another technical means of the present invention is that the body unit further includes at least one dielectric component disposed in the accommodating space, the dielectric component is a non-metal material, and when the charge storage unit stores power, A plurality of microscopic holes are fabricated in the dielectric component.

Another technical means of the present invention is that the positive electrode member has a positive electric plate body portion, and a plurality of positive electric charge conducting portions protruding from a surface of the positive electric plate body portion, the negative electrode member having a negative electric current a plate body portion and a plurality of negative charge conducting portions protruding from a surface of the negative electrode plate portion.

A further technical means of the present invention is that the charge storage unit further comprises a third type of gas having inertness.

Another technical means of the present invention is that the first type of gas is selected from one or a combination of carbon dioxide, methane, ethane, methyl chloride, ethyl chloride, propane, and chloropropane, and the second type of gas is Or a combination of one or a combination of water, methanol, ethanol, and propanol, wherein the third type of gas is one selected from the group consisting of nitrogen, helium, and argon, or a combination thereof. The volume percentage of the first type of gas is 20% to 80%, the volume percentage of the second type of gas is 19.99% to 79%, and the volume percentage of the third type of gas is 0.01% to 1%.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a method of storing a medium using a high pressure gas as comprising a filling step, a power storage step, and a power supply step.

First, a filling step is performed to fill a charge storage unit into a casing defining an accommodating space, the charge storage unit including a first type of gas having an insulator property, and a second type having an electrical conductor characteristic gas.

Next, a power storage step is performed, respectively, a positive electrode member disposed in the accommodating space, and a negative electrode member spaced apart from the first positive electrode member are respectively electrically connected to the positive and negative terminals of a power source to make the capacitor The charge storage unit in the space can store the power of the power source.

Finally, a power supply step is performed, and the power stored in the charge storage unit in the accommodating space is output to the external use by the positive and negative electrode members.

A further technical means of the present invention is that in the filling step, the charge storage unit further comprises a third type of gas having an inertness.

Beneficial effect

The beneficial effect of the present invention is that a charge storage unit having the first type of gas and the second type of gas is filled in the accommodating space, and the density of the gas in the accommodating space is between 0.1 and 1.0 g/cm 3 . Therefore, it is lighter than the electrolyte of the same volume of the general rechargeable battery, and the damage caused by the first and second types of gases to the environment is also low.

DRAWINGS

1 is a schematic view showing a first preferred embodiment of a power storage device using a high-pressure gas as a medium and a method of storing the same according to the present invention;

2 is a schematic view showing a charge storage unit of the first preferred embodiment;

Figure 3 is a schematic view showing a second preferred embodiment of the present invention for applying a high-pressure gas as a medium storage device and a method of storing the same;

4 is a transmission electron microscope analysis diagram illustrating a plurality of microscopic holes in the interior of the dielectric component in the second preferred embodiment;

Figure 5 is a schematic view showing a third preferred embodiment of the present invention for using a high-pressure gas as a medium storage device and a method of storing the same;

Fig. 6 is a step diagram showing a fourth preferred embodiment of the present invention for using a high-pressure gas as a medium storage device and a method of storing the same.

[Main component symbol description]

2 power supply;

21 positive electrode;

22 negative electrode;

3 body unit;

31 accommodation space;

32 housing;

33 heaters;

34 dielectric components;

341 microscopic holes;

4 charge storage unit;

41 the first type of gas;

42 second type of gas;

43 third class gas;

5 charge and discharge unit;

51 positive electrode parts;

511 positive electric plate body;

512 positive charge conduction;

52 negative electrode parts;

521 negative plate body;

522 negative charge conducting portion;

Steps 901 to 903.

Embodiments of the invention

The power storage device using the high-pressure gas as the medium and the method of storing the same according to the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments of the present invention.

Referring to FIG. 1, a first preferred embodiment of a power storage device using a high-pressure gas as a medium and a power storage method thereof according to the present invention, the first preferred embodiment provides a power storage device using a high-pressure gas as a medium, which is applicable. The power of the power source 2 having a positive electrode 21 and a negative electrode 22 is stored, and includes a body unit 3, a charge storage unit 4, and a charge and discharge unit 5.

The body unit 3 includes a housing 32 surrounding an accommodating space 31, and a heater 33 for heating the air in the accommodating space 31. In the first preferred embodiment, the housing 32 is square and is made of a material with high pressure resistance. In actual implementation, the housing 32 can also be designed to be circular, and should not be limited thereto. To counter the higher air pressure in the accommodating space 31. In the first preferred embodiment, the inner surface of the housing 32 and the surface of the heater 33 are made of an insulating material to prevent the electric charge in the accommodating space 31 from being conducted by the housing 32 or the heater 33. , which reduces the efficiency of electricity storage.

The charge storage unit 4 is disposed in the accommodating space 31 and includes a first type of gas 41, a second type of gas 42, and a third type of gas 43. The first type of gas 41 is an insulator, and the second type The gas-like gas 42 is an electric conductor, and the third-type gas 43 is an inert gas.

Since the first type of gas 41 and the second type of gas 42 form a main structure for storing electricity in the accommodating space 31, the proportion of the first and second types of

gases

41 and 42 in the accommodating space 31 is about half. Half, and the third type of gas 43 is a molecular type to assist in increasing the amount of charge stored, and the ratio of the accommodation space does not need to be too much. Preferably, the first type of gas 41 has a volume percentage of 20% to 80%, the second type of gas 42 has a volume percentage of 19.99% to 79%, and the third type of gas 43 has a volume percentage of 0.01% to 1%. %.

In addition, the first type of gas 41 is one or a combination of carbon dioxide, methane, ethane, methyl chloride, ethyl chloride, propane, and chloropropane, and the second type of gas 42 is selected from the group consisting of water and methanol. One or a combination of ethanol, and propanol, the third type of gas 43 is one selected from the group consisting of nitrogen, helium, and argon, or a combination thereof. The heater 33 heats the substance in the accommodating space 31 (including the first, second, and third types of

gases

41, 42, 43) so that the charge storage unit 4 in the accommodating space 31 is a gas. And the gas density in the accommodating space 31 is between 0.1 and 1.0 g/cm 3 . Since the liquid is heated to a gas and maintained at a certain pressure range, it is a technique familiar to the industry, and will not be described in detail herein.

The charging and discharging unit 5 is disposed in the accommodating space 31 and includes a positive electrode member 51 electrically connected to the positive electrode 21 of the power source 2, and a negative electrode member 52 electrically connected to the negative electrode 22 of the power source 2, The positive and

negative electrode members

51, 52 are spaced apart from each other such that the charge storage unit 4 stores the power of the power source 2.

Referring to FIG. 2, when the power source 2 starts to supply the power of the charge storage unit 4, the first type of gas may be changed due to different polarity. 41 forms a plurality of extremely thin insulator laminar flow planes, the second type of gas 42 forms a plurality of extremely thin conductor laminar flow planes, and the plurality of insulator laminar flow planes are spaced apart from the plurality of conductor laminar flow planes such that A plurality of spaced conductive layers are formed in the accommodating space 31 to achieve a capacitance-like structure.

In addition, the third type of gas 43 having a small content is attached to the adjacent laminar flow plane and the conductor laminar flow plane in an atomic state, and the third type of gas 43 can serve as an interface to increase the surface area and provide electrons. In the actual implementation, it is also possible to select the first type and the second type of gas to store electricity without actually adding the third type gas 43.

The inventors found in the experiment that the addition of a small amount of the third type gas 43 can increase the storage capacity by several times by about 3-7 times. Of course, in actual implementation, the third type of gas 43 may be omitted, and the charge storage unit 4 uses only the first type of gas 41 and the second type of gas 42 to store the power of the power source 2.

It is worth mentioning that when the power source 2 supplies power, the laminar flow planes of the insulators and the laminar flow planes of the conductors are instantaneously formed by themselves and have a thickness of only a few atoms, so that they can be formed extremely well. The capacitor structure allows for excellent charge and discharge characteristics.

In the first preferred embodiment, the gas pressure of the accommodating space 31 may exceed the critical pressure of the first and second types of

gases

41 and 42. The heater 33 also heats the temperature of the accommodating space 31. The critical temperature of the first and second types of

gases

41, 42 causes the first and second types of

gases

41, 42 in the accommodating space 31 to form a supercritical fluid. Generally, the supercritical fluid has a similar gas. Compressibility, which can effluent like a gas, and has a liquid-like fluidity, and the supercritical fluid density is generally between 0.1 and 1.0 g/ml.

Referring to FIG. 3, a second preferred embodiment of a power storage device for applying a high-pressure gas as a medium and a method for storing the same according to the present invention is substantially the same as the first preferred embodiment, and the same is the same. The difference is that the body unit 3 further includes at least one dielectric component 34 disposed in the accommodating space 31. The dielectric component 34 is made of a non-metal material. Preferably, plastic or rubber can be used. And other polymer materials. When the charge storage unit 4 stores the power source 2 to supply power, the charge stored in the charge storage unit 4 creates a plurality of microscopic holes 341 in the dielectric assembly 34.

Referring to FIG. 4, it is an analysis diagram of a transmission electron microscope (TEM), which shows a plurality of microscopic holes 341 of about 3 nm width generated inside the dielectric component 34, and the microscopic holes 341 can be increased by several times. The electric quantity and the discharge process of the charge storage unit 4 are more stable, and are used to provide another type of charge habitat to improve the charge and discharge.

Referring to FIG. 5, a third preferred embodiment of a power storage device using a high-pressure gas as a medium and a power storage method thereof is substantially the same as the first preferred embodiment, and the same is the same. The difference is that the positive electrode member 51 has a positive electric plate body portion 511 and a plurality of positive electric charge conducting portions 512 protruding from the surface of the positive electric plate body portion 511. The negative electrode member The negative electrode plate portion 521 has a negative electric charge conducting portion 522 protruding from the surface of the negative electric plate body portion 521, and the positive and

negative electrode members

51 and 52 respectively pass the plurality of positive and negative electric charge guides. The electrical conductivity of the second type of gas 42 in the through

portion

512, 522 and the accommodating space 31 connection.

It should be noted that the plurality of positive and negative

charge conducting portions

512 and 522 of the third preferred embodiment are sharply disposed and are respectively spread on the surfaces of the positive and negative electric plate body portions 511 and 521. During the charging and discharging process, the sharp end generates a discharge condition and is electrically connected to the plurality of conductor laminar flow planes generated by the second type of gas 42. The above manner provides another aspect of the charge and discharge configuration. To increase the versatility of the present invention.

Referring to FIG. 6, a fourth preferred embodiment of a power storage device using a high-pressure gas as a medium and a power storage method thereof according to the present invention, the fourth preferred embodiment is a power storage method using the power storage device, and includes a power storage method The filling step 901, a power storage step 902, and a power supply step 903.

First, the filling step 901 is performed to fill a charge storage unit 4 into a casing 32 defining an accommodating space 31. The charge storage unit 4 includes a first type of gas 41 having an insulator property and a conductive A second type of gas 42 having a bulk characteristic, and a third type of gas 43 having an inert state.

The heater 33 heats the first, second, and third types of

gases

41, 42, 43 to maintain the charge storage unit 4 in the accommodating space 31 in the form of a gas or supercritical fluid, and to make the accommodating space The gas density in 31 is between 0.1 and 1.0 g/cm3. Because each gas has a different expansion coefficient and different gas densities at different temperatures, in actual practice, the heating temperature must be calculated according to the type of gas used.

Then, in the power storage step 902, a positive electrode member 51 disposed in the accommodating space 31 and a negative electrode member 52 spaced apart from the first positive electrode member 51 are respectively connected to the positive and negative poles of a power source 2, respectively. 21, 22 are electrically connected so that the charge storage unit 4 in the accommodating space 31 can store the power of the power source 2.

At the moment when the power source 2 supplies power, the charge storage unit 4 will self-interlace to form a plurality of insulator laminar flow planes and a plurality of conductor laminar flow planes, and the thickness is only a few atoms in size due to the difference in charge polarity. Therefore, an extremely good capacitor structure can be formed and excellent charging and discharging characteristics can be exhibited.

The formula for calculating the capacitance value is as follows:

C=(εA)/d

Where C is the capacitance value, ε is the dielectric constant of the dielectric material, A is the area of the laminar flow plane, and d is the distance between adjacent laminar flow planes.

The formula for calculating the total electricity storage is as follows:

Q=n(C*V)

Q is the total power of the device, and the adjacent plane laminar flow plane B is a conductor laminar flow plane group, then n is the number of conductor laminar flow plane groups, C is a capacitance value, and V is a voltage.

Since the thickness of each layer of the flow plane is extremely thin, when the value of the distance d is small, the value of the capacitance value C is large, and the same When the value of the power Q is large.

Finally, the power supply step 903 is performed, and the power stored in the charge storage unit 4 in the accommodating space 31 is output to the external use by the positive and

negative electrode members

51 and 52, due to the laminar flow plane in the accommodating space 31. Since the thickness is extremely thin, the stored charge can be output to the outside by the tunneling effect. The power storage device of the present invention is used in the same manner as a general battery, and the technology for storing and using power for the battery has been The industry is familiar with it and will not repeat them here.

It is worth mentioning that the present invention utilizes a zero-pollution high-pressure gas to replace the electrolyte in a general battery. When the charging and discharging unit 5 inputs electric power into the accommodating space 31, the first type of gas 41 and the second In the supercritical state, the gas 42 will form a very thin insulator laminar flow plane and a conductor laminar flow plane due to their different polarities, and are alternately arranged to form an excellent capacitor structure to reach thousands of conventional rechargeable batteries. Tens of thousands of times of storage capacity.

For example, a typical lead-acid battery has a storage capacity of about 2,000 mAh and an output voltage of about 12 ± 0.1 volts, while the power storage device of the present invention provides a storage capacity of about 40,000,000 under the same volume of the casing 32. mAh, whose output voltage is about 4.5±0.3 volts, wherein the third type of gas 43 is added to adjust the optimal storage amount. Although the output voltage of the present invention is lower than that of the current general battery, it can be visually required in practical applications. Use a basic series or parallel connection or connect a boost circuit to achieve the required power quality.

Although the power storage device needs to provide some energy to maintain the first and second types of

gases

41, 42 in a gas or supercritical fluid state, for example, during the power storage process, a small amount of power is taken to perform the accommodating space 31. Air heating can achieve self-sufficient use of electricity, and can also provide a large-capacity power storage device, which can greatly improve the availability of the industry.

In addition, the use of electrolytes to provide charge storage compared to typical lead-acid batteries, the supply of electricity can limit the rate of chemical reactions, so conventional batteries have a maximum current limit of output or input, and the present invention is like a capacitor. The way to directly store and output the electric charge, not only can the electric power supply instantaneously provide a large amount of electric power for use, but also increase the charging current to save the electric storage time when storing electric power.

The finer molecular-level mechanism is used to investigate the characteristics of gas distribution under high pressure conditions. The present invention utilizes two gases as a storage medium, one of which is a gas having an insulator characteristic under high pressure conditions, and One is a gas having a conductor characteristic under high pressure conditions. Generally, a gas molecule having a conductor characteristic under a high pressure condition must be a molecule having a polar molecule characteristic, and a gas having an insulator property under a high pressure condition. Molecules must be molecules of nonpolar molecule characteristics. The so-called strong polar molecules are the electronegativity of the atoms at both ends of the molecule. The electronegativity is also very different because the negative polarity is one of the chemical properties of the atom. Used to describe the ability of an atom to attract electrons; the greater the electronegativity, the stronger the ability of an atom to attract electrons. When there is a difference in electronegativity between different elements, the electron cloud distribution of the shared electron pair forming the bond will also be unevenly distributed. The polar molecule is a part of the positive charge at one end of the molecule with a partial negative charge. When a gas molecule is under high pressure, the positively charged terminal atom attracts the negative terminal of another molecule (see the figure below), and because the polar molecule forms a polar polarity with another polar molecule. The attractive bond strength is only slightly larger than the Van der Waals force, plus the material homogeneity, the homomorphic phase dissolution, and the integration of all the atoms in the molecular structure of the polar molecule in a small plane. The reason is that polar molecules will form a planar lamellar phase in a structure close to a single atomic thickness under high pressure conditions. Similarly, nonpolar (polar) molecules are under high pressure. When the planar layered geometry of polar molecules is actively determined, the molecules of non-polar properties are passively determined under high pressure conditions, and are also deployed in a planar layered geometry (lamellar phase), the only pole The planar layer of a sex molecule differs in that the attraction between molecules and molecules is achieved by Van der Waals force. In this case, in a low pressure or atmospheric environment, it is not easy to see this exclusive characteristic of the gas.

In summary, the power storage device uses high-pressure gas instead of the electrolyte of the general rechargeable battery, which can effectively reduce pollution and greatly reduce the weight, and then form a plurality of spaced ultra-thin conductive layers formed in the accommodating space 31. The formation of an excellent capacitor structure can greatly increase the total amount of stored electricity and the amount of instantaneous discharge, so that the object of the present invention can be achieved.

The above is only the preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.

Claims

An electric storage device using a high-pressure gas as a medium, which is suitable for storing electric power of a power source having a positive electrode and a negative electrode, and is characterized by comprising:

a body unit includes a housing surrounding an accommodating space;

a charge storage unit is disposed in the accommodating space and includes a first type of gas and a second type of gas, the first type of gas is an insulator, and the second type of gas is an electric conductor;

a charging and discharging unit is disposed in the accommodating space, and includes a positive electrode member electrically connected to the positive electrode of the power source, and a negative electrode member electrically connected to the negative electrode of the power source, the positive and negative electrode members are spaced apart from each other The setting is such that the charge storage unit stores the power of the power source.
The power storage device for applying a high-pressure gas as a medium according to claim 1, wherein the body unit further comprises a heater for heating the charge storage unit in the accommodating space.
A power storage device using a high-pressure gas as a medium according to claim 2, wherein the gas density in the accommodating space is between 0.1 and 1.0 g/cm3.
The power storage device for applying a high-pressure gas as a medium according to claim 3, wherein the body unit further comprises at least one dielectric component disposed in the accommodating space, the dielectric component being a non-metal material. When the charge storage unit stores power, a plurality of microscopic holes are fabricated in the dielectric assembly.
The power storage device using a high-pressure gas as a medium according to claim 4, wherein the positive electrode member has a positive electrode body portion and a plurality of positive electrodes protruding from a surface of the positive electrode plate portion a charge conducting portion having a negative electrode body portion and a plurality of negative charge conducting portions protruding from a surface of the negative electrode plate portion.
A power storage device using a high-pressure gas as a medium according to claim 5, wherein the charge storage unit further comprises a third type of gas having an inertness.
A power storage device using a high-pressure gas as a medium according to claim 6, wherein the first type of gas is selected from the group consisting of carbon dioxide, methane, ethane, methyl chloride, ethyl chloride, propane, and chloropropane. In one or a combination thereof, the second type of gas is one or a combination of water, methanol, ethanol, and propanol, and the third type of gas is one selected from the group consisting of nitrogen, helium, and argon. Its combination.
A power storage device using a high-pressure gas as a medium according to claim 7, wherein a volume percentage of the first type of gas is 20% to 80%, and a volume percentage of the second type gas is 19.99% to 79%, the first The volume percentage of the three types of gases is from 0.01% to 1%.
A method for storing a high-pressure gas as a medium, characterized in that it comprises the following steps:

a filling step of filling a charge storage unit into a housing defining an accommodating space, the charge storage unit including a first type of gas having an insulator characteristic, and a second type of gas having an electrical conductor characteristic ;

a power storage step of electrically connecting a positive electrode member disposed in the accommodating space and a negative electrode member spaced apart from the first positive electrode member to a positive and negative terminals of a power source, respectively, to enable the accommodating A charge storage unit in space can store the power of the power source; and

In a power supply step, the power stored in the charge storage unit in the accommodating space is output to the external use by the positive and negative electrode members.
A method of storing a high-pressure gas as a medium according to claim 9, wherein in the filling step, the charge storage unit further comprises a gas having a third type which is inert.