WO2017045207A1 - Procédé, appareil et système de traitement du signal - Google Patents

Procédé, appareil et système de traitement du signal Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2017045207A1
WO2017045207A1 PCT/CN2015/090026 CN2015090026W WO2017045207A1 WO 2017045207 A1 WO2017045207 A1 WO 2017045207A1 CN 2015090026 W CN2015090026 W CN 2015090026W WO 2017045207 A1 WO2017045207 A1 WO 2017045207A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
port
signal
power control
matrix
control factor
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PCT/CN2015/090026
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English (en)
Chinese (zh)
Inventor
王威扬
赫克尔德拉米罗斯拉夫
斯帕尼奥利尼翁贝托
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华为技术有限公司
米兰理工大学
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Priority to PCT/CN2015/090026 priority Critical patent/WO2017045207A1/fr
Priority to CN201580081138.1A priority patent/CN108028689B/zh
Publication of WO2017045207A1 publication Critical patent/WO2017045207A1/fr

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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04BTRANSMISSION
    • H04B7/00Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
    • H04B7/02Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas
    • H04B7/04Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02DCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES [ICT], I.E. INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES AIMING AT THE REDUCTION OF THEIR OWN ENERGY USE
    • Y02D30/00Reducing energy consumption in communication networks
    • Y02D30/70Reducing energy consumption in communication networks in wireless communication networks

Definitions

  • Embodiments of the present invention relate to communication technologies, and in particular, to a signal processing method, apparatus, and system.
  • the Digital Subscriber Line (DSL) copper access solution can make full use of the telephone subscriber loops that have been laid out in large numbers, reducing the cost of network access, the use of copper wires to provide higher-speed Internet access is affected.
  • User's welcome In order to meet the increasing demand for access network rates, the International Telecommunications Union has developed G.fast, the next-generation copper bandwidth access technology standard. Due to the wider frequency band used by G.fast, the far-end crosstalk generated between multiple signals accessed by the Digital Subscriber Line Access Multiplexer (DSLAM) seriously affects the transmission performance of the line.
  • the industry proposes a precoding method based on the lattice basis, precoding the input signal in the data downlink process to eliminate the far-end crosstalk.
  • the precoding process will amplify the input signal, so in an actual DSL system, the precoded input signal needs to be further processed to make the power of the output signal within a system-defined range.
  • the embodiment of the invention provides a signal processing method, device and system for solving the problem that the signal-to-noise ratio loss is large when the power of the output signal is limited in the prior art.
  • an implementation of the present invention provides a signal processing method, including:
  • the signal transmitted by the transmitting end after the lattice-based protocol is multiplied by the power control factor corresponding to the port transmitting the signal;
  • the transmitting end multiplies the signal multiplied by the corresponding power control factor by a linear precoding matrix to obtain an output signal of each port after the linear precoding process.
  • the method before the transmitting end multiplies the signal after the lattice-based protocol processing by the power control factor corresponding to the port that sends the signal, the method further includes:
  • the transmitting end determines a power control factor corresponding to each port according to a power, a noise, a Shannon gap, and a weight of each port of the original input signal of each port.
  • the transmitting end is configured according to power, noise, Shannon gap, and each port of the original input signal of each port
  • the weights are obtained by the power control factors corresponding to the ports, including:
  • x i represents the original input signal of the i-th port
  • g i represents the power control factor corresponding to the i-th port
  • Power(x i ) represents the power of the original input signal of the i-th port
  • Power(n i ) represents Background noise of the i-th port
  • indicates a Shannon gap
  • w i represents a weight assigned to the i-th port
  • represents a modulus of a modulo operation
  • m ij represents a matrix obtained by P*G*T
  • T represents a lattice-based norm matrix
  • G represents a power control factor matrix
  • P represents a linear pre-coding matrix
  • said G is a diagonal matrix, which is a diagonal element g 1 , g 2 .... g L represents the power control factor corresponding to each port.
  • the lattice basis matrix is a complex mode matrix.
  • the sending end is configured to perform a port after the lattice base processing Before the signal is multiplied by the power control factor corresponding to each port, it also includes:
  • the transmitting end multiplies the original input signal of each port by a lattice base inverse matrix
  • the transmitting end performs a modulo operation on a signal of each port after multiplying the lattice base inverse matrix
  • the transmitting end performs the lattice-based protocol processing on signals of each port after the modulo operation.
  • the present invention provides a signal processing apparatus, including:
  • a power control module configured to multiply a signal after the lattice-based protocol processing by a power control factor corresponding to a port that sends the signal
  • a linear precoding module configured to multiply the signal multiplied by the corresponding power control factor by a linear precoding matrix to obtain an output signal of each port after the linear precoding process.
  • the method further includes:
  • a determining module configured to determine, according to power, noise, Shannon gap, and weight of each port of each port, a power control factor corresponding to each port.
  • the determining module is specifically configured to:
  • x i represents the original input signal of the i-th port
  • g i represents the power control factor corresponding to the i-th port
  • Power(x i ) represents the power of the original input signal of the i-th port
  • Power(n i ) represents Background noise of the i-th port
  • indicates a Shannon gap
  • w i represents a weight assigned to the i-th port
  • represents a modulus of a modulo operation of an input signal before the lattice-based protocol processing
  • m ij denotes the i-th j-th element in the matrix obtained by P*G*T, where T denotes a lattice-based norm matrix, G denotes a power control factor matrix, P denotes a linear pre-coding matrix; and G denotes a diagonal matrix
  • the diagonal elements g 1 , g 2 . . . g L represent the power control factors corresponding to the respective ports.
  • a lattice base inverse processing module for multiplying an original input signal of each port by a lattice basis inverse matrix
  • a modulo module configured to perform a modulo operation on signals of each port after multiplying the lattice base inverse matrix
  • the grid base protocol processing module is configured to perform the lattice base protocol processing on signals of each port after the modulo operation.
  • an implementation of the present invention provides a signal processing apparatus, including:
  • a processor configured to multiply a signal processed by the lattice-based protocol by a power control factor corresponding to the signal, and a signal, and a signal obtained by multiplying the corresponding power control factor by a linear pre-coding matrix, Obtaining an output signal of each port after the linear precoding process;
  • a transmitter for transmitting the output signal.
  • an embodiment of the present invention provides a signal processing system, including:
  • the signal processing method, device and system provided by the embodiment of the present invention multiply the signal after the lattice-based protocol processing by the transmitting end by the power control factor corresponding to the port that sends the signal; the transmitting end multiplies the corresponding
  • the signal after the power control factor is multiplied by the linear precoding matrix to obtain the output signals of the respective ports after the linear precoding process.
  • the far-end crosstalk generated between the multiple signals accessed by the DSLAM can be eliminated by using the linear coding control matrix, and the power control factors corresponding to the ports are used.
  • the power amplification function of the input signal of the port enables the transmitting end to allocate a corresponding power control factor to each port according to the system configuration, thereby improving the signal to noise ratio and the signal transmission rate.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a downlink scenario of data in a DSL copper access scheme
  • Embodiment 1 of a signal processing method according to the present invention
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a signal processing process according to Embodiment 1 of a signal processing method according to the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a signal processing process of a second embodiment of a signal processing method according to the present invention.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of Embodiment 1 of a signal processing apparatus according to the present invention.
  • Embodiment 2 of a signal processing device according to the present invention
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of Embodiment 1 of a signal processing system according to the present invention.
  • the Digital Subscriber Line (DSL) copper access solution can make full use of the telephone subscriber loops that have been laid out in large numbers, reducing the cost of network access, the use of copper wires to provide higher-speed Internet access is affected.
  • User's welcome In order to meet the increasing demand for access network rates, the International Telecommunications Union has developed G.fast, the next-generation copper bandwidth access technology standard. Due to the wider frequency band used by G.fast, multiple signals are accessed by the Digital Subscriber Line Access Multiplexer (DSLAM). The far-end crosstalk generated between them seriously affects the transmission performance of the line.
  • the industry proposes a precoding method based on the lattice basis, precoding the input signal in the data downlink process to eliminate the far-end crosstalk.
  • the precoding process will amplify the input signal, so in an actual DSL system, the precoded input signal needs to be further processed to make the power of the output signal within a system-defined range.
  • the prior art multiplies all signals by the same power control factor g on the basis of precoding the input signals of all ports to define the power of the output signal.
  • the loss of the signal to noise ratio is large, which affects the signal transmission rate.
  • the present invention provides a signal processing method for eliminating the influence of far-end crosstalk on signal transmission of each port through a linear precoding matrix, and controlling the linear precoding matrix to each port by using a power control factor corresponding to each port.
  • the amplification of the input signal is such that the power of the output signal of each port after the linear precoding process is consistent with the power of the input signal prior to the process of entering the lattice basis.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a downlink scenario of data in a DSL copper access scheme.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic flowchart diagram of Embodiment 1 of a signal processing method according to the present invention.
  • the execution body of the first embodiment of the present invention is a transmitting end, and the signal processing method provided by the first embodiment of the present invention is as follows:
  • S101 The signal transmitted by the transmitting end after the lattice-based protocol is multiplied by the power control factor corresponding to the port that sends the signal.
  • the sending end may be a digital subscriber line access multiplexer DSLAM or a wireless network access device, which is not limited herein.
  • the power control factors corresponding to the ports may be multiplied by the signals of the ports after the grid-based protocol processing by means of a power control factor matrix.
  • the process of performing the lattice-based protocol processing on the signal is multiplied by the lattice-based norm matrix T.
  • S102 The transmitting end multiplies a signal multiplied by a power control factor corresponding to each port by a linear precoding matrix to obtain an output signal of each port after the linear precoding process.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a signal processing process according to Embodiment 1 of a signal processing method according to the present invention.
  • the transmitting end multiplies the signal before the lattice base processing by the lattice base matrix T, the power control factor matrix G, and the linear precoding matrix.
  • the output signal obtained after P is sent to the receiving end via the channel.
  • Power control factor matrix G is located between the lattice basis matrix T and the linear precoding matrix P.
  • the power control factor matrix G appears as a diagonal matrix in the frequency domain model, and the diagonal elements represent power control factors corresponding to the respective ports, and the power control factors may be the same or different.
  • the power control matrix G may be three independent matrix modules with the previous lattice base matrix T and the linear precoding matrix after it, or the power control matrix G may be Combining the lattice base matrix T, or combining the power control matrix G with the linear precoding matrix P; or, combining the power control matrix G with the lattice base matrix T and the linear precoding Matrix P is merged.
  • the receiving end receives an output signal after the multiplication by the lattice base matrix T, the power control factor matrix G, and the linear precoding matrix P, and multiplies the received signal by the corresponding port.
  • the reciprocal of the power control factor to restore the signal transmitted by the transmitting end.
  • the linear precoding matrix P is multiplied with the channel matrix H into a diagonal matrix to eliminate far-end crosstalk generated between the multiple signals accessed by the DSLAM.
  • the signal processing method provided by the embodiment of the present invention multiplies the signal of each port after the lattice base protocol processing by the transmitting end by the power control factor corresponding to each port; the transmitting end multiplies the power corresponding to each port.
  • the signal after the control factor is multiplied by the linear precoding matrix to obtain the output signals of the respective ports after the linear precoding process.
  • the far-end crosstalk generated between the multiple signals accessed by the DSLAM can be eliminated by using the linear coding control matrix, and the power control factors corresponding to the ports are used.
  • the signal processing method provided by the embodiment of the present invention can allocate different power control factors to different ports in the case of using the lattice-based precoding method, and provides a degree of freedom to optimize power allocation and rate allocation.
  • the signal processing method provided by the embodiment of the present invention may change the ports by not updating the lattice base matrix T and the linear precoding matrix P.
  • a corresponding power control factor is used to adjust the actual transmit power of the output signals of the respective ports.
  • the transmitting end multiplies the signal after the lattice-based protocol processing to transmit the letter.
  • the power control factor corresponding to the port of the number it also includes:
  • the transmitting end determines a power control factor corresponding to each port according to a power, a noise, a Shannon gap, and a weight of each port of the original input signal of each port.
  • the sending end obtains a power control factor corresponding to each port according to the power, the noise, the Shannon gap, and the weight of each port of the original input signal of each port, including:
  • x i represents the original input signal of the i-th port
  • g i represents the power control factor corresponding to the i-th port
  • Power(x i ) represents the power of the original input signal of the i-th port
  • Power(n i ) represents Background noise of the i-th port
  • indicates a Shannon gap
  • w i represents a weight assigned to the i-th port
  • represents a modulus of a modulo operation of an input signal before the lattice-based protocol processing
  • m ij denotes the i-th j-th element in the matrix obtained by P*G*T, where T denotes a lattice-based norm matrix, G denotes a power control factor matrix, P denotes a linear pre-coding matrix; and G denotes a diagonal matrix
  • the diagonal elements g 1 , g 2 ... g L represent power control factors corresponding to the respective ports.
  • the expected value represents a digital domain value of
  • the formula (1) takes the weighted summation value of the bit loading of each port as an objective function. Solving the maximum value of the objective function under the constraint condition by using a method of symbolic geometric programming, thereby obtaining values of g 1 , g 2 . . . g L , and the g 1 , g 2 ....g L The values are adjusted as the power control factors corresponding to the respective ports to the power of the input signals of the respective ports.
  • the transmitting end multiplies the signal of each port after the grid base protocol processing by the power corresponding to each port.
  • the control factor it also includes:
  • the transmitting end performs a modulo operation on signals of the ports after multiplying the lattice base inverse matrix
  • the transmitting end performs the lattice-based protocol processing on the signals of the ports after the modulo operation; that is, the transmitting end multiplies the signals of the ports after the modulo operation by the lattice-based protocol matrix. T.
  • the lattice basis matrix T is a complex mode matrix, that is, the real part and the imaginary part of each element t ij in the lattice basis matrix T are integers, and the lattice basis inverse matrix T -1 The real and imaginary parts of each element are also integers.
  • the transmitting end multiplies the original input signal of each port by a lattice basis inverse matrix for restoring the effect of the lattice base matrix on the original input signals of the ports.
  • the modulo operation is used to cancel the amplification effect that the lattice basis inverse matrix T -1 will produce on the original input signal power.
  • the modulo operation ⁇ ⁇ for the original input signal power is limited within the range set by the system.
  • represents the modulus of the modulo operation. It is assumed that the signals of the ports after the modulo operation ⁇ ⁇ are evenly distributed in the square And the signals of the ports after the modulo operation ⁇ ⁇ are uncorrelated random variables, and the power of the signals of the ports after the modulo operation ⁇ ⁇ is The constraint can be obtained
  • the transmitting end passes the lattice basis inverse matrix T -1 , the modulo operation ⁇ ⁇ and the lattice base matrix T process the original input signal, and the original input signal is The real part and the imaginary part are respectively added by an integral multiple of ⁇ . Therefore, in order to recover the original input signal, the receiving end needs to perform a modulo operation ⁇ ⁇ on the received signal correspondingly to remove the output. An integer multiple of ⁇ of the real and imaginary parts of the signal.
  • the reciprocal of the power control factor corresponding to the received signal by the receiving end by the receiving end is completed before the modulo operation.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a signal processing process of a second embodiment of a signal processing method according to the present invention.
  • the receiving end further performs frequency domain equalizer (FEQ, denoted by F) processing on the received signal.
  • FEQ frequency domain equalizer
  • the linear precoding matrix P is multiplied by the frequency domain equalized channel matrix FH into a diagonal matrix to eliminate far-end crosstalk generated between the multiple signals accessed by the DSLAM.
  • the receiving end may multiply the received signal by a reciprocal of the power control factor before the received signal passes the frequency domain equalization, or may pass the received signal through the received signal. Multiplying the received signal by the reciprocal of the power control factor after frequency domain equalization, or the process of performing frequency domain equalization and multiplying the power control factor on the received signal may be combined . There is no limit here.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of Embodiment 1 of a signal processing apparatus according to the present invention.
  • a signal processing apparatus according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention includes at least a power control module 110 and a linear precoding module 120.
  • the power control module 110 is configured to multiply a signal of each port after the lattice-based protocol processing by a power control factor corresponding to each port.
  • the linear precoding module 120 is configured to multiply a signal multiplied by a power control factor corresponding to each port by a linear precoding matrix to obtain an output signal of each port after the linear precoding process.
  • the power control module 110 may be an application module for implementing power control, or may be a power control electronic device; the linear precoding module 120 may be an application for implementing linear precoding.
  • the module can also be a linear precoding electronic device.
  • the signal processing apparatus provided by the first embodiment of the present invention by the power control module 110, multiplies the signal after the lattice-based protocol processing by the power control factor corresponding to the port that sends the signal, and the linear pre-encoding module 120
  • the signal after multiplying the corresponding power control factor is multiplied by the linear precoding matrix to obtain an output signal of each port after the linear precoding process.
  • the signal processing apparatus provided by the embodiment of the invention may eliminate the far-end crosstalk generated between the multiple signals accessed by the DSLAM by using the linear coding control matrix, and limit the location by using a power control factor corresponding to each port.
  • the linear precoding matrix performs power amplification on the input signals of the ports before the lattice protocol processing, so that the transmitting end can allocate corresponding power control factors to the ports according to the system configuration, thereby improving signal noise improvement. Ratio to the transmission rate of the signal.
  • the device further includes:
  • the determining module 130 is configured to determine, according to power, noise, Shannon gap, and weight of each port of each port, a power control factor corresponding to each port.
  • the determining module 130 determines that the corresponding power control factors of the ports are the same as the method embodiments provided in the first embodiment, and details are not described herein again.
  • the device further includes:
  • a lattice base inverse processing module 140 configured to multiply an original input signal of each port by a lattice base inverse matrix
  • the modulo module 150 is configured to perform a modulo operation on the signals of the ports after multiplying the lattice base inverse matrix
  • the lattice base processing module 160 is configured to perform the lattice base processing on the signals of the ports after the modulo operation.
  • the device provided in the first embodiment of the present invention can be used to perform the technical solution of the method embodiment provided by the first embodiment of the present invention.
  • the implementation principle and technical effects are similar, and details are not described herein again.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of Embodiment 2 of a signal processing apparatus according to the present invention.
  • the signal processing apparatus provided in Embodiment 2 of the present invention includes at least a processor 210 and a transmitter 220.
  • the processor 210 is configured to multiply a signal after the lattice-based protocol processing by a power control factor corresponding to a port that sends the signal, and is used to multiply the signal after the corresponding power control factor with a linear pre-coding matrix Multiply, the output signals of the respective ports after the linear precoding process are obtained.
  • the transmitter 220 is configured to issue the output signal.
  • the signal processing apparatus provided by the second embodiment of the present invention multiplies the signal after the lattice-based protocol processing by the power control factor corresponding to the port that sends the signal. Subsequently multiplying the signal after the corresponding power control factor by the linear precoding matrix to obtain an output signal of each port after the linear precoding process.
  • the far-end crosstalk generated between the multiple signals accessed by the DSLAM can be eliminated by using the linear coding control matrix, and the power control factors corresponding to the ports are used.
  • the signal processing device provided in the second embodiment of the present invention can be used to perform the technical solution of the method embodiment provided by the first embodiment of the present invention.
  • the implementation principle and technical effects are similar, and details are not described herein again.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of Embodiment 1 of a signal processing system according to the present invention.
  • a signal processing system according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a signal processing device 310 and a receiving end 320.
  • the receiving end 320 is configured to receive the output sent by the signal processing device 310. signal.
  • the signal processing system 310 is used to perform the technical solution of the method embodiment provided by the first embodiment of the present invention. The implementation principle and the technical effects are similar, and details are not described herein again.
  • the signal processing method and apparatus provided by the embodiments of the present invention can also be used for wireless communication, and different power control factors are allocated to different antennas at the transmitting end.
  • the implementation principle is similar and will not be described here.
  • the aforementioned program can be stored in a readable storage medium of a computer, mobile phone or other portable device.
  • the program when executed, performs the steps including the foregoing method embodiments; and the foregoing storage medium includes various media that can store program codes, such as a ROM, a RAM, a magnetic disk, or an optical disk.

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  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
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  • Noise Elimination (AREA)

Abstract

Des modes de réalisation de la présente invention concernent un procédé, un appareil et un système de traitement du signal. Le procédé comprend les étapes suivantes : une extrémité émettrice multiplie un signal sur lequel un traitement de réduction de treillis a été exécuté par un facteur de commande de puissance correspondant à un port du signal ; et l'extrémité émettrice multiplie le signal multiplié par le facteur de commande de puissance correspondant, par une matrice de précodage linéaire de manière à obtenir un signal de sortie sur lequel un traitement de précodage linéaire a été effectué, pour chaque port. Le procédé et l'appareil de traitement du signal proposés dans les modes de réalisation de la présente invention, permettent d'éliminer la télé-diaphonie produite entre de multiples signaux dans un accès DSLAM au moyen d'une matrice de commande de codage linéaire, et de limiter l'effet d'amplification de puissance d'une matrice de précodage linéaire sur un signal sur lequel une réduction de treillis n'a pas été effectuée, pour chaque port, au moyen d'un facteur de commande de puissance correspondant, de telle sorte qu'une extrémité émettrice peut attribuer un facteur de commande de puissance correspondant à chaque port selon la configuration de système, cela permettant d'améliorer un rapport signal sur bruit et une vitesse de transmission des signaux.
PCT/CN2015/090026 2015-09-18 2015-09-18 Procédé, appareil et système de traitement du signal WO2017045207A1 (fr)

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CN201580081138.1A CN108028689B (zh) 2015-09-18 2015-09-18 信号处理方法、装置和系统

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Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN110476407A (zh) * 2017-03-31 2019-11-19 英国电讯有限公司 通过导线连接来发送信号的方法和设备
US11005527B2 (en) 2017-03-31 2021-05-11 British Telecommunications Public Limited Company Method and apparatus for transmitting signals over wire connections
US11082087B2 (en) 2017-03-31 2021-08-03 British Telecommunications Public Limited Company Method and apparatus for transmitting signals over wire connections
US11082088B2 (en) 2017-03-31 2021-08-03 British Telecommunications Public Limited Company Method and apparatus for transmitting signals over wire connections

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP2458747A1 (fr) * 2010-11-30 2012-05-30 ST-Ericsson SA Procédé de détection pour un récepteur d'un système de communication MIMO sans fil
CN103957086A (zh) * 2014-04-11 2014-07-30 电子科技大学 Mu-mimo预编码实现方法
CN104158573A (zh) * 2014-07-01 2014-11-19 北京邮电大学 消除干扰的预编码方法及系统

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP2458747A1 (fr) * 2010-11-30 2012-05-30 ST-Ericsson SA Procédé de détection pour un récepteur d'un système de communication MIMO sans fil
CN103957086A (zh) * 2014-04-11 2014-07-30 电子科技大学 Mu-mimo预编码实现方法
CN104158573A (zh) * 2014-07-01 2014-11-19 北京邮电大学 消除干扰的预编码方法及系统

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN110476407A (zh) * 2017-03-31 2019-11-19 英国电讯有限公司 通过导线连接来发送信号的方法和设备
US11005527B2 (en) 2017-03-31 2021-05-11 British Telecommunications Public Limited Company Method and apparatus for transmitting signals over wire connections
US11082087B2 (en) 2017-03-31 2021-08-03 British Telecommunications Public Limited Company Method and apparatus for transmitting signals over wire connections
US11082088B2 (en) 2017-03-31 2021-08-03 British Telecommunications Public Limited Company Method and apparatus for transmitting signals over wire connections

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