WO2017043360A1 - Clad plate and method for producing same - Google Patents
Clad plate and method for producing same Download PDFInfo
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- WO2017043360A1 WO2017043360A1 PCT/JP2016/075231 JP2016075231W WO2017043360A1 WO 2017043360 A1 WO2017043360 A1 WO 2017043360A1 JP 2016075231 W JP2016075231 W JP 2016075231W WO 2017043360 A1 WO2017043360 A1 WO 2017043360A1
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- layer
- clad
- quench
- aluminum alloy
- rolling
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B15/00—Layered products comprising a layer of metal
- B32B15/01—Layered products comprising a layer of metal all layers being exclusively metallic
- B32B15/012—Layered products comprising a layer of metal all layers being exclusively metallic one layer being formed of an iron alloy or steel, another layer being formed of aluminium or an aluminium alloy
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K20/00—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating
- B23K20/04—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating by means of a rolling mill
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B15/00—Layered products comprising a layer of metal
- B32B15/01—Layered products comprising a layer of metal all layers being exclusively metallic
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B15/00—Layered products comprising a layer of metal
- B32B15/18—Layered products comprising a layer of metal comprising iron or steel
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B37/00—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding
- B32B37/06—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding characterised by the heating method
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B37/00—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding
- B32B37/10—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding characterised by the pressing technique, e.g. using action of vacuum or fluid pressure
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B38/00—Ancillary operations in connection with laminating processes
- B32B38/0036—Heat treatment
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B7/00—Layered products characterised by the relation between layers; Layered products characterised by the relative orientation of features between layers, or by the relative values of a measurable parameter between layers, i.e. products comprising layers having different physical, chemical or physicochemical properties; Layered products characterised by the interconnection of layers
- B32B7/02—Physical, chemical or physicochemical properties
- B32B7/022—Mechanical properties
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B7/00—Layered products characterised by the relation between layers; Layered products characterised by the relative orientation of features between layers, or by the relative values of a measurable parameter between layers, i.e. products comprising layers having different physical, chemical or physicochemical properties; Layered products characterised by the interconnection of layers
- B32B7/04—Interconnection of layers
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B38/00—Ancillary operations in connection with laminating processes
- B32B38/0036—Heat treatment
- B32B2038/0048—Annealing, relaxing
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a clad plate and a manufacturing method thereof.
- a metal plate used as a material for a sliding member of a mechanical part has a high wear-resistant surface so that it does not cause damage due to friction during sliding. As required.
- This metal plate is required to be able to efficiently dissipate heat generated by friction due to its excellent thermal conductivity.
- This metal plate is required to have high surface pressure and high resistance to deformation due to thermal cycle when the sliding environment such as pressure and thermal cycle is severe.
- This hardness is preferably 350 Hv or more in terms of Vickers hardness as defined in JIS Z2244: 2009.
- a quench-hardened carbon steel plate or a quench-hardened martensitic stainless steel plate is known as a metal plate having excellent wear resistance.
- a clad plate made by laminating and bonding a metal plate having excellent wear resistance and a metal plate having excellent thermal conductivity is effective for improving the thermal conductivity of the metal plate having excellent wear resistance. It is.
- the present inventor disclosed a clad plate having excellent wear resistance and thermal conductivity consisting of three layers according to Patent Document 1.
- the three layers are a metal layer having a Vickers hardness of 350 Hv or more on at least one surface, an aluminum or aluminum alloy layer, and an arbitrary metal layer.
- the clad plate disclosed in Patent Document 1 is used as a material for a sliding member used in a severe sliding environment, and the aluminum or aluminum alloy layer has a high surface pressure. It has been found that there is a risk of compression and deformation, and that warpage may occur due to thermal cycling. In particular, if the amount of warpage generated is large, the sliding member interferes with other members, making it impossible to use mechanical parts.
- An object of the present invention is a clad plate having a surface layer made of a high-hardness metal material having excellent wear resistance and an intermediate layer having excellent thermal conductivity, and particularly under a severe sliding environment, It is an object of the present invention to provide a clad plate that can prevent both an intermediate layer from being compressed and deformed by a high surface pressure and a warp from being caused by a thermal cycle, and a method for manufacturing the same.
- an object of the present invention is to provide a high resistance to deformation caused by frictional pressure and frictional heat, so that the clad plate can be suitably used as a material for a sliding member used in a particularly severe sliding environment. It is to provide a manufacturing method thereof.
- a clad plate composed of three layers of a first layer (surface layer), a second layer (intermediate layer), and a third layer (surface layer) is used as a material for a sliding member used in a particularly severe sliding environment. Used.
- Aluminum alloy is used as the second layer.
- the yield strength of this aluminum alloy at 400 ° C. is over 10 MPa.
- the proof stress of this aluminum alloy at room temperature after complete annealing is 1/10 or less of the proof strength of the quench-hardened carbon steel or quench-hardened martensitic stainless steel constituting the first and third layers.
- the clad plate having the first layer, the second layer, and the third layer can substantially prevent deformation of the sliding member even when exposed to a high surface pressure or thermal cycle.
- the present invention is listed below.
- a clad plate comprising a first layer, a second layer, and a third layer laminated in this order in the thickness direction,
- the first layer and the third layer are quench-hardened carbon steel or quench-hardened martensitic stainless steel, and are made of the same material
- the second layer is made of an aluminum alloy
- the proof stress of the aluminum alloy at 400 ° C. is more than 10 MPa
- the yield strength of the aluminum alloy at room temperature after complete annealing is 1/10 or less of the yield strength of the quench-hardened carbon steel or quench-hardened martensitic stainless steel
- the clad plate wherein an absolute value of a difference in residual stress between each of the first layer and the third layer is within 150 MPa.
- Friction test A clad plate was processed into a disk with a diameter of 100 mm, and a position 10 mm away from the outermost periphery of the disk in the radial direction was made of two materials of SUJ2 defined in JIS G4805: 2008 and a cross-sectional area of 1 cm 2 . Rotate the disk at 100 rpm while applying a load of 100 N with a pin, and when the surface temperature of the disk reaches 300 ° C., increase the load to 1000 N and perform braking for 10 cycles. Place it flat on the board and measure the amount of warpage, which is the maximum value of the amount of the disc separated from the surface of the surface plate.
- the laminate is joined and rolled at a rolling reduction of 10% or more, a first layer made of quench-hardened carbon steel or quench-hardened martensitic stainless steel, a second layer made of an aluminum alloy, and the first layer, A first rolling step as a clad band having a third layer made of the same material; A first heat treatment step of performing a first heat treatment in which the clad band is held at 300 to 500 ° C.
- a method for producing a clad plate comprising: a second heat treatment step of performing a second heat treatment in which the clad band rolled with the front tension and the rear tension is held at 300 to 500 ° C. for 3 minutes or more. However, the values of the front tension and the rear tension are obtained based on the cross-sectional areas of the first layer and the third layer in the cladding band.
- the clad plate according to the present invention has high resistance to deformation during use due to frictional pressure and frictional heat.
- the second layer is compressed and deformed by a high surface pressure, and warping is a thermal cycle. Can be substantially prevented.
- the clad plate according to the present invention is suitably used as a material for a sliding member used in a particularly severe sliding environment.
- FIG. 1 is an explanatory view showing the overall configuration of an example of a clad plate according to the present invention.
- FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram showing an overall configuration of an example of a clad plate 1 according to the present invention.
- the clad plate 1 includes a first layer (surface layer) 2, a second layer (intermediate layer) 3, and a third layer (surface layer) 4.
- the second layer 3 is joined to the first layer 2 through one of the two surfaces.
- the second layer 3 is joined to the third layer 4 through the other of the two surfaces.
- the clad plate 1 has a first layer 2 and a third layer 4 made of a hard metal having excellent wear resistance as surface layers. Furthermore, the clad plate 1 has a second layer 3 made of an aluminum alloy having excellent thermal conductivity as an intermediate layer.
- a clad plate composed of two layers of high hardness metal and aluminum, or a clad plate composed of three layers having metals having different coefficients of thermal expansion in the first layer 2 and the third layer 4 is subject to thermal deformation due to the bimetal effect. Since it occurs during use as a moving member, deformation due to thermal cycling cannot be suppressed.
- the clad plate 1 according to the present invention is a clad plate composed of three layers of a first layer 2, a second layer 3 and a third layer 4.
- the first layer 2 and the third layer 4 are both quench-hardened carbon steel or quench-hardened martensitic stainless steel, and are made of the same material.
- the second layer 3 is made of an aluminum alloy.
- Both the first layer 2 and the third layer 4 are quench-hardened carbon steel or quench-hardened martensitic stainless steel (collectively referred to as “quenze hardened steel” in the following description), and are made of the same material. .
- the reason why the hardened steel is used as the first layer 2 and the third layer 4 is as follows. (A) Quenching hardened steel can exhibit excellent wear resistance, Vickers hardness of 350 Hv or more can be easily obtained, and
- the difference in residual stress between the first layer 2 and the third layer 4 is within 150 MPa, and is suppressed to a small value. Thereby, the clad plate 1 can substantially prevent warpage during use as a sliding member.
- This difference in residual stress is desirably within 100 MPa, and more desirably within 80 MPa.
- the residual stress of each of the first layer 2 and the third layer 4 of the clad plate 1 is measured for the stress in the direction parallel to the rolling direction on the outer surface of each of the first layer 2 and the third layer 4, and an X-ray diffractometer is used. It is calculated from the gradient of the 2 ⁇ -sin 2 ⁇ diagram obtained by the parallel tilt method.
- the difference in residual stress between the first layer 2 and the third layer 4 is obtained by subtracting the residual stress at the outer surface of the third layer 4 from the residual stress at the outer surface of the first layer 2.
- Second layer 3 The second layer 3 is made of an aluminum alloy.
- the yield strength of this aluminum alloy at 400 ° C. is over 10 MPa.
- the proof stress of this aluminum alloy at room temperature after complete annealing is 1/10 or less of the proof strength of quench-hardened steel.
- Copper, aluminum, copper alloy, or aluminum alloy is considered as a metal having excellent thermal conductivity used for the second layer (intermediate layer) 3.
- An aluminum alloy capable of warm rolling joining in the air is desirable from the viewpoint of the productivity of the clad plate.
- the second layer 3 of the clad plate 1 is not made of pure aluminum (1000 series) defined by JIS H4000: 2014 but is made of an aluminum alloy.
- the yield strength of the second layer 3 at 400 ° C. is desirably 12 MPa or more, and more desirably 15 MPa or more.
- the proof stress of the aluminum alloy used as the second layer 3 as the intermediate layer is 1/10 or less of the proof strength of the hardened hardened steel used as the first layer 2 and the third layer 4.
- the proof stress of the aluminum alloy is 1 / 12.5 or less of the proof strength of the hardening hardened steel used as the first layer 3 and the third layer 4.
- the first layer 2 and the third layer 4 are different from before the start of use, or because the first layer 2 and the third layer 4 are unevenly thinned due to wear during use, the first layer Even when the thicknesses of the second layer 3 and the third layer 4 are different, the proof stress of the aluminum alloy of the second layer 3 is sufficiently smaller than the proof strength of the hardened hardened steel of the first layer 2 and the third layer 4. The deformation of the sliding member is reduced.
- the proof stress of heat treatment type (precipitation hardening type) aluminum alloys of 2000 series, 6000 series and 7000 series represented by duralumin is high.
- the strength of the heat-treatable aluminum alloy varies greatly within the operating temperature range (room temperature to 500 ° C.) of the clad plate 1. For this reason, it is not desirable to use a heat-treatable aluminum alloy for the second layer 3.
- each of the first layer 2, the second layer 3, and the third layer 4 may be appropriately set in consideration of the performance required for the sliding member.
- the thicknesses of the first layer 2 and the third layer 4 are preferably the same in order to reduce warpage.
- the thickness of each of the first layer 2 and the third layer 4 is 0.2 to 1.0 mm
- the thickness of the second layer is 0.5 to 1.0 mm.
- the material of the first layer 2 (hardened carbon steel having a Vickers hardness of 350 Hv or more or quench-hardened martensitic stainless steel plate, hereinafter collectively referred to as “quenching-hardened steel plate”) and the second layer 3
- the material (aluminum alloy plate) and the material of the third layer 4 (quenched hardened steel plate made of the same material as the first layer 2) are individually heated to 250 to 430 ° C. and laminated in this order.
- the laminated body is joined and rolled (first rolling) at a rolling reduction of 10% or more, a first layer made of quench-hardened steel, a second layer made of an aluminum alloy, and a third layer made of the same material as the first layer.
- the clad plate 1 is manufactured through a second heat treatment in which the clad strip subjected to the second rolling is held at 300 to 500 ° C. for 3 minutes or more. Further if necessary
- a step of flattening the clad band subjected to the second heat treatment with a leveler may be performed.
- each process is demonstrated one by one.
- the heating temperature is 250 to 430 ° C.
- the heating temperature is desirably 300 ° C. or higher, desirably 400 ° C. or lower.
- 1st rolling is performed in order to make the raw material of the 1st layer 2, the raw material of the 2nd layer 3, and the raw material of the 3rd layer 4 a temporary joined state, and to advance mutual diffusion by the 1st heat treatment after the 1st rolling.
- the rolling reduction of the first rolling is less than 10%, the mutual diffusion does not proceed sufficiently at the joint interface even if the first heat treatment is performed.
- the rolling reduction of the first rolling is 10% or more, desirably 20% or more.
- the upper limit of the rolling reduction of the first rolling is not limited.
- the rolling reduction of the first rolling is desirably 60% or less, desirably 50% or less, from the viewpoint of increasing the load on the rolling mill and difficulty in securing the product shape.
- the rolling reduction (%) is obtained as 100 ⁇ ⁇ (plate thickness of the laminate) ⁇ (plate thickness of the clad band) ⁇ / (plate thickness of the laminate).
- the laminate in which the materials of the first layer 2, the second layer 3 and the third layer 4 are laminated is warm-rolled in the atmosphere.
- the laminate is a clad band having a first layer made of quench-hardened steel, a second layer made of an aluminum alloy, and a third layer made of the same material as the first layer.
- each of the first layer 2 and the third layer 4 constituting the clad plate 1 has a particularly high strength compared to the material of the second layer 3 (aluminum alloy plate). For this reason, only the material (aluminum alloy plate) of the second layer 3 expands during the joining rolling.
- a new surface necessary for clad bonding hardly occurs in the materials (quenched hardened steel plates) of the first layer 2 and the third layer 4 constituting the clad plate 1. For this reason, the clad band which completed the 1st rolling does not have sufficient joint strength.
- the material of the first layer 2, the material of the second layer 3, and the material of the third layer 4 are in a temporarily joined state.
- the first heat treatment is performed to advance the interdiffusion at the bonding interface.
- High joint strength can be obtained by performing the second rolling and second heat treatment described later after the first heat treatment.
- the temperature of the first heat treatment is desirably 320 ° C. or higher, desirably 400 ° C. or lower.
- interdiffusion at the bonding interface proceeds even with a short heat treatment.
- a heat treatment time of 3 minutes or more, preferably 10 minutes or more is effective for interdiffusing uniformly across the bonding interface. Therefore, the first heat treatment is performed by holding at 300 to 500 ° C. for 3 minutes or more.
- the time for the first heat treatment is desirably 2 hours or less from the viewpoint of manufacturing cost.
- the clad band before the second rolling is in a state where the interdiffusion at the joint interface has progressed by the first heat treatment.
- the material of each of the first layer 2 and the third layer 4 quenched hardened steel plate
- the material of the second layer 3 aluminum alloy plate
- the material of each of the first layer 2, the second layer 3, and the third layer 4 is stretched at substantially the same reduction rate by performing the second rolling on the clad band in this state. Thereby, the new surface in the surface of the material of each of the first layer 2 and the third layer 4 is efficiently generated.
- the individual reduction ratios of the first layer 2, the second layer 3, and the third layer 4 are almost the same as the total reduction ratio. For this reason, a new surface is generated on the surface of the material of each of the first layer 2 and the third layer 4 at the same ratio as the total rolling reduction, and joining proceeds.
- the rolling reduction of the second rolling is less than 2.0%, even if the second heat treatment is performed after the second rolling, the bonding strength of the clad plate 1 is less than 10 N / mm. For this reason, the rolling reduction of 2nd rolling is 2.0% or more, Preferably it is 3.0% or more.
- the rolling reduction of the second rolling is not more than the breaking elongation value of the clad band after the first heat treatment.
- the rolling reduction (%) of the second rolling is 100 ⁇ ⁇ (the thickness of the clad band before the second rolling) ⁇ (the thickness of the clad band after the second rolling) ⁇ / (the clad before the second rolling) It is calculated as the thickness of the strip).
- the clad band has a bonding strength that can withstand the second rolling performed subsequently by performing the first heat treatment.
- the raw material (hardening hardening steel plate) of each of the 1st layer 2 and the 3rd layer 4 is extended by performing the 2nd rolling to a clad belt. As a result, a new surface is generated at the bonding interface.
- the reason why the second rolling is performed by increasing the forward tension on the clad band is to uniformize the processing strain applied to the materials of the first layer 2 and the third layer 4 by the second rolling, and thereby the surface of the clad plate 1. This is because the absolute value of the difference in residual stress between the first layer 2 and the third layer 4 forming the back surface is reduced.
- the rolling force required for deformation of the clad band directly under the rolling roll decreases with an increase in the back tension, and the plate thickness decreases with a smaller rolling force.
- the difference in residual stress inherent in each of the first layer and the third layer of the rolled clad band is reduced by an increase in the front tension, and the surface layer of each of the first layer 2 and the third layer 4 of the clad plate 1
- the difference in residual stress at is as small as 150 MPa.
- the rear tension is increased in order to reduce the rolling load.
- the processing strain provided to each of the 1st layer 2 and the 3rd layer 4 is equalize
- the values of the front tension and the rear tension are both determined based on the cross-sectional areas of the first layer and the third layer in the clad band and are 10 kg / mm 2 or more.
- the forward tension is desirably 15 kg / mm 2 or more.
- the forward tension is desirably 35 kg / mm 2 or less because there is a risk of causing warping due to shrinkage deformation in the plate width direction if it is excessively increased.
- the clad plate 1 is manufactured by performing a second heat treatment that is held at 300 to 500 ° C. for 3 minutes or more.
- the purpose of the second heat treatment is to ensure the bonding strength necessary for the clad plate 1 and to homogenize each of the first layer 2, the second layer 3 and the third layer 4 prior to use as a sliding member. By doing so, the strength of each of the first layer 2, the second layer 3, and the third layer 4 is not changed by the thermal cycle in use.
- the joint strength of the clad band increases rapidly by performing the second rolling and the second heat treatment.
- a new surface is generated at the bonding interface of the respective materials of the first layer 2 and the third layer 4 that have been subjected to the second rolling.
- interdiffusion does not proceed to this bonding interface.
- the joining strength of the clad band after the second rolling is small.
- the temperature of the second heat treatment is desirably 300 ° C. or higher, desirably 400 ° C. or lower.
- the second heat treatment is performed by holding at 300 to 500 ° C. for 3 minutes or longer, desirably 10 minutes or longer. From the viewpoint of manufacturing cost, it is desirable that the time for the second heat treatment is 2 hours or less.
- the second heat treatment preliminarily causes age hardening that proceeds at 300 to 500 ° C. in martensitic stainless steel, and softening heat treatment that proceeds at 300 to 500 ° C. in advance in an aluminum alloy. Thereby, the change of the characteristic by the heat cycle at the time of actual use of the clad board 1 is prevented.
- the clad plate 1 having the first layer 2 and the third layer 4 which are surface layers excellent in wear resistance and the second layer 3 which is an intermediate layer excellent in thermal conductivity is manufactured.
- the clad plate 1 is that the second layer 3 made of an aluminum alloy is compressed and deformed due to a high surface pressure particularly when used under a severe sliding environment, and warpage occurs due to a thermal cycle. Can be prevented.
- the clad plate 1 shown in FIG. 1 was prepared and obtained by variously changing the composition and manufacturing conditions of the first layer 2, the second layer 3 and the third layer 4 respectively.
- the Vickers hardness and bonding strength of the first layer 2 of the clad plate 1 and the residual stress difference between the first layer 2 and the third layer 4 were measured.
- the residual stress difference was determined by the method described above. Further, the front tension and the rear tension of the second rolling were obtained by conversion from the power value of the reel motor.
- the friction test was performed on the clad plate 1 to measure the amount of warpage. The case where the amount of warpage exceeded 1.5 mm was determined as defective.
- Table 1 The test conditions and results are summarized in Table 1.
- the numbers 1 to 5 and 12 in Table 1 are examples of the present invention that satisfy all the rules of the present invention, and the numbers 6 to 11 and 13 to 15 are comparative examples that do not satisfy the rules of the present invention.
- the warpage amount is suppressed to a target value of 1.5 mm or less.
- the example of this invention of the number 12 did not perform the flat correction by a leveler, although the amount of curvature was a little large with 1.5 mm, it was a pass level.
- the surface of the disk (the first layer 2 and the third layer 4) is worn by the friction test, Damaged at 7th cycle.
- the warpage amount was 3.5 mm.
- the comparative example of No. 9 was not joined because the rolling reduction of the first rolling did not reach the range of the present invention, and the subsequent experiment was stopped.
- the material characteristics of the first layer 2, the second layer 3 and the third layer 4 are not uniformized, and the warpage amount is 1. 9 mm.
Abstract
Description
(A)第1層(表層)、第2層(中間層)および第3層(表層)の3層からなるクラッド板が、特に過酷な摺動環境下で使用される摺動部材の素材として、用いられる。 The inventor obtained the knowledge A to E listed below and completed the present invention.
(A) A clad plate composed of three layers of a first layer (surface layer), a second layer (intermediate layer), and a third layer (surface layer) is used as a material for a sliding member used in a particularly severe sliding environment. Used.
本発明は以下に列記の通りである。 (E) The clad plate having the first layer, the second layer, and the third layer can substantially prevent deformation of the sliding member even when exposed to a high surface pressure or thermal cycle.
The present invention is listed below.
前記第1層および前記第3層は、焼入れ硬化した炭素鋼または焼入れ硬化したマルテンサイト系ステンレス鋼であって、同一の材料からなり、
前記第2層はアルミニウム合金からなり、
400℃における前記アルミニウム合金の耐力は10MPa超であり、
完全焼き鈍し後の常温における前記アルミニウム合金の耐力は、前記焼入れ硬化した炭素鋼または焼入れ硬化したマルテンサイト系ステンレス鋼の耐力の1/10以下であるとともに、
前記第1層および前記第3層それぞれの残留応力の差の絶対値は150MPa以内である、クラッド板。 (1) A clad plate comprising a first layer, a second layer, and a third layer laminated in this order in the thickness direction,
The first layer and the third layer are quench-hardened carbon steel or quench-hardened martensitic stainless steel, and are made of the same material,
The second layer is made of an aluminum alloy,
The proof stress of the aluminum alloy at 400 ° C. is more than 10 MPa,
The yield strength of the aluminum alloy at room temperature after complete annealing is 1/10 or less of the yield strength of the quench-hardened carbon steel or quench-hardened martensitic stainless steel,
The clad plate, wherein an absolute value of a difference in residual stress between each of the first layer and the third layer is within 150 MPa.
摩擦試験:クラッド板を直径100mmのディスクに加工し、ディスクの最外周から半径方向へ10mm離れた位置を、材質:JIS G4805:2008に規定されるSUJ2,および断面積:1cm2の2本のピンにより挟んで100Nの荷重を負荷しながら、ディスクを100rpmで回転させ、ディスクの表面温度が300℃に到達した時点で荷重を1000Nに高めて制動することを10サイクル行った後、ディスクを定盤上に平置きし、ディスクが定盤の表面から離れた量の最大値である反り量を測定する。 (4) The clad plate according to 1 or 2, wherein a warpage amount measured by the following friction test is 1.5 mm or less.
Friction test: A clad plate was processed into a disk with a diameter of 100 mm, and a position 10 mm away from the outermost periphery of the disk in the radial direction was made of two materials of SUJ2 defined in JIS G4805: 2008 and a cross-sectional area of 1 cm 2 . Rotate the disk at 100 rpm while applying a load of 100 N with a pin, and when the surface temperature of the disk reaches 300 ° C., increase the load to 1000 N and perform braking for 10 cycles. Place it flat on the board and measure the amount of warpage, which is the maximum value of the amount of the disc separated from the surface of the surface plate.
前記積層体を圧下率10%以上で接合圧延して、焼入れ硬化した炭素鋼または焼入れ硬化したマルテンサイト系ステンレス鋼からなる第1層と、アルミニウム合金からなる第2層と、前記第1層と同一の材料からなる第3層とを有するクラッド帯とする第1圧延工程と、
前記クラッド帯に300~500℃で3分間以上保持する第1熱処理を行う第1熱処理工程と、
前記第1熱処理を行われたクラッド帯を、10kg/mm2以上の前方張力および後方張力を付与しながら2.0%以上破断伸び値以下の圧下率で圧延する第2圧延工程と、
前記前方張力および前記後方張力を付与されながら圧延されたクラッド帯に300~500℃で3分間以上保持する第2熱処理を行う第2熱処理工程を含む、クラッド板の製造方法。
ただし、前記前方張力および前記後方張力の値は、前記クラッド帯における前記第1層および第3層の断面積に基づいて求められる。 (6) From the same material as the first quench-hardened carbon steel plate or quench-hardened martensitic stainless steel plate, an aluminum alloy plate, and the first quench-hardened carbon steel plate or quench-hardened martensitic stainless steel plate A stacking step in which the second quench-hardened carbon steel plate or quench-hardened martensitic stainless steel plate is heated to 250 to 430 ° C. and laminated in this order to form a laminate;
The laminate is joined and rolled at a rolling reduction of 10% or more, a first layer made of quench-hardened carbon steel or quench-hardened martensitic stainless steel, a second layer made of an aluminum alloy, and the first layer, A first rolling step as a clad band having a third layer made of the same material;
A first heat treatment step of performing a first heat treatment in which the clad band is held at 300 to 500 ° C. for 3 minutes or more;
A second rolling step of rolling the clad band subjected to the first heat treatment at a rolling reduction of 2.0% or more and a breaking elongation value or less while applying a front tension and a rear tension of 10 kg / mm 2 or more;
A method for producing a clad plate, comprising: a second heat treatment step of performing a second heat treatment in which the clad band rolled with the front tension and the rear tension is held at 300 to 500 ° C. for 3 minutes or more.
However, the values of the front tension and the rear tension are obtained based on the cross-sectional areas of the first layer and the third layer in the cladding band.
(1)全体構成
図1は、本発明に係るクラッド板1の一例の全体構成を示す説明図である。 1.
(1) Overall Configuration FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram showing an overall configuration of an example of a
第1層2および第3層4は、ともに、焼入れ硬化した炭素鋼もしくは焼入れ硬化したマルテンサイト系ステンレス鋼(以降の説明では「焼入れ硬化鋼」と総称する)であって、同一の材料からなる。 (2)
Both the
(a)焼入れ硬化鋼が優れた耐摩耗性を発揮できる、350Hv以上のビッカース硬度が容易に得られること、および The reason why the hardened steel is used as the
(A) Quenching hardened steel can exhibit excellent wear resistance, Vickers hardness of 350 Hv or more can be easily obtained, and
である。 (B) The characteristic due to the temperature history, which is the cause of deformation in the operating temperature range of the clad plate 1 (room temperature to 400 ° C., and the range of 500 ° C. which is the maximum temperature allowed only for a short time). The change is suppressed to a relatively small extent by pre-use heat-treating at 300 to 500 ° C. and age hardening.
第2層3はアルミニウム合金からなる。400℃におけるこのアルミニウム合金の耐力は10MPa超である。さらに、完全焼き鈍し後の常温におけるこのアルミニウム合金の耐力は、焼入れ硬化鋼の耐力の1/10以下である。 (3)
The
さらに、中間層である第2層3として用いるアルミニウム合金の耐力は、第1層2,第3層4として用いる焼入れ硬化鋼の耐力の1/10以下である。これにより、摺動中の熱履歴によって摺動部材が加熱されて第1層2,第3層4と第2層3との間に熱膨張差が生じても、耐力の小さなアルミニウム合金からなる第2層3が塑性変形して応力を解放し、反りが軽減される。 The yield strength of the
Furthermore, the proof stress of the aluminum alloy used as the
(1)全体工程
クラッド板1を製造する方法は、特許文献1により開示された方法と概ね同じである。相違点は、クラッド帯に前方張力を高めて第2圧延を行うこと、および、必要に応じて、最終工程でレベラにより平坦矯正することである。 2. Manufacturing method of clad plate 1 (1) Overall process The method of manufacturing the
第1層2の素材(硬さがビッカース硬度で350Hv以上の焼入れ硬化した炭素鋼板もしくは焼入れ硬化したマルテンサイト系ステンレス鋼板、以降の説明では「焼入れ硬化鋼板」と総称する)と、第2層3の素材(アルミニウム合金板)と、第3層4の素材(第1層2と同一材料から構成される焼入れ硬化鋼板)とを個別に250~430℃に加熱し、この順序で積層して積層体とする工程、 [Lamination process]
The material of the first layer 2 (hardened carbon steel having a Vickers hardness of 350 Hv or more or quench-hardened martensitic stainless steel plate, hereinafter collectively referred to as “quenching-hardened steel plate”) and the
積層体を圧下率10%以上で接合圧延(第1圧延)して、焼入れ硬化鋼からなる第1層と、アルミニウム合金からなる第2層と、第1層と同一の材料からなる第3層とを有するクラッド帯とする工程、 [First rolling step]
The laminated body is joined and rolled (first rolling) at a rolling reduction of 10% or more, a first layer made of quench-hardened steel, a second layer made of an aluminum alloy, and a third layer made of the same material as the first layer. A clad band having
クラッド帯に、300~500℃で3分間以上保持する第1熱処理を行う工程、
[第2圧延工程]
第1熱処理を行われたクラッド帯に、10kg/mm2以上の前方張力および後方張力を付与して2.0%以上破断伸び値以下の圧下率で第2圧延を行う工程、および [First heat treatment step]
Performing a first heat treatment on the clad band at 300 to 500 ° C. for 3 minutes or more,
[Second rolling step]
Applying a first tension and a rear tension of 10 kg / mm 2 or more to the clad band subjected to the first heat treatment and performing a second rolling at a rolling reduction of 2.0% or more and a breaking elongation value or less; and
第2圧延を行われたクラッド帯に、300~500℃で3分間以上保持する第2熱処理を行う工程
を経て、クラッド板1が製造される。必要に応じて、さらに [Second heat treatment step]
The
第2熱処理を行われたクラッド帯をレベラにより平坦矯正する工程
を経てもよい。以下、各工程を順次説明する。 [Flatening process]
A step of flattening the clad band subjected to the second heat treatment with a leveler may be performed. Hereinafter, each process is demonstrated one by one.
はじめに、第1層2の素材である焼入れ硬化鋼板と、第2層3の素材であるアルミニウム合金板と、第1層2と同一材料から構成される第3層4の素材である焼入れ硬化鋼板とを、個別に、250℃以上430℃以下に加熱し、この順で積層して積層体とする。そして、この積層体を圧下率10%以上で接合圧延(第1圧延)してクラッド帯とする。 (2) Lamination process and first rolling process First, a hardened and hardened steel plate as a material of the
300℃以上500℃以下で3分間以上保持する第1熱処理が、第1圧延工程を経て得られたクラッド帯に行われる。さらに、第2圧延が第1熱処理を行われたクラッド帯に行われる。第2圧延は、圧下率:2.0%以上破断伸び値以下,前方張力(圧延機出口側で圧延方向へ向けた張力)および後方張力(圧延機入口側で圧延方向と反対の方向へ向けた張力):10kg/mm2以上の条件で、行われる。ただし、前方張力および後方張力の値は、クラッド帯の第1層および第3層の断面積に基づいて求められる。 (3) 1st heat treatment process and 2nd rolling process The 1st heat processing hold | maintained at 300 degreeC or more and 500 degrees C or less for 3 minutes or more is performed to the clad belt obtained through the 1st rolling process. Further, the second rolling is performed on the clad band subjected to the first heat treatment. In the second rolling, the rolling reduction: 2.0% or more and the breaking elongation value or less, the front tension (tension in the rolling direction on the exit side of the rolling mill) and the rear tension (in the direction opposite to the rolling direction on the entrance side of the rolling mill) (Tension): 10 kg / mm 2 or more. However, the values of the front tension and the rear tension are obtained based on the cross-sectional areas of the first layer and the third layer of the clad band.
クラッド板1は、300~500℃で3分間以上保持する第2熱処理を行うことにより、製造される。第2熱処理の目的は、クラッド板1として必要な接合強度を確保すること、および、摺動部材としての使用に先立って第1層2、第2層3および第3層4それぞれを予め均質化することにより、第1層2、第2層3および第3層4それぞれの強度を使用中の熱サイクルにより変動させないことである。 (4) Second Heat Treatment Step and Flatness Correction Step The
2 第1層
3 第2層
4 第3層
DESCRIPTION OF
Claims (8)
- 板厚方向へ積層された第1層、第2層および第3層をこの順に備えるクラッド板であって、
前記第1層および前記第3層は、焼入れ硬化した炭素鋼または焼入れ硬化したマルテンサイト系ステンレス鋼であって、同一の材料からなり、
前記第2層はアルミニウム合金からなり、
400℃における前記アルミニウム合金の耐力は10MPa超であり、
完全焼き鈍し後の常温における前記アルミニウム合金の耐力は、前記焼入れ硬化した炭素鋼または焼入れ硬化したマルテンサイト系ステンレス鋼の耐力の1/10以下であるとともに、
前記第1層および前記第3層それぞれの残留応力の差は150MPa以内である、クラッド板。 A clad plate comprising a first layer, a second layer, and a third layer laminated in this order in the thickness direction,
The first layer and the third layer are quench-hardened carbon steel or quench-hardened martensitic stainless steel, and are made of the same material,
The second layer is made of an aluminum alloy,
The proof stress of the aluminum alloy at 400 ° C. is more than 10 MPa,
The yield strength of the aluminum alloy at room temperature after complete annealing is 1/10 or less of the yield strength of the quench-hardened carbon steel or quench-hardened martensitic stainless steel,
The clad plate, wherein the difference in residual stress between the first layer and the third layer is within 150 MPa. - 前記アルミニウム合金は、JIS H4000:2014に規定される3000系アルミニウム合金または5000系アルミニウム合金である、請求項1に記載のクラッド板。 The clad plate according to claim 1, wherein the aluminum alloy is a 3000 series aluminum alloy or a 5000 series aluminum alloy specified in JIS H4000: 2014.
- 前記第1層および前記第3層の硬度は、いずれも、JIS Z2244:2009に規定されるビッカース硬度で350Hv以上である、請求項1または2に記載のクラッド板。 3. The clad plate according to claim 1, wherein the first layer and the third layer both have a Vickers hardness of 350 Hv or more as defined in JIS Z2244: 2009.
- 下記摩擦試験により測定される反り量は1.5mm以下である、請求項1または2に記載のクラッド板。
摩擦試験:クラッド板を直径100mmのディスクに加工し、ディスクの最外周から半径方向へ10mm離れた位置を、材質:JIS G4805:2008に規定されるSUJ2,および断面積:1cm2の2本のピンにより挟んで100Nの荷重を負荷しながら、ディスクを100rpmで回転させ、ディスクの表面温度が300℃に到達した時点で荷重を1000Nに高めて制動することを10サイクル行った後、ディスクを定盤上に平置きし、ディスクが定盤の表面から離れた量の最大値である反り量を測定する。 The clad plate according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the amount of warpage measured by the following friction test is 1.5 mm or less.
Friction test: A clad plate was processed into a disk with a diameter of 100 mm, and a position 10 mm away from the outermost periphery of the disk in the radial direction was made of two materials of SUJ2 defined in JIS G4805: 2008 and a cross-sectional area of 1 cm 2 . Rotate the disk at 100 rpm while applying a load of 100 N with a pin, and when the surface temperature of the disk reaches 300 ° C., increase the load to 1000 N and perform braking for 10 cycles. Place it flat on the board and measure the amount of warpage, which is the maximum value of the amount of the disc separated from the surface of the surface plate. - 前記第1層および前記第3層と前記第2層との接合強度は10N/mm以上である、請求項1または2に記載のクラッド板。 The clad plate according to claim 1 or 2, wherein a bonding strength between the first layer and the third layer and the second layer is 10 N / mm or more.
- 第1の焼入れ硬化した炭素鋼板または焼入れ硬化したマルテンサイト系ステンレス鋼板と、アルミニウム合金板と、前記第1の焼入れ硬化した炭素鋼板または焼入れ硬化したマルテンサイト系ステンレス鋼板と同一の材料から構成される第2の焼入れ硬化した炭素鋼板または焼入れ硬化したマルテンサイト系ステンレス鋼板とを、250~430℃に加熱し、この順に積層して積層体とする積層工程と、
前記積層体を圧下率10%以上で接合圧延して、焼入れ硬化した炭素鋼または焼入れ硬化したマルテンサイト系ステンレス鋼からなる第1層と、アルミニウム合金からなる第2層と、前記第1層と同一の材料からなる第3層とを有するクラッド帯とする第1圧延工程と、
前記クラッド帯に300~500℃で3分間以上保持する第1熱処理を行う第1熱処理工程と、
前記第1熱処理を行われたクラッド帯を、10kg/mm2以上の前方張力および後方張力を付与しながら2.0%以上破断伸び値以下の圧下率で圧延する第2圧延工程と、
前記前方張力および前記後方張力を付与されながら圧延されたクラッド帯に300~500℃で3分間以上保持する第2熱処理を行う第2熱処理工程を含む、クラッド板の製造方法。
ただし、前記前方張力および前記後方張力の値は、前記クラッド帯における前記第1層および第3層の断面積に基づいて求められる。 The first quench-hardened carbon steel plate or the quench-hardened martensitic stainless steel plate, the aluminum alloy plate, and the same material as the first quench-hardened carbon steel plate or the quench-hardened martensitic stainless steel plate. A second quenching and hardening carbon steel plate or a quench hardening martensitic stainless steel plate is heated to 250 to 430 ° C. and laminated in this order to form a laminate,
The laminate is joined and rolled at a rolling reduction of 10% or more, a first layer made of quench-hardened carbon steel or quench-hardened martensitic stainless steel, a second layer made of an aluminum alloy, and the first layer, A first rolling step as a clad band having a third layer made of the same material;
A first heat treatment step of performing a first heat treatment in which the clad band is held at 300 to 500 ° C. for 3 minutes or more;
A second rolling step of rolling the clad band subjected to the first heat treatment at a rolling reduction of 2.0% or more and a breaking elongation value or less while applying a front tension and a rear tension of 10 kg / mm 2 or more;
A method for producing a clad plate, comprising: a second heat treatment step of performing a second heat treatment in which the clad band rolled with the front tension and the rear tension is held at 300 to 500 ° C. for 3 minutes or more.
However, the values of the front tension and the rear tension are obtained based on the cross-sectional areas of the first layer and the third layer in the cladding band. - 前記前方張力は15kg/mm2以上である、請求項6に記載のクラッド板の製造方法。 The method for manufacturing a clad plate according to claim 6, wherein the front tension is 15 kg / mm 2 or more.
- 前記第2熱処理を行われたクラッド帯をレベラにより平坦矯正する平坦矯正工程を含む、請求項6または7に記載のクラッド板の製造方法。 The method for manufacturing a clad plate according to claim 6 or 7, further comprising a flattening step of flattening the clad band subjected to the second heat treatment with a leveler.
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JP2019025542A (en) * | 2017-07-31 | 2019-02-21 | 東洋鋼鈑株式会社 | Roll-adhered assembly for electronic apparatus and electronic apparatus housing |
JP2019025543A (en) * | 2017-07-31 | 2019-02-21 | 東洋鋼鈑株式会社 | Roll-adhered assembly for electronic apparatus and electronic apparatus housing |
CN112481466A (en) * | 2020-10-30 | 2021-03-12 | 四川惊雷科技股份有限公司 | Remedial heat treatment process for carbon steel-stainless steel composite board |
CN114769312A (en) * | 2022-04-27 | 2022-07-22 | 郑州宇光复合材料有限公司 | Preparation method and application of material for supporting mobile phone camera |
Also Published As
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JPWO2017043360A1 (en) | 2017-09-07 |
CN107708910A (en) | 2018-02-16 |
JP6119942B1 (en) | 2017-04-26 |
CN107708910B (en) | 2020-02-14 |
KR20180017116A (en) | 2018-02-20 |
KR102034130B1 (en) | 2019-10-18 |
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