WO2017041496A1 - Interface de communication nfc passive comprenant une antenne de réception d'énergie indépendante - Google Patents

Interface de communication nfc passive comprenant une antenne de réception d'énergie indépendante Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2017041496A1
WO2017041496A1 PCT/CN2016/080853 CN2016080853W WO2017041496A1 WO 2017041496 A1 WO2017041496 A1 WO 2017041496A1 CN 2016080853 W CN2016080853 W CN 2016080853W WO 2017041496 A1 WO2017041496 A1 WO 2017041496A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
nfc
antenna
passive
energy receiving
nfc communication
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PCT/CN2016/080853
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English (en)
Chinese (zh)
Inventor
王清斌
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王清斌
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Publication date
Application filed by 王清斌 filed Critical 王清斌
Publication of WO2017041496A1 publication Critical patent/WO2017041496A1/fr

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J50/00—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power
    • H02J50/20—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power using microwaves or radio frequency waves
    • H04B5/48—

Definitions

  • the invention belongs to the field of wireless communications, and in particular relates to a passive NFC communication interface with an independent energy receiving antenna.
  • NFC Near Field Communication
  • NFC Near Field Communication
  • An important part of the NFC standard is the inheritance of high frequency RFID passive interfaces, allowing communication between active NFC interfaces and passive NFC interfaces.
  • the passive NFC interface receives RF energy from the active NFC interface to power itself and external devices to maintain internal computing and external communications.
  • NFC passive interfaces are widely used in wireless payment, Bluetooth pairing, point-to-point transmission, passive tags and other applications, and have broad application prospects in the future Internet of Things.
  • the design of the existing passive NFC communication interface is directly inherited from the RFID, the energy receiving efficiency is very low, and only a small amount of energy (about 10 mW) can be obtained from the active NFC interface, so that only the simple operation of the passive device can be maintained. Such as reading and writing internal memory.
  • NFC passive interfaces such as bank dual interface cards, new visual bank cards, smart wearable devices, sensor networks, etc.
  • low reception power greatly limits these applications.
  • the existing solution mainly starts from reducing the power consumption of the device, so that this small amount of energy can also maintain the normal operation of the device.
  • These solutions include the use of newer manufacturing technologies to reduce power consumption (such as upgrading from a 130nm process to a 90nm process), increasing device sleep time, and lowering the package. Set the working frequency and so on.
  • these approaches either increase the cost of the device or limit the performance of the device.
  • the present invention provides a passive NFC communication interface design with an independent energy receiving antenna with high receiving power, to fundamentally solve the problem of low receiving power of the NFC passive interface.
  • a passive NFC communication interface with an independent energy receiving antenna comprising an NFC passive communication circuit and a radio frequency energy receiving circuit
  • the NFC passive communication circuit is composed of an NFC communication antenna, a communication antenna matching circuit, and an NFC transceiver, and is specifically responsible for NFC passive communication;
  • the radio frequency energy receiving circuit is composed of a radio frequency energy receiving antenna, a radio frequency energy receiving antenna matching circuit, a bridge rectification, and a DC/DC, and is specifically responsible for receiving NFC radio frequency energy;
  • the NFC communication antenna is connected to the NFC transceiver through a communication antenna matching circuit, the communication antenna matching circuit adjusts the impedance of the NFC communication antenna to be matched with the NFC transceiver, and the NFC transceiver demodulates the 13.56 received by the NFC communication antenna. Mhz signal, and modulate the 13.56Mhz signal to be sent to the NFC communication antenna;
  • the NFC communication antenna receives only a very low energy signal to ensure that the RF energy receiving antenna receives most of the RF energy, and has at least one of the following properties: low Q value ( ⁇ 20), low inductance value ( ⁇ 4uH) ), low coupling with the transmitting antenna (coupling coefficient ⁇ 0.2), not 13.56Mhz resonance (after connection with the communication antenna matching circuit);
  • the RF energy receiving antenna is connected to the input of the bridge rectifier through a radio frequency energy receiving antenna matching circuit, and the output of the bridge rectifier is connected to the input of the DC/DC, and the RF energy receiving antenna matching circuit adjusts the resonance of the RF energy receiving antenna.
  • Frequency and impedance, bridge rectification converts the received RF energy into a DC voltage, and DC/DC regulates and outputs the DC voltage;
  • the radio frequency energy receiving antenna has the following properties: an inductance value between 3 uH and 10 uH, a Q value of 20 or more, an antenna area of 100 mm 2 to 5000 mm 2 , and a connection with the RF energy receiving antenna matching circuit at 13.56 Mhz resonance;
  • the RF energy receiving antenna matching circuit adjusts the impedance of the RF energy receiving antenna to a suitable range according to an actual load condition to improve the receiving power
  • the rectified output end of the radio frequency energy receiving circuit is connected to the power source of the passive NFC communication interface to provide all power for the operation of the passive NFC communication interface;
  • the passive NFC communication interface is connected to an external device through a bus, and transmits NFC data received by the NFC passive communication circuit to an external device, and receives NFC data to be transmitted from the external device;
  • the power source of the passive NFC communication interface is connected to the external device through a certain form to provide all or part of the power for the operation of the external device.
  • a passive NFC communication method with an independent energy receiving antenna which uses the above passive NFC communication interface, characterized in that the communication method comprises the following steps:
  • the antenna for the NFC communication in the step B) controls the Q value below 20, the inductance value is below 4 uH, the coupling coefficient with the transmitting antenna is less than 0.2, or does not resonate at 13.56 Mhz;
  • the antenna for NFC radio frequency energy reception in the step C) is specifically controlled to have an inductance value of 3uH-10uH, a Q value of 20 or more, and an antenna area of 100mm 2 to 5000mm 2 .
  • the present invention can greatly improve the energy receiving power of a passive NFC communication interface, and provides a large amount of power for a device with a passive NFC communication interface. This extra power will allow the device to offer more features, higher performance, and a better user experience.
  • the invention greatly expands the range of applications of passive NFC communication interfaces in the current and future years.
  • the present invention is different from the traditional passive NFC communication interface using the same antenna for communication and energy reception.
  • the present invention uses two or more antennas for communication and NFC radio frequency energy reception, respectively, allowing each antenna to be optimized separately, while ensuring NFC
  • the communication performance greatly increases the RF reception power.
  • This device with a passive NFC communication interface provides a large amount of power, allowing the device to provide more functionality, higher performance, and a better user experience.
  • the invention greatly expands the range of applications of passive NFC communication interfaces in the current and future years.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic view of the electrical structure of the present invention.
  • the present invention provides a design of a passive NFC communication interface with an independent energy receiving antenna having a high received power, the passive NFC communication interface 4 including an NFC passive communication circuit and a radio frequency energy receiving circuit.
  • the NFC passive communication circuit includes an NFC communication antenna 1, a communication antenna matching circuit 2, and an NFC transceiver 3, and provides an NFC passive communication function;
  • the receiving circuit comprises a radio frequency energy receiving antenna 10, a radio frequency energy receiving antenna matching circuit 9, a bridge rectification 8, a DC/DC 7, and an NFC radio frequency energy receiving function;
  • the NFC communication antenna 1 is connected to the NFC transceiver through the communication antenna matching circuit 2 3;
  • the NFC communication antenna 1 receives a signal from the NFC active interface and transmits a signal generated by the NFC transceiver 3;
  • the communication antenna matching circuit 2 adjusts the impedance of the NFC communication antenna 1 to match the NFC transceiver 3
  • the NFC transceiver 3 demodulates the signal from the
  • the RF energy receiving antenna 10 receives the RF energy transmitted by the NFC active interface; the RF energy receiving antenna matching circuit 9 tunes the RF energy receiving antenna 10 to a resonant frequency of 13.56 Mhz, and The antenna impedance is converted to a suitable range according to the actual load condition; the RF energy is transmitted to the bridge rectifier 8 for rectification by impedance transformation, and the obtained DC voltage is converted into a suitable voltage by DC/DC 7 to supply power to the passive NFC communication interface 4;
  • the passive NFC communication interface 4 is connected to the external device 5 through a data bus, and the external device 5 is responsible for processing the NFC data received by the passive NFC communication interface 4 and providing the NFC data to be transmitted by the passive NFC communication interface 4;
  • the power output of the source NFC communication interface 4 is also connected to the external device 5 for transmitting the energy received by the passive NFC communication interface 4 to the external device.
  • the passive NFC communication interface 4 uses separate antennas (NFC communication antenna 1 and RF energy receiving antenna 10) for communication and NFC RF energy reception, respectively.
  • the main reason for using the independent antenna structure is that the NFC passive communication circuit and the RF energy receiving circuit have very different requirements for the antenna.
  • an antenna with a lower Q value (quality factor) must be used (for example, Q ⁇ 20). The higher the quality factor, the stronger the antenna selectivity and the lower the bandwidth.
  • the passive NFC communication interface 4 uses separate antennas, and the NFC communication antenna 1 and the RF energy receiving antenna 10 are responsible for communication and energy reception, respectively. Since multiple antennas can be optimized separately, communication performance and reception efficiency can be balanced.
  • the passive NFC communication interface 4 can use more than two antennas according to actual conditions to improve the receiving range.
  • optimization measures for the NFC communication antenna 1 and the RF energy receiving antenna 10 are now described.
  • the purpose of the optimization is to increase the energy received by the RF energy receiving antenna 10 as much as possible while ensuring the communication performance of the NFC communication antenna 1.
  • NFC communication Antenna 1 needs to reduce the received energy as much as possible (only need to meet the sensitivity of NFC transceiver 3).
  • the NFC communication antenna 1 must have at least one of the following properties to reduce the received energy.
  • Third, low coupling to the transmit antenna This can be achieved by reducing the antenna area, adjusting the antenna position, and increasing the distance from the transmitting antenna. Fourth, it does not resonate at 13.56Mhz. This can be achieved by adjusting the antenna matching circuit 2.
  • the RF energy receiving antenna 10 and the RF energy receiving antenna matching circuit 9 are required to satisfy four conditions.
  • the RF energy receiving antenna 10 is connected to the RF energy receiving antenna matching circuit 9 to resonate at 13.56 Mhz.
  • the inductance value of the RF energy receiving antenna 10 cannot be too large, otherwise it cannot resonate at 13.56 Mhz.
  • an excessively low inductance value results in a low received power, so the inductance value is generally suitable between 3uH and 10uH.
  • the RF energy receiving antenna 10 has as high a Q value as possible.
  • Methods for increasing the Q value include using an antenna having a larger cross-sectional area, reducing the parasitic capacitance of the antenna, using a lower impedance antenna material, and the like.
  • the output impedance of the RF energy receiving antenna 10 connected to the RF energy receiving antenna matching circuit 9 needs to be matched with the load impedance to ensure maximum power transmission. This can be achieved by adjusting the parameters of the RF energy receiving antenna matching circuit 9.
  • the RF energy receiving antenna 10 needs to have a suitable area to provide sufficient coupling with the transmitting antenna. For the antenna size of a typical NFC active interface, the face of the RF energy receiving antenna 10 must be between 100 mm 2 and 5000 mm 2 .
  • the RF energy receiving circuit is composed of an RF energy receiving antenna 10, a RF energy receiving antenna matching circuit 9, a bridge rectifier 8 and a DC/DC 7, and the function is to convert the RF energy transmitted by the NFC active interface into DC power with as little loss as possible. can.
  • the RF energy receiving antenna matching circuit 9 is responsible for tuning the RF energy receiving antenna 10 to a resonant frequency of 13.56 Mhz and adjusting the antenna impedance to an appropriate level according to the actual load.
  • the bridge rectifier 8 is used to convert the 13.56 Mhz RF signal into DC power, and the DC/DC 7 regulates the DC voltage. To minimize conversion losses, the bridge rectifier 8 can be a high speed, low dropout Schottky diode, and the DC/DC 7 can use a low power, high efficiency buck, boost or switched capacitor regulator.

Abstract

La présente invention se rapporte au domaine de la communication sans fil et concerne, de manière spécifique, une interface de communication en champ proche (NFC) passive comprenant une antenne de réception d'énergie indépendante. L'interface de communication NFC passive comprend un circuit de communication passive NFC pour une communication passive et un circuit de réception d'énergie radiofréquence pour une réception d'énergie radiofréquence NFC. Le circuit de réception passive NFC comprend une antenne de communication NFC, un circuit de mise en correspondance d'antenne de communication et un émetteur-récepteur NFC, l'antenne de communication NFC étant connectée à l'émetteur-récepteur NFC par l'intermédiaire du circuit de mise en correspondance d'antenne de communication. Selon la présente invention, la puissance de réception d'énergie d'une interface de communication passive NFC est considérablement améliorée, et une grande quantité d'électricité est fournie à un dispositif avec l'interface de communication NFC passive. Selon l'électricité supplémentaire, le dispositif est autorisé à fournir plus de fonctions, la performance est plus élevée, et l'expérience d'utilisateur est meilleure. La plage d'application d'une interface de communication passive NFC est considérablement étendue par la présente invention à présent et dans les quelques années à venir.
PCT/CN2016/080853 2015-09-08 2016-05-02 Interface de communication nfc passive comprenant une antenne de réception d'énergie indépendante WO2017041496A1 (fr)

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CN2015105681174 2015-09-08
CN201510568117.4A CN105099527B (zh) 2015-09-08 2015-09-08 一种具有独立能量接收天线的无源nfc通信接口

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CN105897313B (zh) * 2016-04-01 2019-01-15 王清斌 一种优化能量采集及实现小尺寸天线的nfc通信系统及方法
CN105868810B (zh) * 2016-04-01 2019-07-16 王清斌 一种为能量采集和小尺寸天线优化的nfc读写器接口
CN106073798A (zh) * 2016-06-01 2016-11-09 北京理工大学 基于植入式和可穿戴生物传感技术的实时健康监测系统
JP6855989B2 (ja) * 2017-09-14 2021-04-07 オムロン株式会社 Ｒｆタグ回路
CN109698713A (zh) * 2017-10-20 2019-04-30 南京启纬智芯微电子有限公司 具有能量管理功能的nfc接口
CN109697768A (zh) * 2017-10-20 2019-04-30 南京启纬智芯微电子有限公司 智能锁电路及智能锁
WO2019076366A1 (fr) 2017-10-20 2019-04-25 南京启纬智芯微电子有限公司 Interface nfc avec fonction de gestion d'énergie
CN108808890A (zh) * 2018-07-16 2018-11-13 成都瑞德星无线技术有限公司 一种紧凑型远距离无线能量接收装置
CN109586759B (zh) * 2018-12-13 2019-10-18 电子科技大学 一种新型的全双工共生通信系统
CN111385776A (zh) * 2018-12-28 2020-07-07 南京启纬智芯微电子有限公司 能量传递增强装置、无源从设备及磁通信系统
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