WO2017031663A1 - 离心开关及带有该离心开关的无刷液阻电机启动器 - Google Patents

离心开关及带有该离心开关的无刷液阻电机启动器 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2017031663A1
WO2017031663A1 PCT/CN2015/087918 CN2015087918W WO2017031663A1 WO 2017031663 A1 WO2017031663 A1 WO 2017031663A1 CN 2015087918 W CN2015087918 W CN 2015087918W WO 2017031663 A1 WO2017031663 A1 WO 2017031663A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
electrode
centrifugal
block
linkage block
centrifugal switch
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PCT/CN2015/087918
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
尚勤贵
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尚勤贵
尚金鸽
尚金铎
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Application filed by 尚勤贵, 尚金鸽, 尚金铎 filed Critical 尚勤贵
Priority to PCT/CN2015/087918 priority Critical patent/WO2017031663A1/zh
Publication of WO2017031663A1 publication Critical patent/WO2017031663A1/zh

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
    • H02P1/00—Arrangements for starting electric motors or dynamo-electric converters
    • H02P1/16—Arrangements for starting electric motors or dynamo-electric converters for starting dynamo-electric motors or dynamo-electric converters
    • H02P1/26—Arrangements for starting electric motors or dynamo-electric converters for starting dynamo-electric motors or dynamo-electric converters for starting an individual polyphase induction motor
    • H02P1/34—Arrangements for starting electric motors or dynamo-electric converters for starting dynamo-electric motors or dynamo-electric converters for starting an individual polyphase induction motor by progressive reduction of impedance in secondary circuit
    • H02P1/36—Arrangements for starting electric motors or dynamo-electric converters for starting dynamo-electric motors or dynamo-electric converters for starting an individual polyphase induction motor by progressive reduction of impedance in secondary circuit the impedance being a liquid resistance

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a centrifugal switch and a brushless liquid resistance motor starter with the same, belonging to the field of electromechanical.
  • the vacuum switch in the prior art is mainly composed of a moving electrode, a static electrode, a conductive push rod and a pressing spring.
  • the moving electrode and the static electrode are arranged in a vacuum interrupter, the moving electrode is linked with the conductive push rod, and the conductive push rod is fixed.
  • the vacuum switch is fixed in the chamber in the radial direction.
  • the starting circuit is electrically connected to the motor circuit.
  • the centrifugal block and the moving electrode in the vacuum switch are Under the action of centrifugal force, the centrifugal block compresses the pressing spring and pushes the moving electrode to gradually lean against the static electrode.
  • the moving electrode and the static electrode reach a certain distance, a discharge phenomenon occurs between the moving electrode and the static electrode, and a large amount of arc is generated to generate the electrode. Serious injury.
  • the speed at which the moving and static electrodes are combined is generally low, resulting in a longer arc duration between the moving and stationary electrodes; in addition, in the region where the supply voltage is unstable, the motor speed is high and low due to voltage fluctuations. , causing a gap between the moving and static electrodes to generate an arc.
  • the arc generated by the former is generally less harmful to the electrode, and the latter may cause multiple arcs between the moving electrodes due to voltage instability, which may occur in a short time. This frequently generated arc is also a large damage to the electrode.
  • the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a centrifugal switch and a brushless liquid-resistance motor starter with the centrifugal switch, so that the arc duration of the movable electrode is shortened during the process of bonding the static electrode.
  • the moving electrode is fixed in the process that the moving electrode completely conforms to the static electrode to generate electric power, so that no gap occurs between the moving and static electrodes so that no arc is generated, and damage to the electrode is reduced.
  • a brushless liquid resistance motor starter centrifugal switch comprises: a static electrode fixedly arranged on a housing of the motor starter and a moving electrode arranged on the elastic mechanism, and after the motor is started, the moving electrode is driven by the centrifugal force Static electricity
  • the elastic mechanism comprises: a guiding rod, a linkage block sleeved on the guiding rod, and a pressing spring for locking and resetting the movable electrode and the static electrode after the completion of the power activation, and the clamping a fastening component of the linkage block, the elastic mechanism further comprising a power assisting assembly for accelerating the movable electrode to the static electrode, the power assisting component being disposed on an outer sidewall of the linkage block.
  • the fastening component comprises: a top wire, a spring and a steel ball disposed radially along the guide rod, and an annular groove and an annular long groove formed on the guide rod, The position of the clamping component corresponds to the position of the annular long groove when the motor is not started.
  • the power assisting assembly comprises: an energy storage spring and a centrifugal block, the energy storage spring is disposed between the centrifugal block and one end of the outer side wall of the linkage block, and is outside the centrifugal block and the linkage block One end of the wall abuts against each other.
  • the elastic mechanism further includes a positioning block, and the positioning block is in contact with the centrifugal block.
  • the distance between the center line of the annular groove and the center line of the top wire, the spring and the steel ball disposed radially along the guide rod and the moving electrode when the motor is not activated The distance y between the stationary electrodes is equal.
  • the guide rod is fixedly connected to the reservoir housing through an insulating structure, the linkage block is slidably engaged with the guide rod, and the movable electrode is disposed on the linkage block;
  • the upper opening is provided with a radial through hole, and the top wire, the spring and the steel ball are disposed in the radial through hole.
  • the pressing spring is disposed between the insulating structure and the bottom end of the inner side wall of the linkage block, and abuts against the bottom end of the insulating structure and the inner side wall of the linkage block.
  • the centrifugal switch further includes a fixing member fixedly coupled to the reservoir housing through an insulating post, one end of the guiding rod is disposed through the fixing member, and A moving electrode is disposed on the end surface of the end, and the other end is fixedly connected to the linking block; a radial through hole is defined in the fixing member, and the top wire, the spring and the steel ball are disposed in the radial through hole.
  • the pressing spring is disposed between the fixing member and the inner bottom end of the linkage block, and abuts against the fixing member and the bottom end of the inner wall of the linkage block.
  • the invention also provides a brushless liquid resistance motor starter, comprising: a liquid storage tank housing, wherein a motor shaft, a starting electrode plate, a binding post and a centrifugal switch as described above are arranged in the liquid storage tank housing, The starting plate is connected to the centrifugal switch through the terminal.
  • the centrifugal switch of the invention and the brushless liquid-resistance motor starter with the centrifugal switch shorten the arc duration of the moving electrode in the process of fitting the static electrode, and in the process that the moving electrode completely fits the static electrode to generate electric power Solid
  • the electrode is fixed so that there is no gap between the moving and static electrodes so that no arc is generated and the damage to the electrode is reduced.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a centrifugal switch of a brushless liquid resistance motor starter according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of a centrifugal switch of a brushless liquid resistance motor starter according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of a brushless liquid-resistance motor starter of the present invention.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a centrifugal switch of a brushless liquid resistance motor starter according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the brushless liquid resistance motor starter centrifugal switch provided by the present invention comprises: a fixed setting in a motor starter storage tank.
  • the static electrode 7 on the casing 1 and the movable electrode 8 disposed on the elastic mechanism after the motor is started, the movable electrode 8 is attached to the static electrode 7 under the action of centrifugal force
  • the elastic mechanism comprises: a guide rod 12, and is sleeved on a linkage block 15 on the guide rod 12, and a clamping assembly 14 for securing the movable electrode 8 and the static electrode 7 to be separated and reset after the completion of the power activation, and a fastening component of the fastening linkage block 15, the elastic force
  • the mechanism further includes a boosting assembly that accelerates the movable electrode 8 to the stationary electrode 7, and the boosting assembly is disposed on an outer sidewall of the linkage block 15.
  • the fastening component comprises: a top wire 9, a spring 10 and a steel ball 11 disposed radially along the guiding rod 12, and an annular groove 21 and an annular long groove 20 formed on the guiding rod 12, the card
  • the position of the solid component corresponds to the position of the annular long groove 20 when the motor is not started.
  • the power assisting assembly includes: an energy storage spring 16 and a centrifugal block 17, and the energy storage spring 16 is disposed between the centrifugal block 17 and one end of the outer side wall of the linkage block 15, and is opposite to the outer side walls of the centrifugal block 17 and the linkage block 15 top.
  • the elastic mechanism further includes a positioning block 18 that is in contact with the centrifugal block 17 for preventing the centrifugal block 17 from slipping in the opposite direction to the centrifugal force.
  • the movable electrode 8 when the motor is started, the movable electrode 8 is electrically connected to the stationary electrode 7 through an elastic mechanism, and the electric power is transmitted through the flexible conductive tape 19.
  • the elastic mechanism includes: a pressing spring 14 , a linkage block 15 , an energy storage spring 16 , a guiding rod 12 and a positioning block 18 , and the guiding rod 12 is fixedly connected to the reservoir housing 1 through the insulating structure 6 , and the linkage
  • the block 15 is sleeved on the guide rod 12 and is slidably engaged with the guide rod 12, and the linkage block 15 has a barrel shape;
  • the movable electrode 8 is disposed on the top end surface of the side wall of the linkage block 15 and is connected to the static electrode The position of 7 corresponds.
  • the pressing spring 14 has one end abutting against one end surface of the insulating structure 6 and the other end abutting against the bottom end surface of the inner side wall of the linkage block 15, and the pressing spring 14 is associated with The moving block 15 moves to cause deformation.
  • the energy storage spring 16 and the centrifugal block 17 are disposed on the outer side wall of the linkage block 15, and one end of the energy storage spring 16 abuts against one end surface of the movable electrode 8, and the other end abuts against one end surface of the centrifugal block 17.
  • the resistance component can also be disposed on the right outer side wall of the linkage block 15, and a person skilled in the art can set the specific position of the resistance component as needed.
  • the positioning block 18 is in contact with the centrifugal block 17 for preventing the centrifugal block 17 from slipping in the opposite direction to the centrifugal force.
  • a retaining ring 13 is fixedly disposed on the guide rod 12 for sliding off the guide rod 12 during the sliding of the linkage block 15 on the guide rod 12.
  • the elastic mechanism further includes: a top wire 9, a spring 10, and a steel ball 11; and an annular groove 21 and an annular long groove 20 which are sequentially disposed on one end of the guide rod 12 away from the insulating structure 6;
  • the joint block 15 is provided with two radial through holes, each of which corresponds to the position of each annular long groove 20 when the motor is not started, and each of the radial through holes is provided with a top wire 9 and a spring 10
  • the steel ball 11 is abutted in the annular long groove 20 by the spring 10 by adjusting the top wire 9.
  • the depth of the annular long groove 20 is smaller than the radius of the steel ball 11 so as to facilitate the operation of the motor. The resistance of the steel ball 11 from the annular long groove 20 is reduced.
  • the specific working process is as follows: Please refer to FIG. 1 , when the motor is started, the resistive liquid is electrically connected to the motor circuit to rotate the motor, and as the motor speed increases, the linkage block 15 and the moving electrode disposed on the linkage block 15 8 is moved to the stationary electrode 7 by the centrifugal force, and the pressing spring 14 is compressed by the linkage block 15 to cause compression deformation. At this time, the storage spring 16 is compressed by the centrifugal force of the centrifugal block 17 to also cause compression deformation.
  • the centrifugal force of the linkage block 15 is sufficient to overcome the clamping force between the steel ball 11 and the annular long groove 20 and compress the spring 10, and the steel ball 11 is separated from the annular long groove 20, and the energy storage spring 16 is instantaneous.
  • the moving electrode 8 quickly approaches and fits to the static electrode 7, turns on the external motor circuit, and the motor runs normally to complete the startup process.
  • the pressing spring 14 receives a centrifugal force greater than its own resilience, so that when the energy storage spring 16 is released, the pressing spring 14 continues to be compressed and deformed.
  • the present invention provides an annular groove 12 in the guide rod 12 to completely solve the defect that an arc is generated when the movable electrode 8 and the stationary electrode 7 are attached.
  • the distance x between the center line of the annular groove 21 provided on the guide rod 12 and the center line of the radial through hole is equal to the distance y between the movable electrode 8 and the stationary electrode 7 when the motor is not activated, so When the movable electrode 8 is attached to the stationary electrode 7, the steel ball 11 slides down into the annular groove 21, so that the movable electrode 8 and the static electrode 7 are completely fitted, and the movable electrode 8 is separated from the stationary electrode 7 due to voltage instability.
  • the centrifugal switch provided in this embodiment has substantially the same structure as the centrifugal switch of the first embodiment, including: fixedly disposed on the motor a static electrode 7' on the starter tank housing 1 and a movable electrode 8' disposed on the elastic mechanism, the elastic mechanism comprising: a positioning block 18', a guide rod 12', and a guide rod 12 'the upper linkage block 15', and the locking spring 14' for securing the movable electrode 8' and the stationary electrode 7' to be separated and reset after the completion of the power activation, and the fastening assembly of the fastening linkage 15'
  • the elastic mechanism further includes a boosting assembly that accelerates the movable electrode 8' to the stationary electrode 7', and the boosting assembly is disposed on the outer side wall of the interlocking block 15'.
  • the fastening component comprises: a top wire 9' disposed radially along the guiding rod 12', a spring 10' and a steel ball 11', and an annular groove 21' and a ring length formed on the guiding rod 12'
  • the groove 20'; the power assisting assembly includes: an energy storage spring 16' and a centrifugal block 17'.
  • the centrifugal switch of the embodiment further includes: a fixing member 22, the fixing member 22 is fixedly connected to the reservoir casing 1 through an insulating post 6', and one end of the guiding rod 12' is pierced
  • the fixing member 22 is provided with a moving electrode 8' on the end surface of the end, and the other end is fixedly connected with the linking block 15'; the radial through hole is opened on the fixing member 22; the pressing spring 14' It is disposed between the fixing member 22 and the inner bottom end of the linkage block 15', and abuts against the fixing member 22 and the bottom end of the inner side wall of the linkage block 15'.
  • the positioning block 18' is in contact with the centrifugal block 17' for preventing the centrifugal block 17' from slipping in the opposite direction of the centrifugal force.
  • the centrifugal switch of the embodiment is identical to the starting principle of the centrifugal switch of the first embodiment, except that the working mode of the centrifugal switch of the embodiment is different from that of the first embodiment. Specifically, please refer to FIG.
  • the resistor fluid is electrically connected to the motor circuit to rotate the motor.
  • the linkage block 15' is fixedly connected to the linkage block 15' and the guide rod 12' is disposed.
  • the movable electrode 8' on the end face moves to the static electrode 7' under the action of the centrifugal force, and the pressing spring 14' is compressed by the linkage block 15' to generate a compression deformation.
  • the energy storage spring 16' is subjected to the centrifugal block 17'.
  • the centrifugal force extrusion also produces a compression set.
  • the moving electrode 8' moves toward the stationary electrode 7' due to the resistance caused by the steel ball 11'.
  • the pressing spring 14' is relatively stopped deformed, and at the same time, the centrifugal force of the centrifugal block 17' is increased due to the increase in the rotational speed of the motor, causing the energy storage spring 16' to continue to compress and deform.
  • the centrifugal force of the guide rod 12' is sufficient to overcome the clamping force between the steel ball 11' and the annular long groove 20' and compress the spring 10', and the steel ball 11' is separated from the annular long groove 20'.
  • Energy storage The spring 16' is instantaneously released, so that the movable electrode 8' is quickly approached and attached to the stationary electrode 7', the external motor circuit is turned on, the motor is normally operated, the startup process is completed, and the electric power is output through the flexible conductive tape 19'.
  • the process of generating electric power between the movable electrode 8' and the static electrode 7' in the present embodiment is the same as that of the first embodiment, and will not be described herein.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of a brushless liquid-resistance motor starter according to the present invention.
  • the present invention in addition to the centrifugal switch in the above embodiment, also provides a brushless liquid-resistance motor starter, as shown in FIG.
  • the brushless liquid resistance motor starter includes: a liquid tank housing 1 in which a motor shaft 2, a starting plate 3, a binding post 4, a centrifugal exhausting explosion-proof valve 5, and In the centrifugal switch described in the above embodiment, the starting plate 3 is connected to the centrifugal switch through the terminal 4.
  • the centrifugal switch of the present invention and the brushless liquid-resistance motor starter with the centrifugal switch enable the arc duration of the movable electrode to be shortened during the process of bonding the static electrode, and the movable electrode is completely fitted to the static electrode.
  • the moving electrode is fixed so that no gap occurs between the moving and static electrodes so that no arc is generated and the damage to the electrode is reduced.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • One-Way And Automatic Clutches, And Combinations Of Different Clutches (AREA)

Abstract

一种离心开关及带有该离心开关的无刷液阻电机启动器，其中，离心开关包括固定设置在电机启动器储液箱壳体（1）上的静电极（7，7'）和设置在弹力机构上的动电极（8，8'），弹力机构包括导杆（12，12'）、套设在导杆（12，12'）上的联动块（15，15'）、以及使联动块（15，15'）在完成电力启动后，使动电极（8，8'）和静电极（7，7'）分离复位的抵压弹簧（14，14'）、卡固联动块（15，15'）的卡固组件，弹力机构还包括使动电极加速向静电极贴合的助力组件，其设置在联动块（15，15'）的外侧壁上。在动、静电极的贴合过程中，离心开关使电弧持续时间缩短，并且在动电极完全贴合静电极时，不产生电弧，减小对电极的损伤。

Description

离心开关及带有该离心开关的无刷液阻电机启动器 技术领域
本发明涉及一种离心开关及带有该离心开关的无刷液阻电机启动器，属于机电领域。
背景技术
在现有技术中的真空开关主要由动电极、静电极、导电推杆及抵压弹簧组成，动电极及静电极设于真空灭弧室内，动电极与导电推杆联动，导电推杆上固定有离心块。在使用时，真空开关沿径向固定在所处的腔室内，电机起动过程中，先由起动液导电接通电机回路，随着电机转速的不断增加，真空开关中的离心块和动电极在离心力的作用下，离心块压缩抵压弹簧并推动动电极逐渐靠向静电极，当动电极和静电极达到一定距离后，动电极与静电极之间发生放电现象，产生大量电弧会对电极产生严重损伤。
另外，在动、静电极结合时的速度一般比较低，导致动、静电极之间产生的电弧延续时间较长；此外在供电电压不稳定的地区，由于电压的波动，电机转速时高时低，导致动、静电极之间出现间隙而产生电弧。前者产生的电弧对电极的损伤一般较小，而后者由于电压不稳定导致动电极之间的电弧可能在短时间内发生多次，这种频繁产生的电弧对电极也是一种较大的伤害。
综上所述，解决因动电极逐渐靠近静电极时产生的大量电弧以及因电压不稳定或电机负载变化导致动、静电极之间产生电弧的问题，是液阻电机启动器的重要课题。
发明内容
本发明所要解决的技术问题在于，针对现有技术的不足提供一种离心开关及带有该离心开关的无刷液阻电机启动器，使动电极在贴合静电极的过程中电弧持续时间缩短，并且在动电极完全贴合静电极产生电力的过程中固定动电极，使动、静电极之间不出现间隙以致不产生电弧，减小对电极的损伤。
本发明所要解决的技术问题是通过如下技术方案实现的：
一种无刷液阻电机启动器离心开关，包括：固定设置在电机启动器储液箱壳体上的静电极和设置在弹力机构上的动电极，电机启动后，在离心力作用下动电极与静电 极贴合，所述弹力机构包括：导杆、套设在所述导杆上的联动块、以及使联动块在完成电力启动后，使动电极和静电极分离复位的抵压弹簧、卡固联动块的卡固组件，所述弹力机构还包括使动电极加速向静电极贴合的助力组件，所述助力组件设置在所述联动块的外侧壁上。
为了使联动块更好的固定，所述卡固组件包括：沿所述导杆径向设置的顶丝、弹簧和钢球，以及在所述导杆上开设的环形槽和环形长槽，所述卡固组件的设置位置与未启动电机时的环形长槽的位置对应。
为了使动电极加速向静电极贴合，所述助力组件包括：储能弹簧和离心块，所述储能弹簧设置在离心块与联动块外侧壁一端之间，并且与离心块和联动块外侧壁一端相互抵顶。
为了防止离心块向离心力反反向滑落，所述弹力机构还包括一定位块，所述定位块与所述离心块触接。
为了使动电极更牢固的贴合静电极，环形槽的中心线与沿所述导杆径向设置的顶丝、弹簧和钢球的中心线之间的距离x与电机未启动时动电极与静电极之间的距离y相等。
本发明的一实施例，所述导杆通过绝缘结构与储液箱壳体固定连接，所述联动块与导杆滑配合，所述动电极设置在所述联动块上；在所述联动块上开设有径向通孔，所述顶丝、弹簧和钢球设置在该径向通孔内。
更好地，所述抵压弹簧设置在绝缘结构与联动块内侧壁底端之间，并与绝缘结构和联动块内侧壁底端相互抵顶。
本发明的另一实施例，所述离心开关还包括固定构件，所述固定构件通过绝缘支柱与所述储液箱壳体固定连接，所述导杆的一端穿设于该固定构件，并且在该端的端面上设置一动电极，另一端与联动块固定连接；在所述固定构件上开设有径向通孔，所述顶丝、弹簧和钢球设置在该径向通孔内。
更好地，所述抵压弹簧设置在固定构件与联动块内侧底端之间，并与固定构件和联动块内侧壁底端相互抵顶。
本发明还提供一种无刷液阻电机启动器，包括：储液箱壳体，在所述储液箱壳体内设置有电机轴、启动极板、接线柱以及如上述的离心开关，所述启动极板通过接线柱与离心开关连接。
本发明的离心开关及带有该离心开关的无刷液阻电机启动器，使动电极在贴合静电极的过程中电弧持续时间缩短，并且在动电极完全贴合静电极产生电力的过程中固 定动电极，使动、静电极之间不出现间隙以致不产生电弧，减小对电极的损伤。
附图说明
图1为本发明实施例一无刷液阻电机启动器离心开关结构示意图；
图2为本发明实施例二无刷液阻电机启动器离心开关结构示意图；
图3为本发明无刷液阻电机启动器结构示意图。
具体实施方式
实施例一
图1为本发明实施例一无刷液阻电机启动器离心开关结构示意图，如图1所示，本发明提供的无刷液阻电机启动器离心开关包括：固定设置在电机启动器储液箱壳体1上的静电极7和设置在弹力机构上的动电极8，电机启动后，在离心力作用下动电极8与静电极7贴合，所述弹力机构包括：导杆12、套设在所述导杆12上的联动块15、以及使联动块在完成电力启动后，使动电极8和静电极7分离复位的抵压弹簧14、卡固联动块15的卡固组件，所述弹力机构还包括使动电极8加速向静电极7贴合的助力组件，所述助力组件设置在所述联动块15的外侧壁上。
所述卡固组件包括：沿所述导杆12径向设置的顶丝9、弹簧10和钢球11，以及在所述导杆12上开设的环形槽21和环形长槽20，所述卡固组件的设置位置与未启动电机时的环形长槽20的位置对应。
所述助力组件包括：储能弹簧16和离心块17，所述储能弹簧16设置在离心块17与联动块15外侧壁一端之间，并且与离心块17和联动块15外侧壁一端相互抵顶。
所述弹力机构还包括一定位块18，所述定位块18与所述离心块17触接，用于防止离心块17向离心力反方向滑落。
具体地说：
本实施例的离心开关，当电机启动时，所述动电极8通过弹力机构与静电极7接触产生电力，并且通过柔性导电带19输通电力。
所述弹力机构包括：抵压弹簧14、联动块15、储能弹簧16、导杆12和定位块18，所述导杆12通过绝缘结构6与储液箱壳体1固定连接，所述联动块15套设在导杆12上并与所述导杆12滑配合，所述联动块15呈桶形；所述动电极8设置在所述联动块15侧壁的顶端面上且与静电极7的位置相对应。所述抵压弹簧14设一端抵在绝缘结构6的一端面，另一端抵在联动块15内侧壁的底端面上，所述抵压弹簧14随联 动块15移动而产生形变。所述储能弹簧16与离心块17设置在联动块15的外侧壁上，并且储能弹簧16的一端抵在动电极8的一端面上，另一端抵在离心块17的一端面上。当然所述的阻力组件也可以设在联动块15右外侧壁，本领域技术人员可根据需要设置阻力组件的具体位置。所述定位块18与所述离心块17触接，用于防止离心块17向离心力反方向滑落。为了防止所述联动块15脱离导杆12，在所述导杆12上固定设置一挡圈13，用于抵挡联动块15在导杆12上滑动的过程中滑出导杆12。
另外，所述弹力机构还包括：顶丝9、弹簧10以及钢球11以及在所述导杆12两侧远离绝缘结构6的一端上依次设置的环形槽21和环形长槽20；在所述联动块15上设有两个径向通孔，每一个径向通孔与未启动电机时的每一个环形长槽20的位置对应，每一个径向通孔内设有顶丝9、弹簧10以及钢球11，通过调整顶丝9通过弹簧10使钢球11抵顶在环形长槽20中，需要说明的是，环形长槽20的深度小于钢球11的半径，以便于在电机运转过程中减小钢球11脱离环形长槽20的阻力。
具体工作过程如下：请参照图1所示，当电机启动时，电阻液导电接通电机回路使电机转动，随着电机转速的不断增大，联动块15以及设置在联动块15上的动电极8在离心力的作用下向静电极7移动，同时抵压弹簧14受到联动块15的挤压而产生压缩形变，此时储能弹簧16受离心块17离心力的挤压也产生压缩形变。当联动块15移动到使所述环形长槽20左侧壁与钢球11相抵卡紧的位置时，由于钢球11带来的阻力使动电极8向静电极7移动速度降低，抵压弹簧14相对停止形变，与此同时由于电机的转速上升，使离心块17的离心力增加导致储能弹簧16继续压缩形变。当电机转速达到一定数值时，联动块15受到的离心力足以克服钢珠11与环形长槽20之间的卡紧力并使弹簧10压缩，钢珠11脱离环形长槽20，此时储能弹簧16瞬间释放，使动电极8快速向静电极7靠近并贴合，导通外部电机回路，电机正常运转，完成启动过程。需要说明的是，当钢珠11脱离环形长槽20时，抵压弹簧14由于受到的离心力大于其本身的回弹力，因此当储能弹簧16释放时，抵压弹簧14继续被压缩变形。
在现有技术中，当动电极8与静电极7贴合时，由于电压的不稳定导致电机的转速忽高忽低，使动电极8与静电极7不能很好的完全贴合，因此会产生电弧。本发明在导杆12上设置环形槽12可以完全解决在动电极8与静电极7贴合时产生电弧的缺陷。具体地说，设置在导杆12上的环形槽21中心线与径向通孔的中心线之间的距离x与电机未启动时动电极8与静电极7之间的距离y相等，因此当动电极8与静电极7贴合时，所述钢珠11滑落到环形槽21中，使动电极8与静电极7完全贴合，而不因电压不稳导致动电极8脱离静电极7。
当电机转速逐渐下降到一定数值时，离心力小于抵压弹簧14的回弹力，由于抵压弹簧14的释放，使钢球11脱离环形槽21并滑落到环形长槽20中，动电极8离开静电极7，完成电力导通过程。
实施例二
图2为本发明实施例二无刷液阻电机启动器离心开关结构示意图，如图2所示，本实施例提供的离心开关与实施例一的离心开关结构基本相同，包括：固定设置在电机启动器储液箱壳体1上的静电极7’和设置在弹力机构上的动电极8’，所述弹力机构包括：定位块18’、导杆12’、套设在所述导杆12’上的联动块15’、以及使联动块在完成电力启动后，使动电极8’和静电极7’分离复位的抵压弹簧14’、卡固联动块15’的卡固组件，所述弹力机构还包括使动电极8’加速向静电极7’贴合的助力组件，所述助力组件设置在所述联动块15’的外侧壁上。所述卡固组件包括：沿所述导杆12’径向设置的顶丝9’、弹簧10’和钢球11’，以及在所述导杆12’上开设的环形槽21’和环形长槽20’；所述助力组件包括：储能弹簧16’和离心块17’。
不同之处在于，本实施例的离心开关还包括：固定构件22，所述固定构件22通过绝缘支柱6’与所述储液箱壳体1固定连接，所述导杆12’的一端穿设于该固定构件22，并且在该端的端面上设置一动电极8’，另一端与联动块15’固定连接；所述径向通孔开设在所述固定构件22上；所述抵压弹簧14’设置在固定构件22与联动块15’内侧底端之间，并与固定构件22和联动块15’内侧壁底端相互抵顶。所述定位块18’与所述离心块17’触接，用于防止离心块17’向离心力反方向滑落。
本实施例离心开关与实施例一的离心开关的启动原理是一致的，不同之处在于本实施例的离心开关的工作方式与实施例一有所不同，具体地说：请参照图2所示，当电机启动时，电阻液导电接通电机回路使电机转动，随着电机转速的不断增大，联动块15’与联动块15’固定连接的导杆12’以及设置在导杆12’一端面上的动电极8’在离心力的作用下向静电极7’移动，同时抵压弹簧14’受到联动块15’的挤压而产生压缩形变，此时储能弹簧16’受离心块17’离心力的挤压也产生压缩形变。当导杆12’移动到使所述环形长槽20’右侧壁与钢球11’相抵卡紧的位置时，由于钢球11’带来的阻力使动电极8’向静电极7’移动速度降低，抵压弹簧14’相对停止形变，与此同时由于电机的转速上升，使离心块17’的离心力增加导致储能弹簧16’继续压缩形变。当电机转速达到一定数值时，导杆12’受到的离心力足以克服钢珠11’与环形长槽20’之间的卡紧力并使弹簧10’压缩，钢珠11’脱离环形长槽20’，此时储能 弹簧16’瞬间释放，使动电极8’快速向静电极7’靠近并贴合，导通外部电机回路，电机正常运转，完成启动过程，通过柔性导电带19’输出电力。本实施例在动电极8’贴合静电极7’产生电力的过程以及动电极8’脱离静电极7’的过程与实施例一相同，在此不再赘述。
图3为本发明无刷液阻电机启动器结构示意图，如图3所示，本发明除了提供上述实施例中的离心开关，还提供一种无刷液阻电机启动器，如图3所示，无刷液阻电机启动器包括：储液箱壳体1，在所述储液箱壳体1内设置有电机轴2、启动极板3、接线柱4、离心式排空防爆阀5以及上述实施例中所述的离心开关，所述启动极板3通过接线柱4与离心开关连接。
综上所示，本发明的离心开关及带有该离心开关的无刷液阻电机启动器，使动电极在贴合静电极的过程中电弧持续时间缩短，并且在动电极完全贴合静电极产生电力的过程中固定动电极，使动、静电极之间不出现间隙以致不产生电弧，减小对电极的损伤。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种无刷液阻电机启动器离心开关，包括：固定设置在电机启动器储液箱壳体(1)上的静电极(7，7’)和设置在弹力机构上的动电极(8，8’)，电机启动后，在离心力作用下动电极(8，8’)与静电极(7，7’)贴合，所述弹力机构包括：导杆(12，12’)、套设在所述导杆(12，12’)上的联动块(15，15’)、以及使联动块在完成电力启动后，使动电极(8，8’)和静电极(7，7’)分离复位的抵压弹簧(14，14’)、卡固联动块(15，15’)的卡固组件，其特征在于，所述弹力机构还包括使动电极(8，8’)加速向静电极(7，7’)贴合的助力组件，所述助力组件设置在所述联动块(15，15’)的外侧壁上。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的离心开关，其特征在于，所述卡固组件包括：沿所述导杆(12，12’)径向设置的顶丝(9，9’)、弹簧(10，10’)和钢球(11，11’)，以及在所述导杆(12，12’)上开设的环形槽(21，21’)和环形长槽(20，20’)，所述卡固组件的设置位置与未启动电机时的环形长槽(20，20’)的位置对应。
  3. 如权利要求2所述的离心开关，其特征在于，所述助力组件包括：储能弹簧(16，16’)和离心块(17，17’)，所述储能弹簧(16，16’)设置在离心块(17，17’)与联动块(15，15’)外侧壁一端之间，并且与离心块(17，17’)和联动块(15，15’)外侧壁一端相互抵顶。
  4. 如权利要求3所述的离心开关，其特征在于，所述弹力机构还包括一定位块(18，18’)，所述定位块(18，18’)与所述离心块(17，17’)触接，用于防止离心块(17，17’)向离心力反方向滑落。
  5. 如权利要求4所述的离心开关，其特征在于，环形槽(21，21’)的中心线与沿所述导杆(12，12’)径向设置的顶丝(9，9’)、弹簧(10，10’)和钢球(11，11’)的中心线之间的距离x与电机未启动时动电极(8，8’)与静电极(7，7’)之间的距离y相等。
  6. 如权利要求5所述的离心开关，其特征在于，所述导杆(12)通过绝缘结构(6)与储液箱壳体(1)固定连接，所述联动块(15)与导杆(12)滑配合，所述动 电极(8)设置在所述联动块(15)上；在所述联动块(15)上开设有径向通孔，所述顶丝(9)、弹簧(10)和钢球(11)设置在该径向通孔内。
  7. 如权利要求6所述的离心开关，其特征在于，所述抵压弹簧(14)设置在绝缘结构(6)与联动块(15)内侧壁底端之间，并与绝缘结构(6)和联动块(15)内侧壁底端相互抵顶。
  8. 如权利要求5所述的离心开关，其特征在于，所述离心开关还包括固定构件(22)，所述固定构件(22)通过绝缘支柱(6’)与所述储液箱壳体(1)固定连接，所述导杆(12’)的一端穿设于该固定构件(22)，并且在该端的端面上设置一动电极(8’)，另一端与联动块(15’)固定连接；在所述固定构件(22)上开设有径向通孔，所述顶丝(9’)、弹簧(10’)和钢球(11’)设置在该径向通孔内。
  9. 如权利要求8所述的离心开关，其特征在于，所述抵压弹簧(14’)设置在固定构件(22)与联动块(15’)内侧底端之间，并与固定构件(22)和联动块(15’)内侧壁底端相互抵顶。
  10. 一种无刷液阻电机启动器，其特征在于，包括：储液箱壳体(1)，在所述储液箱壳体(1)内设置有电机轴(2)、启动极板(3)、接线柱(4)、离心式排空防爆阀(5)以及如权利要求1-9任一项所述的离心开关，所述启动极板(3)通过接线柱(4)与离心开关连接。
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DE102004057606A1 (de) * 2004-11-29 2006-06-01 Mks Anlasser- Und Elektrotechnik Gmbh Drehstromflüssigkeitsanlasser, Anlassverfahren, Isolierverfahren und Phasendurchführung
CN101101819A (zh) * 2007-07-27 2008-01-09 浙江正泰电器股份有限公司 自动转换开关
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