WO2017024560A1 - 用于发送和接收波束对准的方法和装置 - Google Patents

用于发送和接收波束对准的方法和装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2017024560A1
WO2017024560A1 PCT/CN2015/086783 CN2015086783W WO2017024560A1 WO 2017024560 A1 WO2017024560 A1 WO 2017024560A1 CN 2015086783 W CN2015086783 W CN 2015086783W WO 2017024560 A1 WO2017024560 A1 WO 2017024560A1
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Prior art keywords
downlink
random access
beamforming vector
information
transmit
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PCT/CN2015/086783
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English (en)
French (fr)
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孙欢
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上海贝尔股份有限公司
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Priority to CN201580081611.6A priority Critical patent/CN107852683B/zh
Priority to PCT/CN2015/086783 priority patent/WO2017024560A1/zh
Publication of WO2017024560A1 publication Critical patent/WO2017024560A1/zh

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W56/00—Synchronisation arrangements

Definitions

  • the present disclosure relates to wireless communications and, more particularly, to wireless communications employing beamforming.
  • millimeter wave Due to the availability of sufficient frequency resources in the millimeter wave (mmWave) band, it is considered for future access networks to support data rates in excess of gigabits in fifth generation (5G) wireless networks.
  • 5G fifth generation
  • a major challenge is the large propagation loss.
  • 4G wireless networks operating at 2.6 GHz or 3.5 GHz
  • millimeter-waveband communications can introduce tens of dB of propagation loss.
  • one solution for transmit and receive beam alignment is to utilize time division multiplexed beam scanning. For example, in different time slots, different beam vectors are selected by the base station for downlink transmission, and the terminal equipment monitors all beam scanning periods to select/determine its preferred transmission beam and adjust its receive beam and its corresponding accordingly. Accurate, resulting in improved signal to noise to interference ratio (SINR).
  • SINR signal to noise to interference ratio
  • Time-division multiplexed beam scanning also lengthens the latency for data transmission.
  • mobility may cause a break in its transmission link, and due to beam scanning for time division multiplexing, the end user searches for a new access point and a suitable beam to establish a new link.
  • the waiting time required becomes longer. Therefore, this poses a major challenge for low latency and high data rate transmission in 5G systems.
  • a first aspect of the disclosure provides a method in an access node of a wireless communication system.
  • the method includes transmitting, by a power boosted first transmit power, a downlink broadcast signal from a predetermined antenna port to a device for enabling the device to obtain downlink synchronization and obtaining for random access in a first time period System information, wherein the downlink broadcast signal occupies a portion of a system bandwidth of the wireless communication system; receives an uplink random access preamble from the device, and determines to be used based on the random access preamble a downlink transmit beamforming vector of the device; and transmitting control information to the device as a response to the uplink random access preamble.
  • transmitting control information to the device may include transmitting the control information to the device based on the determined downlink transmit beamforming vector.
  • the power boost can be achieved by the first time period All of the transmit power of the predetermined antenna port is concentrated on the portion of the system bandwidth, and the predetermined transmit power of the predetermined antenna port is zero in the remainder of the system bandwidth.
  • the downlink broadcast signal can include at least one of a primary synchronization signal, a secondary synchronization signal, configuration information regarding a cell-specific reference signal, and information regarding the system bandwidth.
  • control information may include at least one of: time advance information for the uplink, and resource allocation information for the uplink.
  • the method may further comprise optimizing the downlink transmit beamforming vector by reducing interference of the downlink transmit beamforming vector to at least one other device in the wireless communication system.
  • the method may include transmitting the beamforming vector and matrix by using the downlink
  • the principal feature vector is proportional to optimize the downlink transmit beamforming vector; wherein F eNB represents the interference covariance matrix, and H i and H j represent the device indexed i and another device indexed j, respectively
  • the downlink channel matrix, K represents the total number of users for multi-user multiple input multiple output MIMO transmission, and (.) H represents matrix conjugate.
  • a second aspect of the present disclosure provides a method in an apparatus of a wireless communication system.
  • the method includes receiving, from a predetermined antenna port, a downlink broadcast signal transmitted by the power boosted first transmit power from a predetermined antenna port in a first time period to obtain downlink synchronization and obtaining for randomization System information of access, wherein the downlink broadcast signal occupies a portion of a system bandwidth of the wireless communication system; performing a downlink channel according to the obtained downlink synchronization and the system information for random access Measuring, and thereby determining, a downlink receive beamforming vector; transmitting a random access preamble to the access node; and receiving control information from the access node, the control information being for the random access preamble response.
  • receiving control information from the access node may include receiving beamformed control information from the access node.
  • the method can further include modifying the downlink receive beamforming vector based on the receipt of the control information.
  • the power boosting may be by causing all of the transmit power of the predetermined antenna port to be concentrated by the access node in the first time period to the portion of the system bandwidth.
  • the predetermined antenna port is implemented with a second transmit power of zero for the remainder of the system bandwidth.
  • the received downlink broadcast signal may include at least one of a primary synchronization signal, a secondary synchronization signal, configuration information regarding a cell-specific reference signal, and information regarding the system bandwidth.
  • control information may include at least one of: time advance information for the uplink, and resource allocation information for the uplink.
  • the method can also include optimizing the downlink receive beamforming vector by maximizing a received signal and a noise and interference ratio SINR of the device.
  • the downlink receive beamforming vector may be optimized by employing a beamforming vector represented as follows:
  • L represents the first interference channel matrix
  • L represents the total number of interferences considered by the device
  • H i represents the downlink channel matrix of the device
  • ⁇ 0 represents the variance of the interference
  • (.) H represents matrix conjugate
  • (.) -1 represents the inverse of the matrix.
  • a third aspect of the present disclosure provides an apparatus in an access node of a wireless communication system.
  • the apparatus includes a first transmitting unit configured to transmit a downlink broadcast signal from a predetermined antenna port to a device in a first time period with a power boosted first transmit power for causing the device to obtain a downlink And synchronizing system information for random access, wherein the downlink broadcast signal occupies a portion of a system bandwidth of the wireless communication system; a beamforming unit configured to receive an uplink random from the device Accessing a preamble and determining a downlink transmit beamforming vector for the device based on the random access preamble; and a second transmitting unit configured to send control information to the device as the uplink The channel is randomly connected to the preamble response.
  • the second transmitting unit is configured to transmit the beam using the downlink The shape vector sends control information to the device.
  • the apparatus may further comprise: a beamforming vector optimization unit configured to optimize the downlink by reducing interference of the downlink transmit beamforming vector to at least one other device in the wireless communication system The link transmits a beamforming vector.
  • a beamforming vector optimization unit configured to optimize the downlink by reducing interference of the downlink transmit beamforming vector to at least one other device in the wireless communication system The link transmits a beamforming vector.
  • a fourth aspect of the present disclosure provides an apparatus in an apparatus of a wireless communication system.
  • the apparatus includes a first receiving unit configured to receive, from a predetermined antenna port, a downlink transmitted by a power boosted first transmit power from an access node in the wireless communication system in a first time period Broadcasting signals to obtain downlink synchronization and obtaining system information for random access, wherein the downlink broadcast signal occupies a portion of a system bandwidth of the wireless communication system; a receive beamforming unit configured to obtain Downlink synchronization and the system information for random access, performing downlink channel measurements, and thereby determining a downlink receive beamforming vector; and a random access unit configured to access the
  • the node sends a random access preamble; the second receiving unit is configured to receive control information from the access node, the control information being a response to the random access preamble.
  • the apparatus can further include a receive beamforming optimization unit configured to optimize the downlink receive beamforming vector by maximizing a received signal and a noise and interference ratio SINR of the device.
  • a receive beamforming optimization unit configured to optimize the downlink receive beamforming vector by maximizing a received signal and a noise and interference ratio SINR of the device.
  • transmission and reception beam vector alignment can be quickly implemented, improving the performance of the wireless communication system.
  • FIG. 1 shows a schematic diagram of an exemplary wireless communication system in which a method of an embodiment of the present disclosure can be implemented
  • FIG. 2 shows a flowchart of a method implemented at an access node of a wireless communication network, in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • FIG. 3 shows a flow diagram of a method implemented at a device of a wireless communication network, in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • FIG. 4 shows a block diagram of an apparatus implemented at an access node of a wireless communication network, in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • FIG. 5 shows a block diagram of an apparatus implemented at a device of a wireless communication network, in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • embodiments of the present disclosure will be described herein in the context of 5G millimeter wave communication. However, as will be understood by those skilled in the art, embodiments of the present disclosure are in no way limited to the application environment of 5G millimeter wave communication. Rather, it can be applied to any wireless communication system that has similar problems, such as WLAN or WPAN, or other communication systems developed in the future.
  • the device in the embodiment of the present disclosure may be a user equipment (UE), or may be any terminal having a wireless communication function, including but not limited to, a mobile phone, a computer, a personal digital assistant, a game machine, a wearable device, and a sensor. Wait.
  • the term UE is capable of communicating with a mobile station, a subscriber station, a mobile terminal, a user terminal, a terminal Equipment or wireless devices are used interchangeably.
  • the device may also be an access node, such as a Node B (or B), a Basic Transceiver Station (BTS), a Base Station (BS), or a Base Station Subsystem (BSS), a relay, and a remote radio head ( RRF) and so on.
  • BTS Basic Transceiver Station
  • BS Base Station
  • BSS Base Station Subsystem
  • RRF remote radio head
  • the wireless communication system 100 can include one or more access nodes 101, for example, in this example, the access node 101 can be embodied as a base station, such as an evolved Node B (eNodeB, or eNB). It should be understood that the access node 101 may also be embodied in other forms, such as a Node B (or B), a Basic Transceiver Station (BTS), a Base Station (BS), or a Base Station Subsystem (BSS). Successor and so on.
  • the access node 101 can provide a radio connection for a plurality of wireless devices (e.g., UEs 102-103) that are within its coverage.
  • the access node 101 can be equipped with an antenna array to provide MIMO communication with the device. Due to the different locations of the devices, the access nodes may use different transmit beams for downlink transmissions to different devices.
  • multiple antennas may also be provided to generate a beam for downlink reception and a beam for uplink transmission for compensating for propagation loss To improve reception performance.
  • Each beam is determined by a respective beamforming vector that defines a weighting factor applied to each antenna element.
  • Beamforming vectors are sometimes referred to hereinafter simply as beam vectors.
  • the receive beamforming vector used at the UE and the transmit beamforming vector used at the access node 101 should be adjusted such that the receive beam at the UE is aligned with the transmit beam at the access node 101. .
  • time-division-based beam scanning can achieve beam alignment, but its drawback is that the delay is large, which has an adverse effect on random access and data transmission.
  • LTE Long Term Evolution
  • 3GPP 3rd Generation Partnership Project
  • the eNB transmits a primary synchronization signal (PSS) and a secondary synchronization signal (SSS) to assist the user in implementing cell search and downlink channel synchronization.
  • PSS primary synchronization signal
  • SSS secondary synchronization signal
  • BCH Broadcast Channel
  • MIB Master Information Block
  • the user obtains downlink channel synchronization and decodes the BCH to obtain primary system information such as frame timing, cell ID, system frame number (SFN), physical hybrid automatic retransmission (HARQ) indication channel (PHICH) configuration of the cell And the downlink bandwidth of the cell, and the like.
  • primary system information such as frame timing, cell ID, system frame number (SFN), physical hybrid automatic retransmission (HARQ) indication channel (PHICH) configuration of the cell And the downlink bandwidth of the cell, and the like.
  • the UE can transmit a random access (RACH) preamble on the physical random access channel (PRACH) on the uplink.
  • RACH random access
  • the base station determines a time advance (TA) value for the uplink transmission of the UE based on the random access preamble received from the UE, and transmits the TA value and information about the allocated system resources for the UE The UE is used for the next uplink transmission.
  • TA time advance
  • fast transmit and receive beam alignment can be achieved for data transmission, improving system performance.
  • the transmit and receive beam alignments can be implemented with a predetermined antenna port during a random access period of the terminal device.
  • the obtained beam vector may be further modified in the data transmission phase with measurements of the downlink channel and the uplink channel to support multi-user transmission.
  • Fig. 2 shows a flowchart of a method 200 at an access node (e.g., access node 101 in FIG. 1) in a wireless communication network (e.g., network 100 in FIG. 1) in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • the access node can be, for example, an eNB.
  • the wireless communication network may be a 5G millimeter wave communication network, but as in the art The skilled person will understand that embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited to such an application environment.
  • the method 200 includes, at block S201, transmitting a downlink broadcast signal from a predetermined antenna port to a device (eg, UE 102) with a power boosted first transmit power in a first time period, with Having the device obtain downlink synchronization and obtain system information for random access, wherein the downlink broadcast signal occupies a portion of a system bandwidth of the wireless communication system; and at block S202, receive from the device Uplink random access preamble, and determining a downlink transmit beamforming vector for the device based on the random access preamble; and transmitting, at block S203, control information to the device as received at block S202 The response to the uplink random access preamble.
  • a device eg, UE 102
  • the quality of the downlink can be improved by performing transmission at a predetermined antenna port with increased power. This enables the user to quickly synchronize to the downlink channel, obtain primary system information, and derive beam vectors for reception on the UE side. At the same time, the base station side can determine the beam vector for transmission based on the random access preamble of the device. Thereby the alignment of the transmit and receive beams is achieved.
  • the scheme is fair to all terminal devices within the coverage of the base station because it improves the quality of the downlink of all terminal devices and obtains a fair random access opportunity.
  • the method 200 is capable of avoiding excessively long latency in the time division multiplexed beam scanning method.
  • the predetermined antenna port may be a newly defined antenna port.
  • the predetermined antenna port may be an existing antenna port, but a new definition is introduced in accordance with method 200.
  • the predetermined antenna port can be flexibly configured to any one or more physical antennas. For example, multiple physical antennas may be virtualized into one antenna and mapped to the predetermined antenna port.
  • the downlink broadcast signal transmitted in block S201 may occupy only a portion of the system bandwidth of the wireless communication system, for example, occupying only a few intermediate resource blocks (RBs).
  • the downlink broadcast signal may also occupy only one narrowband portion of the unsystematic bandwidth that is not in the middle of the band.
  • the downlink broadcast signal may include, but is not limited to, at least one of: a primary synchronization signal (PSS), a secondary synchronization signal (SSS), configuration information about a cell-specific reference signal (CRS), And information about the bandwidth of the system.
  • PSS primary synchronization signal
  • SSS secondary synchronization signal
  • CRS cell-specific reference signal
  • the access node transmits, for example, PSS/SSS and BCH in a narrowband portion of the system bandwidth for random access (RA) with increased transmit power.
  • RA random access
  • the transmit power allocated to the RBs for random access is approximately:
  • a new antenna port can be designed such that the antenna port is only used for random access bands during a given period of time (ie Within RB) transmit to support random access and decode BCH.
  • the new antenna port (or predetermined antenna port) can be flexibly configured to any antenna.
  • the power allocated for random access on the antenna port is approximately:
  • the power on the UE side is defined according to the definition in 3GPP TS 36213, v12.5.0, "Evolved universal terrestrial radio access (E-UTRA); physical layer procedures” issued in 2015.
  • E-UTRA evolved universal terrestrial radio access
  • the spectral density (PSD) gain can be calculated as:
  • the bandwidth available for data communication can be larger, ie If it can be larger, the power boost gain may be larger.
  • the power boost may also allow the transmit power of the remainder of the system bandwidth (except for the portion of the narrowband bandwidth used to enable random access) to be non-zero, Instead use a lower power.
  • the power boost may also allow the antenna port to transmit at only a portion of the rest of the system bandwidth with non-zero power, ensuring that the power boost can compensate for propagation losses.
  • the power boost on the RB for enabling random access means that the power allocated to the PSS/SSS and the MIB is all boosted.
  • the UE can perform measurement of the downlink channel of the entire frequency band, and can design a beam vector for downlink reception using the channel state information (CSI) obtained by the measurement.
  • CSI channel state information
  • the power boost taken by the transmission at block S201 can also enable all candidate users to have a fair chance to perform the random access procedure at the same time. This overcomes the challenges posed by beam scanning based solutions.
  • the receiving antenna gain may be utilized on the UE side to further improve channel quality.
  • the millimeter wave communication system due to the short wavelength, it is possible to construct a large antenna array on the UE side and the base station side with an appropriate form factor. For example, at a carrier frequency of 30 GHz, a 16-element planar antenna array is only about (2 cm x 2 cm) in size.
  • This compact antenna array on the UE side is capable of providing 12 dB of receive array gain and can be used to compensate for severe propagation losses.
  • combined with transmit power boost and receive antenna array increase Both can provide 24dB of gain to compensate for propagation losses in the high frequency band and can significantly improve downlink channel quality.
  • the receive antenna array gain can be obtained by designing a suitable beam vector for downlink reception using CSI obtained by measurement at the UE side.
  • the uplink random access preamble from the device received by the access node in block S202 may be unbeamformed.
  • the random access preamble may be performed by the device based on the received system information.
  • the eNB side can achieve an improvement in uplink channel quality by a large antenna array gain. As described above, due to the short wavelength, a large antenna array can be constructed on the eNB side with an appropriate form factor. This enables a huge array gain to compensate for propagation losses. For example, at a carrier of 30 GHz, a planar array of 256 cells is only (8 cm x 8 cm) in size.
  • an access node e.g., an eNB
  • an eNB can estimate the transmission time of the UE. Furthermore, the eNB calculates the beam vector and, using the channel reciprocity of a Time Division Duplex (TDD) system, the beam vector can be determined to be used as a downlink transmit beam vector in block S202.
  • TDD Time Division Duplex
  • an access node e.g., an eNB
  • DL-SCH downlink shared channel
  • the control information may include time advance (TA) information for the uplink and/or resource allocation information for the uplink.
  • TA time advance
  • the eNB may transmit a timing advance command to adjust the transmission time of the UE based on the timing advance estimated in the previous step, thereby establishing uplink synchronization.
  • the eNB may also assign to the UE resources for the uplink in block S203 for use in subsequent operations.
  • the downlink transmit beamforming vector determined by the location transmits control information to the device as a response to the uplink random access preamble received at block S202.
  • the transmit beamforming gain can be used to compensate for severe propagation losses and improve reception quality.
  • the transmission of control information i.e., transmission with beamforming, can be used by the UE to measure CSI and further modify its receive beamforming vector to improve its performance.
  • the UE can be quickly and successfully accessed into the network, and the transmit and receive beams are aligned with a lower delay. This provides a high quality link between the transmitter and the receiver.
  • the calibration operation is completed before the actual data transmission begins, so the scheme can well support high data rate, low latency transmission in 5G millimeter wave systems.
  • method 200 may also include a second stage of beam vector optimization.
  • the optimizing includes, at block S204, reducing the downlink transmit beamforming vector to at least another device in the wireless communication system by, for example, in multi-user MIMO transmission. Interference to optimize the downlink transmit beamforming vector. Reducing interference to other devices can help improve overall system performance.
  • the eNB by transmitting the beamforming vector and matrix to the downlink The principal feature vector is proportional to optimize the downlink transmit beamforming vector, ie,
  • F eNB represents an interference covariance matrix
  • H i and H j represent a downlink channel matrix of the device with index i and another device with index j , respectively
  • K represents multi-user multiple input multiple output MIMO transmission.
  • the total number of users, (.) H indicates channel conjugate.
  • the correction of the beam alignment can be further performed for the point-to-multipoint communication in the course of data transmission, so that the system performance can be further improved.
  • embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited to implementing the optimization in any particular algorithm, but may encompass optimizing the downlink transmission vector with any suitable algorithm to reduce interference with other devices.
  • FIG. 3 shows a flowchart of a method 300 in a device of a wireless communication network, such as network 100 in FIG. 1, in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • the method 300 corresponds to the method 200 and can be performed by any of the UEs 102-103, such as shown in FIG. 1, in communication with the access node 101.
  • the method 300 includes, at block S301, in a first time period, a device receives a first power boosted power from an access node in a wireless communication system from a predetermined antenna port. Transmitting a downlink broadcast signal to obtain downlink synchronization and obtaining system information for random access, wherein the downlink broadcast signal occupies a portion of a system bandwidth of the wireless communication system; at block S302, Based on the downlink synchronization obtained at block S301 and the system information for random access, the device performs downlink channel measurement and thereby determines a downlink receive beamforming vector; at block S303, the device is spliced The ingress node sends a random access preamble to perform random access; and, in block S304, the device receives control information from the access node, the control information being a response to the random access preamble of the access node to the device.
  • the device is capable of achieving fast synchronization and acquisition of necessary system information based on a broadcast signal with power boost, thereby enabling measurement of the channel to be determined, determining beam vectors for reception; and the necessary system information enables the device to perform random access
  • the random access further enables the access node to determine the beam vector for transmission.
  • the broadcast signal received by the device at block S301 is the broadcast signal transmitted by the access node in accordance with method 200 at block 201, and thus the description of the broadcast signal with reference to method 200 and FIG. 2 applies equally herein.
  • the downlink broadcast signal may include at least one of: a PSS, an SSS, configuration information about a cell-specific reference signal, and configuration information about a cell-specific reference signal; information about the system bandwidth W.
  • the downlink broadcast signal received in block S301 is passed The first power transmission with power boosting, and the power boosting is achieved by the access node concentrating all of the transmit power of the predetermined antenna port in a portion of the system bandwidth during the first time period, the antenna port being at system bandwidth The remaining portion of the second transmit power is zero.
  • the description of power boosting with reference to FIG. 2 and method 200 is equally applicable here and will not be repeated.
  • the device may perform CRS-based channel measurements to obtain CSI over the entire bandwidth.
  • the device may also acquire CSI estimates over part or all of the bandwidth based on other reference signals.
  • the device can calculate a beamforming vector for downlink reception; with the beamforming vector, the user can obtain considerable diversity gain at the receiving end to compensate for, for example, propagation loss.
  • the beamformed control information received by the device from the access node at block S304 may include time advance information for the uplink, and/or resource allocation information for the uplink.
  • the control information may be received in a downlink shared channel, but embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited to receiving the control information in any particular channel.
  • the control information received by the device from the access node is beamformed control information.
  • the transmit beamforming vector used to transmit the control information may be derived by the access node based on the detection of the random access preamble of the device. Control information with beamforming can improve the reception quality of the control information.
  • the device can modify the downlink receive beamforming vector determined in block S302 to be combined with transmit beamforming. The vectors are better aligned to get the maximum gain.
  • the method 300 can also include block S306 in which the device performs a second stage of receive beamforming vector optimization.
  • the device performs a second stage of receive beamforming vector optimization.
  • the beam of the transceiver can be further optimized.
  • the device can optimize the downlink receive beamforming vector by maximizing the received SINR.
  • the present disclosure is not limited to implementing this optimization based on SINR maximization with any particular algorithm.
  • the device can perform this optimization by employing the beamforming vectors represented below:
  • L represents the total number of interferences considered by the device
  • H i represents the downlink channel matrix of the device with index i
  • ⁇ 0 Represents the variance of the interference
  • (.) H represents the channel conjugate
  • (.) -1 represents the inverse of the matrix.
  • FIG. 4 illustrates an exemplary structural diagram of an apparatus 400 in an access node in a wireless communication system, in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • apparatus 400 may be implemented, for example, as access node 101 or a portion thereof as shown in FIG.
  • Apparatus 400 is operable to perform method 200 as described with reference to FIG. 2, as well as any other processes and methods. It should be understood that method 200 is not limited to being performed by apparatus 400, and that at least some of the blocks of method 200 may also be performed by other apparatus or entities.
  • the apparatus 400 includes a first transmitting unit 401 configured to transmit a downlink broadcast signal from a predetermined antenna port to a device with a power boosted first transmit power for a first time period, for enabling The device obtains downlink synchronization and obtains system information for random access, wherein the downlink broadcast signal occupies a portion of a system bandwidth of the wireless communication system; a beamforming unit 402 configured to receive from Determining an uplink random access preamble of the device, and determining a downlink transmit beamforming vector for the device based on the random access preamble; and a second sending unit 403 configured to send control to the device Information as a response to the uplink random access preamble.
  • a first transmitting unit 401 configured to transmit a downlink broadcast signal from a predetermined antenna port to a device with a power boosted first transmit power for a first time period, for enabling The device obtains downlink synchronization and obtains system information for random access, wherein the downlink broadcast signal occupies a portion of a
  • the apparatus 400 is operable to perform the method 200 described with respect to FIG. 2, a description of the predetermined antenna port, power boost, downlink broadcast signal, and control information, etc., made with respect to FIG. 2 and method 200 is herein The same applies, so the relevant details are not repeated.
  • the first sending unit 401 is configured to pass the first time
  • the power boost is achieved by concentrating all of the transmit power of the predetermined antenna port in a portion of the system bandwidth with a second transmit power of the predetermined antenna port at the remainder of the system bandwidth.
  • the downlink broadcast signal may include at least one of: a PSS, an SSS, configuration information about a cell-specific reference signal; and information about the system bandwidth. Since the downlink broadcast signal is transmitted with power boosted, the receiving SINR of the device side can be increased, thereby quickly achieving synchronization and obtaining system information necessary for random access. Based on the necessary system information obtained, the device can perform channel measurement based on, for example, the CRS and determine a beamforming vector applied to the downlink reception.
  • the downlink broadcast signal enables the device to perform random access, ie, to transmit a random access preamble.
  • the random access preamble in turn enables the access node to utilize beamforming unit 402 to determine beamforming vectors for downlink transmissions, thereby enabling alignment of the transmit and receive beams.
  • the beamforming vector determined by the beamforming unit 402 for downlink transmission may be used by the second transmitting unit 403 to transmit control information as a response to the random access preamble. Since the transmission is performed by beamforming, the reception quality of the control information can be improved. Additionally or alternatively, in one embodiment, the control information can also be used on the device side for correction of the received beamforming vector.
  • control information includes at least one of: time advance information for the uplink; and resource allocation information for the uplink.
  • the apparatus 400 can include an additional beamforming vector optimization unit 404 configured to reduce the downlink transmit beamforming vector to at least another device in the wireless communication system Interference to optimize the downlink transmit beamforming vector.
  • the beamforming vector optimization unit 404 is configured to perform the optimization during a data transmission period of the device. This optimization can, for example, improve the performance of multi-user MIMO communication.
  • beamforming vector optimization unit 404 can perform this optimization by having the downlink transmit beam have the form of equation (5). But the disclosure of the present disclosure Embodiments are not limited thereto, and the beamforming vector optimization unit may employ any suitable algorithm and formula to optimize the downlink transmit beamforming vector to reduce interference with other devices.
  • the first transmitting unit 401, the beamforming unit 402, the second transmitting unit 403, and the beamforming vector optimization unit 404 can be configured to perform the operations of the blocks 201-204 of the method 200, respectively.
  • the description of blocks 201-204 of 200 applies here as well, and therefore will not be repeated one by one.
  • FIG. 5 illustrates an apparatus 500 in a device in a wireless communication network, in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • device 500 can be implemented, for example, as UE 102 or a portion thereof as shown in FIG. 1, and can be in communication with device 400.
  • Apparatus 500 is operative to perform method 300 described with reference to FIG. 3, as well as any other processes and methods. It should be understood that method 300 is not limited to being performed by apparatus 500, and that at least some of the blocks of method 300 may also be performed by other apparatus or entities.
  • apparatus 500 includes a first receiving unit 501 configured to receive, from a predetermined antenna port, a first boosted power boost from an access node in the wireless communication system during a first time period Power transmitting a downlink broadcast signal to obtain downlink synchronization and obtaining system information for random access, wherein the downlink broadcast signal occupies a portion of a system bandwidth of the wireless communication system; a receive beamforming unit 502, configured to perform downlink channel measurement according to the obtained downlink synchronization and the system information for random access, and thereby determine a downlink receive beamforming vector; the random access unit 503, And configured to send a random access preamble to the access node; and the second receiving unit 504 is configured to receive control information from the access node, where the control information is a response to the random access preamble.
  • device 500 is operable to perform method 300 described with respect to FIG. 3 and in communication with device 400.
  • the first receiving unit 501, the receive beamforming unit 502, the random access unit 503, and the second receiving unit 504 of the apparatus 500 can perform the operations of blocks 301-304 of method 300, respectively.
  • the description of method 300 including descriptions of downlink broadcast signals, power boosts, predetermined antenna ports, downlink receive beamforming vectors, control information, is equally applicable herein. So the details will No longer repeat.
  • the second receiving unit 504 is configured to receive beamformed control information from the access node.
  • the apparatus further includes a receive beamforming modification unit 505 configured to modify the downlink receive beamforming vector based on the received beamformed control information.
  • apparatus 500 further includes a receive beamforming optimization unit 506 that can be configured to optimize the downlink receive beamforming vector by maximizing a received signal and a noise and interference ratio SINR of the device .
  • the optimization can be achieved by setting the downlink receive beamforming vector to the form of equation (6).
  • the quality of the downlink can be improved. This enables the user to quickly synchronize to the downlink channel, obtain primary system information, and derive beam vectors for reception on the UE side. And the scheme is fair to all terminal devices within the coverage of the base station. Because it improves the quality of the downlink of all terminal devices. In addition, this scheme avoids excessively long latency in time division multiplexed beam scanning methods.
  • fast beam alignment between the transmitting end and the receiving end can be achieved.
  • Beam-to-point beam alignment can be established prior to data transmission, while beam alignment correction is further performed for point-to-multipoint during data transmission.
  • embodiments of the present disclosure are described in the context of 5G millimeter waves, embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited to this application environment, but can be applied to any communication system compatible with the features of the embodiments, such as for accelerated connection. Into the process, and improve system performance.
  • a device in a wireless communication system comprising a processor and a memory, the memory comprising instructions executed by the processor, whereby the device is operative to perform with reference to FIG. Or any of the methods described in 3.
  • a device in a wireless communication system comprises a processing device adapted to perform any of the methods described with reference to Figures 2 or 3.
  • some embodiments are also intended to cover a program storage device, such as a digital data storage medium, wherein the storage machine or computer readable and encoded machine executable or computer executable instruction program, wherein The instructions perform some or all of the steps of the above methods.
  • the program storage device may be, for example, a digital memory, a magnetic storage medium such as a magnetic disk and magnetic tape, a hard disk drive, or an optically readable digital data storage medium.
  • This embodiment is also intended to encompass a computer programmed to perform the steps of the above described method.
  • processor may include, but is not limited to, digital signal processor (DSP) hardware, network processors, application specific integrated circuits (ASICs), field programmable gate arrays (FPGAs), read only memory for storing software. (ROM), random access memory (RAM), and non-volatile storage. Other conventional and/or custom hardware may also be included.
  • DSP digital signal processor
  • ASIC application specific integrated circuits
  • FPGA field programmable gate arrays
  • ROM read only memory
  • RAM random access memory
  • non-volatile storage Other conventional and/or custom hardware may also be included.

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Abstract

本公开的实施例提供在无线通信系统的接入节点中的方法，包括：在第一时间段中以经功率提升的第一发射功率从预定的天线端口向设备发送下行链路广播信号，用于使所述设备获得下行链路同步以及获得用于随机接入的系统信息，其中所述下行链路广播信号占用所述无线通信系统的系统带宽的一部分；接收来自所述设备的上行链路随机接入前导，并基于所述随机接入前导确定用于所述设备的下行链路发送波束成形向量；以及向所述设备发送控制信息，作为对所述上行链路随机接入前导的响应。

Description

用于发送和接收波束对准的方法和装置 技术领域
本公开涉及无线通信，并且更具体地涉及采用波束成形的无线通信。
背景技术
由于毫米波(mmWave)波段充足的可用频率资源，其被考虑用于未来的接入网，从而在第五代(5G)无线网络中支持超过吉比特(Gbits)的数据速率。在毫米波波段，一个主要的挑战是传播损耗大。与运行于2.6GHz或3.5GHz的传统第四代(4G)无线网络相比，毫米波波段通信可能引入几十dB的传播损耗，关于毫米波通信以及其传播损耗的更多细节可参见M.R.Akdeniz和Y.Liu等著的、于2014年6月在IEEE Journal on Selected Areas in Communications第32卷第1164-1179页上发表的、题目为“Millimeter wave channel modeling and cellular capacity evaluation”的学术论文。
对于工作在毫米波段的无线通信系统，由于波长短，天线单元之间的间隔可以很小，因此可以利用适当的形状因子创建很大的天线阵列。利用大规模多输入多输出(MIMO)技术，可以设计发送波束和接收波束以补偿严重的传播损耗。尽管通过在发送侧和接收侧应用适当的波束向量能够改善信道质量并支持高数据速率传输，但是如何以短的延时来实现发送和接收波束对准，是5G毫米波网络的主要挑战之一。
目前，发送和接收波束对准的一种解决方案是利用时分复用的波束扫描。例如，在不同时隙，由基站选择不同的波束向量用于下行链路传输，而终端设备监测所有的波束扫描时段，以选择/确定其优选的传输波束，并相应地调整其接收波束与其对准，从而获得提高的信号与噪声与干扰比(SINR)。
然而上述解决方案的缺陷至少在于以下方面：
首先，在随机接入方面。由于各个波束以时分的方式发送，因此，仅有处于一个波束覆盖范围内的少数UE能够在给定时隙内实现随机接入。处于该波束覆盖范围外的UE，只能继续扫描后续波束。这明显地拖长了终端设备随机接入的等待时间。从而为5G毫米波系统中的随机接入带来一大挑战。
其次，在数据传输方面。时分复用的波束扫描也拖长了用于数据传输的等待时间。对于移动中的终端设备，移动性可能导致其传输链路的断裂，而由于要进行时分复用的波束扫描，该终端用户搜索到新的接入点和合适的波束以建立新的链路所需要的等待时间变得更长。因此，这对于5G系统中低延时和高数据速率的传输也带来一大挑战。
发明内容
下面给出了对各实施例的简要概述，以提供对各种实施例的一些方面的基本理解。该概述不旨在标识关键元素的要点或描述各种实施例的范围。其唯一目的在于以简化形式呈现一些概念，作为对后述更具体描述的前序。
本公开的第一方面提供一种在无线通信系统的接入节点中的方法。该方法包括：在第一时间段中以经功率提升的第一发射功率从预定的天线端口向设备发送下行链路广播信号，用于使所述设备获得下行链路同步以及获得用于随机接入的系统信息，其中所述下行链路广播信号占用所述无线通信系统的系统带宽的一部分；接收来自所述设备的上行链路随机接入前导，并基于所述随机接入前导确定用于所述设备的下行链路发送波束成形向量；以及向所述设备发送控制信息，作为对所述上行链路随机接入前导的响应。
在一个实施例中，向所述设备发送控制信息可以包括：基于所确定的所述下行链路发送波束成形向量向所述设备发送所述控制信息。
在另一实施例中，功率提升可以通过在所述第一时间段中将所 述预定的天线端口的所有发射功率集中于所述系统带宽的所述一部分、而使所述预定的天线端口在所述系统带宽的其余部分的第二发射功率为零而实现。
在又一实施例中，下行链路广播信号可以包括以下中的至少一项：主同步信号、辅同步信号、关于小区特定参考信号的配置信息以及关于所述系统带宽的信息。
在本公开的一个实施例中，控制信息可以包括以下中的至少一项：用于上行链路的时间提前信息、以及用于上行链路的资源分配信息。
在进一步的实施例中，该方法还可以包括：通过减少所述下行链路发送波束成形向量对所述无线通信系统中至少另一设备的干扰来优化所述下行链路发送波束成形向量。在一个实施例中，可以包括通过使所述下行链路发送波束成形向量与矩阵
Figure PCTCN2015086783-appb-000001
的主特征向量成正比，来优化所述下行链路发送波束成形向量；其中FeNB表示干扰协方差矩阵，Hi和Hj分别表示索引为i的所述设备和索引为j的另一设备的下行链路信道矩阵，K表示用于多用户多输入多输出MIMO传输的用户总数，(.)H表示矩阵共轭。
本公开的第二方面提供一种在无线通信系统的设备中的方法。该方法包括：在第一时间段中从预定的天线端口接收来自接入节点的、以经功率提升的第一发射功率发送的下行链路广播信号，以获得下行链路同步以及获得用于随机接入的系统信息，其中所述下行链路广播信号占用所述无线通信系统的系统带宽的一部分；根据获得的下行链路同步以及所述用于随机接入的系统信息，执行下行链路信道测量，并由此确定下行链路接收波束成形向量；向所述接入节点发送随机接入前导；以及从所述接入节点接收控制信息，所述控制信息是对所述随机接入前导的响应。
在本公开的一个实施例中，从所述接入节点接收控制信息可以包括从所述接入节点接收经波束成形的所述控制信息。在另一实施 例中，该方法可以进一步包括：基于所述控制信息的接收来修正所述下行链路接收波束成形向量。
在另一实施例中，功率提升可以是通过由所述接入节点在所述第一时间段中将所述预定的天线端口的所有发射功率集中于所述系统带宽的所述一部分，而使所述预定的天线端口在所述系统带宽的其余部分的第二发射功率为零而实现的。
在一个实施例中，接收的下行链路广播信号可以包括以下中的至少一项：主同步信号、辅同步信号、关于小区特定参考信号的配置信息、以及关于所述系统带宽的信息。
在另一实施例中，控制信息可以包括以下中的至少一项：用于上行链路的时间提前信息、以及用于上行链路的资源分配信息。
在进一步的实施例中，该方法还可以包括通过使所述设备的接收信号与噪声和干扰比SINR最大化来优化所述下行链路接收波束成形向量。在一个示例实施例中，可以包括通过采用以下表示的波束成形向量来优化所述下行链路接收波束成形向量：
Figure PCTCN2015086783-appb-000002
其中zl，l＝1，…，L表示第l个干扰信道矩阵，L表示被所述设备纳入考虑的干扰总数，Hi表示所述设备的下行链路信道矩阵，σ0表示干扰的方差，(.)H表示矩阵共轭，(.)-1表示矩阵的逆。
本公开的第三方面提供一种无线通信系统的接入节点中的装置。该装置包括：第一发送单元，被配置为在第一时间段中以经功率提升的第一发射功率从预定的天线端口向设备发送下行链路广播信号，用于使所述设备获得下行链路同步以及获得用于随机接入的系统信息，其中所述下行链路广播信号占用所述无线通信系统的系统带宽的一部分；波束成形单元，被配置为接收来自所述设备的上行链路随机接入前导，并基于所述随机接入前导确定用于所述设备的下行链路发送波束成形向量；以及第二发送单元，被配置为向所述设备发送控制信息，作为对所述上行链路随机接入前导的响应。在一个实施例中，第二发送单元被配置为采用下行链路发送波束成 形向量向所述设备发送控制信息。
在一个实施例中，该装置可以进一步包括：波束成形向量优化单元，被配置为通过减少所述下行链路发送波束成形向量对所述无线通信系统中至少另一设备的干扰来优化所述下行链路发送波束成形向量。
本公开的第四方面提供一种在无线通信系统的设备中的装置。该装置包括：第一接收单元，被配置为在第一时间段中从预定的天线端口接收来自所述无线通信系统中的接入节点的以经功率提升的第一发射功率发送的下行链路广播信号，以获得下行链路同步以及获得用于随机接入的系统信息，其中所述下行链路广播信号占用所述无线通信系统的系统带宽的一部分；接收波束成形单元，被配置为根据获得的下行链路同步以及所述用于随机接入的系统信息，执行下行链路信道测量，并由此确定下行链路接收波束成形向量；以及随机接入单元，被配置为向所述接入节点发送随机接入前导；第二接收单元，被配置为从所述接入节点接收控制信息，所述控制信息是对所述随机接入前导的响应。
在一个实施例中，该装置可以进一步包括接收波束成形优化单元，被配置为通过使所述设备的接收信号与噪声和干扰比SINR最大化来优化所述下行链路接收波束成形向量。
根据本公开的实施例的方法或装置，能够快速实现发送和接收波束向量对准，改善无线通信系统的性能。
尽管在附图中通过示例的方式示出了特定的实施例，然而，应当理解，本文的具体实施例的描述不意在将实施例限制为所公开的具体形式。
附图说明
从下文的公开内容和权利要求中，本公开的目的、优点和其他特征将变得更加明显。这里仅出于示例的目的，参考附图来给出优选实施例的非限制性描述，在附图中：
图1示出了示例性的、能够在其中实施本公开的实施例的方法的无线通信系统的示意图；
图2示出根据本公开的实施例的、在无线通信网络的接入节点处实施的方法的流程图；
图3示出了根据本公开的实施例的、在无线通信网络的设备处实施的方法的流程图；
图4示出了根据本公开的实施例的、在无线通信网络的接入节点处实施的装置的结构图；以及
图5示出了根据本公开的实施例的、在无线通信网络的设备处实施的装置的结构图。
具体实施方式
在以下描述中，出于说明的目的而阐述许多细节。然而，本领域普通技术人员将认识到可以在不使用这些具体细节的情况下实现本公开的实施例。因此，本公开不旨在于受限于所示实施例、而是将被赋予与本文描述的原理和特征一致的最宽的范围。
应当理解，术语“第一”、“第二”等仅被用来将一个元素与另一个元素区分开来。而实际上第一元素也能够被称为第二元素，反之亦然。另外还应当理解“包括”，“包含”仅被用来说明所陈述的特征、元素、功能或者部件的存在，然而并不排除存在一个或者多个其他的特征、元素、功能或者部件。
为了便于解释，本文中将以5G毫米波通信为背景介绍本公开的实施例，然而，如本领域技术人员可以理解的，本公开的实施例绝不限于5G毫米波通信的应用环境，相反，而是可以被应用于任何存在类似问题的无线通信系统中，例如WLAN或者WPAN，或者未来研制的其他通信系统等。同样，本公开的实施例中的设备可以是用户设备(UE)，也可以是具有无线通信功能任何终端，包括但不限于，手机、计算机、个人数字助理、游戏机、可穿戴设备、以及传感器等。该术语UE能够和移动站、订户站、移动终端、用户终端、终端 设备或无线设备互换使用。另外，设备也可以是接入节点，例如节点B(Node B，或者NB)、基本收发器站(BTS)、基站(BS)、或者基站子系统(BSS)、中继、远程无线电头端(RRF)等。
在图1中给出了示例性的、能够在其中实施本公开的实施例的方法的无线通信系统100的示意图。无线通信系统100可以包括一个或者多个接入节点101，例如，在该示例中，接入节点101可以体现为基站，例如演进的节点B(eNodeB，或eNB)。应当理解的是，该接入节点101也可以体现为其它形式，例如节点B(Node B，或者NB)、基本收发器站(BTS)、基站(BS)、或者基站子系统(BSS)，中继器等。接入节点101可以为处于其覆盖范围之内的多个无线设备(例如，UE 102-103)提供无线电连接。
接入节点101可以配备有天线阵列，以提供与设备的MIMO通信。由于设备所处的位置不同，接入节点可以使用不同的发送波束用于对不同设备的下行链路传输。
在设备处(例如UE 102-103中的任一个UE处)，也可以配备有多个天线，以生成用于下行链路接收的波束以及用于上行链路发送的波束，用于补偿传播损耗，提高接收性能。每个波束由相应的波束成形向量确定，该波束成形向量限定应用于各天线单元的权重因子。波束成形向量在下文有时也被简称为波束向量。为了获得最大的波束成形增益，UE处使用的接收波束成形向量和接入节点101处使用的发送波束成形向量应当被调整，以使得UE处的接收波束与接入节点101处的发送波束对准。
如前所述，基于时分复用的波束扫描能够实现波束对准，但是其缺陷是延时很大，对于随机接入和数据传输均有不利影响。
成功执行随机接入是设备能够和基站进行通信的前提条件。在4G系统中，例如第三代合作伙伴项目(3GPP)开发的长期演进(LTE)系统中，UE通过以下步骤执行随机接入：
-首先，为支持用户对网络的接入，eNB传输主同步信号(PSS)和辅同步信号(SSS)以帮助用户实现小区搜索和下行链路信道同步。 并且eNB利用广播信道(BCH)来发送主信息块(MIB)，其中携带对于小区覆盖范围内的候选用户的主要系统信息。
-用户获得下行链路信道同步，并解码BCH，以获得主要系统信息，诸如帧定时，小区ID、系统帧号(SFN)、小区的物理混合自动重传(HARQ)指示信道(PHICH)的配置、以及小区的下行链路带宽等。获得这些信息后，UE能够在上行链路上在物理随机接入信道(PRACH)上发送随机接入(RACH)前导。
-基站根据从UE接收的随机接入前导而确定用于该UE的上行链路传输的时间提前(TA)值，并且将该TA值以及关于所分配的用于该UE的系统资源的信息发送给该UE，用于接下来的上行链路传输。
上述随机接入过程的更详细的描述可以参见Erik Dahlman和Stefan Parkvall等所著的“4G：LTE/LTEAdvanced for Mobile Broadband”，第2版，由Waltham，MA，USA：Elsevier于2014年出版。对于5G毫米波系统，该随机接入过程也可以有效。但是，由于毫米波系统所处的高频段导致的严重的传播损耗，对于在户外场景中的5G用户来说，实现上述随机接入过程颇具挑战。
在本公开中，为了解决以上所述问题的至少一部分，提出了新的方法和装置。根据本公开的实施例，能够对于数据传输实现快速的发送和接收波束对准，改善系统性能。
根据本公开的一个实施例，发送和接收波束对准能够在终端设备的随机接入时段期间利用预定的天线端口实现。根据本公开的另一实施例，所获得的波束向量可以在数据传输阶段、利用对下行链路信道和上行链路信道的测量进一步修正，以支持多用户传输。以下将参照附图2-5来描述本公开的一些优选实施例。
现在参考图2，其示出根据本公开的实施例在无线通信网络(例如图1中的网络100)中的接入节点(例如图1中的接入节点101)处的方法200的流程图。该接入节点可以是，例如eNB。在一个实施例中，该无线通信网络可以是5G毫米波通信网络，但是如本领域 技术人员能够理解的，本公开的实施例不限于这种应用环境。
如图2所示，该方法200包括：在块S201处，在第一时间段中以经功率提升的第一发射功率从预定的天线端口向设备(例如UE102)发送下行链路广播信号，用于使所述设备获得下行链路同步以及获得用于随机接入的系统信息，其中所述下行链路广播信号占用所述无线通信系统的系统带宽的一部分；在块S202，接收来自该设备的上行链路随机接入前导，并基于所述随机接入前导确定用于该设备的下行链路发送波束成形向量；以及在块S203处，向该设备发送控制信息，作为对在块S202处接收到的上行链路随机接入前导的响应。
根据方法200，能够通过在预定的天线端口以提升的功率执行发送来改善下行链路的质量。这使得用户能够快速同步到下行链路信道、获得主要的系统信息，并在UE侧得出用于接收的波束向量。同时在基站侧能够基于设备的随机接入前导而确定用于发送的波束向量。从而实现发送和接收波束的对准。
另外，该方案对于基站覆盖范围内的所有终端设备是公平的，因为它使得所有终端设备的下行链路的质量得以改善，得到公平的随机接入机会。此外，该方法200能够避免在时分复用波束扫描方法中存在的过长的等待时间。
在一个实施例中，预定的天线端口可以是新定义的天线端口。在另一个实施例中，该预定的天线端口可以是现有的天线端口，但是根据方法200对其引入了新的限定。如本领域技术人员能够理解的，该预定的天线端口可以被灵活地配置到任意的一个或者多个物理天线。例如多个物理天线可以被虚拟成一个天线并映射到该预定的天线端口。
在一个实施例中，在块S201中发送的下行链路广播信号可以仅占用无线通信系统的系统带宽的一部分，例如，仅占用中间的几个资源块(RB)。在其他实施例中，该下行链路广播信号也可以仅占用无系统带宽中的、并非处于频带中间的一个窄带部分。
仅作为示例，该下行链路广播信号可以包括，但不限于，以下中的至少一项：主同步信号(PSS)、辅同步信号(SSS)、关于小区特定参考信号(CRS)的配置信息、以及关于所述系统带宽的信息。在一个实施例中，在块S201，接入节点以提升的发射功率在系统带宽中用于随机接入(RA)的窄带部分中传输比如PSS/SSS和BCH。
在接入节点的每个天线的总发射功率在整个系统带宽(即所有RB)上均匀分布的情况下，分配到用于随机接入的RB上的发射功率约为：
Figure PCTCN2015086783-appb-000003
其中，P为每个天线的总发射功率，
Figure PCTCN2015086783-appb-000004
为整个系统带宽上的总RB数，
Figure PCTCN2015086783-appb-000005
为用于随机接入的RB数。在这种情况下，分配到其他RB上的用于支持数据传输的功率约为：
Figure PCTCN2015086783-appb-000006
根据本公开的一个实施例，可以设计新的天线端口，使该天线端口，在给定的时间段期间，仅在用于随机接入频段内(即
Figure PCTCN2015086783-appb-000007
个RB内)发射，以支持随机接入和解码BCH。该新的天线端口(或者，预定的天线端口)可以被灵活配置到任意天线。根据该实施例，在该天线端口上分配的用于随机接入的功率约为：
Figure PCTCN2015086783-appb-000008
这意味着，在给定时段(第一时间段)，被该天线端口配置的一个或者多个发射天线仅工作在具有
Figure PCTCN2015086783-appb-000009
个RB的带宽的窄带中(即，使该天线端口在系统带宽的其余部分的发射功率为零)，用于使能随机接入操作。因此，相比于以上的公式(1)，根据2015年发布的3GPP TS 36213，v12.5.0，“Evolved universal terrestrial radio access(E-UTRA)；physical layer procedures”中的定义，在UE侧的功率谱密度(PSD)增益可以被计算为：
Figure PCTCN2015086783-appb-000010
对于具有20MH带宽的4G无线通信系统，用于随机接入的RB数以及全部可用传输频带分别为：
Figure PCTCN2015086783-appb-000011
和
Figure PCTCN2015086783-appb-000012
因此，功率提升增益可以被得出为约GRA＝12.2(dB)。这意味着，通过使用该新的天线端口，能够获得超过12dB的功率提升。对于毫米波通信系统而言，由于用于数据通信可用带宽可以更大，即
Figure PCTCN2015086783-appb-000013
可以更大，则功率提升增益可能会更大。如本领域技术人员能够理解的，在另一实施例中，功率提升也可以允许系统带宽的其余部分(除用于使能随机接入的窄带带宽之外的部分)的发射功率不为零，而是使用较低的功率。在又一实施例中，功率提升也可以允许该天线端口在系统带宽的其余部分之中的仅一部分以非零功率发射，提保证功率提升能够补偿传播损耗。
根据本公开的实施例，用于使能随机接入的RB上的功率提升意味着分配到PSS/SSS和MIB的功率全部被提升。这意味着下行链路信道质量能够被显著地改善，并且因此UE能够更容易地通过检测PSS/SSS和BCH而同步到系统，并获得主要系统信息，比如CRS配置和系统带宽。基于所获得CRS和系统带宽的信息，UE能够执行整个频段的下行链路信道的测量，并且能够利用测量获得的信道状态信息(CSI)而设计用于下行链路接收的波束向量。
不仅能够改善UE的下行链路信道质量，根据本公开的实施例，在块S201处的发送所采取的功率提升还能够使所有的候选用户同时具有公平的机会来执行随机接入过程。这克服了基于波束扫描的方案带来的挑战。
在本公开的一个实施例中，除了功率提升增益之外，还可以在UE侧利用接收天线增益来进一步改善信道质量。在毫米波通信系统中，由于短波长，因此能够利用合适的形状因子在UE侧和基站侧构建大的天线阵列。例如，在载波频率为30GHZ处，具有16单元的平面天线阵列仅为约(2厘米x2厘米)大小。这种UE侧的紧凑的天线阵列能够提供12dB的接收阵列增益，并且能够被用于补偿严重的传播损耗。在这种情况下，结合发送功率提升和接收天线阵列增 益两者能够提供24dB的增益以补偿高频段中的传播损耗，并且能够显著地改善下行链路信道质量。该接收天线阵列增益可以通过在UE侧利用测量获得的CSI设计用于下行链路接收的合适波束向量而获得。
在本公开的另一实施例中，接入节点在块S202中接收的来自所述设备的上行链路随机接入前导可以是未经过波束成形的。该随机接入前导可以是设备基于接收的系统信息进行的。为了在传播损耗大的情况下仍然成功地检测RACH前导，在一个实施例中，eNB侧可以通过大的天线阵列增益来实现上行链路信道质量的改善。如前所述，由于短波长，能够在eNB侧利用适当的形状因子构建很大的天线阵列。这能够获得巨大的阵列增益，以补偿传播损耗。例如，在30GHZ的载波处，具有256单元的平面阵列仅为(8厘米x8厘米)大小。这意味着，当系统工作于较高频段时，在eNB处能够使用很大的天线阵列。与4G系统中的8天线相比，可能获得约15dB的额外的天线增益，以用于补偿在高频段系统中上行链路严重的传播损耗。
基于该上行链路前导的测量，接入节点(例如eNB)能够估计UE的传输时间。此外，eNB计算波束向量，并且，利用时分双工(TDD)系统的信道互易性，该波束向量能够在块S202中被确定用作下行链路发送波束向量。
在一个实施例中，在块S203，接入节点(例如eNB)能够使用下行链路共享信道(DL-SCH)来传输用于设备的下行链路控制信息。然而，本公开的实施例不限于以该信道来传输控制信息。在另一实施例中，控制信息可以包括用于上行链路的时间提前(TA)信息，以及/或者，用于上行链路的资源分配信息。例如，eNB可以发送定时提前命令以基于在之前的步骤中估计的定时提前来调整UE的发送时间，从而建立上行链路同步。在另一示例中，eNB还可以在块S203中向UE指配用于上行链路的资源，用于在后续的操作中使用。
在本公开的一个实施例中，在块S203处，可以基于在块S202 处所确定的下行链路发送波束成形向量向该设备发送控制信息，作为对在块S202处接收到的上行链路随机接入前导的响应。发送波束成形增益可以被用于补偿严重的传播损耗，改善接收质量。在一个实施例中，该控制信息的发送，即，具有波束成形的发送，能够被UE用于测量CSI并且进一步修正其接收波束成形向量，以改善其性能。
根据本公开的实施例，利用方法200，能够使UE快速地成功接入网络，并使得发送和接收波束以较低的延时对准。这提供在发射机和接收机之间的高质量链路。另外，校准操作在真正的数据传输开始之前被完成，因此，该方案能够很好地支持5G毫米波系统中的高数据速率、低延时传输。
在本公开的进一步的实施例中，方法200还可以包括第二阶段的波束向量优化。例如，对于基于大规模MIMO的毫米波系统，在同一系统资源上能够同时服务多个用户。对于多用户数据传输，可以进一步优化收发信机的波束。如图2所示，在一个示例实施例中，该优化包括：在块S204处，通过，例如在多用户MIMO发送中，减少下行链路发送波束成形向量对该无线通信系统中至少另一设备的干扰来优化该下行链路发送波束成形向量。减少对其它设备的干扰，有助于提高系统的整体性能。在一个优选实施例中，在eNB处，通过使下行链路发送波束成形向量与矩阵
Figure PCTCN2015086783-appb-000014
的主特征向量成正比来优化下行链路发送波束成形向量，即，
Figure PCTCN2015086783-appb-000015
其中FeNB表示干扰协方差矩阵，Hi和Hj分别表示索引为i的所述设备和索引为j的另一设备的下行链路信道矩阵，K表示用于多用户多输入多输出MIMO传输的用户总数，(.)H表示信道共轭。根据该实施例，能够在数据传输的过程中针对点对多点通信进一步执行波束对准的 修正，从而能够进一步改善系统性能。应当注意，本公开的实施例不限于以任何特定的算法来实现该优化，而是可以涵盖以任何合适的算法优化下行链路发送向量，以减少对其他设备的干扰。
现在参考图3，其示出根据本公开的实施例在无线通信网络(例如图1中的网络100)的设备中的方法300的流程图。该方法300与方法200对应，并且可以由例如图1中所示的与接入节点101通信的UE 102-103中的任一个来执行。
如图3所示，该方法300包括：在块S301处，在第一时间段中，设备从预定的天线端口接收来自无线通信系统中的接入节点的、以经功率提升的第一发射功率发送的下行链路广播信号，以获得下行链路同步以及获得用于随机接入的系统信息，其中所述下行链路广播信号占用所述无线通信系统的系统带宽的一部分；在块S302处，根据在块S301获得的下行链路同步以及所述用于随机接入的系统信息，该设备执行下行链路信道测量，并由此确定下行链路接收波束成形向量；在块S303，设备向接入节点发送随机接入前导，以执行随机接入；并且，在块S304，设备从接入节点接收控制信息，该控制信息是对接入节点对该设备的随机接入前导的响应。
根据方法300，设备能够基于具有功率提升的广播信号实现快速同步和必要系统信息的获取，从而能够执行信道的测量，确定用于接收的波束向量；同时该必要的系统信息使得设备能够执行随机接入，该随机接入又进一步使得接入节点能够确定用于发送的波束向量。由此，能够获得发送和接收波束的对准。
在一个实施例中，设备在块S301接收的广播信号为接入节点根据方法200在块201发送的广播信号，因此，参考方法200和图2对广播信号进行的描述在此同样适用。例如下行链路广播信号可以包括以下中的至少一项：PSS、SSS、关于小区特定参考信号的配置信息、以及关于小区特定参考信号的配置信息；关于所述系统带宽W的信息。
在一个实施例中，在块S301中接收的下行链路广播信号是通过 具有功率提升的第一功率发送的，并且功率提升通过由接入节点在该第一时间段中将该预定天线端口的所有发射功率集中于系统带宽的一部分，而使该天线端口在系统带宽的其余部分的第二发射功率为零而实现。参考图2和方法200进行的关于功率提升的描述在此同样适用，并不再重复。
在另一实施例中，在块S302处，根据例如在块S301获得的CRS配置和系统带宽的信息，设备可以执行基于CRS的信道测量，获得整个带宽上的CSI。然而本公开的实施例并不限于此，也就是说，在其他实施例中，设备也可以基于其他参考信号获取部分或者全部带宽上的CSI估计。基于获得的CSI，设备可以计算用于下行链路接收的波束成形向量；利用该波束成形向量，用户能够在接收端获得可观的分集增益，以补偿，例如传播损耗。
在又一实施例中，在块S304处设备从接入节点接收的经波束成形的控制信息可以包括用于上行链路的时间提前信息，和/或，用于上行链路的资源分配信息。在一个示例实施例中，该控制信息可以在下行链路共享信道中接收，但是本公开的实施例不限于在任何特定的信道中接收该控制信息。
在一个实施例中，在块S304中，设备从接入节点接收的控制信息是经波束成形的控制信息。用于发送该控制信息的发送波束成形向量可以是由接入节点基于该设备的随机接入前导的检测而得出的。具有波束成形的控制信息能够提高该控制信息的接收质量。并且在一个实施例中，在决S305，基于在块S304中对具有波束成形的控制信息的接收，设备能够对在块S302中确定的下行链路接收波束成形向量进行修正，从而与发送波束成形向量更好地对准，以获得最大的增益。
在进一步的实施例中，该方法300还可以包括块S306，其中设备进行第二阶段的接收波束成形向量优化。例如，对于基于大规模MIMO的毫米波系统，在同一系统资源上能够同时服务多个用户。对于多用户数据传输，可以进一步优化收发信机的波束。作为示例， 设备可以通过使接收SINR最大化来优化该下行链路接收波束成形向量。本公开不限于以任何特定的算法来实现基于SINR最大化的该优化。在一个优选的实施例中，设备可以通过采用以下表示的波束成形向量来进行该优化：
Figure PCTCN2015086783-appb-000016
其中Zl，l＝1，…，L，表示第l个干扰信道矩阵，L表示被所述设备纳入考虑的干扰总数，Hi表示索引为i的该设备的下行链路信道矩阵，σ0表示干扰的方差，(.)H表示信道共轭，(.)-1表示矩阵的逆。
图4示出根据本公开的实施例的、在无线通信系统中的接入节点中的装置400的示例性结构图。在一个实施例中，装置400可以被实施为例如，图1中所示的接入节点101或其一部分。装置400可操作用于执行参照图2所描述的方法200，以及任何其他的处理和方法。应当理解，方法200不局限于由装置400来执行，方法200的至少一些块也可以由其他的装置或者实体来执行。
如图4所示，装置400包括第一发送单元401，被配置为在第一时间段中以经功率提升的第一发射功率从预定的天线端口向设备发送下行链路广播信号，用于使所述设备获得下行链路同步以及获得用于随机接入的系统信息，其中所述下行链路广播信号占用所述无线通信系统的系统带宽的一部分；波束成形单元402，被配置为接收来自所述设备的上行链路随机接入前导，并基于所述随机接入前导确定用于所述设备的下行链路发送波束成形向量；以及第二发送单元403，被配置为向所述设备发送控制信息，作为对所述上行链路随机接入前导的响应。
由于装置400可操作用于执行参照图2所描述的方法200，因此，关于图2和方法200所进行的关于预定天线端口、功率提升、下行链路广播信号、以及控制信息等的描述在此同样适用，故相关细节不再重复。
在一个实施例中，第一发送单元401被配置为通过在该第一时 间段中将预定的天线端口的所有发射功率集中于系统带宽的一部分，而使预定的天线端口在系统带宽的其余部分的第二发射功率为零而实现该功率提升。
在本公开的一个实施例中，下行链路广播信号可以包括以下中的至少一项：PSS、SSS、关于小区特定参考信号的配置信息；以及关于所述系统带宽的信息。由于该下行链路广播信号以经过功率提升的功率发送，因此，可以使设备侧的接收SINR提高，从而快速实现同步，并获得随机接入所必要的系统信息。根据获得的必要系统信息，设备可以例如基于CRS执行信道测量，并确定应用于下行链路接收的波束成形向量。
该下行链路广播信号使得设备能够执行随机接入，即发送随机接入前导。该随机接入前导又使得接入节点能够利用波束成形单元402确定用于下行链路发送的波束成形向量，从而能够实现发送和接收波束的对准。
在本公开的一个实施例，波束成形单元402确定的用于下行链路发送的波束成形向量可以被第二发送单元403用于发送作为对随机接入前导的响应的控制信息。由于利用波束成形来发送，该控制信息的接收质量能够得以提高。另外/或者，在一个实施例中，该控制信息还可以在设备侧被用于对接收波束成形向量的修正。
根据本公开的一个实施例，控制信息包括以下中的至少一项：用于上行链路的时间提前信息；以及用于上行链路的资源分配信息。
在本公开的另一实施例中，该装置400可以包括另外的波束成形向量优化单元404，被配置为通过减少所述下行链路发送波束成形向量对所述无线通信系统中至少另一设备的干扰来优化所述下行链路发送波束成形向量。作为示例，该波束成形向量优化单元404被配置为在于该设备的数据发送时段期间进行所述优化。该优化例如可以改善多用户MIMO通信的性能。
在一个实施例中，波束成形向量优化单元404可以通过使所述下行链路发送波束具有(5)式的形式而执行该优化。但是本公开的 实施例不限于此，设计上，该波束成形向量优化单元可以采用任何合适的算法和公式来优化下行链路发送波束成形向量以减少对其他设备的干扰。
在一个实施例中，第一发送单元401、波束成形单元402、第二发送单元403、以及波束成形向量优化单元404可以分别被配置为执行方法200的块201-204的操作，因此，关于方法200的块201-204的描述在此同样适用，因此不再一一重复。
图5示出根据本公开的实施例的在无线通信网络中的设备中的装置500。在一个实施例中，装置500可以被实施为例如图1中所示的UE 102或其的一部分，并且可以与装置400进行通信。装置500可操作用于执行参照图3所描述的方法300，以及任何其他的处理和方法。应当理解，方法300不局限于由装置500来执行，方法300的至少一些块也可以由其他的装置或者实体来执行。
如图5所示，装置500包括第一接收单元501，被配置为在第一时间段中从预定的天线端口接收来自所述无线通信系统中的接入节点的以经功率提升的第一发射功率发送的下行链路广播信号，以获得下行链路同步以及获得用于随机接入的系统信息，其中所述下行链路广播信号占用所述无线通信系统的系统带宽的一部分；接收波束成形单元502，被配置为根据获得的下行链路同步以及所述用于随机接入的系统信息，执行下行链路信道测量，并由此确定下行链路接收波束成形向量；随机接入单元503，被配置为向所述接入节点发送随机接入前导；以及第二接收单元504，被配置为从所述接入节点接收控制信息，所述控制信息是对所述随机接入前导的响应。
由于装置500可操作用于执行参照图3所描述的方法300，并与装置400通信。例如，装置500的第一接收单元501、接收波束成形单元502、随机接入单元503、第二接收单元504可以分别执行方法300的块301-304的操作。因此，关于方法300所进行的描述，包括关于下行链路广播信号、功率提升、预定的天线端口、下行链路接收波束成形向量、控制信息的描述，在此同样适用。因此，细节将 不再重复。
在一个实施例中，第二接收单元504，被配置为从接入节点接收经波束成形的控制信息。在另一实施例中，该装置进一步包括接收波束成形修正单元505，其被配置为基于接收的经波束成形的控制信息来修正下行链路接收波束成形向量。
在又一个实施例中，装置500还包括接收波束成形优化单元506，其可以被配置为通过使所述设备的接收信号与噪声和干扰比SINR最大化来优化所述下行链路接收波束成形向量。在一个优选实施例中，该优化可以通过将下行链路接收波束成形向量设置为(6)式的形式来实现。
本公开的实施例所提出的方法和装置的优点包括以下的至少一项：
-使用具有功率提升的预定天线端口，能够改善下行链路的质量。这使得用户能够快速同步到下行链路信道、获得主要的系统信息、并在UE侧得出用于接收的波束向量。并且该方案对于基站覆盖范围内的所有终端设备是公平的。因为它使得所有终端设备的下行链路的质量得以提高。此外，该方案避免的时分复用波束扫描方法中的过长的等待时间。
-另外，能够实现发送端和接收端的快速的波束对准。能够在数据传输之前建立点对点的波束对准，而在数据传输的过程中针对点对多点进一步执行波束对准的修正。
-能够支持5G毫米波系统中的高数据速率和低延时传输。
尽管本公开的一些实施例在5G毫米波的背景下描述，但是本公开的实施例不限于该应用环境，而是可以被应用于任何与实施例的特征兼容的通信系统，例如用于加速接入过程、以及改善系统性能。
在本公开的另一方面中，还提供无线通信系统中的如下装置，该装置包括处理器和存储器，该存储器包括由该处理器执行的指令，由此该装置可操作为执行参考附图2或者3所述的任一方法。
在本公开的又一方面中，提供无线通信系统中的如下装置，该 装置包括处理设备，该处理设备被适配为执行参考附图2或者3所述的任一方法。
本领域技术人员将容易地认识到，各种上述各种方法中的块或者步骤可以通过编程的计算机来执行。在本公开的另一方面中，提供计算机程序。当在至少一个处理器中执行时，该程序促使该处理器执行参考附图2或者3所述的任一方法。
在本公开的又一方面中，一些实施例还意在涵盖程序存储设备，例如，数字数据存储介质，其中存储机器或计算机可读的并且编码机器可执行或计算机可执行的指令程序，其中，所述指令执行上述方法的一些或所有步骤。程序存储设备可以是，例如，数字存储器、诸如磁盘和磁带的磁存储介质、硬盘驱动器或光学可读数字数据存储介质。该实施例还意在涵盖编程为执行所述上述方法的步骤的计算机。
在附图中示出的装置的各种元件的功能，可以通过使用软件、专用硬件以及与适当软件相关联的能够执行软件的硬件、或者固件、或者其结合来提供。当由处理器提供时，该功能可以由单个专用处理器、由单个共享处理器或由多个单独的处理器来提供。此外，术语“处理器”可以包括但不限于，数字信号处理器(DSP)硬件、网络处理器、专用集成电路(ASIC)、现场可编程门阵列(FPGA)，用于存储软件的只读存储器(ROM)、随机存取存储器(RAM)和非易失性存储装置。还可以包括其他常规和/或定制的硬件。
本领域技术人员应当理解，说明书和附图仅仅说明本公开的原理。因此，应当理解，本领域的技术人员将能够设计出各种布置，虽然这里没有明确地描述或示出，但是该布置体现本公开的原理并且被包括在本公开的精神和范围内。此外，这里阐述的所有示例主要旨在明确仅用于教学目的，以帮助读者理解本公开的原理和发明人贡献的用于促进本领域的概念，并且应被解释为不限于这些具体阐释的示例和条件。而且，这里阐述本公开的原理、方面和实施例的所有阐述及其具体示例也意在包含其等同物。

Claims (28)

  1. 一种在无线通信系统的接入节点中的方法，包括：
    在第一时间段中以经功率提升的第一发射功率从预定的天线端口向设备发送下行链路广播信号，用于使所述设备获得下行链路同步以及获得用于随机接入的系统信息，其中所述下行链路广播信号占用所述无线通信系统的系统带宽的一部分；
    接收来自所述设备的上行链路随机接入前导，并基于所述随机接入前导确定用于所述设备的下行链路发送波束成形向量；以及
    向所述设备发送控制信息，作为对所述上行链路随机接入前导的响应。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的方法，其中向所述设备发送控制信息包括：
    基于所确定的所述下行链路发送波束成形向量向所述设备发送所述控制信息。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的方法，其中所述功率提升通过在所述第一时间段中将所述预定的天线端口的所有发射功率集中于所述系统带宽的所述一部分、而使所述预定的天线端口在所述系统带宽的其余部分的第二发射功率为零而实现。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的方法，其中所述下行链路广播信号包括以下中的至少一项：
    主同步信号；
    辅同步信号；
    关于小区特定参考信号的配置信息；以及
    关于所述系统带宽的信息。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的方法，其中所述控制信息包括以下中的至少一项：
    用于上行链路的时间提前信息；以及
    用于上行链路的资源分配信息。
  6. 根据权利要求1到5中任一权利要求所述的方法，进一步包括：
    通过减少所述下行链路发送波束成形向量对所述无线通信系统中至少另一设备的干扰，来优化所述下行链路发送波束成形向量。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的方法，其中通过减少所述下行链路发送波束成形向量对所述无线通信系统中至少另一设备的干扰，来优化所述下行链路发送波束成形向量包括：
    通过使所述下行链路发送波束成形向量与矩阵的主特征向量成正比，来优化所述下行链路发送波束成形向量；
    其中FeNB表示干扰协方差矩阵，Hi和Hj分别表示索引为i的所述设备和索引为j的另一设备的下行链路信道矩阵，K表示用于多用户多输入多输出MIMO传输的用户总数，(.)H表示矩阵共轭。
  8. 一种在无线通信系统的设备中的方法，包括：
    在第一时间段中从预定的天线端口接收来自接入节点的、以经功率提升的第一发射功率发送的下行链路广播信号，以获得下行链路同步以及获得用于随机接入的系统信息，其中所述下行链路广播信号占用所述无线通信系统的系统带宽的一部分；
    根据获得的下行链路同步以及所述用于随机接入的系统信息，执行下行链路信道测量，并由此确定下行链路接收波束成形向量；
    向所述接入节点发送随机接入前导；以及
    从所述接入节点接收控制信息，所述控制信息是对所述随机接入前导的响应。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的方法，其中从所述接入节点接收控制信息包括从所述接入节点接收经波束成形的所述控制信息，并且所述方法进一步包括：
    基于所述控制信息的接收来修正所述下行链路接收波束成形向量。
  10. 根据权利要求8所述的方法，其中所述功率提升是通过由 所述接入节点在所述第一时间段中将所述预定的天线端口的所有发射功率集中于所述系统带宽的所述一部分，而使所述预定的天线端口在所述系统带宽的其余部分的第二发射功率为零而实现的。
  11. 根据权利要求8所述的方法，其中所述下行链路广播信号包括以下中的至少一项：
    主同步信号；
    辅同步信号；
    关于小区特定参考信号的配置信息；以及
    关于所述系统带宽的信息。
  12. 根据权利要求8所述的方法，其中所述控制信息包括以下中的至少一项：
    用于上行链路的时间提前信息；以及
    用于上行链路的资源分配信息。
  13. 根据权利要求8到12中任一权利要求所述的方法，进一步包括：
    通过使所述设备的接收信号与噪声和干扰比SINR最大化来优化所述下行链路接收波束成形向量。
  14. 根据权利要求13所述的方法，其中通过使所述设备的接收SINR最大化来优化所述下行链路接收波束成形向量包括：
    通过采用以下表示的波束成形向量来优化所述下行链路接收波束成形向量：
    Figure PCTCN2015086783-appb-100002
    其中Zl，l＝1，…，L表示第l个干扰信道矩阵，L表示被所述设备纳入考虑的干扰总数，Hi表示所述设备的下行链路信道矩阵，σ0表示干扰的方差，(.)H表示矩阵共轭，(.)-1表示矩阵的逆。
  15. 一种无线通信系统的接入节点中的装置，包括：
    第一发送单元，被配置为在第一时间段中以经功率提升的第一发射功率从预定的天线端口向设备发送下行链路广播信号，用于使所述设备获得下行链路同步以及获得用于随机接入的系统信息，其 中所述下行链路广播信号占用所述无线通信系统的系统带宽的一部分；
    波束成形单元，被配置为接收来自所述设备的上行链路随机接入前导，并基于所述随机接入前导确定用于所述设备的下行链路发送波束成形向量；以及
    第二发送单元，被配置为向所述设备发送控制信息，作为对所述上行链路随机接入前导的响应。
  16. 根据权利要求15所述的装置，其中所述第二发送单元被配置为基于所确定的所述下行链路发送波束成形向量向所述设备发送所述控制信息。
  17. 根据权利要求15所述的装置，其中所述第一发送单元被配置为通过在所述第一时间段中将所述预定的天线端口的所有发射功率集中于所述系统带宽的所述一部分，而使所述预定的天线端口在所述系统带宽的其余部分的第二发射功率为零而实现所述功率提升。
  18. 根据权利要求15所述的装置，其中所述下行链路广播信号包括以下中的至少一项：
    主同步信号；
    辅同步信号；
    关于小区特定参考信号的配置信息；以及
    关于所述系统带宽的信息。
  19. 根据权利要求15所述的装置，其中所述控制信息包括以下中的至少一项：
    用于上行链路的时间提前信息；以及
    用于上行链路的资源分配信息。
  20. 根据权利要求15到19中任一权利要求所述的装置，进一步包括：
    波束成形向量优化单元，被配置为通过减少所述下行链路发送波束成形向量对所述无线通信系统中至少另一设备的干扰来优化所 述下行链路发送波束成形向量。
  21. 根据权利要求20所述的装置，其中所述波束成形向量优化单元被配置为通过使所述下行链路发送波束成形向量与矩阵
    Figure PCTCN2015086783-appb-100003
    的主特征向量成正比来优化所述下行链路发送波束成形向量；
    其中FeNB表示干扰协方差矩阵，Hi和Hj分别表示索引为i的所述设备和索引为j的另一设备的下行链路信道矩阵，K表示用于多用户多输入多输出MIMO传输的用户总数，(.)H表示矩阵共轭。
  22. 一种在无线通信系统的设备中的装置，包括：
    第一接收单元，被配置为在第一时间段中从预定的天线端口接收来自所述无线通信系统中的接入节点的以经功率提升的第一发射功率发送的下行链路广播信号，以获得下行链路同步以及获得用于随机接入的系统信息，其中所述下行链路广播信号占用所述无线通信系统的系统带宽的一部分；
    接收波束成形单元，被配置为根据获得的下行链路同步以及所述用于随机接入的系统信息，执行下行链路信道测量，并由此确定下行链路接收波束成形向量；以及
    随机接入单元，被配置为向所述接入节点发送随机接入前导；
    第二接收单元，被配置为从所述接入节点接收控制信息，所述控制信息是对所述随机接入前导的响应。
  23. 根据权利要求22所述的装置，其中所述第二接收单元被配置为从所述接入节点接收经波束成形的所述控制信息；并且所述装置进一步包括：
    接收波束成形修正单元，被配置为基于所述控制信息的接收来修正所述下行链路接收波束成形向量。
  24. 根据权利要求22所述的装置，其中所述功率提升是通过由所述接入节点在所述第一时间段中将所述预定的天线端口的所有发射功率集中于所述系统带宽的所述一部分，而使所述预定的天线端 口在所述系统带宽的其余部分的第二发射功率为零而实现的。
  25. 根据权利要求22所述的装置，其中所述下行链路广播信号包括以下中的至少一项：
    主同步信号；
    辅同步信号；
    关于小区特定参考信号的配置信息；以及
    关于所述系统带宽的信息。
  26. 根据权利要求22所述的装置，其中所述控制信息包括以下中的至少一项：
    用于上行链路的时间提前信息；以及
    用于上行链路的资源分配信息。
  27. 根据权利要求22到26中任一权利要求所述的装置，进一步包括：
    接收波束成形优化单元，被配置为通过使所述设备的接收信号与噪声和干扰比SINR最大化来优化所述下行链路接收波束成形向量。
  28. 根据权利要求27所述的装置，其中所述接收波束成形向量优化单元被配置为通过采用以下表示的波束成形向量来优化所述下行链路接收波束成形向量：
    Figure PCTCN2015086783-appb-100004
    其中Zl，l＝1，…，L表示第l个干扰信道矩阵，L表示被所述设备纳入考虑的干扰总数，Hi表示所述设备的下行链路信道矩阵，σ0表示干扰的方差，(.)H表示矩阵共轭，(.)-1表示矩阵的逆。
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