WO2017016501A1 - Inrush-current free switching device and control method thereof - Google Patents

Inrush-current free switching device and control method thereof Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2017016501A1
WO2017016501A1 PCT/CN2016/092015 CN2016092015W WO2017016501A1 WO 2017016501 A1 WO2017016501 A1 WO 2017016501A1 CN 2016092015 W CN2016092015 W CN 2016092015W WO 2017016501 A1 WO2017016501 A1 WO 2017016501A1
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Prior art keywords
unidirectional thyristor
control unit
mechanical switch
switching device
current
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PCT/CN2016/092015
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French (fr)
Chinese (zh)
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郭桥石
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广州市金矢电子有限公司
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Publication of WO2017016501A1 publication Critical patent/WO2017016501A1/en
Priority to US15/686,681 priority Critical patent/US10236682B2/en

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
    • H02J3/18—Arrangements for adjusting, eliminating or compensating reactive power in networks
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E40/00—Technologies for an efficient electrical power generation, transmission or distribution
    • Y02E40/30—Reactive power compensation

Definitions

  • the non-inrush current switching device and the control method thereof belong to the field of electricity, in particular to a non-inrush current switching device suitable for switching capacitive loads such as capacitors and a control method thereof.
  • the non-inrush current switching device such as the composite switch is widely used to switch on and off the power capacitor and other loads, and the two unidirectional thyristors are reversely connected in parallel with the mechanical switch (magnetic holding relay and the like).
  • the control unit controls the zero-cross conduction of the two unidirectional thyristors before the mechanical switch is closed, and then controls the mechanical switch to close.
  • Existing composite switches have the following disadvantages:
  • the thyristor has a long conduction time, low power utilization, low cost performance, poor overload capability, and easy breakdown and damage.
  • the current rated current of the composite switch can only be several tens of amps, and the reliability is poor.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide a non-inrush current with short thyristor conduction time, strong overload capability, high cost performance, long mechanical switch life and high reliability, in view of the deficiencies of the existing non-inrush switching device such as a composite switch. Switching device and its control method.
  • a non-inrush current switching device includes a mechanical switch, and further includes a first unidirectional thyristor, a second unidirectional thyristor, a control unit, and a current limiting component, wherein the first unidirectional thyristor is connected in series with the current limiting component Forming a series circuit, the series circuit is connected in parallel with the second unidirectional thyristor, both ends of the mechanical switch main circuit are connected in parallel with the second unidirectional thyristor, and the control unit is connected to the control end of the mechanical switch The control unit is connected to the first unidirectional thyristor and the second unidirectional thyristor, and the control unit is pre- The operating time parameter of the mechanical switch is stored.
  • a non-inrush current switching device in the process of turning on, the control unit controls the mechanical switch to close after a zero-crossing of the first unidirectional thyristor to a next current zero point interval.
  • control unit provides the first unidirectional thyristor when an anode of the first unidirectional thyristor is at a negative potential to a cathode of the first unidirectional thyristor during turn-on Turn on the control signal.
  • a non-inrush current switching device in the breaking process, the control unit controls the mechanical switch after the anode of the first unidirectional thyristor has a positive potential peak to the cathode of the first unidirectional thyristor The two current zero points are separated.
  • a non-inrush current switching device in the breaking process, the control unit controls the mechanical switch to be broken when the anode of the second unidirectional thyristor is positive to the cathode of the second unidirectional thyristor.
  • a non-inrush current switching device the current limiting component being a current limiting resistor.
  • a non-inrush current switching device the current limiting resistor being a resistance wire.
  • a non-inrush flow switching device the mechanical switch is an electromagnetic switch, and the control end of the mechanical switch is a control coil of the electromagnetic switch.
  • the control unit in the turning-on process, first controls the zero-cross conduction of the first unidirectional thyristor, and the control unit controls the mechanical switch to After the first unidirectional thyristor is turned on, it is closed to a next current zero point interval, and during the breaking process, the control unit controls the mechanical switch at the anode of the first unidirectional thyristor to the first unidirectional thyristor
  • the cathode is divided into a positive potential peak and a second current zero interval.
  • the control unit is at a negative potential to the cathode of the first unidirectional thyristor at the anode of the first unidirectional thyristor during the turn-on process Providing the first unidirectional thyristor conduction control signal, the control unit controls the mechanical switch to close after the first unidirectional thyristor is turned on to a next current zero point interval, during the breaking process, the control The unit controls the mechanical switch to be broken when the anode of the second unidirectional thyristor is at a positive potential to the cathode of the second unidirectional thyristor.
  • the control unit provides a first unidirectional thyristor conduction control signal when the anode of the first unidirectional thyristor is at a negative potential to the cathode of the first unidirectional thyristor, when the anode of the first unidirectional thyristor is first
  • the cathode of the unidirectional thyristor is positively biased, the first unidirectional thyristor has no inrush current conduction, and the control unit controls the mechanical switch to close after the first unidirectional thyristor is turned on to the next current zero point, reducing the first The conduction time of the unidirectional thyristor and the current time through the current limiting element;
  • control unit controls the mechanical switch to break the peak of the first unidirectional thyristor to the cathode of the first unidirectional thyristor to the second current zero point, and reduce the current limiting component to the mechanical switch arc extinguishing The effect of the effect.
  • control unit controls the mechanical switch to be disconnected when the anode of the second unidirectional thyristor is positive to the cathode of the second unidirectional thyristor (ie, the anode of the first unidirectional thyristor is positive to the cathode of the first unidirectional thyristor)
  • the first current zero point to the second current zero point interval is broken, and the mechanical switch breaking arc extinguishing effect is not affected by the current limiting element.
  • the invention has no inrush current switching device, and has the advantages of short thyristor conduction time, strong overload capability, high cost performance, long mechanical switch life and high reliability.
  • FIG. 1 is a circuit schematic diagram of an embodiment of a non-inrush current switching device of the present invention.
  • the first embodiment of the present invention has no inrush current switching device, as shown in FIG. 1:
  • the utility model relates to a non-inrush current switching device, which comprises a mechanical switch K1 (which is an electromagnetic switch whose control end is a control coil of an electromagnetic switch or other mechanical switch), and also includes a first unidirectional thyristor SCR1 and a second one-way The thyristor SCR2, the control unit (A), the current limiting component R1 (which is a current limiting resistor), the first unidirectional thyristor SCR1 and the current limiting component R1 are connected in series to form a series circuit, and the series circuit is connected in parallel with the second unidirectional thyristor SCR2, the mechanical The two ends of the main circuit of the switch K1 are connected in parallel with the second unidirectional thyristor SCR2, the control unit (A) is connected with the control end of the mechanical switch K1, and the control unit (A) is connected with the first unidirectional thyristor SCR1 and the second unidirectional thyristor SCR2.
  • the control unit (A) provides a first thyristor SCR1 conduction control signal when the anode of the first unidirectional thyristor SCR1 is at a negative potential to the cathode of the first unidirectional thyristor SCR1 (which can greatly reduce the capacitance)
  • the impact of the load current on the first unidirectional thyristor SCR1 when the anode of the first unidirectional thyristor SCR1 is forward biased to the cathode zero crossing of the first unidirectional thyristor SCR1, the first unidirectional thyristor SCR1 has no inrush current conduction, input power through J1 terminal, current limiting component R1, first unidirectional thyristor
  • the SCR1 and J2 terminals have no inrush current to the capacitor C1, and the control unit (A) controls the mechanical switch K1 to close after the first unidirectional thyristor SCR1 is turned on and off to the
  • the control unit (A) controls the mechanical switch K1 after the anode of the first unidirectional thyristor SCR1 is at the positive potential of the cathode of the first unidirectional thyristor SCR1 (ie, the peak value of the current through the mechanical switch K1)
  • the two current zero points are divided to reduce the influence of the current limiting element R1 on the arc extinguishing effect of the mechanical switch K1.
  • the cathode of the thyristor SCR1 is the peak of the positive potential (ie, the peak value of the current through the mechanical switch K1) and the first current zero point to the second current zero point interval, ensuring that the second unidirectional thyristor SCR2 can be forward-conducting, the second one-way
  • the thyristor SCR2 conduction control signal can be provided by the control unit, or can be driven by the potential difference between the mechanical switch K1 when the mechanical switch K1 is disconnected, to achieve the purpose of the mechanical switch K1 without arc breaking, and the mechanical switch K1 is interrupted and arc extinguished. The effect is not affected by the current limiting
  • the J3 port of FIG. 1 is used for power supply and control multiplexing.
  • the J3 terminal can be used as a control port, and the control unit (A) can be connected to another working power supply.
  • the above embodiment is for describing the working principle of the present invention conveniently, and is described by a single-pole switch.
  • the control unit (A) can be shared as long as the number of related components such as the mechanical switch K1 and the unidirectional thyristor is increased correspondingly. .
  • the working principle is the same and still belongs to the scope of patent of the present invention.
  • the first unidirectional thyristor SCR1 is connected in series with the current limiting element R1, which overcomes the impact of the capacitive load breakdown short circuit and the self-healing process on the thyristor, and the short circuit current can be defined by the current limiting element R1.
  • the control unit (A) pre-stores the operating time parameter of the mechanical switch K1, which can greatly reduce the working time of the current limiting element R1 and the first unidirectional thyristor SCR1 and the second unidirectional thyristor SCR2, and improve the overloading force thereof.
  • the power requirement of the current limiting component R1, the first unidirectional thyristor SCR1, and the second unidirectional thyristor SCR2 is greatly reduced, and the current limiting component R1 can directly use a resistance wire, which is cost-effective.
  • connection process is conducted by the first unidirectional thyristor SCR1 without inrush current, and the breaking process is turned on and off by the second unidirectional thyristor SCR2, which overcomes the voltage drop caused by the current limiting component R1 and affects the extinguishing of the mechanical switch K1. Arc effect, mechanical switch K1 has a long electrical life.
  • FIG. 1 A control method for the non-inrush current switching device of the present invention is shown in FIG. 1.
  • the control unit (A) first controls the zero-cross conduction of the first unidirectional thyristor SCR1, and the control unit (A) controls the mechanical switch K1.
  • the control unit (A) controls the mechanical switch K1.
  • FIG. 1 A control method for the non-inrush current switching device of the present invention is shown in FIG. 1.
  • the control unit (A) is at a negative potential to the cathode of the first unidirectional thyristor SCR1 at the anode of the first unidirectional thyristor SCR1.
  • the control unit (A) controls the mechanical switch K1 to be closed after the first unidirectional thyristor SCR1 is turned on to the next current zero point interval for reducing
  • the first thyristor SCR1 is turned on to increase its overloading force.
  • control unit (A) controls the mechanical switch K1 to be positive at the anode of the second unidirectional thyristor SCR2 and the cathode of the second unidirectional thyristor SCR2.
  • the control unit (A) controls the mechanical switch K1 to be positive at the anode of the second unidirectional thyristor SCR2 and the cathode of the second unidirectional thyristor SCR2.

Abstract

An inrush-current free switching device and a control method thereof. The inrush-current free switching device comprises: a mechanical switch (K1), a first unidirectional Silicon Controlled Rectifier (SCR1), a second unidirectional Silicon Controlled Rectifier (SCR2), a control unit (A), and a current-limiting element R1. The first unidirectional Silicon Controlled Rectifier (SCR1) and the current-limiting element are connected in series to compose a series circuit; the series circuit is in parallel with the second unidirectional silicon controlled rectifier; two terminals of the main loop of the mechanical switch is in parallel with the second unidirectional silicon controlled rectifier; the control unit connects with the controlling terminal of the mechanical switch, and the control unit connects with the first unidirectional silicon controlled rectifier and the second unidirectional silicon controlled rectifier. The actuation time parameter of the mechanical switch is pre-stored in the control unit. The inrush-current free switching device has the advantages of: short turning-on time of the silicon controlled rectifier, high overload ability, high cost effectiveness, long electrical life of the mechanical switch, and high reliability.

Description

无涌流投切装置及其控制方法Non-inrush flow switching device and control method thereof 技术领域Technical field
本发明无涌流投切装置及其控制方法属于电学领域,特别是一种适合对电容等容性负载进行投切的无涌流投切装置及其控制方法。The non-inrush current switching device and the control method thereof belong to the field of electricity, in particular to a non-inrush current switching device suitable for switching capacitive loads such as capacitors and a control method thereof.
背景技术Background technique
目前在电气控制系统中,广泛使用复合开关等无涌流投切装置对电力电容及其它负载进行接通分断控制，其采用二只单向晶闸管反向并联再与机械开关(磁保持继电器等电磁开关)并联，在接通过程中，控制单元在机械开关闭合前先控制二只单向晶闸管过零导通，然后控制机械开关闭合。现有的复合开关存在以下缺点：At present, in the electric control system, the non-inrush current switching device such as the composite switch is widely used to switch on and off the power capacitor and other loads, and the two unidirectional thyristors are reversely connected in parallel with the mechanical switch (magnetic holding relay and the like). In parallel, during the turn-on process, the control unit controls the zero-cross conduction of the two unidirectional thyristors before the mechanical switch is closed, and then controls the mechanical switch to close. Existing composite switches have the following disadvantages:
1.由于电容负载其容易存在短路、击穿、自愈情况，在没串联电抗的情况下产生电流极大，晶闸管作为半导体器件其本身的过载能力也很有限，容易击穿损坏。1. Due to the capacitive load, it is prone to short circuit, breakdown, and self-healing. In the case of no series reactance, the current is extremely large. The thyristor as a semiconductor device has its own overload capability and is easily broken down.
2.晶闸管导通时间长，功率利用率低、性价比低、过载能力差、容易击穿损坏。2. The thyristor has a long conduction time, low power utilization, low cost performance, poor overload capability, and easy breakdown and damage.
由于以上原因，复合开关目前额定电流只能做到几十安培，同时可靠性差。Due to the above reasons, the current rated current of the composite switch can only be several tens of amps, and the reliability is poor.
发明内容Summary of the invention
本发明的目的在于针对现有复合开关等无涌流投切装置的不足之处而提供一种具有晶闸管导通时间短、过载能力强、性价比高、机械开关电寿命长、可靠性高的无涌流投切装置及其控制方法。The object of the present invention is to provide a non-inrush current with short thyristor conduction time, strong overload capability, high cost performance, long mechanical switch life and high reliability, in view of the deficiencies of the existing non-inrush switching device such as a composite switch. Switching device and its control method.
实现本发明的目的是通过以下技术方案来达到的：The object of the present invention is achieved by the following technical solutions:
一种无涌流投切装置，包括一机械开关，还包括第一单向晶闸管、第二单向晶闸管、一控制单元、一限流元件，所述第一单向晶闸管与所述限流元件串联而成串联电路，所述串联电路与所述第二单向晶闸管并联，所述机械开关主回路两端与所述第二单向晶闸管并联，所述控制单元与所述机械开关的控制端连接，所述控制单元与所述第一单向晶闸管、所述第二单向晶闸管连接，所述控制单元预 存有所述机械开关的动作时间参数。A non-inrush current switching device includes a mechanical switch, and further includes a first unidirectional thyristor, a second unidirectional thyristor, a control unit, and a current limiting component, wherein the first unidirectional thyristor is connected in series with the current limiting component Forming a series circuit, the series circuit is connected in parallel with the second unidirectional thyristor, both ends of the mechanical switch main circuit are connected in parallel with the second unidirectional thyristor, and the control unit is connected to the control end of the mechanical switch The control unit is connected to the first unidirectional thyristor and the second unidirectional thyristor, and the control unit is pre- The operating time parameter of the mechanical switch is stored.
一种无涌流投切装置，在接通过程中，所述控制单元控制所述机械开关在所述第一单向晶闸管过零导通后至下一个电流零点区间闭合。A non-inrush current switching device, in the process of turning on, the control unit controls the mechanical switch to close after a zero-crossing of the first unidirectional thyristor to a next current zero point interval.
一种无涌流投切装置，在接通过程中，所述控制单元在所述第一单向晶闸管的阳极对所述第一单向晶闸管的阴极为负电位时提供所述第一单向晶闸管导通控制信号。A non-inrush current switching device, wherein the control unit provides the first unidirectional thyristor when an anode of the first unidirectional thyristor is at a negative potential to a cathode of the first unidirectional thyristor during turn-on Turn on the control signal.
一种无涌流投切装置，在分断过程中，所述控制单元控制所述机械开关在所述第一单向晶闸管的阳极对所述第一单向晶闸管的阴极为正电位的峰值后至第二个电流零点区间分断。A non-inrush current switching device, in the breaking process, the control unit controls the mechanical switch after the anode of the first unidirectional thyristor has a positive potential peak to the cathode of the first unidirectional thyristor The two current zero points are separated.
一种无涌流投切装置，在分断过程中，所述控制单元控制所述机械开关在所述第二单向晶闸管的阳极对所述第二单向晶闸管的阴极为正电位时分断。A non-inrush current switching device, in the breaking process, the control unit controls the mechanical switch to be broken when the anode of the second unidirectional thyristor is positive to the cathode of the second unidirectional thyristor.
一种无涌流投切装置，所述限流元件为一限流电阻。A non-inrush current switching device, the current limiting component being a current limiting resistor.
一种无涌流投切装置，所述限流电阻为一电阻丝。A non-inrush current switching device, the current limiting resistor being a resistance wire.
一种无涌流投切装置，所述机械开关为一电磁开关，所述机械开关的控制端为所述电磁开关的控制线圈。A non-inrush flow switching device, the mechanical switch is an electromagnetic switch, and the control end of the mechanical switch is a control coil of the electromagnetic switch.
一种根据以上所述的无涌流投切装置的控制方法，在接通过程中，所述控制单元先控制所述第一单向晶闸管过零导通，所述控制单元控制所述机械开关在所述第一单向晶闸管导通后至下一个电流零点区间闭合，在分断过程中，所述控制单元控制所述机械开关在所述第一单向晶闸管的阳极对所述第一单向晶闸管的阴极为正电位的峰值后至第二个电流零点区间分断。According to the control method of the non-inrush current switching device according to the above, in the turning-on process, the control unit first controls the zero-cross conduction of the first unidirectional thyristor, and the control unit controls the mechanical switch to After the first unidirectional thyristor is turned on, it is closed to a next current zero point interval, and during the breaking process, the control unit controls the mechanical switch at the anode of the first unidirectional thyristor to the first unidirectional thyristor The cathode is divided into a positive potential peak and a second current zero interval.
一种根据以上所述的无涌流投切装置的控制方法，在接通过程中，所述控制单元在所述第一单向晶闸管的阳极对所述第一单向晶闸管的阴极为为负电位时提供所述第一单向晶闸管导通控制信号，所述控制单元控制所述机械开关在所述第一单向晶闸管导通后至下一个电流零点区间闭合，在分断过程中，所述控制单元控制所述机械开关在所述第二单向晶闸管的阳极对所述第二单向晶闸管的阴极为正电位时分断。According to the control method of the non-inrush current switching device according to the above, the control unit is at a negative potential to the cathode of the first unidirectional thyristor at the anode of the first unidirectional thyristor during the turn-on process Providing the first unidirectional thyristor conduction control signal, the control unit controls the mechanical switch to close after the first unidirectional thyristor is turned on to a next current zero point interval, during the breaking process, the control The unit controls the mechanical switch to be broken when the anode of the second unidirectional thyristor is at a positive potential to the cathode of the second unidirectional thyristor.
其工作原理：How it works:
在接通过程中，控制单元在第一单向晶闸管的阳极对第一单向晶闸管的阴极为负电位时提供第一单向晶闸管导通控制信号，当第一单向晶闸管的阳极对第一 单向晶闸管的阴极过零正向偏置时，第一单向晶闸管无涌流导通，控制单元控制机械开关在第一单向晶闸管过零导通后至下一个电流零点区间闭合，减少第一单向晶闸管的导通时间及通过限流元件电流时间；During the turn-on process, the control unit provides a first unidirectional thyristor conduction control signal when the anode of the first unidirectional thyristor is at a negative potential to the cathode of the first unidirectional thyristor, when the anode of the first unidirectional thyristor is first When the cathode of the unidirectional thyristor is positively biased, the first unidirectional thyristor has no inrush current conduction, and the control unit controls the mechanical switch to close after the first unidirectional thyristor is turned on to the next current zero point, reducing the first The conduction time of the unidirectional thyristor and the current time through the current limiting element;
在分断过程中，控制单元控制机械开关在第一单向晶闸管的阳极对第一单向晶闸管的阴极为正电位的峰值后至第二个电流零点区间分断，减少限流元件对机械开关灭弧效果的影响。注：当控制单元控制机械开关在第二单向晶闸管的阳极对第二单向晶闸管的阴极为正电位时分断(即第一单向晶闸管的阳极对第一单向晶闸管的阴极为正电位的峰值后第一个电流零点至第二个电流零点区间分断)，机械开关分断灭弧效果就不会受到限流元件影响。During the breaking process, the control unit controls the mechanical switch to break the peak of the first unidirectional thyristor to the cathode of the first unidirectional thyristor to the second current zero point, and reduce the current limiting component to the mechanical switch arc extinguishing The effect of the effect. Note: When the control unit controls the mechanical switch to be disconnected when the anode of the second unidirectional thyristor is positive to the cathode of the second unidirectional thyristor (ie, the anode of the first unidirectional thyristor is positive to the cathode of the first unidirectional thyristor) After the peak, the first current zero point to the second current zero point interval is broken, and the mechanical switch breaking arc extinguishing effect is not affected by the current limiting element.
本发明无涌流投切装置，具有晶闸管导通时间短、过载能力强、性价比高、机械开关电寿命长、可靠性高的优点。The invention has no inrush current switching device, and has the advantages of short thyristor conduction time, strong overload capability, high cost performance, long mechanical switch life and high reliability.
附图说明DRAWINGS
图1是本发明无涌流投切装置的实施例一电路原理图。BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS Fig. 1 is a circuit schematic diagram of an embodiment of a non-inrush current switching device of the present invention.
具体实施方式detailed description
本发明无涌流投切装置的实施例一，如图1所示：The first embodiment of the present invention has no inrush current switching device, as shown in FIG. 1:
一种无涌流投切装置，包括一机械开关K1(为一电磁开关，其控制端为电磁开关的控制线圈，也可以为其它机械开关)，还包括第一单向晶闸管SCR1、第二单向晶闸管SCR2、控制单元(A)、限流元件R1(为一限流电阻)，第一单向晶闸管SCR1与限流元件R1串联而成串联电路，串联电路与第二单向晶闸管SCR2并联，机械开关K1主回路两端与第二单向晶闸管SCR2并联，控制单元(A)与机械开关K1的控制端连接，控制单元(A)与第一单向晶闸管SCR1、第二单向晶闸管SCR2连接，控制单元(A)预存有机械开关K1的动作时间参数。The utility model relates to a non-inrush current switching device, which comprises a mechanical switch K1 (which is an electromagnetic switch whose control end is a control coil of an electromagnetic switch or other mechanical switch), and also includes a first unidirectional thyristor SCR1 and a second one-way The thyristor SCR2, the control unit (A), the current limiting component R1 (which is a current limiting resistor), the first unidirectional thyristor SCR1 and the current limiting component R1 are connected in series to form a series circuit, and the series circuit is connected in parallel with the second unidirectional thyristor SCR2, the mechanical The two ends of the main circuit of the switch K1 are connected in parallel with the second unidirectional thyristor SCR2, the control unit (A) is connected with the control end of the mechanical switch K1, and the control unit (A) is connected with the first unidirectional thyristor SCR1 and the second unidirectional thyristor SCR2. The control unit (A) prestores the operating time parameter of the mechanical switch K1.
工作原理：working principle:
在接通过程中，控制单元(A)在第一单向晶闸管SCR1的阳极对第一单向晶闸管SCR1的阴极为负电位时提供第一单向晶闸管SCR1导通控制信号(可以大大减少对容性负载接通时，负载电流对第一单向晶闸管SCR1的冲击)，当第一单向晶闸管SCR1的阳极对第一单向晶闸管SCR1的阴极过零正向偏置时，第一单向晶闸管SCR1无涌流导通，输入的电源通过J1端、限流元件R1、第一单向晶闸管 SCR1、J2端对电容C1无涌流接通，控制单元(A)控制机械开关K1在第一单向晶闸管SCR1过零导通后至下一个电流零点区间闭合，减少第一单向晶闸管SCR1的导通时间及通过限流元件R1电流时间；During the turn-on process, the control unit (A) provides a first thyristor SCR1 conduction control signal when the anode of the first unidirectional thyristor SCR1 is at a negative potential to the cathode of the first unidirectional thyristor SCR1 (which can greatly reduce the capacitance) When the load is turned on, the impact of the load current on the first unidirectional thyristor SCR1), when the anode of the first unidirectional thyristor SCR1 is forward biased to the cathode zero crossing of the first unidirectional thyristor SCR1, the first unidirectional thyristor SCR1 has no inrush current conduction, input power through J1 terminal, current limiting component R1, first unidirectional thyristor The SCR1 and J2 terminals have no inrush current to the capacitor C1, and the control unit (A) controls the mechanical switch K1 to close after the first unidirectional thyristor SCR1 is turned on and off to the next current zero point interval, reducing the conduction of the first unidirectional thyristor SCR1. Pass time and current through the current limiting component R1;
在分断过程中，控制单元(A)控制机械开关K1在第一单向晶闸管SCR1的阳极对第一单向晶闸管SCR1的阴极为正电位的峰值(即通过机械开关K1电流的峰值)后至第二个电流零点区间分断，减少限流元件R1对机械开关K1灭弧效果的影响。注：当控制单元(A)控制机械开关K1在第二单向晶闸管SCR2的阳极对第二单向晶闸管SCR2的阴极为正电位时分断(即第一单向晶闸管SCR1的阳极对第一单向晶闸管SCR1的阴极为正电位的峰值(即通过机械开关K1电流的峰值)后第一个电流零点至第二个电流零点区间分断，确保第二单向晶闸管SCR2能正向导通，第二单向晶闸管SCR2导通控制信号可以由控制单元提供，也可以由机械开关K1分断时，由机械开关K1两端电位差驱动导通)，达到机械开关K1无电弧分断的目的，机械开关K1分断灭弧效果就不会受到限流元件R1影响。During the breaking process, the control unit (A) controls the mechanical switch K1 after the anode of the first unidirectional thyristor SCR1 is at the positive potential of the cathode of the first unidirectional thyristor SCR1 (ie, the peak value of the current through the mechanical switch K1) The two current zero points are divided to reduce the influence of the current limiting element R1 on the arc extinguishing effect of the mechanical switch K1. Note: When the control unit (A) controls the mechanical switch K1 to be disconnected when the anode of the second unidirectional thyristor SCR2 is positive to the cathode of the second unidirectional thyristor SCR2 (ie, the anode of the first unidirectional thyristor SCR1 is opposite to the first one-way The cathode of the thyristor SCR1 is the peak of the positive potential (ie, the peak value of the current through the mechanical switch K1) and the first current zero point to the second current zero point interval, ensuring that the second unidirectional thyristor SCR2 can be forward-conducting, the second one-way The thyristor SCR2 conduction control signal can be provided by the control unit, or can be driven by the potential difference between the mechanical switch K1 when the mechanical switch K1 is disconnected, to achieve the purpose of the mechanical switch K1 without arc breaking, and the mechanical switch K1 is interrupted and arc extinguished. The effect is not affected by the current limiting element R1.
以上实施例图1的J3端口作为供电和控制复用，在实际应用中，J3端可以作为控制端口，控制单元(A)另接一工作电源。以上实施例为方便描述本发明工作原理，以单极开关进行描述，在三相电使用时，只要相应增加机械开关K1、单向晶闸管等相关元器件数量即可，控制单元(A)可以共用。工作原理相同，仍属本发明专利范围。In the above embodiment, the J3 port of FIG. 1 is used for power supply and control multiplexing. In practical applications, the J3 terminal can be used as a control port, and the control unit (A) can be connected to another working power supply. The above embodiment is for describing the working principle of the present invention conveniently, and is described by a single-pole switch. When three-phase electric power is used, the control unit (A) can be shared as long as the number of related components such as the mechanical switch K1 and the unidirectional thyristor is increased correspondingly. . The working principle is the same and still belongs to the scope of patent of the present invention.
以上实施例具有以下优点：The above embodiment has the following advantages:
1.第一单向晶闸管SCR1串联了限流元件R1，克服了电容负载击穿短路、自愈过程对晶闸管的冲击，其短路电流可以通过限流元件R1限定。1. The first unidirectional thyristor SCR1 is connected in series with the current limiting element R1, which overcomes the impact of the capacitive load breakdown short circuit and the self-healing process on the thyristor, and the short circuit current can be defined by the current limiting element R1.
2.控制单元(A)预存有机械开关K1的动作时间参数，可以大大减少限流元件R1和第一单向晶闸管SCR1、第二单向晶闸管SCR2通过电流的工作时间，提高了其过载力，大大减低限流元件R1、第一单向晶闸管SCR1、第二单向晶闸管SCR2的功率要求，限流元件R1可以直接用一电阻丝，性价比高。2. The control unit (A) pre-stores the operating time parameter of the mechanical switch K1, which can greatly reduce the working time of the current limiting element R1 and the first unidirectional thyristor SCR1 and the second unidirectional thyristor SCR2, and improve the overloading force thereof. The power requirement of the current limiting component R1, the first unidirectional thyristor SCR1, and the second unidirectional thyristor SCR2 is greatly reduced, and the current limiting component R1 can directly use a resistance wire, which is cost-effective.
3.接通过程由第一单向晶闸管SCR1无涌流导通，分断过程由第二单向晶闸管SCR2导通灭弧，克服了限流元件R1带来的电压降，影响对机械开关K1的灭弧效果，机械开关K1电寿命长。3. The connection process is conducted by the first unidirectional thyristor SCR1 without inrush current, and the breaking process is turned on and off by the second unidirectional thyristor SCR2, which overcomes the voltage drop caused by the current limiting component R1 and affects the extinguishing of the mechanical switch K1. Arc effect, mechanical switch K1 has a long electrical life.
一种对本发明无涌流投切装置的控制方法，见图1，在接通过程中，控制单元(A)先控制第一单向晶闸管SCR1过零导通，控制单元(A)控制机械开关K1 在第一单向晶闸管SCR1导通后至下一个电流零点区间闭合，用于减少第一单向晶闸管SCR1导通时间，提高其过载力，在分断过程中，控制单元(A)控制机械开关K1在第一单向晶闸管SCR1的阳极对第一单向晶闸管SCR1的阴极为正电位的峰值(即通过机械开关K1电流的峰值)后至第二个电流零点区间分断，减少限流元件R1对机械开关K1灭弧效果的影响。A control method for the non-inrush current switching device of the present invention is shown in FIG. 1. During the turn-on process, the control unit (A) first controls the zero-cross conduction of the first unidirectional thyristor SCR1, and the control unit (A) controls the mechanical switch K1. After the first unidirectional thyristor SCR1 is turned on to the next current zero point interval, the first unidirectional thyristor SCR1 is turned on to reduce the overloading time, and during the breaking process, the control unit (A) controls the mechanical switch K1. After the anode of the first unidirectional thyristor SCR1 is at the positive potential of the cathode of the first unidirectional thyristor SCR1 (ie, the peak of the current through the mechanical switch K1), the second current zero interval is broken, and the current limiting component R1 is reduced to the mechanical The effect of the arc-extinguishing effect of switch K1.
一种对本发明无涌流投切装置的控制方法，见图1，在接通过程中，控制单元(A)在第一单向晶闸管SCR1的阳极对第一单向晶闸管SCR1的阴极为为负电位时提供第一单向晶闸管SCR1导通控制信号，用于减少容性负载接通时负载电流对第一单向晶闸管SCR1冲击，当第一单向晶闸管SCR1的阳极对第一单向晶闸管SCR1的阴极过零正向偏置时，第一单向晶闸管SCR1无涌流导通，控制单元(A)控制机械开关K1在第一单向晶闸管SCR1导通后至下一个电流零点区间闭合，用于减少第一单向晶闸管SCR1导通时间，提高其过载力，在分断过程中，控制单元(A)控制机械开关K1在第二单向晶闸管SCR2的阳极对第二单向晶闸管SCR2的阴极为正电位时分断，克服限流元件R1对机械开关K1灭弧效果的影响。 A control method for the non-inrush current switching device of the present invention is shown in FIG. 1. During the turn-on process, the control unit (A) is at a negative potential to the cathode of the first unidirectional thyristor SCR1 at the anode of the first unidirectional thyristor SCR1. Providing a first thyristor SCR1 conduction control signal for reducing a load current on the first unidirectional thyristor SCR1 when the capacitive load is turned on, when the anode of the first unidirectional thyristor SCR1 is opposite to the first unidirectional thyristor SCR1 When the cathode zero-crossing is forward-biased, the first unidirectional thyristor SCR1 has no inrush current conduction, and the control unit (A) controls the mechanical switch K1 to be closed after the first unidirectional thyristor SCR1 is turned on to the next current zero point interval for reducing The first thyristor SCR1 is turned on to increase its overloading force. During the breaking process, the control unit (A) controls the mechanical switch K1 to be positive at the anode of the second unidirectional thyristor SCR2 and the cathode of the second unidirectional thyristor SCR2. When the time is broken, the influence of the current limiting element R1 on the arc extinguishing effect of the mechanical switch K1 is overcome.

Claims (10)

  1. 一种无涌流投切装置，包括一机械开关，其特征是：还包括第一单向晶闸管、第二单向晶闸管、一控制单元、一限流元件，所述第一单向晶闸管与所述限流元件串联而成串联电路，所述串联电路与所述第二单向晶闸管并联，所述机械开关主回路两端与所述第二单向晶闸管并联，所述控制单元与所述机械开关的控制端连接，所述控制单元与所述第一单向晶闸管、所述第二单向晶闸管连接，所述控制单元预存有所述机械开关的动作时间参数。A non-inrush current switching device includes a mechanical switch, further comprising: a first unidirectional thyristor, a second unidirectional thyristor, a control unit, a current limiting component, the first unidirectional thyristor and the The current limiting component is connected in series to form a series circuit, the series circuit is connected in parallel with the second unidirectional thyristor, and both ends of the mechanical switch main circuit are connected in parallel with the second unidirectional thyristor, the control unit and the mechanical switch The control terminal is connected, the control unit is connected to the first unidirectional thyristor and the second unidirectional thyristor, and the control unit prestores an action time parameter of the mechanical switch.
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的无涌流投切装置，其特征是：在接通过程中，所述控制单元控制所述机械开关在所述第一单向晶闸管过零导通后至下一个电流零点区间闭合。The non-inrush current switching device according to claim 1, wherein during the turning-on, the control unit controls the mechanical switch to switch to the next current zero after the first thyristor is turned on and off. The interval is closed.
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的无涌流投切装置，其特征是：在接通过程中，所述控制单元在所述第一单向晶闸管的阳极对所述第一单向晶闸管的阴极为负电位时提供所述第一单向晶闸管导通控制信号。The non-inrush current switching device according to claim 2, wherein the control unit has a negative potential to the cathode of the first unidirectional thyristor at an anode of the first unidirectional thyristor during turn-on The first unidirectional thyristor conduction control signal is provided.
  4. 根据权利要求2所述的无涌流投切装置，其特征是：在分断过程中，所述控制单元控制所述机械开关在所述第一单向晶闸管的阳极对所述第一单向晶闸管的阴极为正电位的峰值后至第二个电流零点区间分断。The non-inrush current switching device according to claim 2, wherein said control unit controls said mechanical switch at an anode of said first unidirectional thyristor to said first unidirectional thyristor during a breaking process The cathode is separated from the peak of the positive potential to the second current zero interval.
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的无涌流投切装置，其特征是：在分断过程中，所述控制单元控制所述机械开关在所述第二单向晶闸管的阳极对所述第二单向晶闸管的阴极为正电位时分断。The non-inrush current switching device according to claim 4, wherein in the breaking process, the control unit controls the mechanical switch at an anode of the second unidirectional thyristor to the second unidirectional thyristor When the cathode is at a positive potential, it is broken.
  6. 根据权利要求1所述的无涌流投切装置，其特征是：所述限流元件为一限流电阻。The non-inrush current switching device according to claim 1, wherein the current limiting element is a current limiting resistor.
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的无涌流投切装置，其特征是：所述限流电阻为一电阻丝。The non-inrush current switching device according to claim 6, wherein the current limiting resistor is a resistance wire.
  8. 根据权利要求1所述的无涌流投切装置，其特征是：所述机械开关为一电磁开关，所述机械开关的控制端为所述电磁开关的控制线圈。The non-inrush current switching device according to claim 1, wherein the mechanical switch is an electromagnetic switch, and the control end of the mechanical switch is a control coil of the electromagnetic switch.
  9. 根据权利要求1至8任一项所述的无涌流投切装置的控制方法，其特征是：在接通过程中，所述控制单元先控制所述第一单向晶闸管过零导通，所述控制单元控制所述机械开关在所述第一单向晶闸管导通后至下一个电流零点区间闭合，在分断过程中，所述控制单元控制所述机械开关在所述第一单向晶闸管的阳极对所述第一单向晶闸管的阴极为正电位的峰值后至第二个电流零点区间分断。 The control method of the non-inrush current switching device according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the control unit first controls the zero-cross conduction of the first unidirectional thyristor during the turning-on process. The control unit controls the mechanical switch to close after the first unidirectional thyristor is turned on to the next current zero point interval, and during the breaking process, the control unit controls the mechanical switch in the first unidirectional thyristor The anode is separated from the cathode of the first unidirectional thyristor by a peak of a positive potential to a second current zero interval.
  10. 根据权利要求9所述的无涌流投切装置的控制方法，其特征是：在接通过程中，所述控制单元在所述第一单向晶闸管的阳极对所述第一单向晶闸管的阴极为为负电位时提供所述第一单向晶闸管导通控制信号，所述控制单元控制所述机械开关在所述第一单向晶闸管导通后至下一个电流零点区间闭合，在分断过程中，所述控制单元控制所述机械开关在所述第二单向晶闸管的阳极对所述第二单向晶闸管的阴极为正电位时分断。 A method of controlling a non-inrush switching device according to claim 9, wherein said control unit controls a cathode of said first unidirectional thyristor at an anode of said first unidirectional thyristor during switching-on In order to provide the first unidirectional thyristor conduction control signal when the potential is negative, the control unit controls the mechanical switch to close after the first unidirectional thyristor is turned on to the next current zero point interval, during the breaking process. The control unit controls the mechanical switch to be broken when the anode of the second unidirectional thyristor is positive to the cathode of the second unidirectional thyristor.
PCT/CN2016/092015 2015-02-27 2016-07-28 Inrush-current free switching device and control method thereof WO2017016501A1 (en)

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