WO2017016446A1 - 一种防高频干扰的rf天线阻抗匹配电路及其设计方法 - Google Patents

一种防高频干扰的rf天线阻抗匹配电路及其设计方法 Download PDF

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WO2017016446A1
WO2017016446A1 PCT/CN2016/090996 CN2016090996W WO2017016446A1 WO 2017016446 A1 WO2017016446 A1 WO 2017016446A1 CN 2016090996 W CN2016090996 W CN 2016090996W WO 2017016446 A1 WO2017016446 A1 WO 2017016446A1
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capacitor
matching circuit
inductor
connection wire
antenna
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PCT/CN2016/090996
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English (en)
French (fr)
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涂锂程
蒋锦扬
吴钦钦
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福建联迪商用设备有限公司
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q23/00—Antennas with active circuits or circuit elements integrated within them or attached to them
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
    • H03H—IMPEDANCE NETWORKS, e.g. RESONANT CIRCUITS; RESONATORS
    • H03H11/00—Networks using active elements

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  • the present invention relates to the field of antennas, and in particular to an RF antenna impedance matching circuit for preventing high frequency interference and a design method thereof.
  • the RF antenna matching circuit for the 13.56 MHz band often only performs impedance matching for its own operating frequency of 13.53 MHz, and lacks filtering effect for a specific frequency band outside the working band.
  • the conventional impedance matching circuit does not have a high frequency suppression function, and the low frequency signal and the high frequency signal can smoothly pass through the impedance matching network, and the high frequency signal is coupled to the GPRS antenna through the RF antenna, causing mutual interference.
  • the Chinese invention patent CN102544773A discloses a POS machine with multiple modules sharing antennas, wherein the multi-module shared antenna includes an antenna. a body and a radiation piece, the antenna body being vertically fixed to the radiation piece, the antenna body comprising a substrate, a five-frequency antenna and a 2.4G antenna, between a tail of the five-frequency antenna and a head of the 2.4G antenna With a spacing of 7mm-13mm.
  • the above antenna solves the signal interference problem between different communication modes to a certain extent, it causes a lot of positions to be reserved in the structural design; at the same time, because the current handheld device is getting smaller and smaller, even two antennas It is very far away, and there is a high probability that there will be mutual interference and affect the quality of communication.
  • the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to suppress radio frequency spurious coupling interference of different antennas.
  • an RF antenna impedance matching circuit for preventing high frequency interference comprising a first port A and a second port B, respectively connected to the RFID module and the RF antenna;
  • a port A includes a connection line A+ and a connection line A-
  • the second port B includes a connection line B+ and a connection line B-;
  • an inductance L is connected between the connection line A+ and the connection line B+, and the connection line A - and is connected between a connection line B- inductor L '; wherein: the connecting line are connected to a capacitor C 1 and a capacitor C 1 connected between the B + and B- wires and the ground line GND'; the connection A capacitor C 2 and an inductor L 2 are further connected between the line B+ and the ground line GND.
  • the capacitor C 2 and the inductor L 2 are connected in series, wherein one end of the capacitor C 2 is connected to the connecting line B+ and the other end is connected to one end of the inductor L 2 .
  • the other end of the inductor L 2 is connected to the ground line GND; a capacitor C 2 ′ and an inductor L 2 ′ are further connected between the connecting line B- and the ground line GND, and the capacitor C 2 ′ and the inductor L 2 ′ are connected in series wherein the capacitance C 2 'and the cable end B-, and the other end of the inductor L 2' has one end connected electrically L 2 'and the other end connected to the ground line GND.
  • the present invention also discloses a method for preventing high-frequency interference of RF antenna design impedance matching circuit: said first high frequency determining capacitance C 2 in accordance with the parameter value, such that the inductance L and capacitance C 2 in the series arrangement 2 He said high frequency is turned on to ground; and then debug the matching circuit, determining parameter values of the capacitor C 1.
  • the invention has the beneficial effects that: by dividing the matching capacitance of the conventional impedance matching circuit into two parallel capacitors, the capacitance value of the capacitor is reasonably selected to ensure the matching performance of the circuit itself and the high frequency of the specific frequency outside the working frequency band can be suppressed. Stray, improve the performance of wireless communication and RFID card reading performance, improve the user experience.
  • 1 is a prior art RF antenna impedance matching circuit
  • Embodiment 3 is an RF antenna impedance matching circuit according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
  • FIG. 5 is a high frequency equivalent circuit diagram of an impedance matching circuit according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
  • the most critical idea of the present invention is to disassemble the matching capacitor at the antenna end of the existing RF antenna matching circuit. Divided into two parallel capacitors.
  • an RF antenna impedance matching circuit for preventing high frequency interference includes a first port A and a second port B respectively connected to an RFID module and an RF antenna;
  • the first port A includes a connection line A+ and a connection Line A-
  • the second port B includes a connection line B+ and a connection line B-;
  • an inductance L is connected between the connection line A+ and the connection line B+, and the connection between the connection line A- and the connection line B- It has an inductance L '; the connecting line between B + and the connection line B- and the ground line GND are respectively connected a capacitor C.
  • the connecting line between B + and the ground line GND is also connected to a capacitor C 2 and the inductor L 2, a capacitor C 2 and the inductance L 2 connected in series, wherein the capacitance C 2 end connected to line B +, and the other end of the inductance L 2 at one end is connected to the inductor L 2 and the other end to the ground line GND is connected;
  • the A capacitor C 2 ′ and an inductor L 2 ′ are further connected between the connecting line B- and the grounding line GND, and the capacitor C 2 ′ and the inductor L 2 ′ are connected in series, wherein one end of the capacitor C 2 ′ is connected with the connecting line B- , the other end of the inductor L 2 'is connected at one end, the inductance L 2' and the other end connected to the ground line GND.
  • the present invention also discloses a method for preventing high-frequency interference of RF antenna design impedance matching circuit: said first high frequency determining capacitance C 2 in accordance with the parameter value, such that the inductance L and capacitance C 2 in the series arrangement 2 He said high frequency is turned on to ground; and then debug the matching circuit, determining parameter values of the capacitor C 1.
  • the beneficial effects of the present invention are: by splitting the matching capacitance of the conventional impedance matching circuit into two parallel capacitors, the capacitance value of the capacitor is reasonably selected to ensure the matching performance of the circuit itself and the outside of the working frequency band can be suppressed. High-frequency spurs at specific frequencies, improve the performance of wireless communications and RFID card reading performance, and improve the user experience.
  • a capacitor Cp and a capacitor Cp' are respectively connected between the connection line A+ and the connection line A- and the ground line GND.
  • the impedance matching performance of the RFID module end can be further improved.
  • the parameter values of the capacitor Cp′, the inductor L′, the capacitor C 1 ′, the capacitor C 2 ′, and the inductor L 2 ′ are respectively related to the capacitor Cp, the inductor L, the capacitor C 1 , the capacitor C 2 , and the inductor L 2 .
  • the parameter values are the same.
  • the inductance L 2 and the inductance L 2 ′ have an inductance value of 0.8 nH; the capacitance C 1 and the capacitance C 1 ′ have a capacitance value of 80.9 pF; and the capacitance values of the capacitance C 2 and the capacitance C 2 ′ It is 39.1 pF; the high frequency is 900 MHz.
  • a first embodiment of the present invention is an RF antenna impedance matching circuit for preventing high frequency interference, comprising a first port A and a second port B, respectively connected to an RFID module and an RF antenna; ports A and B; Two symmetric connecting lines are respectively included, the first port A includes a connecting line A+ and a connecting line A-, and the second port B includes a connecting line B+ and a connecting line B-.
  • connection line A+ to the connection line B+ Take the connection line A+ to the connection line B+ as an example for explanation: the connection line A+ and the connection line B+ are connected by the series inductance L; one end of the inductance L is connected with the connection line A+ and the parallel capacitance Cp is connected to the ground line GND; the other end of the inductance L is connected B + connection line parallel capacitance C 1 and the ground line to the GND; in addition, in the connection line terminal B + through the series inductance of the capacitor C 2 and inductance L 2 constituting a resonant circuit capacitor connected to the ground line GND.
  • the circuit of the connection line A- to the connection line B- is symmetrical with respect to the connection line A+ to the connection line B+ with respect to the ground line GND.
  • Cp, L, C 1 , and C 2 jointly implement impedance matching of the RFID coil antenna, and the C 2 capacitor and the L 2 inductor form a self-resonant circuit for filtering capacitance of the high-frequency signal, and the high-frequency signal arrives. This capacitor will then be directed to GND without reaching the RFID coil antenna causing coupling interference between the antennas.
  • Cp', L', C 1 ', C 2 ', L 2 ' are symmetrical portions in the coil antenna, and their values are the same as Cp, L, C 1 , C 2 , and L 2 .
  • L 2 is small due to the low frequency signal generated by the impedance, in the actual circuit in impedance is negligible, thereby forming
  • the equivalent circuit removes L 2 and retains the parallel capacitors C 1 and C 2 .
  • the impedance matching circuit is the same as the original matching circuit, and the capacitance C in the original circuit is realized by the parallel capacitors C 1 and C 2 .
  • the high-frequency equivalent circuit of the matching circuit of the present invention in order to avoid interference of high-frequency signals, set appropriate parameters such that the high-frequency signal has a common impedance value of the resonant circuit formed by the capacitor C 2 and the inductor L 2 . It is 0, that is to say, the signal at this frequency is completely shorted to the ground line GND, and the high frequency signal will not pass through the impedance matching circuit.
  • the parameter design method of the impedance matching circuit of the first embodiment will be further described by taking the RF frequency of 13.53 MHz and suppressing the high frequency of 900 MHz as an example.
  • the parameters of the capacitor C 2 of the present invention are determined according to the frequency of the high frequency spurs to be suppressed, and the parameters of the capacitor C 1 are based on the impedance of the RFID antenna to be matched, that is, the capacitance in the original circuit.
  • the parameters of C and capacitor C 2 are determined. The calculation method of the parameters of the capacitors C 1 and C 2 will be described in detail below.
  • L 2 is often a parasitic parameter of C 2 , so the L 2 parameter is small, and the L 2 inductance value is 0.8 nH according to the existing process level.
  • the impedance of the signal passing through the capacitor C 2 is Z c
  • the impedance of the signal passing through the inductor L 2 is Z L .
  • C 2 39.1 pF
  • the impedance of capacitor C 2 is:
  • the matching circuit of the present invention can also be applied to other frequencies, and the parameters of the capacitors C 1 and C 2 can be adjusted according to the above method.
  • the RF antenna impedance matching circuit and the design method thereof for preventing high frequency interference provided by the present invention divide the matching capacitance of the conventional impedance matching circuit into two parallel capacitors, and reasonably select the capacitance value of the capacitor to ensure The circuit itself can match the performance while suppressing high frequency spurs at specific frequencies outside the working frequency band, improving the performance of wireless communication and the card reading performance of RFID, and improving the user experience.

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Abstract

一种防高频干扰的RF天线阻抗匹配电路及其设计方法，所述电路包括第一端口A和第二端口B，分别连接于RFID模块和RF天线；所述第一端口A包括连接线A+和连接线A-，所述第二端口B包括连接线B+和连接线B-；所述连接线A+和连接线B+之间连接有一电感L；所述连接线B+与接地线GND之间连接有一电容C 1；所述连接线B+与接地线GND之间还串联连接有一电容C 2和电感L 2；连接线A-到连接线B-的电路与连接线A+到连接线B+相对于接地线GND对称。通过将传统阻抗匹配电路的匹配电容拆分成两个并联的电容C 1和C 2，合理选择电容的电容值，保证电路本身匹配性能的同时能够抑制工作频段外的特定频率的高频杂散，提升无线通信的性能。

Description

一种防高频干扰的RF天线阻抗匹配电路及其设计方法 技术领域
本发明涉及天线领域，尤其涉及一种防高频干扰的RF天线阻抗匹配电路及其设计方法。
背景技术
随着通信技术的发展，GPRS/CDMA/3G等不同工作频率的通讯方式越来越多。同时随着人们消费观念的改变，刷卡消费已经占了相当大的比例，手持式支付POS的应用越来越广，而手持式支付POS机小小空间内通常都会同时包含GPRS系统和RFID系统，需要安装各自频段的天线，工作时产生不同频段的信号通过天线相互耦合造成干扰。
目前针对13.56MHz频段的RF天线匹配电路中往往只起到了针对自身工作频率13.53MHz的阻抗匹配，而缺乏对该工作频段外特定频段的滤波作用。如图1所示，传统的阻抗匹配电路不具备高频抑制功能，低频信号和高频信号都能顺利通过阻抗匹配网络，高频信号通过RF天线耦合到GPRS天线上，相互造成干扰。
为了避免干扰，目前常见做法还有将天线各自放置在不同的地方，通常会选择尽量远的地方，中国发明专利公开CN102544773A公开了一种多模块共用天线的POS机，其中多模块共用天线包括天线本体和辐射片，所述天线本体与所述辐射片垂直固定，所述天线本体包括基板、五频天线和2.4G天线，所述五频天线的尾部和所述2.4G天线的头部之间设有7mm-13mm的间隔间距。上述天线虽然在一定程度上解决了不同通讯模式间的信号干扰问题，但是却造成了结构设计时要预留出较多的位置；同时，由于现在的手持设备越做越小，即使两个天线离得很远，也很有可能存在相互之间的干扰，影响通讯质量。
发明内容
本发明所要解决的技术问题是：抑制不同天线的射频杂散耦合干扰。
为了解决上述技术问题，本发明采用的技术方案为：一种防高频干扰的RF天线阻抗匹配电路，包括第一端口A和第二端口B，分别连接于RFID模块和 RF天线；所述第一端口A包括连接线A+和连接线A-，所述第二端口B包括连接线B+和连接线B-；所述连接线A+和连接线B+之间连接有一电感L，所述连接线A-和连接线B-之间连接有一电感L’；其特征在于：所述连接线B+和连接线B-与接地线GND之间分别连接有一电容C1和一电容C1’；所述连接线B+与接地线GND之间还连接有一电容C2和电感L2，所述电容C2和电感L2串联连接，其中电容C2一端与连接线B+连接，另一端与电感L2一端连接，电感L2另一端与接地线GND连接；所述连接线B-与接地线GND之间还连接有一电容C2’和电感L2’，所述电容C2’和电感L2’串联连接，其中电容C2’一端与连接线B-连接，另一端与电感L2’一端连接，电感L2’另一端与接地线GND连接。
本发明还公开了上述防高频干扰的RF天线阻抗匹配电路的设计方法：首先根据所述高频频率确定电容C2的参数值，使得所述电容C2和电感L2的串联结构在所述高频频率上对地导通；然后调试所述匹配电路，确定所述电容C1的参数值。
本发明的有益效果在于：通过将传统阻抗匹配电路的匹配电容拆分成两个并联的电容，合理选择电容的电容值，保证电路本身匹配性能的同时能够抑制工作频段外的特定频率的高频杂散，提升无线通信的性能以及RFID的读卡性能，改善用户体验。
附图说明
图1为现有技术的RF天线阻抗匹配电路；
图2为本发明的RF天线阻抗匹配电路；
图3为本发明实施例一的RF天线阻抗匹配电路；
图4为本发明实施例一的阻抗匹配电路的低频等效电路图；
图5为本发明实施例一的阻抗匹配电路的高频等效电路图。
具体实施方式
为详细说明本发明的技术内容、所实现目的及效果，以下结合实施方式并配合附图予以说明。
本发明最关键的构思在于：将现有RF天线匹配电路中天线端的匹配电容拆 分为两个并联的电容。
请参照图2，一种防高频干扰的RF天线阻抗匹配电路，包括第一端口A和第二端口B，分别连接于RFID模块和RF天线；所述第一端口A包括连接线A+和连接线A-，所述第二端口B包括连接线B+和连接线B-；所述连接线A+和连接线B+之间连接有一电感L，所述连接线A-和连接线B-之间连接有一电感L’；所述连接线B+和连接线B-与接地线GND之间分别连接有一电容C1和一电容C1’；所述连接线B+与接地线GND之间还连接有一电容C2和电感L2，所述电容C2和电感L2串联连接，其中电容C2一端与连接线B+连接，另一端与电感L2一端连接，电感L2另一端与接地线GND连接；所述连接线B-与接地线GND之间还连接有一电容C2’和电感L2’，所述电容C2’和电感L2’串联连接，其中电容C2’一端与连接线B-连接，另一端与电感L2’一端连接，电感L2’另一端与接地线GND连接。
本发明还公开了上述防高频干扰的RF天线阻抗匹配电路的设计方法：首先根据所述高频频率确定电容C2的参数值，使得所述电容C2和电感L2的串联结构在所述高频频率上对地导通；然后调试所述匹配电路，确定所述电容C1的参数值。
从上述描述可知，本发明的有益效果在于：通过将传统阻抗匹配电路的匹配电容拆分成两个并联的电容，合理选择电容的电容值，保证电路本身匹配性能的同时能够抑制工作频段外的特定频率的高频杂散，提升无线通信的性能以及RFID的读卡性能，改善用户体验。
进一步的，所述连接线A+和连接线A-与接地线GND之间分别连接有一电容Cp和一电容Cp’。
由上述描述可知，可以进一步提高RFID模块端的阻抗匹配性能。
进一步的，所述电容Cp’、电感L’、电容C1’、电容C2’、电感L2’的参数值分别与电容Cp、电感L、电容C1、电容C2、电感L2的参数值相同。
进一步的，所述电感L2和电感L2’的电感值为0.8nH；所述电容C1和电容C1’的电容值为80.9pF；所述电容C2和电容C2’的电容值为39.1pF；所述高频频率为900MHz。
由上述描述可知，能够有效抑制900MHz频率对RF天线造成的干扰。
实施例一
请参照图3，本发明的实施例一为：一种防高频干扰的RF天线阻抗匹配电路，包括第一端口A和第二端口B，分别连接于RFID模块和RF天线；端口A、B分别包含了两条对称的连接线，所述第一端口A包括连接线A+和连接线A-，所述第二端口B包括连接线B+和连接线B-。以连接线A+到连接线B+为例进行说明：连接线A+和连接线B+之间通过串联电感L进行连接；电感L一端连接连接线A+且并联电容Cp到接地线GND；电感L另一端连接连接线B+且并联电容C1到接地线GND；此外在连接线B+端通过串联的电容C2和电感L2构成一个电容电感谐振电路连接到接地线GND。连接线A-到连接线B-的电路与连接线A+到连接线B+相对于接地线GND对称。
在本实施例中，Cp、L、C1、C2共同实现RFID线圈天线的阻抗匹配，C2电容与L2电感构成自谐振电路用于对高频信号的滤波电容，高频信号在到达此电容后将会被引向GND而不会抵达RFID线圈天线造成天线之间的耦合干扰。Cp’、L’、C1’、C2’、L2’作为线圈天线中的对称部分，其值与Cp、L、C1、C2、L2相同。
下面分析本发明的工作原理，如图4所示是本发明匹配电路的低频等效电路，由于L2对于低频信号所产生的阻抗很小，在实际电路中此阻抗可忽略不计，由此形成的等效电路中除去L2，保留并联的电容C1和C2。此时，此阻抗匹配电路与原匹配电路一样，由并联的电容C1和C2共同实现原电路中电容C。
如图5所示是本发明匹配电路的高频等效电路，为避免高频信号的干扰，设置合适的参数使得高频信号在通过电容C2和电感L2构成的谐振电路的共同阻抗值为0，也就是说在此频率上的信号完全对接地线GND短路，此时高频信号将无法通过阻抗匹配电路。
实施例二
在本实施例中将以RF频率13.53MHz，抑制高频900MHz为例对实施例一的阻抗匹配电路的参数设计方法做进一步的说明。
根据上述工作原理，本发明电容C2的参数根据需要抑制的高频杂散的频率来确定，电容C1的参数则根据所需匹配的RFID天线的阻抗，也就是说原有电路中的电容C以及电容C2的参数进行确定。下面详细介绍电容C1、C2的参数计算方法。
首先需要确定电容C2的参数。在实际的应用中L2往往是C2的寄生参数，因此L2参数很小，按照现有的工艺水平，可选L2电感值为0.8nH。
在电感电容串联电路中，信号通过电容C2的阻抗为Zc，信号通过电感L2的阻抗为ZL。
其中交流信号电容阻抗公式：
Figure PCTCN2016090996-appb-000001
交流信号电感阻抗公式：ZL＝jL2ω
其中角速度ω与信号频率f的关系：ω＝2πf
因此，串联电容C2电感L2的总阻抗为：
Figure PCTCN2016090996-appb-000002
根据本实施例的目的，要使得高频900MHz频率上的信号对地导通，也就是说在此频率上Z＝0，此时C2和L2关系式如下：
Figure PCTCN2016090996-appb-000003
根据前面所述，f＝900MHz＝9×108Hz，L2＝0.8nH＝8×10-10H，可以得出C2＝39.1pF。
下面说明根据低频信号通路确定电容C1参数的方法，当RF频率为13.56MHz的交流信号通过匹配电路时：
电容C2的阻抗为：
Figure PCTCN2016090996-appb-000004
电感L2的阻抗为：ZL＝jL2ω＝j6.82*10-2
从上述结果可知，对于低频13.56MHz的频率，电容C2产生的阻抗值远大 于电感L2产生的阻抗值Zc>>ZL，因此，电容C2和电感L2的总阻抗Z＝Zc+ZL≈Zc。由于电容C1、C2为并联关系，实际对于RFID线圈天线的阻抗匹配在C2已确定的基础上，C1可通过C1＝C-C2确定，其中C根据原匹配电路调试确定。假设原RFID线圈天线匹配电路中C取值为120pF，则C1＝C-C2＝120pF-39.1pF＝80.9pF。
本发明的匹配电路也可适用于其他频率，根据上述方法调整电容C1、C2的参数即可。
综上所述，本发明提供的防高频干扰的RF天线阻抗匹配电路及其设计方法，通过将传统阻抗匹配电路的匹配电容拆分成两个并联的电容，合理选择电容的电容值，保证电路本身匹配性能的同时能够抑制工作频段外的特定频率的高频杂散，提升无线通信的性能以及RFID的读卡性能，改善用户体验。

Claims (7)

  1. 一种防高频干扰的RF天线阻抗匹配电路，包括第一端口A和第二端口B，分别连接于RFID模块和RF天线；所述第一端口A包括连接线A+和连接线A-，所述第二端口B包括连接线B+和连接线B-；所述连接线A+和连接线B+之间连接有一电感L，所述连接线A-和连接线B-之间连接有一电感L’；其特征在于：所述连接线B+和连接线B-与接地线GND之间分别连接有一电容C1和一电容C1’；所述连接线B+与接地线GND之间还连接有一电容C2和电感L2，所述电容C2和电感L2串联连接，其中电容C2一端与连接线B+连接，另一端与电感L2一端连接，电感L2另一端与接地线GND连接；所述连接线B-与接地线GND之间还连接有一电容C2’和电感L2’，所述电容C2’和电感L2’串联连接，其中电容C2’一端与连接线B-连接，另一端与电感L2’一端连接，电感L2’另一端与接地线GND连接。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的RF天线阻抗匹配电路，其特征在于：所述连接线A+和连接线A-与接地线GND之间分别连接有一电容Cp和一电容Cp’。
  3. 根据权利要求1或2所述的RF天线阻抗匹配电路，其特征在于：所述电容Cp’、电感L’、电容C1’、电容C2’、电感L2’的参数值分别与电容Cp、电感L、电容C1、电容C2、电感L2的参数值相同。
  4. 根据权利要求1或2所述的RF天线阻抗匹配电路，其特征在于：所述电感L2和电感L2’的电感值为0.8nH；所述电容C1和电容C1’的电容值为80.9pF；所述电容C2和电容C2’的电容值为39.1pF。
  5. 根据权利要求1或2所述的RF天线阻抗匹配电路，其特征在于：所述高频频率为900MHz。
  6. 一种如权利要求1所述防高频干扰的RF天线阻抗匹配电路的设计方法，其特征在于：
    首先根据所述高频频率确定电容C2的参数值，使得所述电容C2和电感L2的串联结构在所述高频频率上对地导通；
    然后调试所述匹配电路，确定所述电容C1的参数值。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的防高频干扰的RF天线阻抗匹配电路的设计方法，其特征在于：所述高频频率为900MHz。
PCT/CN2016/090996 2015-07-28 2016-07-22 一种防高频干扰的rf天线阻抗匹配电路及其设计方法 WO2017016446A1 (zh)

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