WO2017016365A1 - 用于径向轴承的预紧装置及悬臂轴安装结构 - Google Patents

用于径向轴承的预紧装置及悬臂轴安装结构 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2017016365A1
WO2017016365A1 PCT/CN2016/087564 CN2016087564W WO2017016365A1 WO 2017016365 A1 WO2017016365 A1 WO 2017016365A1 CN 2016087564 W CN2016087564 W CN 2016087564W WO 2017016365 A1 WO2017016365 A1 WO 2017016365A1
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Prior art keywords
radial
radial bearing
cantilever shaft
pretensioning device
bearing
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PCT/CN2016/087564
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
杜齐亚克•马克
石志斌
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Schaeffler Technologies AG and Co KG
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Schaeffler Technologies AG and Co KG
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C19/00—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement
    • F16C19/54—Systems consisting of a plurality of bearings with rolling friction
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C25/00—Bearings for exclusively rotary movement adjustable for wear or play
    • F16C25/06—Ball or roller bearings
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C19/00—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement
    • F16C19/22—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with bearing rollers essentially of the same size in one or more circular rows, e.g. needle bearings
    • F16C19/24—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with bearing rollers essentially of the same size in one or more circular rows, e.g. needle bearings for radial load mainly
    • F16C19/26—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with bearing rollers essentially of the same size in one or more circular rows, e.g. needle bearings for radial load mainly with a single row of rollers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C23/00—Bearings for exclusively rotary movement adjustable for aligning or positioning
    • F16C23/10—Bearings, parts of which are eccentrically adjustable with respect to each other

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a pretensioning device, and more particularly to a pretensioning device for a radial bearing, in particular a pretensioning device for a radial bearing in a cantilever structure of a screw compressor.
  • the invention also relates to a cantilever shaft mounting structure comprising the pretensioning device.
  • a radial bearing arrangement (such as the radial bearing mounting mechanism 40 in Fig. 1) arranged in parallel is applied to make the rigidity of the cantilever shaft of the suction side of the male rotor in the screw compressor more rigid. High and not flexible.
  • FIG. 1 A schematic view of a radial bearing mounting structure of the prior art (screw compressor) is shown in FIG.
  • the motor 10 is coupled to the male rotor 20 via the cantilever shaft 50, and the male rotor 20 and the female rotor 30 are threadedly engaged, and the male rotor 20 and the female rotor 30 are also coupled to the compressor ( Not shown) to make a connection.
  • a radial bearing mounting mechanism 40 is disposed on the cantilever shaft 50 to reinforce the rigidity of the cantilever shaft 50.
  • the radial bearing mounting mechanism 40 includes two radial bearings 401 that are juxtaposed on the cantilever shaft 50 and have the same size and configuration; a sleeve 402 that is disposed in two radial directions Between the bearings 401 as positioning members for axially positioning the two radial bearings 401 in the axial direction of the cantilever shaft 50; and a seat 403 disposed radially outward of the two radial bearings 401 and with two The radial bearing 401 abuts and the seat 403 is used to limit the radial bearing 401 in the radial direction.
  • the radially-sized bearing 401 having a generally large size is preferably high in rigidity
  • the radial bearings 401 arranged side by side have a risk of slipping.
  • the bearing manufacturing tolerances mainly referred to as the post-installation interference between the bearing and the cantilever shaft may be different
  • the influence of the shaft deflection the radial load is unevenly distributed to the radial bearings 401 arranged side by side.
  • even only one of the two radial bearings 401 is subjected to a radial load and the other radial bearing is completely unloaded.
  • the stiffness of the cantilever shaft 50 not increased as desired, but the risk of slippage of the radial bearing 401 is also increased.
  • the present invention has been made to overcome the above-discussed deficiencies of the prior art, and it is an object of the present invention to provide a pretensioning device for a radial bearing that avoids slippage of a radial bearing and optimizes load distribution in a radial bearing and includes the pretensioning The cantilever shaft mounting structure of the device.
  • the present invention can adopt the following technical solutions.
  • the present invention provides a pretensioning device for a radial bearing, the pretensioning device being mounted to a radial bearing mounting mechanism comprising: a cantilever shaft; a radial bearing mounted on the cantilever shaft or a cantilever shaft At least two radial bearings mounted axially side by side on the cantilever shaft; and a seat that abuts the radial bearing from the radially outer side and limits the radial bearing in the radial direction, the pretensioning device and the diameter
  • the bearing is juxtaposed to the cantilever shaft, and the pretensioning device produces a preload force on the cantilever shaft in the radial direction of the cantilever shaft, the preloading force pressing the radial bearing against the seat and being pretensioned.
  • the pretensioning device comprises: a preload generating member disposed in the hole of the seat and configured to generate a preload; and a connecting member mounted to the cantilever shaft and one end of the preload generating member pressed against the connecting member The pre-tightening force is generated by the pre-tightening force of the connecting member and the pre-tightening force is transmitted to the cantilever shaft.
  • the pretensioning device further includes an adjustment member mounted to the hole, and the adjustment member abuts against the other end of the pretension generating member such that the adjustment is made by adjusting the position of the adjustment member
  • the preload force produces a preload force generated by the component.
  • the pre-tension generating member is a compression spring
  • the adjusting member is a pre-tightening bolt
  • the magnitude of the pre-tightening force generated by the compression spring is adjusted by adjusting the length of the pre-tightening bolt extending into the hole.
  • the connecting member is a sliding bearing or a rolling bearing, and the radial dimension of the sliding bearing or the rolling bearing is smaller than the radial dimension of the radial bearing.
  • a plurality of pretensioning devices are arranged along the circumference of the cantilever shaft.
  • At least two radial bearings are mounted side by side on the cantilever shaft, and a positioning member for positioning the radial bearing in the axial direction of the cantilever shaft is provided between the adjacent two radial bearings.
  • the pretensioning device is disposed between the adjacent two radial bearings and disposed adjacent to the positioning component, the pretensioning device further comprising an additional positioning component, the additional positioning component abutting the axial direction and the positioning component The preload is transmitted to the cantilever shaft via the additional positioning member.
  • the positioning component and/or the additional positioning component comprise a sleeve or spacer.
  • the present invention provides a cantilever shaft mounting structure including a cantilever shaft; a radial bearing mounted to the cantilever shaft or at least two radial bearings mounted side by side in the axial direction of the cantilever shaft to the cantilever shaft; And a seat that abuts the radial bearing from the radially outer side and limits the radial bearing in the radial direction, and the cantilever shaft mounting structure further includes a pretensioning device adopting any one of the above technical solutions.
  • the present invention provides a pretensioning device for a radial bearing and a cantilever shaft mounting structure including the same, which avoid radial bearing slippage and optimize load distribution in a radial bearing.
  • the pretensioning device can be used to radially preload the radial bearing.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic view showing a mounting structure of a prior art radial bearing
  • Figure 2 is a schematic view showing the mounting structure of a radial bearing to which the pretensioning device of the present invention is mounted.
  • FIG. 3 is an enlarged schematic view showing a region A in FIG. 2.
  • a pretensioning device for a radial bearing in a screw compressor As shown in Figs. 2 and 3, the following specific embodiments of the present invention will be described by taking a pretensioning device for a radial bearing in a screw compressor as an example.
  • the motor 1 On one side of the male rotor 2, the motor 1 is coupled to the male rotor 2 via the cantilever shaft 5; and the male rotor 2 and the female rotor 3 are threadedly engaged; On the other side of the male rotor 2, the male rotor 2 and the female rotor 3 are connected to a compressor (not shown).
  • a radial bearing mounting mechanism 4 is disposed on the cantilever shaft 5 on one side of the male rotor 2, the radial bearing mounting mechanism 4 comprising: a cantilever shaft 5; a first radial bearing 41 and a second radial bearing 42, two diameters
  • the bearings 41, 42 are both rolling bearings, spaced apart from each other and juxtaposed on the cantilever shaft 5 and of the same size and configuration; a first sleeve assembly and a second sleeve assembly, the first sleeve assembly and The two sleeve assemblies are each disposed on the cantilever shaft 5 between the two radial bearings 41 (specifically, the first The sleeve assembly is disposed between the first radial bearing 41 and the pretensioning device described below, and the second sleeve assembly is disposed between the pretensioning device and the second radial bearing 42) and as the cantilever shaft 5 a positioning member that axially positions the two radial bearings 41 and 42, the first
  • a pretensioning device is disposed between the first sleeve assembly and the second sleeve assembly, the pretensioning device comprising: a bearing 46 disposed on the cantilever shaft 5 and located in the first inner sleeve 43A and the second inner sleeve 44A is axially abutted with the first inner sleeve 43A and the second inner sleeve 44A, and the bearing 46 serves as a connecting member for receiving a biasing force of a preload spring 47 to be described later (preload Force), in the present embodiment, the radial dimension of the bearing 46 is smaller than the radial dimension of the two radial bearings 41, 42; the third sleeve 49 abuts the bearing 46 from the radially outer side of the bearing 46 and Abutting the first outer sleeve 43B and the second outer sleeve 44B in the axial direction, the third sleeve 49 together with the first outer sleeve 43B and the second outer slee
  • the degree of compression of the pretension spring 47 is adjusted by adjusting the depth of the pretensioning bolt 48 extending into the hole of the seat 45, and the bolt is pretensioned.
  • the pretension spring 47 pressurizing the pretension spring 47 causes the pretension spring 47 to compress; after the compression spring 47 is compressed, it exerts a force on the third sleeve 49 and thus the bearing 46, and the bearing 46 further opposes the cantilever shaft 5 generating a force in the radial direction of the cantilever shaft 5; further, the first radial bearing 41 and the second radial bearing 42 are subjected to a radial force of the cantilever shaft 5, the force causing the two radial bearings 41 42 is pressed against the seat 45 to generate a force on the seat 45; under the action of the reaction force generated by the portion of the seat 45 opposite to the pretensioning device, the radial bearing 41, 42 is preloaded.
  • the radial bearings 41, 42 are only subjected to radial forces in a certain area in the circumferential direction, and the maximum load direction and the minimum load direction in this region have circumferentially At a certain angle, the direction of the urging force of the pretension spring 47 in the present embodiment is preferably along the direction of the minimum load.
  • the force in the minimum load direction can be increased, so that the loads of the entire radial bearings 41, 42 in the above-described certain regions tend to be averaged, achieving the object of the present invention.
  • the pretensioning apparatus of the present invention is described by taking only the radial bearing in the screw compressor as an example in the above embodiment, the present invention is not limited thereto. As long as the system or equipment or the like employs a mounting structure of a radial bearing similar to that described above, the pretensioning device of the present invention can be applied to pre-tensioning radial bearings in these systems or devices.
  • the present invention is not limited thereto.
  • the pretensioning device of the present invention can be applied to the case where only one radial bearing is used, and can also be applied to the case where three or more radial bearings are used.
  • the sleeve assembly as the positioning member in the above specific embodiment has two sleeves, respectively, the present invention is not limited thereto.
  • the sleeve assembly can be a sleeve having an inner ring portion and an outer ring portion as needed.
  • the positioning member and the connecting member of the present invention are not limited to the sleeve and the bearing described in the above embodiments, and for example, the positioning member may be a spacer or the like.
  • the pretensioning device in the above specific embodiment is disposed between the two sleeve assemblies, the invention is not limited thereto. Only one sleeve assembly can be provided and the pretensioning device can be placed on the one sleeve assembly One side.
  • the third sleeve provided in the above embodiment is not essential, and the pretension spring can be directly applied to the bearing as the connecting member if necessary.
  • the present invention is not limited thereto.
  • the present invention may include the case where a plurality of sets of pre-tightening bolts and pre-tensioning springs are arranged in the circumferential direction of the cantilever shaft as long as the plurality of sets of pre-tightening bolts and pre-tensioning springs are capable of generating a preload force requiring size and direction in the radial direction of the cantilever shaft. Just fine.
  • different pre-tensioning is achieved by positioning the pre-tensioning springs in different circumferential positions and by using different numbers of pre-tensioning springs, using pre-tensioning springs with different spring ratios, and by tightening and loosening the pre-tightening bolts
  • the compression level of the spring is different to adjust the direction of the preload.
  • the pretensioning device may be set in such a manner that two sets of pre-tightening bolts and pretensioning springs are provided at a certain angle in the circumferential direction of the cantilever shaft, and the spring ratios of the two pretensioning springs are different.
  • a specific embodiment of the present invention discloses the use of a pretension spring as a preload force generating member and discloses that the adjusting device for adjusting the degree of compression of the pretension spring is a pretensioning bolt, but the present invention is not limited thereto.
  • a suitable elastic body other than a spring for example, a spring washer, rubber, or the like
  • a plug, a pin, or the like may be used to fix the pretension spring.
  • the risk of failure of the radial bearing due to slippage during operation can be effectively avoided; the load distribution between the radial bearings arranged side by side can be improved; the structure of the cantilever shaft can be improved rigidity. And because the bearing minimum load requirement is no longer a limiting parameter for bearing selection during system or equipment design, the rigidity of the cantilever shaft structure can be further improved by using a larger bearing at this location.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Mounting Of Bearings Or Others (AREA)
  • Support Of The Bearing (AREA)

Abstract

一种预紧装置以及包括该预紧装置的悬臂轴安装结构。该预紧装置装配于径向轴承安装机构，径向轴承安装机构包括：悬臂轴（5）；安装于悬臂轴（5）的一个径向轴承或在悬臂轴的轴向上并列地安装于悬臂轴的至少两个径向轴承（41、42）；以及座（45），座（45）从径向外侧抵接于径向轴承（41、42）并在径向上对径向轴承（41、42）进行限位，预紧装置与径向轴承（41、42）并列地布置于悬臂轴（5），并且预紧装置沿悬臂轴（5）的径向对悬臂轴产生预紧力，预紧力使得径向轴承（41、42）压靠座（45）并被预紧。本发明的径向轴承预紧装置及包括该预紧装置的悬臂轴安装结构可以避免径向轴承打滑并且优化径向轴承中的载荷分布。

Description

用于径向轴承的预紧装置及悬臂轴安装结构
相关申请的引用
本发明要求2015年7月27日在中国提交的、名称为“用于径向轴承的预紧装置及悬臂轴安装结构”、申请号为201510445444.0的发明专利申请的优先权，该申请的全部内容通过引用并入本文。
技术领域
本发明涉及一种预紧装置，更具体地本发明涉及用于径向轴承的预紧装置、特别地为用于螺杆压缩机的悬臂结构中的径向轴承的预紧装置。本发明还涉及包括该预紧装置的悬臂轴安装结构。
背景技术
在现有的螺杆压缩机中，应用并列地布置的径向轴承配置(如图1中的径向轴承安装机构40)以使得螺杆压缩机中的阳转子的吸气侧的悬臂轴的刚性更高而不易挠曲。
图1中示出了现有技术(螺杆压缩机)的径向轴承安装结构的示意图。如图1所示，在螺杆压缩机中，电机10通过悬臂轴50与阳转子20连接，而阳转子20与阴转子30之间实现螺纹啮合，阳转子20和阴转子30还与压缩机(未示出)进行连接。在悬臂轴50上配置径向轴承安装机构40以加强该悬臂轴50的刚性。该径向轴承安装机构40包括：两个径向轴承401，该两个径向轴承401并列地布置在悬臂轴50上且具有相同的尺寸和结构；套筒402，其配置在两个径向轴承401之间、作为在悬臂轴50的轴向上对两个径向轴承401进行轴向定位的定位部件；以及座403，其配置在两个径向轴承401的径向外侧并与两个径向轴承401抵接，该座403用于在径向上对径向轴承401进行限位。
在图1中所示的螺杆压缩机处于低载荷作业条件时，由于尺寸通常大的径向轴承401优选要实现高刚性，因此并列地布置的径向轴承401存在打滑的风险。而且由于轴承制造公差(主要指轴承与悬臂轴之间的安装后过盈度可能不同)和轴挠度的影响使得径向载荷不均匀地分布到并列地布置的径向轴承401。在极端的情形中，甚至两个径向轴承401中的仅一个径向轴承承受径向载荷而另一个径向轴承被完全卸载。最终，不仅悬臂轴50的刚性未如期望地被增强，而且还增加了径向轴承401的打滑的风险。
发明内容
为了克服上述现有技术的缺陷做出本发明，本发明的目的在于提供一种避免径向轴承打滑并且优化径向轴承中的载荷分布的用于径向轴承的预紧装置及包括该预紧装置的悬臂轴安装结构。
为了实现上述发明目的，本发明可以采用如下技术方案。
本发明提供了一种用于径向轴承的预紧装置，预紧装置装配于径向轴承安装机构，径向轴承安装机构包括：悬臂轴；安装于悬臂轴的一个径向轴承或在悬臂轴的轴向上并列地安装于悬臂轴的至少两个径向轴承；以及座，其从径向外侧抵接于径向轴承并在径向上对径向轴承进行限位，该预紧装置与径向轴承并列地布置于悬臂轴，并且该预紧装置沿悬臂轴的径向对悬臂轴产生预紧力，该预紧力使得径向轴承压靠座并被预紧。
优选地，该预紧装置包括：预紧力产生部件，其设置在座的孔中并用于产生预紧力；以及连接部件，其安装于悬臂轴且预紧力产生部件的一端压靠于连接部件，使得连接部件受到预紧力产生部件的预紧力并将预紧力传递到悬臂轴。
更优选地，该预紧装置还包括调节部件，调节部件安装于孔，并且调节部件抵接于预紧力产生部件的另一端，使得通过调节调节部件的位置来调节 预紧力产生部件产生的预紧力的大小。
进一步，优选地，预紧力产生部件为压缩弹簧，调节部件为预紧螺栓，通过调节预紧螺栓伸入孔的长度来调节压缩弹簧产生的预紧力的大小。
另外，优选地，连接部件为滑动轴承或滚动轴承，滑动轴承或滚动轴承的径向尺寸小于径向轴承的径向尺寸。
优选地，多个预紧装置沿着悬臂轴的周向配置。
此外，优选地，在悬臂轴上并列地安装至少两个径向轴承，在相邻的两个径向轴承之间设置有用于在悬臂轴的轴向上对径向轴承进行定位的定位部件。
进一步，优选地，预紧装置设置于相邻的两个径向轴承之间且与定位部件邻接地设置，预紧装置还包括附加定位部件，附加定位部件与定位部件在轴向上抵接且预紧力经由附加定位部件传递到悬臂轴。
更进一步，优选地，定位部件和/或附加定位部件包括套筒或隔圈。
此外，本发明还提供了一种悬臂轴安装结构，其包括悬臂轴；安装于悬臂轴的一个径向轴承或在悬臂轴的轴向上并列地安装于悬臂轴的至少两个径向轴承；以及座，该座从径向外侧抵接于径向轴承并在径向上对径向轴承进行限位，悬臂轴安装结构还包括采用上述技术方案的任一项技术方案的预紧装置。
通过采用上述技术方案，本发明提供了一种避免径向轴承打滑并且优化径向轴承中的载荷分布的用于径向轴承的预紧装置及包括该预紧装置的悬臂轴安装结构。这样，可以采用该预紧装置对径向轴承进行径向预紧。
附图说明
图1是示出了现有技术的径向轴承的安装结构的示意图；
图2是示出了安装有本发明的预紧装置的径向轴承的安装结构的示意 图；
图3是示出了图2中的区域A的放大示意图。
附图标记说明
10电机    20阳转子    30阴转子    40径向轴承安装机构
401径向轴承    402套筒    403座    50悬臂轴
1电机    2阳转子    3阴转子    4径向轴承安装机构
41第一径向轴承    42第二径向轴承    43A 第一内套筒
43B第一外套筒    44A 第二内套筒    44B第二外套筒
45座    46轴承    47预紧弹簧    48预紧螺栓
49第三套筒    5悬臂轴
具体实施方式
以下结合说明书附图具体说明本发明的具体实施方式。需要说明的是，本发明中的附图是示意性的，并且各附图中相同的部件采用相同的附图标记进行表示。在本发明中，如无特殊说明，所使用的术语“轴向”、“径向”均是指悬臂轴的“轴向”、“径向”。
如图2和图3所示，以用于螺杆压缩机中的径向轴承的预紧装置为例来说明本发明的以下具体实施方式。在图2和图3中示出的螺杆压缩机中，在阳转子2的一侧，电机1通过悬臂轴5与阳转子2连接；而阳转子2与阴转子3之间实现螺纹啮合；在阳转子2的另一侧，阳转子2和阴转子3与压缩机(未示出)实现连接。在阳转子2的一侧的悬臂轴5上配置径向轴承安装机构4，该径向轴承安装机构4包括：悬臂轴5；第一径向轴承41和第二径向轴承42，两个径向轴承41、42均为滚动轴承、彼此间隔开地且并列地布置在悬臂轴5上且具有相同的尺寸和结构；第一套筒组件和第二套筒组件，该第一套筒组件和第二套筒组件均配置在悬臂轴5上、位于两个径向轴承41之间(具体地，第一 套筒组件配置在第一径向轴承41和以下说明的预紧装置之间，而第二套筒组件配置在预紧装置和第二径向轴承42之间)、并且作为在悬臂轴5的轴向上对两个径向轴承41和42进行定位的定位部件，第一套筒组件包括第一内套筒43A和位于第一内套筒43A的径向外侧的第一外套筒43B，第二套筒组件包括第二内套筒44A和位于第二内套筒44A的径向外侧的第二外套筒44B；以及座45，其配置在两个径向轴承41、42的径向外侧并与两个径向轴承41、42抵接，该座45用于在径向上对径向轴承41、42进行限位。
在第一套筒组件和第二套筒组件之间设置有预紧装置，该预紧装置包括：轴承46，其设置在悬臂轴5上且位于第一内套筒43A和第二内套筒44A之间、与第一内套筒43A和第二内套筒44A在轴向上抵接，该轴承46用作连接部件、用于接收稍后说明的预紧弹簧47的作用力(预紧力)，在本实施方式中该轴承46的径向尺寸小于两个径向轴承41、42的径向尺寸；第三套筒49，其从轴承46的径向外侧抵接于轴承46并且在轴向上与第一外套筒43B和第二外套筒44B抵接，在本实施方式中第三套筒49与第一外套筒43B和第二外套筒44B一起起到在轴向上对第一径向轴承41和第二径向轴承42进行定位的作用；预紧弹簧(压缩弹簧)47，其用作预紧力产生部件、设置在座45的孔中并且该预紧弹簧47的一端压抵于第三套筒49上；以及预紧螺栓48，其作为用于调节预紧力大小的调节部件也设置于座45的上述孔中并且压抵于预紧弹簧47的另一端。
以下将参照上述实施方式的具体结构来说明本发明的预紧装置起作用的过程。
在螺杆压缩机的上述悬臂轴5上安装有具有上述结构的预紧装置之后，通过调节预紧螺栓48伸入座45的孔中的深度来调节预紧弹簧47受到压缩的程度，预紧螺栓48对预紧弹簧47加压使得预紧弹簧47压缩；该预紧弹簧47压缩之后会对第三套筒49、进而对轴承46产生作用力，轴承46进一步对悬臂轴 5产生沿该悬臂轴5的径向的作用力；进而，第一径向轴承41和第二径向轴承42受到悬臂轴5沿径向的作用力，该作用力导致两个径向轴承41、42压靠座45并对座45产生作用力；在座45的与预紧装置径向相反的部位产生的反作用力的作用下，实现了对该径向轴承41、42预紧效果。
一般地，在径向轴承41、42工作过程中，径向轴承41、42仅在周向上的一定区域内受到径向作用力，在该区域内的最大载荷方向和最小载荷方向在周向上具有一定角度，而本实施方式中的预紧弹簧47的作用力的方向优选地沿着最小载荷方向。这样，能够增大最小载荷方向的作用力，使得整个径向轴承41、42在上述一定区域内的载荷趋于平均，实现本发明的发明目的。
另外，除了参见附图说明的上述具体实施方式的技术方案之外，还需要进一步说明的是：
(1)虽然在上述具体实施方式中仅以螺杆压缩机中的径向轴承为例来说明本发明的预紧装置，但是本发明不限于此。只要系统或设备等采用了类似于上述说明的径向轴承的安装结构，本发明的预紧装置就可以应用于这些系统或设备中对径向轴承进行预紧。
(2)虽然在上述具体实施方式中仅说明了将本发明的预紧装置应用于并列地布置的两个径向轴承的情况，但是本发明不限于此。本发明的预紧装置可以应用于只采用一个径向轴承的场合，也可以应用于采用三个或更多个径向轴承的场合。
(3)虽然在上述具体实施方式中作为定位部件的套筒组件分别具有两个套筒，但是本发明不限于此。可以根据需要使套筒组件为具有内圈部分和外圈部分的一个套筒。另外，本发明的定位部件和连接部件也不限于在上述具体实施方式中说明的套筒和轴承，例如定位部件还可以是隔圈等。而且，虽然上述具体实施方式中的预紧装置设置于两个套筒组件之间，但是本发明不限于此。可以仅设置一个套筒组件，并将预紧装置设置在该一个套筒组件 的一侧。
(4)此外，在上述实施方式中设置的第三套筒不是必要的，可以在需要的情况下使预紧弹簧直接作用于作为连接部件的轴承上。
(5)虽然在上述具体实施方式中仅说明了预紧装置采用一组预紧螺栓和预紧弹簧的情况，但是本发明不限于此。本发明可以包括在悬臂轴的周向上布置多组预紧螺栓和预紧弹簧的情况，只要该多组预紧螺栓和预紧弹簧在悬臂轴的径向上能够产生需要大小和方向的预紧力即可。
(6)另外，通过将预紧弹簧定位在不同的周向位置且通过使用不同数量的预紧弹簧、使用具有不同弹簧比率的预紧弹簧和通过拧紧和拧松预紧螺栓而使不同预紧弹簧的压缩等级不同来调节预紧力的方向。例如，可以采用在悬臂轴的周向上间隔一定角度的方式设置两组预紧螺栓和预紧弹簧、使这两个预紧弹簧的弹簧比率不同等方式来设定预紧装置。
(7)本发明的具体实施方式中公开了采用预紧弹簧作为预紧力产生部件并且公开了用于对预紧弹簧的压缩程度进行调节的调节装置为预紧螺栓，但是本发明不限于此。例如，可以使用除弹簧之外的适当的弹性体(例如，弹簧垫圈、橡胶等)来代替预紧弹簧，可以采用塞子、销等来固定预紧弹簧。
在采用本发明的技术的情况下，能够有效地避免在作业过程中由于打滑导致径向轴承出现故障的风险；能够改善并列地布置的径向轴承之间的载荷分布；能够提高悬臂轴结构的刚性。并且由于轴承最小载荷要求不再是在系统或设备设计过程中轴承选择的限制参数，因此通过在该位置采用较大的轴承能够进一步提高悬臂轴结构的刚性。
本发明的保护范围不限于上述具体实施方式，而是只要满足本发明的权利要求的特征的组合就落入了本发明的保护范围内。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种用于径向轴承的预紧装置，所述预紧装置装配于径向轴承安装机构，所述径向轴承安装机构包括：悬臂轴；安装于所述悬臂轴的一个径向轴承或在所述悬臂轴的轴向上并列地安装于所述悬臂轴的至少两个径向轴承；以及座，所述座从径向外侧抵接于所述径向轴承并在径向上对所述径向轴承进行限位，
    其特征在于，所述预紧装置与所述径向轴承并列地布置于所述悬臂轴，并且所述预紧装置沿所述悬臂轴的径向对所述悬臂轴产生预紧力，所述预紧力使得所述径向轴承压靠所述座并被预紧。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的用于径向轴承的预紧装置，其特征在于，所述预紧装置包括：预紧力产生部件，所述预紧力产生部件设置在所述座的孔中并用于产生所述预紧力；以及连接部件，所述连接部件安装于所述悬臂轴且所述预紧力产生部件的一端压靠于所述连接部件，使得所述连接部件受到所述预紧力产生部件的所述预紧力并将所述预紧力传递到所述悬臂轴。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的用于径向轴承的预紧装置，其特征在于，所述预紧装置还包括调节部件，所述调节部件安装于所述孔，并且所述调节部件抵接于所述预紧力产生部件的另一端，使得通过调节所述调节部件的位置来调节所述预紧力产生部件产生的所述预紧力的大小。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的用于径向轴承的预紧装置，其特征在于，所述预紧力产生部件为压缩弹簧，所述调节部件为预紧螺栓，通过调节所述预紧螺栓伸入所述孔的长度来调节所述压缩弹簧产生的所述预紧力的大小。
  5. 根据权利要求2所述的用于径向轴承的预紧装置，其特征在于，所述连接部件为滑动轴承或滚动轴承，所述滑动轴承或所述滚动轴承的径向尺寸小于所述径向轴承的径向尺寸。
  6. 根据权利要求1至5中的任一项所述的用于径向轴承的预紧装置，其特征在于，多个所述预紧装置沿着所述悬臂轴的周向配置。
  7. 根据权利要求1-5中任一项所述的用于径向轴承的预紧装置，其特征在于，在所述悬臂轴上并列地安装至少两个所述径向轴承，在相邻的两个径向轴承之间设置有用于在所述悬臂轴的轴向上对所述径向轴承进行定位的定位部件。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的用于径向轴承的预紧装置，其特征在于，所述预紧装置设置于相邻的两个径向轴承之间且与所述定位部件邻接地设置，所述预紧装置还包括附加定位部件，所述附加定位部件与所述定位部件在轴向上抵接且所述预紧力经由所述附加定位部件传递到所述悬臂轴。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的用于径向轴承的预紧装置，其特征在于，所述定位部件和/或所述附加定位部件包括套筒或隔圈。
  10. 一种悬臂轴安装结构，其包括悬臂轴；安装于所述悬臂轴的一个径向轴承或在所述悬臂轴的轴向上并列地安装于所述悬臂轴的至少两个径向轴承；以及座，所述座从径向外侧抵接于所述径向轴承并在径向上对所述径向轴承进行限位，
    其特征在于，所述悬臂轴安装结构还包括根据权利要求1至9中的任一项所述的预紧装置。
PCT/CN2016/087564 2015-07-27 2016-06-29 用于径向轴承的预紧装置及悬臂轴安装结构 Ceased WO2017016365A1 (zh)

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