WO2017015160A1 - Compositions et procédés de fumigation - Google Patents

Compositions et procédés de fumigation Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2017015160A1
WO2017015160A1 PCT/US2016/042637 US2016042637W WO2017015160A1 WO 2017015160 A1 WO2017015160 A1 WO 2017015160A1 US 2016042637 W US2016042637 W US 2016042637W WO 2017015160 A1 WO2017015160 A1 WO 2017015160A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
soil
active compounds
fumigant
compositions
hfco
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/US2016/042637
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Andrew Joseph Poss
Rajiv Ratna Singh
David Nalewajek
Cheryl Cantlon
Original Assignee
Honeywell International Inc.
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from US14/978,436 external-priority patent/US20160135450A1/en
Application filed by Honeywell International Inc. filed Critical Honeywell International Inc.
Priority claimed from US15/211,915 external-priority patent/US20160324151A1/en
Publication of WO2017015160A1 publication Critical patent/WO2017015160A1/fr

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Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
    • A01N29/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing halogenated hydrocarbons
    • A01N29/02—Acyclic compounds or compounds containing halogen attached to an aliphatic side-chain of a cycloaliphatic ring system

Definitions

  • This invention generally relates to methods for killing or inhibiting growth of plants. More particularly, the invention relates to compositions and methods for substantially reducing or eliminating the growth of unwanted plant species, including especially in soil.
  • methyl bromide (CH 3 Br) is the most widely used and most universal fumigant in the world. It is used extensively for soil fumigation, as a commodity quarantine treatment (export and imports), to control a variety of pests on numerous crops, and as a structural fumigant for wood destroying pests. For a variety of environmental reasons, including ozone depletion concerns, the use of methyl bromide has become disfavored.
  • a known methyl bromide alternative is chloropicrin.
  • Telone (1 ,3- dichloropropene) is an excellent nematicide but generally performs poorly against weeds and diseases.
  • Metam sodium and metam potassium can provide good control of weeds when placed properly in the soil bed, however research to evaluate modification of rate, placement, and improved application technology have not resolved all problems of inconsistent pest control.
  • These alternatives are commonly applied as mixtures of two or more of the individual compounds in order to attempt to produce a broader spectrum product similar to methyl bromide.
  • Azeotropic and azeotrope-like compositions based on methyl iodide are dsclosed, for example, in US 2012/0064208. These composition contain methyl iodide and at least one fluorocarbon or hydrofluorocarbon.
  • fluorocarbons and hydrofluorocarbons suitable for use in the azeotropic or azeotrope-like compositions include 1 -chloro-3,3,3 trifluoropropene (HCFC-1233xd); 2,2 - dichloro-1 , 1 , 1 -trifluoroethane (HCFC-123); 1 , 1 ,2,2-tetrafluoroethyl methyl ether (HFE245); cis-1 ,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene (HFC-1234ze), (E)-1 -chloro-3,3,3,- trifluoropropene (HFO-1233zd(E)), (Z)-1 -chloro-3,3,3,-trifluoropropene (HFO- 1233zd(Z)), 1 , 1 , 1 ,3,3-pentafluoropropane (HFC-245fa); 1 , 1 , 1 , 1 ,3,3- pentaflu
  • GWP global warming potential
  • GWP Global warming potential
  • a GWP is calculated over a specific time interval, commonly 20, 100 or 500 years.
  • GWP is expressed as a factor of carbon dioxide (whose GMP is standardized to 1 ). For example, the 20 year GWP of methane is 56, which means if the same weights of methane and carbon dioxide were introduced into the atmosphere, that methane will trap 56 times more heat than the carbon dioxide over the next 20 years. Accordingly, it has also become desirable to develop new fumigant compositions which are more environmentally friendly with respect to global warming.
  • fumigant compositions and methods While the ability of fumigant compositions and methods to eradicate and/or reduce undesirable species in soils and other environments is highly desirable, it is also highly desirable to develop compositions and methods that at the same time possess a high degree of ease and safety in handling and application. For example, applicants have come to appreciate that costly and time consuming precautions must be followed in the application of fumigant compositions that contain chemicals having relatively high levels of acute toxicity in order to prevent potentially harmful inhalation exposure of these chemicals to workers applying the compositions/materials. In addition, compositions/materials which include compounds having high levels of acute toxicity may also require longer periods of time before agricultural workers can reenter the treated field to ensure that compounds having high levels of acute toxicity will not be inhaled by those agricultural workers.
  • methyl iodide-based compositions for fumigation has recently become a source of saftely concern because of possible high levels of toxicity.
  • NIOSH considers methyl iodide to be a potential occupational carcinogen as defined by the OSHA carcinogen policy [29 CFR 1990], and this material has a current OSHA PEL of 5 ppm (28 mg/m3) and has a current (revised) Immediately Dangerous to Life or Health Concentrations (IDLH) of 100 ppm.
  • IDLH Immediately Dangerous to Life or Health Concentrations
  • NIOSH recommends as part of its carcinogen policy that the "most protective" respirators be worn for methyl iodide at concentrations above 2 ppm.
  • methyl iodide has a LD50 of 76 mg/kg (oral, rat).
  • Fumigation compositions and methods which utilize or comprise cis-1 - chloro-3,3,3-trifluoropropene (also referred to as either cis-HFO-1233zd or HFO- 1233zd(Z)), and preferably in preferred embodiments such compositions that are essentially free of methyl iodide, have been found by applicants to satisfy one or more of the needs identified above, and preferably to at once satisfy each of the needs described above.
  • the term "essentially free of methyl iodide” means that the fumigant compositions, or the one or more active components taken together, contain less than 2000 ppm of methyl iodide, more preferably less than 1000 ppm of methyl iodide, and even more preferably less than about 500 ppm of methyl iodide,
  • cis-HFO-1233zd exhibits high levels of effectiveness in many important fumigation applications while at the same time presenting a substantially lower level of acute toxicity than the previously disclosed fluorinated alkenes and/or other previously used fumigant compositions, including those which include methyl iodide.
  • certain embodiments of the present invention provide fumigation compositions which comprise, and in certain embodiments consist essentially of or consist of, HFO-1233zd (Z) in amounts and under conditions effective to produce a substantial fumigation affect, preferably and particularly when applied to soil.
  • the present compositions are essentially free of any components that have an LD50 toxicty of less than about 80 mg/kg (oral, rat), and even more preferably are substantially free of any components that have an LD50 toxicty of less than about 150 mg/kg (oral, rat).
  • the term "essentially free any components that have a LD50 toxicty” means that the fumigant compositions or the one or more active components taken together contain less than 2000 ppm of any such component, more preferably less than 1000 ppm of any such component, and even more prefably less than about 500 ppm of any such component.
  • the mixture is in preferred embodiments a zeotropic composition.
  • zeotropic compositions it is also generally preferred that the composition is essentially free of methyl iodide and/or essentially free of any components that have a high LD50 toxicty and/or are essentially free of any components that have an LD50 toxicty of less than about 80 mg/kg (oral, rat), and even more preferably are substantially free of any components that have an LD50 toxicty of less than about 150 mg/kg (oral, rat).
  • the applying method comprises applying the fumigant of the present invention to the soil in an amount greater than about 10 microliliter (10 "6 liters) of fumigant composition per milliliter of soil (10 "3 liters), ( ⁇ /ml), more preferably in an amount greater than about 15 ⁇ /ml, and even more preferably in an amount of from greater than about 5 ⁇ /ml to less than about 20 ⁇ /ml.
  • the weeds contained in the soil include broadleaf weed species (represented by Abutilon theophrastic Medik.) and/or a grass weed species (represented by Loliium multiflorum Lam.).
  • the fumigant compositions include cis-1 -chloro-3,3,3-trifluoropropene as a gas
  • the cis-1 - chloro-3,3,3-trifluoropropene can be used alone or is used together with a carrier gas.
  • the methods comprise exposing the soil to a liquid and/or gas stream comprising, and preferably comprising at least in a major proportion by volume of active ingredients, cis-1 -chloro-3,3,3- trifluoropropene.
  • the fumigant compositions of the present invention are applied to soil or structures as part of a solution or dispersion in the carrier, preferably in certain embodiments in which the carrier comprises water.
  • the fumigant composition may be applied by a number of different procedures that are currently employed for soil and structural treatments.
  • the behavior of the fumigant compositions in use is a function of one or more many possible properties their water solubility, volatility, hydrolysis and degradation rates, and their sorption to soil organic matter and clay.
  • the physical and chemical properties of the fumigants such as: water solubility, vapor pressure, boiling point, Henry's constant and half life in soil, generally will impact how fumigant compositions behave in the soil-air-water system.
  • the efficacy of a compound or a composition as fumigant can be influenced by a large number of performance interactions with the soil systems being treated, including for example distribution patterns in soils, and these performance interactions are generally not predictable in advance of testing.
  • the fumigant compositions of the present invention exhibit behaviors that are desirable for fumigant applications.
  • the present compositions are advantageous because of other properties that enhance use in these applications.
  • the cisHFCO- 1233zd according to the present invention, and the compositions in which it is contained have properties such as water solubility, volatility, hydrolysis and degradation rates, sorption to soil organic matter and clay, that make the present composition highly advantageous in fumigant application.
  • weeds are generally more resistant to fumigation than nematodes or most soil-borne plant-pathogenic fungi.
  • a broadieaf weed species (Abutilon theophrastic Medik.) and a grass weed species (Loliium multiflorum Lam.) can be used as a general indictor for most soil pests in fumigation experiments. Accordingly, in the examples which follow, fumigation tests have been conducted by applicants with HFO-1233zd(Z) in the broadieaf species Abutilon theophrastic Medik.
  • a soil field containing unwanted plant species is provided.
  • a fumigant composition comprising an active component consisting essentially of HFCO- 1233zd(Z) is applied to the field by shank injection. At least 50% of the unwanted species contained in the soil field are killed or fail to germinate.
  • a soil field containing unwanted plant species is provided.
  • a fumigant composition comprising an active component consisting essentially of HFCO- 1233zd(Z) is applied to the field as a gas through lay-flat tubing. At least 50% of the unwanted species contained in the soil field are killed or fail to germinate.
  • a soil field containing unwanted plant species is provided.
  • a fumigant composition comprising an active component consisting essentially of HFCO- 1233zd(Z) is applied to the field manually by injection. At least 50% of the unwanted species contained in the soil field are killed or fail to germinate.
  • a soil field containing seeds from the broadleaf species Abutilon theophrastic Medik. or velvet leaf and the grass weed species Loiiium muitifiorum Lam. or Italian rye grass is provided.
  • a fumigant composition comprising an active component consisting essentially of HFCO-1233zd(Z) is applied to the field by drip irrigation. At least 50% of the seeds from the above-noted species contained in the soil field fail to germinate.
  • a soil field containing seeds from the broadleaf species Abutilon theophrastic Medik. or velvet leaf and the grass weed species Loiiium muitifiorum Lam. or Italian rye grass is provided.
  • a fumigant composition comprising an active component consisting essentially of HFCO-1233zd(Z) is applied to the field by by tractor mounted injectors. At least 50% of the seeds from the above- noted species contained in the soil field fail to germinate.
  • a soil field containing seeds from the broadleaf species Abutiion theophrastic Medik. or velvet leaf and the grass weed species Loiiium muitifiorum Lam. or Italian rye grass is provided.
  • a fumigant composition comprising an active component consisting essentially of HFCO-1233zd(Z) is applied to the field as a gas through lay-flat tubing. At least 50% of the seeds from the above- noted species contained in the soil field fail to germinate.

Landscapes

  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Agronomy & Crop Science (AREA)
  • Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Dentistry (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Zoology (AREA)
  • Environmental Sciences (AREA)
  • Agricultural Chemicals And Associated Chemicals (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne des compositions de fumigation et des procédés qui utilisent ou comprennent du cis-1-chloro-3,3,3-trifluoropropène dans des quantités et dans des conditions efficaces pour produire un effet de fumigation notable et qui, de préférence, sont essentiellement exempts d'iodure de méthyle et/ou sont essentiellement exempts de tout composé ayant une toxicité LD50 inférieure à environ 50 mg/kg (par voie orale, rat).
PCT/US2016/042637 2015-07-17 2016-07-15 Compositions et procédés de fumigation WO2017015160A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (6)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US201562194015P 2015-07-17 2015-07-17
US62/194,015 2015-07-17
US14/978,436 US20160135450A1 (en) 2011-11-02 2015-12-22 Fumigant compositions and methods
US14/978,436 2015-12-22
US15/211,915 US20160324151A1 (en) 2011-11-02 2016-07-15 Compositions and methods of fumigation
US15/211,915 2016-07-15

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2017015160A1 true WO2017015160A1 (fr) 2017-01-26

Family

ID=57835208

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/US2016/042637 WO2017015160A1 (fr) 2015-07-17 2016-07-15 Compositions et procédés de fumigation

Country Status (1)

Country Link
WO (1) WO2017015160A1 (fr)

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US7695635B2 (en) * 2007-02-16 2010-04-13 Honeywell International Inc Azeotrope-like compositions of 1-chloro-3,3,3-trifluoropropene and methyl iodide
US20120064208A1 (en) * 2010-09-13 2012-03-15 Honeywell International Inc. Azeotropic post-harvest fumigation compositions of methyl iodide
US20130052354A1 (en) * 2011-08-24 2013-02-28 Honeywell International Inc. Evaporation operative materials having low environmental impact
WO2013099485A1 (fr) * 2011-12-29 2013-07-04 セントラル硝子株式会社 Procédé de production de 1-chloro-3,3,3-trifluoropropène
US20150173342A1 (en) * 2012-06-08 2015-06-25 Earth Chemical Co., Ltd. Insect pest control agent

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US7695635B2 (en) * 2007-02-16 2010-04-13 Honeywell International Inc Azeotrope-like compositions of 1-chloro-3,3,3-trifluoropropene and methyl iodide
US20120064208A1 (en) * 2010-09-13 2012-03-15 Honeywell International Inc. Azeotropic post-harvest fumigation compositions of methyl iodide
US20130052354A1 (en) * 2011-08-24 2013-02-28 Honeywell International Inc. Evaporation operative materials having low environmental impact
WO2013099485A1 (fr) * 2011-12-29 2013-07-04 セントラル硝子株式会社 Procédé de production de 1-chloro-3,3,3-trifluoropropène
US20150173342A1 (en) * 2012-06-08 2015-06-25 Earth Chemical Co., Ltd. Insect pest control agent

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