WO2017014714A1

WO2017014714A1 - Infrared heating device

Info

Publication number: WO2017014714A1
Application number: PCT/UA2016/000092
Authority: WO
Inventors: Костянтын Мыколайовыч ОЛИФИРЭНКО
Original assignee: Костянтын Мыколайовыч ОЛИФИРЭНКО
Priority date: 2015-07-17
Filing date: 2016-07-15
Publication date: 2017-01-26
Also published as: UA113027C2

Abstract

The invention relates to electrical appliances, and specifically to heating devices using infrared radiation for warming liquid, air, and liquid and air mediums used in household and industrial applications. The aim of the present invention consists in improving an infrared heating device via the use of such a combination of structural elements and materials as to achieve maximum energy efficiency and maximum heat output in combination with high consumer properties. An infrared heating device contains two heat-radiating panels which are connected to one another, forming at least one channel from a recess in one of the panels, in which recess is positioned at least one heating element in the form of carbon threads braided into a cord, capable of connecting to a voltage source, wherein the heating element is carried out in such a way as to not connect to the walls of the channel, and the walls of the channels and the braids are additionally processed using a substance having a maximum coefficient of infrared radiation absorption.

Description

INFRARED HEATING DEVICE

FIELD OF TECHNOLOGY

The invention relates to electrical appliances, in particular, to heating devices for heating a liquid, air, liquid and air environments for domestic and industrial use using infrared radiation.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

Currently, devices with metal filament in the heating market are being replaced by new, environmentally friendly, energy-saving heating devices in which heat is transferred from a heat carrier or a non-metallic heating element to a heated room with infrared radiation. Thanks to such a constructive solution, such devices do not generate a harmful magnetic field and metal ions. Carbon-containing conductive elements are often used as a heating element in these devices, which are located in the device body and are usually tightly sandwiched between its walls. This arrangement of the heating elements leads to the fact that with constant contact part of the heat (about 20% of the maximum temperature of the heating element) is transferred to the walls, and the temperature of the heating element is always below the maximum possible, which generally leads to a decrease in the intensity - sivnost heat flow device. In connection with the abovementioned features, relevant technical developments are constantly carried out, which make it possible to achieve improvement of their consumer properties, including energy saving, by constructive improvements of heaters.

Known electric radiant heater, consisting of a housing in which a heat-emitting panel is located [RF patent Jfe 2168115, IPC F24D13 / 00, publ. 05/27/01, bull. N ° 15], with tubular electric heaters fixed on them, which during operation transfer heat through the holder to the heat-emitting aluminum panel. The bottom surface of the panel facing the floor, heating up to 200 ⁰ С, emits radiant energy in the form of infrared radiation. This heater is also equipped with heat-insulating and reflective elements located above the heat-emitting panel.

The disadvantage of this heater is that the radiation source is an aluminum panel, which is heated by a tubular heating element, which does not provide uniform heating of the panel and does not transfer completely thermal energy to the heat-emitting surface, since, for example, losses in the “tube” connection affect electric heater - C-shaped channel of the plate ". Therefore, the efficiency of the heater does not exceed 70%. The inertia of the panel heating also adds loss and reduces efficiency.

The above-described electric heating device involves the use of carbon fibers as an electric heating element. Such electric heating devices have a fairly narrow range of applications, that is, their use is limited. Also, these devices are characterized by low power. And their main drawback is low consumer characteristics.

Known electric heating device (RF patent 2304367, N05VZ /

34, publ. August 10, 2007), containing two layers of an electrical insulating base, between which there is an electrically conductive resistive layer based on carbon fibers and electrically connected current leads, made in the form of a flexible current-conducting circuit made of soft wire, whereby the electrically conductive resistive layer is made in the form of a zigzag sections of the resistive circuit of carbon fibers with a thickness of 0.45 ± 0.05 mm and a length of 7-8 m, the ends of each section of the resistive circuit are metallized with copper and wound on current leads, all sections of the resistive circuit made of continuous unidirectional carbon fibers, consisting of elementary fibers, each of which is finished with an impregnating mixture. The disadvantage of this heater is its high power consumption with low efficiency.

Known low-temperature convection heating panel described in the patent of Ukraine j \ b 47962 (Н05В 3/00 publ. February 25, 2010), containing the front and rear heat-radiating elements, between which there is a heating element in the form of a carbon thread, made with the ability to connect to the electrical network.

The disadvantage of this panel is the relatively low efficiency of using the heating element due to a decrease in its temperature due to the presence of a significant contact plane with heat-radiating elements.

DISCLOSURE OF THE INVENTION

The objective of the present invention is to improve the infrared heating device by using such a combination of structural elements and materials that as a result ensures the highest possible degree of energy saving with maximum heat transfer in combination with high consumer properties.

The problem is solved in that the infrared heating device according to the invention comprises two heat-emitting panels that are interconnected to form at least one channel, made a recess in one of the panels in which at least one heating element is placed in the form of carbon filaments woven into a cord with braiding of the “pigtail” type and made with the possibility of connecting to a voltage source, while the heating element is made in such a way that it does not come into contact with the walls and the channel, and the walls of the channels and weaving additionally treated with a substance with a maximum absorption coefficient of infrared radiation.

The main law determining the dependence of the heat flux of the radiating surface of the body (heating element) on its temperature is the Stefan-Boltzmann law:

q = ε σ ₀ T

where: q is the heat flux of the radiating surface;

ε is the degree of body blackness

σο is the radiation constant of Stefan-Boltzmann of the “absolutely black body”; T is the surface temperature.

Due to the fact that the carbon cord is located in the central part of the channel in such a way that it does not come into contact with its walls, it is possible to maintain the maximum temperature of the carbon cord without losing it to heat the surface of the channel, which, in turn, according to Stefan’s law -Boltsman, leads to the achievement of a technical result, which consists in increasing the intensity of the heat flux of the claimed heating device, while the power that the heating device consumes without increasing tsya due to lack of significant loss temperatures ry. In addition, the use of soot as a substance with an absorption coefficient of infrared radiation close to 1 ensures maximum intensity and uniformity of heating.

As a result of numerous tests, the inventor proved that a carbon fiber braided specifically in the form of a braid like a braid has better IR radiation properties, namely, it requires less electrical energy to heat up to a given temperature than carbon fiber - but in other configurations. In addition, this form significantly extends the life of the heating element. Advantageously, at least one heat-emitting panel is provided with recesses to form a channel for the placement of a carbon braided cord when connecting the heat-emitting panels. In this case, the indicated recess is preferably made in the rear heat-emitting panel.

The author of the present invention has proved that the best heat-emitting panels to achieve a technical result are ceramic single-crystal or glass-ceramic panels due to their good properties to transmit infrared radiation.

It is advisable to place a carbon cord in a channel in a vacuum, which minimizes heat loss.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

The essence of the utility model is explained by the following drawings, where:

FIG. 1 - infrared heating device, side view;

FIG. 2 - infrared heating device, top view;

FIG. 3 is a graph comparing the performance of the claimed device with other heaters.

1 — heater panels, 2 — channel, 3 — heating element braided from carbon fibers, 4 — carbon black, 5 — points of connection to a voltage source.

At the Technical University of Kosice (Slovakia), a comparative analysis of the claimed device with other heating devices was carried out. From the diagram (FIG. 3) it can be seen that the inventive device emits more thermal energy with the same energy consumption than other heating devices.

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION

The inventive device operates as follows:

The heating device is connected to the electric network through connection points 5 and energized with voltage, for example 220 V. In this case, the heating element 3 in the form of a carbon fiber cord heats the heat-emitting elements 1, which are ceramic plates, which, in their in turn emit heat flux over the entire surface. Since the carbon filament is located mainly in the central part of the channel 2 with no contact with the walls of the channel, the heating element is characterized by a constant, close to maximum temperature. Due to the presence of at least one channel 2, when conveying the front heat-radiating element 1, convection is provided, due to which additional heat flow is generated, in addition, the processing of the carbon cord and the walls of the channel with soot and the formation in the vacuum channel ensure faster and more uniform space heating with minimal dispersion of infrared radiation.

INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY

The invention is explained by an example of a specific application.

Example.

An infrared device is connected by connection points 5 to a voltage source of 220 V, the device being placed in a liquid (water), using 2 carbon heating elements 3 in the form of a braided cord braided with a complex “pigtail”, and heating element 3 is heated to a temperature of 312 ⁰ C, while the energy consumption was 205 W, and 15 liters of water were heated to a temperature of 60 ° C in 35 minutes.

With a power consumption of 330 W, the heating element heats up to a temperature of 96 ° C, and the device has a temperature of 72 ° C.

Thus, the special design of the inventive infrared heating device ensures the achievement of a technical result, which consists in increasing the intensity of the heat flux without increasing the power consumed by the heating device.

The inventive device has high reliability, convenience, a long service life, economy and operational safety.

Claims

CLAIM

1. Infrared heating device, characterized in that it contains two heat-radiating panels that are interconnected with the formation of at least one channel, made a recess in one of the panels, which houses at least one heating element in the form of carbon threads woven into a cord by braiding of the “pigtail” type and made with the possibility of connecting to a voltage source, while the heating element is made in such a way that it does not come into contact with the channel walls, but the channel walls and braids I further treated with the substance at a maximum absorption coefficient of infrared radiation.

2. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the heat-emitting panels are ceramic single-crystal plates.

3. The device according to p. 1, characterized in that the substance with a maximum absorption coefficient is carbon black.

4. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the additional heating element is located in the channel in a vacuum.