WO2017001540A1 - Vorrichtung und verfahren zum entfernen von flüchtigen partikeln aus einem probengas - Google Patents
Vorrichtung und verfahren zum entfernen von flüchtigen partikeln aus einem probengas Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2017001540A1 WO2017001540A1 PCT/EP2016/065253 EP2016065253W WO2017001540A1 WO 2017001540 A1 WO2017001540 A1 WO 2017001540A1 EP 2016065253 W EP2016065253 W EP 2016065253W WO 2017001540 A1 WO2017001540 A1 WO 2017001540A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- evaporator
- sample gas
- heated
- core
- axial
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Ceased
Links
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
- G01N1/28—Preparing specimens for investigation including physical details of (bio-)chemical methods covered elsewhere, e.g. G01N33/50, C12Q
- G01N1/40—Concentrating samples
- G01N1/4022—Concentrating samples by thermal techniques; Phase changes
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01B—BOILING; BOILING APPARATUS ; EVAPORATION; EVAPORATION APPARATUS
- B01B1/00—Boiling; Boiling apparatus for physical or chemical purposes ; Evaporation in general
- B01B1/005—Evaporation for physical or chemical purposes; Evaporation apparatus therefor, e.g. evaporation of liquids for gas phase reactions
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B39/00—Evaporators; Condensers
- F25B39/02—Evaporators
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
- G01N1/02—Devices for withdrawing samples
- G01N1/22—Devices for withdrawing samples in the gaseous state
- G01N1/2202—Devices for withdrawing samples in the gaseous state involving separation of sample components during sampling
- G01N1/2214—Devices for withdrawing samples in the gaseous state involving separation of sample components during sampling by sorption
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
- G01N1/02—Devices for withdrawing samples
- G01N1/22—Devices for withdrawing samples in the gaseous state
- G01N1/2247—Sampling from a flowing stream of gas
- G01N1/2252—Sampling from a flowing stream of gas in a vehicle exhaust
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
- G01N1/02—Devices for withdrawing samples
- G01N1/22—Devices for withdrawing samples in the gaseous state
- G01N1/2247—Sampling from a flowing stream of gas
- G01N1/2252—Sampling from a flowing stream of gas in a vehicle exhaust
- G01N2001/2255—Sampling from a flowing stream of gas in a vehicle exhaust with dilution of the sample
Definitions
- the present invention relates to an apparatus and a method for removing volatile particles from a sample gas charged with volatile and solid particles, wherein a catalyst connected to a sample gas supply line and a catalyst downstream of the evaporator are provided, and the evaporator is the sample gas heated to convert the volatile particles in the gas phase, and the catalyst removes the gaseous phase transferred volatile particles, wherein the evaporator of the device is designed as Evaporatorrohr with a Evaporatorwand.
- a compact devolatilization device in a nebulized gas stream charged with volatile and solid particles, e.g. an aerosol, forth.
- Such a gas stream occurs in particular in the form of exhaust gas of an internal combustion engine.
- the volatile particles must be removed in order to prevent falsification of the measurement result caused by these particles.
- the volatile particles are first heated in an evaporator and thereby converted into the gas phase.
- the evaporator is followed downstream by a catalyst in which the volatile particles transferred to the gas phase are removed.
- the device For mobile applications of the device according to AT 13 239 U1, ie in a device which is to be arranged on a vehicle, the device has to be very compact and light in order to be able to accommodate it at all on the vehicle and by the weight of the device Do not over-influence the normal behavior of the vehicle.
- the size of the device should be as far as possible lent reduced.
- the components of the device ie evaporator and catalyst, require a certain size or overall length for their function.
- the evaporator can not be made arbitrarily short, since a sufficient length is necessary to heat the gas flowing through the evaporator to the required temperature (typically 280 ° C to 400 ° C). If the evaporator is too short at a certain flow rate of the gas, it can happen that the subsequent catalyst does not work optimally, since the gas can not be brought to the required temperature. Also, the catalyst can not be made arbitrarily small, since a certain active surface in the catalyst for the catalytic reaction is required.
- Evaporator a Evaporator core is arranged, which is in thermal contact with the Evaporatorwand and in which at least one axial passageway passage is provided.
- the method according to the invention is characterized in that the sample gas supplied to the evaporator is divided in the evaporator into a plurality of preferably parallel partial flows, by passing the sample gas through a plurality of axial passageways with heated surfaces in a heated evaporator core of the evaporator, whereby the partial flows are guided and heated over the heated surfaces of the axial passageways.
- the evaporator is heated via its evaporator wall. Due to the thermal contact of the evaporator core with the evaporator wall, the evaporator core is also heated.
- the sample gas passes through formed in Evaporatokern axial passageways.
- the sample gas is divided on the one hand to a plurality of partial flows, the partial flows are all performed on heated surfaces.
- a very efficient heating of the sample gas can be ensured in the evaporator.
- the length of the evaporator can thus be reduced, so that the entire device can be made more compact.
- the many partial flows can reduce the turbulence of the sample gas in the evaporator, which can also reduce associated problems with deposits of particles on the walls of the evaporator.
- a number of radially projecting webs are provided on the evaporator core distributed over the circumference, which rest at least partially against the Evaporatorwand and is provided in the circumferential direction between the webs at least one axial passageway.
- a direct heat transfer is realized by heat conduction, which supports the temperature control of Evaporatorkerns.
- the required axial passageways also form between the webs.
- a very compact, easy-to-use device results when the evaporator with the Evaporator core is made in one piece by distributed over the circumference at least one axially extending StegausEnglishept to form an axial passageway is provided, the at least one web, the Evaporator and the Evaporatorwand educated .
- the available flow area through the Evaporator core can be increased if the Evaporator at least one axially continuous recess is provided which forms at least one further axial passageway.
- a flow-calming section may be provided on the axial end of the evaporator core facing the feed line. This is preferably designed as a tapered axial end of the Evaporator core.
- the available heated surface in the evaporator can be further increased by a transition region is provided between the supply line and the evaporator, in which the flow cross section of the supply line merges with a larger flow cross-section of the evaporator.
- the flow of sample gas can be very easily influenced at the entrance to the evaporator when the flow calming section projects at least partially into the transition area or into the transition area and the feed line. Depending on how far the flow calming section protrudes, various effects on the flow will result, thus having a parameter for adjusting the flow to different applications of the device.
- FIG. 1 shows a device according to the invention with evaporator with evaporator core
- FIG. 7 shows a one-piece version of the evaporator Evaporator with core.
- the device comprises an evaporator 2 and a catalyst 3 arranged downstream thereof.
- the catalyst 3 can be designed as described in AT 13 239 111.
- Sample gas for example exhaust gas of an internal combustion engine, is supplied via a supply line 4.
- To the supply line 4 can be any gas Feeder be connected.
- the sample gas is supplied to a first diluter unit 5, in which the sample gas is diluted with dilution air.
- the first diluter unit 5 is optional and may be omitted.
- the diluted sample gas flows from the first diluter unit 5 into the evaporator 2, in which the volatile constituents of the sample gas are converted into the gas phase, ie volatilized.
- the volatilization is usually carried out by heating the sample gas in the evaporator 2 to a temperature required for this, which may vary depending on the nature of the sample gas. These volatilized particles are removed in the subsequent catalyst 3 by a catalytic reaction.
- a second diluent unit 6 Downstream of the catalyst 3, a second diluent unit 6 is arranged, in which sample gas flowing out of the catalyst 3 and released from the volatiles is diluted once more with dilution air.
- the second diluter unit 6 is optional and may be omitted.
- the thus purified sample gas is discharged via a discharge line 7 from the device. To the discharge line 7, any gas discharge can be connected, for example, a connection line to a gas analyzer for the analysis of the processed sample gas.
- Removal is therefore understood to mean a distance which allows the sample gas thus treated to be analyzed in a subsequent gas analyzer without negative disturbances by the volatile particles - for example a removal of at least 90% of the volatiles present.
- the first diluter unit 5, the evaporator 2 and the catalyst 3 are arranged in a first, heated part of the device 1.
- a heated base body 8 (one-piece or multi-part), for example made of stainless steel or aluminum, may be provided, in which these components are arranged.
- the heated base body 8 may, at least partially, be surrounded by a thermal insulation 9.
- the second diluter unit 6 is arranged in a second unheated part of the device 1.
- heating cartridges 10, 1 1 can be arranged, with which the main body 8 is heated. It can e.g. a first heating cartridge 1 1 may be arranged approximately at the level of the evaporator 2 for controlling the temperature of the evaporator 2 and a second heating cartridge 10 approximately at the height of the catalyst 3 for controlling the temperature of the catalyst 3. This makes it possible to keep the evaporator 2 and the catalyst 3 at different temperatures.
- the heating cartridges 10, 1 1 are preferably designed as well-known electric heating cartridges.
- the evaporator 2 is typically to a temperature range of 150 ° C to Tempered at 400 ° C.
- the catalyst 3 is typically also heated to a temperature range of 150 ° C to 400 ° C.
- the first and second dilution units 5, 6 are designed in the embodiment shown as per se known thinner with porous gas lines.
- the supply line 4 or the discharge line 7 is made porous over a certain length, for example in the form of a plurality of holes in the wall of the respective line.
- This porous portion of the supply line 4 or the discharge line 7 is surrounded by a sealed or sealed cavity 12, in which the dilution air is supplied under pressure.
- a dilution air line 13 can open into the respective cavity 12, to which any desired air supply can be connected.
- a metering valve 14 may be arranged in the dilution air line 13 in order to be able to regulate the amount of dilution air supplied.
- the execution of the diluting units 5, 6 with porous lines is only an example and in principle any suitable diluting unit, even different diluting units, can be used.
- the evaporator 2 is essentially formed by a Evaporatorrohr 20 with a Evaporatorwand 29, as shown in Figure 2.
- the catalyst 3 connects.
- the feed line 4 opens into the evaporator 2.
- a transition region 24 is provided on the evaporator tube 20 along which the feed line 4 conically rises from a smaller flow cross section of the feed line 4 to a larger flow cross section of the evaporator tube 20.
- the evaporator tube 20 is arranged in the heated part of the device 1, preferably in the base body 8 as described above and is in thermal contact with the heated part or the main body 8 via its evaporator wall 29.
- the evaporator tube 20 is opened by the first heating cartridge 11 brought a required temperature to heat the flowing through the evaporator tube 20 sample gas to volatilize the volatile particles.
- the first heating cartridge 1 1 directly heat the evaporator tube 20, for example, by being in direct contact with the Evaporatorwand 29 of the evaporator 2.
- an evaporator core 21 is arranged in the evaporator tube 20 according to the invention.
- the Evaporator core 21 is in thermal contact with the Evaporatorwand 29.
- the Evaporatorkern 21 is mitgeBCt.
- the evaporator core 21 is thus heated to the substantially same temperature as the Evaporatorwand 29.
- the thermal contact can be made via a direct contact of a part of the Evaporatorkerns 21 with the Evaporatorwand 29 and heat conduction, for example by the Evaporator core 21 on the inside of Evaporatorwand 29 is arranged adjacent.
- the evaporator core 21 must not close the flow channel through the evaporator 2, which is why a number of axial passageways 30 are provided in the evaporator core 21 through which the sample gas can flow axially through the evaporator 2. Due to the axial passageways 30 of the sample gas stream is thus divided into several partial flows through the Evaporator core. Through the Evaporator core 21 and the axial passageways 30, the heated surface over which flows through the sample gas flowing increases. The sample gas is thus heated more uniformly. At the same time, the evaporator 2 can also be made shorter at a certain flow rate, since a larger heating surface is available.
- FIG. 3 shows an evaporator core 21 with axial, continuous grooves 26 on the outer peripheral surface 25 as axially continuous recesses, between which radially projecting webs 28 are formed.
- the evaporator core 21 has distributed over the circumference a plurality of radially projecting webs 28, which can also be used to position the Evaporator core 21 in the Evaporatorrohr 20.
- the webs 28 are spaced from each other in the circumferential direction and extend over at least part of the axial length of the Evaporatorkerns 21.
- the webs 28 may also be interrupted in the axial direction one or more times. Thus, at least one web 28 is in direct thermally conductive contact with the Evaporatorwand 29 of the evaporator 2.
- the thermal contact for example, at least partially over the outer peripheral surface 25 of the Evaporatorkernes 21, which is at least partially formed by the radial ends of the webs 28, are prepared in that the outer peripheral surface 25 rests at least partially against the inside of the evaporator wall 29 of the evaporator tube 20.
- the thermal contact could also be produced by the flanks of the webs 28. Via this thermally conductive contact, the evacuator core 21 is also heated via the heated evaporator wall 29 of the evaporator 2.
- the evaporator core 21 is also heated by heat radiation from the hotter evaporator wall 29 of the evaporator tube 20.
- the evaporator core 21 has essentially the same temperature as the evaporator tube 20 in the main body 8.
- axial passageways 30 are formed for the flow of sample gas.
- axially continuous recesses 27 for example, holes, provided that form further axial passageways 30.
- a flow calming section 23 can be provided on the axial end of the evaporator core 21 facing the feed line 4, which should prevent or at least reduce turbulence in the flow of the sample gas through the evaporator 2.
- the flow calming section 23 can at least partially project into the feed line 4.
- the flow calming section 23 is designed as a tapered axial end of the evaporator core 21.
- the flow-calming section 23 preferably projects axially into the transition region 24 between the supply line 4 and the evaporator tube 20 and thus influences the flow in the transition region 24 in the intended flow-calming manner.
- FIGS. 4 and 5 show further embodiments of the evaporator core 21.
- a plurality of radially projecting webs 28 are arranged distributed over the circumference. The radially outer ends of the webs 28 form the outer peripheral surface 25 of the Evaporatorkernes 21 through which the Evaporator core 21 can be positioned and held in the Evaporatorrohr 20 again.
- axially continuous recesses 27 may be provided in the evaporator core 21 for the formation of further axial passageways 30 (FIG. 5).
- the evaporator core 21 again has a flow calming section 23 in the form of a pointed axial end at one axial end.
- FIG. 1 Another possible embodiment of the evaporator core 21 is shown in FIG.
- This evaporator core 21 has a star-shaped base surface with a plurality of radially projecting webs 28, which form the outer peripheral surface 25 of the Evaporatorkernes 21 at their radial ends.
- the star-shaped base surface is extruded along the longitudinal axis of the Evaporatorkernes 21, wherein, as in Figure 6, each cross-section can also be rotated about the longitudinal axis by an angle.
- the webs 28 can also be tapered tapering at an axial end in order to form a flow calming section 23.
- the axial passageways 30 arise for the sample gas.
- recesses 27 may be provided in the Evaporator core 21 to form additional axial passageways 30.
- a closed outer circumferential surface 25 on the evaporator core 21 which is at least partially in thermal contact with the inside of the evacuator wall 29.
- a number of axially continuous recesses 27 are then provided to form further axial passageways 30.
- the Evaporatorkern 21 with the webs 28 is always made in one piece in the described embodiments. In principle, it is also possible to produce the Evaporator core 21 in several parts.
- the evaporator core 21 is a separate component which is inserted into the evaporator tube 20.
- the evaporator tube 20 and the Evaporator core 21 may also be made in one piece, for example as a casting or milled from the solid component, as will be described with reference to FIG.
- the evaporator 2 in the evaporator 2 as axially continuous recesses distributed over the circumference a plurality of axially continuous web recesses 31 inserted. works, which form the webs 28 and thus also axial passageways 30 between the webs 28.
- the above-described axial passageways 30 in the evaporator 2 are preferably designed such that they also have a flow-calming effect on the flow of the sample gas through the evaporator 2.
- turbulence in the flow through the evaporator 2 should thus be avoided or at least reduced in order to counteract deposits of particles in the sample gas on the walls of the evaporator 2.
- This flow section 32 is preferably designed as an axial extension of the evaporator tube 20 that projects beyond the axial end of the evaporator core 21.
- the device for removing volatile particles from a sample gas can be easily adapted to different applications.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
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- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
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- Biomedical Technology (AREA)
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- Sampling And Sample Adjustment (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE112016002966.7T DE112016002966A5 (de) | 2015-06-30 | 2016-06-30 | Vorrichtung und verfahren zum entfernen von flüchtigen partikeln aus einem probengas |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| ATA50569/2015 | 2015-06-30 | ||
| ATA50569/2015A AT517361B1 (de) | 2015-06-30 | 2015-06-30 | Vorrichtung und Verfahren zum Entfernen von flüchtigen Partikeln aus einem Probengas |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| WO2017001540A1 true WO2017001540A1 (de) | 2017-01-05 |
Family
ID=56321939
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/EP2016/065253 Ceased WO2017001540A1 (de) | 2015-06-30 | 2016-06-30 | Vorrichtung und verfahren zum entfernen von flüchtigen partikeln aus einem probengas |
Country Status (3)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| AT (1) | AT517361B1 (de) |
| DE (1) | DE112016002966A5 (de) |
| WO (1) | WO2017001540A1 (de) |
Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE102004041815A1 (de) * | 2004-08-30 | 2006-03-09 | Gvp Gesellschaft Zur Vermarktung Der Porenbrennertechnik Mbh | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Verdampfung von Flüssigbrennstoffen |
| AT13239U1 (de) * | 2012-09-28 | 2013-09-15 | Avl List Gmbh | Vorrichtung zur Entfernung der flüchtigen Partikel aus einem Probengas |
Family Cites Families (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB748030A (en) * | 1953-04-07 | 1956-04-18 | Fresh Frozen Foods Ltd | Improvements in, or relating to, finned tubes, primarily intended for use as heat exchange elements |
| DE3318722A1 (de) * | 1983-05-21 | 1984-11-22 | K.H. Michael Dipl.-Ing. Schunk (FH), 7441 Wolfschlugen | Waermetauscher |
| CA2289428C (en) * | 1998-12-04 | 2008-12-09 | Beckett Gas, Inc. | Heat exchanger tube with integral restricting and turbulating structure |
| DE102011103110B4 (de) * | 2011-05-25 | 2014-08-28 | Benteler Automobiltechnik Gmbh | Abgassystem mit Kreislaufwärmerohr |
-
2015
- 2015-06-30 AT ATA50569/2015A patent/AT517361B1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
-
2016
- 2016-06-30 DE DE112016002966.7T patent/DE112016002966A5/de not_active Withdrawn
- 2016-06-30 WO PCT/EP2016/065253 patent/WO2017001540A1/de not_active Ceased
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE102004041815A1 (de) * | 2004-08-30 | 2006-03-09 | Gvp Gesellschaft Zur Vermarktung Der Porenbrennertechnik Mbh | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Verdampfung von Flüssigbrennstoffen |
| AT13239U1 (de) * | 2012-09-28 | 2013-09-15 | Avl List Gmbh | Vorrichtung zur Entfernung der flüchtigen Partikel aus einem Probengas |
Non-Patent Citations (2)
| Title |
|---|
| BERGLES, ARTHUR E.: "AUGMENTATION OF HEAT TRANSFER, TWO-PHASE", THERMOPEDIA, A-TO-Z GUIDE TO THERMODYNAMICS, HEAT AND MASS TRANSFER, AND FLUIDS ENGINEERING, 3 February 2011 (2011-02-03), XP055302666, Retrieved from the Internet <URL:http://www.thermopedia.com/content/575/> [retrieved on 20160914], DOI: 10.1615/AtoZ.a.augmentation_of_heat_transfer_two-phase * |
| WIELAND WERKE AG: "Star Tubes for enhanced heat transfer", XP002761881, Retrieved from the Internet <URL:http://www.wieland-thermalsolutions.com/mediaPool/content/media/en/prospekte/hochleistungsrohre/Sternprofilrohre.pdf> [retrieved on 20160914] * |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| AT517361A4 (de) | 2017-01-15 |
| AT517361B1 (de) | 2017-01-15 |
| DE112016002966A5 (de) | 2018-03-29 |
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