WO2017000668A1 - Power supply circuit and method of auxiliary power supply - Google Patents

Power supply circuit and method of auxiliary power supply Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2017000668A1
WO2017000668A1 PCT/CN2016/081443 CN2016081443W WO2017000668A1 WO 2017000668 A1 WO2017000668 A1 WO 2017000668A1 CN 2016081443 W CN2016081443 W CN 2016081443W WO 2017000668 A1 WO2017000668 A1 WO 2017000668A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
power supply
auxiliary power
circuit
main
power
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PCT/CN2016/081443
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French (fr)
Chinese (zh)
Inventor
欧阳艳红
曹青
郑周锋
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中兴通讯股份有限公司
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Publication of WO2017000668A1 publication Critical patent/WO2017000668A1/en

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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02MAPPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M1/00Details of apparatus for conversion
    • H02M1/32Means for protecting converters other than automatic disconnection
    • H02M1/34Snubber circuits
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02MAPPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M3/00Conversion of dc power input into dc power output
    • H02M3/02Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac
    • H02M3/04Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters
    • H02M3/10Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
    • H02M3/145Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
    • H02M3/155Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
    • H02M3/156Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of output voltage or current, e.g. switching regulators
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02MAPPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M7/00Conversion of ac power input into dc power output; Conversion of dc power input into ac power output
    • H02M7/02Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal
    • H02M7/04Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal by static converters
    • H02M7/12Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
    • H02M7/21Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
    • H02M7/217Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
    • H02M7/219Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only in a bridge configuration

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of electronic technologies, and in particular, to a power supply circuit and method for an auxiliary power source.
  • the power supply for the secondary side control circuit is generally divided into two parts: the starting power supply and the steady state power supply.
  • the more commonly used startup power supply and steady state power supply are shown in Figure 1 and Box 3 of Figure 1.
  • Box 1 is to start the power supply. After adding additional windings to the transformer windings, and then rectifying them through the diodes Dc and Cc, and then linearly regulating the voltage regulators RL, the Zener diodes DL, the power transistors QL and the voltage regulators CL, Power is supplied to the control circuit section; block 3 is a steady-state power supply.
  • block 3 is a steady-state power supply.
  • the voltage on the capacitor Cc can be established within several switching cycles.
  • the voltage on the Cc is a stable voltage with an analogy relationship with the input voltage, which can achieve the purpose of fast power supply.
  • the drawback of the power supply is that the voltage on the Cc is in a turn-to-turn relationship with the input voltage, which varies with the input voltage, and the power supply efficiency is low at a wide input voltage. Therefore, after the boot is completed, the secondary power supply will switch to the steady state power supply shown in Box 3.
  • the voltage on Cw is basically established following the establishment of the output voltage.
  • the output voltage is slowly rising, so the voltage on Cw is also slowly rising, and the power supply speed is slow;
  • the voltage on Cw will fluctuate up and down; in the case of no-load large-capacity shutdown, the voltage on Cw will increase sharply and even exceed the control due to nowhere on the inductor.
  • the circuit part of the chip can withstand the voltage range, which may cause damage to some parts of the control circuit, which seriously affects the reliability of the power supply.
  • Box 2 in Figure 1 shows the commonly used RCD (including resistor, capacitor and diode) absorbing circuits.
  • the energy on the snubber C is generally consumed by the discharge resistor R. This method reduces the power efficiency and requires the absorbing resistor.
  • the power consumption requirement is large, and the absorption resistor is bulky. Generally, a large package resistance is required to be placed, which affects the realization of the high power density of the power supply and the miniaturization of the volume.
  • the embodiment of the invention provides a power supply circuit and method for an auxiliary power source, which utilizes the energy of the absorption capacitor to supply power to the control circuit, and the control circuit simultaneously discharges the absorption capacitor, which is beneficial to improving the power supply efficiency and reducing the circuit volume.
  • an embodiment of the present invention provides a power supply circuit for an auxiliary power supply, including: an absorbing circuit and an auxiliary power switching converter, wherein the auxiliary power switching converter takes power from an absorbing capacitor of the absorbing circuit. Suck The receiving circuit is connected to the transformer or the inductor winding; the auxiliary power switching converter is regulated by voltage conversion, and supplies power to the control circuit; the main switch of the auxiliary power switching converter is controlled by at least one driving timing signal, and The drive timing signal is associated with a control timing signal of the main power topology.
  • control circuit discharges the absorption capacitance of the absorption circuit.
  • the absorbing circuit extracting energy from the main circuit includes the absorbing circuit taking energy from the transformer winding or the inductive winding.
  • the absorption circuit comprises: a capacitor and a diode; or a capacitor, a diode, and a discharge resistor that is increased according to a circuit requirement; the diode is connected to a transformer winding or an inductor in the main circuit.
  • the main switch of the auxiliary power switch converter at steady state is controlled by the at least one drive timing signal comprising: a drive timing signal of the auxiliary power switch converter and at least one of a transformer end or a single end ground signal in the main power topology
  • the timing of the signals is consistent.
  • the main switch in the auxiliary power switching converter is controlled by the at least one driving timing signal, and the driving timing signal of the auxiliary power switching converter is the timing of the transformer to the ground The superposition of signals.
  • the driving timing signal in the auxiliary power switching converter is always high.
  • the input terminals of the auxiliary power switching converter are respectively connected from one end of a capacitor in the snubber circuit.
  • the auxiliary power switching converter includes: a driving signal source circuit, a main power MOS transistor, a filter inductor, a freewheeling diode, and an auxiliary power source capacitor;
  • the driving signal source circuit provides a driving timing signal to the auxiliary power converter main power MOS transistor; the auxiliary power converter main power MOS transistor drain is connected to the first end of the capacitor in the absorbing circuit; the auxiliary power source
  • the main power MOS tube source stage of the converter is connected to the first end of the filter inductor; the main power MOS tube source stage is connected to the cathode of the freewheeling diode; the anode of the freewheeling diode is connected to the ground; the second end of the filter inductor
  • the first end of the auxiliary power supply capacitor is connected; the second end of the auxiliary power supply capacitor is connected to the reference ground.
  • the embodiment of the present invention further provides a power supply method for an auxiliary power source, including:
  • the auxiliary power switching converter takes energy from the snubber capacitance in the snubber circuit connected to the winding of the transformer;
  • the auxiliary power switching converter supplies the energy to the control circuit after voltage regulation, and the driving signal timing of the auxiliary power switching converter is associated with the main topology transformer to ground timing signal.
  • An embodiment of the present invention provides a power supply circuit and method for an auxiliary power supply
  • the power supply circuit of the auxiliary power supply includes an absorption circuit and an auxiliary power switching converter
  • the absorption circuit obtains energy from the main circuit for providing the control circuit Place
  • the auxiliary power switching converter is configured to perform conversion processing on the energy extracted from the absorbing circuit; supply the voltage after the voltage stabilization processing to the control circuit; and drive timing signals of the auxiliary power switching converter Both ends of the main power topology main transformer or single-ended to ground timing signals are associated.
  • the embodiment of the invention simplifies the winding design of the transformer and the inductor, reduces the copper loss of the transformer and the inductor in the limited winding volume, and improves the power supply efficiency; at the same time, the auxiliary power supply of the control circuit part discharges the absorption capacitor, and the absorption capacitor can be discharged without discharging. Resisting or reducing the number of discharge resistors saves energy, which is beneficial to improve power supply efficiency and reduce power supply volume.
  • the auxiliary power supply mode is suitable for applications with a wide input voltage range, high power supply efficiency, fast power supply, and stable power supply.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of a common secondary side power supply and absorption mode
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of an auxiliary power supply mode for simultaneously discharging an absorption capacitor
  • Figure 3 is a timing diagram of VDD boot-to-state Qf_dr drive
  • Figure 5 is a diagram showing the use of full-bridge rectification on the secondary side, the absorption winding mode of the inductor winding, and the drive timing diagram;
  • Figure 6 is a diagram showing the use of full-wave rectification on the secondary side, the absorption and extraction modes and the drive timing diagram at both ends of the transformer winding;
  • Figure 7 is a diagram showing the use of full-wave rectification on the secondary side, the absorption winding mode of the inductor winding, and the drive timing diagram;
  • Figure 8 is a diagram showing the absorption and power take-off mode and driving timing of the single-ended transformer winding
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of the power-on mode Qf startup and steady-state driving sequence of the single-ended transformer in FIG. 8;
  • Figure 10 is a schematic diagram of the auxiliary power supply voltage division power supply mode.
  • the embodiment of the present invention mainly provides a power supply circuit for an auxiliary power supply, comprising: an absorption circuit and an auxiliary power switching converter, wherein the auxiliary power switching converter takes power from an absorption capacitor of the absorption circuit, and the absorption circuit and the absorption circuit Transforming or inductive winding connection; the auxiliary power switching converter is regulated by voltage conversion to supply power to the control circuit; the main switch of the auxiliary power switching converter at steady state is controlled by at least one driving timing signal, and the driving Timing signal and main The control timing signals of the power topology are associated.
  • the embodiments of the present invention are described below by way of specific embodiments.
  • Embodiment 1 is a diagrammatic representation of Embodiment 1:
  • the main topology secondary side uses a full-bridge rectifier circuit
  • the absorption diodes Dc1, Dc2 are respectively connected to the two ends of the secondary transformer winding, together with the absorption capacitor C constitutes the absorption circuit of the Q2 and Q4 power tubes;
  • the auxiliary power switch The main switch tubes Qf, Lf, Df and Cf form a BUCK converter.
  • the BUCK converter takes power from the snubber capacitor C. After the conversion, the output voltage VDD is supplied to the control circuit. After the output voltage is completed, the driving signal when the main power topology duty ratio is stable is driven as shown in block B of FIG. 2, which is a signal superimposed by the VDS signal of Q2 and the VDS signal of Q4.
  • the principle of utilization is that the sum of the VDS signal of Q2 and the VDS signal of Q4 is the duty ratio of the main topology.
  • the VDD voltage is basically the same as the main topology output voltage, and is also a stable output. of.
  • Dc1, Dc2 and capacitor C are the absorption circuits of the power tube
  • Dz is the controllable precision voltage regulator source TL431
  • VDD is divided into Rz by Rsw1 and Rsw2.
  • the R terminal is used to set a VDD_min value.
  • the K terminal of Dz is high impedance.
  • Qs is turned on and Qf_dr is set high.
  • the K terminal of Dz is low impedance.
  • Qs is turned off, and Qf_dr is determined by the superposition of VDS_Q2 and VDS_Q4 signals.
  • 4 is only one of the circuit diagrams for implementing the Qf_dr signal, and any auxiliary power converter main power tube is driven by a simple conversion or other means in the art to obtain a Qf_dr timing signal similar to that shown in FIG.
  • the method of taking power from the absorbing capacitor and supplying power to the control circuit belongs to the protection scope of the present invention.
  • the snubber capacitor is powered by Dc1 and Dc2 simultaneously, but the power supply mode of the auxiliary power supply is realized by any one of the diodes.
  • the auxiliary power conversion mode shown in Figure A of Figure 2 is applied, as shown in Figure 3.
  • the manner in which the timing diagram completes the auxiliary power supply is within the scope of the present invention.
  • the secondary side uses the full-bridge synchronous rectification mode.
  • the power transistors Q1, Q2, Q3, and Q4 are power MOSFETs, and the secondary side is diodes (Q1, Q2, Q3, and Q4).
  • the diode) rectification or semi-synchronous Q1, Q3 is the diode, Q2, Q4 is the power switch
  • auxiliary power conversion mode shown in Figure A, Figure A, through the timing diagram shown in Figure 3 to complete the auxiliary power supply
  • the auxiliary power conversion mode shown in block A if VDD is only half of the main power topology output voltage, by changing Qf_dr in Figure 3 at VDD steady state only by VDS_Q2 or VDS_Q4
  • One of the signals can be generated, that is, only one of Dq2 or Dq4 is used in the schematic diagram of FIG. 4.
  • the steady-state voltage of VDD in FIG. 2 is basically half of the output voltage of the main topology, and this case also falls within the protection range of the present invention. within.
  • Embodiment 2 is a diagrammatic representation of Embodiment 1:
  • the secondary side is full-bridge rectification
  • the diode Dc1 and the capacitor C constitute an absorption circuit of Q2 and Q4
  • the auxiliary power switching converter takes power from the absorption capacitor C.
  • the driving timing of the switching signal Qf_dr of the main power tube of the auxiliary power switching converter is shown in FIG. 3 when the power is turned on, and the specific implementation process is as described in the first embodiment; in the steady state, as shown by the dotted line in FIG.
  • the VDS_Q2 and the VDS_Q4 are superimposed.
  • the specific implementation process is as described in the first embodiment.
  • the VDD steady-state power supply voltage is substantially the same as the main topology output voltage.
  • the secondary side uses the full-wave synchronous rectification mode.
  • the power transistors Q1, Q2, Q3, and Q4 are power MOSFETs, and the secondary side is diodes (Q1, Q2, Q3, and Q4).
  • the diode) rectification or semi-synchronous Q1, Q3 is the diode, Q2, Q4 is the power switch
  • auxiliary power conversion mode shown in Figure A, Figure A, through the timing diagram shown in Figure 3 to complete the auxiliary power supply
  • the VDD steady-state voltage in Fig. 5 is basically half of the main topology output voltage, and this case also falls within the protection scope of the present invention. .
  • Embodiment 3 is a diagrammatic representation of Embodiment 3
  • the secondary side is full-wave rectification
  • the diodes Dc1, Dc2 and the capacitor C constitute an absorption circuit of Q2 and Q4
  • the auxiliary power switching converter takes power from the absorption capacitor C.
  • the driving timing of the switching signal Qf_dr of the main power tube of the auxiliary power switching converter is shown in FIG. 3 when the power is turned on, and the specific implementation process is as described in the first embodiment; in the steady state, as shown by the dotted line in FIG. It is shown that the VDS_Q2 and the VDS_Q4 are superimposed, and the specific implementation process is as described in the first embodiment.
  • the VDD steady-state voltage in FIG. 6 is basically twice the main topology output voltage.
  • the snubber capacitor is powered by Dc1 and Dc2 simultaneously, but the power supply mode of the auxiliary power supply is realized by any one of the diodes.
  • the auxiliary power conversion mode shown in Figure A of Figure 2 is applied, as shown in Figure 3.
  • the manner in which the timing diagram completes the auxiliary power supply is within the scope of the present invention.
  • the secondary side uses the full-wave synchronous rectification method.
  • the power transistors Q2 and Q4 are power MOS tubes, and the secondary side uses diodes (Q2 and Q4 are diodes) for rectification.
  • the auxiliary power conversion mode shown in block A of FIG. 2, the manner of completing the auxiliary power supply by the timing chart shown in FIG. 3, belongs to the protection scope of the present invention.
  • Embodiment 4 is a diagrammatic representation of Embodiment 4:
  • the secondary side is full-wave rectification, and the diode Dc1 and the capacitor C form an absorption circuit of Q2 and Q4, which is auxiliary.
  • the power switching converter takes power from the snubber capacitor C.
  • the driving timing of the switching signal Qf_dr of the main power switch of the auxiliary power switching converter is shown in FIG. 3 when the power is turned on, and the specific implementation process is as described in the first embodiment; in the steady state, as shown by the dotted line in FIG. 7
  • the VDS_Q2 and the VDS_Q4 are superimposed.
  • the specific implementation process is as described in the first embodiment.
  • the VDD steady-state voltage in FIG. 7 is substantially the same as the main topology output voltage.
  • the secondary side uses the full-wave synchronous rectification method.
  • the power transistors Q2 and Q4 are power MOS tubes, and the secondary side uses diodes (Q2 and Q4 are diodes) for rectification.
  • the auxiliary power conversion mode shown in block A of FIG. 2, the manner of completing the auxiliary power supply by the timing chart shown in FIG. 3, belongs to the protection scope of the present invention.
  • the steady-state voltage of VDD in Fig. 7 is basically half of the output voltage of the main topology, and this case also falls within the protection scope of the present invention. .
  • Embodiment 5 is a diagrammatic representation of Embodiment 5:
  • the anode of the absorption diode Dc1 is connected to the junction of the transformer winding and the inductor winding, and is the drain of the freewheeling tube Q2.
  • the cathode of the absorption diode Dc1 is connected to the absorption capacitor C, and the auxiliary power switching converter is taken from the absorption capacitor C.
  • the steady-state driving timing of the Qf is as shown in the dotted line in Figure 8, and only VDS_Q2 is determined.
  • VDD boot timing shown in Figure 8 is shown in Figure 9.
  • Qf_dr is always high when VDD is less than VDD_min;
  • Qf_dr follows VDS_Q2 when VDD is greater than VDD_min;
  • Qf_dr is as long as VDD is less than VDD_min High.
  • the driving signal Qf_dr of Qf in Fig. 8 can still be realized by using the circuit diagram shown in Fig. 4, as long as the VDS_Q4 signal is removed.
  • Figure 8 shows the snubber capacitor power and VDD power supply mode.
  • the power transistors Q1 and Q2 are power MOS transistors, and the secondary side uses diodes (Q1 and Q2 diodes) to rectify.
  • the application shown in Figure 8 is applied.
  • the power conversion mode and the manner in which the auxiliary power supply is completed by the timing chart shown in FIG. 9 are all within the protection scope of the present invention.
  • the VDD steady-state voltage in Figure 8 is basically the main topology output voltage.
  • the main switching tube Qf of the auxiliary power switching converter in the first embodiment, the second, the third, the fourth and the fifth embodiment may be a power MOS tube or a power transistor realized by a simple conversion in the field; the freewheeling diode Df is also It can be a power MOS transistor; as long as the Qf_dr driving sequence described in the embodiment of the present invention is used to complete the power taking from the snubber capacitor and the power supply to the control circuit portion is simple, it belongs to the protection scope of the present invention.
  • the auxiliary power supply capacitor Cf in the above-mentioned specific embodiments one, two, three, four and five may be a capacitor or a series connection of several capacitors, as shown in FIG. 10, after the capacitor is divided in series, and then in each suitable The voltage point is powered, directly supplied to the control circuit, or after re-regulation, such as LDO, linear regulator, etc., and then supplied to each control circuit. This approach also falls within the scope of the present invention.
  • An embodiment of the present invention further provides a power supply method for an auxiliary power supply, comprising: an auxiliary power switching converter that extracts energy from an absorption capacitor in an absorption circuit connected to a winding of a transformer; the auxiliary power switching converter converts the energy
  • the control circuit is powered by voltage conversion, and the drive signal timing of the auxiliary power switching converter is associated with the main topology transformer to ground timing signal.
  • the method according to the above embodiment can be implemented by means of software plus a necessary general hardware platform, and of course, by hardware, but in many cases, the former is A better implementation.
  • the technical solution of the present invention which is essential or contributes to the prior art, may be embodied in the form of a software product stored in a storage medium (such as ROM/RAM, disk,
  • the optical disc includes a number of instructions for causing a terminal device (which may be a cell phone, a computer, a server, or a network device, etc.) to perform the methods described in various embodiments of the present invention.
  • each of the above modules may be implemented by software or hardware.
  • the foregoing may be implemented by, but not limited to, the foregoing modules are all located in the same processor; or, the modules are located in multiple In the processor.
  • Embodiments of the present invention also provide a storage medium.
  • the storage medium may be configured to store program code set to perform the following steps:
  • the auxiliary power switching converter obtains energy from the absorption capacitor in the absorption circuit connected to the winding of the transformer;
  • the auxiliary power switching converter supplies the energy to the control circuit by voltage conversion, and the driving signal timing of the auxiliary power switching converter is associated with the main topology transformer to ground timing signal.
  • modules or steps of the present invention described above can be implemented by a general-purpose computing device that can be centralized on a single computing device or distributed across a network of multiple computing devices. Alternatively, they may be implemented by program code executable by the computing device such that they may be stored in the storage device by the computing device and, in some cases, may be different from the order herein.
  • the steps shown or described are performed, or they are separately fabricated into individual integrated circuit modules, or a plurality of modules or steps thereof are fabricated as a single integrated circuit module.
  • the invention is not limited to any specific combination of hardware and software.
  • the power supply circuit and method for an auxiliary power supply provided by the embodiments of the present invention have the following beneficial effects: the embodiment of the present invention simplifies the winding design of the transformer and the inductor, and is advantageous for reducing the transformer and the inductance within the limited winding volume. Copper loss, improve power efficiency; at the same time, the auxiliary power supply of the control circuit part discharges the absorption capacitor.
  • the absorption capacitor can save the electric energy without increasing the discharge resistance or reducing the number of discharge resistors, which is beneficial to improve the power supply efficiency and reduce the power supply volume.
  • the power supply mode is suitable for applications with a wide input voltage range, high power supply efficiency, fast power supply, and stable power supply.

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  • Dc-Dc Converters (AREA)

Abstract

A power supply circuit and method of an auxiliary power supply. The power supply circuit of the auxiliary power supply comprises a snubber circuit and an auxiliary power supply switch converter. The auxiliary power supply switch converter draws electricity from a snubbing capacitor (C) in the snubber circuit connected to a winding of an inductor or a transformer (T1, T2), stabilizes a voltage via voltage transformation, and then supplies power to a control circuit. A primary switch (Qf) of the auxiliary power supply switch converter in a steady state is controlled by at least one driving timing signal (Qf_dr), and the driving timing signal is associated with control timing signals (VDS_Q2, VDS_Q4) in a main power topology. The power supply circuit and the method address the problems of a low power supply efficiency and a large circuit volume, simplify the winding design of a transformer or an inductor, and facilitate copper loss reduction in a transformer or an inductor with a limited winding volume.

Description

一种辅助电源的供电电路及方法Power supply circuit and method for auxiliary power supply 技术领域Technical field
本发明涉及电子技术领域,尤其涉及一种辅助电源的供电电路及方法。The present invention relates to the field of electronic technologies, and in particular, to a power supply circuit and method for an auxiliary power source.
背景技术Background technique
在开关电源领域,目前常用的辅助电源供电方式,除了独立辅助电源供电以及单独的线性电源供电之外,使用最广的就是绕组供电。In the field of switching power supplies, the commonly used auxiliary power supply mode, in addition to the independent auxiliary power supply and the separate linear power supply, the most widely used is the winding power supply.
隔离拓扑中,对于副边控制电路部分的供电,一般分为启动供电和稳态供电两部分。目前比较常用的启动供电以及稳态供电如图1中框1和框3所示。框1为启动供电,通过在变压器绕组上增加额外绕组,然后经过二极管Dc、电容Cc整流之后,再经过稳压电阻RL、稳压二极管DL、功率管QL以及稳压电容CL线性稳压之后,供电给控制电路部分;框3为稳态供电,通过在电感绕组上增加额外绕组,经过二极管Dw、电容Cw稳压之后,得到跟输出电压成一个电感绕组匝比关系的稳定电压,直接供电给控制电路部分。In the isolated topology, the power supply for the secondary side control circuit is generally divided into two parts: the starting power supply and the steady state power supply. At present, the more commonly used startup power supply and steady state power supply are shown in Figure 1 and Box 3 of Figure 1. Box 1 is to start the power supply. After adding additional windings to the transformer windings, and then rectifying them through the diodes Dc and Cc, and then linearly regulating the voltage regulators RL, the Zener diodes DL, the power transistors QL and the voltage regulators CL, Power is supplied to the control circuit section; block 3 is a steady-state power supply. By adding additional windings to the inductor windings, after diode Dw and capacitor Cw are regulated, a stable voltage is obtained which is proportional to the output voltage and is proportional to the output winding. Control circuit part.
图1中框1所示的启动供电,电容Cc上电压可以在几个开关周期之内就建立,Cc上电压是与输入电压存在一个匝比关系的稳定电压,能够达到快速供电的目的,这种供电的缺陷是Cc上的电压与输入电压成一个匝比关系,随输入电压变化而变化,在宽输入电压情况下,供电效率较低。所以在开机完成之后,副边供电会切换到框3所示的稳态供电。The starting power supply shown in block 1 of Figure 1, the voltage on the capacitor Cc can be established within several switching cycles. The voltage on the Cc is a stable voltage with an analogy relationship with the input voltage, which can achieve the purpose of fast power supply. The drawback of the power supply is that the voltage on the Cc is in a turn-to-turn relationship with the input voltage, which varies with the input voltage, and the power supply efficiency is low at a wide input voltage. Therefore, after the boot is completed, the secondary power supply will switch to the steady state power supply shown in Box 3.
框3所示的稳态供电,Cw上电压基本跟随输出电压建立而建立,为了限制主电路中的冲击电流,输出电压是缓慢上升的,所以Cw上电压也是缓慢上升的,供电速度慢;且在输出端空满载情况下,Cw上电压还会出现上下波动的情况;在空载大容载关机情况下,由于电感上能量无处释放,还会导致Cw上电压急剧增加,甚至会超过控制电路部分芯片可承受电压范围,导致控制电路部分器件损坏的可能,严重影响电源的可靠性。The steady-state power supply shown in block 3, the voltage on Cw is basically established following the establishment of the output voltage. In order to limit the inrush current in the main circuit, the output voltage is slowly rising, so the voltage on Cw is also slowly rising, and the power supply speed is slow; In the case of full load at the output end, the voltage on Cw will fluctuate up and down; in the case of no-load large-capacity shutdown, the voltage on Cw will increase sharply and even exceed the control due to nowhere on the inductor. The circuit part of the chip can withstand the voltage range, which may cause damage to some parts of the control circuit, which seriously affects the reliability of the power supply.
图1中框2所示为一般使用的RCD(包括电阻、电容和二极管)吸收电路,吸收电容C上的能量一般通过放电电阻R消耗掉,这种方式使电源效率降低,且需要的吸收电阻功耗要求较大,吸收电阻体积大,一般需要布放多颗大封装电阻,影响电源高功率密度的实现以及体积的小型化。Box 2 in Figure 1 shows the commonly used RCD (including resistor, capacitor and diode) absorbing circuits. The energy on the snubber C is generally consumed by the discharge resistor R. This method reduces the power efficiency and requires the absorbing resistor. The power consumption requirement is large, and the absorption resistor is bulky. Generally, a large package resistance is required to be placed, which affects the realization of the high power density of the power supply and the miniaturization of the volume.
发明内容Summary of the invention
本发明实施例提供了一种辅助电源的供电电路及方法,利用了吸收电容的能量来为控制电路供电,控制电路同时为吸收电容放电,利于提高电源效率、减小电路体积。The embodiment of the invention provides a power supply circuit and method for an auxiliary power source, which utilizes the energy of the absorption capacitor to supply power to the control circuit, and the control circuit simultaneously discharges the absorption capacitor, which is beneficial to improving the power supply efficiency and reducing the circuit volume.
为至少实现上述目的,本发明实施例提供一种辅助电源的供电电路,包括:吸收电路及辅助电源开关变换器,所述辅助电源开关变换器从所述吸收电路的吸收电容上取电,所述吸 收电路与变压器或电感绕组连接;所述辅助电源开关变换器通过电压变换稳压后,为控制电路供电;所述辅助电源开关变换器稳态时的主开关由至少一个驱动时序信号控制,且所述驱动时序信号与主功率拓扑的控制时序信号相关联。In order to achieve at least the above object, an embodiment of the present invention provides a power supply circuit for an auxiliary power supply, including: an absorbing circuit and an auxiliary power switching converter, wherein the auxiliary power switching converter takes power from an absorbing capacitor of the absorbing circuit. Suck The receiving circuit is connected to the transformer or the inductor winding; the auxiliary power switching converter is regulated by voltage conversion, and supplies power to the control circuit; the main switch of the auxiliary power switching converter is controlled by at least one driving timing signal, and The drive timing signal is associated with a control timing signal of the main power topology.
在本发明的一种实施方式中,所述控制电路为所述吸收电路的吸收电容放电。In one embodiment of the invention, the control circuit discharges the absorption capacitance of the absorption circuit.
在本发明的一种实施方式中,所述吸收电路从主电路中获取能量包括:所述吸收电路从与变压器绕组或电感绕组处获取能量。In one embodiment of the invention, the absorbing circuit extracting energy from the main circuit includes the absorbing circuit taking energy from the transformer winding or the inductive winding.
在本发明的一种实施方式中,所述吸收电路包括:电容和二极管;或者电容、二极管和根据电路需要增加的放电电阻;所述二极管与主电路中的变压器绕组或电感连接。In one embodiment of the invention, the absorption circuit comprises: a capacitor and a diode; or a capacitor, a diode, and a discharge resistor that is increased according to a circuit requirement; the diode is connected to a transformer winding or an inductor in the main circuit.
所述辅助电源开关变换器稳态时的主开关由至少一个驱动时序信号控制包括:所述辅助电源开关变换器的驱动时序信号与主功率拓扑中变压器两端或者单端对地信号的至少一个信号的时序一致。The main switch of the auxiliary power switch converter at steady state is controlled by the at least one drive timing signal comprising: a drive timing signal of the auxiliary power switch converter and at least one of a transformer end or a single end ground signal in the main power topology The timing of the signals is consistent.
在本发明的一种实施方式中,所述辅助电源开关变换器中的主开关由至少一个驱动时序信号控制包括:所述辅助电源开关变换器的驱动时序信号为所述变压器两端对地时序信号的叠加。In an embodiment of the present invention, the main switch in the auxiliary power switching converter is controlled by the at least one driving timing signal, and the driving timing signal of the auxiliary power switching converter is the timing of the transformer to the ground The superposition of signals.
在本发明的一种实施方式中,在所述供电给控制电路的辅助电源启动过程中,当其供电电压低于预设电压值时,所述辅助电源开关变换器中的驱动时序信号始终为高。In an embodiment of the present invention, when the power supply voltage is lower than the preset voltage value during the startup of the auxiliary power supply to the control circuit, the driving timing signal in the auxiliary power switching converter is always high.
在本发明的一种实施方式中,所述辅助电源开关变换器的输入端分别从所述吸收电路中的电容的一端接入。In one embodiment of the invention, the input terminals of the auxiliary power switching converter are respectively connected from one end of a capacitor in the snubber circuit.
在本发明的一种实施方式中,所述辅助电源开关变换器包括:驱动信号源电路、主功率MOS管、滤波电感、续流二极管及辅助电源电容;In an embodiment of the present invention, the auxiliary power switching converter includes: a driving signal source circuit, a main power MOS transistor, a filter inductor, a freewheeling diode, and an auxiliary power source capacitor;
所述驱动信号源电路提供驱动时序信号给所述辅助电源变换器主功率MOS管;所述辅助电源变换器主功率MOS管漏极连接所述吸收电路中电容的第一端;所述辅助电源变换器主功率MOS管源级连接滤波电感的第一端;所述主功率MOS管源级连接续流二极管的阴极;所述续流二极管的阳极连接参考地;所述滤波电感的第二端连接辅助电源电容的第一端;所述辅助电源电容的第二端连接参考地。The driving signal source circuit provides a driving timing signal to the auxiliary power converter main power MOS transistor; the auxiliary power converter main power MOS transistor drain is connected to the first end of the capacitor in the absorbing circuit; the auxiliary power source The main power MOS tube source stage of the converter is connected to the first end of the filter inductor; the main power MOS tube source stage is connected to the cathode of the freewheeling diode; the anode of the freewheeling diode is connected to the ground; the second end of the filter inductor The first end of the auxiliary power supply capacitor is connected; the second end of the auxiliary power supply capacitor is connected to the reference ground.
为至少解决上述技术问题,本发明实施例还提供了一种辅助电源的供电方法,包括:In order to solve at least the above technical problem, the embodiment of the present invention further provides a power supply method for an auxiliary power source, including:
辅助电源开关变换器从与变压器的绕组连接的吸收电路中的吸收电容上获取能量;The auxiliary power switching converter takes energy from the snubber capacitance in the snubber circuit connected to the winding of the transformer;
所述辅助电源开关变换器将所述能量通过电压变换稳压后为所述控制电路供电,所述辅助电源开关变换器的驱动信号时序与所述主拓扑变压器对地时序信号相关联。The auxiliary power switching converter supplies the energy to the control circuit after voltage regulation, and the driving signal timing of the auxiliary power switching converter is associated with the main topology transformer to ground timing signal.
本发明实施例的有益效果是:The beneficial effects of the embodiments of the present invention are:
本发明实施例提供的一种辅助电源的供电电路及方法,该辅助电源的供电电路包括吸收电路及辅助电源开关变换器,所述吸收电路从主电路中获取能量,用于提供所述控制电路所 需能量;所述辅助电源开关变换器设置为将从所述吸收电路中提取的能量进行变换处理;将稳压处理后的电压供电给控制电路;所述辅助电源开关变换器的驱动时序信号与主功率拓扑主变压器的两端或单端对地时序信号相关联。本发明实施例简化了变压器以及电感的绕组设计,利于在有限绕线体积内降低变压器以及电感的铜损,提高电源效率;同时控制电路部分的辅助电源为吸收电容放电,吸收电容可以不加放电电阻或减少放电电阻的数目,节约了电能,利于提高电源效率、减小电源体积;该辅助电源供电方式适应宽输入电压范围的应用场合,供电效率高、供电速度快、供电稳定。An embodiment of the present invention provides a power supply circuit and method for an auxiliary power supply, the power supply circuit of the auxiliary power supply includes an absorption circuit and an auxiliary power switching converter, and the absorption circuit obtains energy from the main circuit for providing the control circuit Place The auxiliary power switching converter is configured to perform conversion processing on the energy extracted from the absorbing circuit; supply the voltage after the voltage stabilization processing to the control circuit; and drive timing signals of the auxiliary power switching converter Both ends of the main power topology main transformer or single-ended to ground timing signals are associated. The embodiment of the invention simplifies the winding design of the transformer and the inductor, reduces the copper loss of the transformer and the inductor in the limited winding volume, and improves the power supply efficiency; at the same time, the auxiliary power supply of the control circuit part discharges the absorption capacitor, and the absorption capacitor can be discharged without discharging. Resisting or reducing the number of discharge resistors saves energy, which is beneficial to improve power supply efficiency and reduce power supply volume. The auxiliary power supply mode is suitable for applications with a wide input voltage range, high power supply efficiency, fast power supply, and stable power supply.
附图说明DRAWINGS
此处所说明的附图用来提供对本发明的进一步理解,构成本申请的一部分,本发明的示意性实施例及其说明用于解释本发明,并不构成对本发明的不当限定。在附图中:The drawings described herein are intended to provide a further understanding of the invention, and are intended to be a part of the invention. In the drawing:
图1为常用副边供电与吸收方式示意图;Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of a common secondary side power supply and absorption mode;
图2为同时为吸收电容放电的辅助电源供电方式示意图;2 is a schematic diagram of an auxiliary power supply mode for simultaneously discharging an absorption capacitor;
图3为VDD开机到稳态Qf_dr驱动时序图;Figure 3 is a timing diagram of VDD boot-to-state Qf_dr drive;
图4为Qf_dr具体实现电路示意图;4 is a schematic diagram of a specific implementation circuit of Qf_dr;
图5为副边使用全桥整流,电感绕组吸收取电方式以及驱动时序图;Figure 5 is a diagram showing the use of full-bridge rectification on the secondary side, the absorption winding mode of the inductor winding, and the drive timing diagram;
图6为副边使用全波整流,变压器绕组两端吸收取电方式以及驱动时序图;Figure 6 is a diagram showing the use of full-wave rectification on the secondary side, the absorption and extraction modes and the drive timing diagram at both ends of the transformer winding;
图7为副边使用全波整流,电感绕组吸收取电方式以及驱动时序图;Figure 7 is a diagram showing the use of full-wave rectification on the secondary side, the absorption winding mode of the inductor winding, and the drive timing diagram;
图8为单端变压器绕组吸收取电方式以及驱动时序图;Figure 8 is a diagram showing the absorption and power take-off mode and driving timing of the single-ended transformer winding;
图9为图8中单端变压器取电方式Qf开机以及稳态驱动时序示意图;9 is a schematic diagram of the power-on mode Qf startup and steady-state driving sequence of the single-ended transformer in FIG. 8;
图10为辅助电源分压供电方式示意图。Figure 10 is a schematic diagram of the auxiliary power supply voltage division power supply mode.
具体实施方式detailed description
下面通过具体实施方式结合附图对本发明作进一步详细说明。需要说明的是,在不冲突的情况下,本申请中的实施例及实施例中的特征可以相互组合。The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be noted that the embodiments in the present application and the features in the embodiments may be combined with each other without conflict.
需要说明的是,本发明的说明书和权利要求书及上述附图中的术语“第一”、“第二”等是用于区别类似的对象,而不必用于描述特定的顺序或先后次序。It is to be understood that the terms "first", "second" and the like in the specification and claims of the present invention are used to distinguish similar objects, and are not necessarily used to describe a particular order or order.
本发明实施例主要提供了一种辅助电源的供电电路,包括:吸收电路及辅助电源开关变换器,所述辅助电源开关变换器从所述吸收电路的吸收电容上取电,所述吸收电路与变压器或电感绕组连接;所述辅助电源开关变换器通过电压变换稳压后,为控制电路供电;所述辅助电源开关变换器稳态时的主开关由至少一个驱动时序信号控制,且所述驱动时序信号与主 功率拓扑的控制时序信号相关联。下面通过具体实施例对本发明实施例进行说明。The embodiment of the present invention mainly provides a power supply circuit for an auxiliary power supply, comprising: an absorption circuit and an auxiliary power switching converter, wherein the auxiliary power switching converter takes power from an absorption capacitor of the absorption circuit, and the absorption circuit and the absorption circuit Transforming or inductive winding connection; the auxiliary power switching converter is regulated by voltage conversion to supply power to the control circuit; the main switch of the auxiliary power switching converter at steady state is controlled by at least one driving timing signal, and the driving Timing signal and main The control timing signals of the power topology are associated. The embodiments of the present invention are described below by way of specific embodiments.
实施例一:Embodiment 1:
如图2所示,主拓扑副边使用全桥整流电路,吸收二极管Dc1、Dc2分别连接副边变压器绕组的两端,与吸收电容C一起组成Q2以及Q4功率管的吸收电路;辅助电源开关变换器的主开关管Qf、Lf、Df以及Cf组成BUCK变换器。BUCK变换器从吸收电容C处取电,经过变换之后,输出电压VDD,供电给控制电路。其中Qf在输出电压完成建立之后,主功率拓扑占空比稳定时的驱动信号如图2中方框B所示驱动时序图,它为Q2的VDS信号与Q4的VDS信号叠加的信号。利用的原理是,Q2的VDS信号与Q4的VDS信号叠加之和,为主拓扑的占空比大小,在输出电压稳定的电路拓扑情况下,VDD电压基本与主拓扑输出电压相同,也是稳定输出的。As shown in Figure 2, the main topology secondary side uses a full-bridge rectifier circuit, the absorption diodes Dc1, Dc2 are respectively connected to the two ends of the secondary transformer winding, together with the absorption capacitor C constitutes the absorption circuit of the Q2 and Q4 power tubes; the auxiliary power switch The main switch tubes Qf, Lf, Df and Cf form a BUCK converter. The BUCK converter takes power from the snubber capacitor C. After the conversion, the output voltage VDD is supplied to the control circuit. After the output voltage is completed, the driving signal when the main power topology duty ratio is stable is driven as shown in block B of FIG. 2, which is a signal superimposed by the VDS signal of Q2 and the VDS signal of Q4. The principle of utilization is that the sum of the VDS signal of Q2 and the VDS signal of Q4 is the duty ratio of the main topology. Under the circuit topology with stable output voltage, the VDD voltage is basically the same as the main topology output voltage, and is also a stable output. of.
由于主拓扑的占空比在开机时,是缓慢建立的,而我们需要VDD快速建立起来,供电给控制电路部分,且在开机过程中,功率管Q2以及Q4应力是最大的,需要对吸收电容C尽可能多的放电,基于两方面考虑,Qf的驱动时序与VDD建立时间关系如图3所示。VDD从0开始建立时,在VDD小于VDD_min时,Qf_dr始终为高;当VDD大于VDD_min时,Qf_dr跟随VDS_Q2与VDS_Q4的叠加;只要VDD小于VDD_min,则Qf_dr就为高。Since the duty cycle of the main topology is slowly established at boot time, we need to quickly establish VDD and supply power to the control circuit. During the boot process, the power tube Q2 and Q4 stress are the largest, and the snubber capacitor is required. C discharge as much as possible. Based on two considerations, the relationship between the driving timing of Qf and the VDD settling time is shown in Fig. 3. When VDD is established from 0, Qf_dr is always high when VDD is less than VDD_min; Qf_dr follows the superposition of VDS_Q2 and VDS_Q4 when VDD is greater than VDD_min; Qf_dr is high as long as VDD is less than VDD_min.
Qf_dr的具体实现电路其中的一种方式如图4所示,Dc1、Dc2以及电容C为功率管的吸收电路,Dz为可控精密稳压源TL431,VDD通过Rsw1以及Rsw2分压给到Dz的R端来设定一个VDD_min值。当VDD分压低于TL431内部稳压值时,Dz的K端为高阻抗,此时Qs导通,Qf_dr置高;当VDD分压高于TL431内部稳压值时,Dz的K端为低阻抗,此时Qs关断,Qf_dr由VDS_Q2以及VDS_Q4信号的叠加决定。图4只是其中一种实现Qf_dr信号的电路示意图,任何通过本领域简单的变换或者其他的方式以获得类似于图3所示Qf_dr时序信号的方式来驱动辅助电源变换器主功率管,以实现从吸收电容处取电,供电给控制电路的方法都属于本发明保护范围。One of the specific implementation circuits of Qf_dr is shown in Figure 4. Dc1, Dc2 and capacitor C are the absorption circuits of the power tube, Dz is the controllable precision voltage regulator source TL431, and VDD is divided into Rz by Rsw1 and Rsw2. The R terminal is used to set a VDD_min value. When the VDD divider is lower than the internal regulation value of TL431, the K terminal of Dz is high impedance. At this time, Qs is turned on and Qf_dr is set high. When the VDD divider is higher than the internal regulation value of TL431, the K terminal of Dz is low impedance. At this time, Qs is turned off, and Qf_dr is determined by the superposition of VDS_Q2 and VDS_Q4 signals. 4 is only one of the circuit diagrams for implementing the Qf_dr signal, and any auxiliary power converter main power tube is driven by a simple conversion or other means in the art to obtain a Qf_dr timing signal similar to that shown in FIG. The method of taking power from the absorbing capacitor and supplying power to the control circuit belongs to the protection scope of the present invention.
图2中吸收电容取电是通过Dc1以及Dc2同时取电,只是通过其中任何一个二极管,来实现辅助电源的取电方式,应用图2框A所示的辅助电源变换方式,通过图3所示时序图完成辅助电源供电的方式,都属于本发明保护范围。In Figure 2, the snubber capacitor is powered by Dc1 and Dc2 simultaneously, but the power supply mode of the auxiliary power supply is realized by any one of the diodes. The auxiliary power conversion mode shown in Figure A of Figure 2 is applied, as shown in Figure 3. The manner in which the timing diagram completes the auxiliary power supply is within the scope of the present invention.
图2中给出的主拓扑,副边使用的是全桥同步整流的方式,功率管Q1、Q2、Q3、Q4为功率MOS管,而副边使用均为二极管(Q1、Q2、Q3、Q4为二极管)整流或者半同步(Q1、Q3为二极管,Q2、Q4为功率开关管)整流的方式,应用图2框A所示的辅助电源变换方式,通过图3所示时序图完成辅助电源供电的方式,都属于本发明保护范围。In the main topology given in Figure 2, the secondary side uses the full-bridge synchronous rectification mode. The power transistors Q1, Q2, Q3, and Q4 are power MOSFETs, and the secondary side is diodes (Q1, Q2, Q3, and Q4). For the diode) rectification or semi-synchronous (Q1, Q3 is the diode, Q2, Q4 is the power switch) rectification, using the auxiliary power conversion mode shown in Figure A, Figure A, through the timing diagram shown in Figure 3 to complete the auxiliary power supply The manner of the present invention falls within the scope of protection of the present invention.
或者,图2中给出的主拓扑,框A所示的辅助电源变换方式,如果VDD仅为主功率拓扑输出电压的一半,通过改变图3中Qf_dr在VDD稳态时只由VDS_Q2或者VDS_Q4的其中一个信号产生即可实现,也就是图4示意图中Dq2或者Dq4只使用其中一个,这时图2中VDD稳态电压基本为主拓扑输出电压的一半,此种情况也落入本发明保护范围之内。 Or, in the main topology shown in Figure 2, the auxiliary power conversion mode shown in block A, if VDD is only half of the main power topology output voltage, by changing Qf_dr in Figure 3 at VDD steady state only by VDS_Q2 or VDS_Q4 One of the signals can be generated, that is, only one of Dq2 or Dq4 is used in the schematic diagram of FIG. 4. At this time, the steady-state voltage of VDD in FIG. 2 is basically half of the output voltage of the main topology, and this case also falls within the protection range of the present invention. within.
实施例二:Embodiment 2:
如图5所示,副边为全桥整流,二极管Dc1与电容C组成Q2以及Q4的吸收电路,辅助电源开关变换器从吸收电容C处取电。辅助电源开关变换器主功率管的开关信号Qf_dr的驱动时序,在开机时,如图3所示,具体实现过程见具体实施例一所述;在稳态时,如图5中虚线框内所示,由VDS_Q2以及VDS_Q4叠加获得,具体实现过程见具体实施例一所述,此时VDD稳态供电电压基本与主拓扑输出电压相同。As shown in FIG. 5, the secondary side is full-bridge rectification, the diode Dc1 and the capacitor C constitute an absorption circuit of Q2 and Q4, and the auxiliary power switching converter takes power from the absorption capacitor C. The driving timing of the switching signal Qf_dr of the main power tube of the auxiliary power switching converter is shown in FIG. 3 when the power is turned on, and the specific implementation process is as described in the first embodiment; in the steady state, as shown by the dotted line in FIG. The VDS_Q2 and the VDS_Q4 are superimposed. The specific implementation process is as described in the first embodiment. At this time, the VDD steady-state power supply voltage is substantially the same as the main topology output voltage.
图5中给出的主拓扑,副边使用的是全波同步整流的方式,功率管Q1、Q2、Q3、Q4为功率MOS管,而副边使用均为二极管(Q1、Q2、Q3、Q4为二极管)整流或者半同步(Q1、Q3为二极管,Q2、Q4为功率开关管)整流的方式,应用图2框A所示的辅助电源变换方式,通过图3所示时序图完成辅助电源供电的方式,都属于本发明保护范围。In the main topology given in Figure 5, the secondary side uses the full-wave synchronous rectification mode. The power transistors Q1, Q2, Q3, and Q4 are power MOSFETs, and the secondary side is diodes (Q1, Q2, Q3, and Q4). For the diode) rectification or semi-synchronous (Q1, Q3 is the diode, Q2, Q4 is the power switch) rectification, using the auxiliary power conversion mode shown in Figure A, Figure A, through the timing diagram shown in Figure 3 to complete the auxiliary power supply The manner of the present invention falls within the scope of protection of the present invention.
图5中给出的主拓扑,框A所示的辅助电源变换方式,如果VDD仅为主功率拓扑输出电压的一半,通过改变图3中Qf_dr在VDD稳态时只由VDS_Q2或者VDS_Q4的其中一个信号产生即可实现,也就是图4示意图中Dq2或者Dq4只使用其中一个,这时图5中VDD稳态电压基本为主拓扑输出电压的一半,此种情况也落入本发明保护范围之内。The main topology shown in Figure 5, the auxiliary power conversion mode shown in Box A, if VDD is only half of the main power topology output voltage, by changing Qf_dr in Figure 3 at VDD steady state only by one of VDS_Q2 or VDS_Q4 Signal generation can be realized, that is, Dq2 or Dq4 in Fig. 4 only uses one of them. At this time, the VDD steady-state voltage in Fig. 5 is basically half of the main topology output voltage, and this case also falls within the protection scope of the present invention. .
实施例三:Embodiment 3:
如图6所示,副边为全波整流,二极管Dc1、Dc2与电容C组成Q2以及Q4的吸收电路,辅助电源开关变换器从吸收电容C处取电。辅助电源开关变换器主功率管的开关信号Qf_dr的驱动时序,在开机时,如图3所示,具体实现过程见具体实施例一所述;在稳态时,如图6中虚线框内所示,由VDS_Q2以及VDS_Q4叠加获得,具体实现过程见具体实施例一所述。此时由于吸收电容C上电压为中心抽头方波电压的2倍,所以图6中VDD稳态电压基本为主拓扑输出电压的2倍。As shown in FIG. 6, the secondary side is full-wave rectification, the diodes Dc1, Dc2 and the capacitor C constitute an absorption circuit of Q2 and Q4, and the auxiliary power switching converter takes power from the absorption capacitor C. The driving timing of the switching signal Qf_dr of the main power tube of the auxiliary power switching converter is shown in FIG. 3 when the power is turned on, and the specific implementation process is as described in the first embodiment; in the steady state, as shown by the dotted line in FIG. It is shown that the VDS_Q2 and the VDS_Q4 are superimposed, and the specific implementation process is as described in the first embodiment. At this time, since the voltage on the absorbing capacitor C is twice the center tapped square wave voltage, the VDD steady-state voltage in FIG. 6 is basically twice the main topology output voltage.
图6中吸收电容取电是通过Dc1以及Dc2同时取电,只是通过其中任何一个二极管,来实现辅助电源的取电方式,应用图2框A所示的辅助电源变换方式,通过图3所示时序图完成辅助电源供电的方式,都属于本发明保护范围。In Figure 6, the snubber capacitor is powered by Dc1 and Dc2 simultaneously, but the power supply mode of the auxiliary power supply is realized by any one of the diodes. The auxiliary power conversion mode shown in Figure A of Figure 2 is applied, as shown in Figure 3. The manner in which the timing diagram completes the auxiliary power supply is within the scope of the present invention.
图6中给出的主拓扑,副边使用的是全波同步整流的方式,功率管Q2、Q4为功率MOS管,而副边使用均为二极管(Q2、Q4为二极管)整流的方式,应用图2框A所示的辅助电源变换方式,通过图3所示时序图完成辅助电源供电的方式,都属于本发明保护范围。In the main topology given in Figure 6, the secondary side uses the full-wave synchronous rectification method. The power transistors Q2 and Q4 are power MOS tubes, and the secondary side uses diodes (Q2 and Q4 are diodes) for rectification. The auxiliary power conversion mode shown in block A of FIG. 2, the manner of completing the auxiliary power supply by the timing chart shown in FIG. 3, belongs to the protection scope of the present invention.
图6中给出的主拓扑,框A所示的辅助电源变换方式,如果VDD仅为主功率拓扑输出电压的一半,通过改变图3中Qf_dr在VDD稳态时只由VDS_Q2或者VDS_Q4的其中一个信号产生即可实现,也就是图4示意图中Dq2或者Dq4只使用其中一个,这时图6中VDD电压基本与主拓扑输出电压相同,这种情况也落入本发明保护范围之内。The main topology shown in Figure 6, the auxiliary power conversion mode shown in Box A, if VDD is only half of the main power topology output voltage, by changing Qf_dr in Figure 3, the VDD steady state is only one of VDS_Q2 or VDS_Q4. Signal generation can be realized, that is, only one of Dq2 or Dq4 is used in the schematic diagram of Fig. 4. At this time, the VDD voltage in Fig. 6 is substantially the same as the main topology output voltage, and this also falls within the protection scope of the present invention.
实施例四:Embodiment 4:
如图7所示,副边为全波整流,二极管Dc1与电容C组成Q2以及Q4的吸收电路,辅助 电源开关变换器从吸收电容C处取电。辅助电源开关变换器主功率管的开关信号Qf_dr的驱动时序,在开机时,如图3所示,具体实现过程见具体实施例一所述;在稳态时,如图7中虚线框内所示,由VDS_Q2以及VDS_Q4叠加获得,具体实现过程见具体实施例一所述,此时图7中VDD稳态电压基本与主拓扑输出电压相同。As shown in Figure 7, the secondary side is full-wave rectification, and the diode Dc1 and the capacitor C form an absorption circuit of Q2 and Q4, which is auxiliary. The power switching converter takes power from the snubber capacitor C. The driving timing of the switching signal Qf_dr of the main power switch of the auxiliary power switching converter is shown in FIG. 3 when the power is turned on, and the specific implementation process is as described in the first embodiment; in the steady state, as shown by the dotted line in FIG. 7 The VDS_Q2 and the VDS_Q4 are superimposed. The specific implementation process is as described in the first embodiment. At this time, the VDD steady-state voltage in FIG. 7 is substantially the same as the main topology output voltage.
图7中给出的主拓扑,副边使用的是全波同步整流的方式,功率管Q2、Q4为功率MOS管,而副边使用均为二极管(Q2、Q4为二极管)整流的方式,应用图2框A所示的辅助电源变换方式,通过图3所示时序图完成辅助电源供电的方式,都属于本发明保护范围。In the main topology given in Figure 7, the secondary side uses the full-wave synchronous rectification method. The power transistors Q2 and Q4 are power MOS tubes, and the secondary side uses diodes (Q2 and Q4 are diodes) for rectification. The auxiliary power conversion mode shown in block A of FIG. 2, the manner of completing the auxiliary power supply by the timing chart shown in FIG. 3, belongs to the protection scope of the present invention.
图7中给出的主拓扑,框A所示的辅助电源变换方式,如果VDD仅为主功率拓扑输出电压的一半,通过改变图3中Qf_dr在VDD稳态时只由VDS_Q2或者VDS_Q4的其中一个信号产生即可实现,也就是图4示意图中Dq2或者Dq4只使用其中一个,此时图7中VDD稳态电压基本为主拓扑输出电压的一半,这种情况也落入本发明保护范围之内。The main topology shown in Figure 7, the auxiliary power conversion mode shown in Box A, if VDD is only half of the main power topology output voltage, by changing Qf_dr in Figure 3, the VDD steady state is only one of VDS_Q2 or VDS_Q4. Signal generation can be realized, that is, Dq2 or Dq4 in Fig. 4 only uses one of them. At this time, the steady-state voltage of VDD in Fig. 7 is basically half of the output voltage of the main topology, and this case also falls within the protection scope of the present invention. .
实施例五:Embodiment 5:
如图8所示,吸收二极管Dc1阳极连接变压器绕组与电感绕组连接处,且为续流管Q2的漏极处,吸收二极管Dc1阴极连接吸收电容C,辅助电源开关变换器从吸收电容C处取电,Qf的稳态驱动时序如图8所示虚线框内,仅有VDS_Q2决定。As shown in FIG. 8, the anode of the absorption diode Dc1 is connected to the junction of the transformer winding and the inductor winding, and is the drain of the freewheeling tube Q2. The cathode of the absorption diode Dc1 is connected to the absorption capacitor C, and the auxiliary power switching converter is taken from the absorption capacitor C. The steady-state driving timing of the Qf is as shown in the dotted line in Figure 8, and only VDS_Q2 is determined.
图8所示的VDD开机时序如图9所示,VDD从0开始建立时,在VDD小于VDD_min时,Qf_dr始终为高;当VDD大于VDD_min时,Qf_dr跟随VDS_Q2;只要VDD小于VDD_min,则Qf_dr就为高。The VDD boot timing shown in Figure 8 is shown in Figure 9. When VDD starts from 0, Qf_dr is always high when VDD is less than VDD_min; Qf_dr follows VDS_Q2 when VDD is greater than VDD_min; Qf_dr is as long as VDD is less than VDD_min High.
图8中Qf的驱动信号Qf_dr仍然可以使用图4所示的电路图来实现,只要去掉VDS_Q4信号就可以实现。The driving signal Qf_dr of Qf in Fig. 8 can still be realized by using the circuit diagram shown in Fig. 4, as long as the VDS_Q4 signal is removed.
图8中给出的吸收电容取电以及VDD供电方式,功率管Q1、Q2为功率MOS管,而副边使用均为二极管(Q1、Q2为二极管)整流的方式,应用图8所示的辅助电源变换方式,通过图9所示时序图完成辅助电源供电的方式,都属于本发明保护范围。图8中VDD稳态电压基本为主拓扑输出电压。Figure 8 shows the snubber capacitor power and VDD power supply mode. The power transistors Q1 and Q2 are power MOS transistors, and the secondary side uses diodes (Q1 and Q2 diodes) to rectify. The application shown in Figure 8 is applied. The power conversion mode and the manner in which the auxiliary power supply is completed by the timing chart shown in FIG. 9 are all within the protection scope of the present invention. The VDD steady-state voltage in Figure 8 is basically the main topology output voltage.
上述具体实施例一、二、三、四和五中辅助电源开关变换器的主开关管Qf可以是功率MOS管,也可以是本领域通过简单变换以实现的功率三极管;续流二极管Df同样也可以是功率MOS管;只要是利用了本发明实施例所述的Qf_dr驱动时序完成从吸收电容处取电,供电给控制电路部分的简单变换,都属于本发明保护范围。The main switching tube Qf of the auxiliary power switching converter in the first embodiment, the second, the third, the fourth and the fifth embodiment may be a power MOS tube or a power transistor realized by a simple conversion in the field; the freewheeling diode Df is also It can be a power MOS transistor; as long as the Qf_dr driving sequence described in the embodiment of the present invention is used to complete the power taking from the snubber capacitor and the power supply to the control circuit portion is simple, it belongs to the protection scope of the present invention.
上述具体实施例一、二、三、四和五中的辅助电源电容Cf可以是一个电容,也可以是几个电容的串联,如图10所示,经过电容串联分压之后,再在各个合适的电压点取电,直接供电给控制电路部分,或者经过重新再精确稳压之后,比如LDO、线性稳压源等,再供电给各控制电路部分。这种方式也落入本发明保护范围以内。The auxiliary power supply capacitor Cf in the above-mentioned specific embodiments one, two, three, four and five may be a capacitor or a series connection of several capacitors, as shown in FIG. 10, after the capacitor is divided in series, and then in each suitable The voltage point is powered, directly supplied to the control circuit, or after re-regulation, such as LDO, linear regulator, etc., and then supplied to each control circuit. This approach also falls within the scope of the present invention.
上述具体实施例一、二、三、四和五中,在电路应用过程中,除了辅助电源给吸收电容 放电之外,视具体应用情况,还可以与放电电阻一起给吸收电容放电,也就是对该发明的一种简单变换,也落入本发明保护范围以内。In the above specific embodiments 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5, in addition to the auxiliary power supply to the absorbing capacitor during circuit application In addition to the discharge, depending on the specific application, it is also possible to discharge the absorbing capacitor together with the discharge resistor, that is, a simple change to the invention falls within the scope of the present invention.
本发明实施例还提供了一种辅助电源的供电方法,包括:辅助电源开关变换器从与变压器的绕组连接的吸收电路中的吸收电容上获取能量;所述辅助电源开关变换器将所述能量通过电压变换稳压后为所述控制电路供电,所述辅助电源开关变换器的驱动信号时序与所述主拓扑变压器对地时序信号相关联。An embodiment of the present invention further provides a power supply method for an auxiliary power supply, comprising: an auxiliary power switching converter that extracts energy from an absorption capacitor in an absorption circuit connected to a winding of a transformer; the auxiliary power switching converter converts the energy The control circuit is powered by voltage conversion, and the drive signal timing of the auxiliary power switching converter is associated with the main topology transformer to ground timing signal.
通过以上的实施方式的描述,本领域的技术人员可以清楚地了解到根据上述实施例的方法可借助软件加必需的通用硬件平台的方式来实现,当然也可以通过硬件,但很多情况下前者是更佳的实施方式。基于这样的理解,本发明的技术方案本质上或者说对现有技术做出贡献的部分可以以软件产品的形式体现出来,该计算机软件产品存储在一个存储介质(如ROM/RAM、磁碟、光盘)中,包括若干指令用以使得一台终端设备(可以是手机,计算机,服务器,或者网络设备等)执行本发明各个实施例所述的方法。Through the description of the above embodiments, those skilled in the art can clearly understand that the method according to the above embodiment can be implemented by means of software plus a necessary general hardware platform, and of course, by hardware, but in many cases, the former is A better implementation. Based on such understanding, the technical solution of the present invention, which is essential or contributes to the prior art, may be embodied in the form of a software product stored in a storage medium (such as ROM/RAM, disk, The optical disc includes a number of instructions for causing a terminal device (which may be a cell phone, a computer, a server, or a network device, etc.) to perform the methods described in various embodiments of the present invention.
需要说明的是,上述各个模块是可以通过软件或硬件来实现的,对于后者,可以通过以下方式实现,但不限于此:上述模块均位于同一处理器中;或者,上述模块分别位于多个处理器中。It should be noted that each of the above modules may be implemented by software or hardware. For the latter, the foregoing may be implemented by, but not limited to, the foregoing modules are all located in the same processor; or, the modules are located in multiple In the processor.
本发明的实施例还提供了一种存储介质。可选地,在本实施例中,上述存储介质可以被设置为存储设置为执行以下步骤的程序代码:Embodiments of the present invention also provide a storage medium. Optionally, in the embodiment, the storage medium may be configured to store program code set to perform the following steps:
S1,辅助电源开关变换器从与变压器的绕组连接的吸收电路中的吸收电容上获取能量;S1, the auxiliary power switching converter obtains energy from the absorption capacitor in the absorption circuit connected to the winding of the transformer;
S2,所述辅助电源开关变换器将所述能量通过电压变换稳压后为所述控制电路供电,所述辅助电源开关变换器的驱动信号时序与所述主拓扑变压器对地时序信号相关联。S2, the auxiliary power switching converter supplies the energy to the control circuit by voltage conversion, and the driving signal timing of the auxiliary power switching converter is associated with the main topology transformer to ground timing signal.
可选地,本实施例中的具体示例可以参考上述实施例及可选实施方式中所描述的示例,本实施例在此不再赘述。For example, the specific examples in this embodiment may refer to the examples described in the foregoing embodiments and the optional embodiments, and details are not described herein again.
显然,本领域的技术人员应该明白,上述的本发明的各模块或各步骤可以用通用的计算装置来实现,它们可以集中在单个的计算装置上,或者分布在多个计算装置所组成的网络上,可选地,它们可以用计算装置可执行的程序代码来实现,从而,可以将它们存储在存储装置中由计算装置来执行,并且在某些情况下,可以以不同于此处的顺序执行所示出或描述的步骤,或者将它们分别制作成各个集成电路模块,或者将它们中的多个模块或步骤制作成单个集成电路模块来实现。这样,本发明不限制于任何特定的硬件和软件结合。It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the various modules or steps of the present invention described above can be implemented by a general-purpose computing device that can be centralized on a single computing device or distributed across a network of multiple computing devices. Alternatively, they may be implemented by program code executable by the computing device such that they may be stored in the storage device by the computing device and, in some cases, may be different from the order herein. The steps shown or described are performed, or they are separately fabricated into individual integrated circuit modules, or a plurality of modules or steps thereof are fabricated as a single integrated circuit module. Thus, the invention is not limited to any specific combination of hardware and software.
以上所述,仅为本发明的较佳实施例而已,并非用于限定本发明的保护范围,凡在本发明的精神和原则之内所作的任何修改、等同替换和改进等,均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。 The above is only the preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in Within the scope of protection of the present invention.
工业实用性Industrial applicability
如上所述,本发明实施例提供的一种辅助电源的供电电路及方法,具有以下有益效果:本发明实施例简化了变压器以及电感的绕组设计,利于在有限绕线体积内降低变压器以及电感的铜损,提高电源效率;同时控制电路部分的辅助电源为吸收电容放电,吸收电容可以不加放电电阻或减少放电电阻的数目,节约了电能,利于提高电源效率、减小电源体积;该辅助电源供电方式适应宽输入电压范围的应用场合,供电效率高、供电速度快、供电稳定。 As described above, the power supply circuit and method for an auxiliary power supply provided by the embodiments of the present invention have the following beneficial effects: the embodiment of the present invention simplifies the winding design of the transformer and the inductor, and is advantageous for reducing the transformer and the inductance within the limited winding volume. Copper loss, improve power efficiency; at the same time, the auxiliary power supply of the control circuit part discharges the absorption capacitor. The absorption capacitor can save the electric energy without increasing the discharge resistance or reducing the number of discharge resistors, which is beneficial to improve the power supply efficiency and reduce the power supply volume. The power supply mode is suitable for applications with a wide input voltage range, high power supply efficiency, fast power supply, and stable power supply.

Claims (10)

  1. 一种辅助电源的供电电路,包括吸收电路及辅助电源开关变换器,所述辅助电源开关变换器从所述吸收电路的吸收电容上取电,所述吸收电路与变压器或电感绕组连接;所述辅助电源开关变换器通过电压变换稳压后,为控制电路供电;所述辅助电源开关变换器稳态时的主开关由至少一个驱动时序信号控制,且所述驱动时序信号与主功率拓扑的控制时序信号相关联。A power supply circuit for an auxiliary power source, comprising an absorbing circuit and an auxiliary power switching converter, wherein the auxiliary power switching converter takes power from an absorbing capacitor of the absorbing circuit, and the absorbing circuit is connected to a transformer or an inductor winding; The auxiliary power switching converter supplies power to the control circuit after voltage regulation; the main switch of the auxiliary power switching converter is controlled by at least one driving timing signal, and the driving timing signal and the main power topology are controlled. Timing signals are associated.
  2. 如权利要求1所述的辅助电源的供电电路,其中,所述控制电路为所述吸收电路的吸收电容放电。A power supply circuit for an auxiliary power supply according to claim 1, wherein said control circuit discharges an absorption capacitance of said absorption circuit.
  3. 如权利要求1所述的辅助电源的供电电路,其中,所述吸收电路包括:电容和二极管;或者电容、二极管和根据电路需要增加的放电电阻;所述二极管与主电路中的变压器绕组或电感连接。A power supply circuit for an auxiliary power supply according to claim 1, wherein said absorbing circuit comprises: a capacitor and a diode; or a capacitor, a diode, and a discharge resistor that is added according to a circuit; said diode and a transformer winding or inductor in the main circuit connection.
  4. 如权利要求1所述的辅助电源的供电电路,其中,所述吸收电路从主电路中获取能量包括:所述吸收电路从与变压器绕组或电感绕组处获取能量。A power supply circuit for an auxiliary power source according to claim 1, wherein said absorbing circuit extracting energy from said main circuit comprises: said absorbing circuit extracting energy from a transformer winding or an inductor winding.
  5. 如权利要求1所述的辅助电源的供电电路,其中,所述辅助电源开关变换器稳态时的主开关由至少一个驱动时序信号控制包括:所述辅助电源开关变换器的驱动时序信号与主功率拓扑中变压器两端或者单端对地信号的至少一个信号的时序一致。A power supply circuit for an auxiliary power source according to claim 1, wherein said main switch of said auxiliary power switch converter at steady state is controlled by at least one drive timing signal comprising: a drive timing signal of said auxiliary power switch converter and said main The timing of at least one signal of the signal at both ends of the transformer or single-ended to ground in the power topology is consistent.
  6. 如权利要求1所述的辅助电源的供电电路,其中,所述辅助电源开关变换器稳态时的主开关由至少一个驱动时序信号控制包括:所述辅助电源开关变换器的驱动时序信号为所述变压器两端对地时序信号的叠加。A power supply circuit for an auxiliary power supply according to claim 1, wherein said main power switch converter is in a steady state when said main switch is controlled by at least one drive timing signal comprising: said auxiliary power switch converter driving timing signal is The superposition of the timing signals of the two ends of the transformer to the ground.
  7. 如权利要求1所述的辅助电源的供电电路,其中,在所述供电给控制电路的辅助电源启动过程中,当其供电电压低于预设电压值时,所述辅助电源开关变换器中的驱动时序信号始终为高。The power supply circuit of the auxiliary power source according to claim 1, wherein in the auxiliary power supply starting process of the power supply to the control circuit, when the power supply voltage is lower than a preset voltage value, the auxiliary power switch converter The drive timing signal is always high.
  8. 如权利要求1所述的辅助电源的供电电路,其中,所述辅助电源开关变换器的输入端分别从所述吸收电路中的电容的一端接入。A power supply circuit for an auxiliary power source according to claim 1, wherein an input terminal of said auxiliary power switching converter is respectively connected from one end of a capacitor in said absorbing circuit.
  9. 如权利要求1-8任一项所述的辅助电源的供电电路,其中,所述辅助电源开关变换器包括:驱动信号源电路、主功率MOS管、滤波电感、续流二极管及辅助电源电容;The power supply circuit of the auxiliary power supply according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the auxiliary power switching converter comprises: a driving signal source circuit, a main power MOS transistor, a filter inductor, a freewheeling diode, and an auxiliary power source capacitor;
    所述驱动信号源电路提供驱动信号给所述主功率MOS管;所述主功率MOS管漏极连接所述吸收电路中的电容的第一端;所述主功率MOS管源级连接滤波电感的第一端;所述主功率MOS管源级连接续流二极管的阴极;所述续流二极管的阳极连接参考地;所述滤波电感的第二端连接辅助电源电容的第一端;所述辅助电源电容的第二端连接参考地。The driving signal source circuit provides a driving signal to the main power MOS transistor; the main power MOS transistor drain is connected to the first end of the capacitor in the absorbing circuit; and the main power MOS tube source level is connected to the filter inductor a first end; the main power MOS tube source stage is connected to the cathode of the freewheeling diode; the anode of the freewheeling diode is connected to the reference ground; the second end of the filter inductor is connected to the first end of the auxiliary power supply capacitor; The second end of the power capacitor is connected to the reference ground.
  10. 一种辅助电源的供电方法,包括:A method of supplying power to an auxiliary power source, comprising:
    辅助电源开关变换器从与变压器的绕组连接的吸收电路中的吸收电容上获取能量; The auxiliary power switching converter takes energy from the snubber capacitance in the snubber circuit connected to the winding of the transformer;
    所述辅助电源开关变换器将所述能量通过电压变换稳压后为所述控制电路供电,所述辅助电源开关变换器的驱动信号时序与所述主拓扑变压器对地时序信号相关联。 The auxiliary power switching converter supplies the energy to the control circuit after voltage regulation, and the driving signal timing of the auxiliary power switching converter is associated with the main topology transformer to ground timing signal.
PCT/CN2016/081443 2015-07-01 2016-05-09 Power supply circuit and method of auxiliary power supply WO2017000668A1 (en)

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