WO2017000372A1 - 数据传输方法、装置及数据传输系统 - Google Patents

数据传输方法、装置及数据传输系统 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2017000372A1
WO2017000372A1 PCT/CN2015/088302 CN2015088302W WO2017000372A1 WO 2017000372 A1 WO2017000372 A1 WO 2017000372A1 CN 2015088302 W CN2015088302 W CN 2015088302W WO 2017000372 A1 WO2017000372 A1 WO 2017000372A1
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Prior art keywords
cellular user
data transmission
help node
node
base station
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PCT/CN2015/088302
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
谢玉堂
王爽
侯蓉晖
吕永
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中兴通讯股份有限公司
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Publication of WO2017000372A1 publication Critical patent/WO2017000372A1/zh

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W88/00—Devices specially adapted for wireless communication networks, e.g. terminals, base stations or access point devices
    • H04W88/02—Terminal devices
    • H04W88/04—Terminal devices adapted for relaying to or from another terminal or user
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W48/00—Access restriction; Network selection; Access point selection
    • H04W48/08—Access restriction or access information delivery, e.g. discovery data delivery

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of wireless communication technologies, and in particular, to a data transmission method, apparatus, and data transmission system.
  • D2D (Device-to-Device) communication is a new technology that allows terminals to multiplex intra-cell spectrum resources through direct links under the control of a wireless cellular system.
  • D2D communication technology can improve the spectrum utilization of wireless cellular systems.
  • D2D is used to multiplex the spectrum resources in the cell for communication, it will interfere with the communication of cellular users and reduce the communication quality of cellular users.
  • the main object of the present invention is to provide a data transmission method, device and data transmission system, which aims to solve the technical problem that the same frequency D2D user communication interferes with cellular user communication and reduces the communication quality of the cellular user.
  • an embodiment of the present invention provides a data transmission method, where the data transmission method includes the following steps: when receiving a data transmission request sent by a cellular user, determining whether the cellular user satisfies data transmission by using a help node. And if yes, authorizing the cellular user to send a connection request including the measurement report information of the cellular user to the help node; and authorizing the help node to establish communication with the cellular user when receiving the initial user information fed back by the help node Link connection.
  • the method further includes: receiving the help node and the cellular user Data transmitted by network coding is decoded and decoded.
  • the step of determining whether the cellular user satisfies the condition for using the help node for data transmission comprises: acquiring, when receiving the data transmission request sent by the cellular user, acquiring The measurement report information of the cellular user; calculating a signal to noise ratio between the cellular user and the base station according to the obtained measurement report information; if the signal to noise ratio is lower than a preset signal to noise ratio threshold, determining The cellular user satisfies the condition for using the help node for data transmission; if the signal to noise ratio is higher than the preset signal to noise ratio threshold, it is determined that the cellular user does not satisfy the condition for using the help node for data transmission.
  • the method before the step of authorizing the help node to establish a communication link connection with the cellular user when receiving the initial user information fed back by the help node, the method further includes: the help node according to the received measurement of the cellular user Reporting information, calculating network throughput using the help node for data transmission; determining whether the network throughput is greater than network throughput of the unused help node for data transmission; if yes, transmitting initial user information to the base station; if not, transmitting Reject information to cellular users.
  • the method before the step of authorizing the help node to establish a communication link connection with the cellular user, the method further includes: calculating an activation threshold of the help node according to the received initial user information.
  • the method further includes: when receiving the handover sent by the help node Upon request, the communication link to the help node is disconnected.
  • an embodiment of the present invention further provides a data transmission apparatus, where the data transmission apparatus includes: a determining module, configured to determine, when receiving a data transmission request sent by a cellular user, whether the cellular user is satisfied And a control module, configured to: if the cellular user meets a condition for using a help node to perform data transmission, authorizing the cellular user to send a connection request including measurement report information of the cellular user to the help node; And a processing module, configured to authorize the help node to establish a communication link connection with the cellular user when receiving initial user information fed back by the help node.
  • the processing module is further configured to: receive data that is sent by the help node and the cellular user by using a network coding manner, and perform decoding.
  • the determining module includes: an acquiring unit, configured to acquire measurement report information of the cellular user when receiving a data transmission request sent by a cellular user; and a calculating unit, configured to use the acquired measurement report information Calculating a signal to noise ratio between the cellular user and the base station; and determining, configured to determine, if the signal to noise ratio is lower than a preset signal to noise ratio threshold, determining that the cellular user satisfies data transmission by using a help node If the signal to noise ratio is higher than the preset signal to noise ratio threshold, it is determined that the cellular user does not satisfy the condition for using the help node for data transmission.
  • the processing module is further configured to: calculate an activation threshold of the help node according to the received initial user information.
  • control module is further configured to: when receiving the handover request sent by the help node, disconnect the communication link with the help node.
  • an embodiment of the present invention further provides a data transmission system, where the data transmission system includes a base station, a cellular user, and a help node; and the base station includes the data transmission device according to the embodiment of the present invention.
  • the data transmission method, device and data transmission system provided by the embodiment of the present invention satisfy the condition that the cellular user satisfies the data transmission by using the help node, and the help node can improve the network throughput when receiving the initial user information fed back by the help node.
  • Authorizing the help node to establish a communication link connection with the cellular user, and the cellular user can perform data transmission not only through a communication link between a conventional cellular user and the base station, but also by using a communication link established by the help node.
  • the data transmission reduces the interference caused by the communication of the same frequency D2D user to the cellular user communication, and improves the communication quality of the cellular user.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic flowchart of a first embodiment of a data transmission method according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic flowchart of determining, according to a second embodiment of the data transmission method, a method for determining whether the cellular user satisfies data transmission by using a help node when receiving a data transmission request sent by a cellular user;
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic flowchart of a third embodiment of a data transmission method according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of functional modules of a first embodiment of a data transmission apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a refinement function module of a judging module in a second embodiment of a data transmission apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a data transmission system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic flowchart of a first embodiment of a data transmission method according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the data transmission method includes the following steps:
  • Step S10 when receiving a data transmission request sent by the cellular user, determining whether the cellular user satisfies a condition for performing data transmission by using the help node;
  • D2D terminals In D2D communication, D2D terminals multiplex the intra-cell spectrum resources and communicate through the direct link, so the performance of the wireless cellular system can be improved, but since it is the multiplexed intra-cell spectrum resource for communication, it will be for the cellular user. Communication causes interference and reduces the communication quality of cellular users.
  • the data transmission method of the embodiment of the present invention overcomes the interference caused by the D2D communication to the cellular user communication by using the help node for data transmission, and improves the communication quality of the cellular user.
  • the cellular user when the cellular user needs to transmit data to the base station, the cellular user first sends a data transmission request to the base station.
  • the cellular user sends an RRCConnectionRequest (Radio Resource Control Connection Request) to the base station.
  • the RRCConnectionRequest includes an EstablishmentCause information.
  • the EstablishmentCause information is set to NC-data Transmission, that is, the type setting of data transmission between the cellular user and the base station. The type of data transmission for network coding.
  • the base station When receiving the RRCConnectionRequest sent by the cellular user, the base station acquires a measurement report (measurement report information) of the cellular user, where the Measurement Report includes link state information between the cellular user and the base station. The base station determines, according to the Measurement Report, whether the cellular user satisfies the condition for data transmission by using the help node.
  • Step S20 if yes, authorizing the cellular user to send the connection information including the measurement report information of the cellular user to the help node. Pick up the request;
  • the base station determines that the cellular user satisfies the condition for using the help node for data transmission, the base station authorizes the cellular user to send a connection request to the help node.
  • the base station sends an RRCConnectionSetup Complete to the cellular user, authorizing the cellular user to find a help node.
  • the help node is preferably a relay (relay node) in the cellular network system.
  • the cellular user receives the RRCConnectionSetup Complete, the cellular user sends an Attach Request and a measurement report of the cellular user to a plurality of help nodes within its communication range.
  • the base station When the base station determines that the cellular user does not satisfy the condition for data transmission by using the help node, it transmits an RRCConnectionReject (radio resource control connection rejection) to the cellular user.
  • RRCConnectionReject radio resource control connection rejection
  • the cellular user receives the RRCConnectionReject sent by the base station, the normal RRCConnectionRequest is sent to the base station, and the base station and the cellular user do not use the help node to establish a communication link connection, and establish a normal communication link connection with the cellular user.
  • Each help node that receives the Attach Request sent by the cellular user and the Measurement Report of the cellular user acquires link state information between the cellular user and the base station in the Measurement Report of the cellular user.
  • each help node knows link state information between the cellular user and the helper node, and link state information between the base station and the helper node.
  • Each help node calculates the network throughput using the help node for data transmission based on the learned individual link state information. Then compare the network throughput using the help node for data transmission with the size of the network throughput without using the help node for data transmission, and determine whether the utilization of the help node can improve the network throughput.
  • the help node When the help node can improve the network throughput, the help node sends an Initial UE Message to the base station, requesting the base station to authenticate and authorize the help node to establish a communication link connection with the cellular user.
  • the Initial UE Message includes identity authentication information of the cellular user and link state information between the cellular user and the helper node.
  • the help node sends a reject (reject) message to the cellular user.
  • Step S30 when receiving the initial user information fed back by the help node, authorizing the help node to establish a communication link connection with the cellular user.
  • the base station authorizes the help node to establish a communication link connection with the cellular user.
  • the base station sends a Context Setup Request to the help node, and authorizes the help node to establish a communication link connection with the cellular user.
  • the base station sends the Context Setup Request to the help node to authorize the help node to establish a communication link connection with the cellular user, and calculate an activation threshold of the help node according to the received Initial UE Message.
  • the base station allocates the first to rth time slots to the cellular user, that is, in the first to rth time slots. Only cellular users send data to the base station.
  • the base station allocates the r+1th slot to the help node, that is, the help node starts transmitting data to the base station in the r+1th slot to implement the help node activation.
  • the help node and the cellular user transmit data to the base station in turn.
  • the help node and the cellular user send data to the base station by using network coding.
  • one type of data packet sent by the cellular user is received by the help node but not received by the base station, and the type of data packet is defined as a new type of packet.
  • the help node When the help node receives a new packet, it activates and sends the new packet to the base station.
  • the base station When the network throughput is not improved by using each of the help nodes, and the base station does not receive the Initial UE Message sent by the help node, the base station sends an RRCConnectionReject to the cellular user.
  • a preset time threshold is preset, and when the base station does not receive the Initial UE Message sent by the help node within the preset time threshold, the base station sends an RRCConnectionReject to the cellular user.
  • the cellular user When the cellular user receives the RRCConnectionReject sent by the base station, the cellular user sends a normal RRCConnectionRequest to the base station, and the base station and the cellular user do not use the help node to establish a communication link connection, and establish a normal communication link connection with the cellular user.
  • the help node When the help node sends data to the base station by using the network coding mode, the help node first receives the data packet sent by the cellular user, and caches the received data packet, when the number of the data packet reaches the help node.
  • the help node When the threshold r is activated, the help node performs network coding on the buffered data packet, and then transmits the encoded data packet to the base station.
  • the help node performs network coding on the data packet by linear network coding at the data link layer, and has a sufficiently large network coding domain to ensure that all packets encoded by the network are linearly independent, and the base station only needs to receive a sufficient number of data packets. Do not need to care about the contents of the packet.
  • the network coding mode is written into the data part of the data link layer packet, and a certain number of bits is allocated to indicate the coding mode.
  • the MAC Media Access Control
  • information of the data packet encapsulated in the MAC packet, each MAC sub-header and each data is included.
  • the package corresponds.
  • the structure is as shown in Table 1.
  • the location identifier LCID (Local Character Set Identifier) code in the MAC subheader is composed of 5 bits, some of which are combined as reserved bits.
  • a certain bit combination indicates that the data packet corresponding to the MAC sub-header is a network-encoded data packet.
  • the preset 01100 bit combination indicates that the data packet corresponding to the MAC subheader is a network coded data packet.
  • the data to be transmitted is divided into a plurality of data groups, and the number of data packets in each data group is limited.
  • the header of the network coded data packet contains the network coding mode and the data group number.
  • the cellular user divides all the data into n data groups for transmission, and each data group contains g data packets.
  • the data group number is represented by 4 bits
  • each data packet is represented by 6 bits
  • g 50
  • the size of each data packet is 50 kbit
  • the base station When receiving the data packet, the base station first identifies whether the data packet is a network coded data packet. Optionally, the base station detects whether the location identifier LCID code in the MAC sub-head corresponding to the data packet has a preset bit combination indicating that the data packet is a network-encoded data packet, for example, detecting whether there is a preset 01100-bit combination. If the preset 01100 bit combination is detected, the data packet is identified as a network encoded data packet; otherwise, the data packet is identified as a non-network encoded data packet. When the base station recognizes that the data packet is a network coded data packet, the base station unpacks the network coded data packet according to a network decoding mode corresponding to the network coding mode.
  • the help node receives the data packet X and the data packet Y sent by the cellular user, and performs network coding on the data packet X and the data packet Y, and combines them into one data packet and sends the data packet to the base station. After the base station receives the data packet sent by the help node, the data packet X and the data packet Y are obtained by decoding.
  • the final base station can obtain all the data packets sent by the cellular user, thereby improving the quality of the cellular user.
  • the base station sends an ACK (Acknowledgement) message to the cellular user, and the data transmission process is completed.
  • the base station sends an RRCConnectionRelease to the cellular user and the helper node, disconnects the communication link and releases the resources.
  • the data transmission method provided by the embodiment when receiving the data transmission request sent by the cellular user, determines whether the cellular user satisfies the condition for using the help node for data transmission, if the cellular user satisfies the data transmission by using the help node.
  • Condition authorizing the cellular user to send a connection request including the measurement report information of the cellular user to the help node, and then authorizing the help node to establish a communication link with the cellular user when receiving the initial user information fed back by the help node Connection
  • the cellular user can not only transmit data through the communication link between the conventional cellular user and the base station, but also transmit data through the communication link established by the help node, thereby reducing the communication of the same frequency D2D user to the cellular user.
  • the interference caused by communication improves the communication quality of cellular users.
  • step S10 includes:
  • Step S11 when receiving a data transmission request sent by the cellular user, acquiring measurement report information of the cellular user;
  • the base station when receiving the RRCConnectionRequest sent by the cellular user, the base station includes an RRCConnectionReconfigurationMessage (radio resource control connection configuration message) message, and the base station acquires the measurement report information of the cellular user by using the RRCConnectionReconfigurationMessage message.
  • the measurement report information of the cellular user includes link state information between the cellular user and the base station.
  • Step S12 Calculate a signal to noise ratio between the cellular user and the base station according to the obtained measurement report information.
  • the base station After acquiring the measurement report information of the cellular user, the base station calculates a link signal to noise ratio between the cellular user and the base station according to the link state information between the cellular user and the base station in the Measurement Report information.
  • the link state information between the base station and the cellular user includes a distance dC between the base station and the cellular user, an attenuation factor ⁇ of the link, and a useful power PC.
  • the method for the base station to calculate the link signal-to-noise ratio between the base station and the cellular user according to the foregoing parameters is as described in step c in the foregoing embodiment, and details are not described herein again.
  • Step S13 determining whether the calculated signal to noise ratio is lower than a preset signal to noise ratio threshold
  • Step S14 if yes, the cellular user satisfies the condition for using the help node for data transmission;
  • Step S15 if no, it is determined that the cellular user does not satisfy the condition for data transmission by using the help node.
  • the signal to noise ratio threshold between the cellular user and the base station is preset, and the calculated signal to noise ratio between the cellular user and the base station is determined and the signal to noise ratio threshold between the cellular user and the base station is preset. If the calculated signal to noise ratio between the cellular user and the base station is lower than a preset signal to noise ratio threshold, determining that the cellular user satisfies a condition for using the help node for data transmission; if the calculated relationship between the cellular user and the base station If the noise ratio is higher than the preset signal to noise ratio threshold, it is determined that the cellular user does not satisfy the condition for using the help node for data transmission.
  • the help node When the base station determines that the cellular user satisfies the condition for data transmission by using the help node, the help node receives the connection request sent by the cellular user and the measurement report of the cellular user, the help node obtains the relationship between the cellular user and the base station. Link status information. At the same time, the help node knows link state information between the cellular user and the helper node, and link state information between the base station and the helper node. The interference information of the same-frequency D2D user in the network is unknown to the help node. Therefore, the help node does not consider the interference information of the same-frequency D2D user, and calculates the network throughput of the data transmission using the help node according to the learned link state information. .
  • the help node first calculates a link error rate e01 between the cellular user and the help node according to each link state information, helps the link error rate e02 between the node and the base station, and the cellular user and the base station The link error rate of the link is e03. Then, according to the following formula, the activation threshold r0 of the help node is calculated without considering the interference of the same frequency D2D user:
  • R0 [-g0(-1+e02+e03-e01e03)]/[(2-e03-e02)(e03-e01e03)-(1-e03)(-1+e02+e03-e01e03)].
  • the calculated network throughput A0 1 - e03.
  • the size of the network throughput A using the help node for data transmission and the network throughput A0 for not using the help node for data transmission are compared, that is, the sizes of g0/(r0+2k0) and (1-e03) are compared. If g0/(r0+2k0) is greater than (1-e03), the help node can be used to improve the network. Throughput, if g0/(r0+2k0) is less than or equal to (1-e03), then the helper node cannot improve network throughput.
  • the base station When the base station receives the initial user information sent by the help node, the base station obtains the link state information between the cellular user and the help node from the initial user information Initial UE Message. At the same time, the base station knows the link state information between the cellular user and the base station, helps the link state information between the node and the base station, and the same-frequency D2D user information in the network, including the distance dD and interference between the D2D user and the base station. Power PD, white noise interferes with ⁇ 2.
  • the base station calculates, according to the link state information and the D2D user information, the activation threshold r of the help node under the interference of the same frequency D2D user as follows:
  • Step a calculating a signal to noise ratio of each link
  • the link attenuation factor ⁇ the useful power PC
  • the distance dD between the D2D user and the base station the interference power PD
  • the white noise interference ⁇ 2 the link signal to noise ratio T between the base station and the cellular user
  • the link signal-to-noise ratio between the base station and the helper node can be calculated according to the formula, and the link signal-to-noise ratio between the node and the cellular user can be assisted.
  • Step b calculating a bit error rate of each link according to a signal to noise ratio of each link
  • the link error between the base station and the cellular user is calculated according to the signal to noise ratio T.
  • the bit rate (BER) and the link error rate BER are calculated as follows:
  • the link error rate between the base station and the helper node is calculated, and the link error rate between the help node and the cellular user is calculated.
  • Step c calculating a packet error rate of each link according to each link error rate
  • the link error rate e is calculated, and the calculation formula of the link error rate e is as follows:
  • N is the number of bits contained in each packet.
  • the link error rate e1 between the cellular user and the helper node is considered, and the link error rate e2 between the node and the base station is assisted, and the cellular user is calculated in the case of considering the interference information of the same-frequency D2D user.
  • step d the activation threshold of the help node is calculated according to the error rate of each link.
  • the base station Since the data packet received by the base station is derived from the help node and the cellular user during the entire data transmission process, that is, It is said that the base station does not receive the data packet received from the cellular user from the help node.
  • the data packet r sent by the cellular user that is, the activation threshold r of the help node, helps the node to send the data packet k after activation. Then, it can be known that the data packet received by the base station from the cellular user is r(1-e1)e3+k(1-e1)e3, and the data packet received by the base station from the help node is k(1-e2), then
  • (1-e1)e3 is the probability that the data packet is not received by the base station but received by the helper node
  • (1-e2) is the probability that the data packet sent by the help node is received by the base station.
  • the data packet is sent to the base station together with the cellular user, and the base station receives g data packets, and then
  • the value of the activation threshold r of the help node can be calculated as:
  • r [-g(-1+e2+e3-e1e3)]/[(2-e3-e2)(e3-e1e3)-(1-e3)(-1+e2+e3-e1e3)].
  • the Context Setup Request is sent to the help node, and the help node is authorized to establish a communication link connection with the cellular user, and according to the calculated help node
  • the activation threshold r learns the activation time slot of the help node, allocates corresponding resources to the help node to start transmitting data on the activation time slot, and activates the help node.
  • the data transmission method when receiving a data transmission request sent by a cellular user, acquires measurement report information of the cellular user, and then calculates, between the cellular user and the base station, according to the obtained measurement report information.
  • a signal-to-noise ratio if the signal-to-noise ratio is lower than a preset signal-to-noise ratio threshold, determining that the cellular user satisfies a condition for using a help node for data transmission, if the signal-to-noise ratio is higher than a preset signal-to-noise ratio Comparing the threshold, determining that the cellular user does not satisfy the condition for data transmission by using the help node, and when the cellular user satisfies the condition for using the help node to perform data transmission, the data transmission is performed by using the communication link established by the help node, thereby reducing The interference caused by the same-frequency D2D user communication to the cellular user communication improves the communication quality of the cellular user.
  • a third embodiment of a data transmission method according to an embodiment of the present invention is provided based on the first embodiment and the second embodiment.
  • the data transmission method is further after the step S30. Including steps:
  • Step S40 When receiving the handover request sent by the help node, disconnect the communication link with the help node.
  • the link state between the cellular user and the helper node may change during data transmission. For example, when the distance between the cellular user and the helper node becomes far, the link state between the cellular user and the helper node becomes worse, and the helper node may no longer be able to improve the throughput of the network.
  • the use of this help node also does not improve the communication quality of cellular users. Therefore, in order to avoid this, in the present embodiment, in the case where the cellular user establishes a communication link connection with the help node, when the help node is unable to improve the network throughput, the help node and the base station are disconnected. The communication link between them connects and releases resources.
  • the base station when using the help node does not improve network throughput, the base station disconnects the communication link between the help node and the base station and releases the resource. Alternatively, when the base station does not receive the data packet sent by the help node within the preset time, the base station disconnects the communication link between the help node and the base station and releases the resource.
  • the cellular user in the case that the cellular user establishes a communication link connection with the help node, the cellular user sends a Measurement Report to the help node every time period T according to the preset time period T.
  • the help node receives the Measurement Report sent by the cellular user, it is re-determined according to the Measurement Report whether the utilization of the help node can improve the network throughput. If the helper node is still able to increase network throughput, the helper node and the cellular subscriber continue to transmit data to the base station over the established communication link connection. If the helper node is unable to increase network throughput, the helper node transmits handover request information to the base station, and then transmits Handover Command information to the cellular user. When the cellular user receives the Handover Command information, the communication link with the helper node is disconnected.
  • the base station authorizes the cellular user to send a connection request to other helper nodes. , establish a new communication link connection.
  • the step of the base station authorizing the cellular user to send a connection request to other help nodes is as described in step S20 in the foregoing embodiment, and details are not described herein again.
  • the data transmission method provided by the embodiment after the help node establishes a communication link connection with the cellular user, disconnects the communication link with the help node when the handover request sent by the help node is received, to establish It is connected to the new communication link of other help nodes, thus further ensuring the communication quality of the cellular users.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of functional modules of a first embodiment of a data transmission apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the data transmission device includes:
  • the determining module 11 is configured to determine, when receiving a data transmission request sent by the cellular user, whether the cellular user satisfies a condition for performing data transmission by using the help node;
  • D2D terminals In D2D communication, D2D terminals multiplex the intra-cell spectrum resources and communicate through the direct link, so the performance of the wireless cellular system can be improved, but since it is the multiplexed intra-cell spectrum resource for communication, it will be for the cellular user. Communication causes interference and reduces the communication quality of cellular users.
  • the data transmission apparatus of the embodiment of the present invention overcomes the interference caused by the D2D communication to the cellular user communication by using the help node for data transmission, and improves the communication quality of the cellular user. In this embodiment, when the cellular user needs to transmit data to the base station, the cellular user first sends a data transmission request to the base station.
  • the cellular user sends an RRCConnectionRequest to the base station, where the RRCConnectionRequest includes the EstablishmentCause information.
  • the EstablishmentCause information is set to NC-data Transmission, that is, the type of data transmission between the cellular user and the base station is set to the data transmission type of the network coding mode.
  • the base station When receiving the RRCConnectionRequest sent by the cellular user, the base station acquires a measurement report information of the cellular user, and the Measurement Report includes link state information between the cellular user and the base station.
  • the judging module 11 judges whether the cellular user satisfies the condition for data transmission by using the help node according to the Measurement Report.
  • the control module 12 is configured to authorize the cellular user to send a connection request including measurement report information of the cellular user to the help node if the cellular user satisfies the condition for using the help node for data transmission;
  • the control module 12 authorizes the cellular user to send a connection request to the help node.
  • the control module 12 sends an RRCConnectionSetup Complete to the cellular user, authorizing the cellular user to find a help node.
  • the help node is preferably a relay node relay in a cellular network system.
  • the control module 12 sends an RRCConnectionReject to the cellular user.
  • the cellular user receives the RRCConnectionReject sent by the control module 12, the normal RRCConnectionRequest is sent to the base station, and the base station and the cellular user do not use the help node to establish a communication link connection, and establish a normal communication link connection with the cellular user.
  • Each help node that receives the Attach Request sent by the cellular user and the Measurement Report of the cellular user acquires link state information between the cellular user and the base station in the Measurement Report of the cellular user.
  • each help node knows link state information between the cellular user and the helper node, and link state information between the base station and the helper node.
  • Each help node calculates the network throughput using the help node for data transmission based on the learned individual link state information. Then compare the network throughput using the help node for data transmission with the size of the network throughput without using the help node for data transmission, and determine whether the utilization of the help node can improve the network throughput.
  • the help node When the help node can improve the network throughput, the help node sends an Initial UE Message to the base station, requesting the base station to authenticate and authorize the help node to establish a communication link connection with the cellular user.
  • the Initial UE Message includes identity authentication information of the cellular user and link state information between the cellular user and the helper node.
  • the help node sends a reject message to the cellular user.
  • the processing module 13 is configured to authorize the help node to establish a communication link connection with the cellular user when receiving initial user information fed back by the help node.
  • the processing module 13 authorizes the help node to establish a communication link connection with the cellular user.
  • the processing module 13 sends a Context Setup Request to the help node, authorizing the help node to establish a communication link connection with the cellular user.
  • the processing module 13 calculates the help according to the received Initial UE Message. The activation threshold of the node.
  • the processing module 13 assigns the first to rth time slots to the cellular user, that is, at the 1st to the rth. Only cellular users transmit data to the base station between slots.
  • the processing module 13 allocates the r+1th slot to the help node, that is, the help node starts transmitting data to the base station in the r+1th slot to implement the help node activation.
  • the help node and the cellular user transmit data to the base station in turn.
  • the help node and the cellular user send data to the base station by using network coding.
  • one type of data packet sent by the cellular user is received by the help node but not received by the base station, and the type of data packet is defined as a new type of packet.
  • the help node When the help node receives a new packet, it activates and sends the new packet to the base station.
  • the processing module 13 when the network throughput is not improved by using each of the help nodes, and the base station does not receive the Initial UE Message sent by the help node, the processing module 13 sends an RRCConnectionReject to the cellular user.
  • a preset time threshold is preset, and when the base station does not receive the Initial UE Message sent by the help node within the preset time threshold, the processing module 13 sends an RRCConnectionReject to the cellular user.
  • the cellular user When the cellular user receives the RRCConnectionReject sent by the base station, the cellular user sends a normal RRCConnectionRequest to the base station, and the base station and the cellular user do not use the help node to establish a communication link connection, and establish a normal communication link connection with the cellular user.
  • the help node When the help node sends data to the base station by using the network coding mode, the help node first receives the data packet sent by the cellular user, and caches the received data packet, when the number of the data packet reaches the help node.
  • the help node When the threshold r is activated, the help node performs network coding on the buffered data packet, and then transmits the encoded data packet to the base station.
  • the help node performs network coding on the data packet by linear network coding at the data link layer, and has a sufficiently large network coding domain to ensure that all packets encoded by the network are linearly independent, and the base station only needs to receive a sufficient number of data packets. Do not need to care about the contents of the packet.
  • the network coding mode is written into the data part of the data link layer packet, and a certain number of bits is allocated to indicate the coding mode.
  • information of the data packets encapsulated in the MAC packet is included, and each MAC sub-header corresponds to each data packet.
  • each MAC subheader the structure is as shown in Table 1 above.
  • the location identifier LCID code in the MAC subheader is composed of 5 bits, some of which are combined into reserved bits, and a preset bit combination indicates the corresponding MAC subheader.
  • the data packet is a network encoded data packet.
  • the preset 01100 bit combination indicates that the data packet corresponding to the MAC subheader is a network coded data packet.
  • the data to be transmitted is divided into a plurality of data groups, and the number of data packets in each data group is limited.
  • the header of the network coded data packet contains the network coding mode and the data group number.
  • the cellular user divides all the data into n data groups for transmission, and each data group contains g data packets.
  • the data group number is represented by 4 bits
  • each data packet is represented by 6 bits
  • g 50
  • the size of each data packet is 50 kbit
  • the processing module 13 When the base station receives the data packet, the processing module 13 first identifies whether the data packet is a network encoded data packet. Optionally, the processing module 13 detects whether the location identifier LCID code in the MAC sub-head corresponding to the data packet has a preset bit combination indicating that the data packet is a network-encoded data packet, for example, detecting whether there is a preset 01100 bit. combination. If the preset 01100 bit combination is detected, the data packet is identified as a network encoded data packet; otherwise, the data packet is identified as a non-network encoded data packet. When the processing module 13 identifies that the data packet is a network encoded data packet, the processing module 13 corresponds to the network coding mode.
  • the network decoding method unpacks the network encoded data packet. For example, when a cellular user needs to transmit a data packet X and a data packet Y to a base station, and the link state between the cellular user and the base station is poor, there may be a case where the data packet X or the data packet Y is lost.
  • the help node receives the data packet X and the data packet Y sent by the cellular user, and performs network coding on the data packet X and the data packet Y, and combines them into one data packet and sends the data packet to the base station.
  • the processing module 13 obtains the data packet X and the data packet Y by decoding.
  • the final base station can obtain all the data packets sent by the cellular user, thereby improving the quality of the cellular user.
  • the processing module 13 sends an ACK (Acknowledgement) message to the cellular user, and the data transmission process is completed.
  • the processing module 13 sends an RRCConnectionRelease to the cellular subscriber and the helper node, disconnects the communication link and releases the resources.
  • the determining module 11 determines whether the cellular user satisfies the condition for using the help node for data transmission, if the cellular user satisfies the use of the help node.
  • the data transmission condition the control module 12 authorizes the cellular user to send a connection request to the help node, and when receiving the initial user information fed back by the help node, the processing module 13 authorizes the help node to establish a communication link connection with the cellular user.
  • the cellular user can not only transmit data through the communication link between the conventional cellular user and the base station, but also can perform data transmission by using the communication link established by the help node, thereby reducing the communication between the same frequency D2D user communication and the cellular user communication. Interference improves the communication quality of cellular users.
  • the determining module 11 includes:
  • the obtaining unit 111 is configured to acquire measurement report information of the cellular user when receiving the data transmission request sent by the cellular user;
  • the base station when receiving the RRCConnectionRequest sent by the cellular user, the base station includes the RRCConnectionReconfigurationMessage message, and the acquiring unit 111 acquires the measurement report of the cellular user by using the RRCConnectionReconfigurationMessage message.
  • the measurement report of the cellular user includes link state information between the cellular user and the base station.
  • the calculating unit 112 is configured to calculate a signal to noise ratio between the cellular user and the base station according to the obtained measurement report information;
  • the determining unit 113 is configured to determine, if the signal to noise ratio is lower than a preset signal to noise ratio threshold, that the cellular user satisfies a condition for performing data transmission by using a help node; if the signal to noise ratio is higher than a preset signal
  • the noise ratio threshold determines that the cellular user does not satisfy the condition for using the help node for data transmission.
  • the calculating unit 112 calculates a link signal to noise ratio between the cellular user and the base station according to the link state information between the cellular user and the base station in the Measurement Report information.
  • the link state information between the base station and the cellular user includes a distance dC between the base station and the cellular user, an attenuation factor ⁇ of the link, and a useful power PC.
  • D2D user information including D2D users and The distance dD between the base stations and the interference power PD, white noise interferes with ⁇ 2.
  • the method for calculating the link signal-to-noise ratio between the base station and the cellular user according to the foregoing parameters may be referred to in the method embodiment, and details are not described herein again.
  • the signal to noise ratio threshold between the cellular user and the base station is preset. If the signal to noise ratio between the cellular user and the base station calculated by the calculating unit 112 is lower than the preset signal to noise ratio threshold, the determining unit 113 determines. The cellular user satisfies the conditions for utilizing the help node for data transmission. If the signal to noise ratio between the cellular user and the base station calculated by the calculating unit 112 is higher than the preset signal to noise ratio threshold, the determining unit 113 determines that the cellular user does not satisfy the condition for using the help node for data transmission.
  • the help node obtains the link between the cellular user and the base station when the help node receives the Attach Request sent by the cellular user and the measurement report of the cellular user. status information.
  • the help node knows link state information between the cellular user and the helper node, and link state information between the base station and the helper node.
  • the interference information of the same-frequency D2D user in the network is unknown to the help node. Therefore, the help node does not consider the interference information of the same-frequency D2D user, and calculates the network throughput of the data transmission using the help node according to the learned link state information. the amount.
  • the help node first calculates a link error rate e01 between the cellular user and the help node according to each link state information, helps the link error rate e02 between the node and the base station, and the cellular user and the base station The link error rate of the link is e03. Then, according to the following formula, the activation threshold r0 of the help node is calculated without considering the interference of the same frequency D2D user:
  • R0 [-g0(-1+e02+e03-e01e03)]/[(2-e03-e02)(e03-e01e03)-(1-e03)(-1+e02+e03-e01e03)].
  • the calculated network throughput A0 1 - e03.
  • the size of the network throughput A using the help node for data transmission and the network throughput A0 for not using the help node for data transmission are compared, that is, the sizes of g0/(r0+2k0) and (1-e03) are compared. If g0/(r0+2k0) is greater than (1-e03), the helper node can improve network throughput, and if g0/(r0+2k0) is less than or equal to (1-e03), then the Help nodes cannot increase network throughput.
  • the base station receives the Initial UE Message sent by the help node, and the processing module 13 obtains the link state information between the cellular user and the help node from the Initial UE Message.
  • the base station knows the link state information between the cellular user and the base station, helps the link state information between the node and the base station, and the same-frequency D2D user information in the network, including the distance dD and interference between the D2D user and the base station.
  • Power PD white noise interferes with ⁇ 2.
  • the processing module 13 calculates the activation threshold r of the help node under the interference of the same-frequency D2D user according to the information of the link state and the D2D user information, as described in the method embodiment, and details are not described herein again.
  • the processing module 13 calculates the activation threshold r of the help node under the interference of the same frequency D2D user, sends a Context Setup Request to the help node, and authorizes the help node to establish a communication link connection with the cellular user, and according to the calculation
  • the activation threshold r of the help node learns the activation time slot of the help node, allocates corresponding resources to the help node to start transmitting data on the activation time slot, and activates the help node.
  • the data transmission device receives the measurement report information of the cellular user, and the calculation unit 112 obtains the measurement report information according to the obtained measurement report information when receiving the data transmission request by the helper node sent by the cellular user.
  • the determining unit 113 determines that the cellular user satisfies a condition for using the help node for data transmission, if If the signal to noise ratio is higher than the preset signal to noise ratio threshold, the determining unit 113 determines that the cellular user does not satisfy the condition for using the help node for data transmission, when the cellular user satisfies the condition for using the help node for data transmission.
  • control module 12 is further configured to:
  • the link state between the cellular user and the helper node may change during data transmission. For example, when the distance between the cellular user and the helper node becomes far, the link state between the cellular user and the helper node becomes worse, and the helper node may no longer be able to improve the throughput of the network.
  • the use of this help node also does not improve the communication quality of cellular users. Therefore, in order to avoid this, in the present embodiment, in the case where the cellular user establishes a communication link connection with the help node, the control module 12 disconnects the help when the utilization node cannot improve the network throughput.
  • the communication link between the node and the base station is connected to release resources.
  • the control module 12 disconnects the communication link between the help node and the base station, and releases the resource.
  • the control module 12 disconnects the communication link between the help node and the base station and releases the resource.
  • the cellular user in the case that the cellular user establishes a communication link connection with the help node, the cellular user sends a Measurement Report to the help node every time period T according to the preset time period T.
  • the help node receives the Measurement Report sent by the cellular user, it is re-determined according to the Measurement Report whether the utilization of the help node can improve the network throughput. If the helper node is still able to increase network throughput, the helper node and the cellular subscriber continue to transmit data to the base station over the established communication link connection.
  • the help node If the helper node is unable to improve network throughput, the help node sends a handover request Handover information to the base station, and then sends Handover Command information to the cellular user. When the cellular user receives the Handover Command information, the communication link with the helper node is disconnected.
  • control module 12 authorizes the cellular user to send the other helper node. Connect the request to establish a new communication link connection.
  • the data transmission device provided in this embodiment, after the help node establishes a communication link connection with the cellular user, when receiving the handover request sent by the help node, the control module 12 disconnects the communication link with the help node. To establish a new communication link with other help nodes, thus further ensuring the communication quality of cellular users.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a data transmission system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the data transmission system includes: a base station 10, a cellular user 20, and a help node 30.
  • the base station 10 includes the data transmission device described in the above embodiment.
  • the working process of the data transmission system is as follows:
  • the cellular user 20 When the cellular user 20 needs to transmit data to the base station 10, the cellular user 20 first sends a data transmission request to the base station 10.
  • the cellular user 20 sends an RRCConnectionRequest to the base station 10, where the RRCConnectionRequest includes the EstablishmentCause information.
  • the EstablishmentCause information is set to NC-data Transmission, that is, the type of data transmission between the cellular user 20 and the base station 10 is set to the data transmission type of the network coding mode.
  • the base station 10 Upon receiving the RRCConnectionRequest sent by the cellular user 20, the base station 10 acquires a Measurement Report of the cellular user 20, and the Measurement Report includes link state information between the cellular user 20 and the base station 10.
  • the judging module 11 of the data transmission device determines, based on the Measurement Report, whether the cellular user 20 satisfies the condition for data transmission using the help node.
  • the control module 12 authorizes the cellular user 20 to send a connection request to the help node.
  • the control module 12 sends an RRCConnectionSetup Complete to the cellular subscriber 20, authorizing the cellular subscriber 20 to look for the help node 30.
  • the help node 30 is preferably a relay node relay in a cellular network system.
  • the control module 12 transmits the RRCConnectionReject to the cellular user 20.
  • the cellular subscriber 20 receives the RRCConnectionReject sent by the control module 12, it sends a normal RRCConnectionRequest to the base station 10, and the base station 10 and the cellular subscriber 20 do not establish a communication link connection with the help node, establishing a conventional communication link connection with the cellular subscriber 20.
  • the cellular user 20 When the cellular user 20 receives the RRCConnectionSetup Complete, the cellular user 20 transmits a connection request Attach Request and a measurement report of the cellular user 20 to a plurality of help nodes 30 within its communication range.
  • Each help node 30 that receives the connection request Attach Request sent by the cellular subscriber 20 and the Measurement Report of the cellular subscriber 20 acquires link state information between the cellular subscriber 20 and the base station 10 in the Measurement Report of the cellular subscriber 20.
  • each help node 30 knows the link state information between the cellular subscriber 20 and the helper node 30, as well as the link state information between the base station 10 and the helper node 30. Since the interference information of the same-frequency D2D user in the network is unknown to each helper node, each helper node 30 does not consider the interference information of the same-frequency D2D user, and calculates and utilizes the help node according to the learned link state information. Network throughput for data transmission.
  • each help node 30 first calculates a link error rate e01 between the cellular user 20 and the help node 30 according to each link state information, and helps the link error rate e02 between the node 30 and the base station 10 And the link error rate e03 between the cellular subscriber 20 and the base station 10. Then, according to the following formula, the activation threshold r0 of the help node is calculated without considering the interference of the same frequency D2D user:
  • R0 [-g0(-1+e02+e03-e01e03)]/[(2-e03-e02)(e03-e01e03)-(1-e03)(-1+e02+e03-e01e03)].
  • g0 is the number of data packets received by the base station during data transmission. If, during the data transmission, the number of data packets sent by the help node 30 after activation is k0, and the cellular user 20 and the help node 30 send one data packet per time slot, the cellular user 20 and the help node 30 transmit the data packets.
  • the calculated network throughput A0 1 - e03.
  • the size of the network throughput A0 that utilizes the help node for data transmission and the network throughput A0 that does not utilize the help node for data transmission are compared, that is, the sizes of g0/(r0+2k0) and (1-e03) are compared. If g0/(r0+2k0) is greater than (1-e03), the helper node can improve network throughput, and if g0/(r0+2k0) is less than or equal to (1-e03), then the Help nodes cannot increase network throughput.
  • the help node 30 When the help node is able to increase the network throughput, the help node 30 sends an Initial UE Message to the base station 10, requesting the base station 10 to authenticate and authorize the help node 30 to establish a communication link connection with the cellular user 20.
  • the Initial UE Message includes identity authentication information of the cellular user 20 and link state information between the cellular user 20 and the helper node 30.
  • the help node 30 sends a reject message to the cellular user 20 when the help node is unable to increase network throughput.
  • the processing module 13 authorizes the help node 30 to establish a communication link connection with the cellular user 20.
  • the processing module 13 sends a Context Setup Request to the help node 30, authorizing the help node 30 to establish a communication link connection with the cellular user 20.
  • the base station 10 receives the Initial UE Message sent by the help node 30 by using the help node 30, the processing module 13 obtains the link between the cellular user 20 and the help node 10 from the Initial UE Message. status information.
  • the base station 10 knows the link state information between the cellular user 20 and the base station 10, helps the link state information between the node 30 and the base station 10, and the intra-frequency D2D user information in the network, including between the D2D user and the base station.
  • the distance dD and the interference power PD, the white noise interferes with ⁇ 2.
  • the process of the processing module 13 for calculating the activation threshold r of the help node 30 under the same-frequency D2D user interference according to the respective link state information and the D2D user information is as described in the method embodiment, and details are not described herein again.
  • the processing module 13 calculates the activation threshold r of the help node under the interference of the same frequency D2D user, sends a Context Setup Request to the help node 30, and the authorization help node 30 establishes a communication link connection with the cellular user 20, and according to the calculated help node 30
  • the activation threshold r learns the activation time slot of the help node 30, allocates corresponding resources to the help node 30 to start transmitting data on the activation time slot, and activates the help node 30. For example, if the time slot in which the data is transmitted is continuous, the processing module 13 assigns the first to rth time slots to the cellular user 20, that is, only the cellular user 20 uses the network coding between the 1st and rth time slots.
  • the method transmits data to the base station 10.
  • the processing module 13 allocates the r+1th time slot to the helper node 30, that is, the help node 30 starts to transmit data to the base station 10 by using the network coding mode at the r+1th time slot.
  • the help node 30 and the cellular user 20 transmit data to the base station 10 in turn.
  • one type of data packet sent by the cellular user 10 is received by the help node 30 and not received by the base station 10, and the type of data packet is defined as a new type of packet.
  • the help node 30 When the help node 30 receives a new packet, it activates and transmits the new packet to the base station 10.
  • the processing module 13 sends an RRCConnectionReject to the cellular user 20.
  • a preset time threshold is set in advance. When the base station 10 does not receive the Initial UE Message sent by the help node 30 within the preset time threshold, the processing module 13 sends an RRCConnectionReject to the cellular user 20.
  • the cellular subscriber 20 When the cellular user 20 receives the RRCConnectionReject sent by the base station 10, the cellular subscriber 20 sends a normal RRCConnectionRequest to the base station 10, and the base station 10 and the cellular subscriber 20 do not establish a communication link connection with the help node, establishing a conventional communication link connection with the cellular subscriber 20. .
  • the help node 30 When the help node 30 transmits data to the base station 10 by using the network coding mode, the help node 30 first receives the data packet sent by the cellular user 20, and buffers the received data packet, when the number of the data packet reaches the help node 30. When the activation threshold r is reached, the help node 30 performs network coding on the buffered data packet, and then transmits the encoded data packet to the base station 10.
  • the processing module 13 When the base station 10 receives the data packet, the processing module 13 first identifies whether the data packet is a network encoded data packet. Optionally, the processing module 13 detects whether the location identifier LCID code in the MAC sub-head corresponding to the data packet has a preset bit combination indicating that the data packet is a network-encoded data packet. If the preset 01100 bit combination is detected, the data packet is identified as a network encoded data packet; otherwise, the data packet is identified as a non-network encoded data packet. When the processing module 13 identifies that the data packet is a network encoded data packet, the processing module 13 unpacks the network encoded data packet according to a network decoding manner corresponding to the network coding mode.
  • the help node 30 receives the data packet X and the data packet Y transmitted by the cellular user 20, and performs network coding on the data packet X and the data packet Y, and combines them into one data packet and transmits the data packet to the base station 10. After the base station 10 receives the data packet transmitted by the help node 30, the data packet X and the data packet Y are obtained by decoding.
  • the final base station 10 can obtain all the data packets transmitted by the cellular subscriber 20, thereby improving the quality of the cellular subscriber 20.
  • the processing module 13 sends ACK (Acknowledgement) information to the cellular user 20, and the data transmission process is completed.
  • the processing module 13 sends an RRCConnectionRelease to the cellular subscriber 20 and the helper node 30, disconnects the communication link and releases the resources.
  • the data transmission system provided in this embodiment includes a base station 10, a cellular user 20, and a helper node 30.
  • the base station 10 includes the data transmission apparatus according to the embodiment of the present invention.
  • the judging module 11 of the data transmission device determines whether the cellular user 20 satisfies the condition for data transmission by using the help node, and if the cellular user 20 satisfies the condition for data transmission by using the help node, the data
  • the control module 12 of the transmission device authorizes the cellular user 20 to send a connection request to the help node 30.
  • the processing module 13 of the data transmission device Upon receiving the handover request sent by the help node 30, the processing module 13 of the data transmission device authorizes the help node 30 to establish a communication chain with the cellular user 20.
  • the connection is made, therefore, the cellular user 10 can not only transmit data through the communication link between the conventional cellular user 20 and the base station 10, but also reduce the same frequency D2D by using the communication link established by the help node 30 for data transmission.
  • the interference caused by the user communication to the cellular subscriber 20 communication improves the communication quality of the cellular subscriber 20.
  • the present invention satisfies the condition that the cellular user satisfies the data transmission by using the help node, and utilizes the help node to improve the network throughput, and when receiving the initial user information fed back by the help node, authorizes
  • the help node establishes a communication link connection with the cellular user, and the cellular user can not only transmit data through a communication link between a conventional cellular user and a base station, but also can use a communication link established by the help node.
  • the data transmission of the road reduces the interference caused by the communication of the same frequency D2D user to the cellular user, and improves the communication quality of the cellular user.

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Abstract

本发明公开了一种数据传输方法。在该数据传输方法中，当接收到蜂窝用户发送的数据传输请求时，判断所述蜂窝用户是否满足利用帮助节点进行数据传输的条件；若是，则授权所述蜂窝用户向帮助节点发送包含蜂窝用户的测量报告信息的连接请求；当接收到帮助节点反馈的初始用户信息时，授权所述帮助节点与所述蜂窝用户建立通信链路连接。本发明还公开了一种数据传输装置以及数据传输系统。本发明提高了蜂窝用户的通信质量。

Description

数据传输方法、装置及数据传输系统 技术领域
本发明涉及无线通信技术领域，尤其涉及数据传输方法、装置及数据传输系统。
背景技术
随着无线蜂窝通信技术的发展，基于无线通信的应用越来越广泛。例如，D2D(Device-to-Device，端到端)通信，是一种在无线蜂窝系统的控制下，允许终端之间复用小区内频谱资源通过直接链路进行通信的新型技术。D2D通信技术能够提高无线蜂窝系统的频谱利用率，但是由于D2D是复用小区内频谱资源进行通信，会对蜂窝用户的通信造成干扰，降低蜂窝用户的通信质量。
发明内容
本发明的主要目的在于提出一种数据传输方法、装置及数据传输系统，旨在解决同频D2D用户通信会干扰蜂窝用户通信，降低蜂窝用户通信质量的技术问题。
为实现上述目的，本发明实施例提供一种数据传输方法，所述数据传输方法包括以下步骤：当接收到蜂窝用户发送的数据传输请求时，判断所述蜂窝用户是否满足利用帮助节点进行数据传输的条件；若是，则授权所述蜂窝用户向帮助节点发送包含蜂窝用户的测量报告信息的连接请求；当接收到帮助节点反馈的初始用户信息时，授权所述帮助节点与所述蜂窝用户建立通信链路连接。
可选地，所述当接收到帮助节点反馈的初始用户信息时，授权所述帮助节点与所述蜂窝用户建立通信链路连接的步骤之后，还包括：接收所述帮助节点与所述蜂窝用户采用网络编码方式发送的数据，并进行解码。
可选地，所述当接收到蜂窝用户发送的数据传输请求时，判断所述蜂窝用户是否满足利用帮助节点进行数据传输的条件的步骤包括：当接收到蜂窝用户发送的数据传输请求时，获取所述蜂窝用户的测量报告信息；根据获取的所述测量报告信息，计算所述蜂窝用户与基站之间的信噪比；若所述信噪比低于预置的信噪比阈值，则判断所述蜂窝用户满足利用帮助节点进行数据传输的条件；若所述信噪比高于预置的信噪比阈值，则判断所述蜂窝用户不满足利用帮助节点进行数据传输的条件。
可选地，所述当接收到帮助节点反馈的初始用户信息时，授权所述帮助节点与所述蜂窝用户建立通信链路连接的步骤之前，还包括：帮助节点根据接收到的蜂窝用户的测量报告信息，计算利用帮助节点进行数据传输的网络吞吐量；判断所述网络吞吐量是否大于未利用帮助节点进行数据传输的网络吞吐量；若是，则发送初始用户信息至基站；若否，则发送拒绝信息至蜂窝用户。
可选地，所述授权所述帮助节点与所述蜂窝用户建立通信链路连接的步骤之前，还包括：根据接收到的所述初始用户信息，计算所述帮助节点的激活门限。
可选地，所述当接收到帮助节点反馈的初始用户信息时，授权所述帮助节点与所述蜂窝用户建立通信链路连接的步骤之后，还包括：当接收到所述帮助节点发送的切换请求时，断开与所述帮助节点的通信链路连接。
此外，为实现上述目的，本发明实施例还提出一种数据传输装置，所述数据传输装置包括：判断模块，用于当接收到蜂窝用户发送的数据传输请求时，判断所述蜂窝用户是否满足利用帮助节点进行数据传输的条件；控制模块，用于若所述蜂窝用户满足利用帮助节点进行数据传输的条件，则授权所述蜂窝用户向帮助节点发送包含蜂窝用户的测量报告信息的连接请求；处理模块，用于当接收到帮助节点反馈的初始用户信息时，授权所述帮助节点与所述蜂窝用户建立通信链路连接。
可选地，所述处理模块还用于：接收所述帮助节点与所述蜂窝用户采用网络编码方式发送的数据，并进行解码。
可选地，所述判断模块包括：获取单元，用于当接收到蜂窝用户发送的数据传输请求时，获取所述蜂窝用户的测量报告信息；计算单元，用于根据获取的所述测量报告信息，计算所述蜂窝用户与基站之间的信噪比；判断单元，用于若所述信噪比低于预置的信噪比阈值，则判断所述蜂窝用户满足利用帮助节点进行数据传输的条件；若所述信噪比高于预置的信噪比阈值，则判断所述蜂窝用户不满足利用帮助节点进行数据传输的条件。
可选地，所述处理模块还用于：根据接收到的所述初始用户信息，计算所述帮助节点的激活门限。
可选地，所述控制模块还用于：当接收到所述帮助节点发送的切换请求时，断开与所述帮助节点的通信链路连接。
此外，为实现上述目的，本发明实施例还提出一种数据传输系统，所述数据传输系统包括基站、蜂窝用户以及帮助节点；所述基站包括本发明实施例所述的数据传输装置。
本发明实施例提出的数据传输方法、装置及数据传输系统，在蜂窝用户满足利用帮助节点进行数据传输的条件，并且利用帮助节点能够提高网络吞吐量，当接收到帮助节点反馈的初始用户信息时，授权所述帮助节点与所述蜂窝用户建立通信链路连接，蜂窝用户不仅可以通过常规的蜂窝用户与基站之间的通信链路进行数据传输，还可以通过利用帮助节点建立的通信链路进行数据传输，降低了同频D2D用户通信对蜂窝用户通信造成的干扰，提高了蜂窝用户的通信质量。
附图说明
图1为本发明实施例数据传输方法第一实施例的流程示意图；
图2为本发明实施例数据传输方法第二实施例中当接收到蜂窝用户发送的数据传输请求时，判断所述蜂窝用户是否满足利用帮助节点进行数据传输的条件的一种流程示意图；
图3为本发明实施例数据传输方法第三实施例的流程示意图；
图4为本发明实施例数据传输装置第一实施例的功能模块示意图；
图5为本发明实施例数据传输装置第二实施例中判断模块的一种细化功能模块示意图；
图6为本发明实施例数据传输系统的结构框架示意图。
本发明目的的实现、功能特点及优点将结合实施例，参照附图做进一步说明。
具体实施方式
应当理解，此处所描述的具体实施例仅仅用以解释本发明，并不用于限定本发明。
本发明实施例提供一种数据传输方法，参照图1，图1为本发明实施例数据传输方法第一实施例的流程示意图。
在本实施例中，该数据传输方法包括以下步骤：
步骤S10，当接收到蜂窝用户发送的数据传输请求时，判断所述蜂窝用户是否满足利用帮助节点进行数据传输的条件；
在D2D通信中，D2D终端之间复用小区内频谱资源，通过直接链路进行通信，因此能够提高无线蜂窝系统的性能，但由于其是复用小区内频谱资源进行通信，会对蜂窝用户的通信造成干扰，降低蜂窝用户的通信质量。本发明实施例的数据传输方法通过利用帮助节点进行数据传输，克服了D2D通信对蜂窝用户通信造成的干扰，提高了蜂窝用户的通信质量。在本实施例中，当蜂窝用户需要向基站传输数据时，蜂窝用户首先向基站发送数据传输请求，可选地，在本实施例中，蜂窝用户向所述基站发送RRCConnectionRequest(无线资源控制连接请求)，该RRCConnectionRequest中包括EstablishmentCause(建立原因)信息，在本实施例中，所述EstablishmentCause信息设置为NC-data Transmission(网络编码-数据传输)，也即蜂窝用户与基站之间数据传输的类型设置为网络编码方式的数据传输类型。
基站在接收到蜂窝用户发送的RRCConnectionRequest时，获取到蜂窝用户的Measurement Report(测量报告信息)，所述Measurement Report包括蜂窝用户与基站之间的链路状态信息。基站根据所述Measurement Report判断蜂窝用户是否满足利用帮助节点进行数据传输的条件。
步骤S20，若是，则授权所述蜂窝用户向帮助节点发送包含蜂窝用户的测量报告信息的连 接请求；
当基站判断所述蜂窝用户满足利用帮助节点进行数据传输的条件时，则基站授权所述蜂窝用户向帮助节点发送连接请求。可选地，基站发送RRCConnectionSetup Complete(无线资源控制连接设置完成)至所述蜂窝用户，授权所述蜂窝用户寻找帮助节点。本实施例中，所述帮助节点优选为蜂窝网络系统中的relay(中继节点)。当蜂窝用户接收到所述RRCConnectionSetup Complete时，蜂窝用户向其通信范围内的多个帮助节点发送Attach Request(连接请求)以及蜂窝用户的Measurement Report。
当基站判断所述蜂窝用户不满足利用帮助节点进行数据传输的条件时，则发送RRCConnectionReject(无线资源控制连接拒绝)至所述蜂窝用户。当蜂窝用户接收到基站发送的RRCConnectionReject时，则发送普通RRCConnectionRequest至所述基站，基站与蜂窝用户不利用帮助节点建立通信链路连接，与蜂窝用户建立常规的通信链路连接。
接收到蜂窝用户发送的Attach Request以及蜂窝用户的Measurement Report的每个帮助节点，获取到蜂窝用户的Measurement Report中的蜂窝用户与基站之间的链路状态信息。同时，每个帮助节点已知所述蜂窝用户与该帮助节点之间的链路状态信息，以及所述基站与该帮助节点之间的链路状态信息。每个帮助节点根据获知的各个链路状态信息计算利用帮助节点进行数据传输的网络吞吐量。然后比较利用帮助节点进行数据传输的网络吞吐量与不利用帮助节点进行数据传输的网络吞吐量的大小，判断利用所述帮助节点是否能够提高网络吞吐量。当利用帮助节点能够提高网络吞吐量时，帮助节点发送Initial UE Message(初始用户信息)至基站，请求基站认证授权该帮助节点与蜂窝用户建立通信链路连接。其中，所述Initial UE Message包括蜂窝用户的身份认证信息以及蜂窝用户与该帮助节点之间的链路状态信息。当利用帮助节点不能提高网络吞吐量时，帮助节点发送reject(拒绝)信息至所述蜂窝用户。
步骤S30，当接收到帮助节点反馈的初始用户信息时，授权所述帮助节点与所述蜂窝用户建立通信链路连接。
当利用帮助节点能够提高网络吞吐量，接收到帮助节点反馈的Initial UE Message时，基站授权所述帮助节点与蜂窝用户建立通信链路连接。可选地，基站发送Context Setup Request(上下文建立请求)至所述帮助节点，授权所述帮助节点与蜂窝用户建立通信链路连接。可选地，基站在发送Context Setup Request至所述帮助节点，授权所述帮助节点与蜂窝用户建立通信链路连接之前，根据接收到的所述Initial UE Message，计算所述帮助节点的激活门限。然后根据计算的所述帮助节点的激活门限获知所述帮助节点的激活时隙，将对应的资源分配给所述帮助节点使其在激活时隙上开始发送数据，激活所述帮助节点。例如，若计算出帮助节点的激活门限为r，发送数据的时隙是连续的，则基站将第1到第r个时隙分配给蜂窝用户，也即在第1到第r个时隙之间只有蜂窝用户发送数据至基站。从第r+1时隙开始，基站将第r+1时隙分配给帮助节点，也即帮助节点在第r+1时隙开始发送数据至基站，实现帮助节点激活。在之后发送数据的时隙中，帮助节点与蜂窝用户轮流向基站发送数据。可选地，所述帮助节点与所述蜂窝用户采用网络编码方式发送数据至基站。
可选地，蜂窝用户发送的数据包中有一类数据包是被帮助节点接收到而未被基站接收到，定义此类型数据包为新型包。当帮助节点只要接收到一个新型包就会激活，向基站发送该新型包。
当利用各个帮助节点均不能提高网络吞吐量，基站未接收到帮助节点发送的Initial UE Message时，则基站发送RRCConnectionReject至所述蜂窝用户。可选地，预先设置一预置的时间阈值，当在所述预置的时间阈值内基站未接收到帮助节点发送的Initial UE Message时，则基站发送RRCConnectionReject至所述蜂窝用户。当蜂窝用户接收到基站发送的RRCConnectionReject时，蜂窝用户发送普通RRCConnectionRequest至基站，基站与蜂窝用户不利用帮助节点建立通信链路连接，与蜂窝用户建立常规的通信链路连接。
当帮助节点采用网络编码方式向基站发送数据时，所述帮助节点先接收蜂窝用户发送的数据包，将接收到的所述数据包进行缓存，当所述数据包的数量达到所述帮助节点的激活门限r时，所述帮助节点将缓存的所述数据包进行网络编码，然后将编码后的数据包发送至基站。帮助节点对数据包进行网络编码是在数据链路层进行线性网络编码，具有足够大的网络编码域，可以保证所有进行网络编码的数据包线性无关，基站只需要接收到足够多数量的数据包，不需要关心数据包的内容。可选地，当帮助节点在对接收到的数据包进行网络编码时，将网络编码方式写入数据链路层包的数据部分，分配一定的比特数用以表示编码方式。在数据链路层的MAC(Media Access Control，媒体接入控制)包的头部，包含了封装在该MAC包内的数据包的信息，每个MAC子头(sub-header)与每个数据包对应。对于每个MAC子头，其结构如表1所示，MAC子头中位置标识LCID(Local Character set Identifier，局部字符集标识符)码由5个比特组成，其中一部分组合为保留比特，预置某一比特组合指示所述MAC子头对应的数据包为网络编码数据包。例如，预置01100比特组合指示所述MAC子头对应的数据包为网络编码数据包。
表1
数值 功能
00000 公共控制信道
00001-01010 逻辑信道指示
01011-11000 保留位
11001 延伸功率扩展报告
11010 功率扩展报告
11011 临时标识符
11100 截断缓冲状态报告
11101 短缓冲状态报告
11110 长状态报告
11111 填充
当网络编码数据包中包含的比特数很多或者源节点数很少时，网络编码数据包的头部开销相对很小。因此，为了减少网络编码数据包的头部开销，将要传输的数据分成多个数据组，限制每个数据组内的数据包个数。网络编码数据包的头部包含网络编码方式及数据组编号。若在数据传输过程中，蜂窝用户将全部数据分为n个数据组进行传输，每个数据组中包含g个数据包。例如用4个比特表示数据组编号，用6个比特表示每个数据包，g＝50，每个数据包的大小为50kbit，则计算出网络编码数据包的头部开销为：(50*6+4)/50000＝0.006。
基站在接收到数据包时，首先识别该数据包是否为网络编码数据包。可选地，基站检测所述数据包对应的MAC子头中位置标识LCID码是否存在指示所述数据包为网络编码数据包的预置比特组合，例如，检测是否存在预置的01100比特组合。若检测到该预置的01100比特组合，则识别该数据包为网络编码数据包；否则，识别该数据包为非网络编码数据包。基站在识别到该数据包为网络编码数据包时，则按照网络编码方式对应的网络解码方式对该网络编码数据包进行解包。例如，当蜂窝用户需要将数据包X和数据包Y发送至基站，而蜂窝用户与基站之间的链路状态较差，可能就会存在数据包X或数据包Y丢失的情况。而当利用帮助节点后，帮助节点接收到蜂窝用户发送的数据包X和数据包Y，并将数据包X和数据包Y进行网络编码，合并成一个数据包发送至基站。当基站接收到帮助节点发送的数据包后，通过解码获得数据包X和数据包Y。因此，不管蜂窝用户在传输过程中丢失了哪个数据包，最终基站都能够获得蜂窝用户发送的所有数据包，从而提高了蜂窝用户的通过质量。当基站接收到足够数目的数据包时，基站发送ACK(Acknowledgement，确认响应)信息至蜂窝用户，数据传输过程完成。同时，基站向蜂窝用户和帮助节点发送RRCConnectionRelease，断开通信链路连接并释放资源。
本实施例提供的数据传输方法，当接收到蜂窝用户发送的数据传输请求时，判断所述蜂窝用户是否满足利用帮助节点进行数据传输的条件，若所述蜂窝用户满足利用帮助节点进行数据传输的条件，则授权所述蜂窝用户向帮助节点发送包含蜂窝用户的测量报告信息的连接请求，然后当接收到帮助节点反馈的初始用户信息时，授权所述帮助节点与所述蜂窝用户建立通信链路连接，蜂窝用户不仅可以通过常规的蜂窝用户与基站之间的通信链路进行数据传输，还可以通过利用帮助节点建立的通信链路进行数据传输，因此，降低了同频D2D用户通信对蜂窝用户通信造成的干扰，提高了蜂窝用户的通信质量。
可选地，如图2所示，基于第一实施例提出本发明实施例数据传输方法第二实施例，在本实施例中，上述步骤S10包括：
步骤S11，当接收到蜂窝用户发送的数据传输请求时，获取蜂窝用户的测量报告信息；
本实施例中，基站在接收到蜂窝用户发送的RRCConnectionRequest时，其中包括RRCConnectionReconfigurationMessage(无线资源控制连接配置消息)消息，基站通过RRCConnectionReconfigurationMessage消息获取蜂窝用户的测量报告信息Measurement Report。 所述蜂窝用户的测量报告信息Measurement Report包括蜂窝用户与基站之间的链路状态信息。
步骤S12，根据获取的所述测量报告信息，计算所述蜂窝用户与基站之间的信噪比；
基站获取到蜂窝用户的测量报告信息Measurement Report后，根据所述Measurement Report信息中的蜂窝用户与基站之间的链路状态信息计算蜂窝用户与基站之间的链路信噪比。可选地，基站与蜂窝用户之间的链路状态信息中包括基站与蜂窝用户之间的距离dC，链路的衰减因子α，有用功率PC。以及结合同频D2D用户信息，包括D2D用户与基站之间的距离dD和干扰功率PD，白噪声干扰σ2。基站根据上述各个参数计算基站与蜂窝用户之间的链路信噪比的方法如上述实施例中步骤c所述，在此不再赘述。
步骤S13，判断计算的所述信噪比是否低于预置的信噪比阈值；
步骤S14，若是，则所述蜂窝用户满足利用帮助节点进行数据传输的条件；
步骤S15，若否，则判断所述蜂窝用户不满足利用帮助节点进行数据传输的条件。
本实施例中，预先设置蜂窝用户与基站之间的信噪比阈值，判断计算的蜂窝用户与基站之间的信噪比与预先设置蜂窝用户与基站之间的信噪比阈值的大小。若计算的蜂窝用户与基站之间的信噪比低于预置的信噪比阈值，则判断所述蜂窝用户满足利用帮助节点进行数据传输的条件；若计算的蜂窝用户与基站之间的信噪比高于预置的信噪比阈值，则判断所述蜂窝用户不满足利用帮助节点进行数据传输的条件。
当基站判断所述蜂窝用户满足利用帮助节点进行数据传输的条件，帮助节点接收到蜂窝用户发送的连接请求Attach Request以及蜂窝用户的测量报告信息Measurement Report时，帮助节点获取到蜂窝用户与基站之间的链路状态信息。同时，帮助节点已知所述蜂窝用户与该帮助节点之间的链路状态信息，以及所述基站与该帮助节点之间的链路状态信息。而网络中同频D2D用户的干扰信息对于帮助节点是未知的，因此，帮助节点不考虑同频D2D用户的干扰信息，根据获知的各个链路状态信息计算利用帮助节点进行数据传输的网络吞吐量。
可选地，帮助节点根据各个链路状态信息首先计算出蜂窝用户与帮助节点之间的链路误包率e01，帮助节点与基站之间的链路误包率e02，以及蜂窝用户与基站之间的链路误包率e03。然后，根据下面公式计算出在不考虑同频D2D用户干扰下帮助节点的激活门限r0为：
r0＝[-g0(-1+e02+e03-e01e03)]/[(2-e03-e02)(e03-e01e03)-(1-e03)(-1+e02+e03-e01e03)]。
其中，g0为在数据传输过程中基站接收到的数据包个数。若在数据传输过程中，帮助节点激活后发送的数据包个数为k0，蜂窝用户与帮助节点每个时隙发送一个数据包，那么蜂窝用户与帮助节点传输这些数据包所用的总时隙为r0+2k0，则计算出利用帮助节点的网络吞吐量A＝g0/(r0+2k0)。
当不利用帮助节点时，计算的网络吞吐量A0＝1-e03。比较所述利用帮助节点进行数据传输的网络吞吐量A与不利用帮助节点进行数据传输的网络吞吐量A0的大小，也即比较g0/(r0+2k0)与(1-e03)的大小。若g0/(r0+2k0)大于(1-e03)时，则利用所述帮助节点能够提高网络 吞吐量，若g0/(r0+2k0)小于或等于(1-e03)时，则利用所述帮助节点不能提高网络吞吐量。
当利用帮助节点能够提高网络吞吐量，基站接收到帮助节点发送的初始用户信息Initial UE Message时，基站从初始用户信息Initial UE Message中获取蜂窝用户与帮助节点之间的链路状态信息。同时，基站已知蜂窝用户与基站之间的链路状态信息，帮助节点与基站之间的链路状态信息，以及网络中同频D2D用户信息，包括D2D用户与基站之间的距离dD和干扰功率PD，白噪声干扰σ2。可选地，基站根据各个链路状态信息以及D2D用户信息，计算在同频D2D用户干扰下所述帮助节点的激活门限r的步骤如下：
步骤a，计算各个链路的信噪比；
例如，以基站与蜂窝用户之间的链路为例，根据基站与蜂窝用户之间的链路状态信息中的基站与蜂窝用户之间的距离dC，链路的衰减因子α，有用功率PC，以及D2D用户与基站之间的距离dD和干扰功率PD，白噪声干扰σ2，计算出基站与蜂窝用户之间的链路信噪比T为：
T＝(PC·dC-α·hC)/(PD·dD-α·hD+σ2)；
其中，h＝|f|2，f为瑞利分布随机数。同理，可根据该公式计算出基站与帮助节点之间的链路信噪比，以及帮助节点与蜂窝用户之间的链路信噪比。
步骤b，根据各个链路的信噪比计算各个链路误码率；
同样，以基站与蜂窝用户之间的链路为例，计算出基站与蜂窝用户之间的链路信噪比T后，根据该信噪比T计算出基站与蜂窝用户之间的链路误码率(BER)，链路误码率BER的计算公式如下：
BER＝1-{1-[2(M1/2-1)/M1/2]·Q[(3T·log2M)/(M-1)]1/2}2；
其中，M为调制参数，例如，当利用16QAM调制方式时，M＝16。同理，计算出基站与帮助节点之间的链路误码率，以及帮助节点与蜂窝用户之间的链路误码率。
步骤c，根据各个链路误码率计算各个链路误包率；
然后，再根据上述步骤中计算出来的链路误码率BER计算出链路误包率e，链路误包率e的计算公式如下：
e＝1-(1-BER)N；
其中，N为每个数据包中包含的比特数。根据上述方法分别计算出在考虑同频D2D用户的干扰信息的情况下，蜂窝用户与帮助节点之间的链路误包率e1，帮助节点与基站之间的链路误包率e2，蜂窝用户与基站之间的链路误包率e3。
步骤d，根据各个链路误包率计算帮助节点的激活门限。
由于在整个数据传输过程中，基站接收到的数据包来源于帮助节点与蜂窝用户，也就是 说基站没有从蜂窝用户接收到的数据包从帮助节点接收到。在帮助节点激活前，蜂窝用户发送的数据包r，也即帮助节点的激活门限r，帮助节点激活后发送的数据包k。那么可知基站没有从蜂窝用户接收到的数据包为r(1-e1)e3+k(1-e1)e3，基站从帮助节点接收到的数据包为k(1-e2)，则有
r(1-e1)e3+k(1-e1)e3＝k(1-e2)；
其中，(1-e1)e3为数据包没有被基站接收到而被帮助节点接收到的概率，(1-e2)为帮助节点发送的数据包被基站接收的概率。
帮助节点激活后与蜂窝用户一起向基站发送数据包，基站接收到g个数据包，则有
g＝r(1-e3)+k(1-e3)+k(1-e2)；
因此，根据上述两个公式可计算出帮助节点的激活门限r的值为：
r＝[-g(-1+e2+e3-e1e3)]/[(2-e3-e2)(e3-e1e3)-(1-e3)(-1+e2+e3-e1e3)]。
基站计算出在同频D2D用户干扰下帮助节点的激活门限r后，发送Context Setup Request至所述帮助节点，授权所述帮助节点与蜂窝用户建立通信链路连接，并根据计算的所述帮助节点的激活门限r获知所述帮助节点的激活时隙，将对应的资源分配给所述帮助节点使其在激活时隙上开始发送数据，激活所述帮助节点。
本实施例提供的数据传输方法，当接收到蜂窝用户发送的数据传输请求时，获取所述蜂窝用户的测量报告信息，然后根据获取的所述测量报告信息，计算所述蜂窝用户与基站之间的信噪比，若所述信噪比低于预置的信噪比阈值，则判断所述蜂窝用户满足利用帮助节点进行数据传输的条件，若所述信噪比高于预置的信噪比阈值，则判断所述蜂窝用户不满足利用帮助节点进行数据传输的条件，在所述蜂窝用户满足利用帮助节点进行数据传输的条件时，通过利用帮助节点建立的通信链路进行数据传输，降低了同频D2D用户通信对蜂窝用户通信造成的干扰，提高了蜂窝用户的通信质量。
可选地，如图3所示，基于第一实施例和第二实施例提出本发明实施例数据传输方法第三实施例，在本实施例中，所述数据传输方法在上述步骤S30之后还包括步骤：
步骤S40，当接收到所述帮助节点发送的切换请求时，断开与所述帮助节点的通信链路连接。
由于在数据传输过程中，蜂窝用户与帮助节点之间的链路状态可能会发生变化。例如，当蜂窝用户与帮助节点之间的距离变远后，蜂窝用户与帮助节点之间的链路状态变差，利用该帮助节点就可能不再能够提高网络的吞吐量，此时，若继续利用该帮助节点也不能够提高蜂窝用户的通信质量。因此，为了避免这种情况的发生，在本实施例中，在蜂窝用户与帮助节点建立了通信链路连接的情况下，当利用帮助节点不能够提高网络吞吐量时，断开帮助节点与基站之间的通信链路连接并释放资源。可选地，当利用帮助节点不能够提高网络吞吐量， 基站接收到所述帮助节点发送的切换请求Handover信息时，基站断开帮助节点与基站之间的通信链路连接并释放资源。或者，当在预置时间内基站未接收到帮助节点发送的数据包时，基站断开帮助节点与基站之间的通信链路连接并释放资源。
对于蜂窝用户而言，在蜂窝用户与帮助节点建立了通信链路连接的情况下，蜂窝用户根据预先设置的时间周期T，每隔所述时间周期T则向帮助节点发送一次Measurement Report。而帮助节点每次接收到蜂窝用户发送的Measurement Report时，根据所述Measurement Report重新判断利用所述帮助节点是否能够提高网络吞吐量。若利用所述帮助节点依然能够提高网络吞吐量，则所述帮助节点与蜂窝用户继续通过已建立的通信链路连接向基站发送数据。若利用所述帮助节点不能够提高网络吞吐量，则所述帮助节点向基站发送切换(Handover)请求信息，然后向蜂窝用户发送Handover Command(切换命令)信息。当蜂窝用户接收到所述Handover Command信息时，断开与所述帮助节点的通信链路连接。
可选地，若蜂窝用户与各个帮助节点之间的链路状态均变差，利用各个帮助节点均不再能够提高网络的吞吐量时，则基站授权所述蜂窝用户向其他帮助节点发送连接请求，建立新的通信链路连接。可选地，基站授权蜂窝用户向其他帮助节点发送连接请求的步骤如上述实施例中步骤S20所述，在此就不再赘述。
本实施例提供的数据传输方法，在帮助节点与蜂窝用户建立通信链路连接后，当接收到所述帮助节点发送的切换请求时，断开与所述帮助节点的通信链路连接，以建立与其他帮助节点的新通信链路连接，因此，进一步保证了蜂窝用户的通信质量。
本发明实施例提供一种数据传输装置，参照图4，图4为本发明实施例数据传输装置第一实施例的功能模块示意图。
在本实施例中，该数据传输装置包括：
判断模块11，用于当接收到蜂窝用户发送的数据传输请求时，判断所述蜂窝用户是否满足利用帮助节点进行数据传输的条件；
在D2D通信中，D2D终端之间复用小区内频谱资源，通过直接链路进行通信，因此能够提高无线蜂窝系统的性能，但由于其是复用小区内频谱资源进行通信，会对蜂窝用户的通信造成干扰，降低蜂窝用户的通信质量。本发明实施例的数据传输装置通过利用帮助节点进行数据传输，克服了D2D通信对蜂窝用户通信造成的干扰，提高了蜂窝用户的通信质量。在本实施例中，当蜂窝用户需要向基站传输数据时，蜂窝用户首先向基站发送数据传输请求，例如，在本实施例中，蜂窝用户向所述基站发送RRCConnectionRequest，该RRCConnectionRequest中包括EstablishmentCause信息，在本实施例中，所述EstablishmentCause信息设置为NC-data Transmission，也即蜂窝用户与基站之间数据传输的类型设置为网络编码方式的数据传输类型。
基站在接收到蜂窝用户发送的RRCConnectionRequest时，获取到蜂窝用户的测量报告信息Measurement Report，所述Measurement Report包括蜂窝用户与基站之间的链路状态信息。 判断模块11根据所述Measurement Report判断蜂窝用户是否满足利用帮助节点进行数据传输的条件。
控制模块12，用于若所述蜂窝用户满足利用帮助节点进行数据传输的条件，则授权所述蜂窝用户向帮助节点发送包含蜂窝用户的测量报告信息的连接请求；
当判断模块11判断所述蜂窝用户满足利用帮助节点进行数据传输的条件时，则控制模块12授权所述蜂窝用户向帮助节点发送连接请求。可选地，控制模块12发送RRCConnectionSetup Complete至所述蜂窝用户，授权所述蜂窝用户寻找帮助节点。本实施例中，所述帮助节点优选为蜂窝网络系统中的中继节点relay。当蜂窝用户接收到所述RRCConnectionSetup Complete时，蜂窝用户向其通信范围内的多个帮助节点发送Attach Request(连接请求)以及蜂窝用户的Measurement Report。
当判断模块11判断所述蜂窝用户不满足利用帮助节点进行数据传输的条件时，则控制模块12发送RRCConnectionReject至所述蜂窝用户。当蜂窝用户接收到控制模块12发送的RRCConnectionReject时，则发送普通RRCConnectionRequest至基站，基站与蜂窝用户不利用帮助节点建立通信链路连接，与蜂窝用户建立常规的通信链路连接。
接收到蜂窝用户发送的Attach Request以及蜂窝用户的Measurement Report的每个帮助节点，获取到蜂窝用户的Measurement Report中的蜂窝用户与基站之间的链路状态信息。同时，每个帮助节点已知所述蜂窝用户与该帮助节点之间的链路状态信息，以及所述基站与该帮助节点之间的链路状态信息。每个帮助节点根据获知的各个链路状态信息计算利用帮助节点进行数据传输的网络吞吐量。然后比较利用帮助节点进行数据传输的网络吞吐量与不利用帮助节点进行数据传输的网络吞吐量的大小，判断利用所述帮助节点是否能够提高网络吞吐量。当利用帮助节点能够提高网络吞吐量时，帮助节点发送Initial UE Message至基站，请求基站认证授权该帮助节点与蜂窝用户建立通信链路连接。其中，所述Initial UE Message包括蜂窝用户的身份认证信息以及蜂窝用户与该帮助节点之间的链路状态信息。当利用帮助节点不能提高网络吞吐量时，帮助节点发送reject信息至所述蜂窝用户。
处理模块13，用于当接收到帮助节点反馈的初始用户信息时，授权所述帮助节点与所述蜂窝用户建立通信链路连接。
当利用帮助节点能够提高网络吞吐量，接收到帮助节点反馈的Initial UE Message时，处理模块13则授权所述帮助节点与蜂窝用户建立通信链路连接。可选地，处理模块13发送Context Setup Request至所述帮助节点，授权所述帮助节点与蜂窝用户建立通信链路连接。可选地，处理模块13在发送Context Setup Request至所述帮助节点，授权所述帮助节点与蜂窝用户建立通信链路连接之前，处理模块13根据接收到的所述Initial UE Message，计算所述帮助节点的激活门限。然后根据计算的所述帮助节点的激活门限获知所述帮助节点的激活时隙，将对应的资源分配给所述帮助节点使其在激活时隙上开始发送数据，激活所述帮助节点。例如，若计算出帮助节点的激活门限为r，发送数据的时隙是连续的，则处理模块13将第1到第r个时隙分配给蜂窝用户，也即在第1到第r个时隙之间只有蜂窝用户发送数据至基站。从 第r+1时隙开始，处理模块13将第r+1时隙分配给帮助节点，也即帮助节点在第r+1时隙开始发送数据至基站，实现帮助节点激活。在之后发送数据的时隙中，帮助节点与蜂窝用户轮流向基站发送数据。可选地，所述帮助节点与所述蜂窝用户采用网络编码方式发送数据至基站。
可选地，蜂窝用户发送的数据包中有一类数据包是被帮助节点接收到而未被基站接收到，定义此类型数据包为新型包。当帮助节点只要接收到一个新型包就会激活，向基站发送该新型包。
另外，当利用各个帮助节点均不能提高网络吞吐量，基站未接收到帮助节点发送的Initial UE Message时，则处理模块13发送RRCConnectionReject至所述蜂窝用户。可选地，预先设置一预置的时间阈值，当在所述预置的时间阈值内基站未接收到帮助节点发送的Initial UE Message时，则处理模块13发送RRCConnectionReject至所述蜂窝用户。当蜂窝用户接收到基站发送的RRCConnectionReject时，蜂窝用户发送普通RRCConnectionRequest至基站，基站与蜂窝用户不利用帮助节点建立通信链路连接，与蜂窝用户建立常规的通信链路连接。
当帮助节点采用网络编码方式向基站发送数据时，所述帮助节点先接收蜂窝用户发送的数据包，将接收到的所述数据包进行缓存，当所述数据包的数量达到所述帮助节点的激活门限r时，所述帮助节点将缓存的所述数据包进行网络编码，然后将编码后的数据包发送至基站。帮助节点对数据包进行网络编码是在数据链路层进行线性网络编码，具有足够大的网络编码域，可以保证所有进行网络编码的数据包线性无关，基站只需要接收到足够多数量的数据包，不需要关心数据包的内容。可选地，当帮助节点在对接收到的数据包进行网络编码时，将网络编码方式写入数据链路层包的数据部分，分配一定的比特数用以表示编码方式。在数据链路层的MAC包的头部，包含了封装在该MAC包内的数据包的信息，每个MAC子头(sub-header)与每个数据包对应。对于每个MAC子头，其结构如上表1所示，MAC子头中位置标识LCID码由5个比特组成，其中一部分组合为保留比特，预置某一比特组合指示所述MAC子头对应的数据包为网络编码数据包。例如，预置01100比特组合指示所述MAC子头对应的数据包为网络编码数据包。
当网络编码数据包中包含的比特数很多或者源节点数很少时，网络编码数据包的头部开销相对很小。因此，为了减少网络编码数据包的头部开销，将要传输的数据分成多个数据组，限制每个数据组内的数据包个数。网络编码数据包的头部包含网络编码方式及数据组编号。若在数据传输过程中，蜂窝用户将全部数据分为n个数据组进行传输，每个数据组中包含g个数据包。例如用4个比特表示数据组编号，用6个比特表示每个数据包，g＝50，每个数据包的大小为50kbit，则计算出网络编码数据包的头部开销为：(50*6+4)/50000＝0.006。
基站在接收到数据包时，处理模块13首先识别该数据包是否为网络编码数据包。可选地，处理模块13检测所述数据包对应的MAC子头中位置标识LCID码是否存在指示所述数据包为网络编码数据包的预置比特组合，例如，检测是否存在预置的01100比特组合。若检测到该预置的01100比特组合，则识别该数据包为网络编码数据包；否则，识别该数据包为非网络编码数据包。处理模块13在识别到该数据包为网络编码数据包时，则按照网络编码方式对应的 网络解码方式对该网络编码数据包进行解包。例如，当蜂窝用户需要将数据包X和数据包Y发送至基站，而蜂窝用户与基站之间的链路状态较差，可能就会存在数据包X或数据包Y丢失的情况。而当利用帮助节点后，帮助节点接收到蜂窝用户发送的数据包X和数据包Y，并将数据包X和数据包Y进行网络编码，合并成一个数据包发送至基站。当基站接收到帮助节点发送的数据包后，处理模块13通过解码获得数据包X和数据包Y。因此，不管蜂窝用户在传输过程中丢失了哪个数据包，最终基站都能够获得蜂窝用户发送的所有数据包，从而提高了蜂窝用户的通过质量。当基站接收到足够数目的数据包时，处理模块13发送ACK(Acknowledgement)信息至蜂窝用户，数据传输过程完成。同时，处理模块13向蜂窝用户和帮助节点发送RRCConnectionRelease(无线资源控制连接释放)，断开通信链路连接并释放资源。
本实施例提供的数据传输装置，当接收到蜂窝用户发送的数据传输请求时，判断模块11判断所述蜂窝用户是否满足利用帮助节点进行数据传输的条件，若所述蜂窝用户满足利用帮助节点进行数据传输的条件，控制模块12授权所述蜂窝用户向帮助节点发送连接请求，当接收到帮助节点反馈的初始用户信息时，处理模块13授权所述帮助节点与所述蜂窝用户建立通信链路连接，蜂窝用户不仅可以通过常规的蜂窝用户与基站之间的通信链路进行数据传输，还可以通过利用帮助节点建立的通信链路进行数据传输，降低了同频D2D用户通信对蜂窝用户通信造成的干扰，提高了蜂窝用户的通信质量。
可选地，如图5所示，基于第一实施例提出本发明实施例数据传输装置第二实施例，在本实施例中，所述判断模块11包括：
获取单元111，用于当接收到蜂窝用户发送的数据传输请求时，获取蜂窝用户的测量报告信息；
本实施例中，基站在接收到蜂窝用户发送的RRCConnectionRequest时，其中包括RRCConnectionReconfigurationMessage消息，获取单元111通过RRCConnectionReconfigurationMessage消息获取蜂窝用户的Measurement Report。所述蜂窝用户的Measurement Report包括蜂窝用户与基站之间的链路状态信息。
计算单元112，用于根据获取的所述测量报告信息，计算所述蜂窝用户与基站之间的信噪比；
判断单元113，用于若所述信噪比低于预置的信噪比阈值，则判断所述蜂窝用户满足利用帮助节点进行数据传输的条件；若所述信噪比高于预置的信噪比阈值，则判断所述蜂窝用户不满足利用帮助节点进行数据传输的条件。
获取单元111获取到蜂窝用户的Measurement Report后，计算单元112根据所述Measurement Report信息中的蜂窝用户与基站之间的链路状态信息计算蜂窝用户与基站之间的链路信噪比。可选地，基站与蜂窝用户之间的链路状态信息中包括基站与蜂窝用户之间的距离dC，链路的衰减因子α，有用功率PC。以及结合同频D2D用户信息，包括D2D用户与 基站之间的距离dD和干扰功率PD，白噪声干扰σ2。计算单元112基站根据上述各个参数计算基站与蜂窝用户之间的链路信噪比的方法可参考方法实施例中所述，在此不再赘述。
本实施例中，预先设置蜂窝用户与基站之间的信噪比阈值，若计算单元112计算的蜂窝用户与基站之间的信噪比低于预置的信噪比阈值，则判断单元113判断所述蜂窝用户满足利用帮助节点进行数据传输的条件。若计算单元112计算的蜂窝用户与基站之间的信噪比高于预置的信噪比阈值，则判断单元113判断所述蜂窝用户不满足利用帮助节点进行数据传输的条件。
当判断单元113判断所述蜂窝用户满足利用帮助节点进行数据传输的条件，帮助节点接收到蜂窝用户发送的Attach Request以及蜂窝用户的Measurement Report时，帮助节点获取到蜂窝用户与基站之间的链路状态信息。同时，帮助节点已知所述蜂窝用户与该帮助节点之间的链路状态信息，以及所述基站与该帮助节点之间的链路状态信息。而网络中同频D2D用户的干扰信息对于帮助节点都是未知的，因此，帮助节点不考虑同频D2D用户的干扰信息，根据获知的各个链路状态信息计算利用帮助节点进行数据传输的网络吞吐量。
可选地，帮助节点根据各个链路状态信息首先计算出蜂窝用户与帮助节点之间的链路误包率e01，帮助节点与基站之间的链路误包率e02，以及蜂窝用户与基站之间的链路误包率e03。然后，根据下面公式计算出在不考虑同频D2D用户干扰下帮助节点的激活门限r0为：
r0＝[-g0(-1+e02+e03-e01e03)]/[(2-e03-e02)(e03-e01e03)-(1-e03)(-1+e02+e03-e01e03)]。
其中，g0为在数据传输过程中基站接收到的数据包个数。若在数据传输过程中，帮助节点激活后发送的数据包个数为k0，蜂窝用户与帮助节点每个时隙发送一个数据包，那么蜂窝用户与帮助节点传输这些数据包所用的总时隙为r0+2k0，则计算出利用帮助节点的网络吞吐量A＝g0/(r0+2k0)。
当不利用帮助节点时，计算的网络吞吐量A0＝1-e03。比较所述利用帮助节点进行数据传输的网络吞吐量A与不利用帮助节点进行数据传输的网络吞吐量A0的大小，也即比较g0/(r0+2k0)与(1-e03)的大小。若g0/(r0+2k0)大于(1-e03)时，则利用所述帮助节点能够提高网络吞吐量，若g0/(r0+2k0)小于或等于(1-e03)时，则利用所述帮助节点不能提高网络吞吐量。
当利用所述帮助节点能够提高网络吞吐量，基站接收到帮助节点发送的Initial UE Message时，处理模块13从Initial UE Message中获取蜂窝用户与帮助节点之间的链路状态信息。同时，基站已知蜂窝用户与基站之间的链路状态信息，帮助节点与基站之间的链路状态信息，以及网络中同频D2D用户信息，包括D2D用户与基站之间的距离dD和干扰功率PD，白噪声干扰σ2。处理模块13根据各个链路状态信息以及D2D用户信息，计算在同频D2D用户干扰下所述帮助节点的激活门限r的过程如方法实施例中所述，在此就不再赘述。处理模块13计算出在同频D2D用户干扰下帮助节点的激活门限r后，发送Context Setup Request至所述帮助节点，授权所述帮助节点与蜂窝用户建立通信链路连接，并根据计算的所述帮助节点的激活门限r获知所述帮助节点的激活时隙，将对应的资源分配给所述帮助节点使其在激活时隙上开始发送数据，激活所述帮助节点。
本实施例提供的数据传输装置，当接收到蜂窝用户发送的利用帮助节点进行数据传输请求时，获取单元111获取所述蜂窝用户的测量报告信息，计算单元112根据获取的所述测量报告信息，计算所述蜂窝用户与基站之间的信噪比，若所述信噪比低于预置的信噪比阈值，则判断单元113判断所述蜂窝用户满足利用帮助节点进行数据传输的条件，若所述信噪比高于预置的信噪比阈值，则判断单元113判断所述蜂窝用户不满足利用帮助节点进行数据传输的条件，在所述蜂窝用户满足利用帮助节点进行数据传输的条件时，通过利用帮助节点建立的通信链路进行数据传输，降低了同频D2D用户通信对蜂窝用户通信造成的干扰，提高了蜂窝用户的通信质量。
可选地，基于第一实施例和第二实施例提出本发明实施例数据传输装置第三实施例，在本实施例中，所述控制模块12，还用于：
当接收到所述帮助节点发送的切换请求时，断开与所述帮助节点的通信链路连接。
由于在数据传输过程中，蜂窝用户与帮助节点之间的链路状态可能会发生变化。例如，当蜂窝用户与帮助节点之间的距离变远后，蜂窝用户与帮助节点之间的链路状态变差，利用该帮助节点就可能不再能够提高网络的吞吐量，此时，若继续利用该帮助节点也不能够提高蜂窝用户的通信质量。因此，为了避免这种情况的发生，在本实施例中，在蜂窝用户与帮助节点建立了通信链路连接的情况下，当利用帮助节点不能够提高网络吞吐量时，控制模块12断开帮助节点与基站之间的通信链路连接，释放资源。可选地，当利用帮助节点不能够提高网络吞吐量，基站接收到所述帮助节点发送的切换请求Handover信息时，控制模块12断开帮助节点与基站之间的通信链路连接，释放资源。或者，当在预置时间内基站未接收到帮助节点发送的数据包时，控制模块12断开帮助节点与基站之间的通信链路连接并释放资源。
对于蜂窝用户而言，在蜂窝用户与帮助节点建立了通信链路连接的情况下，蜂窝用户根据预先设置的时间周期T，每隔所述时间周期T则向帮助节点发送一次Measurement Report。而帮助节点每次接收到蜂窝用户发送的Measurement Report时，根据所述Measurement Report重新判断利用所述帮助节点是否能够提高网络吞吐量。若利用所述帮助节点依然能够提高网络吞吐量，则所述帮助节点与蜂窝用户继续通过已建立的通信链路连接向基站发送数据。若利用所述帮助节点不能够提高网络吞吐量，则所述帮助节点向基站发送切换请求Handover信息，然后向蜂窝用户发送Handover Command信息。当蜂窝用户接收到所述Handover Command信息时，断开与所述帮助节点的通信链路连接。
可选地，若蜂窝用户与各个帮助节点之间的链路状态均变差，利用各个帮助节点均不再能够提高网络的吞吐量时，则控制模块12授权所述蜂窝用户向其他帮助节点发送连接请求，建立新的通信链路连接。
本实施例提供的数据传输装置，在帮助节点与蜂窝用户建立通信链路连接后，当接收到所述帮助节点发送的切换请求时，控制模块12断开与所述帮助节点的通信链路连接，以建立与其他帮助节点的新通信链路连接，因此，进一步保证了蜂窝用户的通信质量。
本发明实施例提供一种数据传输系统，参照图6，图6为本发明实施例数据传输系统的结构框架示意图。
在本实施例中，所述数据传输系统包括：基站10、蜂窝用户20以及帮助节点30。基站10包括上述实施例中所述的数据传输装置。可选地，该数据传输系统的工作过程如下所述：
当蜂窝用户20需要向基站10传输数据时，蜂窝用户20首先向基站10发送数据传输请求，可选地，在本实施例中，蜂窝用户20向基站10发送RRCConnectionRequest，该RRCConnectionRequest中包括EstablishmentCause信息，在本实施例中，所述EstablishmentCause信息设置为NC-data Transmission，也即蜂窝用户20与基站10之间数据传输的类型设置为网络编码方式的数据传输类型。
基站10在接收到蜂窝用户20发送的RRCConnectionRequest时，获取到蜂窝用户20的Measurement Report，所述Measurement Report包括蜂窝用户20与基站10之间的链路状态信息。数据传输装置的判断模块11根据所述Measurement Report判断蜂窝用户20是否满足利用帮助节点进行数据传输的条件。
当判断模块11判断蜂窝用户20满足利用帮助节点进行数据传输的条件时，则控制模块12授权蜂窝用户20向帮助节点发送连接请求。可选地，控制模块12发送RRCConnectionSetup Complete至蜂窝用户20，授权蜂窝用户20寻找帮助节点30。本实施例中，所述帮助节点30优选为蜂窝网络系统中的中继节点relay。
当判断模块11判断蜂窝用户20不满足利用帮助节点进行数据传输的条件时，则控制模块12发送RRCConnectionReject至蜂窝用户20。当蜂窝用户20接收到控制模块12发送的RRCConnectionReject时，则发送普通RRCConnectionRequest至基站10，基站10与蜂窝用户20不利用帮助节点建立通信链路连接，与蜂窝用户20建立常规的通信链路连接。
当蜂窝用户20接收到所述RRCConnectionSetup Complete时，蜂窝用户20向其通信范围内的多个帮助节点30发送连接请求Attach Request以及蜂窝用户20的Measurement Report。
接收到蜂窝用户20发送的连接请求Attach Request以及蜂窝用户20的Measurement Report的每个帮助节点30，获取到蜂窝用户20的Measurement Report中的蜂窝用户20与基站10之间的链路状态信息。同时，每个帮助节点30已知蜂窝用户20与帮助节点30之间的链路状态信息，以及基站10与帮助节点30之间的链路状态信息。由于网络中同频D2D用户的干扰信息对于每个帮助节点都是未知的，因此，每个帮助节点30不考虑同频D2D用户的干扰信息，根据获知的各个链路状态信息计算利用帮助节点进行数据传输的网络吞吐量。
可选地，每个帮助节点30根据各个链路状态信息首先计算出蜂窝用户20与帮助节点30之间的链路误包率e01，帮助节点30与基站10之间的链路误包率e02，以及蜂窝用户20与基站10之间的链路误包率e03。然后，根据下面公式计算出在不考虑同频D2D用户干扰下帮助节点的激活门限r0为：
r0＝[-g0(-1+e02+e03-e01e03)]/[(2-e03-e02)(e03-e01e03)-(1-e03)(-1+e02+e03-e01e03)]。
其中，g0为在数据传输过程中基站接收到的数据包个数。若在数据传输过程中，帮助节点30激活后发送的数据包个数为k0，蜂窝用户20与帮助节点30每个时隙发送一个数据包，那么蜂窝用户20与帮助节点30传输这些数据包所用的总时隙为r0+2k0，则计算出利用帮助节点的网络吞吐量A＝g0/(r0+2k0)。
当不利用帮助节点时，计算的网络吞吐量A0＝1-e03。比较利用帮助节点进行数据传输的网络吞吐量A与不利用帮助节点进行数据传输的网络吞吐量A0的大小，也即比较g0/(r0+2k0)与(1-e03)的大小。若g0/(r0+2k0)大于(1-e03)时，则利用所述帮助节点能够提高网络吞吐量，若g0/(r0+2k0)小于或等于(1-e03)时，则利用所述帮助节点不能提高网络吞吐量。
当利用帮助节点能够提高网络吞吐量时，帮助节点30发送Initial UE Message至基站10，请求基站10认证授权该帮助节点30与蜂窝用户20建立通信链路连接。其中，所述Initial UE Message包括蜂窝用户20的身份认证信息以及蜂窝用户20与该帮助节点30之间的链路状态信息。当利用帮助节点不能提高网络吞吐量时，帮助节点30发送reject信息至蜂窝用户20。
当利用帮助节点能够提高网络吞吐量时，处理模块13则授权帮助节点30与蜂窝用户20建立通信链路连接。可选地，处理模块13发送Context Setup Request至帮助节点30，授权所述帮助节点30与蜂窝用户20建立通信链路连接。可选地，当利用帮助节点30能够提高网络吞吐量，基站10接收到帮助节点30发送的Initial UE Message时，处理模块13从Initial UE Message中获取蜂窝用户20与帮助节点10之间的链路状态信息。同时，基站10已知蜂窝用户20与基站10之间的链路状态信息，帮助节点30与基站10之间的链路状态信息，以及网络中同频D2D用户信息，包括D2D用户与基站之间的距离dD和干扰功率PD，白噪声干扰σ2。处理模块13根据各个链路状态信息以及D2D用户信息，计算在同频D2D用户干扰下帮助节点30的激活门限r的过程如方法实施例中所述，在此就不再赘述。
处理模块13计算出在同频D2D用户干扰下帮助节点的激活门限r后，发送Context Setup Request至帮助节点30，授权帮助节点30与蜂窝用户20建立通信链路连接，并根据计算的帮助节点30的激活门限r获知所述帮助节点30的激活时隙，将对应的资源分配给所述帮助节点30使其在激活时隙上开始发送数据，激活所述帮助节点30。例如，若发送数据的时隙是连续的，处理模块13将第1到第r个时隙分配给蜂窝用户20，也即在第1到第r个时隙之间只有蜂窝用户20采用网络编码方式发送数据至基站10。从第r+1时隙开始，处理模块13将第r+1时隙分配给帮助节点30，也即帮助节点30在第r+1时隙开始采用网络编码方式发送数据至基站10。在之后发送数据的时隙中，帮助节点30与蜂窝用户20轮流向基站10发送数据。
可选地，蜂窝用户10发送的数据包中有一类数据包是被帮助节点30接收到而未被基站10接收到，定义此类型数据包为新型包。当帮助节点30只要接收到一个新型包就会激活，向基站10发送该新型包。
另外，当利用各个帮助节点30均不能提高网络吞吐量，基站10未接收到帮助节点30发送的Initial UE Message时，则处理模块13发送RRCConnectionReject至蜂窝用户20。可选地， 预先设置一预置的时间阈值，当在所述预置的时间阈值内基站10未接收到帮助节点30发送的Initial UE Message时，则处理模块13发送RRCConnectionReject至蜂窝用户20。当蜂窝用户20接收到基站10发送的RRCConnectionReject时，蜂窝用户20发送普通RRCConnectionRequest至基站10，基站10与蜂窝用户20不利用帮助节点建立通信链路连接，与蜂窝用户20建立常规的通信链路连接。
当帮助节点30采用网络编码方式向基站10发送数据时，帮助节点30先接收蜂窝用户20发送的数据包，将接收到的所述数据包进行缓存，当所述数据包的数量达到帮助节点30的激活门限r时，帮助节点30将缓存的所述数据包进行网络编码，然后将编码后的数据包发送至基站10。
基站10在接收到数据包时，处理模块13首先识别该数据包是否为网络编码数据包。可选地，处理模块13检测所述数据包对应的MAC子头中位置标识LCID码是否存在指示所述数据包为网络编码数据包的预置比特组合。若检测到该预置的01100比特组合，则识别该数据包为网络编码数据包；否则，识别该数据包为非网络编码数据包。处理模块13在识别到该数据包为网络编码数据包时，则按照网络编码方式对应的网络解码方式对该网络编码数据包进行解包。例如，当蜂窝用户20需要将数据包X和数据包Y发送至基站10，而蜂窝用户20与基站10之间的链路状态较差，可能就会存在数据包X或数据包Y丢失的情况。而当利用帮助节点30后，帮助节点30接收到蜂窝用户20发送的数据包X和数据包Y，并将数据包X和数据包Y进行网络编码，合并成一个数据包发送至基站10。当基站10接收到帮助节点30发送的数据包后，通过解码获得数据包X和数据包Y。因此，不管蜂窝用户20在传输过程中丢失了哪个数据包，最终基站10都能够获得蜂窝用户20发送的所有数据包，从而提高了蜂窝用户20的通过质量。当基站10接收到足够数目的数据包时，处理模块13发送ACK(Acknowledgement)信息至蜂窝用户20，数据传输过程完成。同时，处理模块13向蜂窝用户20和帮助节点30发送RRCConnectionRelease，断开通信链路连接并释放资源。
本实施例提供的数据传输系统，包括基站10、蜂窝用户20以及帮助节点30，基站10包括本发明实施例所述的数据传输装置。当接收到蜂窝用户20发送的数据传输请求时，数据传输装置的判断模块11判断蜂窝用户20是否满足利用帮助节点进行数据传输的条件，若蜂窝用户20满足利用帮助节点进行数据传输的条件，数据传输装置的控制模块12授权蜂窝用户20向帮助节点30发送连接请求，当接收到所述帮助节点30发送的切换请求时，数据传输装置的处理模块13授权帮助节点30与蜂窝用户20建立通信链路连接，因此，蜂窝用户10不仅可以通过常规的蜂窝用户20与基站10之间的通信链路进行数据传输，还可以通过利用帮助节点30建立的通信链路进行数据传输，降低了同频D2D用户通信对蜂窝用户20通信造成的干扰，提高了蜂窝用户20的通信质量。
工业实用性：本发明通过上述实施例或者实施方式，在蜂窝用户满足利用帮助节点进行数据传输的条件，并且利用帮助节点能够提高网络吞吐量，当接收到帮助节点反馈的初始用户信息时，授权所述帮助节点与所述蜂窝用户建立通信链路连接，蜂窝用户不仅可以通过常规的蜂窝用户与基站之间的通信链路进行数据传输，还可以通过利用帮助节点建立的通信链 路进行数据传输，降低了同频D2D用户通信对蜂窝用户通信造成的干扰，提高了蜂窝用户的通信质量。
以上仅为本发明的优选实施例，并非因此限制本发明的专利范围，凡是利用本发明说明书及附图内容所作的等效结构或等效流程变换，或直接或间接运用在其他相关的技术领域，均同理包括在本发明的专利保护范围内。

Claims (12)

  1. 一种数据传输方法，所述数据传输方法包括以下步骤：
    当接收到蜂窝用户发送的数据传输请求时，判断所述蜂窝用户是否满足利用帮助节点进行数据传输的条件；
    若是，则授权所述蜂窝用户向帮助节点发送包含蜂窝用户的测量报告信息的连接请求；
    当接收到帮助节点反馈的初始用户信息时，授权所述帮助节点与所述蜂窝用户建立通信链路连接。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的数据传输方法，其中，所述当接收到帮助节点反馈的初始用户信息时，授权所述帮助节点与所述蜂窝用户建立通信链路连接的步骤之后，还包括：
    接收所述帮助节点与所述蜂窝用户采用网络编码方式发送的数据，并进行解码。
  3. 如权利要求1所述的数据传输方法，其中，所述当接收到蜂窝用户发送的数据传输请求时，判断所述蜂窝用户是否满足利用帮助节点进行数据传输的条件的步骤包括：
    当接收到蜂窝用户发送的数据传输请求时，获取所述蜂窝用户的测量报告信息；
    根据获取的所述测量报告信息，计算所述蜂窝用户与基站之间的信噪比；
    若所述信噪比低于预置的信噪比阈值，则判断所述蜂窝用户满足利用帮助节点进行数据传输的条件；
    若所述信噪比高于预置的信噪比阈值，则判断所述蜂窝用户不满足利用帮助节点进行数据传输的条件。
  4. 如权利要求1所述的数据传输方法，其中，所述当接收到帮助节点反馈的初始用户信息时，授权所述帮助节点与所述蜂窝用户建立通信链路连接的步骤之前，还包括：
    帮助节点根据接收到的蜂窝用户的测量报告信息，计算利用帮助节点进行数据传输的网络吞吐量；
    判断所述网络吞吐量是否大于未利用帮助节点进行数据传输的网络吞吐量；
    若是，则发送初始用户信息至基站；
    若否，则发送拒绝信息至蜂窝用户。
  5. 如权利要求1所述的数据传输方法，其中，所述授权所述帮助节点与所述蜂窝用户建立通信链路连接的步骤之前，还包括：
    根据接收到的所述初始用户信息，计算所述帮助节点的激活门限。
  6. 如权利要求1-5中任一项所述的数据传输方法，其中，所述当接收到帮助节点反馈的初始 用户信息时，授权所述帮助节点与所述蜂窝用户建立通信链路连接的步骤之后，还包括：
    当接收到所述帮助节点发送的切换请求时，断开与所述帮助节点的通信链路连接。
  7. 一种数据传输装置，所述数据传输装置包括：
    判断模块，用于当接收到蜂窝用户发送的数据传输请求时，判断所述蜂窝用户是否满足利用帮助节点进行数据传输的条件；
    控制模块，用于若所述蜂窝用户满足利用帮助节点进行数据传输的条件，则授权所述蜂窝用户向帮助节点发送包含蜂窝用户的测量报告信息的连接请求；
    处理模块，用于当接收到帮助节点反馈的初始用户信息时，授权所述帮助节点与所述蜂窝用户建立通信链路连接。
  8. 如权利要求7所述的数据传输装置，其中，所述处理模块还用于：
    接收所述帮助节点与所述蜂窝用户采用网络编码方式发送的数据，并进行解码。
  9. 如权利要求7所述的数据传输装置，其中，所述判断模块包括：
    获取单元，用于当接收到蜂窝用户发送的数据传输请求时，获取所述蜂窝用户的测量报告信息；
    计算单元，用于根据获取的所述测量报告信息，计算所述蜂窝用户与基站之间的信噪比；
    判断单元，用于若所述信噪比低于预置的信噪比阈值，则判断所述蜂窝用户满足利用帮助节点进行数据传输的条件；若所述信噪比高于预置的信噪比阈值，则判断所述蜂窝用户不满足利用帮助节点进行数据传输的条件。
  10. 如权利要求7所述的数据传输装置，其中，所述处理模块还用于：
    根据接收到的所述初始用户信息，计算所述帮助节点的激活门限。
  11. 如权利要求7-10中任一项所述的数据传输装置，其中，所述控制模块还用于：
    当接收到所述帮助节点发送的切换请求时，断开与所述帮助节点的通信链路连接。
  12. 一种数据传输系统，所述数据传输系统包括基站、蜂窝用户以及帮助节点；所述基站包括如权利要求7-11中任一项所述的数据传输装置。
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KR20120074255A (ko) * 2010-12-27 2012-07-05 한국전자통신연구원 단말간 직접 통신 및 단말 릴레잉 방법
CN102780993A (zh) * 2012-08-20 2012-11-14 哈尔滨工业大学 Td_lte_a系统中终端d2d协作中继通信实现方法
US20140329535A1 (en) * 2013-05-02 2014-11-06 Qualcomm Incorporated Method and apparatus for device to device relay selection

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
KR20120074255A (ko) * 2010-12-27 2012-07-05 한국전자통신연구원 단말간 직접 통신 및 단말 릴레잉 방법
CN102780993A (zh) * 2012-08-20 2012-11-14 哈尔滨工业大学 Td_lte_a系统中终端d2d协作中继通信实现方法
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