WO2016206087A1 - 一种低照度图像处理方法和装置 - Google Patents
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- the present application relates to the field of digital image processing, and in particular, to a low illumination image processing method and apparatus.
- low-light such as night, backlight, indoor, etc.
- the image captured in the above case is called a low-illuminance image
- the low-illuminance image has various noises, which are more prominent after image enhancement, thereby reducing the recognizability of the object of interest in the image, and strongly reducing the subjective feeling of the person.
- the present application provides a low illumination image processing method and apparatus, which solves problems such as noise amplification and detail loss after low illumination image processing.
- the present application provides a low illumination image processing method, including:
- the enhanced image is subjected to inverse color processing to obtain an output image.
- the present application provides a low illumination image processing apparatus, including:
- An image segmentation module configured to divide the low illumination image into different texture regions
- a first calculating module configured to calculate a standard deviation and a gradient sum of pixel gray levels in each texture region, and use the ratio of the standard deviation and the gradient sum as a texture and noise level parameter of the image;
- a first color inversion module configured to perform inverse color processing on the low illumination image to obtain an inverse color image
- a smoothing filter module configured to determine a first filter coefficient and a second filter coefficient according to an average value of standard deviations of pixel gray levels in each texture region, and smooth the inverse color image by using the first filter coefficient and the second filter coefficient respectively Processing, respectively obtaining a first smooth image and a second smooth image;
- a weighting module configured to perform weighted averaging on the first smooth image and the second smooth image according to the texture and noise level parameter to obtain a weighted image
- a second calculation module configured to calculate a dark channel map of the weighted image, and obtain an ambient light intensity according to the dark channel map; and obtain a contrast enhancement coefficient according to the dark channel map and the ambient light intensity;
- a third calculating module configured to calculate a gradient image of the inverse color image, and perform texture structure extraction on the gradient image to obtain a texture image
- a sharpening module configured to add the weighted image to the texture image to obtain a sharpened image
- a contrast enhancement module configured to perform contrast enhancement on the sharpened image according to the ambient light intensity and a contrast enhancement coefficient to obtain an enhanced image
- the second color-changing module is configured to perform inverse color processing on the enhanced image to obtain an output image.
- the input low illumination image is first divided into different texture regions to obtain texture and noise level parameters of the image.
- the first filter coefficient is determined according to an average value of standard deviations of pixel gradations in each texture region
- the second filter coefficient respectively, using the first filter coefficient and the second filter coefficient to smooth the inverse image of the low illumination image to obtain the first smooth image and the second smooth image; according to the texture and noise level parameters, the first The smoothed image and the second smoothed image are weighted and averaged to obtain a weighted image; the ambient light intensity is obtained according to the dark channel map of the weighted image, thereby obtaining a contrast enhancement coefficient.
- the texture image of the gradient image of the inverted image is extracted to obtain a texture image.
- the weighted image is added to the texture image to obtain a sharpened image; and the sharpened image is contrast-enhanced according to the contrast enhancement coefficient to obtain an enhanced image.
- the enhanced image is inversely processed to obtain an output image. Therefore, the low illumination image processing method and apparatus provided by the present application can effectively enhance the contrast of the low illumination image, filter out various noises, and preserve the color and details of the image to obtain a clear and realistic restored image.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a low illumination image processing apparatus according to an embodiment of the present application.
- FIG. 2 is a schematic flow chart of a low illumination image processing method according to an embodiment of the present application.
- FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of comparison of the same input image after processing the low illumination image processing method provided by the prior art and the present embodiment, respectively.
- the low illumination image processing method and device provided by the embodiments of the present application can be applied to a video monitoring system, an image processing software, etc., and can effectively perform defogging processing and low illumination enhancement processing, and can filter out color noise in image noise reduction. And brightness noise, and also to the greatest extent possible to preserve the color and detail of the image.
- the embodiment provides a low illumination image processing method and apparatus.
- the low illumination image processing apparatus includes an input module 101, an image segmentation module 102, a first calculation module 103, a first inverse color module 104, a smoothing filter module 105, a weighting module 106, a second calculation module 107, a third calculation module 108, and a sharp
- the module 109, the contrast enhancement module 110 and the second inverse module 111 includes an input module 101, an image segmentation module 102, a first calculation module 103, a first inverse color module 104, a smoothing filter module 105, a weighting module 106, a second calculation module 107, a third calculation module 108, and a sharp
- the module 109, the contrast enhancement module 110 and the second inverse module 111 includes an input module 101, an image segmentation module 102, a first calculation module 103, a first inverse color module 104, a smoothing filter module 105, a weighting module 106, a second calculation module
- the low illumination image processing method includes the following steps:
- Step 1.1 The input module 101 inputs a low illumination image I.
- Step 1.2 The image segmentation module 102 divides the low illumination image I into different texture regions.
- the image segmentation module 102 divides the low illumination image I into different texture regions by using superpixel segmentation.
- Step 1.4 The first inverse color module 104 performs inverse color processing on each color channel of the low illumination image I to obtain an inverted color image R.
- the illuminance image I is subjected to inverse color processing.
- the low-illuminance image I is first inverted, and then the subsequent processing is performed, and the low-luminance pixels in the image can be converted into high-brightness pixels, thereby facilitating contrast enhancement processing in the low-illumination region.
- Step 1.5 The third calculation module 108 convolves with the three color channels of R by using the differential operator to obtain a gradient image R d of R.
- Step 1.6 a third calculating module 108 selects the appropriate size of the filter coefficient, R d texture structure extraction, to obtain the primary texture image R ds R d is without noise.
- the filter coefficient can select an empirical value.
- Step 1.7 The smoothing filter module 105 performs smoothing on the inverse color image by using the first filter coefficient and the second filter coefficient, respectively.
- the inverse color image is smoothed by using a three-dimensional block matching (BM3D) filter.
- BM3D three-dimensional block matching
- the first filter coefficient is greater than an average value of the standard deviation ⁇ of the pixel point gradations in each texture region
- the second filter coefficient is smaller than an average value of the standard deviation ⁇ of the pixel point gradations in each texture region.
- Step 1.8 In this embodiment, the smoothing filter module 105 uses twice the average value of ⁇ as the first filter coefficient to obtain a smooth first smooth image.
- Step 1.9 The smoothing filter module 105 uses 1/2 of the average value of ⁇ as the second filter coefficient to obtain a second smooth image with a more prominent texture.
- the first filter coefficient and the second filter coefficient may be selected according to actual needs, and the smoothing filter module 105 may also select other filters to smooth the inverse color image.
- Step 1.10 The weighting module 106 performs weighted averaging on the first smoothed image and the second smoothed image obtained by filtering and denoising according to the texture and noise level parameter ⁇ to obtain a weighted image.
- the weighted image R s is obtained by the following formula:
- Step 1.7-Step 1.10 is equivalent to adding a noise suppression filter to the front end of the contrast enhancement operation to solve the noise amplification problem existing in the original low illumination image contrast enhancement technology.
- Step 1.11 The sharpening module 109 adds the weighted image to the texture image to obtain a sharpened image.
- the sharpened image R sharp with the detail enhancement is obtained by the following formula:
- R sharp R s + ⁇ *R ds
- a better sharpening effect can be achieved by weighted summation while avoiding excessive edge enhancement.
- steps 1.6, 1.7, and 1.11 the noise in the gradient image is removed, the key structural information is retained, and the image is sharpened by the structural information to enhance the image detail.
- Step 1.12 The second calculation module 107 calculates a dark channel map R dark of the weighted image, and the dark channel map refers to a gray scale formed by the color channel having the smallest gray value among the three color channels at each pixel point in the image. image.
- the dark channel map is calculated using the following formula:
- ⁇ (x) is the neighborhood centered on the pixel point x
- c represents the different color channels.
- ⁇ (x) is a neighborhood having a size of 3*3 centered on the pixel point x.
- Step 1.13 The second calculation module 107 obtains the ambient light intensity A according to the dark channel map.
- each pixel in R dark is sorted according to the gray value from large to small, and the pixel points ranked in the first 0.2% are found, and the average value of the gray levels of the three color channels of the pixels in the weighted image is calculated.
- the pixel having the largest average value is used, and the pixel value of the pixel (the gray value of the three color channels) is used as an estimated value for the ambient light intensity A.
- Step 1.14 The second calculation module 107 obtains the contrast enhancement coefficient t according to the dark channel map and the ambient light intensity.
- the following formula is used:
- t(x) is the contrast enhancement coefficient
- ⁇ (x) is the neighborhood centered on pixel x
- c is the different color channel
- ⁇ is the weight correction factor
- R c ( y) is the luminance value of the yth pixel in the c channel
- A is the ambient light intensity.
- ⁇ (x) is a neighborhood having a size of 3*3 centered on the pixel point x.
- the coefficient ⁇ is adaptively adjusted according to the gray value of the three channels of RGB of the pixel (ie, the brightness of the pixel), and the adjustment method adopts the following formula:
- ⁇ (x) is the weight correction coefficient of the xth pixel point
- I c (x) is the gray value of the xth pixel point in the c channel.
- ⁇ may also take a fixed value, for example, 0.85.
- the correction formula is as follows:
- Step 1.15 The contrast enhancement module 110 performs contrast enhancement on the sharpened image according to the ambient light intensity and the contrast enhancement coefficient to obtain an enhanced image, that is, de-fogging the sharpened image to restore a clear enhanced image R clear , in this embodiment. , using the following recovery formula:
- Step 1.16 The second color inversion module 111 is configured to perform inverse color processing on each color channel of the enhanced image to obtain an output image J.
- FIG. 3(a) is an input low-illumination image
- FIG. 3(b) is an output image directly obtained by contrast enhancement using a conventional method
- FIG. 3(c) is a low-illuminance image provided by the embodiment.
- the output image obtained by the processing method It can be analyzed from FIG. 3 that the output image obtained by the low illumination image processing method provided by the embodiment has less noise and can preserve the color and detail of the image.
Abstract
Description
Claims (13)
- 一种低照度图像处理方法,其特征在于,包括:输入低照度图像;将所述低照度图像分割成不同的纹理区域,计算各个纹理区域内像素点灰度的标准差及梯度和,并将所述标准差与梯度和的比值作为图像的纹理和噪声水平参数;对所述低照度图像进行反色处理,得到反色图像;根据各个纹理区域内像素点灰度的标准差的平均值,确定第一滤波系数和第二滤波系数,分别采用第一滤波系数和第二滤波系数对反色图像进行平滑处理,分别得到第一平滑图像和第二平滑图像;根据所述纹理和噪声水平参数,对第一平滑图像和第二平滑图像进行加权平均,得到加权图像;计算得到所述加权图像的暗通道图,并根据所述暗通道图得到环境光照强度;根据所述暗通道图和环境光照强度得到对比度增强系数;计算得到所述反色图像的梯度图像,对所述梯度图像进行纹理结构提取,得到纹理图像;将所述加权图像与纹理图像相加,得到锐化图像;根据所述环境光照强度和对比度增强系数对所述锐化图像进行对比度增强,得到增强图像;对所述增强图像进行反色处理,得到输出图像。
- 如权利要求1所述的方法,其特征在于,采用超像素分割将所述低照度图像分割成不同的纹理区域。
- 如权利要求1所述的方法,其特征在于,分别采用第一滤波系数和第二滤波系数,利用三维块匹配滤波器对反色图像进行平滑处理,分别得到第一平滑图像和第二平滑图像;并且,所述第一滤波系数大于各个纹理区域内像素点灰度的标准差的平均值,所述第二滤波系数小于各个纹理区域内像素点灰度的标准差的平均值。
- 如权利要求1-3任一项所述的方法,其特征在于,还包括对所述对比度增强系数进行修正的步骤,具体为:对小于预设值的增强系数进行进一步缩小。
- 一种低照度图像处理装置,其特征在于,包括:输入模块,用于输入低照度图像;图像分割模块,用于将所述低照度图像分割成不同的纹理区域;第一计算模块,用于计算各个纹理区域内像素点灰度的标准差及梯度和,并将所述标准差与梯度和的比值作为图像的纹理和噪声水平参数;第一反色模块,用于对所述低照度图像进行反色处理,得到反色图 像;平滑滤波模块,用于根据各个纹理区域内像素点灰度的标准差的平均值,确定第一滤波系数和第二滤波系数,分别采用第一滤波系数和第二滤波系数对反色图像进行平滑处理,分别得到第一平滑图像和第二平滑图像;加权模块,用于根据所述纹理和噪声水平参数,对第一平滑图像和第二平滑图像进行加权平均,得到加权图像;第二计算模块,用于计算得到所述加权图像的暗通道图,并根据所述暗通道图得到环境光照强度;根据所述暗通道图和环境光照强度得到对比度增强系数;第三计算模块,用于计算得到所述反色图像的梯度图像,对所述梯度图像进行纹理结构提取,得到纹理图像;锐化模块,用于将所述加权图像与纹理图像相加,得到锐化图像;对比度增强模块,用于根据所述环境光照强度和对比度增强系数对所述锐化图像进行对比度增强,得到增强图像;第二反色模块,用于对所述增强图像进行反色处理,得到输出图像。
- 如权利要求5所述的装置,其特征在于,图像分割模块用于采用超像素分割将所述低照度图像分割成不同的纹理区域。
- 如权利要求5所述的装置,其特征在于,平滑滤波模块用于分别采用第一滤波系数和第二滤波系数,利用三维块匹配滤波器对反色图像进行平滑处理,分别得到第一平滑图像和第二平滑图像;并且,所述第一滤波系数大于各个纹理区域内像素点灰度的标准差的平均值,所述第二滤波系数小于各个纹理区域内像素点灰度的标准差的平均值。
- 如权利要求8所述的装置,其特征在于,锐化模块用于将所述加权图像与纹理图像相加,得到锐化图像时,采用下面公式:Rsharp=Rs+α*Rds其中,Rsharp为锐化图像,Rds为纹理图像。
- 如权利要求5-11任一项所述的装置,其特征在于,第二计算模块还用于对所述对比度增强系数进行修正,具体为:第二计算模块用于对小于预设值的增强系数进行进一步缩小。
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