WO2016202408A1 - Éolienne ou installation hydroélectrique - Google Patents

Éolienne ou installation hydroélectrique Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2016202408A1
WO2016202408A1 PCT/EP2015/063866 EP2015063866W WO2016202408A1 WO 2016202408 A1 WO2016202408 A1 WO 2016202408A1 EP 2015063866 W EP2015063866 W EP 2015063866W WO 2016202408 A1 WO2016202408 A1 WO 2016202408A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
wind
power plant
winding
rotor
stator
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP2015/063866
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Norbert Jeschke
Original Assignee
Roller, Hermann
ROLLER, Emil
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Roller, Hermann, ROLLER, Emil filed Critical Roller, Hermann
Priority to PCT/EP2015/063866 priority Critical patent/WO2016202408A1/fr
Publication of WO2016202408A1 publication Critical patent/WO2016202408A1/fr

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03B—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS
    • F03B17/00—Other machines or engines
    • F03B17/06—Other machines or engines using liquid flow with predominantly kinetic energy conversion, e.g. of swinging-flap type, "run-of-river", "ultra-low head"
    • F03B17/062—Other machines or engines using liquid flow with predominantly kinetic energy conversion, e.g. of swinging-flap type, "run-of-river", "ultra-low head" with rotation axis substantially at right angle to flow direction
    • F03B17/063—Other machines or engines using liquid flow with predominantly kinetic energy conversion, e.g. of swinging-flap type, "run-of-river", "ultra-low head" with rotation axis substantially at right angle to flow direction the flow engaging parts having no movement relative to the rotor during its rotation
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K1/00—Details of the magnetic circuit
    • H02K1/06—Details of the magnetic circuit characterised by the shape, form or construction
    • H02K1/22—Rotating parts of the magnetic circuit
    • H02K1/27—Rotor cores with permanent magnets
    • H02K1/2786—Outer rotors
    • H02K1/2787—Outer rotors the magnetisation axis of the magnets being perpendicular to the rotor axis
    • H02K1/2789—Outer rotors the magnetisation axis of the magnets being perpendicular to the rotor axis the rotor consisting of two or more circumferentially positioned magnets
    • H02K1/2791—Surface mounted magnets; Inset magnets
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03B—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS
    • F03B7/00—Water wheels
    • F03B7/003—Water wheels with buckets receiving the liquid
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03D—WIND MOTORS
    • F03D15/00—Transmission of mechanical power
    • F03D15/20—Gearless transmission, i.e. direct-drive
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03D—WIND MOTORS
    • F03D9/00—Adaptations of wind motors for special use; Combinations of wind motors with apparatus driven thereby; Wind motors specially adapted for installation in particular locations
    • F03D9/20—Wind motors characterised by the driven apparatus
    • F03D9/25—Wind motors characterised by the driven apparatus the apparatus being an electrical generator
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K7/00—Arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with dynamo-electric machines, e.g. structural association with mechanical driving motors or auxiliary dynamo-electric machines
    • H02K7/18—Structural association of electric generators with mechanical driving motors, e.g. with turbines
    • H02K7/1807—Rotary generators
    • H02K7/1823—Rotary generators structurally associated with turbines or similar engines
    • H02K7/183—Rotary generators structurally associated with turbines or similar engines wherein the turbine is a wind turbine
    • H02K7/1838—Generators mounted in a nacelle or similar structure of a horizontal axis wind turbine
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
    • F05B2220/00—Application
    • F05B2220/70—Application in combination with
    • F05B2220/706—Application in combination with an electrical generator
    • F05B2220/7066—Application in combination with an electrical generator via a direct connection, i.e. a gearless transmission
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
    • F05B2220/00—Application
    • F05B2220/70—Application in combination with
    • F05B2220/706—Application in combination with an electrical generator
    • F05B2220/7068—Application in combination with an electrical generator equipped with permanent magnets
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
    • F05B2240/00—Components
    • F05B2240/20—Rotors
    • F05B2240/33—Shrouds which are part of or which are rotating with the rotor
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/20—Hydro energy
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/70—Wind energy
    • Y02E10/72—Wind turbines with rotation axis in wind direction

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a wind or hydroelectric power plant according to the preamble of patent claim 1.
  • Wind turbines harvest the energy of the wind with their rotor or wind turbine, convert it into electrical energy and feed it into the power grid.
  • Hydropower plants use their water blades to harvest the kinetic energy of the water, convert electrical energy and feed it into the power grid.
  • Wind turbines and hydropower plants consist essentially of a the energy of the fluid (wind or water) harvesting wind or water wheel, which is connected to an axis which - translated to increase the speed regularly via a multi-stage gear - the rotor one end of the Axis arranged generator drives.
  • the wind turbine also called the rotor
  • the water wheel of a hydroelectric power plant under the term “energy harvesting”
  • the leaves (also called rotor blades) of a wind turbine and the blades of a water wheel under the term “harvest leaves” summarized.
  • An electric generator is an electric machine that converts kinetic energy or mechanical energy into electrical energy.
  • the electric generator is technically the counterpart to an electric motor, which conversely converts electrical energy into mechanical or mechanical energy.
  • Generators consist in principle of a fixed part, the stator and a rotating part, the rotor which is rotatably mounted in or around the stator.
  • the stator is regularly formed from a laminated core and provided for each phase with a winding strand whose windings are distributed in a plurality of grooves arranged in the laminated core, whereby an array of pole pieces is formed.
  • the rotor is opposite the windings with permanent magnets or direct current exciters (electromagnets). hen. If the rotor is rotated relative to the fixed stator, electrical voltage is induced by the Lorentz force due to the rotating direct magnetic field generated by the rotor with its permanent magnets or electromagnets in the stator windings of the stator.
  • the invention aims to remedy this situation.
  • the object of the invention is to provide a wind power plant or a hydropower plant which, with at least the same output power, has a simpler structure and requires only a small installation space. According to the invention, this object is solved by the features of the characterizing part of patent claim 1. With the invention, a wind power plant or a hydroelectric power plant is provided which - with at least the same output power - is simpler and requires only a small space.
  • the invention is based on the recognition that the known in the prior art wind and hydroelectric power plants are designed so that by the moving fluid - wind or water - via the Energyernterad on a shaft, a high torque is generated which over a multi-stage transmission is converted into high speeds, which are transmitted via a shaft to the rotor of a subsequent generator, whereby the output power of the generator is increased.
  • the largest possible diameter of the energy harvesting wheel is selected, which can be 150 meters and more in wind turbines. Water wheels can have a diameter of up to 20 meters and more.
  • the diameter of the shaft driven rotor of the downstream generator shows gene only a fraction of the diameter of the respective Energyernterades.
  • the basic idea of the present invention is to use the considerable diameter of the energy harvesting element itself and without the interposition of a transmission for generating energy.
  • High efficiency is achieved when the rotor has a radius greater than 75 percent of the energy harvest or, if the harvester leaves have a larger radius than the energy harvest, more than 75 percent of the diameter swept by the harvest wheels.
  • Such an arrangement may be, for example, undersized waterwheels in which the water blades protrude beyond the waterwheel.
  • the winding strands of the stator are each separated into a plurality of winding sub-strands whose windings are arranged on pole shoes, wherein each winding sub-string is connected to an output, which outputs are connected in series.
  • the coil formed by the winding strand is divided into a plurality of sub-windings having a short wire length, each of which has only a small ohmic resistance.
  • the outputs are preferably each connected to a rectifier, which rectifiers are connected in series.
  • the interposition of a rectifier at each sub-string galvanic isolation of the sub-strands is effected. Because the rectifiers are connected in series, the individual currents of the individual taps add up.
  • the series connected th rectifier can then be connected to one or more power inverters, where the resulting total voltage and the resulting total current applied.
  • three phases are arranged, whose winding strands are each separated into a plurality of winding sub-strands, wherein in each case a winding sub-string of each winding strand is connected to a rectifier, which rectifiers are connected in series.
  • the series-connected rectifiers can then be connected to one or more power inverters, to which the resulting total voltage and the resulting total current are applied.
  • the stator has at least one pole arc, which is provided with at least one Polteilbogen on which the pole shoes are attached, wherein the Polteilbogen are at least partially releasably connected to the Polbogen.
  • At least one pole sheet has at least two pole shoes, each arranged side by side on an axis orthogonal to the energy harvesting wheel, of a respective winding strand.
  • a pole arc with at least two concentrically positioned Polteilbogen is arranged, the hammer shanks of the pole pieces of Polteilbogen extend orthogonal to the Polbogen.
  • the voltage can be further increased.
  • the pole shoes are detachably connected to the Polteilringen.
  • the Polteilringe can be equipped with different pole pieces, for which the Polteilbogen preferably does not have to be removed from the Polbögen.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic representation of a wind turbine
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic representation of the wind turbine with generator of
  • FIG. 3 shows the schematic representation of the generator of the wind power plant from FIG. 1;
  • Figure 4 is a detail view of the generator of Figure 3 in cross section;
  • FIG. 5 shows a further detailed representation of the generator from FIG. 3 in FIG.
  • Figure 6 is a schematic representation of a hydropower plant
  • Figure 7 is a schematic representation of the water blade of a hydropower plant of another embodiment
  • Figure 8 is a schematic representation of an overshot waterwheel with generator
  • Figure 9 is a detail view of the generator of Figure 8 in cross section
  • Figure 10 is a schematic representation of the interconnection of individual winding sub-strands of the winding strands of a generator and
  • Figure 1 1 is a schematic representation of the arrangement of rotor and stator of the generator of a wind turbine in a further embodiment.
  • the wind turbine 1 chosen as an exemplary embodiment comprises a nacelle 1 1, which is rotatably mounted on a tower 12.
  • a shaft is rotatably mounted on the nacelle 1 1 and has at its end opposite the nacelle a hub 14, on which the rotor blades 15 are each offset by 120 degrees relative to one another.
  • the rotor blades 15 at the end comprising a rotor 2 attached thereto.
  • the rotor 2 consists essentially of a circular retaining ring 21 with a first leg 21 1, which is fixed to the rotor blades 15 and aligned in alignment with the hub 14, and a second leg 212, at right angles to the first leg 21 1 employed and directed in the direction of the nacelle 1 1.
  • permanent magnets 22 are arranged on a circular path at regular intervals to one another on the second leg 212.
  • the rotor blades 15 harvest the kinetic energy of the air flows and are thus set in rotation together with the rotor 2 relative to the stator 3.
  • stator 3 On the nacelle 1 1 is a three at an angle of 120 degrees to each other employed spokes 31, whose extended longitudinal central axes intersect in the center point of the shaft 13, a stator 3 is attached.
  • the stator 3 comprises an annular pole piece 32, which is attached to the spokes 31.
  • Pole arcs 33 are arranged on the pole bend 32 and are provided with pole shoes 34, the hammer shanks of which receive 341 winding sub-strands 35 of three winding strands each assigned to one phase.
  • the pole pieces 34 are arranged such that the free ends of their hammer shanks 341 are spaced by a defined gap to the permanent magnets 22 of the rotor (see Figure 5).
  • FIG. 11 shows an alternative arrangement.
  • a trained in the form of a partial arc arc pole 32 is attached to a arranged on the nacelle 1 1 stator 1 6, such that the pole sheet 32 outside parallel to the rotor blades 15 spanning, provided with permanent magnets 22 rotor 2 is arranged.
  • the winding sub-strings 35 of the winding phases of the three phases are each arranged offset from one another and connected to a rectifier 5.
  • the respective rectifier 5 connected to three winding sub-strings 35 are connected in series and connected to a grid inverter 6, via which a feed into a power grid 7 takes place.
  • the interconnection of the winding sub-strings 35 with the rectifiers 5 and the grid inverter 6 is shown schematically in FIG.
  • FIG 3 the arrangement of a Polteilbogens 33 is shown schematically. There are three times two pole pieces 34 are arranged, the hammer shanks 341 each take a winding sub-string 35 a phase.
  • a Polteilbogen gene 33 forms with the stator 3 a generator, so that several arranged Polteilbögen 33 are to be considered within the wind turbine 1 as a plurality of interconnected via rectifier 5 and power inverter 6 generators.
  • three Polteilbögen 33 are arranged one behind the other. As a result, three generators are formed on a small portion of the arc surrounded by the rotor.
  • each rectifier Upon rotation of the rotor, for example, a current of 5 amperes, as well as a voltage of 10 volts, is applied to each rectifier, which is in each case connected to three winding sub-strings 35 of the three phases.
  • a total voltage of 50 volts and a total current of 25 amperes thus result at the grid inverter 6.
  • the individual NEN winding sub-strands 35 have in the exemplary embodiment an ohmic resistance of 0.6 ohms with a wire diameter of 1 mm 2 .
  • the selected as a further embodiment of the hydropower plant 4 according to Figure 6 comprises a stator 42, in which a water wheel 44 is rotatably mounted on a shaft 43 having regularly spaced along its circumference mutually arranged water blades 45.
  • a rotor 2 is fastened along its outer circumference.
  • the rotor 2 consists essentially of a circular retaining ring 21 having a first leg 21 1, which is fixed to the water wheel 44 and aligned in alignment with the shaft 43, and a second leg 212, at right angles to the first leg 21st 1 employed orthogonal to the respective end face of the water wheel 44 is directed.
  • permanent magnets 22 are arranged on a circular path on the second leg 212 at regular intervals from each other.
  • a stator 3 is fixed on both sides of the water wheel 44 in each case over five at an angle of 45 degrees to each other employed spokes 41, whose extended longitudinal central axes intersect in the center point of the shaft 43.
  • the stator 3 in each case comprises a partial circular ring-shaped pole bend 32, which spans an angle of 180 degrees and which is fastened to the spokes 41.
  • Pole arcs 33 which are provided with pole shoes 34, whose hammer shanks 341 accommodate winding sub-strings 35 of three winding phases assigned to one phase in turn, are arranged on the pole bow 32.
  • the pole pieces 34 are also arranged such that the free ends of their hammer shanks 341 are spaced by a defined gap to the permanent magnets 22 of the rotor.
  • the winding sub-strands 35 of the winding strands of the three phases are in each case arranged offset to one another according to the first embodiment and connected to a rectifier 5.
  • Each with three winding Partial strands 35 connected rectifier 5 are connected in series and connected to a grid inverter 6, via which a feed into a power grid 7 takes place.
  • the hydropower plant according to FIG. 4 is equipped with an undershot water wheel 44.
  • the water blades 45 immersed in the water harvest the kinetic energy of the flowing water flow 46 and at the same time drive the rotor 2 fixed to the water wheel 45, which is thereby set in rotation relative to the stationary stator 3.
  • FIG. 7 such a water wheel is shown schematically.
  • the preferred range of the rotor diameter is marked with SRotor.
  • the optimal rotor diameter corresponds to the outer diameter of the circulated by the water blades 45 circular path.
  • an overshot water wheel is arranged. This is acted upon by a flowing above the water wheel 44 inlet 47 supplied falling water flow 46 and reaps its potential energy, which in turn is rotated together with the attached rotor 2 relative to the stator 3 in rotation.
  • three pole pieces arcs 33 populated with pole shoes 34 are arranged one behind the other, each forming a generator together with the stator 3 (see FIG.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Wind Motors (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne une éolienne ou une installation hydroélectrique, comprenant un rotor d'éolienne ou une roue hydraulique monté(e) mobile en rotation autour d'un axe, fonctionnant comme collecteur d'énergie, et doté(e) à cette fin de pales de rotor d'éolienne ou d'aubes, respectivement, ainsi qu'une génératrice électrique comprenant un rotor (2) pourvu d'aimants permanents (22), monté mobile en rotation dans, sur ou autour d'un stator (3) fixe, ou à distance de ce dernier et rotatif relativement à ce dernier, le stator (3) étant configuré de manière à former au moins un arc de cercle relié au collecteur d'énergie selon une relation concentrique.
PCT/EP2015/063866 2015-06-19 2015-06-19 Éolienne ou installation hydroélectrique WO2016202408A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/EP2015/063866 WO2016202408A1 (fr) 2015-06-19 2015-06-19 Éolienne ou installation hydroélectrique

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/EP2015/063866 WO2016202408A1 (fr) 2015-06-19 2015-06-19 Éolienne ou installation hydroélectrique

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2016202408A1 true WO2016202408A1 (fr) 2016-12-22

Family

ID=53540723

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/EP2015/063866 WO2016202408A1 (fr) 2015-06-19 2015-06-19 Éolienne ou installation hydroélectrique

Country Status (1)

Country Link
WO (1) WO2016202408A1 (fr)

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1944239A (en) * 1930-03-19 1934-01-23 Honnef Hermann Electric wind dynamo
US20100194116A1 (en) * 2009-02-03 2010-08-05 Imad Mahawili Turbine energy generating system
WO2012008938A1 (fr) * 2010-07-16 2012-01-19 American Hydro Jet Corporation Système intégré de génération d'électricité hydroélectrique et dispositif de stockage d'énergie
US20140125063A1 (en) * 2012-11-05 2014-05-08 Mohammad Shahamat Electrical Generator
WO2015086311A1 (fr) * 2013-12-11 2015-06-18 ROLLER, Maja Générateur électrique et moteur électrique

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1944239A (en) * 1930-03-19 1934-01-23 Honnef Hermann Electric wind dynamo
US20100194116A1 (en) * 2009-02-03 2010-08-05 Imad Mahawili Turbine energy generating system
WO2012008938A1 (fr) * 2010-07-16 2012-01-19 American Hydro Jet Corporation Système intégré de génération d'électricité hydroélectrique et dispositif de stockage d'énergie
US20140125063A1 (en) * 2012-11-05 2014-05-08 Mohammad Shahamat Electrical Generator
WO2015086311A1 (fr) * 2013-12-11 2015-06-18 ROLLER, Maja Générateur électrique et moteur électrique

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