WO2016194205A1 - Wireless communication apparatus and wireless communication method - Google Patents
Wireless communication apparatus and wireless communication method Download PDFInfo
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- WO2016194205A1 WO2016194205A1 PCT/JP2015/066229 JP2015066229W WO2016194205A1 WO 2016194205 A1 WO2016194205 A1 WO 2016194205A1 JP 2015066229 W JP2015066229 W JP 2015066229W WO 2016194205 A1 WO2016194205 A1 WO 2016194205A1
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W52/00—Power management, e.g. TPC [Transmission Power Control], power saving or power classes
- H04W52/02—Power saving arrangements
- H04W52/0209—Power saving arrangements in terminal devices
- H04W52/0225—Power saving arrangements in terminal devices using monitoring of external events, e.g. the presence of a signal
- H04W52/0235—Power saving arrangements in terminal devices using monitoring of external events, e.g. the presence of a signal where the received signal is a power saving command
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W40/00—Communication routing or communication path finding
- H04W40/005—Routing actions in the presence of nodes in sleep or doze mode
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W52/00—Power management, e.g. TPC [Transmission Power Control], power saving or power classes
- H04W52/02—Power saving arrangements
- H04W52/0209—Power saving arrangements in terminal devices
- H04W52/0225—Power saving arrangements in terminal devices using monitoring of external events, e.g. the presence of a signal
- H04W52/0229—Power saving arrangements in terminal devices using monitoring of external events, e.g. the presence of a signal where the received signal is a wanted signal
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W40/00—Communication routing or communication path finding
- H04W40/24—Connectivity information management, e.g. connectivity discovery or connectivity update
- H04W40/28—Connectivity information management, e.g. connectivity discovery or connectivity update for reactive routing
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02D—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES [ICT], I.E. INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES AIMING AT THE REDUCTION OF THEIR OWN ENERGY USE
- Y02D30/00—Reducing energy consumption in communication networks
- Y02D30/70—Reducing energy consumption in communication networks in wireless communication networks
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a technique for configuring a multi-hop network and transmitting route information to a wireless communication apparatus that performs intermittent control.
- the application of the wireless M2M (Machine-to-Machine) system is expanding to reduce the cost of radio modules and to expand the license-free band accompanying frequency reorganization.
- the wireless M2M system is a system that transmits and receives monitoring information and control data between devices by wireless communication.
- communication since communication is performed with devices arranged in a wide area, extension of the communication distance is one of the problems.
- a wireless node since it is assumed that a wireless node is installed in an environment where a power source cannot be secured, it is also a problem to reduce power consumption so that the wireless node operates on a battery for a long period of time.
- Multi-hop communication that extends the communication distance by placing a relay node between the source node and the destination node, receiving data transmitted from the source node at the relay node, and transmitting from the relay node to the destination node
- RPL IPv6 Routing Protocol for Low Power and Lossy Networks
- RPL updates communication paths by periodically exchanging control messages.
- the status of radio waves changes from moment to moment, so periodic route updates are essential.
- Each node constructs a multi-hop network with a tree structure rooted at the gateway.
- FIG. 9 is a diagram illustrating a sequence for updating an uplink path.
- nodes A to C exist.
- Node A is adjacent to node B and is a lower node of node B and node C.
- Node B is a lower node adjacent to node C.
- node C updates the uplink route information held by itself, sets the updated uplink route information in the uplink route control message, and transmits it by broadcast (S901).
- the node B receives the uplink route control message from the node C, and updates the uplink route information (S902).
- the node B sets the updated uplink path information of its own node in the uplink path control message and transmits it by broadcast (S903).
- the node A receives the uplink route control message from the node B, and updates the uplink route information (S904).
- FIG. 10 is a diagram illustrating a sequence for updating a downlink path.
- nodes A to C exist. Nodes A to C periodically transmit a downlink route control message to adjacent upper nodes by unicast. Node A transmits the downlink route control message to node B by unicast (S1001). The Node B that has received the downlink control message updates the downlink information (S1002). In addition, the node B transmits a downlink route control message with updated contents to the node C (S1003). The node C that has received the downlink control message updates the downlink information (S1004).
- FIG. 11 is a diagram showing a sequence of intermittent control by RIP.
- nodes A and B exist. Nodes A and B are adjacent to each other and constitute a multi-hop network. Nodes A and B repeat activation and sleep.
- Node B knows beforehand that node A is a node that performs intermittent control. Even if the node B receives data addressed to the node A from another node, the node B does not immediately transfer it (S1101). When activated, the node A transmits a data request for requesting data transmission to the adjacent node B (S1102). When the node B receives the data request from the node A, the node B transmits data addressed to the node A (S1103). The node A receives data and sleeps at the sleep timing due to the intermittent period.
- the present invention has been made to solve the above-described problems, and it is an object of the present invention to obtain a wireless communication apparatus capable of updating a communication path even when nodes constituting a multi-hop network are performing intermittent control. It is aimed.
- a wireless communication device that constitutes a multi-hop network having a tree structure and repeats activation and sleep, holds route information for transmitting data to other wireless communication devices, and includes a route control message including route information
- a network control unit that generates a network control unit, and when a data request for requesting data transmission is received from an adjacent wireless communication device, indicating that the adjacent wireless communication device among other wireless communication devices is activated from sleep.
- a wireless transmission / reception unit that transmits the route control message generated by the unit to an adjacent wireless communication device.
- the communication path can be updated even when nodes constituting the multi-hop network are performing intermittent control.
- FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing a configuration of a network according to the first embodiment.
- FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing a configuration of a node according to the first embodiment.
- 4 is a flowchart showing a flow of reception processing of a node according to the first embodiment.
- 6 is a flowchart showing a flow of transmission processing of a node according to the first embodiment.
- FIG. The figure which shows the sequence which updates the downlink path
- FIG. FIG. 3 is a block diagram illustrating an example of a hardware configuration of a node according to the first embodiment.
- FIG. 9 is a flowchart showing processing for updating a route by the network control unit according to the second embodiment.
- FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating a network configuration according to the first embodiment.
- the network is a multi-hop network composed of nodes 10a to 10c serving as wireless communication devices and a gateway 11.
- the network in FIG. 1 is a tree-structured network with the gateway 11 as a root.
- the gateway 11 constructs and manages a network, and transmits / receives data to / from the node directly or via another node.
- the gateway 11 transmits / receives data to / from devices connected to a higher level of the gateway 11 and other networks.
- the direction from the node to the gateway 11 is up, and the direction from the gateway 11 to the node is down.
- a path connecting from the gateway 11 to the node 10a, the node 10b, and the node 10c via another node is constructed.
- the node 10a is a lower node of the node 10b and the node 10c.
- the node 10b is a lower node of the node 10c and an upper node of the node 10a.
- Node c is an upper node of node a and node b.
- Nodes 10a to 10c perform intermittent control.
- FIG. 2 is a block diagram illustrating a configuration of the node 10 according to the first embodiment.
- the node 10 includes an antenna 21, a wireless transmission / reception unit 22, an application data transmission / reception unit 23, a network control unit 24, and an intermittent control unit 25.
- the network control unit 24 includes an uplink route management unit 26 and a downlink route management unit 27.
- the intermittent control unit 25 includes a node management unit 28 and an activation management unit 29.
- a sensor may be connected to the node 10, and the application data transmission / reception unit 23 performs data transmission / reception with the sensor.
- the antenna 21 When the antenna 21 receives a radio signal from another node, the antenna 21 outputs the radio signal to the radio transmission / reception unit 22.
- the radio transmission / reception unit 22 converts the radio signal into a frame and confirms the destination of the frame.
- the frame two types of network addresses and MAC addresses are set as destinations.
- the network address is a destination of data transmitted by the frame.
- the MAC address is a destination indicating the next node on the multi-hop route.
- the network address and the MAC address may be values that can uniquely identify the node.
- the transmission source network address and the transmission source MAC address are set in the frame.
- the wireless transmission / reception unit 22 outputs the data to the application data transmission / reception unit 23 or the network control unit 24 according to the content of data transmitted in the frame.
- the application data transmission / reception unit 23 processes application data input from the wireless transmission / reception unit 22.
- the network control unit 24 updates the route information when the route control message is input from the wireless transmission / reception unit 22.
- the upstream route management unit 26 stores the MAC address of the upper node, rank information, the MAC address of the next node, and the expiration date of the route information in association with each other.
- the rank information is a value indicating the distance from the gateway 11 to the node. The distance is represented by the number of hops, for example. The number of hops is the number of nodes that pass through to the destination node.
- the MAC address of the next node is a node next to the path when transmitting data addressed to the upper node, and is a node adjacent to the node 10.
- the uplink route management unit 26 stores the source MAC address of the uplink route control message as the MAC address of the next node.
- the validity period of the upper node MAC address, rank information, and route information is a value notified by the uplink route control message.
- the downlink path management unit 27 holds the MAC address of the lower node, rank information, the MAC address of the next node, and the expiration date of the path information in association with each other.
- the next node is a node next to the path for transmitting data addressed to the lower node, and is a node adjacent to the node 10.
- the downlink route management unit 27 stores the source MAC address of the downlink route control message as the MAC address of the next node.
- the validity period of the MAC address, rank information, and route information of the lower node is a value notified by the downlink route control message.
- the uplink route management unit 26 and the downlink route management unit 27 may hold route information of a plurality of nodes.
- the node management unit 28 holds the MAC address of the adjacent node and whether each node is performing intermittent control in association with each other. When a node enters the network, the node transmits the MAC address of the node and whether to perform intermittent control to surrounding nodes. From the information at this time, the node management unit 28 can grasp whether adjacent nodes are performing intermittent control. In addition, the activation management unit 29 holds the intermittent cycle of the own node.
- the application data transmission / reception unit 23 outputs application data generated by a sensor or application connected to the node 10 to the wireless transmission / reception unit 22.
- the network control unit 24 refers to the uplink route management unit 26 or the downlink route management unit 27 and adds the information of the own node to generate a route control message.
- the uplink route control message is composed of the MAC address of the upper node, rank information, and the route expiration date.
- the network control unit 24 sets the MAC address of the own node as the MAC address of the upper node as the route information of the own node.
- the network control unit 24 holds the rank information of the own node and the expiration date of the route, and sets the held value in the uplink route control message.
- the network control unit 24 outputs the generated uplink route control message and the MAC address of the next node to the wireless transmission / reception unit 22.
- the downlink route control message is composed of the MAC address of the lower node, rank information, and the route expiration date.
- the network control unit 24 sets the MAC address of the own node as the MAC address of the lower node as the route information of the own node.
- the network control unit 24 holds the rank information of the own node and the expiration date of the route, and sets the held value in the downlink route control message.
- the network control unit 24 outputs the generated downlink path control message and the MAC address of the next node to the wireless transmission / reception unit 22.
- the wireless transmission / reception unit 22 inquires of the node management unit 28 whether or not the next node is performing intermittent control. When the next node is performing intermittent control, when receiving a data request from the next node, the wireless transmission / reception unit 22 transmits a route control message and application data to the next node via the antenna 21. When the next node does not perform intermittent control, the wireless transmission / reception unit 22 transmits a route control message and application data to the next node without waiting for reception of a data request.
- FIG. 3 is a flowchart showing a flow of reception processing of the node 10 according to the first embodiment.
- the radio transmission / reception unit 22 starts processing from step S301.
- the radio transmission / reception unit 22 determines whether the data transmitted by the frame is addressed to the own node. If the destination network address of the frame is its own node, the process proceeds to step S302.
- step S302 the wireless transmission / reception unit 22 determines whether the data transmitted by the frame is application data.
- the wireless transmission / reception unit 22 outputs the application data to the application data transmission / reception unit 23.
- step S303 the application data transmission / reception unit 23 processes the input application data.
- the application data transmission / reception unit 23 may further output data to a sensor connected to its own node. The process ends.
- step S302 when the data transmitted by the frame is not application data, the process proceeds to step S304.
- step S304 if the data transmitted by the frame is a routing control message, The wireless transmission / reception unit 22 outputs a route control message to the network control unit 24.
- step S305 the network control unit 24 updates the route information.
- the network control unit 24 stores the route information in the uplink route management unit 26.
- the network control unit 24 stores route information in the downlink route management unit 27.
- step S304 when the data transmitted by the frame is not a route control message, the wireless transmission / reception unit 22 performs processing according to the content of the message, and the processing ends.
- step S301 when the destination network address of the frame is not the local node, the process proceeds to step S306. In this case, the frame is transferred to another node.
- step S306 when the destination MAC address of the frame is the local node, the process proceeds to step S307.
- step S307 the wireless transmission / reception unit 22 transfers data received from another node to the next node. Details of the processing will be described later.
- step S306 If the destination MAC address of the frame is not the local node in step S306, the process proceeds to step S311. In step S311, the wireless transmission / reception unit 22 discards the frame. The process ends.
- FIG. 4 is a flowchart showing a flow of transmission processing of the node 10 according to the first embodiment.
- the processing of this flowchart is performed together with the transfer of data received from another node.
- step S307 in FIG. 3 is performed.
- the application data transmission / reception unit 23 transmits the application data to another node by processing according to the input from the sensor or the received application data.
- the application data transmission / reception unit 23 outputs the application data and the destination network address to the wireless transmission / reception unit 22.
- step S401 the wireless transmission / reception unit 22 outputs the destination network address to the network control unit 24 and inquires about the next node.
- the network control unit 24 outputs the MAC address of the next node corresponding to the destination network address to the wireless transmission / reception unit 22.
- the wireless transmission / reception unit 22 sets the destination network address input from the application data transmission / reception unit 23 as the destination network address of the frame. Further, the wireless transmission / reception unit 22 sets the MAC address of the next node input from the network control unit 24 as the destination MAC address of the frame.
- step S402 the wireless transmission / reception unit 22 outputs the MAC address of the next node to the intermittent control unit 25, and inquires whether the next node is performing intermittent control.
- the intermittent control unit 25 refers to the node management unit 28 and outputs to the wireless transmission / reception unit 22 whether the next node is under intermittent control. If the next node is under intermittent control, the process proceeds to step S403. If the next node is not in intermittent control, the process proceeds to step S404. In step S403, when the wireless transmission / reception unit 22 receives a data request from the next node or the timer holding the transmission data times out, the process proceeds to step S404.
- step S ⁇ b> 404 the wireless transmission / reception unit 22 outputs the data request source MAC address to the network control unit 24.
- the network control unit 24 When the data request transmission source node is an uplink node, the network control unit 24 generates an uplink route control message and outputs it to the wireless transmission / reception unit 22.
- the radio transmission / reception unit 22 sets an uplink path control message in the data portion of the frame, and converts the frame into a radio signal.
- the radio transmission / reception unit 22 transmits a radio signal to the next node via the antenna 21.
- the network control unit 24 When the data request transmission source node is a downlink node, the network control unit 24 generates a downlink route control message and outputs it to the wireless transmission / reception unit 22.
- the radio transmission / reception unit 22 transmits to the next node in the same manner as the uplink route control message.
- the process proceeds to step S405.
- step S405 the wireless transmission / reception unit 22 sets the MAC address of the next node as the destination MAC address of the frame, and sets application data in the data portion of the frame.
- the radio transmission / reception unit 22 converts the frame into a radio signal and outputs the radio signal to the antenna 21.
- the antenna 21 transmits a radio signal to the next node. The process ends.
- the wireless transmission / reception unit 22 when receiving a data request from an adjacent node, transmits only a route control message if it does not hold application data to be transmitted to the adjacent node. At this time, the radio transmission / reception unit 22 may add information indicating that the application data to be transmitted is not held to the frame for transmitting the route control message and transmit the frame to the adjacent node.
- FIG. 5 is a diagram illustrating a sequence for updating the uplink path of the node 10b according to the first embodiment.
- the node 10b receives data addressed to the node 10a (S501).
- the node management unit 28 of the node 10b determines whether or not the node 10a is a node that performs intermittent control. Since the node 10a performs intermittent control, the node 10b suspends transmission to the node 10a (S502).
- the node 10a ends the sleep and transmits a data request when activated.
- the node 10b inquires of the upstream path management unit 26 whether the node 10a is an upstream path node (S503). If the node 10a is an uplink node, the node 10b transmits an uplink route control message to the node 10a by unicast (S504).
- the node 10a updates the uplink route information based on the uplink route control message received from the node 10b (S505).
- the node 10b transmits the held data (S506).
- the node 10a receives data and goes to sleep when an intermittent cycle occurs.
- the node 10b may clearly indicate that there is no pending data in the uplink route control message and transmit it to the node 10a. By clearly indicating that there is no pending data in the uplink route control message, the node 10a can enter the sleep state without waiting for data. Therefore, there is an effect of reducing power consumption. Further, the node 10b may transmit an uplink route control message to the node 10a by broadcast. By broadcasting, surrounding nodes can also obtain information on the upstream route and update the information.
- FIG. 6 is a diagram showing a sequence for updating the downlink path of the node 10b according to the first embodiment.
- the node 10b receives data addressed to the node 10c (S601).
- the node management unit 28 of the node 10b determines whether or not the node 10c is a node that performs intermittent control. Since the node 10c performs intermittent control, the node 10b suspends transmission to the node 10c (S602).
- the node 10c ends the sleep and transmits a data request when activated.
- the node 10b inquires of the downlink management unit 27 whether the node 10c is a node on the downlink (S603). If the node 10c is a downlink node, the node 10b transmits a downlink control message to the node 10c by unicast (S604).
- the node 10c updates the downlink route information based on the downlink route control message received from the node 10b (S605).
- the node 10b transmits the held data (S606).
- the node 10c receives data, and goes to sleep when an intermittent cycle occurs.
- FIG. 7 is a block diagram illustrating an example of a hardware configuration of the node 10 according to the first embodiment.
- the node 10 includes a memory 71, a processor 72, and a wireless communication device 73.
- the antenna 21 is connected to the wireless communication device 73.
- the memory 71 stores programs and data for realizing the functions of the wireless transmission / reception unit 22, the application data transmission / reception unit 23, the network control unit 24, and the intermittent control unit 25.
- the memory 71 stores data for realizing the functions of the uplink management unit 26, the downlink management unit 27, the node management unit 28, and the activation management unit 29.
- the memory includes, for example, a ROM (Read Only Memory), a RAM (Random Access Memory), an HDD (Hard Disk Drive), and an SSD (Solid State Drive).
- the processor 72 reads the program and data stored in the memory 71 and realizes the functions of the wireless transmission / reception unit 22, the application data transmission / reception unit 23, the network control unit 24, and the intermittent control unit 25.
- the processor 72 is realized by a processing circuit such as a CPU that executes a program stored in a memory or a system LSI (Large Scale Integration).
- a plurality of processing circuits may cooperate to execute the functions of the wireless transmission / reception unit 22, the application data transmission / reception unit 23, the network control unit 24, and the intermittent control unit 25.
- the wireless communication device 73 realizes the function of the wireless transmission / reception unit 22 together with the memory 71 and the processor 72.
- the wireless communication device 73 includes a wireless transmitter and a wireless receiver, and transmits and receives wireless signals to and from other devices via a wireless line.
- a multi-hop network having a tree structure is configured and a wireless communication device that repeats activation and sleep, and holds information on a route for transmitting data to other wireless communication devices.
- a network control unit that generates a route control message including route information, and a wireless communication that indicates that a neighboring wireless communication device among other wireless communication devices has started from sleep and requests a data transmission adjacent to the wireless communication device
- a wireless transmission / reception unit that transmits a route control message generated by the network control unit to an adjacent wireless communication device when received from the device, so that the wireless communication device constituting the multi-hop network performs intermittent control. Even in this case, the communication path can be updated.
- Embodiment 2 an uplink route control message or a downlink route control message is transmitted when a data request is received.
- the expiration date of the communication route is set.
- Fig. 4 illustrates an embodiment for sending a routing message in consideration. In the present embodiment, parts different from the first embodiment will be described.
- FIG. 8 is a flowchart illustrating processing in which the network control unit 24 according to the second embodiment updates route information.
- the network control unit 24 acquires the expiration date of the uplink route and the expiration date of the downlink route by the route control message, and stores them in the uplink route management unit 26 and the downlink route management unit 27, respectively.
- the node 10 starts processing from step S801.
- step S801 the network control unit 24 activates an upstream path timer and a downstream path timer. The timer value counts up from zero.
- step S802 the wireless transmission / reception unit 22 receives a data request.
- the wireless transmission / reception unit 22 outputs the transmission source MAC address of the data request frame to the network control unit 24. If the transmission source of the data request is an upstream node, the process proceeds to step S804.
- step S803 the network control unit 24 compares the value of the uplink route timer with a threshold value. If the value of the uplink timer is smaller than the threshold value, the process proceeds to step S805. If the value of the uplink timer is not smaller than the threshold value, the process returns to step S802.
- step S804 the network control unit 24 generates an uplink route control message and outputs the uplink route control message to the wireless transmission / reception unit 22.
- the radio transmission / reception unit 22 transmits an uplink route control message by unicast via the antenna 21.
- step S805 the network control unit 24 resets the value of the uplink timer and sets 0. The process returns to step S802.
- step S802 if the transmission source of the data request is a downstream node, the process proceeds to step S806.
- step S806 the value of the downlink timer is compared with a threshold value. If the value of the downlink timer is smaller than the threshold value, the process proceeds to step S807. If the value of the downlink timer is not smaller than the threshold value, the process returns to step S802.
- step S807 the network control unit 24 generates a downlink path control message and outputs the downlink route control message to the wireless transmission / reception unit 22.
- the radio transmission / reception unit 22 transmits a downlink route control message by unicast via the antenna 21.
- step S808 the network control unit 24 resets the value of the downlink route timer and sets 0. The process returns to step S802.
- the threshold value to be compared with the uplink route timer and the downlink route timer is set to a value n times the intermittent control period of the own node.
- the intermittent control period is the time from when the node is activated until it sleeps and then is activated again.
- n is an integer of 1 or more.
- n when n is set large, the transmission interval of the route control message is shortened, the traffic amount of the wireless network is increased, and the power consumption of the node is increased. Therefore, by appropriately setting n, it is possible to reduce the failure of route update and further suppress an increase in traffic of the wireless network and an increase in power consumption of the node.
- the network control unit counts the time that has elapsed since the route control message was output to the wireless transmission / reception unit, and when the wireless transmission / reception unit receives a data request from an adjacent wireless communication device When the elapsed time is smaller than the threshold value, the route control message is not transmitted, so that the route can be updated before the route expires.
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Abstract
Description
ゲートウェイは、上り経路情報を上り経路制御メッセージに設定し、定期的にブロードキャストで送信する。上り経路制御メッセージを受信したノードは、自ノードが保持する上り経路情報を更新し、更新した上り経路情報を上り経路制御メッセージに設定し、ブロードキャストで送信する。
図9は、上り経路を更新するシーケンスを示す図である。図9には、ノードA~Cが存在する。ノードAは、ノードBに隣接し、ノードBおよびノードCの下位のノードである。ノードBはノードCに隣接する下位ノードである。
上り経路制御メッセージを受信したノードCは、自ノードが保持する上り経路情報を更新し、更新した上り経路情報を上り経路制御メッセージに設定し、ブロードキャストで送信する(S901)。ノードBはノードCからの上り経路制御メッセージを受信し、上り経路情報を更新する(S902)。ノードBは、更新した自ノードの上り経路情報を上り経路制御メッセージに設定し、ブロードキャストで送信する(S903)。ノードAはノードBからの上り経路制御メッセージを受信し、上り経路情報を更新する(S904)。 First, the update of the uplink route will be described.
The gateway sets the uplink route information in the uplink route control message, and periodically broadcasts it. The node that has received the uplink route control message updates the uplink route information held by the node, sets the updated uplink route information in the uplink route control message, and transmits by broadcast.
FIG. 9 is a diagram illustrating a sequence for updating an uplink path. In FIG. 9, nodes A to C exist. Node A is adjacent to node B and is a lower node of node B and node C. Node B is a lower node adjacent to node C.
Receiving the uplink route control message, node C updates the uplink route information held by itself, sets the updated uplink route information in the uplink route control message, and transmits it by broadcast (S901). The node B receives the uplink route control message from the node C, and updates the uplink route information (S902). The node B sets the updated uplink path information of its own node in the uplink path control message and transmits it by broadcast (S903). The node A receives the uplink route control message from the node B, and updates the uplink route information (S904).
図10は、下り経路を更新するシーケンスを示す図である。図10には、ノードA~Cが存在する。ノードA~Cは、下り経路制御メッセージを隣接する上位ノードに定期的にユニキャストで送信する。
ノードAは、下り経路制御メッセージをノードBにユニキャストで送信する(S1001)。下り経路制御メッセージを受信したノードBは、下り経路情報を更新する(S1002)。また、ノードBは、更新した内容の下り経路制御メッセージをノードCに送信する(S1003)。下り経路制御メッセージを受信したノードCは、下り経路情報を更新する(S1004)。 Next, update of the downlink route will be described.
FIG. 10 is a diagram illustrating a sequence for updating a downlink path. In FIG. 10, nodes A to C exist. Nodes A to C periodically transmit a downlink route control message to adjacent upper nodes by unicast.
Node A transmits the downlink route control message to node B by unicast (S1001). The Node B that has received the downlink control message updates the downlink information (S1002). In addition, the node B transmits a downlink route control message with updated contents to the node C (S1003). The node C that has received the downlink control message updates the downlink information (S1004).
ノードBは、他ノードからノードA宛のデータを受信しても、すぐに転送しない(S1101)。ノードAは、起動すると隣接するノードBにデータの送信を要求するデータ要求を送信する(S1102)。ノードBは、ノードAからデータ要求を受信すると、ノードA宛てのデータを送信する(S1103)。ノードAはデータを受信し、間欠周期によりスリープのタイミングになるとスリープする。 FIG. 11 is a diagram showing a sequence of intermittent control by RIP. In FIG. 11, nodes A and B exist. Nodes A and B are adjacent to each other and constitute a multi-hop network. Nodes A and B repeat activation and sleep. Node B knows beforehand that node A is a node that performs intermittent control.
Even if the node B receives data addressed to the node A from another node, the node B does not immediately transfer it (S1101). When activated, the node A transmits a data request for requesting data transmission to the adjacent node B (S1102). When the node B receives the data request from the node A, the node B transmits data addressed to the node A (S1103). The node A receives data and sleeps at the sleep timing due to the intermittent period.
まず、本発明のネットワーク構成について説明する。
図1は、実施の形態1に係るネットワークの構成を示す図である。ネットワークは、無線通信装置としてのノード10a~cおよびゲートウェイ11により構成されるマルチホップネットワークである。また、図1のネットワークは、ゲートウェイ11を根とするツリー構造のネットワークである。ゲートウェイ11は、ネットワークを構築するとともに管理し、ノードと直接または他のノードを介してデータを送受信する。また、ゲートウェイ11は、ゲートウェイ11の上位に接続する装置や他のネットワークとデータを送受信する。 Embodiment 1 FIG.
First, the network configuration of the present invention will be described.
FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating a network configuration according to the first embodiment. The network is a multi-hop network composed of
図2は、実施の形態1に係るノード10の構成を示すブロック図である。
ノード10は、アンテナ21、無線送受信部22、アプリケーションデータ送受信部23、ネットワーク制御部24、および間欠制御部25により構成される。また、ネットワーク制御部24は、上り経路管理部26、および下り経路管理部27により構成される。また、間欠制御部25は、ノード管理部28、および起動管理部29により構成される。ノード10にはセンサが接続される場合があり、アプリケーションデータ送受信部23がセンサとのデータ送受信を行う。 Next, the configuration of the
FIG. 2 is a block diagram illustrating a configuration of the
The
アンテナ21は、他のノードから無線信号を受信すると無線信号を無線送受信部22に出力する。無線送受信部22は、無線信号をフレームに変換し、フレームの宛先を確認する。フレームには、宛先としてネットワークアドレスとMACアドレスの2種類が設定される。ネットワークアドレスは、フレームの送信するデータの宛先である。MACアドレスは、マルチホップの経路上の次のノードを示す宛先である。ネットワークアドレスおよびMACアドレスはノードを一意に識別できる値であればよい。また、送信元についても、宛先と同様に送信元ネットワークアドレスと送信元MACアドレスがフレームに設定されている。 First, the case where the
When the
上り経路管理部26および下り経路管理部27は、複数のノードの経路情報を保持する場合がある。 Further, the downlink
The uplink
また、起動管理部29は自ノードの間欠周期を保持する。 The node management unit 28 holds the MAC address of the adjacent node and whether each node is performing intermittent control in association with each other. When a node enters the network, the node transmits the MAC address of the node and whether to perform intermittent control to surrounding nodes. From the information at this time, the node management unit 28 can grasp whether adjacent nodes are performing intermittent control.
In addition, the
アプリケーションデータ送受信部23は、ノード10に接続されたセンサやアプリケーションが生成したアプリケーションデータを無線送受信部22に出力する。ネットワーク制御部24は、上り経路管理部26または下り経路管理部27を参照するとともに、自ノードの情報を付加して経路制御メッセージを生成する。上り経路制御メッセージは、上位ノードのMACアドレス、ランク情報および経路の有効期限により構成される。ネットワーク制御部24は、自ノードの経路情報として、上位ノードのMACアドレスに自ノードのMACアドレスを設定する。ネットワーク制御部24は自ノードのランク情報および経路の有効期限を保持しており、保持している値を上り経路制御メッセージに設定する。ネットワーク制御部24は、生成した上り経路制御メッセージおよび次ノードのMACアドレスを無線送受信部22に出力する。 Next, a case where the
The application data transmission /
図3は、実施の形態1に係るノード10の受信処理の流れを示すフローチャートである。
無線送受信部22は、アンテナ21から無線信号を受信するとステップS301より処理を開始する。
ステップS301において、無線送受信部22は、フレームの送信するデータが自ノード宛か否かを判定する。フレームの宛先ネットワークアドレスが自ノードの場合、処理はステップS302に進む。 Next, details of the operation in which the
FIG. 3 is a flowchart showing a flow of reception processing of the
When receiving the radio signal from the
In step S301, the radio transmission /
ステップS303において、アプリケーションデータ送受信部23は、入力されたアプリケーションデータを処理する。アプリケーションデータ送受信部23は、さらにデータを、自ノードに接続されるセンサに出力する場合もある。処理は終了する。 In step S302, the wireless transmission /
In step S303, the application data transmission /
ステップS304において、フレームの送信するデータが経路制御メッセージの場合、
無線送受信部22は、経路制御メッセージをネットワーク制御部24に出力する。
ステップS305において、ネットワーク制御部24は、経路情報を更新する。上り経路に関する経路制御メッセージの場合、ネットワーク制御部24は、上り経路管理部26に経路情報を保存する。下り経路に関する経路制御メッセージの場合、ネットワーク制御部24は、下り経路管理部27に経路情報を保存する。処理は終了する。 In step S302, when the data transmitted by the frame is not application data, the process proceeds to step S304.
In step S304, if the data transmitted by the frame is a routing control message,
The wireless transmission /
In step S305, the
ステップS306において、フレームの宛先MACアドレスが自ノードの場合、処理はステップS307に進む。
ステップS307において、無線送受信部22は、他のノードから受信したデータを次ノードに転送する。処理の詳細は後述する。 In step S301, when the destination network address of the frame is not the local node, the process proceeds to step S306. In this case, the frame is transferred to another node.
In step S306, when the destination MAC address of the frame is the local node, the process proceeds to step S307.
In step S307, the wireless transmission /
ステップS311において、無線送受信部22は、フレームを破棄する。処理は終了する。 If the destination MAC address of the frame is not the local node in step S306, the process proceeds to step S311.
In step S311, the wireless transmission /
図4は、実施の形態1に係るノード10の送信処理の流れを示すフローチャートである。ノード10が生成したデータを送信する場合、他のノードから受信したデータを転送する場合ともに本フローチャートの処理を行う。他のノードから受信したデータを転送する場合は、図3のステップS307である。
アプリケーションデータ送受信部23は、センサからの入力や受信したアプリケーションデータに応じた処理により、アプリケーションデータを他のノードに送信する。アプリケーションデータ送受信部23は、アプリケーションデータと宛先ネットワークアドレスを無線送受信部22に出力する。 Next, details of the operation in which the
FIG. 4 is a flowchart showing a flow of transmission processing of the
The application data transmission /
ステップS401において、無線送受信部22は、宛先ネットワークアドレスをネットワーク制御部24に出力し、次ノードを問い合わせる。ネットワーク制御部24は、宛先ネットワークアドレスに対応する次ノードのMACアドレスを無線送受信部22に出力する。無線送受信部22は、アプリケーションデータ送受信部23から入力された宛先ネットワークアドレスをフレームの宛先ネットワークアドレスに設定する。また、無線送受信部22は、ネットワーク制御部24から入力された次ノードのMACアドレスをフレームの宛先MACアドレスに設定する。 When the data transmitted from the
In step S401, the wireless transmission /
ステップS403において、無線送受信部22は、次ノードからデータ要求を受信するか、または送信データを保持するタイマがタイムアウトすると、処理はステップS404に進む。 In step S402, the wireless transmission /
In step S403, when the wireless transmission /
データ要求の送信元のノードが下り経路のノードの場合、ネットワーク制御部24は下り経路制御メッセージを生成し、無線送受信部22に出力する。無線送受信部22は、上り経路制御メッセージと同様にして、次ノードに送信する。処理はステップS405に進む。 In step S <b> 404, the wireless transmission /
When the data request transmission source node is a downlink node, the
図5は、実施の形態1に係るノード10bの上り経路を更新するシーケンスを示す図である。 Next, an operation for updating the uplink route will be described. For simplification of description, the operation will be described mainly based on the device name.
FIG. 5 is a diagram illustrating a sequence for updating the uplink path of the
また、ノード10bは、ノード10aへの上り経路制御メッセージをブロードキャストで送信してもよい。ブロードキャストにより、周囲のノードも上り経路の情報を得て、情報を更新することができる。 When there is no pending data addressed to the
Further, the
図6は、実施の形態1に係るノード10bの下り経路を更新するシーケンスを示す図である。 Next, an operation for updating the downlink is described. For simplification of description, the operation will be described mainly based on the device name.
FIG. 6 is a diagram showing a sequence for updating the downlink path of the
図7は、実施の形態1に係るノード10のハードウェア構成の一例を示すブロック図である。
ノード10は、メモリ71、プロセッサ72、及び無線通信機73により構成される。無線通信機73にはアンテナ21が接続されている。 Next, the hardware configuration of the
FIG. 7 is a block diagram illustrating an example of a hardware configuration of the
The
なお、複数の処理回路が連携して、無線送受信部22、アプリケーションデータ送受信部23、ネットワーク制御部24、および間欠制御部25の機能を実行するように構成してもよい。 The
A plurality of processing circuits may cooperate to execute the functions of the wireless transmission /
以上の実施の形態1では、データ要求を受信したことを契機に上り経路制御メッセージまたは下り経路制御メッセージを送信するようにしたものであるが、本実施の形態においては、通信経路の有効期限を考慮して経路制御メッセージを送信する実施形態を示す。
なお、本実施の形態においては、実施の形態1と異なる部分について、説明する。 Embodiment 2. FIG.
In the first embodiment described above, an uplink route control message or a downlink route control message is transmitted when a data request is received. In this embodiment, the expiration date of the communication route is set. Fig. 4 illustrates an embodiment for sending a routing message in consideration.
In the present embodiment, parts different from the first embodiment will be described.
ネットワーク制御部24は、経路制御メッセージにより上り経路の有効期限および下り経路の有効期限を取得し、それぞれ上り経路管理部26および下り経路管理部27に保存している。 FIG. 8 is a flowchart illustrating processing in which the
The
ステップS801において、ネットワーク制御部24は、上り経路タイマおよび下り経路タイマを起動する。タイマ値は0からカウントアップする。
ステップS802において、無線送受信部22は、データ要求を受信する。無線送受信部22は、データ要求のフレームの送信元MACアドレスをネットワーク制御部24に出力する。データ要求の送信元が上り経路のノードの場合、ステップS804に進む。
ステップS803において、ネットワーク制御部24は上り経路タイマの値を閾値と比較する。上り経路タイマの値が閾値より小さい場合、ステップS805に進む。上り経路タイマの値が閾値より小さくない場合、ステップS802に戻る。 The
In step S801, the
In step S802, the wireless transmission /
In step S803, the
ステップS805において、ネットワーク制御部24は、上り経路タイマの値をリセットし、0を設定する。処理はステップS802に戻る。 In step S804, the
In step S805, the
ステップS806において、下り経路タイマの値を閾値と比較する。下り経路タイマの値が閾値より小さい場合、ステップS807に進む。下り経路タイマの値が閾値より小さくない場合、ステップS802に戻る。
ステップS807において、ネットワーク制御部24は、下り経路制御メッセージを生成し、無線送受信部22に出力する。無線送受信部22は、アンテナ21を介してユニキャストで下り経路制御メッセージを送信する。
ステップS808において、ネットワーク制御部24は、下り経路タイマの値をリセットし、0を設定する。処理はステップS802に戻る。 In step S802, if the transmission source of the data request is a downstream node, the process proceeds to step S806.
In step S806, the value of the downlink timer is compared with a threshold value. If the value of the downlink timer is smaller than the threshold value, the process proceeds to step S807. If the value of the downlink timer is not smaller than the threshold value, the process returns to step S802.
In step S807, the
In step S808, the
閾値を間欠制御周期のn倍の値にすることで、経路の有効期限がタイムアウトするまでに、上り経路および下り経路制御メッセージをn回送信することが可能となる。nを1に設定した場合、経路制御メッセージの送信に1度失敗すると、経路の有効期限がタイムアウトし、経路の更新に失敗する。一方、nを大きく設定した場合、経路制御メッセージの送信間隔が短くなり、無線ネットワークのトラフィック量が増加し、ノードの消費電力が増加してしまう。そのため、nを適切に設定することで、経路更新の失敗を減少させ、さらに無線ネットワークのトラフィック増加やノードの消費電力増加を抑えることが可能となる。 The threshold value to be compared with the uplink route timer and the downlink route timer is set to a value n times the intermittent control period of the own node. The intermittent control period is the time from when the node is activated until it sleeps and then is activated again. n is an integer of 1 or more.
By setting the threshold to a value n times the intermittent control period, it is possible to transmit the uplink and downlink route control messages n times before the expiration date of the route times out. When n is set to 1, if the transmission of the route control message fails once, the expiration date of the route times out and the route update fails. On the other hand, when n is set large, the transmission interval of the route control message is shortened, the traffic amount of the wireless network is increased, and the power consumption of the node is increased. Therefore, by appropriately setting n, it is possible to reduce the failure of route update and further suppress an increase in traffic of the wireless network and an increase in power consumption of the node.
11 ゲートウェイ
21 アンテナ
22 無線送受信部
23 アプリケーションデータ送受信部
24 ネットワーク制御部
25 間欠制御部
26 上り経路管理部
27 下り経路管理部
28 ノード管理部
29 起動管理部
71 メモリ
72 プロセッサ
73 無線通信機 10, 10a to
Claims (5)
- ツリー構造のマルチホップネットワークを構成するとともに、起動とスリープとを繰り返す無線通信装置であって、
他の前記無線通信装置にデータを送信する経路の情報を保持するとともに、前記経路の情報を含む経路制御メッセージを生成するネットワーク制御部と、
前記他の無線通信装置のうち隣接する無線通信装置がスリープから起動したことを示すとともにデータの送信を要求するデータ要求を前記隣接する無線通信装置から受信した場合、前記ネットワーク制御部によって生成された前記経路制御メッセージを前記隣接する無線通信装置に送信する無線送受信部と、
を備えることを特徴とする無線通信装置。 A wireless communication device that configures a multi-hop network with a tree structure and repeats activation and sleep,
A network control unit that holds information on a route for transmitting data to the other wireless communication device and generates a route control message including the route information;
When the data request requesting data transmission is received from the adjacent wireless communication device indicating that the adjacent wireless communication device is activated from the sleep among the other wireless communication devices, the network control unit generates A wireless transceiver that transmits the route control message to the adjacent wireless communication device;
A wireless communication apparatus comprising: - 前記無線送受信部は、前記データ要求を前記隣接する無線通信装置から受信したときに、前記隣接する無線通信装置に送信するデータを保持していない場合、送信するデータがない旨を示す情報を付加した前記経路制御メッセージを送信することを特徴とする請求項1に記載の無線通信装置。 When the wireless transmission / reception unit does not hold data to be transmitted to the adjacent wireless communication device when the data request is received from the adjacent wireless communication device, information indicating that there is no data to be transmitted is added. The wireless communication apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the route control message is transmitted.
- 前記ネットワーク制御部は、前記経路制御メッセージを前記隣接する無線通信装置に送信してから経過した時間をカウントし、
前記無線送受信部は、前記隣接する無線通信装置から前記データ要求を受信したときに前記経過した時間が閾値より小さい場合、前記経路制御メッセージを送信しないことを特徴とする請求項1または2に記載の無線通信装置。 The network control unit counts a time elapsed since the route control message was transmitted to the adjacent wireless communication device;
The wireless transmission / reception unit does not transmit the route control message when the elapsed time is smaller than a threshold when the data request is received from the adjacent wireless communication device. Wireless communication device. - 自装置の間欠制御周期を保持するとともに、自装置の間欠制御を行う間欠制御部を備え、
前記ネットワーク制御部は、前記閾値を自装置の間欠制御周期のn(nは正の整数)倍の値に設定することを特徴とする請求項3に記載の無線通信装置。 While holding the intermittent control cycle of the own device, equipped with an intermittent control unit that performs intermittent control of the own device,
The wireless network device according to claim 3, wherein the network control unit sets the threshold value to a value that is n (n is a positive integer) times the intermittent control period of the device itself. - ツリー構造のマルチホップネットワークを構成するとともに、起動とスリープとを繰り返す無線通信方法であって、
他の無線通信装置にデータを送信する経路の情報を保持するとともに、前記経路の情報を含む経路制御メッセージを生成するネットワーク制御ステップと、
前記他の無線通信装置のうち隣接する無線通信装置がスリープから起動したことを示すとともにデータの送信を要求するデータ要求を前記隣接する無線通信装置から受信した場合、前記ネットワーク制御部によって生成された前記経路制御メッセージを前記隣接する無線通信装置に送信する無線送受信ステップと、
を有する無線通信方法。 A wireless communication method that configures a multi-hop network with a tree structure and repeats activation and sleep,
A network control step for holding a route information for transmitting data to another wireless communication device and generating a route control message including the route information;
When the data request requesting data transmission is received from the adjacent wireless communication device indicating that the adjacent wireless communication device is activated from the sleep among the other wireless communication devices, the network control unit generates A wireless transmission and reception step of transmitting the route control message to the adjacent wireless communication device;
A wireless communication method.
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TW201644314A (en) | 2016-12-16 |
JPWO2016194205A1 (en) | 2017-10-19 |
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