WO2016194009A1 - Apparatus and method for treatment of contaminated fluid - Google Patents

Apparatus and method for treatment of contaminated fluid Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2016194009A1
WO2016194009A1 PCT/IT2015/000148 IT2015000148W WO2016194009A1 WO 2016194009 A1 WO2016194009 A1 WO 2016194009A1 IT 2015000148 W IT2015000148 W IT 2015000148W WO 2016194009 A1 WO2016194009 A1 WO 2016194009A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
fluid
treated
treatment
pump
agent
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/IT2015/000148
Other languages
French (fr)
Inventor
Santoro ORONZO
Pastore TIZIANO
Original Assignee
Aquasoil Srl
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
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Publication date
Application filed by Aquasoil Srl filed Critical Aquasoil Srl
Priority to PCT/IT2015/000148 priority Critical patent/WO2016194009A1/en
Publication of WO2016194009A1 publication Critical patent/WO2016194009A1/en

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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/52—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by flocculation or precipitation of suspended impurities
    • C02F1/5281—Installations for water purification using chemical agents
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F25/00—Flow mixers; Mixers for falling materials, e.g. solid particles
    • B01F25/30—Injector mixers
    • B01F25/31—Injector mixers in conduits or tubes through which the main component flows
    • B01F25/314—Injector mixers in conduits or tubes through which the main component flows wherein additional components are introduced at the circumference of the conduit
    • B01F25/3141—Injector mixers in conduits or tubes through which the main component flows wherein additional components are introduced at the circumference of the conduit with additional mixing means other than injector mixers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F25/00—Flow mixers; Mixers for falling materials, e.g. solid particles
    • B01F25/30—Injector mixers
    • B01F25/31—Injector mixers in conduits or tubes through which the main component flows
    • B01F25/314—Injector mixers in conduits or tubes through which the main component flows wherein additional components are introduced at the circumference of the conduit
    • B01F25/3142—Injector mixers in conduits or tubes through which the main component flows wherein additional components are introduced at the circumference of the conduit the conduit having a plurality of openings in the axial direction or in the circumferential direction
    • B01F25/31423—Injector mixers in conduits or tubes through which the main component flows wherein additional components are introduced at the circumference of the conduit the conduit having a plurality of openings in the axial direction or in the circumferential direction with a plurality of perforations in the circumferential direction only and covering the whole circumference
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F25/00—Flow mixers; Mixers for falling materials, e.g. solid particles
    • B01F25/60—Pump mixers, i.e. mixing within a pump
    • B01F25/64—Pump mixers, i.e. mixing within a pump of the centrifugal-pump type, i.e. turbo-mixers
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/28—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by sorption
    • C02F1/283—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by sorption using coal, charred products, or inorganic mixtures containing them
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/30—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by irradiation
    • C02F1/32—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by irradiation with ultraviolet light
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/52—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by flocculation or precipitation of suspended impurities
    • C02F1/5236—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by flocculation or precipitation of suspended impurities using inorganic agents
    • C02F1/5245—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by flocculation or precipitation of suspended impurities using inorganic agents using basic salts, e.g. of aluminium and iron
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/72—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by oxidation
    • C02F1/722—Oxidation by peroxides
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/72—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by oxidation
    • C02F1/727—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by oxidation using pure oxygen or oxygen rich gas
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/72—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by oxidation
    • C02F1/76—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by oxidation with halogens or compounds of halogens
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/72—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by oxidation
    • C02F1/78—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by oxidation with ozone
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F2101/00—Nature of the contaminant
    • C02F2101/10—Inorganic compounds
    • C02F2101/20—Heavy metals or heavy metal compounds
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F2101/00—Nature of the contaminant
    • C02F2101/30—Organic compounds
    • C02F2101/34—Organic compounds containing oxygen
    • C02F2101/345—Phenols
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F2201/00—Apparatus for treatment of water, waste water or sewage
    • C02F2201/002—Construction details of the apparatus
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F2303/00—Specific treatment goals
    • C02F2303/02—Odour removal or prevention of malodour
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F2303/00—Specific treatment goals
    • C02F2303/04—Disinfection

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a method for the treatment of a contaminated fluid and in particular for the treatment of urban or industrial waste water and a device for the treatment of a fluid by means of such method.
  • the treatment processes are applied in series to achieve the treatment aims.
  • coagulation, flocculation, filtration, disinfection and advanced oxidation treatments are commonly used sequentially.
  • the aggregation of the material dispersed in the fluid is favoured by the addition of polyvalent cations so that the suspended material is induced to form flocks of greater dimensions, which can be possibly removed by means of sedimentation or filtration.
  • Disinfection and advanced oxidation are treatments which provide the use of physical or chemical oxidants to inactivate the pathogens and/or to destroy persistent micro-pollutants such as, as a way of not limiting example, pharmaceutical products, products for personal care and endocrine disturbers .
  • the chemical, biological and physical reagents are introduced in the flow of contaminated fluid sequentially.
  • the mixing of reagents and fluid is accomplished by means of stirring with vane or blade mixers or also with static mixers.
  • figure 1 it is shown a schematic representation of a system in which typical sequential processes for contaminated fluids treatment occur.
  • the fluid to be treated (101) is introduced in a flocculation area (110) by means of a pump (102) or by gravity.
  • a coagulant (111) is added to the liquid by using a metering pump or by gravity.
  • the fluid (101) is directed, by gravity or by means of another pump, to a flocculation tank (114) configured so that the conditions of mild stirring are provided to favour the flocks formation.
  • the floccules, in sludge form are separated in a decanting tank (115) and the floccules in sludge form (16) are periodically extracted from the bottom of the tank and suitably treated and/or eliminated.
  • the flocculation step (110) can be followed by a coagulation treatment (120) which provides the addition of an adsorbing reagent (121) .
  • the fluid (103) is mixed with the adsorbent (121) and therefore enters a decanting tank (124) which separates the exhausted adsorbent from the treated water (104) .
  • the sludge (126) is extracted from the bottom of a second decanting tank (125) .
  • the treated fluid (104) undergoes another disinfection or advanced oxidation treatment (130) , these latter aiming at eliminating the organisms causing diseases and/or toxic or carcinogenic micro-pollutants from the fluid flow.
  • a disinfectant and/or oxidant (131) is added to the flow by means of a metering device.
  • the fluid and the disinfectant are then mixed to guarantee suitable dispersion with a mixing device (132) in a rapid mixing area (133) .
  • a contact basin (134) allows the pathogens/micro-pollutants to be in needed contact for inactivation/oxidat io .
  • the thus treated fluid (105) can be used for drinking, discharged in a water body (for example a lake, the see, similar water bodies etc..) or re-used for agricultural, industrial or recreational purposes.
  • this treatment schema is made up of various processes in series and contains various sequential steps which are actually demanding from an energetic and dimension point of view.
  • a first contribute to improve the treatment efficiency and to reduce costs and plant dimensions is provided by the system described in the application US2012/0211426, where it is described a system of the type shown in figure 2, configured to carry out more functions simultaneously, and in particular the transport of the fluid to be treated and the mixing of the reagents with the fluid to be treated.
  • a series of reagents (1603) is injected in the fluid to be treated (1601) at the suction pipe (1602), and their mixing with the fluid can occur by means of a pump (321) which conveys the mixed fluid to the next oxidation and disinfection step (331) .
  • the used reagents comprise one or more of coagulants, adsorbents, oxidants and disinfectants.
  • the optimal combination of reagents, inlet simultaneously in the fluid to be treated by means of coagulation, adsorbing and disinfection treatments is: aluminum polychloride (84-106 ul/1), zeolite (34-70 mg/1) , sodium hypochlorite (3.4 - 5.6 mg/1), powder activated carbon (0-30mg/l) .
  • the fluids to be treated used in the study presented a COD between 20 and 120 mg/1 and a concentration of coliforms between 10 5 and 10 s CFU/lOOml.
  • aim of the present invention is to provide a plant for treatment of contaminated fluids, and in particular for treatment of urban, industrial and drinking waste water, which is more economic and more effective than the devices known at the state of the art.
  • the present invention provides a treatment plant which allows to improve the efficiency and the rapidity of mixing of reagents and fluid to be treated, so that the dispersion (and so the efficacy) of the reagents used is optimized.
  • the present invention provides a method for treatment of contaminated fluids, usable with the plant according to the present invention, which allows to optimize the type and quantity of reagents used and, therefore, to maximize the treatment efficacy and to minimize the costs linked to the usage of reagents.
  • the present invention provides a treatment method which uses, in optimized way with respect to the state of the art, the ozone injection, alone or in combination with mild dosages of liquid reagents (among which sodium hypochlorite, aluminum polychloride, hydrogen peroxide) and solids (among which powder activated carbon) and also in combination with UV light.
  • the ozone injection method according to the present invention allows to obtain better results than the state of the art in terms of: COD reduction; optimization of flocculation and separation of floccules; water decolorization; odour reduction (by reducing the presence of phenols and amines); reduction of recalcitrant compounds (for example phenols); metal oxidation (for example zinc, iron and manganese); advanced disinfection (in combination with NaCIO or other liquid disinfectant) ; advanced oxidation (in combination with H2O2 and/or UV) ; decomposition of organic substances present in the fluid to be treated .
  • object of the present invention is a method for the treatment of a contaminated fluid, and in particular for the treatment of urban, industrial and drinking waste water, comprising the steps of: suction of the fluid to be treated from a sedimentation tank by means of a pump; metering in known concentrations, in the contaminated fluid to be treated, a coagulant agent, an adsorbent agent, a disinfection agent and an oxidant.
  • the treatment is characterized in that said coagulant, adsorbent and disinfectant/oxidant agents are introduced in the fluid to be treated at the same section of the plant, arranged at the suction pipe of said pump, upstream of the suction flange of the pump at a distance from the section of the rotor of said pump between 0 and 2 times the diameter of the suction pipe and in that in said same plant section ozone is also metered in the contaminated fluid to be treated.
  • the present invention provides a plant for the treatment of a contaminated fluid by means of the method according to any one of the preceding claims, comprising: a sedimentation tank; a pump configured to suck the fluid to be treated from said sedimentation tank by means of a suction pipe; an injection flange engaged in said suction pipe comprising a plurality of injectors configured so that the liquid, gaseous and/or solid reagents can be injected in said fluid to be treated 2015/000148 characterized in that said suction flange is arranged at a distance from the section of the rotor of the pump between 0 and 2 times the diameter of said suction pipe.
  • FIGS 1 and 2 show embodiments of treatment plants known at the state of the art and described in the introduction of the present application
  • Figure 3 shows an ozone treatment plant of the type known at the state of the art
  • Figure 4 shows the scheme of a preferred embodiment of the plant according to the present invention
  • Figure 5 shows some pictures showing the effect of the decolorizing effect of the ozone at various concentrations
  • Figure 6 shows an outer view of the suction flange of the pump to be used in the treatment plant according to the present invention
  • Figure 7 shows a section view of the same suction flange
  • Figure 8 shows a section view of the plant section comprising the pump.
  • the plant object of the present invention comprises at least a pump (202) configured so that the fluid to be treated is sucked by means of a suction pipe (201) from a first sedimentation tank (204) .
  • a suction pipe (201) from a first sedimentation tank (204) .
  • pipes (205) are connected by means of which reagents are let in the fluid to be treated according to what specified in the following.
  • the reagents in liquid or solid form (207) are pushed and metered by means of a peristaltic pump (206) or similar device.
  • the reagents in gaseous form (208) are instead pressure injected.
  • pressurized oxygen is used as vector fluid.
  • the reagents and the fluid to be treated cross then the rotor of the pump (202) by which they are mixed vigorously.
  • the pump (202) is in fact configured to carry out combined functions simultaneously such for example the transport of the fluid and the rapid and vigorous mixing, functional to the treatment of the contaminated fluid.
  • the suction flange (203) is realized so that it is provided with a series of holes (40) which allow its bolted junction, and with a plurality of injectors (indicated with reference number 31 to 34 in figure 7), each one connected to the supply line of one of the reagents.
  • peristaltic pumps are provided which allow the single reagent to be metered, as needed.
  • the injectors (30, 31, 32, 33, 34) which inject the single reagents are arranged at the same section.
  • the distance between the section of the suction flange (203) and the section of the rotor of the pump (201) is between 0 and 2 times the inner diameter of the suction pipe, and is preferably equal to about 1 time the diameter of the suction pipe.
  • the various reagents enter the high mixing area caused by the rotor of the pump before the reactions between the single reagents and the contaminated fluid occur, and above all, it is avoided the possibility that inside the flow different reagent concentrations areas are created, in which two or more reagents can mix in a flov; region thus causing physical or chemical phenomena different from the ones wanted according to the treatment method, which is referred to reagent dosages with uniform concentration inside the flow. It is to be considered that this condition is usually obtained in laboratory but not in industrial scale plants, where the reagents dosage occur typically inside treatment tanks.
  • the plant flow rates possible to treat have no physical limitation, possibly using also modular plant systems.
  • the plants able to treat flow rates between 150 and 200 m 3 /h are particularly interesting, which cane be used also in modular way, by installing, where needed, a plurality of plants in parallel.
  • the plant can be used for the treatment of urban waste water, industrial waste water and also for drinking water.
  • the contaminated fluid to which reagents have been added and mixed, is conveyed to a separation integrated system, configured to carry out more functions at the same time such for example the separation liquid-solid (reed valves settler and/or filter) and contact basin and recirculation .
  • a separation integrated system configured to carry out more functions at the same time such for example the separation liquid-solid (reed valves settler and/or filter) and contact basin and recirculation .
  • the flow can be treated more times, since it passes more times from the section in which the reagents are added and from the mixing section in the rotor of the pump.
  • the reagents needed to improve the treatment level are integrated, typically the oxidants and disinfectants.
  • the advanced oxidation can be activated through the in line injection of ozone and hydrogen peroxide.
  • Another treatment mode, which can be activated, is to inject ozone and to treat with UV light (209) or, yet, to inject hydrogen peroxide and to treat with UV light (209) .
  • the contaminants present in the fluid and the disaggregated particles undergo a treatment due to their reactions with the reagents, which will be described with reference to the treatment method. Then the process residues, generally in sludge form (221) can be separated from the treated fluid.
  • one of the aims of the present invention is to provide a method for treatment of water which provides the simultaneous addition to the fluid to be treated of reagents at the liquid, solid and gaseous state in order to allow the provided coagulation, oxidation and disinfection reactions to occur with the best process efficiency .
  • the reagents (coagulant, adsorbent, disinfectant, oxidant) are introduced in the flow at the suction flange of the pump, in known quantities with respect to the flow rate of the fluid to be treated.
  • reagents can be used, with the indication of reagent quantities used with reference to the fluid to be treated:
  • the method according to the present invention uses (at least in some embodiments) also ozone, hydrogen T IT2015/000148 peroxide and oxygen injected in the fluid to be treated simultaneously with the other solid and liquid reagents, and it allows also the integration of a UV light source.
  • the following reagents can be used, introduced in the contaminated fluid to be treated simultaneously and at the same plant section, arranged immediately close to the suction flange of the pump:
  • - coagulant agent aluminum polychloride (0 - 205 mg/L) ;
  • adsorbent agent powder activated carbon (0-10 mg/L) ,
  • concentrations of the various reagents expressed in the following are particularly efficient for the treatment:
  • - coagulant agent aluminum polychloride (82-123 mg/L) ;
  • disinfection agent sodium hypochlorite (2-4 mg/L)
  • - oxidant/disinfectant O3 (2-4 mg/L)
  • the variables measured in order to evaluate the efficacy of the treatment [(in the in line treatment (not in recirculation) ] , such for example macro-descriptors of pollutant categories, were COD (mg/L02) , the microbial concentration of total coliforms (CFU/lOOmL) , the sludge volume (mL/L) , the concentration of phenols (mg/L) .
  • Table 1 average load of pollutants in the plant inlet water
  • the oxidation average efficacies of metals have been evaluated such for example Al, Mn, Fe and Zn, respectively equal to 74%, 48%, 79%, 80% and an oxidation average efficacy of the organic substance with mild dosages of 03 (max 3 mg/L) o about 10%.
  • H2O2 can be also used in quantities between 0 and 3 mg/L in order to obtain an advanced disinfection in recirculation mode.
  • the hydrogen peroxide is metered in the fluid to be treated at the same section of the plant where the other reagents are introduced and according to similar modes.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Treatment Of Water By Oxidation Or Reduction (AREA)

Abstract

Method for the treatment of a contaminated fluid, and in particular for the treatment of urban, industrial and drinking waste water, comprising the steps of: suction of the fluid to be treated from a sedimentation tank by means of a pump; metering in known concentrations, in the contaminated fluid to be treated a coagulant agent, an adsorbent agent, a disinfection agent and an oxidant. The treatment is characterized in that said coagulant, adsorbent and disinfectant/oxidant are introduced in the fluid to be treated at the same section of the plant, arranged at the suction pipe of said pump, upstream of the suction flange of the pump at a distance from the section of the rotor of said pump between 0 and 2 times the diameter of the suction pipe and in that in said same plant section ozone is also metered in the contaminated fluid to be treated.

Description

APPARATUS AND METHOD FOR TREATMENT OF CONTAMINATED FLUID
DESCRIPTION
Field of the invention
The present invention relates to a method for the treatment of a contaminated fluid and in particular for the treatment of urban or industrial waste water and a device for the treatment of a fluid by means of such method.
State of the art
Background of the invention and traditional treatment schemas
At the state of the art, there are known various examples of urban or industrial waste water treatment plants, whose aim is to treat, as it is explained in the following, contaminated water in order to render it apt to be re-used or, alternatively, to be delivered in receiving bodies such for example receiving bodies of water or subsoil surface layers. The most commonly used parameters to describe the quality of inlet and outlet water from a treatment plant are: suspended solids (SST) , presence of pathogens, oxygen chemical demand (COD) , oxygen biochemical demand (BOD) , presence of organic materials and other 0148 micro and macro pollutants. Definitions of these parameters can be easily found in the literature of the field and will not be explained in more detail here .
Generally, in the traditional fluid treatment plants the treatment processes are applied in series to achieve the treatment aims. For example, in waste water conditioning and treatment plants, coagulation, flocculation, filtration, disinfection and advanced oxidation treatments are commonly used sequentially.
In the coagulation and flocculation processes, the aggregation of the material dispersed in the fluid is favoured by the addition of polyvalent cations so that the suspended material is induced to form flocks of greater dimensions, which can be possibly removed by means of sedimentation or filtration.
Disinfection and advanced oxidation are treatments which provide the use of physical or chemical oxidants to inactivate the pathogens and/or to destroy persistent micro-pollutants such as, as a way of not limiting example, pharmaceutical products, products for personal care and endocrine disturbers . In order to carry out all the indicated treatments, in the traditional plants the chemical, biological and physical reagents are introduced in the flow of contaminated fluid sequentially. Generally, the mixing of reagents and fluid is accomplished by means of stirring with vane or blade mixers or also with static mixers. In figure 1 it is shown a schematic representation of a system in which typical sequential processes for contaminated fluids treatment occur. The fluid to be treated (101) is introduced in a flocculation area (110) by means of a pump (102) or by gravity. Once the fluid (101) is loaded in a vessel provided with a mixer (113), a coagulant (111) is added to the liquid by using a metering pump or by gravity. Then the fluid (101) is directed, by gravity or by means of another pump, to a flocculation tank (114) configured so that the conditions of mild stirring are provided to favour the flocks formation. Then the floccules, in sludge form, are separated in a decanting tank (115) and the floccules in sludge form (16) are periodically extracted from the bottom of the tank and suitably treated and/or eliminated. The flocculation step (110) can be followed by a coagulation treatment (120) which provides the addition of an adsorbing reagent (121) . The fluid (103) is mixed with the adsorbent (121) and therefore enters a decanting tank (124) which separates the exhausted adsorbent from the treated water (104) . The sludge (126) is extracted from the bottom of a second decanting tank (125) . When the contamination of microbes or micro- pollutants which go out from the just described coagulation, flocculation and adsorbing steps still exceeds the maximum concentration allowed of the reference values limit, the treated fluid (104) undergoes another disinfection or advanced oxidation treatment (130) , these latter aiming at eliminating the organisms causing diseases and/or toxic or carcinogenic micro-pollutants from the fluid flow. Thus, a disinfectant and/or oxidant (131) is added to the flow by means of a metering device. The fluid and the disinfectant are then mixed to guarantee suitable dispersion with a mixing device (132) in a rapid mixing area (133) . Once the disinfectant and/or oxidant (131) are correctly metered and uniformly mixed a contact basin (134) allows the pathogens/micro-pollutants to be in needed contact for inactivation/oxidat io . Finally, the thus treated fluid (105) can be used for drinking, discharged in a water body (for example a lake, the see, similar water bodies etc..) or re-used for agricultural, industrial or recreational purposes. As clearly shown in fig. 1, this treatment schema is made up of various processes in series and contains various sequential steps which are actually demanding from an energetic and dimension point of view.
One of the drawbacks linked to this embodiment and to similar ones known at the state of the art is that the mixing step is usually not effective enough and therefore portions in which the reagents are over-metered or under-metered are formed in the fluid to be treated. On the contrary, an effective and rapid mixing guarantees that all the fluid particles come in contact with the injected treatment agents in the due doses and for the time needed for the decontamination reactions to occur. In the field scientific literature it is well documented that a bad mixing is responsible for limited and/or incomplete diffusion reactions, one of the main inefficiency causes of the treatment and of the formation of undesired by-products. Therefore, a rapid mixing leads to maximize process efficiency and to minimize the treatment time (and as a consequence the treatment costs) .
A first contribute to improve the treatment efficiency and to reduce costs and plant dimensions is provided by the system described in the application US2012/0211426, where it is described a system of the type shown in figure 2, configured to carry out more functions simultaneously, and in particular the transport of the fluid to be treated and the mixing of the reagents with the fluid to be treated. As it is shown in figure 2, in this device a series of reagents (1603) is injected in the fluid to be treated (1601) at the suction pipe (1602), and their mixing with the fluid can occur by means of a pump (321) which conveys the mixed fluid to the next oxidation and disinfection step (331) . The used reagents comprise one or more of coagulants, adsorbents, oxidants and disinfectants. Recently, the literature has also studied the usage modes of reagents. For example in "Combined physicochemical treatment of secondary settled municipal wastewater in a multifunctional reactor" (0. Santoro et al., Water Science & Technology - 68.8 - 2013) it is studied the efficacy of the usage of some reagents for the treatment of urban waste water, by using a plant substantially similar to the just described one concerning the application US2012/0211426. The results of the study are that the optimal combination of reagents, inlet simultaneously in the fluid to be treated by means of coagulation, adsorbing and disinfection treatments is: aluminum polychloride (84-106 ul/1), zeolite (34-70 mg/1) , sodium hypochlorite (3.4 - 5.6 mg/1), powder activated carbon (0-30mg/l) .
The fluids to be treated used in the study presented a COD between 20 and 120 mg/1 and a concentration of coliforms between 105 and 10s CFU/lOOml.
Technical problem
Therefore, in the application US2012/0211426 it is described a device for the treatment of contaminated fluids, which is more effective than the treatment devices of sequential type yet known at the state of the art, which, however, according to the expertise of the authors of the present invention can be improved in terms of mixing efficiency. The same application as well as the just cited article of the 2013 describe also a method for treatment of waste water which is more effective than the previous state of the art and which, however, can be improved as well in order to render the use of reagents more effective and thus to achieve the double aim of increasing the efficiency of treatment and to obtain saving in terms of plant costs and quantity of reagents used. Therefore aim of the present invention is to provide a plant for treatment of contaminated fluids, and in particular for treatment of urban, industrial and drinking waste water, which is more economic and more effective than the devices known at the state of the art. According to another aim, the present invention provides a treatment plant which allows to improve the efficiency and the rapidity of mixing of reagents and fluid to be treated, so that the dispersion (and so the efficacy) of the reagents used is optimized.
According to another aim, the present invention provides a method for treatment of contaminated fluids, usable with the plant according to the present invention, which allows to optimize the type and quantity of reagents used and, therefore, to maximize the treatment efficacy and to minimize the costs linked to the usage of reagents. According to another aim the present invention provides a treatment method which uses, in optimized way with respect to the state of the art, the ozone injection, alone or in combination with mild dosages of liquid reagents (among which sodium hypochlorite, aluminum polychloride, hydrogen peroxide) and solids (among which powder activated carbon) and also in combination with UV light.
The ozone injection method according to the present invention, as explained in the following in detail, allows to obtain better results than the state of the art in terms of: COD reduction; optimization of flocculation and separation of floccules; water decolorization; odour reduction (by reducing the presence of phenols and amines); reduction of recalcitrant compounds (for example phenols); metal oxidation (for example zinc, iron and manganese); advanced disinfection (in combination with NaCIO or other liquid disinfectant) ; advanced oxidation (in combination with H2O2 and/or UV) ; decomposition of organic substances present in the fluid to be treated .
Brief description of the invention
In particular, object of the present invention is a method for the treatment of a contaminated fluid, and in particular for the treatment of urban, industrial and drinking waste water, comprising the steps of: suction of the fluid to be treated from a sedimentation tank by means of a pump; metering in known concentrations, in the contaminated fluid to be treated, a coagulant agent, an adsorbent agent, a disinfection agent and an oxidant. The treatment is characterized in that said coagulant, adsorbent and disinfectant/oxidant agents are introduced in the fluid to be treated at the same section of the plant, arranged at the suction pipe of said pump, upstream of the suction flange of the pump at a distance from the section of the rotor of said pump between 0 and 2 times the diameter of the suction pipe and in that in said same plant section ozone is also metered in the contaminated fluid to be treated.
Moreover, the present invention provides a plant for the treatment of a contaminated fluid by means of the method according to any one of the preceding claims, comprising: a sedimentation tank; a pump configured to suck the fluid to be treated from said sedimentation tank by means of a suction pipe; an injection flange engaged in said suction pipe comprising a plurality of injectors configured so that the liquid, gaseous and/or solid reagents can be injected in said fluid to be treated 2015/000148 characterized in that said suction flange is arranged at a distance from the section of the rotor of the pump between 0 and 2 times the diameter of said suction pipe.
Description of the figures
Figures 1 and 2 show embodiments of treatment plants known at the state of the art and described in the introduction of the present application;
Figure 3 shows an ozone treatment plant of the type known at the state of the art;
Figure 4 shows the scheme of a preferred embodiment of the plant according to the present invention;
Figure 5 shows some pictures showing the effect of the decolorizing effect of the ozone at various concentrations;
Figure 6 shows an outer view of the suction flange of the pump to be used in the treatment plant according to the present invention;
Figure 7 shows a section view of the same suction flange;
Figure 8 shows a section view of the plant section comprising the pump.
Description of the invention
As it is shown in figure 4, the plant object of the present invention comprises at least a pump (202) configured so that the fluid to be treated is sucked by means of a suction pipe (201) from a first sedimentation tank (204) . At the section of the suction flange (203) of the pump (202) [better described in the following] pipes (205) are connected by means of which reagents are let in the fluid to be treated according to what specified in the following. Conveniently the reagents in liquid or solid form (207) are pushed and metered by means of a peristaltic pump (206) or similar device.
The reagents in gaseous form (208) are instead pressure injected. In particular for the ozone injection pressurized oxygen is used as vector fluid.
The reagents and the fluid to be treated cross then the rotor of the pump (202) by which they are mixed vigorously. The pump (202) is in fact configured to carry out combined functions simultaneously such for example the transport of the fluid and the rapid and vigorous mixing, functional to the treatment of the contaminated fluid.
The suction flange (203) is realized so that it is provided with a series of holes (40) which allow its bolted junction, and with a plurality of injectors (indicated with reference number 31 to 34 in figure 7), each one connected to the supply line of one of the reagents. As said, on the reagents supply lines peristaltic pumps are provided which allow the single reagent to be metered, as needed. According to the just described arrangement, the injectors (30, 31, 32, 33, 34) which inject the single reagents are arranged at the same section. As it is shown in the section view of figure 8, the distance between the section of the suction flange (203) and the section of the rotor of the pump (201) is between 0 and 2 times the inner diameter of the suction pipe, and is preferably equal to about 1 time the diameter of the suction pipe. In this way, the various reagents enter the high mixing area caused by the rotor of the pump before the reactions between the single reagents and the contaminated fluid occur, and above all, it is avoided the possibility that inside the flow different reagent concentrations areas are created, in which two or more reagents can mix in a flov; region thus causing physical or chemical phenomena different from the ones wanted according to the treatment method, which is referred to reagent dosages with uniform concentration inside the flow. It is to be considered that this condition is usually obtained in laboratory but not in industrial scale plants, where the reagents dosage occur typically inside treatment tanks.
On the contrary, with the just described device the plant flow rates possible to treat, have no physical limitation, possibly using also modular plant systems. As a way of example, for industrial use the plants able to treat flow rates between 150 and 200 m3/h are particularly interesting, which cane be used also in modular way, by installing, where needed, a plurality of plants in parallel. The plant can be used for the treatment of urban waste water, industrial waste water and also for drinking water.
Once out of the pump (201), by means of a delivery pipe (210) the contaminated fluid, to which reagents have been added and mixed, is conveyed to a separation integrated system, configured to carry out more functions at the same time such for example the separation liquid-solid (reed valves settler and/or filter) and contact basin and recirculation .
In particular, in order that the plant can work in recirculation mode, when needed, it is needed that downstream of the separation integrated system a by-pass is provided which allows to recirculate the plant inlet flow.
In this way the flow can be treated more times, since it passes more times from the section in which the reagents are added and from the mixing section in the rotor of the pump. Obviously in the next passages only the reagents needed to improve the treatment level are integrated, typically the oxidants and disinfectants. In this configuration, for example, in the passages next to the first one the advanced oxidation can be activated through the in line injection of ozone and hydrogen peroxide. Another treatment mode, which can be activated, is to inject ozone and to treat with UV light (209) or, yet, to inject hydrogen peroxide and to treat with UV light (209) .
In the just described plant the contaminants present in the fluid and the disaggregated particles undergo a treatment due to their reactions with the reagents, which will be described with reference to the treatment method. Then the process residues, generally in sludge form (221) can be separated from the treated fluid.
Description of the treatment method As yet explained, one of the aims of the present invention is to provide a method for treatment of water which provides the simultaneous addition to the fluid to be treated of reagents at the liquid, solid and gaseous state in order to allow the provided coagulation, oxidation and disinfection reactions to occur with the best process efficiency .
In particular, as described, the reagents (coagulant, adsorbent, disinfectant, oxidant) are introduced in the flow at the suction flange of the pump, in known quantities with respect to the flow rate of the fluid to be treated.
In particular, the following reagents can be used, with the indication of reagent quantities used with reference to the fluid to be treated:
- aluminum polychloride (0 - 250 mg/L) ;
- activated carbon powder (0-10 mg/L),
- sodium hypochlorite (0-5 mg/L) ,
- ozone (0-4 mg/L)
- hydrogen peroxide (0-10 mg/mL)
- oxygen (0-40 mg/L) .
With respect to what known at the state of the art, the method according to the present invention uses (at least in some embodiments) also ozone, hydrogen T IT2015/000148 peroxide and oxygen injected in the fluid to be treated simultaneously with the other solid and liquid reagents, and it allows also the integration of a UV light source.
According to a first preferred embodiment the following reagents can be used, introduced in the contaminated fluid to be treated simultaneously and at the same plant section, arranged immediately close to the suction flange of the pump:
- coagulant agent: aluminum polychloride (0 - 205 mg/L) ;
adsorbent agent: powder activated carbon (0-10 mg/L) ,
disinfection agent: sodium hypochlorite (0-5 mg/L) ,
- oxidant/disinfectant : O3 (0-4 mg/L)
In particular, the concentrations of the various reagents expressed in the following are particularly efficient for the treatment:
- coagulant agent: aluminum polychloride (82-123 mg/L) ;
- adsorbent agent: powder activated carbon (2.5-7.5 mg/L) ,
disinfection agent: sodium hypochlorite (2-4 mg/L) , - oxidant/disinfectant : O3 (2-4 mg/L)
The just described combination allows to obtain optimum results in terms of disinfection, oxidation, sedimentation and adsorption.
The variables measured in order to evaluate the efficacy of the treatment [(in the in line treatment (not in recirculation) ] , such for example macro-descriptors of pollutant categories, were COD (mg/L02) , the microbial concentration of total coliforms (CFU/lOOmL) , the sludge volume (mL/L) , the concentration of phenols (mg/L) .
In the just described preferred embodiment, the results obtained by means of the treatment are described by the following values of analysis 5 parameters. In the following table it is shown the average load of pollutants in the plant inlet water .
Table 1 - average load of pollutants in the plant inlet water
Figure imgf000019_0001
The results obtained by means of the just described treatment were:
COD, removal average efficiency equal to 47% (secondary effect: improvement of biodegradability) - microbiology, inactivation average efficiency up to 4 log vs total coliforms (<100 UFC/lOOmL) and up to 2 log on E. Coli («10 UFC/lOOmL -» 0).
- production average volume of sludge, 15 mL/L
- average removal of organic pollutants such for example phenols in the order of 67%.
Moreover, the oxidation average efficacies of metals have been evaluated such for example Al, Mn, Fe and Zn, respectively equal to 74%, 48%, 79%, 80% and an oxidation average efficacy of the organic substance with mild dosages of 03 (max 3 mg/L) o about 10%.
The decolorizing and the odour removal efficiency of ozone at various dosages (0 - 3 mg/L) has been evaluated as well. In figure 5, it is shown an example of the inlet and treated water in pilot plant at various dosages of 03.
In addition to the just described reagents used, according to another preferred embodiment, H2O2 can be also used in quantities between 0 and 3 mg/L in order to obtain an advanced disinfection in recirculation mode. The hydrogen peroxide is metered in the fluid to be treated at the same section of the plant where the other reagents are introduced and according to similar modes.

Claims

1. Method for the treatment of a contaminated fluid, and in particular for the treatment of urban or industrial waste water, comprising the steps of: - suction of the fluid to be treated from a sedimentation tank (204) by means of a pump (202) metering in known concentrations, in the contaminated fluid to be treated:
- a coagulant agent ;
- an adsorbent agent;
- a disinfection agent;
characterized in that
said coagulant, adsorbent and disinfection agents are introduced in the fluid to be treated at the same section of the plant, arranged at the suction pipe of said pump (202), upstream of the suction flange of the pump at a distance from the section of the rotor of said pump between 0 and 2 times the diameter of the suction pipe
and in that
in said same plant section ozone is also metered in the contaminated fluid to be treated.
2. Method for the treatment of a contaminated fluid according to claim 1, characterized in that:
- said coagulant agent is aluminum polychloride, metered in concentrations (with respect to the fluid to be treated) between 0 and 105 uL/L;
- said adsorbent agent is powder activated carbon, metered in concentrations (with respect to the fluid to be treated) between 0 and 10 mg/L;
- said disinfection agent is sodium hypochlorite, metered in concentrations (with respect to the fluid to be treated) between 0 and 5 mg/L
and in that
the ozone is metered in concentrations between 0 and 4 mg/L.
3. Method for the treatment of a contaminated fluid according to claim 2, characterized in that the concentrations of said agents introduced in the fluid to be treated are the following:
coagulant agent: aluminum polychloride (82-123 mg/L);
- adsorbent agent: powder activated carbon (2.5-7.5 mg/L) ,
disinfection agent: sodium hypochlorite (2-4 mg/L) ,
- oxidant/disinfectant : O3 (2-4 mg/L)
4. Method for the treatment of a contaminated fluid according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that in addition to the enlisted reagents, hydrogen peroxide is also used, metered in the fluid to be treated at the same section of the plant where the other reagents are introduced, in quantities between 0 and 3 mg/L in order to obtain an advanced oxidation .
5. Plant for the treatment of a contaminated fluid by means of the method according to any one of the preceding claims, comprising:
- a loading and sedimentation tank (204);
- a centrifugal pump (202) configured to suck the fluid to be treated from said sedimentation tank by means of a suction pipe (201)
- an injection flange (203) engaged in said suction pipe comprising a plurality of injectors configured so that the liquid and/or solid reagents can be injected in said fluid to be treated
characterized in that said suction flange is arranged at a distance from the section of the rotor of the pump between 0 and 2 times the diameter of said suction pipe.
PCT/IT2015/000148 2015-06-03 2015-06-03 Apparatus and method for treatment of contaminated fluid WO2016194009A1 (en)

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CN112759132A (en) * 2020-12-31 2021-05-07 江苏懂醛检测技术有限公司 Water pollution regeneration system for rural pond
CN113754157A (en) * 2021-09-23 2021-12-07 水一方(上海)环保科技有限公司 Energy-concerving and environment-protective type swimming pool water processing system
EP4338826A1 (en) * 2022-09-15 2024-03-20 BAUER Spezialtiefbau GmbH Apparatus and method for mixing soft gel medium

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WO2014068211A2 (en) * 2012-11-05 2014-05-08 S.P.C.M. Sa Device for injecting then mixing polymer in a pipe carrying a solid particle suspension, and method implementing the device

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GB1477557A (en) * 1971-06-24 1977-06-22 Anglian Water Authority Process compositions and uses of silicate products
US20120211426A1 (en) * 2011-02-17 2012-08-23 Oronzo Santoro Method and system for treating a contaminated fluid
WO2014068211A2 (en) * 2012-11-05 2014-05-08 S.P.C.M. Sa Device for injecting then mixing polymer in a pipe carrying a solid particle suspension, and method implementing the device

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CN112759132A (en) * 2020-12-31 2021-05-07 江苏懂醛检测技术有限公司 Water pollution regeneration system for rural pond
CN113754157A (en) * 2021-09-23 2021-12-07 水一方(上海)环保科技有限公司 Energy-concerving and environment-protective type swimming pool water processing system
EP4338826A1 (en) * 2022-09-15 2024-03-20 BAUER Spezialtiefbau GmbH Apparatus and method for mixing soft gel medium

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