WO2016192403A1 - Method of preparing rice straw carbon-based fertilizer for reducing rice field greenhouse gas emission - Google Patents

Method of preparing rice straw carbon-based fertilizer for reducing rice field greenhouse gas emission Download PDF

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WO2016192403A1
WO2016192403A1 PCT/CN2016/072711 CN2016072711W WO2016192403A1 WO 2016192403 A1 WO2016192403 A1 WO 2016192403A1 CN 2016072711 W CN2016072711 W CN 2016072711W WO 2016192403 A1 WO2016192403 A1 WO 2016192403A1
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rice straw
based fertilizer
rice
straw carbon
carbon
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PCT/CN2016/072711
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French (fr)
Chinese (zh)
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袁小利
单胜道
李松
叶正钱
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浙江科技学院
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
    • C05F11/00—Other organic fertilisers
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
    • Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
    • Y02W30/40—Bio-organic fraction processing; Production of fertilisers from the organic fraction of waste or refuse

Definitions

  • the invention belongs to the technical field of biochar preparation, and particularly relates to a preparation method of rice straw carbon-based fertilizer for reducing greenhouse gas emissions in rice fields.
  • One of the objects of the present invention is to provide a rice straw carbon-based fertilizer which improves soil aeration and reduces CH 4 and N 2 O emissions, and a preparation method thereof, in view of the current problem of excessive greenhouse gas emissions.
  • the technical solution of the present invention is:
  • One aspect of the invention relates to a method for preparing a rice straw carbon-based fertilizer, which comprises the following steps:
  • the material obtained in the step (3) is ground and sieved to obtain a rice straw carbon-based fertilizer.
  • the biomass feedstock used is rice straw with or without the addition of other enzymes and/or microorganisms that promote fermentation.
  • the mixing ratio of the rice straw biomass raw material to water is 1:6 to 1:10.
  • the hydrothermal carbonization reaction pressure is from 1 MPa to 3 MPa.
  • step B the anaerobic condition is the isolation of air.
  • Another aspect of the invention relates to a rice straw carbon-based fertilizer prepared by the above development method.
  • the rice straw carbon-based fertilizer has a specific surface area of between 190 and 210 m 2 /g.
  • the rice straw carbon-based fertilizer has a pH of between 8 and 10.
  • the invention also relates to the use of the above-mentioned rice straw carbon-based fertilizer for reducing greenhouse gas emissions in rice fields.
  • the equipment used in the preparation of the rice straw carbon-based fertilizer has simple operation and low production cost, and is favorable for large-scale application of the rice straw carbon-based fertilizer.
  • the rice straw carbon-based fertilizer prepared by the invention has high specific surface area and is suitable for soil, and is beneficial for reducing greenhouse gas emissions in rice fields, thereby mitigating global climate change.
  • the material obtained in the step (3) is ground and passed through a 20 mesh sieve to obtain a rice straw carbon-based fertilizer A.
  • the yield of the rice straw carbon-based fertilizer for reducing greenhouse gas emissions obtained in this example was 69.5%, the pH value was 8.41, the specific surface area was 191.3 m 2 /g, and the total pore volume was 0.092 cm 3 /g.
  • F is the greenhouse gas emission flux, mg / (m 2 ⁇ h); ⁇ is the gas density under standard conditions, g / L; A is the bottom area of the box, m 2 ; h is the effective height of the box, m V is the effective space volume in the box, m 3 ; T is the gas temperature in the tank, ° C; ⁇ m is the mass change of the gas in the tank at ⁇ t time, mg; ⁇ c is the change amount of the gas in the tank at ⁇ t time, mg /L.
  • the cumulative emission of CH 4 was 7.68 mg/m 2 and the cumulative emission of N 2 O was 16.3 mg/m 2 , compared with crops that did not apply the rice straw-based fertilizer.
  • the cumulative emissions of N 2 O decreased by 5.3 mg / m 2 , indicating that the input of rice straw carbon fertilizer can reduce the emission flux of greenhouse gases CH 4 and N 2 O in rice fields.
  • the material obtained in the step (3) is ground and passed through a 20 mesh sieve to obtain a rice straw carbon-based fertilizer B.
  • the yield of the rice straw carbon-based fertilizer for reducing greenhouse gas emissions obtained in this example was 67.4%, the pH was 8.53, the specific surface area was 194.6 m 2 /g, and the total pore volume was 0.094 cm 3 /g.
  • the material obtained in the step (3) is ground and passed through a 20 mesh sieve to obtain a rice straw carbon-based fertilizer C.
  • the yield of the rice straw carbon-based fertilizer for reducing greenhouse gas emissions obtained in this example was 62.7%, the pH value was 8.67, the specific surface area was 198.3 m 2 /g, and the total pore volume was 0.097 cm 3 /g.
  • the material obtained in the step (3) is ground and passed through a 20 mesh sieve to obtain a rice straw carbon-based fertilizer D.
  • the yield of the rice straw carbon-based fertilizer for reducing greenhouse gas emissions obtained in this example was 59.6%, the pH was 8.66, the specific surface area was 203.3 m 2 /g, and the total pore volume was 0.100 cm 3 /g.
  • the material obtained in the step (3) is ground and passed through a 20 mesh sieve to obtain a rice straw carbon-based fertilizer E.
  • the yield of the rice straw carbon-based fertilizer for reducing greenhouse gas emissions obtained in this example was 55.4%, the pH was 8.78, the specific surface area was 208.1 m 2 /g, and the total pore volume was 0.100 cm 3 /g.

Abstract

The present invention relates to the technical field of biomass charcoal preparation, and particularly relates to a method of preparing a rice straw carbon-based fertilizer for reducing rice field greenhouse gas emission. By means of the present invention, a rice straw carbon-based fertilizer for reducing greenhouse gas emission is prepared by means of carbonization and assimilation of CO2 through a hydrothermal process.

Description

一种减少稻田温室气体排放的稻秸炭基肥料制备方法Preparation method of rice straw carbon-based fertilizer for reducing greenhouse gas emission in rice field 技术领域Technical field
本发明属于生物质炭制备技术领域，尤其涉及一种减少稻田温室气体排放的稻秸炭基肥料制备方法。The invention belongs to the technical field of biochar preparation, and particularly relates to a preparation method of rice straw carbon-based fertilizer for reducing greenhouse gas emissions in rice fields.
背景技术Background technique
温室气体的过量排放，已成为全球气候变暖及其所带来的一系列环境问题的重要根源。农业是温室气体的主要排放源之一，农业源温室气体排放占人类活动温室气体排放量的14％，其中CH4和N2O浓度的增加主要来源于农业活动，分别占CH4和N2O排放总量的52％和92.47％。稻田生态系统是全球CH4和N2O等温室气体的重要生物排放源，如何通过减少稻田土壤温室气体排放来减轻全球气候变暖日益成为国内外科学工作者们共同关注的话题。Excessive emissions of greenhouse gases have become an important source of global warming and a range of environmental problems. Agriculture is one of the main sources of greenhouse gas emissions. Agricultural sources account for 14% of greenhouse gas emissions from human activities. The increase in CH 4 and N 2 O concentrations is mainly due to agricultural activities, accounting for CH 4 and N 2 , respectively. The total amount of O emissions is 52% and 92.47%. Rice paddy ecosystem is an important biological source of greenhouse gases such as CH 4 and N 2 O. How to reduce global warming by reducing greenhouse gas emissions from paddy soil has become a topic of common concern for scientists at home and abroad.
现有技术中没有报道过将稻秸为原料的水热炭化，而且现有技术中所采用的热解炭化方法存在温度过高，能源消耗过大，不能适用于稻秸的处理。因此，本领域亟待一种处理稻秸的方法。In the prior art, hydrothermal carbonization using rice straw as a raw material has not been reported, and the pyrolysis carbonization method used in the prior art has an excessively high temperature and an excessive energy consumption, and cannot be applied to the treatment of rice straw. Therefore, there is a need in the art for a method of treating rice straw.
发明内容Summary of the invention
本发明的发明目的之一，在于针对当前温室气体过量排放的问题，提供一种改善土壤通气状况，减少CH4和N2O排放的稻秸炭基肥，及其制备方法。One of the objects of the present invention is to provide a rice straw carbon-based fertilizer which improves soil aeration and reduces CH 4 and N 2 O emissions, and a preparation method thereof, in view of the current problem of excessive greenhouse gas emissions.
为解决以上技术问题，本发明的技术方案是：In order to solve the above technical problems, the technical solution of the present invention is:
本发明一方面涉及一种稻秸炭基肥料制备方法，其特征在于：包括以下步骤，One aspect of the invention relates to a method for preparing a rice straw carbon-based fertilizer, which comprises the following steps:
(1)将稻秸生物质原料粉碎至60～100目；(1) crushing rice straw biomass raw materials to 60-100 mesh;
(2)将稻秸生物质原料与水混合，置入密封的水热炭化反应釜中，在无氧条件下，200～400r·min-1的转速下进行搅拌，在180～260℃恒温下反应3～ 5h；(2) mixing the rice straw biomass material with water, placing it in a sealed hydrothermal carbonization reactor, stirring under an anaerobic condition at a rotation speed of 200 to 400 r·min -1 , at a constant temperature of 180 to 260 ° C Reaction 3 ~ 5h;
(3)然后冷却至室温，用蒸馏水洗涤，干燥；(3) then cooled to room temperature, washed with distilled water, and dried;
(4)将步骤(3)得到的物质经过研磨，过筛，得到稻秸炭基肥料。(4) The material obtained in the step (3) is ground and sieved to obtain a rice straw carbon-based fertilizer.
在本发明的一个优选实施方式中，其特征在于：所用的生物质原料为水稻秸秆，添加或者不添加其它促进发酵的酶和/或微生物。In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the biomass feedstock used is rice straw with or without the addition of other enzymes and/or microorganisms that promote fermentation.
在本发明的一个优选实施方式中，其特征在于：稻秸生物质原料与水的混合比例为1:6～1:10。In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the mixing ratio of the rice straw biomass raw material to water is 1:6 to 1:10.
在本发明的一个优选实施方式中，其特征在于：水热炭化反应压强为1MPa～3MPa。In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the hydrothermal carbonization reaction pressure is from 1 MPa to 3 MPa.
在本发明的一个优选实施方式中，其特征在于：步骤B中，无氧条件为隔绝空气。In a preferred embodiment of the invention, characterized in that in step B, the anaerobic condition is the isolation of air.
本发明另一方面涉及上述开发方法做制备得到的稻秸炭基肥料。Another aspect of the invention relates to a rice straw carbon-based fertilizer prepared by the above development method.
在本发明的一个优选实施方式中，特征在于所述的稻秸炭基肥料比表面积介于190～210m2/g之间。In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the rice straw carbon-based fertilizer has a specific surface area of between 190 and 210 m 2 /g.
在本发明的一个优选实施方式中，其特征在于所述的稻秸炭基肥料pH值介于8～10之间。In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the rice straw carbon-based fertilizer has a pH of between 8 and 10.
本发明还涉及上述稻秸炭基肥料在减少稻田温室气体排放中的应用。The invention also relates to the use of the above-mentioned rice straw carbon-based fertilizer for reducing greenhouse gas emissions in rice fields.
本发明的有益效果是：The beneficial effects of the invention are:
本发明制备稻秸炭基肥采用的设备操作简单、生产成本较低，有利于稻秸炭基肥料的大规模应用。The equipment used in the preparation of the rice straw carbon-based fertilizer has simple operation and low production cost, and is favorable for large-scale application of the rice straw carbon-based fertilizer.
本发明制备的稻秸炭基肥比表面积高，适用于土壤，有利于减少稻田温室气体的排放，从而减缓全球气候变化。The rice straw carbon-based fertilizer prepared by the invention has high specific surface area and is suitable for soil, and is beneficial for reducing greenhouse gas emissions in rice fields, thereby mitigating global climate change.
具体实施方式detailed description
若未特别说明，实施例中所用的技术手段为本领域技术人员所熟知的常规 手段。The technical means used in the examples are conventionally known to those skilled in the art unless otherwise specified. means.
实施例1Example 1
一种减少稻田温室气体排放的稻秸炭基肥料制备方法，包括以下步骤：A method for preparing a rice straw carbon-based fertilizer for reducing greenhouse gas emissions in a rice field comprises the following steps:
(1)将稻秸生物质原料粉碎至60目；(1) crushing rice straw biomass raw materials to 60 mesh;
(2)将稻秸生物质原料与水按1:8混合；(2) mixing the rice straw biomass material with water at 1:8;
(3)将混合后的稻秸生物质原料与水，置入密封的水热炭化反应釜中，在无氧条件下，200r·min-1的转速下进行搅拌，在180℃恒温下反应5h；(3) Put the mixed rice straw biomass raw material and water into a sealed hydrothermal carbonization reactor, stir under an anaerobic condition at a rotation speed of 200 r·min -1 , and react at a constant temperature of 180 ° C for 5 h. ;
(4)然后冷却至室温，用蒸馏水洗涤，在105℃下干燥12h；(4) then cooled to room temperature, washed with distilled water, dried at 105 ° C for 12 h;
(5)将步骤(3)得到的物质经过研磨，过20目筛，得到稻秸炭基肥料A。(5) The material obtained in the step (3) is ground and passed through a 20 mesh sieve to obtain a rice straw carbon-based fertilizer A.
本实例得到的减少温室气体排放的稻秸炭基肥产率为69.5％，pH值为8.41，比表面积191.3m2/g，总孔容积0.092cm3/g。The yield of the rice straw carbon-based fertilizer for reducing greenhouse gas emissions obtained in this example was 69.5%, the pH value was 8.41, the specific surface area was 191.3 m 2 /g, and the total pore volume was 0.092 cm 3 /g.
此外，按每公顷20t的稻秸炭基肥料A施用于稻田，温室气体通过密封静态箱法采集样品。样品采用岛津GC-12A气相色谱仪同时测定样品中CH4和N2O气体含量，氢火焰离子化检测器温度为200℃，分离柱温度为80℃，采用高纯N2作为载气。温室气体排放通量计算公式如下：In addition, 20 t of rice straw carbon-based fertilizer A per hectare was applied to rice fields, and greenhouse gases were collected by a sealed static chamber method. The samples were simultaneously measured for CH 4 and N 2 O gas contents using a Shimadzu GC-12A gas chromatograph. The hydrogen flame ionization detector temperature was 200 ° C, the separation column temperature was 80 ° C, and high purity N 2 was used as the carrier gas. The calculation formula for greenhouse gas emission flux is as follows:
F＝Δm/A×ΔtF=Δm/A×Δt
＝273/(273+T)×ρ×V×Δc/A×Δt=273/(273+T)×ρ×V×Δc/A×Δt
F为温室气体的排放通量，mg/(m2·h)；ρ为在标准状况下气体密度，g/L；A为箱体底面积，m2；h为箱体的有效高度，m；V为箱内有效空间体积，m3；T为箱内气体温度，℃；Δm为Δt时间里箱内气体的质量变化量，mg；Δc为Δt时间里箱内气体的浓度变化量，mg/L。通过气样浓度与时间的关系曲线，计算出温室气体的排放通量，采用加权平均法获得生长期内温室气体的累积排放量，mg/m2。F is the greenhouse gas emission flux, mg / (m 2 · h); ρ is the gas density under standard conditions, g / L; A is the bottom area of the box, m 2 ; h is the effective height of the box, m V is the effective space volume in the box, m 3 ; T is the gas temperature in the tank, ° C; Δm is the mass change of the gas in the tank at Δt time, mg; Δc is the change amount of the gas in the tank at Δt time, mg /L. Through the curve of the concentration of gas sample and time, the emission flux of greenhouse gases was calculated, and the cumulative emission of greenhouse gases during the growth period was obtained by weighted average method, mg/m 2 .
3个月后(即水稻的一个生长期)，CH4累积排放量为7.68mg/m2，N2O累积排放量为16.3mg/m2，与不施用该稻秸炭基肥料的作物相比，CH4累积排放量减少0.56mg/m2，N2O累积排放量减少5.3mg/m2，说明稻秸炭基肥的输入可降低稻田温室气体CH4和N2O的排放通量。 After 3 months (ie, a growing season of rice), the cumulative emission of CH 4 was 7.68 mg/m 2 and the cumulative emission of N 2 O was 16.3 mg/m 2 , compared with crops that did not apply the rice straw-based fertilizer. Compared with the cumulative emission of CH 4 decreased by 0.56 mg / m 2 , the cumulative emissions of N 2 O decreased by 5.3 mg / m 2 , indicating that the input of rice straw carbon fertilizer can reduce the emission flux of greenhouse gases CH 4 and N 2 O in rice fields.
实施例2Example 2
一种减少稻田温室气体排放的稻秸炭基肥料制备方法，包括以下步骤：A method for preparing a rice straw carbon-based fertilizer for reducing greenhouse gas emissions in a rice field comprises the following steps:
(1)将稻秸生物质原料粉碎至80目；(1) crushing rice straw biomass raw materials to 80 mesh;
(2)将稻秸生物质原料与水按1:8混合；(2) mixing the rice straw biomass material with water at 1:8;
(3)将混合后的稻秸生物质原料与水，置入密封的水热炭化反应釜中，在无氧条件下，250r·min-1的转速下进行搅拌，在200℃恒温下反应4h；(3) Put the mixed rice straw biomass raw material and water into a sealed hydrothermal carbonization reactor, stir under an anaerobic condition at a speed of 250 r·min -1 , and react at a constant temperature of 200 ° C for 4 h. ;
(4)然后冷却至室温，用蒸馏水洗涤，在105℃下干燥12h；(4) then cooled to room temperature, washed with distilled water, dried at 105 ° C for 12 h;
(5)将步骤(3)得到的物质经过研磨，过20目筛，得到稻秸炭基肥料B。(5) The material obtained in the step (3) is ground and passed through a 20 mesh sieve to obtain a rice straw carbon-based fertilizer B.
本实例得到的减少温室气体排放的稻秸炭基肥产率为67.4％，pH值为8.53，比表面积194.6m2/g，总孔容积0.094cm3/g。The yield of the rice straw carbon-based fertilizer for reducing greenhouse gas emissions obtained in this example was 67.4%, the pH was 8.53, the specific surface area was 194.6 m 2 /g, and the total pore volume was 0.094 cm 3 /g.
此外，按每公顷20t的稻秸炭基肥料B施用于稻田，气体采集及计算方法同上，3个月后(即水稻的一个生长期)，CH4累积排放量为7.64mg/m2，N2O累积排放量为16.25mg/m2，与不施用该稻秸炭基肥料的作物相比，CH4累积排放量减少0.58mg/m2，N2O累积排放量减少5.33mg/m2，说明稻秸炭基肥的输入可降低稻田温室气体CH4和N2O的排放通量。In addition, 20 tons of rice straw carbon-based fertilizer B per hectare is applied to rice fields. The gas collection and calculation method is the same as above. After 3 months (ie, a growing season of rice), the cumulative emission of CH 4 is 7.64 mg/m 2 ,N The cumulative emission of 2 O was 16.25 mg/m 2 , and the cumulative emission of CH 4 was reduced by 0.58 mg/m 2 and the cumulative emission of N 2 O was reduced by 5.33 mg/m 2 compared with the crop without applying the rice straw carbon-based fertilizer. It indicates that the input of rice straw carbon fertilizer can reduce the emission flux of greenhouse gases CH 4 and N 2 O in rice fields.
实施例3Example 3
一种减少稻田温室气体排放的稻秸炭基肥料制备方法，包括以下步骤：A method for preparing a rice straw carbon-based fertilizer for reducing greenhouse gas emissions in a rice field comprises the following steps:
(1)将稻秸生物质原料粉碎至100目；(1) crushing rice straw biomass raw materials to 100 mesh;
(2)将稻秸生物质原料与水按1:6混合；(2) mixing the rice straw biomass material with water at 1:6;
(3)将混合后的稻秸生物质原料与水，置入密封的水热炭化反应釜中，在无氧条件下，300r·min-1的转速下进行搅拌，在220℃恒温下反应3h；(3) Put the mixed rice straw biomass raw material and water into a sealed hydrothermal carbonization reactor, stir under an anaerobic condition at a rotation speed of 300 r·min -1 , and react at a constant temperature of 220 ° C for 3 h. ;
(4)然后冷却至室温，用蒸馏水洗涤，在105℃下干燥12h；(4) then cooled to room temperature, washed with distilled water, dried at 105 ° C for 12 h;
(5)将步骤(3)得到的物质经过研磨，过20目筛，得到稻秸炭基肥料C。(5) The material obtained in the step (3) is ground and passed through a 20 mesh sieve to obtain a rice straw carbon-based fertilizer C.
本实例得到的减少温室气体排放的稻秸炭基肥产率为62.7％，pH值为8.67，比表面积198.3m2/g，总孔容积0.097cm3/g。The yield of the rice straw carbon-based fertilizer for reducing greenhouse gas emissions obtained in this example was 62.7%, the pH value was 8.67, the specific surface area was 198.3 m 2 /g, and the total pore volume was 0.097 cm 3 /g.
此外，按每公顷20t的稻秸炭基肥料C施用于稻田，气体采集及计算方法同上，3个月后(即水稻的一个生长期)，CH4累积排放量为7.59mg/m2，N2O 累积排放量为16.13mg/m2，与不施用该稻秸炭基肥料的作物相比，CH4累积排放量减少0.63mg/m2，N2O累积排放量减少5.46mg/m2，说明稻秸炭基肥的输入可降低稻田温室气体CH4和N2O的排放通量。In addition, 20 tons of rice straw carbon-based fertilizer C per hectare is applied to rice fields. The gas collection and calculation method is the same as above. After 3 months (ie, a growing season of rice), the cumulative emission of CH 4 is 7.59 mg/m 2 ,N 2 O cumulative emissions of 16.13mg / m 2, as compared to not administering the straw rice crops carbon based fertilizer, CH 4 cumulative emissions reduction 0.63mg / m 2, N 2 O emissions by cumulative 5.46mg / m 2 It indicates that the input of rice straw carbon fertilizer can reduce the emission flux of greenhouse gases CH 4 and N 2 O in rice fields.
实施例4Example 4
一种减少稻田温室气体排放的稻秸炭基肥料制备方法，包括以下步骤：A method for preparing a rice straw carbon-based fertilizer for reducing greenhouse gas emissions in a rice field comprises the following steps:
(1)将稻秸生物质原料粉碎至80目；(1) crushing rice straw biomass raw materials to 80 mesh;
(2)将稻秸生物质原料与水按1:6混合；(2) mixing the rice straw biomass material with water at 1:6;
(3)将混合后的稻秸生物质原料与水，置入密封的水热炭化反应釜中，在无氧条件下，350r·min-1的转速下进行搅拌，在240℃恒温下反应2h；(3) The mixed rice straw biomass raw material and water are placed in a sealed hydrothermal carbonization reactor, stirred under an anaerobic condition at a rotational speed of 350 r·min -1 , and reacted at a constant temperature of 240 ° C for 2 h. ;
(4)然后冷却至室温，用蒸馏水洗涤，在105℃下干燥12h；(4) then cooled to room temperature, washed with distilled water, dried at 105 ° C for 12 h;
(5)将步骤(3)得到的物质经过研磨，过20目筛，得到稻秸炭基肥料D。(5) The material obtained in the step (3) is ground and passed through a 20 mesh sieve to obtain a rice straw carbon-based fertilizer D.
本实例得到的减少温室气体排放的稻秸炭基肥产率为59.6％，pH值为8.66，比表面积203.3m2/g，总孔容积0.100cm3/g。The yield of the rice straw carbon-based fertilizer for reducing greenhouse gas emissions obtained in this example was 59.6%, the pH was 8.66, the specific surface area was 203.3 m 2 /g, and the total pore volume was 0.100 cm 3 /g.
此外，按每公顷20t的稻秸炭基肥料D施用于稻田，气体采集及计算方法同上，3个月后(即水稻的一个生长期)，CH4累积排放量为7.48mg/m2，N2O累积排放量为16.05mg/m2，与不施用该稻秸炭基肥料的作物相比，CH4累积排放量减少0.73mg/m2，N2O累积排放量减少5.52mg/m2，说明稻秸炭基肥的输入可降低稻田温室气体CH4和N2O的排放通量。In addition, 20 tons of rice straw carbon-based fertilizer D per hectare is applied to rice fields. The gas collection and calculation method is the same as above. After 3 months (ie, a growing season of rice), the cumulative emission of CH 4 is 7.48 mg/m 2 ,N The cumulative emission of 2 O was 16.05 mg/m 2 , and the cumulative emission of CH 4 was reduced by 0.73 mg/m 2 and the cumulative emission of N 2 O was decreased by 5.52 mg/m 2 compared with the crop without applying the straw-based carbon-based fertilizer. It indicates that the input of rice straw carbon fertilizer can reduce the emission flux of greenhouse gases CH 4 and N 2 O in rice fields.
实施例5Example 5
一种减少稻田温室气体排放的稻秸炭基肥料制备方法，包括以下步骤：A method for preparing a rice straw carbon-based fertilizer for reducing greenhouse gas emissions in a rice field comprises the following steps:
(1)将稻秸生物质原料粉碎至60目；(1) crushing rice straw biomass raw materials to 60 mesh;
(2)将稻秸生物质原料与水按1:6混合；(2) mixing the rice straw biomass material with water at 1:6;
(3)将混合后的稻秸生物质原料与水，置入密封的水热炭化反应釜中，在无氧条件下，400r·min-1的转速下进行搅拌，在260℃恒温下反应2h；(3) Put the mixed rice straw biomass raw material and water into a sealed hydrothermal carbonization reactor, stir under an anaerobic condition at a speed of 400 r·min -1 , and react at a constant temperature of 260 ° C for 2 h. ;
(4)然后冷却至室温，用蒸馏水洗涤，在105℃下干燥12h；(4) then cooled to room temperature, washed with distilled water, dried at 105 ° C for 12 h;
(5)将步骤(3)得到的物质经过研磨，过20目筛，得到稻秸炭基肥料E。(5) The material obtained in the step (3) is ground and passed through a 20 mesh sieve to obtain a rice straw carbon-based fertilizer E.
本实例得到的减少温室气体排放的稻秸炭基肥产率为55.4％，pH值为 8.78，比表面积208.1m2/g，总孔容积0.100cm3/g。The yield of the rice straw carbon-based fertilizer for reducing greenhouse gas emissions obtained in this example was 55.4%, the pH was 8.78, the specific surface area was 208.1 m 2 /g, and the total pore volume was 0.100 cm 3 /g.
此外，按每公顷20t的稻秸炭基肥料E施用于稻田，气体采集及计算方法同上，3个月后(即水稻的一个生长期)，CH4累积排放量为7.42mg/m2，N2O累积排放量为16.0mg/m2，与不施用该稻秸炭基肥料的作物相比，CH4累积排放量减少0.78mg/m2，N2O累积排放量减少5.5mg/m2，说明稻秸炭基肥的输入可降低稻田温室气体CH4和N2O的排放通量。In addition, 20 tons of rice straw carbon-based fertilizer E per hectare is applied to rice fields. The gas collection and calculation method is the same as above. After 3 months (ie, a growing season of rice), the cumulative emission of CH 4 is 7.42 mg/m 2 , N 2 O cumulative emissions of 16.0mg / m 2, as compared to not administering the straw rice crops carbon based fertilizer, CH 4 cumulative emissions reduction 0.78mg / m 2, N 2 O emissions by cumulative 5.5mg / m 2 It indicates that the input of rice straw carbon fertilizer can reduce the emission flux of greenhouse gases CH 4 and N 2 O in rice fields.
以上所述是本发明的优选实施例，应当指出，对于本技术领域的普通技术人员来说，在不脱离本发明所述原理的前提下，还可以作出若干改进和润饰，这些改进和润饰也应视为本发明的保护范围。 The above is a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that those skilled in the art can also make several improvements and retouchings without departing from the principles of the present invention. It should be considered as the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims (9)

  1. 一种稻秸炭基肥料制备方法，其特征在于：包括以下步骤，Method for preparing rice straw carbon-based fertilizer, comprising: the following steps,
    (1)将稻秸生物质原料粉碎至60～100目；(1) crushing rice straw biomass raw materials to 60-100 mesh;
    (2)将稻秸生物质原料与水混合，置入密封的水热炭化反应釜中，在无氧条件下，200～400r·min-1的转速下进行搅拌，在180～260℃恒温下反应3～5h；(2) mixing the rice straw biomass material with water, placing it in a sealed hydrothermal carbonization reactor, stirring under an anaerobic condition at a rotation speed of 200 to 400 r·min -1 , at a constant temperature of 180 to 260 ° C Reaction 3 ~ 5h;
    (3)然后冷却至室温，用蒸馏水洗涤，干燥；(3) then cooled to room temperature, washed with distilled water, and dried;
    (4)将步骤(3)得到的物质经过研磨，过筛，得到稻秸炭基肥料。(4) The material obtained in the step (3) is ground and sieved to obtain a rice straw carbon-based fertilizer.
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的稻秸炭基肥料制备方法，其特征在于：所用的生物质原料为水稻秸秆，添加或者不添加其它促进发酵的酶和/或微生物。The method for preparing a rice straw carbon-based fertilizer according to claim 1, wherein the biomass raw material used is rice straw, with or without other enzymes and/or microorganisms for promoting fermentation.
  3. 根据权利要求1所述稻秸炭基肥料制备方法，其特征在于：稻秸生物质原料与水的混合比例为1:6～1:10。The method for preparing a rice straw carbon-based fertilizer according to claim 1, wherein the mixing ratio of the straw straw biomass material to water is 1:6 to 1:10.
  4. 根据权利要求1所述稻秸炭基肥料制备方法，其特征在于：水热炭化反应压强为1MPa～3MPa。The method for preparing a rice straw carbon-based fertilizer according to claim 1, wherein the hydrothermal carbonization reaction pressure is from 1 MPa to 3 MPa.
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的稻秸炭基肥料制备方法，其特征在于：步骤B中，无氧条件为隔绝空气。The method for preparing a rice straw carbon-based fertilizer according to claim 1, wherein in the step B, the anaerobic condition is air isolation.
  6. 权利要求1-4任意一项开发方法做制备得到的稻秸炭基肥料。The rice straw carbon-based fertilizer prepared by the development method according to any one of claims 1 to 4.
  7. 根据权利要求5所述的稻秸炭基肥料，其特征在于所述的稻秸炭基肥料比表面积介于190～210m2/g之间。The rice straw carbon-based fertilizer according to claim 5, wherein the rice straw carbon-based fertilizer has a specific surface area of between 190 and 210 m 2 /g.
  8. 根据权利要求7或8所述的稻秸炭基肥料，其特征在于所述的稻秸炭基肥料pH值介于8～10之间。The rice straw carbon-based fertilizer according to claim 7 or 8, wherein the rice straw carbon-based fertilizer has a pH of between 8 and 10.
  9. 权利要求7-9任意一项所述的稻秸炭基肥料在减少稻田温室气体排放中的应用。 Use of the rice straw carbon-based fertilizer according to any one of claims 7-9 for reducing greenhouse gas emissions in rice fields.
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