WO2016188193A1 - 一种隔离器 - Google Patents

一种隔离器 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2016188193A1
WO2016188193A1 PCT/CN2016/076257 CN2016076257W WO2016188193A1 WO 2016188193 A1 WO2016188193 A1 WO 2016188193A1 CN 2016076257 W CN2016076257 W CN 2016076257W WO 2016188193 A1 WO2016188193 A1 WO 2016188193A1
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Prior art keywords
isolator
cavity
microstrip line
pcb
cylindrical hole
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PCT/CN2016/076257
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English (en)
French (fr)
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王辉
曹国祥
赵青
杨竹溪
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华为技术有限公司
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Publication of WO2016188193A1 publication Critical patent/WO2016188193A1/zh

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01P—WAVEGUIDES; RESONATORS, LINES, OR OTHER DEVICES OF THE WAVEGUIDE TYPE
    • H01P1/00—Auxiliary devices
    • H01P1/32—Non-reciprocal transmission devices
    • H01P1/36—Isolators
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01P—WAVEGUIDES; RESONATORS, LINES, OR OTHER DEVICES OF THE WAVEGUIDE TYPE
    • H01P1/00—Auxiliary devices
    • H01P1/32—Non-reciprocal transmission devices
    • H01P1/38—Circulators

Definitions

  • the present application relates to the field of wireless communication technologies, and in particular, to an isolator.
  • the isolator is an indispensable part of the microwave outdoor unit.
  • the isolator functions as inter-stage isolation, crosstalk prevention, impedance matching, etc.
  • the isolator also needs to face small volume requirements.
  • waveguide isolators, drop-in isolators, microstrip filters, and surface-mount isolators it is found that isolator-like isolators are the optimal implementation of small-sized microwave outdoor units, but similar
  • the surface mount isolator needs to be soldered to a printed circuit board (PCB).
  • FIG. 1 An example of a surface mount isolator is shown in FIG. 1 , which includes a cavity on which a load chip is fixed, and a first microwave ferrite, a center conductor, a second microwave ferrite, and a magnetic field are sequentially disposed in the cavity. a sheet, a permanent magnet and a temperature compensating sheet; the end of the cavity is covered with a magnetic circuit board, and the two pins of the central conductor extend through the port on the cavity to the outside of the cavity and are bent into a step along the wall of the cavity, The end is in the same plane as the bottom surface of the cavity, and the other pin is connected to the load chip.
  • the surface mount isolator is a separate device, when using the surface mount isolator, it needs to be soldered to the PCB through Surface Mount Technology (SMT). When soldering, grounding, reference layer matching, etc. are easy to occur. Problem, these problems can cause the performance of the isolator to deteriorate.
  • SMT Surface Mount Technology
  • embodiments of the present invention provide an isolator capable of avoiding soldering while satisfying a small volume, thereby avoiding deterioration of the performance of the isolator caused by soldering.
  • the isolator provided by the embodiment of the invention includes a cavity in which a printed circuit board PCB etched with a transmission microstrip line is placed, and the PCB further has a main circuit, and the isolator is used for the main The forward signal on the circuit is transmitted, and the reverse signal is isolated.
  • the cavity is covered with a shielding cover, and the shielding cover has a cylindrical hole protruding outward, and the cylindrical hole is located at the transmission microstrip line Directly above, the transmission microstrip line has ferrites, permanent magnets, and screw plugs that are sequentially placed through the cylindrical holes.
  • the transmission microstrip line has three ports, and the three ports are distributed at 120 degrees.
  • a matching load is connected to any one of the three ports.
  • the plug is affixed with an elastic material for absorbing the tolerances produced by the various components of the isolator.
  • the screw plug is made of a metal material or a plastic material.
  • the transmission microstrip line is directly etched on the PCB having the main circuit, and the PCB is directly placed in the cavity of the isolator, and the ferrite and the permanent magnet are placed in the cylindrical hole through the convex cover of the shielding cover.
  • the isolator function is realized above the strip line, and the ferrite and the permanent magnet are tightly crimped by the screw plug.
  • the above implantable design ensures solder-free soldering between the isolator and the PCB, thereby avoiding deterioration of the isolator performance due to soldering. .
  • Figure 1 is a schematic structural view of a surface mount isolator
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of an isolator according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a microstrip transmission line according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of signal flow in an isolator according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 5 is another schematic diagram of signal flow in an isolator according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • Embodiments of the present invention provide an isolator capable of avoiding soldering while satisfying a small volume, thereby preventing soldering from deteriorating performance of the isolator.
  • the isolator of the embodiment includes a cavity 1 in which a PCB with a transmission microstrip line 2 is placed, and a main circuit (not shown) is also disposed on the PCB.
  • the isolator is used for transmitting the forward signal on the main circuit, and the reverse signal is isolated.
  • the cavity 1 is covered with a shielding cover 3, and the shielding cover 3 has a cylindrical hole protruding outward, and the cylindrical hole is located on the PCB for corrosion transmission.
  • the transmission microstrip line 2 has ferrites 4, permanent magnets 5, and screw plugs 6 which are sequentially placed through the cylindrical holes.
  • the cavity 1 and the shielding cover 3 can be fixed by screws, and the shielding cover 3 is mainly used to prevent signals from leaking through the space to affect the peripheral circuits.
  • the ferrite 4 and the permanent magnet 5 may be previously adhered to each other by a specific glue, and then placed directly above the transmission microstrip line 2 through the cylindrical hole of the shield cover 3.
  • the input port and output port of the transmission microstrip line 2 can be assigned corresponding microstrip nodes for matching circuits to optimize electrical performance.
  • the screw plug 6 of the embodiment can also be affixed with an elastic material 7 for adsorbing tolerances generated by the respective components of the separator.
  • the tolerance value of the elastic material to be adsorbed may be calculated by tolerance simulation, and the elastic material having a suitable compression amount may be selected according to the tolerance value of the adsorption.
  • the screw plug 6 of the present embodiment may be made of a metal material or a plastic material or the like, and is not specifically limited herein.
  • the transported microstrip line 2 on the PCB can be as shown in FIG. 3, having three ports, port 1, port 2 and port 3. The three ports are distributed at 120 degrees and the isolator is a three-port isolator.
  • the signal flow in the isolator can be as shown in Figure 4.
  • the PCB 2 When the isolator of this embodiment is used for the transmission link or the receiving link of the frequency division system, the PCB 2 is rotted.
  • the eclipse transmission microstrip line can still be as shown in Figure 3, but a matching load needs to be connected to any of the three ports, which becomes a two-port isolator.
  • the signal flow in the isolator can be as shown in Figure 5.
  • the isolator When the isolator is used for the transmit link, the signal is input from port 1, and the slave hub transmits the center ring of the microstrip line. 2 output enters the filter; when the isolator is used to receive the link, the signal is input from port 2, and the output from port 1 enters the low noise amplifier.
  • the signal transmission loss is minimal.
  • the isolator is used for the transmit link, the signal is output from port 2 and output from port 1 to the filter, or if the isolator is used to receive the link, the signal is input from port 1 and output from port 2, then the signal is transmitted.
  • the loss is large, in which case the signal may be suppressed by more than 20db.
  • the isolator of this embodiment is applicable not only to the microwave frequency band but also to the frequency band of less than 3 GHz.
  • the transmission microstrip line is directly etched on the PCB having the main circuit, and the PCB is directly placed in the cavity of the isolator, and the ferrite and the permanent magnet are placed in the transmission microstrip through the convex hole of the shielding cover.
  • the isolator function is realized above the line, and the ferrite and the permanent magnet are tightly crimped by the screw plug.
  • the above implantable design ensures soldering between the isolator and the PCB, thereby avoiding the deterioration of the isolator performance caused by the soldering.
  • the elastic material capable of adsorbing the tolerances generated by the various components of the isolator is adhered to the screw plug, thereby avoiding the need to adjust the tolerance of the isolator later, that is, in the embodiment, the elastic material with tolerance design is realized.
  • the isolator is free of tune.

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Abstract

本发明实施例公开了一种隔离器，包括腔体，腔体内放置了腐蚀有传输微带线的印刷电路板PCB，PCB上还具有主电路，隔离器用于对主电路上的正向信号进行传输，反向信号进行隔离，腔体上覆盖有屏蔽盖，屏蔽盖具有向外凸出的圆柱孔，圆柱孔位于传输微带线的正上方，传输微带线上具有通过圆柱孔依次置入的铁氧体、永磁体及螺塞。本发明实施例能够在满足小体积的同时，避免焊接。

Description

一种隔离器
本申请要求于2015年5月28日提交中国专利局、申请号为201510282398.7、发明名称为“一种隔离器”的中国专利申请的优先权，其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。
技术领域
本申请涉及无线通信技术领域，尤其涉及一种隔离器。
背景技术
随着微波通讯技术的不断发展，微波室外单元应用越来越广泛。面对生产成本与人力成本等压力，对于微波室外单元的体积提出了越来越高的要求。隔离器作为微波室外单元中不可或缺的部分，隔离器起到了级间隔离、防止串扰、阻抗匹配等作用，隔离器同样需要面对小体积的要求。通过对波导隔离器、落入式隔离器、微带滤波器、表贴式隔离器等不同方案进行研究发现，类似表贴形式的隔离器为微波室外单元小体积的最优实现方案，但类似表贴形式的隔离器需要与印刷电路板(Printed circuit board，PCB)焊接连接。
表贴式隔离器的一个示例如图1所示，包括腔体，腔体上固定有负载芯片，腔体内依次放置有第一微波铁氧体、中心导体、第二微波铁氧体、匀磁片、永磁体和温度补偿片；腔体的口端盖有磁路板，中心导体的两个引脚穿过腔体上的端口延伸至腔体之外沿腔体壁折弯成台阶状，其端部与腔体底面位于同一平面，另一引脚与负载芯片连接。因为表贴隔离器是一个单独的器件，所以当使用表贴隔离器时，需要将其与PCB通过表面贴装技术(Surface Mount Technology，SMT)焊接连接，焊接时容易出现接地、参考层配合等问题，这些问题会导致隔离器性能恶化。
发明内容
有鉴于此，本发明实施例提供了一种隔离器，能够在满足小体积的同时，避免焊接，从而避免焊接导致隔离器性能恶化。
本发明实施例提供的隔离器包括腔体，所述腔体内放置了腐蚀有传输微带线的印刷电路板PCB，所述PCB上还具有主电路，所述隔离器用于对所述主 电路上的正向信号进行传输，反向信号进行隔离，所述腔体上覆盖有屏蔽盖，所述屏蔽盖具有向外凸出的圆柱孔，所述圆柱孔位于所述传输微带线的正上方，所述传输微带线上具有通过所述圆柱孔依次置入的铁氧体、永磁体及螺塞。
可选地，所述传输微带线具有三个端口，三个端口呈120度分布。
可选地，所述三个端口中的任意一个端口上连接有匹配负载。
可选地，所述螺塞上粘贴有弹性材料，所述弹性材料用于吸附所述隔离器的各个部件产生的公差。
可选地，所述螺塞由金属材料或塑料材料制成。
从以上技术方案可以看出，本发明实施例具有以下优点：
本发明实施例中，将传输微带线直接腐蚀在具有主电路的PCB上，PCB直接放置在隔离器的腔体内，将铁氧体、永磁体通过屏蔽盖外凸的圆柱孔放置在传输微带线上方实现隔离器功能，并且通过螺塞保证铁氧体、永磁体压接紧密，通过以上植入式的设计保证了隔离器与PCB之间免焊接，从而避免了焊接导致隔离器性能恶化。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本发明实施例的技术方案，下面将对本发明实施例中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面描述中的附图仅仅是本发明的一些实施例，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动的前提下，还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。
图1为表贴式隔离器的一个结构示意图；
图2为本发明实施例隔离器的一个结构示意图；
图3为本发明实施例微带传输线的一个结构示意图；
图4为本发明实施例隔离器内的信号流向一个示意图；
图5为本发明实施例隔离器内的信号流向另一示意图。
具体实施方式
下面将结合本发明实施例中的附图，对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行描述，显然，所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获 得的所有其他实施例，都属于本发明保护的范围。
本发明实施例提供了一种隔离器，能够在满足小体积的同时，避免焊接，从而避免焊接导致隔离器性能恶化。
请参阅图2，本实施例的隔离器包括腔体1，腔体1内放置了腐蚀有传输微带线2的PCB，PCB上还具有主电路(图中未示处)，本实施例的隔离器用于对主电路上的正向信号进行传输，反向信号进行隔离，腔体1上覆盖有屏蔽盖3，屏蔽盖3具有向外凸出的圆柱孔，圆柱孔位于PCB上腐蚀的传输微带线2的正上方，传输微带线2上具有通过圆柱孔依次置入的铁氧体4、永磁体5及螺塞6。
其中，腔体1与屏蔽盖3之间可以通过螺钉固定，屏蔽盖3主要用来防止信号通过空间泄露影响周边电路。铁氧体4与永磁体5之间可以通过特定胶水预先粘连在一块，然后通过屏蔽盖3的圆柱孔放入到传输微带线2的正上方。在传输微带线2的输入端口、输出端口可以分配有相应的微带枝节，以用于匹配电路实现电气性能的优化。
另外，本实施例的螺塞6上还可以粘贴有弹性材料7，弹性材料7用于吸附隔离器的各个部件产生的公差。具体地，在选择弹性材料7时，可以先通过容差仿真计算弹性材料需要吸附的公差值，根据需要吸附的公差值选择具有合适压缩量的弹性材料。本实施例的螺塞6可以由金属材料或塑料材料等制成，此处不做具体限定。
当本实施例的隔离器用于时分系统的发射链路和接收链路时，PCB上腐蚀的传输微带线2可如图3所示，具有三个端口，端口1、端口2及端口3，三个端口呈120度分布，该隔离器为三端口隔离器。隔离器中的信号流向可如图4所示，当隔离器用于发射链路时，接收链路处于关闭状态，此时信号从端口1输入，经传输微带线的中心圆环后从端口2输出到双工器；当隔离器用于接收链路时，发射链路处于关闭状态，此时信号从端口2输入，从端口3输出进入低噪放，这种情况下信号传输损耗最小。反过来，如果隔离器用于发射链路时，信号从端口3输入后从端口2输处到双工器，或者如果隔离器用于接收链路时，信号从端口2输入后从端口1输出，则信号传输损耗较大，这种情况下，信号可能被抑制20db以上。
当本实施例的隔离器用于频分系统的发射链路或接收链路时，PCB 2上腐 蚀的传输微带线可仍如图3所示，但需要在三个端口中的任意一个端口上连接匹配负载，该隔离器变为二端口隔离器。以端口3上连接匹配负载为例，隔离器中的信号流向可如图5所示，当隔离器用于发射链路时，信号从端口1输入，经传输微带线的中心圆环后从端口2输出进入滤波器；当隔离器用于接收链路时，信号从端口2输入，从端口1输出进入低噪放，这种情况下信号传输损耗最小。反过来，如果隔离器用于发射链路时，信号从端口2输入后从端口1输出到滤波器，或者如果隔离器用于接收链路时，信号从端口1输入后从端口2输出，则信号传输损耗较大，这种情况下，信号可能被抑制20db以上。
本实施例的隔离器不仅适用于微波频段，在小于3GHz的频段同样适用。
本实施例中，将传输微带线直接腐蚀在具有主电路的PCB上，PCB直接放置在隔离器的腔体内，将铁氧体、永磁体通过屏蔽盖外凸的圆柱孔放置在传输微带线上方实现隔离器功能，并且通过螺塞保证铁氧体、永磁体压接紧密，通过以上植入式设计保证了隔离器与PCB之间免焊接，从而避免了焊接导致隔离器性能恶化。
另外，本实施例中，在螺塞上粘贴了能够吸附隔离器的各个部件产生的公差的弹性材料，避免了后续需要调整隔离器的公差，即本实施例中，配合公差设计的弹性材料实现了隔离器免调。
以上对本发明实施例进行了详细介绍，对于本领域的一般技术人员，依据本发明实施例的思想，在具体实施方式及应用范围上均会有改变之处，因此，本说明书内容不应理解为对本发明的限制。

Claims (5)

  1. 一种隔离器，包括腔体，其特征在于，所述腔体内放置了腐蚀有传输微带线的印刷电路板PCB，所述PCB上还具有主电路，所述隔离器用于对所述主电路上的正向信号进行传输，反向信号进行隔离，所述腔体上覆盖有屏蔽盖，所述屏蔽盖具有向外凸出的圆柱孔，所述圆柱孔位于所述传输微带线的正上方，所述传输微带线上具有通过所述圆柱孔依次置入的铁氧体、永磁体及螺塞。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的隔离器，其特征在于，所述传输微带线具有三个端口，三个端口呈120度分布。
  3. 如权利要求2所述的隔离器，其特征在于，所述三个端口中的任意一个端口上连接有匹配负载。
  4. 如权利要求1至3任意一项所述的隔离器，其特征在于，所述螺塞上粘贴有弹性材料，所述弹性材料用于吸附所述隔离器的各个部件产生的公差。
  5. 如权利要求1至4任意一项所述的隔离器，其特征在于，所述螺塞由金属材料或塑料材料制成。
PCT/CN2016/076257 2015-05-28 2016-03-14 一种隔离器 WO2016188193A1 (zh)

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CN104916889B (zh) * 2015-05-28 2018-01-16 上海华为技术有限公司 一种隔离器
CN108232387A (zh) * 2017-12-29 2018-06-29 迈特通信设备（苏州）有限公司 一种18g宽带波导环形器
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