WO2016183813A1 - Mtc设备接入方法、基站和系统 - Google Patents

Mtc设备接入方法、基站和系统 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2016183813A1
WO2016183813A1 PCT/CN2015/079348 CN2015079348W WO2016183813A1 WO 2016183813 A1 WO2016183813 A1 WO 2016183813A1 CN 2015079348 W CN2015079348 W CN 2015079348W WO 2016183813 A1 WO2016183813 A1 WO 2016183813A1
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Prior art keywords
group
random access
mtc
base station
mtc device
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PCT/CN2015/079348
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
高峰
秦新涛
徐少毅
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华为技术有限公司
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Priority to PCT/CN2015/079348 priority Critical patent/WO2016183813A1/zh
Priority to CN201580079030.9A priority patent/CN107534998A/zh
Publication of WO2016183813A1 publication Critical patent/WO2016183813A1/zh

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W74/00—Wireless channel access
    • H04W74/08—Non-scheduled access, e.g. ALOHA

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to communication technologies, and in particular, to an MTC device access method, a base station, and a system.
  • M2M Machine to Machine
  • LTE-A Long Term Evolution-Advanced
  • MTC Machine Type Communications
  • RACH Random Access Channel
  • a random access control fallback mechanism is proposed in the prior art.
  • the MTC device When the MTC device prepares random access, it first randomly generates a random number, a random number, and a limitation in the system message (SIB2) in the range of 0 to 1.
  • SIB2 system message
  • the ac-Barring Factor compares, when the random number is less than the limiting factor, the MTC device initiates a random access request, otherwise the MTC device randomly rolls back for a period of time before performing random access.
  • This access mechanism can reduce the probability of random access collision to a certain extent.
  • a large number of MTC devices are deployed in a cell, a large number of MTC devices simultaneously initiate access, which also causes random access collision, resulting in access failure.
  • the embodiment of the present invention provides a random access method, a base station, and a system for an MTC device, so as to overcome the problem that a large number of MTC devices in the prior art initiate access at the same time and cause access failure.
  • a first aspect of the present invention provides a random access method for an MTC device, including:
  • the base station divides at least two machine type communication MTC devices into at least two groups of MTC device groups;
  • the base station selects a group leader device corresponding to each group of the MTC device group;
  • the base station Receiving, by the base station, a random access request message sent by another MTC device in the group in which the group leader device is located, the random access request message includes a first random access preamble, and the random access request
  • the message is that the group leader represents a message sent by the MTC device group where the group leader is located;
  • the base station sends a first random access response message to the group leader device, so that the group leader device and other MTC devices in the MTC device group where the group leader device is located are according to the first random access response message. Perform random access to the network.
  • the base station is configured to divide the at least two MTC devices into at least two groups of MTC devices, including:
  • the base station acquires service characteristic information of the at least two MTC devices, where the service characteristic information includes at least one of the following characteristic information: a power level, and a path delay.
  • the base station divides the at least two MTC devices into at least two groups of MTC devices according to service characteristic information of the at least two MTC devices.
  • the service feature further includes: an initial timing correction value of each MTC device,
  • the base station selects a group leader device corresponding to each group of the MTC device group, including:
  • the base station determines the group leader device according to an initial timing correction value corresponding to each of the MTC devices in the MTC device group.
  • the base station receives the group Before the random access request message sent by the long device, the method further includes:
  • the base station sends a random access priority threshold to the group leader device, so that the group leader device determines whether random access can be initiated according to the random access priority threshold.
  • the base station receives the group Before the random access request message sent by the long device, the method further includes: determining, by the base station, a first random access preamble for the random contention access of the MTC device in the second random access preamble, So that the group leader device selects a preamble for random access from the first random access preamble, where the second random access preamble is used for random contention in a long term evolution LTE system. Preamble.
  • the base station to the group The long device sends a first random access response message, so that the group leader device performs a random access network according to the first random access response message, including:
  • the base station sends a first random access response message to the group leader device, where the first random access response message includes: a first timing correction value, a first uplink time-frequency resource indication, and a first temporary cell wireless network.
  • a first uplink time-frequency resource where the first uplink time-frequency resource is used to notify the group-length device to send the first uplink time-frequency resource, so that the group-length device is in the first uplink
  • the first contention resolution message is sent to the base station according to the first timing correction value, and the first contention resolution message carries the first temporary cell wireless network indicator number, the first contention resolution The message is used by the group leader device to request a random access network;
  • the base station sends a first contention result message to the group leader device according to the first temporary cell radio network identification number, where the first contention result message is used to notify whether the group leader device can randomly access the network.
  • the base station allocates a group identifier ID to each group of the MTC device group, where the first contention resolution message is carried. a group ID of the MTC device group where the group leader device is located;
  • the base station sends a first random access response message to the group leader device, so that the other MTC devices of the group in which the group leader is located perform random access network according to the first random access response message, including:
  • the base station After the base station receives the first contention resolution message, the base station separately sends a second random access response message to each of the other MTC devices in the MTC device group where the group leader device is located, according to the group ID, so that The other MTC devices of the group in which the group leader is located perform random access network according to the first random access response message.
  • the base station according to the group ID, to each of the MTC device groups in which the group device is located
  • the MTC device sends a second random access response message, so that the other MTC devices in the MTC device group in which the group is located are randomly accessed according to the first random access response message, including:
  • the base station sends a second random access response message to the other MTC devices in the MTC device group where the group device is located according to the group ID, where the second random access response message includes: a second timing correction value. a second uplink time-frequency resource indication and a first temporary cell radio network indicator number, so that the MTC device determines, according to the first temporary cell radio network identification number, a second temporary cell radio network identification number corresponding to the MTC device.
  • the second uplink time-frequency resource indication is used to notify the MTC device to send the second uplink time-frequency resource required for the second contention resolution message, so that the MTC device is configured according to the second uplink time-frequency resource. Transmitting, by the second timing correction value, the second contention resolution message to the base station, where the second contention resolution message carries the second temporary cell radio network identification number, where the second contention resolution message is used
  • the MTC device requests a random access network;
  • the base station sends a second contention result message to the MTC device according to the second temporary cell radio network identification number, where the second contention result message is used to notify the MTC device whether the network can be randomly accessed.
  • the base station allocates an index number to each MTC device in the MTC device group, so that the The MTC device determines the second temporary cell wireless network identification number according to the first temporary cell wireless network identification number and the MTC device index number.
  • any one of the first to the eighth possible implementation manners of the first aspect in a ninth possible implementation manner of the first aspect, it also includes:
  • the base station allocates the first uplink time-frequency resource and the second uplink time-frequency resource to the group of MTC devices according to the number of the MTC devices.
  • a second aspect of the present invention provides a base station, including:
  • a grouping module configured to divide at least two machine type communication MTC devices into at least two groups of MTC device groups
  • a group leader selection module configured to select a group leader device corresponding to each group of the MTC device group
  • a receiving module configured to receive a random access request message sent by another MTC device in the group in which the group leader device is located, where the random access request message includes a first random access preamble, and the random access
  • the incoming request message is a message sent by the group leader on behalf of the MTC device group where the group leader is located;
  • a first sending module configured to send a first random access response message to the group leader device, so that the group leader device and other MTC devices in the MTC device group where the group leader device is located are according to the first random
  • the access response message is used to perform random access to the network.
  • the grouping module is specifically configured to:
  • the service feature further includes: an initial timing correction value of each MTC device,
  • the grouping module is further configured to:
  • the method further includes:
  • a second sending module configured to: before the receiving module receives the random access request message sent by the group leader device, send a random access priority threshold to the group leader device, so that the group leader device is configured according to the The random access priority threshold determines whether random access can be initiated.
  • any one of the first to the third possible implementation manners of the second aspect in a fourth possible implementation manner of the second aspect, the method further includes:
  • a determining module configured to receive, at the receiving module, a random access sent by the group leader device Before the message is obtained, determining a first random access preamble for the random access of the MTC device in the second random access preamble, so that the group leader device selects from the first random access preamble
  • the preamble of the random access, the second random access preamble is a preamble for random contention access in a Long Term Evolution (LTE) system.
  • LTE Long Term Evolution
  • the first sending module Specifically used for:
  • the group leader device And sending, by the group leader device, a first random access response message, where the first random access response message includes: a first timing correction value, a first uplink time-frequency resource indication, and a first temporary cell wireless network indicator number,
  • the first uplink time-frequency resource indication is used to notify the group-length device to send the first uplink time-frequency resource required for the first contention resolution message, so that the group-length device is on the first uplink time-frequency resource.
  • the group leader device requests a random access network;
  • the method further includes: an allocating module, configured to allocate a group identity ID for each group of the MTC device group, the first The competition resolution message carries the group ID of the MTC device group where the group leader device is located;
  • the first sending module is further configured to:
  • the base station After receiving the first contention resolution message, the base station separately sends a second random access response message to each of the other MTC devices in the MTC device group where the group leader device is located according to the group ID, so that the group The other MTC devices of the long group are randomly connected to the network according to the first random access response message.
  • the first sending module is specifically configured to:
  • the group ID to other MTC devices in the MTC device group where the group device is located Sending a second random access response message, where the second random access response message includes: a second timing correction value, a second uplink time-frequency resource indication, and a first temporary cell radio network indicator number, so that the MTC The device determines, according to the first temporary cell radio network identification number, a second temporary cell radio network identification number corresponding to the MTC device, where the second uplink time-frequency resource indication is used to notify the MTC device to send a second contention resolution message.
  • the second contention resolution message carries the second temporary cell radio network identification number, where the second contention resolution message is used by the MTC device to request a random access network;
  • the receiving module is further configured to:
  • the first sending module sends a second contention result message to the MTC device according to the second temporary cell radio network identification number, where the second contention result message is used to notify the MTC device whether the network can be randomly accessed.
  • the allocating module is further configured to: assign an index number to each MTC device in the MTC device group And determining, by the MTC device, the second temporary cell wireless network identification number according to the first temporary cell wireless network identification number and the MTC device index number.
  • the determining module is further used Before the sending, by the first sending module, the random access response message to the group device, determining the number of the MTC devices in the group where the group device is located;
  • the allocating module is further configured to allocate the first uplink time-frequency resource and the second uplink time-frequency resource to the group of MTC devices according to the number of the MTC devices.
  • a third aspect of the present invention provides an MTC device access system, including a plurality of MTC devices, and in any one of the first to ninth possible implementation manners of the second aspect, the second aspect, The base station.
  • the base station divides at least two MTC devices into at least two groups of MTC devices, and then the base station selects a group leader device corresponding to each group of MTC device groups, and then the base station receives the group leader device generation.
  • the random access request message includes a first random access preamble, and the random access request message is sent by the group leader on the MTC device group where the group leader is located.
  • the base station sends a first random access response message to the group leader device, so that the other device in the MTC device group where the group leader device and the group leader device are located perform the random access network according to the first random access response message.
  • the base station groups the MTC devices and selects the group length, so that the group leader selects the first random access preamble from the available random access preambles on the entire MTC device group to perform a random access network, which effectively reduces the number of the MTC devices.
  • the probability that the MTC device selects the same first random access preamble at the same time effectively improves the probability of successful access of the MTC device.
  • Figure 1 shows a contention-based random access procedure in an LTE-A system
  • FIG. 2 is a flowchart of a method for accessing an MTC device according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 3 is a model diagram of clustering MTC devices in a cell
  • FIG. 4 is a model diagram of grouping MTC devices in a cell
  • Figure 5 shows a preamble allocation map
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a base station according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of a base station according to another embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of a base station according to still another embodiment of the present invention.
  • the random access procedure in the LTE-A system can be divided into a contention based random access and a non-contention based random access procedure.
  • the essential difference between the two is whether the terminal to be accessed before the random access is initiated receives a dedicated random access resource from the network, such as a random access preamble.
  • the network configures a dedicated random access resource for the terminal to be accessed, thereby avoiding collision collision between the terminal and other terminals selecting the same resource; however, in the contention-based random access process
  • the terminal randomly selects the access resource to initiate the access according to the random access parameter broadcasted in the cell system message, so different terminals may select the same random access resource, and a collision may occur, resulting in the random connection. Failure failed.
  • FIG. 1 is based on the LTE-A system.
  • the competitive random access process is divided into four steps. As shown in Figure 1, the contention-based random access procedure in the LTE-A system is divided into four steps, specifically:
  • Step 101 The terminal sends a random access request message to the base station.
  • the terminal selects one random access preamble among the 64 random access preambles specified in the LTE-A system, and sends the random access preamble to the base station through the random access request message Msg1.
  • Step 102 The base station sends a random access response message to the terminal.
  • the base station After receiving the random access request message Msg1 sent by the terminal, the base station sends a random access response message Msg2 to the terminal, where the random access response message Msg2 includes the sequence number of the received random access preamble sequence, and is received by The Timing Advance (TA) calculated by the random access preamble, the uplink time-frequency resource indication (uplink transmission for the contention resolution message Msg3), and the temporary cell radio network identification number (Temporary Cell- Radio Network Temporary Identifier, referred to as: TC-RNTI).
  • TA Timing Advance
  • Step 103 The terminal sends a contention resolution message Msg3 to the base station.
  • the terminal After receiving the random access response message Msg2 sent by the base station and matching the random access preamble in the previous random access request message Msg1, the terminal sends the TC-RNTI in the random access response message Msg2 to the base station. Competition resolution message Msg3.
  • Step 104 The base station sends a contention result message Msg4 to the terminal.
  • the base station After receiving the contention resolution message Msg3 sent by the terminal, the base station sends a contention result message Msg4 including the TC-RNTI to the terminal, and the terminal receives the contention result including the TC-RNTI.
  • the TC-RNTI included in the contention message Msg4 is matched with the TC-RNTI in the contention resolution message Msg3 previously sent to the base station. If the match is successful, the terminal access is successful.
  • the random access request message including the random access preamble is sent to the base station only by the group long to be table group of each group, because the terminal that competes for the random access preamble is only a group. Long, this will reduce the probability of selecting the same random access preamble, thus effectively improving the probability of successful access.
  • the above terminal in the present invention is an MTC device.
  • FIG. 2 is a flowchart of a method for accessing an MTC device according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 2, the method in this embodiment may include:
  • Step 201 The base station divides at least two machine type communication MTC devices into at least two groups of MTC device groups.
  • the existing access method shown in FIG. 1 can be used for access.
  • the MTC device is successfully accessed, the MTC device is reported to the base station.
  • the characteristic information is such that the base station can group all the MTC devices according to the service characteristic information corresponding to the MTC device, and at least two MTC device groups have been obtained.
  • the service characteristic information may include but is not limited to the following information: power level, path delay.
  • Step 202 The base station selects a group leader device corresponding to each group of MTC device groups.
  • a group leader device can be selected in each MTC device group, so that the group leader device represents the other MTC devices in the MTC device group where the group leader device is located from the LTE system.
  • a random access preamble for selecting an access network of all MTC devices in the group is selected in the random access preamble.
  • the process of selecting the group length may be: in step 201, the service feature of the MTC device in the cell acquired by the base station further includes: a TA corresponding to each MTC device, and the base station determines the MTC device according to the TA corresponding to each MTC device.
  • the leader device in the group may be: in step 201, the service feature of the MTC device in the cell acquired by the base station further includes: a TA corresponding to each MTC device, and the base station determines the MTC device according to the TA corresponding to each MTC device.
  • the leader device in the group may be: in step 201, the service feature of the MTC device in the cell acquired by the base station further includes: a TA corresponding to each MTC device, and the base station determines the MTC device according to the TA corresponding to each MTC device.
  • the leader device in the group may be: in step 201, the service feature of the MTC device in the cell acquired by the base station further includes: a TA corresponding to each MTC
  • leader device can be selected according to the following criteria:
  • i represents the i-th MTC device in the group.
  • the average TA value corresponding to the MTC device group, M is the number of MTC devices in the MTC device group of the group, and TA i is the TA of the i - th MTC device in the MTC device group of the group, 1 ⁇ i ⁇ M.
  • Step 203 The base station receives the random access request message sent by the group leader device, where the random access request message includes a first random access preamble, and the random access request message is a message that the group leader represents the MTC device group where the group leader is located.
  • the group leader device When an MTC device group has data to send, the group leader device changes from the idle state to the listening state, and the other MTC devices in the MTC device group where the group leader device is located select one of the random access preambles in the LTE system.
  • a random access preamble performs random access, and sends a random access request message carrying the first random access preamble to be selected to the base station, where the access process does not need each MTC device in the MTC device group.
  • a random access preamble is selected from the random access preamble in the LTE system for random access, which effectively reduces the probability that multiple MTC devices select the same random access preamble to cause random access failure.
  • Step 204 The base station sends a first random access response message to the group leader device, so that the group device device and other MTC devices in the MTC device group where the group leader device is located perform random access network according to the first random access response message.
  • the base station After receiving the random access request message sent by the group leader device (hereinafter referred to as: Msg1), the base station calculates the first timing correction value, the first uplink time-frequency resource, and the first corresponding to the group leader device. a temporary cell radio network indicator number TC-RNTI 0 , and sending a first random access response message carrying the first timing correction value TA 0 , the first uplink time-frequency resource indication, and the TC-RNTI 0 to the group leader device (the following implementation In the example, it is recorded as: Msg2 0 ), the first uplink time-frequency resource indication is used to notify the group leader device to send the first uplink time-frequency resource required for the first contention resolution message.
  • Msg1 the group leader device
  • the base station After receiving the group leader device Msg2 0, according to the first uplink Msg2 0 frequency resources allocated by the base station transmits the first contention resolution message (referred to as the following embodiment examples: Msg3 0), i.e., the first uplink transmitting the time-frequency resource carrying the TC-RNTI Msg3 0 0 according to the TA 0.
  • Msg3 0 the first contention resolution message
  • the base station After the base station receives the Msg3 0 sent by the group leader device, that is, it indicates that no collision is sent, the base station sends a first contention result message carrying the TC-RNTI 0 to the group leader device (hereinafter referred to as: Msg4 0 ).
  • the squad device After the squad device receives the Msg4 0 , if the TC-RNTI 0 carried in the Msg4 0 is the same as the TC-RNTI 0 in the Msg3 0 sent by the eNB to the eNB, the device is successfully connected.
  • each group of the MTC device group may be assigned an identification (Identification, for example: ID), and the group ID is used to identify the MTC device group.
  • ID an identification
  • the Msg3 0 sent by the base station also carries the group ID of the MTC device group where the group leader device is located. Therefore, when the base station receives the Msg3 0 , it sends a second to the other MTC devices in the MTC device group where the group leader device is located according to the group ID.
  • the random access response message (hereinafter referred to as Msg2 1 ) is such that other MTC devices request random access to the network according to the received Msg2 1 .
  • the base station sends a second random access response message Msg2 1 to each of the other MTC devices in the MTC device group where the group leader device is located according to the group ID, where the Msg2 1 carries the corresponding number of each of the other MTC devices.
  • the MTC device After receiving the Msg2 1 in the MTC device group where the device is located, the MTC device first determines the second temporary cell wireless network identifier TC-RNTI 1 corresponding to the MTC device according to the TC-RNTI 0 . Then, according to the second uplink time-frequency resource allocated in the Msg2 0 , the second contention resolution message (hereinafter referred to as: Msg3 1 ) is sent, that is, the TC-RNTI is carried according to the TA 1 on the second uplink time-frequency resource. 1 of Msg3 1 .
  • Msg3 1 the second contention resolution message
  • the base station After the base station receives the Msg3 1 sent by the MTC device in the MTC device group where the group device is located, that is, if the collision is not sent, the base station sends a first contention result message carrying the TC-RNTI 1 to the MTC device (in the following embodiment) Recorded as: Msg4 1 ).
  • the MTC device After the MTC device receives the Msg4 1 , if the TC-RNTI1 carried in the Msg4 1 is the same as the TC-RNTI1 in the Msg3 1 sent by the local MTC device to the base station, the MTC device access is successful.
  • the device TC-RNTI 0 MTC determined corresponding to the present MTC device particularly according to TC-RNTI 1 may be:
  • the base station allocates an index number to each MTC device in the MTC device group, and the TC-RNTI 1 corresponding to the MTC device is the sum of the TC-RNTI 0 and the index number of the MTC device, that is,
  • TC-RNTI 1 TC-RNTI 0 + index number of this MTC device.
  • the base station divides at least two MTC devices into at least two groups of MTC devices. Then, the base station selects the group length device corresponding to each group of the MTC device group, and then the base station receives the random access request message sent by the other MTC devices in the group in which the group leader device represents the group leader, and the random access request message includes the first random access.
  • the preamble, the random access request message is a message sent by the group leader on the MTC device group where the group leader is located.
  • the base station sends a first random access response message to the group leader device, so that the group leader device and the group leader device are located in the MTC device.
  • the other MTC devices in the group perform random access networks according to the first random access response message.
  • the base station groups the MTC devices and selects the group length, so that the group leader selects the first random access preamble from the available random access preambles on the entire MTC device group to perform a random access network, which effectively reduces the number of the MTC devices.
  • the probability that the MTC device selects the same first random access preamble at the same time effectively improves the probability of successful access of the MTC device.
  • the method further includes: separating the random access resource used by the MTC device from the random access resource used by the H2H terminal,
  • the N preambles for random contention access in the 64 access preambles of the LTE system are allocated X random contention accesses for the H2H terminal and the MTC device. Therefore, the H2H terminal cannot be normally accessed due to the access of a large number of MTC devices in a period of time, and the access quality of the H2H terminal is ensured.
  • Figure 5 shows the preamble allocation map.
  • the base station may set a maximum value of the number of MTC devices in each group.
  • the base station may be re-established according to the remaining MTC devices.
  • the base station may first divide the MTC devices that can always maintain the same state (access, attach, release) into a cluster, in each cluster.
  • the MTC member equipment must have the same QoS requirements.
  • Figure 3 shows the model diagram of clustering the MTC devices in the cell, and then according to the power level and path delay in the service characteristics, that is, the MTC devices with similar positions. Divided into individual MTC device groups, and FIG. 4 is a model diagram for grouping MTC devices in a cell.
  • the delay budget corresponding to each MTC device group is different, in order to effectively reduce collisions caused by a large number of MTC devices simultaneously accessing the network, the budget may be different for different delays.
  • the MTC device group sets different access levels, and the high-priority MTC device group with less delay tolerant delay has access to the network with less delay, thereby ensuring QoS requirements of different M2M service characteristics.
  • N M 1 +M 2 +...+M k
  • the group leader of each access group is recorded as a GDK.
  • QoS quality of service
  • the tolerance access delay delay budget of the MTC device in each MTC device group is set.
  • the threshold is T b
  • the waiting access time of the random access of the group device is recorded as T w
  • the remaining tolerance delay time of the group length is T b ⁇ T w
  • the base station sets one according to the number of packets of the MTC and the load characteristics of the network.
  • the access priority threshold is denoted as p; the random access priority p of each MTC device group is recorded as:
  • p is the random access priority of the MTC device group
  • ⁇ is the weighting factor, indicating the proportion of the influence of the two components
  • T w is the waiting access time of the random access of the group device
  • T b is the MTC The tolerance access time delay budget or threshold of the MTC device in the device group.
  • the access priority range is (0,1), and the access priority consists of two parts. (1- ⁇ ) ⁇ rand(1) is a random number that generates 0 to 1, indicating that the MTC device group has a certain probability. p initiates random access; It is a delay tolerance delay. When the access waiting time is greater than the tolerance delay budget, the access priority is higher. The access collision probability can be reduced by priority access control.
  • the base station may set different access priority thresholds according to resource usage of the current network, and send a random access priority threshold P to the group leader device, before the packet access device sends the random access request message to the base station. And determining , according to the random access priority threshold Ph, whether random access can be initiated, so that the impact of the MTC device on the H2H device access can be effectively controlled.
  • the head of the base station device When the head of the base station device receives the random access transmission after the priority threshold value P h, it determines their corresponding random access meets a preset priority p relationship, if satisfied, the random access optional A random access preamble is randomly selected into the preamble, and a random access request message Msg1 is sent to the base station. Otherwise, after the waiting time t back , the random access request message Msg1 is resent.
  • the fallback access mechanism is used to avoid the access collision of the MTC device between the MTC device groups.
  • the access time can be re-initiated after the rollback time is determined.
  • the rollback time is recorded as:
  • T w is the waiting access time for the random access of the group device
  • T b is the tolerant access time delay budget or threshold of the MTC device in each MTC device group.
  • the base station may broadcast the random access priority threshold P h of the current system to the group leader device of all the MTC device groups in the system message SIB2.
  • the base station can set different access priority thresholds according to the resource usage of the current network, so as to effectively control the impact of the MTC device on the H2H device access.
  • the random access request message Msg1 is re-initiated after the waiting time t back . If the number of re-initiated access requests exceeds the specified number of times, the access of the MTC device fails.
  • the base station when the base station performs grouping for the MTC device in the cell, the number of the MTC devices in each group of the MTC device group can be obtained, and the base station can determine the group for the group according to the number of the MTC devices in each group of the MTC device group.
  • the first uplink time-frequency resource required by the long device to send the Msg3 0 and the second uplink time-frequency resource required by the other MTC device to send the Msg3 1 That is, the base station can allocate corresponding resources according to the number of MTC devices in the MTC device group, thereby avoiding waste of resources.
  • the second uplink time-frequency resource required for the other MTC device in the MTC device group that is allocated by the base station to send the Msg3 1 is insufficient. All the MTC devices send the Msg3 1 message, which causes some MTC devices to fail to access.
  • the base station finds that some MTC devices in the MTC device group where the group leader device is located are pre- unsuccessful access within the set time, sends a paging message to the secondary device such MTC, the paging message carries the second row on the third frequency resources, i.e., the carrier is again such dispensing apparatus Msg3 1 MTC The third uplink time-frequency resource of the message, thereby increasing the probability of successful access of the MTC device.
  • the MTC device in the group stops working for a period of time due to a fault problem, and the base station cannot successfully access after the second paging, the MTC device is considered to be a slave group. If the MPC device returns to normal, the initial random access should be performed to report its own information to obtain re-grouping.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a base station according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 6, the base station includes:
  • a grouping module 301 configured to divide at least two MTC devices into at least two groups of MTC devices
  • a group leader selection module 302 configured to select a group leader device corresponding to each group of MTC device groups
  • the receiving module 303 is configured to receive a random access request message sent by another MTC device in the group in which the group leader device is located.
  • the random access request message includes a first random access preamble, and the random access request message is a group.
  • the first sending module 304 is configured to send a first random access response message to the group leader device, so that the other device in the MTC device group where the group leader device and the group leader device are located are randomly connected according to the first random access response message. Into the network.
  • the grouping module 301 is specifically configured to:
  • the at least two MTC devices are divided into at least two groups of MTC devices according to service characteristic information of at least two MTC devices.
  • the service feature further includes: an initial timing correction value of each MTC device,
  • the grouping module 301 is further configured to:
  • the group leader device is determined according to an initial timing correction value corresponding to each MTC device in the MTC device group.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of a base station according to another embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 7, the base station may further include:
  • the second sending module 305 is configured to send a random access priority threshold to the group leader device before the receiving module 303 receives the random access request message sent by the group leader device, so that the group leader device according to the random access priority
  • the threshold determines if random access can be initiated.
  • the method further includes:
  • the determining module 306 is configured to determine, before the receiving module 303 receives the random access request message sent by the group leader device, the first random access preamble for the random contention access of the MTC device in the second random access preamble, Having the leader device select from the first random access preamble for The preamble of the machine access, and the second random access preamble is a preamble for random contention access in the LTE system.
  • the first sending module 304 is specifically configured to:
  • the first random access response message includes: a first timing correction value, a first uplink time-frequency resource indication, and a first temporary cell wireless network indicator number, and the first uplink time
  • the frequency resource indicator is used to notify the group leader device to send the first uplink time-frequency resource required for the first contention resolution message, so that the group leader device sends the first contention to the base station according to the first timing correction value on the first uplink time-frequency resource.
  • a resolution message the first contention resolution message carries the first temporary cell wireless network indicator number, and the first contention resolution message is used by the group leader device to request the random access network;
  • the method further includes:
  • the allocating module 307 is configured to allocate a group ID to each group of the MTC device group, where the first contention resolution message carries the group ID of the MTC device group where the group device is located;
  • the first sending module 304 is further configured to:
  • the base station After receiving the first contention resolution message, the base station sends a second random access response message to each of the other MTC devices in the MTC device group where the group leader device is located according to the group ID, so that the other MTC devices of the group in which the group leader is located are according to the first
  • the random access response message is used to perform random access to the network.
  • the first sending module 304 is specifically configured to:
  • the group ID a second random access response message to the other MTC devices in the MTC device group where the group device is located, where the second random access response message includes: a second timing correction value, a second uplink time frequency resource indication, and a first temporary cell radio network indicator number, so that the MTC device determines the second temporary cell radio network identification number corresponding to the MTC device according to the first temporary cell radio network identification number, where the second uplink time-frequency resource indication is used to notify the MTC device to send the And the second uplink time-frequency resource required by the second resolution time-frequency resource, so that the MTC device sends the second contention resolution message to the base station according to the second timing correction value, and the second contention resolution message carries the second Temporary cell wireless network identification number, second competition resolution message for MTC device Request random access to the network;
  • the receiving module 303 is further configured to:
  • the first sending module 304 sends a second contention result message to the MTC device according to the second temporary cell wireless network identification number, where the second contention result message is used to notify the MTC device whether the network can be randomly accessed.
  • the allocating module 307 is further configured to: assign an index number to each MTC device in the MTC device group, so that the MTC device determines the second temporary cell wireless network according to the first temporary cell wireless network identification number and the MTC device index number. Identification Number.
  • the determining module 306 is further configured to: before the first sending module 304 sends the random access response message to the group leader device, determine the number of the MTC devices in the group where the group leader device is located;
  • the allocating module 307 is further configured to allocate the first uplink time-frequency resource and the second uplink time-frequency resource to the group of MTC devices according to the number of the MTC devices.
  • the base station provided in this embodiment may be used to implement the technical solution of the method embodiment shown in FIG. 2, and the implementation principle and technical effects are similar, and details are not described herein again.
  • each unit in the foregoing embodiment may be embedded in hardware or in a processor independent of the base station, or may be stored in a memory of the base station in a software format, so that the processor calls to execute the corresponding units.
  • the processor can be a CPU, a microprocessor, a microcontroller, and the like.
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of a base station according to another embodiment of the present invention.
  • the base station provided in this embodiment is used to perform the MTC device access method shown in FIG. 2, where the base station includes: a memory 401, a processor 402, and a receiver. 403. Transmitter 404 and bus system 405.
  • the memory 401, the processor 402, the receiver 403, and the transmitter 404 are coupled together by a bus system 405.
  • the bus system 405 may include a power bus, a control bus, and a status signal in addition to the data bus. Bus, etc. However, for clarity of description, various buses are labeled as bus system 405 in the figure.
  • the memory 401 is used to store a set of codes for controlling the processor 402, the receiver 403, and the transmitter 404 to perform the following actions:
  • the processor 402 is configured to: the base station divides the at least two MTC devices into at least two groups of MTC devices. group;
  • the processor 402 is further configured to select a group leader device corresponding to each group of the MTC device group;
  • the receiver 403 is configured to receive a random access request message sent by another MTC device in the group in which the group leader device is located, where the random access request message includes a first random access preamble, and the random The access request message is a message sent by the group leader on behalf of the MTC device group where the group leader is located;
  • the sender 404 is configured to send a first random access response message to the group leader device, so that the group leader device and other MTC devices in the MTC device group where the group leader device is located are according to the first random connection.
  • the incoming response message is used to randomly access the network.
  • the at least two MTC devices are divided into at least two groups of MTC devices, including:
  • the service feature further includes: an initial timing correction value of each MTC device,
  • the method before receiving the random access request message sent by the group leader device, the method further includes:
  • the transmitter 404 sends a random access priority threshold to the group leader device, so that the group leader device determines whether random access can be initiated according to the random access priority threshold.
  • the method before receiving the random access request message sent by the group leader device, the method further includes: determining, by the processor 402, the first random access preamble for the random contention access of the MTC device in the second random access preamble So that the group leader device selects a preamble for random access from the first random access preamble, and the second random access preamble is a preamble for random contention access in an LTE system. code.
  • the first random access response message is sent to the group leader device, so that the group leader device performs a random access network according to the first random access response message, including:
  • the transmitter 404 is further configured to send a first random access response message to the group leader device, where the first random access response message includes: a first timing correction value, a first uplink time-frequency resource, and a first temporary cell radio network indicator number, so that the group leader device sends a first contention resolution message according to the first timing correction value on the first uplink time-frequency resource, in the first contention resolution message.
  • the first temporary cell radio network indicator number Carrying the first temporary cell radio network indicator number, where the first contention resolution message is used by the group leader device to request a random access network;
  • the receiver 403 is further configured to receive the first contention resolution message, where the first contention resolution message carries the first temporary cell wireless network identification number;
  • the transmitter 404 is further configured to send, by using the first temporary cell radio network identification number, a first contention result message to the group leader device, where the first contention result message is used to notify whether the group leader device can be randomly connected. Into the network.
  • the processor 402 is further configured to allocate a group ID to each group of the MTC device group, where the first contention resolution message carries the group ID of the MTC device group where the group leader device is located;
  • the second random access response message is sent to each of the other MTC devices in the MTC device group where the group device is located, according to the group ID, so that the other MTCs in the MTC device group where the group leader is located.
  • the device performs a random access network according to the first random access response message, and includes:
  • the transmitter 404 is further configured to send, according to the group ID, a second random access response message to another MTC device in the MTC device group where the group device is located, where the second random access response message includes: a second timing correction value, a second uplink time-frequency resource, and a first temporary cell radio network indicator number, so that the MTC device determines, according to the first temporary cell radio network identification number, a second temporary cell radio corresponding to the MTC device And a second random access response message, where the second random access response message is used by the MTC device to send a second contention resolution message according to the second timing correction value on the second uplink time-frequency resource, where the second contention The second temporary cell radio network identification number is carried in the resolution message, where the second contention resolution message is used by the MTC device to request a random access network;
  • the receiver 403 is further configured to receive the second contention resolution message, where the second contention resolution message carries the second temporary cell wireless network identification number;
  • the transmitter 404 is further configured to send, by using the second temporary cell radio network identification number, a second contention result message to the MTC device, where the second contention result message is used to notify the MTC device whether the network can be randomly accessed. .
  • the processor 402 is further configured to allocate an index number to each of the MTC devices in the MTC device group, so that the MTC device is configured according to the first temporary cell wireless network identification number and the MTC device index number. Determining the second temporary cell wireless network identification number.
  • the method before sending the random access response message to the group leader device, the method further includes:
  • the processor 402 is further configured to determine the number of MTC devices in the group where the group leader device is located;
  • the processor 402 is further configured to allocate the first uplink time-frequency resource and the second uplink time-frequency resource to the group of MTC devices according to the number of the MTC devices.
  • the base station provided in this embodiment may be used to implement the technical solution of the method embodiment shown in FIG. 2, and the implementation principle and technical effects are similar, and details are not described herein again.
  • An embodiment of the present invention further provides an MTC device access system, including: multiple MTC devices and a base station as provided in the foregoing embodiments.
  • the disclosed system, apparatus, and method may be implemented in other manners.
  • the device embodiments described above are merely illustrative.
  • the division of the unit is only a logical function division.
  • there may be another division manner for example, multiple units or components may be combined or Can be integrated into another system, or some features can be ignored or not executed.
  • the mutual coupling or direct coupling or communication connection shown or discussed may be an indirect coupling or communication connection through some interface, device or unit, and may be in an electrical, mechanical or other form.
  • the units described as separate components may or may not be physically separated, and the components displayed as units may or may not be physical units, that is, may be located in one place, or may be distributed to multiple network units. Some or all of the units may be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the solution of the embodiment.
  • each functional unit in each embodiment of the present invention may be integrated into one processing unit, or each unit may be physically included separately, or two or more units may be integrated into one unit.
  • the above integrated unit can be implemented in the form of hardware or hardware plus software. The form of the functional unit is implemented.
  • the above-described integrated unit implemented in the form of a software functional unit can be stored in a computer readable storage medium.
  • the software functional units described above are stored in a storage medium and include instructions for causing a computer device (which may be a personal computer, server, or network device, etc.) to perform portions of the steps of the methods described in various embodiments of the present invention.
  • the foregoing storage medium includes: a U disk, a mobile hard disk, a read-only memory (English: Read-Only Memory, ROM for short), a random access memory (English: Random Access Memory, RAM), a magnetic disk, or an optical disk.

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Abstract

本发明实施例提供一种MTC设备接入方法、基站和系统，包括：基站将MTC设备进行分组并选择组长，从而使得组长代表整个MTC设备组从可用的随机接入前导码中选择第一随机接入前导码进行随机接入网络，有效减小了多个MTC设备同时选择相同的第一随机接入前导码的概率，有效提高了MTC设备成功接入的概率。

Description

MTC设备接入方法、基站和系统 技术领域
本发明涉及通信技术，尤其涉及一种MTC设备接入方法、基站和系统。
背景技术
随着机器对机器(Machine to Machine，简称为：M2M)业务的快速发展，M2M与长期演进技术升级版(Long Term Evolution-Advanced，简称为LTE-A)网络的融合是未来通信发展的必然趋势，由于LTE-A系统只有64个随机接入前导码，M2M中的多个机器类通信(Machine Type Communications，简称为：MTC)设备同时接入会增大无线网络的负载，当两个或两个以上的MTC设备选择了相同的随机接入前导(英文：Preamble)，并且在相同的随机接入信道(Random Access Channel，简称为：RACH)时频资源上接入时，会造成接入碰撞，导致接入失败。因此在LTE-A系统中部署多个MTC设备必须对现有M2M随机接入过程进行优化，来提出一种有效的接入机制来处理多个MTC设备随机接入业务引起的问题。
现有技术中提出了一种随机接入控制回退机制，当MTC设备准备随机接入时，先在0到1的范围内随机产生一个随机数，随机数与系统消息(SIB2)中的限制因子(ac-Barring Factor)比较，当随机数小于限制因子时，MTC设备发起随机接入请求，否则MTC设备随机回退一段时间之后再进行随机接入。
此接入机制一定程度上可以降低随机接入碰撞的概率，但是当小区中部署大量的MTC设备时，大量的MTC设备同时发起接入同样会造成随机接入碰撞，从而导致接入失败。
发明内容
本发明实施例提供一种MTC设备的随机接入方法、基站和系统，以克服现有技术中大量的MTC设备同时发起接入导致接入失败的问题。
本发明第一方面提供一种MTC设备的随机接入方法，包括：
基站将至少两个机器类通信MTC设备分为至少两组MTC设备组；
所述基站选择每组所述MTC设备组对应的组长设备；
所述基站接收所述组长设备代表组长所在组中的其他MTC设备发送的随机接入请求消息，所述随机接入请求消息中包括第一随机接入前导码，所述随机接入请求消息为所述组长代表所述组长所在MTC设备组发送的消息；
所述基站向所述组长设备发送第一随机接入响应消息，以使所述组长设备和所述组长设备所在MTC设备组中的其他MTC设备根据所述第一随机接入响应消息进行随机接入网络。
结合第一方面，在第一方面的第一种可能的实现方式中，所述基站将至少两个MTC设备分为至少两组MTC设备组，包括：
所述基站获取所述至少两个MTC设备的业务特性信息，所述业务特性信息包括以下特性信息中至少一项：功率等级、路径时延。
所述基站根据所述至少两个MTC设备的业务特性信息将所述至少两个MTC设备分为至少两组MTC设备组。
结合第一方面的第一种可能的实现方式，在第一方面的第二种可能的实现方式中，所述业务特性还包括：每个MTC设备的初始定时纠正值，
所述基站选择每组所述MTC设备组对应的组长设备，包括：
所述基站根据所述MTC设备组内每个所述MTC设备对应的初始定时纠正值确定所述组长设备。
结合第一方面、第一方面的第一至第二种可能的实现方式中的任一种可能的实现方式，在第一方面的第三种可能的实现方式中，所述基站接收所述组长设备发送的随机接入请求消息之前，还包括：
所述基站向组长设备发送随机接入优先级门限值，以使所述组长设备根据所述随机接入优先级门限值确定是否可以发起随机接入。
结合第一方面、第一方面的第一至第三种可能的实现方式中的任一种可能的实现方式，在第一方面的第四种可能的实现方式中，所述基站接收所述组长设备发送的随机接入请求消息之前，还包括：所述基站确定第二随机接入前导码中用于MTC设备随机竞争接入的第一随机接入前导码， 以使所述组长设备从所述第一随机接入前导码中选择用于随机接入的前导码，所述第二随机接入前导码为长期演进LTE系统中用于随机竞争接入的前导码。
结合第一方面、第一方面的第一至第四种可能的实现方式中的任一种可能的实现方式，在第一方面的第五种可能的实现方式中，所述基站向所述组长设备发送第一随机接入响应消息，以使所述组长设备根据所述第一随机接入响应消息进行随机接入网络，包括：
所述基站向所述组长设备发送第一随机接入响应消息，所述第一随机接入响应消息中包括：第一定时纠正值、第一上行时频资源指示和第一临时小区无线网络标志号，所述第一上行时频资源指示用于通知所述组长设备发送第一竞争决议消息所需的第一上行时频资源，以使所述组长设备在所述第一上行时频资源上根据所述第一定时纠正值向所述基站发送所述第一竞争决议消息，所述第一竞争决议消息中携带所述第一临时小区无线网络标志号，所述第一竞争决议消息用于所述组长设备请求随机接入网络；
所述基站接收所述第一竞争决议消息，所述第一竞争决议消息中携带所述第一临时小区无线网络标识号；
所述基站根据所述第一临时小区无线网络标识号向所述组长设备发送第一竞争结果消息，所述第一竞争结果消息用于通知所述组长设备是否可以随机接入网络。
结合第一方面的第五种可能的实现方式，在第一方面的第六种可能的实现方式中，所述基站为每组MTC设备组分配组标识ID，所述第一竞争决议消息中携带所述组长设备所在MTC设备组的组ID；
所述基站向所述组长设备发送第一随机接入响应消息，以使所述组长所在组的其他MTC设备根据所述第一随机接入响应消息进行随机接入网络，包括：
所述基站接收所述第一竞争决议消息之后，所述基站根据所述组ID向所述组长设备所在MTC设备组中的其他每个MTC设备分别发送第二随机接入响应消息，以使所述组长所在组的其他MTC设备根据所述第一随机接入响应消息进行随机接入网络。
结合第一方面的第六种可能的实现方式，在第一方面的第七种可能的实现方式中，所述基站根据所述组ID向所述组长设备所在MTC设备组中的其他每个MTC设备分别发送第二随机接入响应消息，以使所述组长所在MTC设备组中的其他MTC设备根据所述第一随机接入响应消息进行随机接入网络，包括：
所述基站根据所述组ID向所述组长设备所在MTC设备组中的其他MTC设备分别发送第二随机接入响应消息，所述第二随机接入响应消息中包括：第二定时纠正值、第二上行时频资源指示和第一临时小区无线网络标志号，以使所述MTC设备根据所述第一临时小区无线网络标识号确定所述MTC设备对应的第二临时小区无线网络标识号，所述第二上行时频资源指示用于通知所述MTC设备发送第二竞争决议消息所需的第二上行时频资源，以使所述MTC设备在所述第二上行时频资源上根据所述第二定时纠正值向所述基站发送所述第二竞争决议消息，所述第二竞争决议消息中携带所述第二临时小区无线网络标识号，所述第二竞争决议消息用于所述MTC设备请求随机接入网络；
所述基站接收所述第二竞争决议消息，所述第二竞争决议消息中携带所述第二临时小区无线网络标识号；
所述基站根据所述第二临时小区无线网络标识号向所述MTC设备发送第二竞争结果消息，所述第二竞争结果消息用于通知所述MTC设备是否可以随机接入网络。
结合第一方面的第七种可能的实现方式，在第一方面的第八种可能的实现方式中，所述基站为所述MTC设备组中的每个MTC设备分配索引号，以使所述MTC设备根据所述第一临时小区无线网络标识号和所述MTC设备索引号确定所述第二临时小区无线网络标识号。
结合第一方面、第一方面的第一至第八种可能的实现方式中的任一种可能的实现方式，在第一方面的第九种可能的实现方式中，所述基站向所述组长设备发送随机接入响应消息之前，还包括：
所述基站确定所述组长设备所在组中的MTC设备的个数；
所述基站根据所述MTC设备的个数为本组MTC设备分配所述第一上行时频资源和所述第二上行时频资源。
本发明第二方面提供一种基站，包括：
分组模块，用于将至少两个机器类通信MTC设备分为至少两组MTC设备组；
组长选择模块，用于选择每组所述MTC设备组对应的组长设备；
接收模块，用于接收所述组长设备代表组长所在组中的其他MTC设备发送的随机接入请求消息，所述随机接入请求消息中包括第一随机接入前导码，所述随机接入请求消息为所述组长代表所述组长所在MTC设备组发送的消息；
第一发送模块，用于向所述组长设备发送第一随机接入响应消息，以使所述组长设备和所述组长设备所在MTC设备组中的其他MTC设备根据所述第一随机接入响应消息进行随机接入网络。
结合第二方面，在第二方面的第一种可能的实现方式中，所述分组模块，具体用于：
获取所述至少两个MTC设备的业务特性信息，所述业务特性信息包括以下特性信息中至少一项：功率等级、路径时延。
根据所述至少两个MTC设备的业务特性信息将所述至少两个MTC设备分为至少两组MTC设备组。
结合第二方面的第一种可能的实现方式，在第二方面的第二种可能的实现方式中，所述业务特性还包括：每个MTC设备的初始定时纠正值，
所述分组模块，还用于：
根据所述MTC设备组内每个所述MTC设备对应的初始定时纠正值确定所述组长设备。
结合第二方面、第二方面的第一至第二种可能的实现方式中的任一种可能的实现方式，在第二方面的第三种可能的实现方式中，还包括：
第二发送模块，用于在所述接收模块接收所述组长设备发送的随机接入请求消息之前，向组长设备发送随机接入优先级门限值，以使所述组长设备根据所述随机接入优先级门限值确定是否可以发起随机接入。
结合第二方面、第二方面的第一至第三种可能的实现方式中的任一种可能的实现方式，在第二方面的第四种可能的实现方式中，还包括：
确定模块，用于在所述接收模块接收所述组长设备发送的随机接入请 求消息之前，确定第二随机接入前导码中用于MTC设备随机竞争接入的第一随机接入前导码，以使所述组长设备从所述第一随机接入前导码中选择用于随机接入的前导码，所述第二随机接入前导码为长期演进LTE系统中用于随机竞争接入的前导码。
结合第二方面、第二方面的第一至第四种可能的实现方式中的任一种可能的实现方式，在第二方面的第五种可能的实现方式中，所述第一发送模块，具体用于：
向所述组长设备发送第一随机接入响应消息，所述第一随机接入响应消息中包括：第一定时纠正值、第一上行时频资源指示和第一临时小区无线网络标志号，所述第一上行时频资源指示用于通知所述组长设备发送第一竞争决议消息所需的第一上行时频资源，以使所述组长设备在所述第一上行时频资源上根据所述第一定时纠正值向所述基站发送所述第一竞争决议消息，所述第一竞争决议消息中携带所述第一临时小区无线网络标志号，所述第一竞争决议消息用于所述组长设备请求随机接入网络；
接收所述第一竞争决议消息，所述第一竞争决议消息中携带所述第一临时小区无线网络标识号；
根据所述第一临时小区无线网络标识号向所述组长设备发送第一竞争结果消息，所述第一竞争结果消息用于通知所述组长设备是否可以随机接入网络。
结合第二方面的第五种可能的实现方式，在第二方面的第六种可能的实现方式中，还包括：分配模块，用于为每组MTC设备组分配组标识ID，所述第一竞争决议消息中携带所述组长设备所在MTC设备组的组ID；
所述第一发送模块，还用于：
接收所述第一竞争决议消息之后，所述基站根据所述组ID向所述组长设备所在MTC设备组中的其他每个MTC设备分别发送第二随机接入响应消息，以使所述组长所在组的其他MTC设备根据所述第一随机接入响应消息进行随机接入网络。
结合第二方面的第六种可能的实现方式，在第二方面的第七种可能的实现方式中，所述第一发送模块，具体用于：
根据所述组ID向所述组长设备所在MTC设备组中的其他MTC设备 分别发送第二随机接入响应消息，所述第二随机接入响应消息中包括：第二定时纠正值、第二上行时频资源指示和第一临时小区无线网络标志号，以使所述MTC设备根据所述第一临时小区无线网络标识号确定所述MTC设备对应的第二临时小区无线网络标识号，所述第二上行时频资源指示用于通知所述MTC设备发送第二竞争决议消息所需的第二上行时频资源，以使所述MTC设备在所述第二上行时频资源上根据所述第二定时纠正值向所述基站发送所述第二竞争决议消息，所述第二竞争决议消息中携带所述第二临时小区无线网络标识号，所述第二竞争决议消息用于所述MTC设备请求随机接入网络；
所述接收模块，还用于：
接收所述第二竞争决议消息，所述第二竞争决议消息中携带所述第二临时小区无线网络标识号；
所述第一发送模块根据所述第二临时小区无线网络标识号向所述MTC设备发送第二竞争结果消息，所述第二竞争结果消息用于通知所述MTC设备是否可以随机接入网络。
结合第二方面的第七种可能的实现方式，在第二方面的第八种可能的实现方式中，所述分配模块还用于：为所述MTC设备组中的每个MTC设备分配索引号，以使所述MTC设备根据所述第一临时小区无线网络标识号和所述MTC设备索引号确定所述第二临时小区无线网络标识号。
结合第二方面、第二方面的第一至第八种可能的实现方式中的任一种可能的实现方式，在第二方面的第九种可能的实现方式中，所述确定模块，还用于在所述第一发送模块向所述组长设备发送随机接入响应消息之前，确定所述组长设备所在组中的MTC设备的个数；
所述分配模块，还用于根据所述MTC设备的个数为本组MTC设备分配所述第一上行时频资源和所述第二上行时频资源。
本发明第三方面提供一种MTC设备接入系统，包括多个MTC设备以及如第二方面、第二方面的第一至第九种可能的实现方式中的任一种可能的实现方式中的所述的基站。
本发明中，基站将至少两个MTC设备分为至少两组MTC设备组，然后基站选择每组MTC设备组对应的组长设备，进而基站接收组长设备代 表组长所在组中的其他MTC设备发送的随机接入请求消息，随机接入请求消息中包括第一随机接入前导码，随机接入请求消息为组长代表组长所在MTC设备组发送的消息，最后，基站向组长设备发送第一随机接入响应消息，以使组长设备和组长设备所在MTC设备组中的其他MTC设备根据第一随机接入响应消息进行随机接入网络。其中，基站将MTC设备进行分组并选择组长，从而使得组长代表整个MTC设备组从可用的随机接入前导码中选择第一随机接入前导码进行随机接入网络，有效减小了多个MTC设备同时选择相同的第一随机接入前导码的概率，有效提高了MTC设备成功接入的概率。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本发明实施例或现有技术中的技术方案，下面将对实施例或现有技术描述中所需要使用的附图作一简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面描述中的附图是本发明的一些实施例，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动性的前提下，还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。
图1所示为LTE-A系统中基于竞争的随机接入过程；
图2所示为本发明实施例提供的MTC设备接入方法的流程图；
图3所示为将小区内的MTC设备进行分簇的模型图；
图4所示为将小区内的MTC设备进行分组的模型图；
图5所示为前导码分配图；
图6所示为本发明实施例提供的基站的结构示意图；
图7所示为本发明另一实施例提供的基站的结构示意图；
图8所示为本发明再一个实施例提供的基站结构示意图。
具体实施方式
为使本发明实施例的目的、技术方案和优点更加清楚，下面将结合本发明实施例中的附图，对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例是本发明一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提 下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本发明保护的范围。
在LTE-A系统中随机接入过程可分为基于竞争的随机接入和基于非竞争的随机接入过程。二者的本质区别在于发起随机接入前待接入的终端是否收到来自网络分配的专用随机接入资源，比如随机接入前导码。在基于非竞争的随机接入过程中，网络为待接入的终端配置专用随机接入资源，从而避免该终端与其他终端选择相同的资源而发生碰撞冲突；然而在基于竞争的随机接入过程中，由于终端根据小区系统消息中广播的随机接入参数，随机选择接入资源发起接入，因此不同的终端可能选择到相同的随机接入资源，这样就会发生碰撞，导致此次随机接入失败。
但是由于LTE-A系统只有64个随机接入前导码，大量终端的随机接入只能采用基于竞争的随机接入过程，参考3GPP TS 36.3215.1，图1所示为LTE-A系统中基于竞争的随机接入过程，分为4步，如图1所示，LTE-A系统中基于竞争的随机接入过程分为4步，具体为：
步骤101：终端向基站发送随机接入请求消息。
终端在LTE-A系统中规定的64个随机接入前导码中选择一个随机接入前导码，并通过随机接入请求消息Msg1发送至基站。
步骤102：基站向终端发送随机接入响应消息。
当基站接收到终端发送的随机接入请求消息Msg1后，会向终端发送随机接入响应消息Msg2，其中，随机接入响应消息Msg2中包括收到的随机接入前导码序列序号、由接收到的随机接入前导码计算得出的定时提前量(Timing Advance，简称为：TA)、上行时频资源指示(用于竞争决议消息Msg3的上行传输)、临时小区无线网络标识号(Temporary Cell-Radio Network Temporary Identifier，简称为：TC-RNTI)。
步骤103：终端向基站发送竞争决议消息Msg3。
当终端接收到基站发送的与之前随机接入请求消息Msg1中的随机接入前导码匹配的随机接入响应消息Msg2后，终端会向基站发送包括随机接入响应消息Msg2中的TC-RNTI的竞争决议消息Msg3。
步骤104：基站向终端发送竞争结果消息Msg4。
当基站接收到终端发送的竞争决议消息Msg3后，会向终端发送包含TC-RNTI的竞争结果消息Msg4，当终端接收到包含TC-RNTI的竞争结果 消息Msg4后，会检测竞争结果消息Msg4中包含的TC-RNTI与之前发送至基站的竞争决议消息Msg3中的TC-RNTI是否匹配，若匹配，则表明终端接入成功。
但是当终端采用上述的方法进行随机接入时，由于可选择的随机接入前导码的数量有限，因此终端同时选择同一个随机接入前导码进行接入的概率会非常大，这样就会提高终端接入失败的概率。
本发明通过将多个终端设备进行分组，仅通过每组的组长待表全组向基站发送包含随机接入前导码的随机接入请求消息，由于竞争随机接入前导码的终端仅仅为组长，这样就会降低选择同一个随机接入前导码的概率，从而有效提升了终端成功接入的概率。
值得注意的是，本发明中上述的终端为MTC设备。
图2所示为本发明实施例提供的MTC设备接入方法的流程图，如图2所示，本实施例的方法可以包括：
步骤201、基站将至少两个机器类通信MTC设备分为至少两组MTC设备组。
具体的，小区中的MTC设备在初次接入网络时，可以采用现有的图1所示的接入方法进行接入，当MTC设备接入成功后，会向基站上报本MTC设备对应的业务特性信息，从而使得基站可根据MTC设备对应的业务特性信息对所有MTC设备进行分组，已得到至少两则MTC设备组。其中，业务特性信息可以包括但不限于以下信息：功率等级、路径时延。
步骤202：基站选择每组MTC设备组对应的组长设备。
当基站对小区中的MTC设备进行分组后，就可以在每个MTC设备组中选择一个组长设备，从而使得组长设备代表组长设备所在MTC设备组中的其他MTC设备从LTE系统提供的随机接入前导码中选择一个用于本组所有MTC设备进行接入网络的随机接入前导码。
具体选择组长的过程可以为：在步骤201中，基站获取的小区中的MTC设备的业务特性中还包括：每个MTC设备对应的TA，基站根据每个MTC设备对应的TA确定本MTC设备组中的组长设备。
进一步的，可以根据以下准则选择组长设备：
Figure PCTCN2015079348-appb-000001
其中，i表示本组中第i个MTC设备，
Figure PCTCN2015079348-appb-000002
为本MTC设备组对应的平 均TA值，
Figure PCTCN2015079348-appb-000003
M为本组MTC设备组中MTC设备的个数，TAi为本组MTC设备组中第i个MTC设备的TA，1≤i≤M。
当出现多个MTC设备的TA均接近本组平均TA值
Figure PCTCN2015079348-appb-000004
时，基站从中随机选取一个作为组长设备。
步骤203：基站接收组长设备发送的随机接入请求消息，随机接入请求消息中包括第一随机接入前导码，随机接入请求消息为组长代表组长所在MTC设备组发送的消息。
当某个MTC设备组有数据需要发送时，组长设备由空闲状态转为监听状态，代表组长设备所在MTC设备组中的其他MTC设备从LTE系统中的随机接入前导码中选择一个第一随机接入前导码进行随机接入，并向基站发送携带将选择的第一随机接入前导码的随机接入请求消息，此时的接入过程无需MTC设备组中的每个MTC设备均从LTE系统中的随机接入前导码中选择一个随机接入前导码进行随机接入，有效减小了多个MTC设备选择相同的随机接入前导码导致随机接入失败的概率。
步骤204：基站向组长设备发送第一随机接入响应消息，以使组长设备设备和组长设备所在MTC设备组中的其他MTC设备根据第一随机接入响应消息进行随机接入网络。
具体的，当基站接收到组长设备发送的随机接入请求消息(以下实施例中记为：Msg1)后，计算出组长设备对应的第一定时纠正值、第一上行时频资源和第一临时小区无线网络标志号TC-RNTI0，并向组长设备发送携带第一定时纠正值TA0、第一上行时频资源指示和TC-RNTI0的第一随机接入响应消息(以下实施例中记为：Msg20)，第一上行时频资源指示用于通知组长设备发送第一竞争决议消息所需的第一上行时频资源。
当组长设备接收到基站发送的Msg20后，根据Msg20中分配的第一上行时频资源，发送第一竞争决议消息(以下实施例中记为：Msg30)，也即在第一上行时频资源上根据TA0发送携带TC-RNTI0的Msg30。
当基站接收到组长设备发送的Msg30后，也即表明没有发送碰撞，则基站向组长设备发送携带TC-RNTI0的第一竞争结果消息(以下实施例中记为：Msg40)。
当组长设备接收到Msg40后，若Msg40中携带的TC-RNTI0与组长设 备向基站发送的Msg30中的TC-RNTI0相同，则表明组长设备接入成功。
进一步的，当基站对小区中的MTC设备进行分组的时候，可以为每个MTC设备组分配组标识(Identification，简称为：ID)，此组ID用于标识MTC设备组，在组长设备向基站发送的Msg30中还会携带组长设备所在MTC设备组的组ID，从而，当基站接收到Msg30后，会根据组ID向组长设备所在MTC设备组中的其他MTC设备发送第二随机接入响应消息(以下实施例中记为：Msg21)，以使其他MTC设备根据接收的Msg21请求随机接入网络。
具体的，基站根据组ID根据组ID向组长设备所在MTC设备组中的其他每个MTC设备分别发送第二随机接入响应消息Msg21，其中Msg21中携带其他每个MTC设备对应的第二定时纠正值TA1、第二上行时频资源指示和组长设备对应的TC-RNTI0，第二上行时频资源指示用于通知MTC设备发送第二竞争决议消息所需的第二上行时频资源。
当组长设备所在MTC设备组中的MTC设备接收到Msg21后，首先根据其中的TC-RNTI0确定本MTC设备对应的第二临时小区无线网络标志号TC-RNTI1。然后根据Msg20中分配的第二上行时频资源，发送第二竞争决议消息(以下实施例中记为：Msg31)，也即在第二上行时频资源上根据TA1发送携带TC-RNTI1的Msg31。
当基站接收到组长设备所在MTC设备组中的MTC设备发送的Msg31后，也即表明没有发送碰撞，则基站向MTC设备发送携带TC-RNTI1的第一竞争结果消息(以下实施例中记为：Msg41)。
当MTC设备接收到Msg41后，若Msg41中携带的TC-RNTI1与本MTC设备向基站发送的Msg31中的TC-RNTI1相同，则表明此MTC设备接入成功。
进一步的，MTC设备根据TC-RNTI0确定本MTC设备对应的TC-RNTI1具体可以为：
基站为MTC设备组中的每个MTC设备分配索引号，本MTC设备对应的TC-RNTI1为TC-RNTI0与本MTC设备的索引号之和，也即：
TC-RNTI1＝TC-RNTI0+本MTC设备的索引号。
本实施例中，基站将至少两个MTC设备分为至少两组MTC设备组， 然后基站选择每组MTC设备组对应的组长设备，进而基站接收组长设备代表组长所在组中的其他MTC设备发送的随机接入请求消息，随机接入请求消息中包括第一随机接入前导码，随机接入请求消息为组长代表组长所在MTC设备组发送的消息，最后，基站向组长设备发送第一随机接入响应消息，以使组长设备和组长设备所在MTC设备组中的其他MTC设备根据第一随机接入响应消息进行随机接入网络。其中，基站将MTC设备进行分组并选择组长，从而使得组长代表整个MTC设备组从可用的随机接入前导码中选择第一随机接入前导码进行随机接入网络，有效减小了多个MTC设备同时选择相同的第一随机接入前导码的概率，有效提高了MTC设备成功接入的概率。
可选的，为了避免MTC设备进行随机接入对H2H终端随机接入的影响，在步骤203之前还可以包括：将MTC设备所用的随机接入资源与H2H终端所使用的随机接入资源分开，把LTE系统64个接入前导码中用于随机竞争接入的N个前导分配出X个用于H2H终端和MTC设备的随机竞争接入。从而可以避免在一段时间内大量MTC设备的接入所造成的H2H终端不能正常接入，保证了H2H终端的接入质量。图5所示为前导码分配图。
可选的，在步骤201中，基站在对MTC设备进行分组的时候，可以设置每组中MTC设备的数量的最大值，当组中的MTC设备大于最大值时，可根据剩余的MTC设备重新建立MTC设备组，当限制了MTC设备组组内成员的数量后，就能够降低组内成员同时发送竞争决议消息Msg3时的碰撞概率。
在步骤201中，基站按照业务特性对本小区内的MTC设备进行分组的过程中，可以先将总是能保持相同状态(接入、附着、释放)的MTC设备分成一个簇，每个簇内的MTC成员设备必然具有相同的QoS需求，图3所示为将小区内的MTC设备进行分簇的模型图，然后根据业务特性中的功率等级和路径时延，也即把位置相近的MTC设备再分为各个MTC设备组，图4所示为将小区内的MTC设备进行分组的模型图。
进一步的，由于每个MTC设备组对应的时延预算不同，为了有效减少大量MTC设备同时接入网络而造成碰撞，可以通过对不同时延预算的 MTC设备组设置不同接入等级，并优先时延容忍延迟较小的高优先级MTC设备组以较小时延接入网络，从而保障不同M2M业务特性的QoS需求。
假设小区中共有N个MTC设备，共分成K个MTC设备组，每个MTC设备组有Mk(k＝1,2,…,K)个MTC设备，则
N＝M1+M2+…+Mk
每个接入组的组长记为GDK，根据每个MTC设备组的服务质量(Quality of Service，简称为：QoS)需求，设每个MTC设备组中的MTC设备的容忍接入时间延迟预算或门限为Tb，组长设备随机接入的已等待接入时间记为Tw，即组长剩余容忍延迟时间为Tb-Tw，基站根据MTC的分组数目和网络的负载特性设置一个接入优先级门限，记为p；每个MTC设备组的随机接入优先级p记为：
Figure PCTCN2015079348-appb-000005
其中，p为MTC设备组的随机接入优先级，μ为权重因子，表示两部分因素占的影响比重，Tw为组长设备随机接入的已等待接入时间，Tb为每个MTC设备组中的MTC设备的容忍接入时间延迟预算或门限。
接入优先级的范围为(0，1)，接入优先级由两部分构成，(1-μ)·rand(1)是产生0到1的随机数，表示MTC设备组以某一定的概率p发起随机接入；
Figure PCTCN2015079348-appb-000006
是时延容忍延迟，当接入等待时间占容忍延迟预算的比重越大，接入优先级就越高。通过优先级接入控制可以降低接入碰撞概率。
当所述组长设备向基站发送的随机接入请求消息之前，基站可以根据当前网络的资源使用情况设置不同的接入优先级门限，并向组长设备发送随机接入优先级门限值Ph，以使所述组长设备根据所述随机接入优先级门限值Ph确定是否可以发起随机接入，从而可以有效控制MTC设备对H2H设备接入造成的影响。
当组长设备接收到基站发送的随机接入优先级门限值Ph后，会判断自身对应的随机接入优先级p是否满足预设的关系式，若满足，则从可选的随机接入前导码中随机选择一个随机接入前导码，向基站发送随机接入请 求消息Msg1。否则，等待时间tback之后，重新发送随机接入请求消息Msg1。
其中，预设的关系式为：
P≥Ph
当组长设备接入失败之后，采用回退接入机制来避免各个MTC设备组之间的MTC设备的接入碰撞，可定待回退时间后重新发起接入，回退时间记为：
tback＝α(Tb-Tw)
其中，tback为回退时间，Tw为组长设备随机接入的已等待接入时间，Tb为每个MTC设备组中的MTC设备的容忍接入时间延迟预算或门限。
可选的，基站可在系统消息SIB2中向所有MTC设备组的组长设备广播当前系统的随机接入优先级门限值Ph。基站可以根据当前网络的资源使用情况设置不同的接入优先级门限，从而可以有效控制MTC设备对H2H设备接入造成的影响。
可选的，若组长设备在预设时间内没有接收到第一随机接入响应消息，则等待时间tback之后重新发起随机接入请求消息Msg1。当组长设备重新发起接入请求次数超过系统规定次数，则本组MTC设备接入失败。
可选的，当基站为小区中的MTC设备进行分组时，可以获知每组MTC设备组中的MTC设备的个数，基站可根据每组MTC设备组中的MTC设备的个数确定用于组长设备发送Msg30所需的第一上行时频资源以及其他MTC设备发送Msg31所需的第二上行时频资源。也即，基站可根据MTC设备组中的MTC设备数量分配相应的资源，从而避免了资源的浪费。
可选的，当网络中可用的资源较少时，也即基站分配给组长设备所在MTC设备组中的其他每个MTC设备用于发送Msg31所需的第二上行时频资源不足以使得所有的MTC设备发送Msg31消息，从而导致部分MTC设备接入失败，为了提高MTC设备组中的MTC设备接入成功的概率，当基站发现组长设备所在MTC设备组中的部分MTC设备在预设的时间内未成功接入，则向此类MTC设备发送二次寻呼消息，所述二次寻呼消息中携带第三上行时频资源，也即再次为此类MTC设备分配承载Msg31消息的第三上行时频资源，从而提高了MTC设备接入成功的概率。
可选的，当组内的MTC设备因为出现故障问题时，在一段时间内停止工作，基站在二次寻呼之后仍不能成功接入，则认为此MTC设备从组 内“丢失”，基站从组内删除此设备的成员索引，此MTC设备恢复正常后，应执行初始随机接入来上报自己的信息来获得重新分组。
图6所示为本发明实施例提供的基站的结构示意图，如图6所示，该基站，包括：
分组模块301，用于将至少两个MTC设备分为至少两组MTC设备组；
组长选择模块302，用于选择每组MTC设备组对应的组长设备；
接收模块303，用于接收组长设备代表组长所在组中的其他MTC设备发送的随机接入请求消息，随机接入请求消息中包括第一随机接入前导码，随机接入请求消息为组长代表组长所在MTC设备组发送的消息；
第一发送模块304，用于向组长设备发送第一随机接入响应消息，以使组长设备和组长设备所在MTC设备组中的其他MTC设备根据第一随机接入响应消息进行随机接入网络。
可选的，分组模块301，具体用于：
获取至少两个MTC设备的业务特性信息，业务特性信息包括以下特性信息中至少一项：功率等级、路径时延。
根据至少两个MTC设备的业务特性信息将至少两个MTC设备分为至少两组MTC设备组。
可选的，业务特性还包括：每个MTC设备的初始定时纠正值，
分组模块301，还用于：
根据MTC设备组内每个MTC设备对应的初始定时纠正值确定组长设备。
进一步的，图7所示为本发明另一实施例提供的基站的结构示意图，如图7所示，对于上述的基站，其还可以进一步包括：
第二发送模块305，用于在接收模块303接收组长设备发送的随机接入请求消息之前，向组长设备发送随机接入优先级门限值，以使组长设备根据随机接入优先级门限值确定是否可以发起随机接入。
进一步的，如图7所示，对于上述的基站，其还可以进一步包括：
确定模块306，用于在接收模块303接收组长设备发送的随机接入请求消息之前，确定第二随机接入前导码中用于MTC设备随机竞争接入的第一随机接入前导码，以使组长设备从第一随机接入前导码中选择用于随 机接入的前导码，第二随机接入前导码为LTE系统中用于随机竞争接入的前导码。
进一步的，第一发送模块304，具体用于：
向组长设备发送第一随机接入响应消息，第一随机接入响应消息中包括：第一定时纠正值、第一上行时频资源指示和第一临时小区无线网络标志号，第一上行时频资源指示用于通知组长设备发送第一竞争决议消息所需的第一上行时频资源，以使组长设备在第一上行时频资源上根据第一定时纠正值向基站发送第一竞争决议消息，第一竞争决议消息中携带第一临时小区无线网络标志号，第一竞争决议消息用于组长设备请求随机接入网络；
接收第一竞争决议消息，第一竞争决议消息中携带第一临时小区无线网络标识号；
根据第一临时小区无线网络标识号向组长设备发送第一竞争结果消息，第一竞争结果消息用于通知组长设备是否可以随机接入网络。
进一步的，如图7所示，对于上述的基站，其还可以进一步包括：
分配模块307，用于为每组MTC设备组分配组标识ID，第一竞争决议消息中携带组长设备所在MTC设备组的组ID；
第一发送模块304，还用于：
接收第一竞争决议消息之后，基站根据组ID向组长设备所在MTC设备组中的其他每个MTC设备分别发送第二随机接入响应消息，以使组长所在组的其他MTC设备根据第一随机接入响应消息进行随机接入网络。
进一步的，第一发送模块304，具体用于：
根据组ID向组长设备所在MTC设备组中的其他MTC设备分别发送第二随机接入响应消息，第二随机接入响应消息中包括：第二定时纠正值、第二上行时频资源指示和第一临时小区无线网络标志号，以使MTC设备根据第一临时小区无线网络标识号确定MTC设备对应的第二临时小区无线网络标识号，第二上行时频资源指示用于通知MTC设备发送第二竞争决议消息所需的第二上行时频资源，以使MTC设备在第二上行时频资源上根据第二定时纠正值向基站发送第二竞争决议消息，第二竞争决议消息中携带第二临时小区无线网络标识号，第二竞争决议消息用于MTC设备 请求随机接入网络；
接收模块303，还用于：
接收第二竞争决议消息，第二竞争决议消息中携带第二临时小区无线网络标识号；
第一发送模块304根据第二临时小区无线网络标识号向MTC设备发送第二竞争结果消息，第二竞争结果消息用于通知MTC设备是否可以随机接入网络。
可选的，分配模块307还用于：为MTC设备组中的每个MTC设备分配索引号，以使MTC设备根据第一临时小区无线网络标识号和MTC设备索引号确定第二临时小区无线网络标识号。
可选的，确定模块306，还用于在第一发送模块304向组长设备发送随机接入响应消息之前，确定组长设备所在组中的MTC设备的个数；
分配模块307，还用于根据MTC设备的个数为本组MTC设备分配第一上行时频资源和第二上行时频资源。
本实施例提供的基站，可以用于执行图2所示方法实施例的技术方案，其实现原理和技术效果类似，此处不再赘述。
在硬件实现上，上述实施例中的各个单元可以以硬件形式内嵌于或独立于基站的处理器中，也可以以软件形式存储于基站的存储器中，以便于处理器调用执行以上各个单元对应的操作，该处理器可以为CPU、微处理器、单片机等。
图8所示为本发明再一个实施例提供的基站结构示意图，本实施例提供的基站用以执行图2所示的MTC设备接入方法，该基站包括：存储器401、处理器402、接收器403、发送器404和总线系统405。
其中，存储器401、处理器402、接收器403和发送器404之间是通过总线系统405耦合在一起的，其中总线系统405除包括数据总线之外，还可以包括电源总线、控制总线和状态信号总线等。但是为了清楚说明起见，在图中将各种总线都标为总线系统405。
存储器401用于存储一组代码，该代码用于控制处理器402、接收器403和发送器404执行以下动作：
处理器402，用于基站将至少两个MTC设备分为至少两组MTC设备 组；
处理器402，还用于选择每组所述MTC设备组对应的组长设备；
接收器403，用于接收所述组长设备代表组长所在组中的其他MTC设备发送的随机接入请求消息，所述随机接入请求消息中包括第一随机接入前导码，所述随机接入请求消息为所述组长代表所述组长所在MTC设备组发送的消息；
发送器404，用于向所述组长设备发送第一随机接入响应消息，以使所述组长设备和所述组长设备所在MTC设备组中的其他MTC设备根据所述第一随机接入响应消息进行随机接入网络。
可选的，将至少两个MTC设备分为至少两组MTC设备组，具体包括：
获取所述至少两个MTC设备的业务特性信息，所述业务特性信息包括以下特性信息中至少一项：功率等级、路径时延。
根据所述至少两个MTC设备的业务特性信息将所述至少两个MTC设备分为至少两组MTC设备组。
可选的，所述业务特性还包括：每个MTC设备的初始定时纠正值，
选择每组所述MTC设备组对应的组长设备，具体包括：
根据所述MTC设备组内每个所述MTC设备对应的初始定时纠正值确定所述组长设备。
可选的，接收所述组长设备发送的随机接入请求消息之前，还包括：
发送器404向组长设备发送随机接入优先级门限值，以使所述组长设备根据所述随机接入优先级门限值确定是否可以发起随机接入。
可选的，接收所述组长设备发送的随机接入请求消息之前，还包括：处理器402确定第二随机接入前导码中用于MTC设备随机竞争接入的第一随机接入前导码，以使所述组长设备从所述第一随机接入前导码中选择用于随机接入的前导码，所述第二随机接入前导码为LTE系统中用于随机竞争接入的前导码。
可选的，向所述组长设备发送第一随机接入响应消息，以使所述组长设备根据所述第一随机接入响应消息进行随机接入网络，包括：
发送器404，还用于向所述组长设备发送第一随机接入响应消息，所述第一随机接入响应消息中包括：第一定时纠正值、第一上行时频资源和 第一临时小区无线网络标志号，以使所述组长设备在所述第一上行时频资源上根据所述第一定时纠正值向发送第一竞争决议消息，所述第一竞争决议消息中携带所述第一临时小区无线网络标志号，所述第一竞争决议消息用于所述组长设备请求随机接入网络；
接收器403，还用于接收所述第一竞争决议消息，所述第一竞争决议消息中携带所述第一临时小区无线网络标识号；
发送器404，还用于根据所述第一临时小区无线网络标识号向所述组长设备发送第一竞争结果消息，所述第一竞争结果消息用于通知所述组长设备是否可以随机接入网络。
可选的，处理器402还用于为每组MTC设备组分配组ID，所述第一竞争决议消息中携带所述组长设备所在MTC设备组的组ID；
向所述组长设备发送第一随机接入响应消息，以使所述组长所在组的其他MTC设备根据所述第一随机接入响应消息进行随机接入网络，包括：
接收所述第一竞争决议消息之后，根据所述组ID向所述组长设备所在MTC设备组中的其他每个MTC设备分别发送第二随机接入响应消息，以使所述组长所在组的其他MTC设备根据所述第一随机接入响应消息进行随机接入网络。
可选的，根据所述组ID向所述组长设备所在MTC设备组中的其他每个MTC设备分别发送第二随机接入响应消息，以使所述组长所在MTC设备组中的其他MTC设备根据所述第一随机接入响应消息进行随机接入网络，包括：
发送器404，还用于根据所述组ID向所述组长设备所在MTC设备组中的其他MTC设备分别发送第二随机接入响应消息，所述第二随机接入响应消息中包括：第二定时纠正值、第二上行时频资源和第一临时小区无线网络标志号，以使所述MTC设备根据所述第一临时小区无线网络标识号确定所述MTC设备对应的第二临时小区无线网络标识号，所述第二随机接入响应消息用于所述MTC设备在所述第二上行时频资源上根据所述第二定时纠正值向发送第二竞争决议消息，所述第二竞争决议消息中携带所述第二临时小区无线网络标识号，所述第二竞争决议消息用于所述MTC设备请求随机接入网络；
接收器403，还用于接收所述第二竞争决议消息，所述第二竞争决议消息中携带所述第二临时小区无线网络标识号；
发送器404，还用于根据所述第二临时小区无线网络标识号向所述MTC设备发送第二竞争结果消息，所述第二竞争结果消息用于通知所述MTC设备是否可以随机接入网络。
可选的，处理器402还用于为所述MTC设备组中的每个MTC设备分配索引号，以使所述MTC设备根据所述第一临时小区无线网络标识号和所述MTC设备索引号确定所述第二临时小区无线网络标识号。
可选的，向所述组长设备发送随机接入响应消息之前，还包括：
处理器402还用于确定所述组长设备所在组中的MTC设备的个数；
处理器402还用于根据所述MTC设备的个数为本组MTC设备分配所述第一上行时频资源和所述第二上行时频资源。
本实施例提供的基站，可以用于执行图2所示方法实施例的技术方案，其实现原理和技术效果类似，此处不再赘述。
本发明实施例还提供了一种MTC设备接入系统，包括：多个MTC设备以及如上述实施例中提供的基站。
在本申请所提供的几个实施例中，应该理解到，所揭露的系统，装置和方法，可以通过其它的方式实现。例如，以上所描述的装置实施例仅仅是示意性的，例如，所述单元的划分，仅仅为一种逻辑功能划分，实际实现时可以有另外的划分方式，例如多个单元或组件可以结合或者可以集成到另一个系统，或一些特征可以忽略，或不执行。另一点，所显示或讨论的相互之间的耦合或直接耦合或通信连接可以是通过一些接口，装置或单元的间接耦合或通信连接，可以是电性，机械或其它的形式。
所述作为分离部件说明的单元可以是或者也可以不是物理上分开的，作为单元显示的部件可以是或者也可以不是物理单元，即可以位于一个地方，或者也可以分布到多个网络单元上。可以根据实际的需要选择其中的部分或者全部单元来实现本实施例方案的目的。
另外，在本发明各个实施例中的各功能单元可以集成在一个处理单元中，也可以是各个单元单独物理包括，也可以两个或两个以上单元集成在一个单元中。上述集成的单元既可以采用硬件的形式实现，也可以采用硬件加软件 功能单元的形式实现。
上述以软件功能单元的形式实现的集成的单元，可以存储在一个计算机可读取存储介质中。上述软件功能单元存储在一个存储介质中，包括若干指令用以使得一台计算机设备(可以是个人计算机，服务器，或者网络设备等)执行本发明各个实施例所述方法的部分步骤。而前述的存储介质包括：U盘、移动硬盘、只读存储器(英文:Read-Only Memory，简称ROM)、随机存取存储器(英文:Random Access Memory，简称RAM)、磁碟或者光盘等各种可以存储程序代码的介质。
最后应说明的是：以上实施例仅用以说明本发明的技术方案，而非对其限制；尽管参照前述实施例对本发明进行了详细的说明，本领域的普通技术人员应当理解：其依然可以对前述各实施例所记载的技术方案进行修改，或者对其中部分技术特征进行等同替换；而这些修改或者替换，并不使相应技术方案的本质脱离本发明各实施例技术方案的精神和范围。

Claims (21)

  1. 一种MTC设备的随机接入方法，其特征在于，包括：
    基站将至少两个机器类通信MTC设备分为至少两组MTC设备组；
    所述基站选择每组所述MTC设备组对应的组长设备；
    所述基站接收所述组长设备代表组长所在组中的其他MTC设备发送的随机接入请求消息，所述随机接入请求消息中包括第一随机接入前导码，所述随机接入请求消息为所述组长代表所述组长所在MTC设备组发送的消息；
    所述基站向所述组长设备发送第一随机接入响应消息，以使所述组长设备和所述组长设备所在MTC设备组中的其他MTC设备根据所述第一随机接入响应消息进行随机接入网络。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于，所述基站将至少两个MTC设备分为至少两组MTC设备组，包括：
    所述基站获取所述至少两个MTC设备的业务特性信息，所述业务特性信息包括以下特性信息中至少一项：功率等级、路径时延；
    所述基站根据所述至少两个MTC设备的业务特性信息将所述至少两个MTC设备分为至少两组MTC设备组。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的方法，其特征在于，所述业务特性还包括：每个MTC设备的初始定时纠正值，
    所述基站选择每组所述MTC设备组对应的组长设备，包括：
    所述基站根据所述MTC设备组内每个所述MTC设备对应的初始定时纠正值确定所述组长设备。
  4. 根据权利要求1-3任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述基站接收所述组长设备发送的随机接入请求消息之前，还包括：
    所述基站向组长设备发送随机接入优先级门限值，以使所述组长设备根据所述随机接入优先级门限值确定是否可以发起随机接入。
  5. 根据权利要求1-4任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述基站接收所述组长设备发送的随机接入请求消息之前，还包括：所述基站确定第二随机接入前导码中用于MTC设备随机竞争接入的第一随机接入前导码，以使所述组长设备从所述第一随机接入前导码中选择用于随机接入的前 导码，所述第二随机接入前导码为长期演进LTE系统中用于随机竞争接入的前导码。
  6. 根据权利要求1-5任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述基站向所述组长设备发送第一随机接入响应消息，以使所述组长设备根据所述第一随机接入响应消息进行随机接入网络，包括：
    所述基站向所述组长设备发送第一随机接入响应消息，所述第一随机接入响应消息中包括：第一定时纠正值、第一上行时频资源指示和第一临时小区无线网络标志号，所述第一上行时频资源指示用于通知所述组长设备发送第一竞争决议消息所需的第一上行时频资源，以使所述组长设备在所述第一上行时频资源上根据所述第一定时纠正值向所述基站发送所述第一竞争决议消息，所述第一竞争决议消息中携带所述第一临时小区无线网络标志号，所述第一竞争决议消息用于所述组长设备请求随机接入网络；
    所述基站接收所述第一竞争决议消息，所述第一竞争决议消息中携带所述第一临时小区无线网络标识号；
    所述基站根据所述第一临时小区无线网络标识号向所述组长设备发送第一竞争结果消息，所述第一竞争结果消息用于通知所述组长设备是否可以随机接入网络。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的方法，其特征在于，所述基站为每组MTC设备组分配组标识ID，所述第一竞争决议消息中携带所述组长设备所在MTC设备组的组ID；
    所述基站向所述组长设备发送第一随机接入响应消息，以使所述组长所在组的其他MTC设备根据所述第一随机接入响应消息进行随机接入网络，包括：
    所述基站接收所述第一竞争决议消息之后，所述基站根据所述组ID向所述组长设备所在MTC设备组中的其他每个MTC设备分别发送第二随机接入响应消息，以使所述组长所在组的其他MTC设备根据所述第一随机接入响应消息进行随机接入网络。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的方法，其特征在于，所述基站根据所述组ID向所述组长设备所在MTC设备组中的其他每个MTC设备分别发送第 二随机接入响应消息，以使所述组长所在MTC设备组中的其他MTC设备根据所述第一随机接入响应消息进行随机接入网络，包括：
    所述基站根据所述组ID向所述组长设备所在MTC设备组中的其他MTC设备分别发送第二随机接入响应消息，所述第二随机接入响应消息中包括：第二定时纠正值、第二上行时频资源指示和第一临时小区无线网络标志号，以使所述MTC设备根据所述第一临时小区无线网络标识号确定所述MTC设备对应的第二临时小区无线网络标识号，所述第二上行时频资源指示用于通知所述MTC设备发送第二竞争决议消息所需的第二上行时频资源，以使所述MTC设备在所述第二上行时频资源上根据所述第二定时纠正值向所述基站发送所述第二竞争决议消息，所述第二竞争决议消息中携带所述第二临时小区无线网络标识号，所述第二竞争决议消息用于所述MTC设备请求随机接入网络；
    所述基站接收所述第二竞争决议消息，所述第二竞争决议消息中携带所述第二临时小区无线网络标识号；
    所述基站根据所述第二临时小区无线网络标识号向所述MTC设备发送第二竞争结果消息，所述第二竞争结果消息用于通知所述MTC设备是否可以随机接入网络。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的方法，其特征在于，所述基站为所述MTC设备组中的每个MTC设备分配索引号，以使所述MTC设备根据所述第一临时小区无线网络标识号和所述MTC设备索引号确定所述第二临时小区无线网络标识号。
  10. 根据权利要求1-9任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述基站向所述组长设备发送随机接入响应消息之前，还包括：
    所述基站确定所述组长设备所在组中的MTC设备的个数；
    所述基站根据所述MTC设备的个数为本组MTC设备分配所述第一上行时频资源和所述第二上行时频资源。
  11. 一种基站，其特征在于，包括：
    分组模块，用于将至少两个机器类通信MTC设备分为至少两组MTC设备组；
    组长选择模块，用于选择每组所述MTC设备组对应的组长设备；
    接收模块，用于接收所述组长设备代表组长所在组中的其他MTC设备发送的随机接入请求消息，所述随机接入请求消息中包括第一随机接入前导码，所述随机接入请求消息为所述组长代表所述组长所在MTC设备组发送的消息；
    第一发送模块，用于向所述组长设备发送第一随机接入响应消息，以使所述组长设备和所述组长设备所在MTC设备组中的其他MTC设备根据所述第一随机接入响应消息进行随机接入网络。
  12. 根据权利要求11所述的基站，其特征在于，所述分组模块，具体用于：
    获取所述至少两个MTC设备的业务特性信息，所述业务特性信息包括以下特性信息中至少一项：功率等级、路径时延；
    根据所述至少两个MTC设备的业务特性信息将所述至少两个MTC设备分为至少两组MTC设备组。
  13. 根据权利要求12所述的基站，其特征在于，所述业务特性还包括：每个MTC设备的初始定时纠正值，
    所述分组模块，还用于：
    根据所述MTC设备组内每个所述MTC设备对应的初始定时纠正值确定所述组长设备。
  14. 根据权利要求11-13任一项所述的基站，其特征在于，还包括：
    第二发送模块，用于在所述接收模块接收所述组长设备发送的随机接入请求消息之前，向组长设备发送随机接入优先级门限值，以使所述组长设备根据所述随机接入优先级门限值确定是否可以发起随机接入。
  15. 根据权利要求11-14任一项所述的基站，其特征在于，还包括：
    确定模块，用于在所述接收模块接收所述组长设备发送的随机接入请求消息之前，确定第二随机接入前导码中用于MTC设备随机竞争接入的第一随机接入前导码，以使所述组长设备从所述第一随机接入前导码中选择用于随机接入的前导码，所述第二随机接入前导码为长期演进LTE系统中用于随机竞争接入的前导码。
  16. 根据权利要求11-15任一项所述的基站，其特征在于，所述第一发送模块，具体用于：
    向所述组长设备发送第一随机接入响应消息，所述第一随机接入响应消息中包括：第一定时纠正值、第一上行时频资源指示和第一临时小区无线网络标志号，所述第一上行时频资源指示用于通知所述组长设备发送第一竞争决议消息所需的第一上行时频资源，以使所述组长设备在所述第一上行时频资源上根据所述第一定时纠正值向所述基站发送所述第一竞争决议消息，所述第一竞争决议消息中携带所述第一临时小区无线网络标志号，所述第一竞争决议消息用于所述组长设备请求随机接入网络；
    接收所述第一竞争决议消息，所述第一竞争决议消息中携带所述第一临时小区无线网络标识号；
    根据所述第一临时小区无线网络标识号向所述组长设备发送第一竞争结果消息，所述第一竞争结果消息用于通知所述组长设备是否可以随机接入网络。
  17. 根据权利要求16所述的基站，其特征在于，还包括：分配模块，用于为每组MTC设备组分配组标识ID，所述第一竞争决议消息中携带所述组长设备所在MTC设备组的组ID；
    所述第一发送模块，还用于：
    接收所述第一竞争决议消息之后，所述基站根据所述组ID向所述组长设备所在MTC设备组中的其他每个MTC设备分别发送第二随机接入响应消息，以使所述组长所在组的其他MTC设备根据所述第一随机接入响应消息进行随机接入网络。
  18. 根据权利要求17所述的基站，其特征在于，所述第一发送模块，具体用于：
    根据所述组ID向所述组长设备所在MTC设备组中的其他MTC设备分别发送第二随机接入响应消息，所述第二随机接入响应消息中包括：第二定时纠正值、第二上行时频资源指示和第一临时小区无线网络标志号，以使所述MTC设备根据所述第一临时小区无线网络标识号确定所述MTC设备对应的第二临时小区无线网络标识号，所述第二上行时频资源指示用于通知所述MTC设备发送第二竞争决议消息所需的第二上行时频资源，以使所述MTC设备在所述第二上行时频资源上根据所述第二定时纠正值向所述基站发送所述第二竞争决议消息，所述第二竞争决议消息中携带所 述第二临时小区无线网络标识号，所述第二竞争决议消息用于所述MTC设备请求随机接入网络；
    所述接收模块，还用于：
    接收所述第二竞争决议消息，所述第二竞争决议消息中携带所述第二临时小区无线网络标识号；
    所述第一发送模块根据所述第二临时小区无线网络标识号向所述MTC设备发送第二竞争结果消息，所述第二竞争结果消息用于通知所述MTC设备是否可以随机接入网络。
  19. 根据权利要求18所述的基站，其特征在于，所述分配模块还用于：为所述MTC设备组中的每个MTC设备分配索引号，以使所述MTC设备根据所述第一临时小区无线网络标识号和所述MTC设备索引号确定所述第二临时小区无线网络标识号。
  20. 根据权利要求11-19任一项所述的基站，其特征在于，所述确定模块，还用于在所述第一发送模块向所述组长设备发送随机接入响应消息之前，确定所述组长设备所在组中的MTC设备的个数；
    所述分配模块，还用于根据所述MTC设备的个数为本组MTC设备分配所述第一上行时频资源和所述第二上行时频资源。
  21. 一种MTC设备接入系统，其特征在于，包括多个MTC设备以及如权利要求11-20任一项所述的基站。
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