WO2016181447A1 - X-ray imaging device - Google Patents

X-ray imaging device Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2016181447A1
WO2016181447A1 PCT/JP2015/063415 JP2015063415W WO2016181447A1 WO 2016181447 A1 WO2016181447 A1 WO 2016181447A1 JP 2015063415 W JP2015063415 W JP 2015063415W WO 2016181447 A1 WO2016181447 A1 WO 2016181447A1
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Prior art keywords
center
subject
gravity
ray imaging
imaging apparatus
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PCT/JP2015/063415
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French (fr)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
亮 勝股
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株式会社島津製作所
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Priority to PCT/JP2015/063415 priority Critical patent/WO2016181447A1/en
Priority to JP2017517472A priority patent/JP6451838B2/en
Publication of WO2016181447A1 publication Critical patent/WO2016181447A1/en

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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B6/00—Apparatus for radiation diagnosis, e.g. combined with radiation therapy equipment
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B6/00—Apparatus for radiation diagnosis, e.g. combined with radiation therapy equipment
    • A61B6/04—Positioning of patients; Tiltable beds or the like

Definitions

  • the present invention includes an X-ray tube and an X-ray detector that detects X-rays emitted from the X-ray tube and passed through the subject, and images an affected part of the subject in a standing position. About.
  • Such an X-ray imaging apparatus is also referred to as a standing imaging stand, and includes a base portion on which the subject stands, a partition standing from the base portion, and a screen standing on the subject standing on the base portion.
  • An X-ray irradiation unit having an X-ray tube disposed on the opposite side of the screen, and a flat panel detector (FPD) or image intensifier disposed on the opposite side of the subject and the X-ray irradiation unit with respect to the screen (II) and other X-ray detectors (see Patent Document 1).
  • imaging may be performed by an imaging method called standing weight imaging.
  • standing load imaging is performed in which X-ray imaging is performed while a load is applied to the joints of the lower limbs.
  • the joint degeneration bone spine, formation of bone cyst, hardening of subchondral bone, etc.
  • the joint gap narrowness at the time of loading is projected.
  • 14 to 17 are schematic views showing the posture of the subject 100 at the time of standing load imaging.
  • a single leg standing position that can load most on the joint as shown in FIG. 14 is basically used. is there.
  • the posture may collapse as shown in FIG.
  • the present invention has been made to solve the above-described problem, and can easily recognize the collapse of the posture of the subject and prevent inappropriate X-ray imaging from being performed in advance.
  • An object is to provide a possible X-ray imaging apparatus.
  • the invention according to claim 1 is provided with an X-ray tube and an X-ray detector that detects X-rays that are irradiated from the X-ray tube and passed through the subject.
  • an appropriate center-of-gravity position storage unit for storing an appropriate center-of-gravity position in the horizontal plane of the subject for X-ray imaging of the subject in a correct posture, and the subject
  • the center of gravity position detector that detects the center of gravity position in the horizontal plane of the subject in the mounted state, the appropriate center of gravity position stored in the appropriate center of gravity position storage unit, and the center of gravity position detected by the center of gravity position detector;
  • a warning unit that generates a warning signal when the distance becomes equal to or greater than a preset set value.
  • the invention according to claim 2 is the invention according to claim 1, wherein the appropriate center of gravity position is a position of the center of gravity detected by the center of gravity position detector when the subject takes a correct posture. .
  • the invention according to claim 3 is the invention according to claim 1, wherein the appropriate center-of-gravity position is a position of the center of gravity calculated based on physical information of the subject.
  • the physical information of the subject includes any one of the gender, weight, body thickness, and foot size of the subject.
  • the center-of-gravity position detector has a predetermined distance between a plate on which the subject stands and a lower surface of the plate. And three or more pressure sensors that are spaced apart from each other.
  • the contact area change detection means for determining that the contact area between the subject and the plate has been changed in the invention according to any one of the first to fourth aspects. Further prepare.
  • the invention according to claim 7 is the invention according to any one of claims 1 to 4, further comprising contact area detecting means for detecting a position of a contact area between the subject and the barycenter detector. .
  • the warning signal is generated when the distance between the appropriate center of gravity position and the center of gravity position detected by the center of gravity position detector exceeds a preset value.
  • the appropriate center of gravity can be obtained even by an inexperienced operator. X-ray imaging based on position can be easily executed.
  • an appropriate position of the center of gravity is automatically determined. Can be set automatically.
  • the barycentric position detector includes a plate on which the subject stands, and three or more pressure sensors arranged on the lower surface of the plate at a predetermined distance from each other, Therefore, it is possible to detect the position of the center of gravity in the horizontal plane of the subject with a simple configuration.
  • the contact area change detecting means detects that the contact area between the subject and the center of gravity detector has been changed. be able to. For this reason, it is possible to prevent a malfunction of the center of gravity determination operation caused by the change in the standing position of the subject, and it is possible to appropriately determine whether the center of gravity position is appropriate.
  • the position of the contact area between the subject and the center of gravity detector is determined as the contact area detecting means.
  • the position of the contact area between the subject and the center of gravity detector is determined as the contact area detecting means.
  • FIG. 4 is a plan view of a gravity center position detector 20.
  • FIG. 4 is a front view of a gravity center position detector 20.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing a state in which a subject 100 is radiographed by an X-ray imaging apparatus according to the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a perspective view showing a main part of the X-ray imaging apparatus.
  • This X-ray imaging apparatus is also called a standing imaging stand, and includes a base portion 14 for the subject 100 to stand up. On this base part 14, the gravity center position detector 20 for detecting the gravity center position in the horizontal surface of the subject 100 is installed. Further, a screen 12 having translucency is erected on the rear portion of the base portion 14 while being supported by the frame body 11. A support portion 13 is attached to the frame body 11.
  • an X-ray irradiation unit 30 having an X-ray tube 31 and a collimator 32 is disposed on the opposite side of the screen 12 with respect to the subject 100 standing on the base unit 14. Further, an X-ray detector 41 such as a flat panel detector or an image intensifier is disposed on the opposite side of the screen 12 from the subject 100 and the X-ray irradiation unit 30. The X-ray detector 41 can be moved up and down along the column 42. 1 indicates the focal point of the X-ray tube 31.
  • FIG. 3 is a plan view of the gravity center position detector 20, and FIG. 4 is a front view thereof.
  • the center-of-gravity position detector 20 includes a rectangular plate 21 on which the subject 100 stands and four pressure sensors 22 that are spaced apart from each other by a predetermined distance near the corner of the lower surface of the plate 21. And a pair of support portions 23 for supporting the pressure sensor 22. A cross-shaped mark 24 indicating the center of the plate 21 is displayed on the surface of the plate 21. In addition, on the surface of the plate 21, a footprint display 25 is drawn which makes it possible to recognize the approximate size of the foot of the subject 100 and indicates where the subject 100 should place the foot.
  • the center-of-gravity position detector 20 is detected in the horizontal plane of the subject 100 (that is, on the surface of the plate 21) based on detection signals from the four pressure sensors 22 arranged near the corners on the lower surface of the rectangular plate 21. Detect the center of gravity.
  • the center-of-gravity position detector 20 can also measure the weight of the subject 100 using the detection signals of the four pressure sensors 22.
  • the center-of-gravity position detector 20 detects the center of gravity of the subject 100 by measuring the pressure distribution using three or more pressure sensors that are spaced apart from each other by a predetermined distance. Various configurations can be employed.
  • FIG. 5 is a block diagram showing a main control system of the X-ray imaging apparatus according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
  • This X-ray imaging apparatus has a ROM in which an operation program necessary for controlling the apparatus is stored, a RAM in which data and the like are temporarily stored at the time of control, and a CPU that executes logical operations.
  • Part 50 is provided.
  • This control unit 50 is an anatomical program (anatomy) showing subject information such as name, age, sex, weight, body thickness, foot size, etc. of the subject 100 and various X-ray imaging conditions for the subject 100.
  • an in-hospital network 59 that stores data including anatomical imaging conditions / APR).
  • the control unit 50 is connected to a display unit 55 including a liquid crystal display panel and the like for displaying various images and data including an X-ray image and a warning display described later.
  • the control unit 50 is also connected to an operation unit 56 for executing various operations and the above-described center-of-gravity position detector 20.
  • the control unit 50 includes an appropriate center-of-gravity position storage unit 52 that stores an appropriate center-of-gravity position in the horizontal plane of the subject 100 for X-ray imaging of the subject 100 in a correct posture, and the appropriate center-of-gravity position storage unit 52.
  • the comparison unit 53 that compares the distance between the appropriate center of gravity position stored in FIG. 5 and the center of gravity position detected by the center of gravity position detector 20 and the distance between the appropriate center of gravity position compared by the comparison unit 53 and the detected center of gravity position are
  • a warning unit 54 that generates a warning signal when the set value is exceeded.
  • FIG. 6 is a flowchart showing an X-ray imaging operation by the X-ray imaging apparatus according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
  • the operator When executing X-ray imaging, the operator enters the imaging room together with the subject 100 and causes the subject 100 to stand on the barycentric position detector 20. Then, the operator adjusts the posture so that the posture of the subject 100 becomes an appropriate posture as shown in FIG. 14, for example (step S11). At this time, the subject 100 may take a posture as shown in FIG. 16 or FIG.
  • step S12 If the posture of the subject 100 becomes an appropriate posture (step S12), the operator operates the operation unit 56, and the center of gravity detected by the center of gravity position detector 20 at that time is regarded as an appropriate center of gravity. It memorize
  • the comparison unit 53 in the control unit 50 constantly monitors the center of gravity position by comparing the distance between the appropriate center of gravity position stored in the appropriate center of gravity position storage unit 52 and the center of gravity position detected by the center of gravity position detector 20. (Step S14).
  • FIG. 7 is an explanatory diagram illustrating an example of a warning display displayed on the display unit 55.
  • FIG. 8 is a graph showing a set value of the allowable gravity center error.
  • dx indicates an error in the X direction shown in FIG. 7
  • dy indicates an error in the Y direction shown in FIG.
  • the distance between the proper center of gravity position G0 stored in the appropriate center of gravity position storage unit 52 and the center of gravity position G1 detected by the center of gravity position detector 20 is the setting of the allowable center of gravity error indicated by hatching in FIG.
  • the warning unit 54 transmits a warning signal to the display unit 55 to display a warning display.
  • the display unit 55 displays the proper center of gravity position G0 stored in the foot 101 of the subject 100 and the appropriate center of gravity position storage unit 52 and the center of gravity detected by the center of gravity position detector 20.
  • An image indicating the position G1 is displayed.
  • a display that “the position of the center of gravity is shifted to the right” is performed. Further, a warning sound is generated as necessary.
  • the operator adjusts the posture of the subject 100 (step S16).
  • step S15 if the warning is not displayed due to the subject 100 maintaining an appropriate posture (step S15), the operator operates the operation unit 56 to execute X-ray imaging (step S17). . In this case, since the subject 100 maintains an appropriate posture, accurate X-ray imaging can be performed.
  • FIG. 9 is a block diagram showing a main control system of the X-ray imaging apparatus according to the second embodiment of the present invention.
  • symbol is attached
  • the X-ray imaging apparatus includes an appropriate center-of-gravity position calculation unit 51 that calculates an appropriate position of the center of gravity based on the physical information of the subject 100. Then, the appropriate center-of-gravity position storage unit 52 calculates the position of the center of gravity calculated by the appropriate center-of-gravity position calculation unit 51 and the appropriate center-of-gravity position in the horizontal plane of the subject 100 for X-ray imaging of the subject 100 in the correct posture.
  • an appropriate center-of-gravity position calculation unit 51 that calculates an appropriate position of the center of gravity based on the physical information of the subject 100. Then, the appropriate center-of-gravity position storage unit 52 calculates the position of the center of gravity calculated by the appropriate center-of-gravity position calculation unit 51 and the appropriate center-of-gravity position in the horizontal plane of the subject 100 for X-ray imaging of the subject 100 in the correct posture.
  • FIG. 10 is a flowchart showing an X-ray imaging operation by the X-ray imaging apparatus according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
  • step S21 when X-ray imaging is executed, patient data is first acquired (step S21).
  • the control unit 50 uses the in-hospital network 59 to provide subject information such as the name, age, sex, weight, body thickness, and foot size of the subject 100, and various X-rays for the subject 100.
  • Data including an anatomical program indicating imaging conditions is acquired.
  • other physical characteristics of the subject 100 such as the waist being bent may be acquired.
  • the weight of the subject 100 may be detected by the barycentric position detector 20. Further, the size of the foot of the subject 100 may be measured using the foot display 25 drawn on the surface of the plate 21 and input.
  • the appropriate center-of-gravity position calculation unit 51 calculates an appropriate center-of-gravity position based on the physical information of the subject 100 in the patient data (step S22).
  • the data of any one of the sex, weight, body thickness, and foot size of the subject 100 and other physical characteristics of the subject 100 such as the waist being bent are used. Is done.
  • the appropriate center-of-gravity position calculation unit 51 calculates an appropriate center-of-gravity position based on an arithmetic expression programmed from data representing a large number of physical characteristics obtained experimentally in advance.
  • the appropriate center of gravity position is stored in the appropriate center of gravity position storage unit 52 (step S23).
  • the operator raises the subject 100 on the barycentric position detector 20. Then, the operator adjusts the posture so that the posture of the subject 100 becomes an appropriate posture (step S24).
  • a display unit is also provided in the examination room, and the display is detected by the proper center of gravity position G0 and the center of gravity position detector 20 stored in the appropriate center of gravity position storage unit 52, as in the image shown in FIG.
  • the posture of the subject 100 may be adjusted by displaying the center of gravity position G1. With such a configuration, even an inexperienced operator can easily execute X-ray imaging at an appropriate center of gravity position with the posture of the subject 100 being appropriate.
  • the comparison unit 53 in the control unit 50 stores the appropriate center of gravity position stored in the appropriate center of gravity position storage unit 52 and the center of gravity detected by the center of gravity position detector 20.
  • the center-of-gravity position is constantly monitored by comparing the distance with the position (step S26).
  • the warning unit 54 warns. A signal is generated (step S27). In this case, the operator adjusts the posture of the subject 100 (step S28).
  • step S27 if the warning is not displayed due to the subject 100 maintaining an appropriate posture (step S27), the operator operates the operation unit 56 to execute X-ray imaging (step S29). . In this case, since the subject 100 maintains an appropriate posture, accurate X-ray imaging can be performed.
  • FIG. 11 is a plan view showing another embodiment of the plate 21 in the gravity center position detector 20.
  • the subject is in a period from when the subject 100 stands on the barycentric position detector 20 until the X-ray imaging starts. It is assumed that 100 does not move at the same position. However, the subject 100 may change the standing position due to the posture of the subject 100 being collapsed. When the standing position of the subject 100 is changed in this way, inconvenience arises because the detection result by the gravity center position detector 20 is different. In other words, when the standing position of the subject 100 is changed and the contact area between the subject 100 and the plate 21 is changed, the center of gravity of the subject 100 is suitable for X-ray imaging. There is a possibility that the position is determined to be inappropriate, or that the position of the center of gravity is determined to be appropriate although the posture of the subject 100 is inappropriate for X-ray imaging.
  • a plurality of sensors 28 are used as contact area change detection means for determining that the contact area between the subject 100 and the plate 21 in the gravity center position detector 20 has been changed. It is arranged.
  • the sensor 28 on the plate 21 is disposed around a foot-shaped display 25 that indicates where the subject 100 should place his / her foot, and the subject 100 stands up by detecting the foot of the subject 100. It has a configuration for detecting that the position has been changed.
  • FIG. 12 is a front view of the center-of-gravity position detector in the X-ray imaging apparatus according to the third embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 13 is a block diagram showing a main control system of the X-ray imaging apparatus according to the third embodiment of the present invention.
  • symbol is attached
  • the X-ray imaging apparatus has a configuration in which a contact area detector 29 is added to the gravity center position detector 20 in the X-ray imaging apparatus according to the second embodiment.
  • the contact area detector 29 is disposed on the upper surface of the plate 21 as shown in FIG. 12, and the entire surface is a sensor area that recognizes contact with the subject 100. For this reason, the contact area detector 19 can detect the position of the contact area between the subject 100 and the center-of-gravity position detector 20.
  • the position of the contact area between the subject 100 and the center-of-gravity position detector 20 may be, for example, the center-of-gravity position of the foot area of the subject 100, or the center position in the X and Y directions. There may be. Further, the direction of the foot of the subject 100 may be taken into consideration.
  • the proper center-of-gravity position calculated by the appropriate center-of-gravity position calculation unit 51 and stored in the appropriate center-of-gravity position storage unit 52 is the subject 100 and the center-of-gravity position detector 20. Is stored as data in consideration of the positional relationship of the contact area.
  • the subject 100 is erected on the center-of-gravity position detector 20 and the posture is adjusted so that the posture becomes an appropriate posture
  • the subject 100 and the center of gravity detected by the contact region detector 29 are used.
  • Data on the position of the contact area with the position detector 20 is used. In this case, for example, based on the data of the position of the contact area between the subject 100 and the center of gravity position detector 20 detected by the contact area detector 29, the data of the center of gravity position detected by the center of gravity position detector 20 is obtained. to correct.
  • the suitability of the center of gravity position is determined using also the data of the position of the contact area between the subject 100 and the center of gravity position detector 20 detected by the contact area detector 29, the subject 100 Even when the standing position is a position separated from the center of the gravity center position detector 20, it is possible to accurately determine whether the gravity center position is appropriate.
  • the contact area detector 29 is attached to the X-ray imaging apparatus according to the second embodiment, but the X-ray imaging apparatus according to the first embodiment is described.
  • a contact area detector 29 may be additionally provided.
  • whether or not the gravity center position is appropriate based on the distance between the appropriate gravity center position stored in the appropriate gravity center position storage unit 52 and the gravity center position detected by the gravity center position detector 20. Is determined by using the data of the position of the contact area between the subject 100 and the center-of-gravity position detector 20 detected by the contact area detector 29, so that the standing position of the subject 100 is detected by the center-of-gravity position detector. Even in the case of moving to a position separated from the center of 20, it is possible to accurately determine whether the center of gravity position is appropriate.
  • a warning display is displayed on the display unit 55 in response to a warning signal from the warning unit 54, and a warning sound is generated as necessary.
  • this warning display it is possible to adopt various methods capable of transmitting a warning to the operator, such as turning on the lamp or making the operation of the X-ray imaging apparatus impossible. .

Abstract

A control unit 50 connected to an in-hospital network 59 is provided with: an optimal-center-of-gravity-position-storing unit 52 for storing the appropriate center of gravity position of a test subject within a horizontal plane in order to perform X-ray imaging of the test subject in the correct orientation; a comparison unit 53 for comparing distances between an optimal center of gravity position stored in the optimal-center-of-gravity-position-storing unit 52 and a center of gravity position detected by a center of gravity position detector 20; and an alerting unit 54 for producing an alert signal in the event that that the distance between the appropriate center of gravity position and the detected center of gravity position as compared by the comparison unit 53 equals or exceeds a preset set value.

Description

Ｘ線撮影装置X-ray equipment
　この発明は、Ｘ線管と、Ｘ線管から照射され被検者と通過したＸ線を検出するＸ線検出器とを備え、立位状態の被検者の患部を撮影するＸ線撮影装置に関する。 The present invention includes an X-ray tube and an X-ray detector that detects X-rays emitted from the X-ray tube and passed through the subject, and images an affected part of the subject in a standing position. About.
　このようなＸ線撮影装置は、立位撮影スタンドとも呼称され、被検者が起立するベース部と、このベース部から立設された衝立と、ベース部に起立した被検者に対して衝立とは逆側に配置されたＸ線管を有するＸ線照射部と、衝立に対して被検者およびＸ線照射部とは逆側に配置されたフラットパネルディテクタ（ＦＰＤ）やイメージインテンシファイア（Ｉ．Ｉ．）等のＸ線検出器とを備える(特許文献１参照)。 Such an X-ray imaging apparatus is also referred to as a standing imaging stand, and includes a base portion on which the subject stands, a partition standing from the base portion, and a screen standing on the subject standing on the base portion. An X-ray irradiation unit having an X-ray tube disposed on the opposite side of the screen, and a flat panel detector (FPD) or image intensifier disposed on the opposite side of the subject and the X-ray irradiation unit with respect to the screen (II) and other X-ray detectors (see Patent Document 1).
特開２０１１－１１０２４７号公報JP 2011-110247 A
　立位状態の被検者の患部を撮影するＸ線撮影時に、立位荷重撮影と呼称される撮影方式により撮影を実行する場合がある。例えば、下肢の関節は荷重による軟骨への負担が大きく、骨や関節の変形が多くなる。このため、下肢の関節等に荷重を負荷したままの状態でＸ線撮影を行う立位荷重撮影が実行される。この立位荷重撮影によれば、非荷重時の関節変性（骨棘，骨嚢胞の形成，軟骨下骨質の硬化等）の画像診断とともに、荷重時の関節間隙狭小などを投影し、さらに、関節面の傾斜角変位を計測すること等によって、変形性関節症の診断等を効果的に実行することが可能となる。 When X-ray imaging is performed to image an affected area of a subject in a standing position, imaging may be performed by an imaging method called standing weight imaging. For example, the joint of the lower limb has a large burden on the cartilage due to the load, and the deformation of the bones and joints increases. For this reason, standing load imaging is performed in which X-ray imaging is performed while a load is applied to the joints of the lower limbs. According to this standing load imaging, the joint degeneration (bone spine, formation of bone cyst, hardening of subchondral bone, etc.) is imaged together with non-loading, and the joint gap narrowness at the time of loading is projected. By measuring the displacement of the tilt angle of the surface, etc., it becomes possible to effectively execute the diagnosis of osteoarthritis.
　図１４から図１７は、立位荷重撮影時における被検者１００の姿勢を示す概要図である。 14 to 17 are schematic views showing the posture of the subject 100 at the time of standing load imaging.
　膝関節、足関節、踵関節等の脚部の関節を患部とした立位荷重撮影を実行するときには、図１４に示すような、関節に最も荷重を負荷することができる片脚立位が基本である。しかしながら、被検者１００が図１４に示す片脚立位をとった場合、図１５に示すように、その姿勢が崩れる可能性がある。 When performing standing load imaging with a leg joint such as a knee joint, ankle joint, or heel joint as an affected part, a single leg standing position that can load most on the joint as shown in FIG. 14 is basically used. is there. However, when the subject 100 takes a one-leg standing position as shown in FIG. 14, the posture may collapse as shown in FIG.
　このため、関節に負荷される荷重は小さくはなるが、図１６に示すように、被検者１００が支持部１３を支持する姿勢や、図１７に示すように、被検者１００が両足でたって患部側の脚に主として荷重をかける両脚立位をとる場合もある。このような場合においても、その姿勢を一定に維持することは必ずしも容易ではない。 Therefore, although the load applied to the joint is small, as shown in FIG. 16, the posture of the subject 100 supporting the support portion 13, or as shown in FIG. Therefore, there are cases where both legs are placed on the affected leg in a standing position where a load is mainly applied. Even in such a case, it is not always easy to keep the posture constant.
　一般に、このようなＸ線撮影装置を利用してＸ線撮影を行う場合においては、オペレータが撮影室において被検者１００に正しい撮影姿勢をとらせた後、操作室に移動して操作を行うことによりＸ線撮影を実行する。このため、オペレータが撮影室から操作室に移動する間に被検者の姿勢が崩れた場合には、正しいＸ線撮影が行われないことになる。この場合には、再度、Ｘ線撮を実行する必要が生じ、被検者が不要なＸ線を被曝することになるという問題が生ずる。 Generally, when performing X-ray imaging using such an X-ray imaging apparatus, the operator moves the subject 100 to the correct imaging posture in the imaging room and then moves to the operation room for operation. Thus, X-ray imaging is executed. For this reason, if the posture of the subject collapses while the operator moves from the imaging room to the operation room, correct X-ray imaging cannot be performed. In this case, it is necessary to perform X-ray imaging again, and there arises a problem that the subject is exposed to unnecessary X-rays.
　この発明は上記課題を解決するためになされたものであり、被検者の姿勢の崩れを容易に認識することができ、不適切なＸ線撮影が実行されることを未然に防止することが可能なＸ線撮影装置を提供することを目的とする。 The present invention has been made to solve the above-described problem, and can easily recognize the collapse of the posture of the subject and prevent inappropriate X-ray imaging from being performed in advance. An object is to provide a possible X-ray imaging apparatus.
　請求項１に記載の発明は、Ｘ線管と、前記Ｘ線管から照射され被検者と通過したＸ線を検出するＸ線検出器とを備え、立位状態の被検者の患部を撮影するＸ線撮影装置において、前記被検者を正しい姿勢でＸ線撮影するための、前記被検者の水平面内における適正な重心位置を記憶する適正重心位置記憶部と、前記被検者を載置した状態で、前記被検者の水平面内における重心位置を検出する重心位置検出器と、前記適正重心位置記憶部に記憶した適正な重心位置と前記重心位置検出器により検出した重心位置との距離が、予め設定した設定値以上となった場合に、警告信号を発生させる警告部と、を備えることを特徴とする。 The invention according to claim 1 is provided with an X-ray tube and an X-ray detector that detects X-rays that are irradiated from the X-ray tube and passed through the subject. In the X-ray imaging apparatus for imaging, an appropriate center-of-gravity position storage unit for storing an appropriate center-of-gravity position in the horizontal plane of the subject for X-ray imaging of the subject in a correct posture, and the subject The center of gravity position detector that detects the center of gravity position in the horizontal plane of the subject in the mounted state, the appropriate center of gravity position stored in the appropriate center of gravity position storage unit, and the center of gravity position detected by the center of gravity position detector; And a warning unit that generates a warning signal when the distance becomes equal to or greater than a preset set value.
　請求項２に記載の発明は、請求項１に記載の発明において、前記適正な重心位置は、前記被検者が正しい姿勢をとったときに前記重心位置検出器により検出した重心の位置である。 The invention according to claim 2 is the invention according to claim 1, wherein the appropriate center of gravity position is a position of the center of gravity detected by the center of gravity position detector when the subject takes a correct posture. .
　請求項３に記載の発明は、請求項１に記載の発明において、前記適正な重心位置は、前記被検者の身体的な情報に基づいて演算した重心の位置である。 The invention according to claim 3 is the invention according to claim 1, wherein the appropriate center-of-gravity position is a position of the center of gravity calculated based on physical information of the subject.
　請求項４に記載の発明は、請求項３に記載の発明において、前記被検者の身体的な情報は、前記被検者の性別、体重、体厚、足のサイズのいずれかを含む。 According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, in the third aspect of the invention, the physical information of the subject includes any one of the gender, weight, body thickness, and foot size of the subject.
　請求項５に記載の発明は、請求項１から請求項４のいずれかに記載の発明において、前記重心位置検出器は、前記被検者が起立するプレートと、前記プレートの下面に所定の距離だけ互いに離隔して配置された３個以上の圧力センサと、を備える。 According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, in the invention according to any one of the first to fourth aspects, the center-of-gravity position detector has a predetermined distance between a plate on which the subject stands and a lower surface of the plate. And three or more pressure sensors that are spaced apart from each other.
　請求項６に記載の発明は、請求項１から請求項４のいずれかに記載の発明において、前記被検者と前記プレートとの接触領域が変更されたことを判定する接触領域変更検出手段をさらに備える。 According to a sixth aspect of the present invention, there is provided the contact area change detection means for determining that the contact area between the subject and the plate has been changed in the invention according to any one of the first to fourth aspects. Further prepare.
　請求項７に記載の発明は、請求項１から請求項４のいずれかに記載の発明において、前記被検者と前記重心検出器との接触領域の位置を検出する接触領域検出手段をさらに備える。 The invention according to claim 7 is the invention according to any one of claims 1 to 4, further comprising contact area detecting means for detecting a position of a contact area between the subject and the barycenter detector. .
　請求項１に記載の発明によれば、適正な重心位置と重心位置検出器により検出した重心位置との距離が予め設定した設定値以上となった場合に警告信号を発生させることから、被検者が所定の位置で起立している場合においては、被検者の姿勢の崩れを容易に認識することができ、不適切なＸ線撮影が実行されることを未然に防止することが可能となる。 According to the first aspect of the present invention, the warning signal is generated when the distance between the appropriate center of gravity position and the center of gravity position detected by the center of gravity position detector exceeds a preset value. When a person stands up at a predetermined position, it is possible to easily recognize the collapse of the posture of the subject and to prevent inappropriate X-ray imaging from being performed in advance. Become.
　請求項２に記載の発明によれば、被検者が正しい姿勢をとったときに重心位置検出器により検出した重心の位置を適正な重心の位置とすることから、オペレータが被検者に正しい姿勢をとらせることにより、適正な重心の位置を極めて容易に設定することが可能となる。 According to the invention described in claim 2, since the position of the center of gravity detected by the center-of-gravity position detector when the subject takes the correct posture is set as the appropriate position of the center of gravity, the operator is correct for the subject. By taking the posture, it is possible to set the appropriate center of gravity very easily.
　請求項３に記載の発明によれば、被検者の身体的な情報に基づいて演算した重心の位置を適正な重心の位置とすることから、経験の浅いオペレータであっても、適正な重心位置によるＸ線撮影を容易に実行することが可能となる。 According to the third aspect of the present invention, since the position of the center of gravity calculated based on the physical information of the subject is set as an appropriate position of the center of gravity, the appropriate center of gravity can be obtained even by an inexperienced operator. X-ray imaging based on position can be easily executed.
　請求項４に記載の発明によれば、被検者の性別、体重、体厚、足のサイズのいずれかを被検者の身体的な情報として使用することにより、適正な重心の位置を自動的に設定することが可能となる。 According to the fourth aspect of the present invention, by using any one of the subject's sex, weight, body thickness, and foot size as the physical information of the subject, an appropriate position of the center of gravity is automatically determined. Can be set automatically.
　請求項５に記載の発明によれば、重心位置検出器が、被検者が起立するプレートと、このプレートの下面に所定の距離だけ互いに離隔して配置された３個以上の圧力センサと、を備えることから、簡易な構成により被検者の水平面内における重心位置を検出することが可能となる。 According to the invention described in claim 5, the barycentric position detector includes a plate on which the subject stands, and three or more pressure sensors arranged on the lower surface of the plate at a predetermined distance from each other, Therefore, it is possible to detect the position of the center of gravity in the horizontal plane of the subject with a simple configuration.
　請求項６に記載の発明によれば、被検者の起立位置が変更された場合においても、被検者と重心検出器との接触領域が変更されたことを接触領域変更検出手段により検出することができる。このため、被検者の起立位置が変更したことに起因する重心判定動作の誤動作を防止することができ、重心位置の適否を適正に判定することが可能となる。 According to the invention described in claim 6, even when the standing position of the subject is changed, the contact area change detecting means detects that the contact area between the subject and the center of gravity detector has been changed. be able to. For this reason, it is possible to prevent a malfunction of the center of gravity determination operation caused by the change in the standing position of the subject, and it is possible to appropriately determine whether the center of gravity position is appropriate.
　請求項７に記載の発明によれば、被検者と重心検出器との接触領域が変更された場合においても、前記被検者と前記重心検出器との接触領域の位置を接触領域検出手段により検出することで、被検者の起立位置が変更されたとしても、変更後の位置に基づいて重心位置の適否を判定することが可能となる。 According to the seventh aspect of the present invention, even when the contact area between the subject and the center of gravity detector is changed, the position of the contact area between the subject and the center of gravity detector is determined as the contact area detecting means. Thus, even if the standing position of the subject is changed, it is possible to determine whether or not the center of gravity position is appropriate based on the changed position.
この発明に係るＸ線撮影装置により被検者１００をＸ線撮影する状態を示す概要図である。It is a schematic diagram which shows the state which carries out X-ray imaging of the subject 100 with the X-ray imaging apparatus which concerns on this invention. この発明に係るＸ線撮影装置の要部を示す斜視図である。It is a perspective view which shows the principal part of the X-ray imaging apparatus which concerns on this invention. 重心位置検出器２０の平面図である。FIG. 4 is a plan view of a gravity center position detector 20. 重心位置検出器２０の正面図である。FIG. 4 is a front view of a gravity center position detector 20. この発明の第１実施形態に係るＸ線撮影装置の主要な制御系を示すブロック図である。It is a block diagram which shows the main control systems of the X-ray imaging apparatus which concerns on 1st Embodiment of this invention. この発明の第１実施形態に係るＸ線撮影装置によるＸ線撮影動作を示すフローチャートである。It is a flowchart which shows X-ray imaging operation | movement by the X-ray imaging apparatus which concerns on 1st Embodiment of this invention. 表示部５５に表示される警告表示の一例を示す説明図である。It is explanatory drawing which shows an example of the warning display displayed on the display part. 重心誤差許容量の設定値を示すグラフである。It is a graph which shows the setting value of a gravity center error tolerance. この発明の第２実施形態に係るＸ線撮影装置の主要な制御系を示すブロック図である。It is a block diagram which shows the main control systems of the X-ray imaging apparatus which concerns on 2nd Embodiment of this invention. この発明の第２実施形態に係るＸ線撮影装置によるＸ線撮影動作を示すフローチャートである。It is a flowchart which shows X-ray imaging operation | movement by the X-ray imaging apparatus which concerns on 2nd Embodiment of this invention. 重心位置検出器２０におけるプレート２１の他の実施形態を示す平面図である。It is a top view which shows other embodiment of the plate 21 in the gravity center position detector 20. FIG. この発明の第３実施形態に係るＸ線撮影装置における重心位置検出器の正面図である。It is a front view of the gravity center position detector in the X-ray imaging apparatus which concerns on 3rd Embodiment of this invention. この発明の第３実施形態に係るＸ線撮影装置の主要な制御系を示すブロック図である。It is a block diagram which shows the main control systems of the X-ray imaging apparatus which concerns on 3rd Embodiment of this invention. 立位荷重撮影時における被検者１００の姿勢を示す概要図である。It is a schematic diagram which shows the attitude | position of the subject 100 at the time of standing load imaging | photography. 立位荷重撮影時における被検者１００の姿勢を示す概要図である。It is a schematic diagram which shows the attitude | position of the subject 100 at the time of standing load imaging | photography. 立位荷重撮影時における被検者１００の姿勢を示す概要図である。It is a schematic diagram which shows the attitude | position of the subject 100 at the time of standing load imaging | photography. 立位荷重撮影時における被検者１００の姿勢を示す概要図である。It is a schematic diagram which shows the attitude | position of the subject 100 at the time of standing load imaging | photography.
　以下、この発明の実施の形態を図面に基づいて説明する。図１は、この発明に係るＸ線撮影装置により被検者１００をＸ線撮影する状態を示す概要図であり、図２は、Ｘ線撮影装置の要部を示す斜視図である。 Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing a state in which a subject 100 is radiographed by an X-ray imaging apparatus according to the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a perspective view showing a main part of the X-ray imaging apparatus.
　このＸ線撮影装置は、立位撮影スタンドとも呼称されるものであり、被検者１００が起立するためのベース部１４を備える。このベース部１４上には、被検者１００の水平面内における重心位置を検出するための重心位置検出器２０が設置されている。また、ベース部１４の後部には、透光性を有する衝立１２が、枠体１１に支持された状態で立設されている。枠体１１には、支持部１３が付設されている。 This X-ray imaging apparatus is also called a standing imaging stand, and includes a base portion 14 for the subject 100 to stand up. On this base part 14, the gravity center position detector 20 for detecting the gravity center position in the horizontal surface of the subject 100 is installed. Further, a screen 12 having translucency is erected on the rear portion of the base portion 14 while being supported by the frame body 11. A support portion 13 is attached to the frame body 11.
　また、ベース部１４に起立した被検者１００に対して衝立１２とは逆側には、Ｘ線管３１とコリメータ３２とを有するＸ線照射部３０が配設されている。さらに、衝立１２に対して被検者１００およびＸ線照射部３０とは逆側には、フラットパネルディテクタやイメージインテンシファイア等のＸ線検出器４１が配設されている。このＸ線検出器４１は、支柱４２に沿って昇降可能となっている。なお、図１における符号３９は、Ｘ線管３１の焦点を示している。 Also, an X-ray irradiation unit 30 having an X-ray tube 31 and a collimator 32 is disposed on the opposite side of the screen 12 with respect to the subject 100 standing on the base unit 14. Further, an X-ray detector 41 such as a flat panel detector or an image intensifier is disposed on the opposite side of the screen 12 from the subject 100 and the X-ray irradiation unit 30. The X-ray detector 41 can be moved up and down along the column 42. 1 indicates the focal point of the X-ray tube 31.
　図３は重心位置検出器２０の平面図であり、図４はその正面図である。 3 is a plan view of the gravity center position detector 20, and FIG. 4 is a front view thereof.
　この重心位置検出器２０は、被検者１００が起立するための矩形状のプレート２１と、このプレート２１の下面のコーナー付近に所定の距離だけ互いに離隔して配置された４個の圧力センサ２２と、この圧力センサ２２を支持するための一対の支持部２３とを備える。プレート２１の表面には、このプレート２１の中心を示す十字状の標線２４が表示されている。また、プレート２１の表面には、被検者１００のおおよその足のサイズを認識可能とするとともに、被検者１００が足を配置すべき場所を示す足形表示２５が描画されている。 The center-of-gravity position detector 20 includes a rectangular plate 21 on which the subject 100 stands and four pressure sensors 22 that are spaced apart from each other by a predetermined distance near the corner of the lower surface of the plate 21. And a pair of support portions 23 for supporting the pressure sensor 22. A cross-shaped mark 24 indicating the center of the plate 21 is displayed on the surface of the plate 21. In addition, on the surface of the plate 21, a footprint display 25 is drawn which makes it possible to recognize the approximate size of the foot of the subject 100 and indicates where the subject 100 should place the foot.
　この重心位置検出器２０は、矩形状のプレート２１の下面のコーナー付近に配置された４個の圧力センサ２２の検出信号により、被検者１００の水平面内（すなわち、プレート２１の表面上）における重心を検出する。また、この重心位置検出器２０は、４個の圧力センサ２２の検出信号を利用して、被検者１００の体重を測定することも可能となっている。なお、この重心位置検出器２０としては、所定の距離だけ互いに離隔して配置された３個以上の圧力センサを利用して圧力の分布を測定することにより、被検者１００の重心を検出する各種の構成のものを採用することができる。 The center-of-gravity position detector 20 is detected in the horizontal plane of the subject 100 (that is, on the surface of the plate 21) based on detection signals from the four pressure sensors 22 arranged near the corners on the lower surface of the rectangular plate 21. Detect the center of gravity. The center-of-gravity position detector 20 can also measure the weight of the subject 100 using the detection signals of the four pressure sensors 22. The center-of-gravity position detector 20 detects the center of gravity of the subject 100 by measuring the pressure distribution using three or more pressure sensors that are spaced apart from each other by a predetermined distance. Various configurations can be employed.
　図５は、この発明の第１実施形態に係るＸ線撮影装置の主要な制御系を示すブロック図である。 FIG. 5 is a block diagram showing a main control system of the X-ray imaging apparatus according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
　このＸ線撮影装置は、装置の制御に必要な動作プログラムが格納されたＲＯＭ，制御時にデータ等が一時的にストアされるＲＡＭおよび論理演算を実行するＣＰＵを有し、装置全体を制御する制御部５０を備える。この制御部５０は、被検者１００の氏名、年齢、性別、体重、体厚、足のサイズ等の被検者情報と、被検者１００に対する各種のＸ線撮影条件を示すアナトミカルプログラム（解剖学的撮影条件／ＡＰＲ）とを含むデータを記憶した院内ネットワーク５９と接続されている。 This X-ray imaging apparatus has a ROM in which an operation program necessary for controlling the apparatus is stored, a RAM in which data and the like are temporarily stored at the time of control, and a CPU that executes logical operations. Part 50 is provided. This control unit 50 is an anatomical program (anatomy) showing subject information such as name, age, sex, weight, body thickness, foot size, etc. of the subject 100 and various X-ray imaging conditions for the subject 100. And an in-hospital network 59 that stores data including anatomical imaging conditions / APR).
　また、この制御部５０は、Ｘ線撮影画像を含む各種の画像やデータと、後述する警告表示を表示するための、液晶表示パネル等から構成される表示部５５と接続されている。また、この制御部５０は、各種の操作を実行するための操作部５６と、上述した重心位置検出器２０とも接続されている。 The control unit 50 is connected to a display unit 55 including a liquid crystal display panel and the like for displaying various images and data including an X-ray image and a warning display described later. The control unit 50 is also connected to an operation unit 56 for executing various operations and the above-described center-of-gravity position detector 20.
　この制御部５０は、被検者１００を正しい姿勢でＸ線撮影するための被検者１００の水平面内における適正な重心位置を記憶する適正重心位置記憶部５２と、この適正重心位置記憶部５２に記憶した適正な重心位置と重心位置検出器２０により検出した重心位置との距離を比較する比較部５３と、比較部５３により比較した適正な重心位置と検出された重心位置との距離が予め設定した設定値以上となった場合に警告信号を発生させる警告部５４と、を備える。 The control unit 50 includes an appropriate center-of-gravity position storage unit 52 that stores an appropriate center-of-gravity position in the horizontal plane of the subject 100 for X-ray imaging of the subject 100 in a correct posture, and the appropriate center-of-gravity position storage unit 52. The comparison unit 53 that compares the distance between the appropriate center of gravity position stored in FIG. 5 and the center of gravity position detected by the center of gravity position detector 20 and the distance between the appropriate center of gravity position compared by the comparison unit 53 and the detected center of gravity position are A warning unit 54 that generates a warning signal when the set value is exceeded.
　次に、第１実施形態に係るＸ線撮影装置によるＸ線撮影動作について説明する。図６は、この発明の第１実施形態に係るＸ線撮影装置によるＸ線撮影動作を示すフローチャートである。 Next, an X-ray imaging operation by the X-ray imaging apparatus according to the first embodiment will be described. FIG. 6 is a flowchart showing an X-ray imaging operation by the X-ray imaging apparatus according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
　Ｘ線撮影を実行するときには、オペレータが被検者１００とともに撮影室に入室し、被検者１００を重心位置検出器２０上で起立させる。そして、オペレータは、被検者１００の姿勢が、例えば、図１４に示すような適正な姿勢となるように、姿勢の調整を行う（ステップＳ１１）。このときには、被検者１００に、図１６または図１７に示すような姿勢をとらせてもよい。 When executing X-ray imaging, the operator enters the imaging room together with the subject 100 and causes the subject 100 to stand on the barycentric position detector 20. Then, the operator adjusts the posture so that the posture of the subject 100 becomes an appropriate posture as shown in FIG. 14, for example (step S11). At this time, the subject 100 may take a posture as shown in FIG. 16 or FIG.
　被検者１００の姿勢が適正な姿勢となれば（ステップＳ１２）、オペレータが操作部５６を操作することにより、そのときに重心位置検出器２０により検出した重心位置を適正な重心位置として適正重心位置記憶部５２に記憶する（ステップＳ１３）。そして、制御部５０における比較部５３が、適正重心位置記憶部５２に記憶した適正な重心位置と重心位置検出器２０により検出した重心位置との距離を比較することにより、重心位置を常に監視する（ステップＳ１４）。 If the posture of the subject 100 becomes an appropriate posture (step S12), the operator operates the operation unit 56, and the center of gravity detected by the center of gravity position detector 20 at that time is regarded as an appropriate center of gravity. It memorize | stores in the position memory | storage part 52 (step S13). The comparison unit 53 in the control unit 50 constantly monitors the center of gravity position by comparing the distance between the appropriate center of gravity position stored in the appropriate center of gravity position storage unit 52 and the center of gravity position detected by the center of gravity position detector 20. (Step S14).
　そして、オペレータは、撮影室から操作室に移動する。この間に、適正重心位置記憶部５２に記憶した適正な重心位置と重心位置検出器２０により検出した重心位置との距離が、予め設定した設定値以上となった場合には、警告部５４が警告信号を発生させる（ステップＳ１５）。 Then, the operator moves from the shooting room to the operation room. During this time, if the distance between the appropriate center of gravity position stored in the appropriate center of gravity position storage unit 52 and the center of gravity position detected by the center of gravity position detector 20 exceeds a preset value, the warning unit 54 warns. A signal is generated (step S15).
　図７は、表示部５５に表示される警告表示の一例を示す説明図である。また、図８は、重心誤差許容量の設定値を示すグラフである。なお、図８においてｄｘは図７に示すＸ方向の誤差を、また、ｄｙは図７に示すＹ方向の誤差を示している。 FIG. 7 is an explanatory diagram illustrating an example of a warning display displayed on the display unit 55. FIG. 8 is a graph showing a set value of the allowable gravity center error. In FIG. 8, dx indicates an error in the X direction shown in FIG. 7, and dy indicates an error in the Y direction shown in FIG.
　図７に示すように、適正重心位置記憶部５２に記憶した適正な重心位置Ｇ０と重心位置検出器２０により検出した重心位置Ｇ１との距離が、図８においてハッチングで示す重心誤差許容量の設定値を越えた場合には、警告部５４が表示部５５に対して警告信号を送信することにより、警告表示を表示させる。この場合においては、表示部５５には、図７に示すように、被検者１００の足１０１と適正重心位置記憶部５２に記憶した適正な重心位置Ｇ０および重心位置検出器２０により検出した重心位置Ｇ１を示す画像を表示する。また、これとあわせて、例えば、「重心位置が右にずれています」という表示を行う。さらに、必要に応じ、警告音を発生させる。この場合においては、オペレータが被検者１００の姿勢を調整する（ステップＳ１６）。 As shown in FIG. 7, the distance between the proper center of gravity position G0 stored in the appropriate center of gravity position storage unit 52 and the center of gravity position G1 detected by the center of gravity position detector 20 is the setting of the allowable center of gravity error indicated by hatching in FIG. When the value is exceeded, the warning unit 54 transmits a warning signal to the display unit 55 to display a warning display. In this case, as shown in FIG. 7, the display unit 55 displays the proper center of gravity position G0 stored in the foot 101 of the subject 100 and the appropriate center of gravity position storage unit 52 and the center of gravity detected by the center of gravity position detector 20. An image indicating the position G1 is displayed. In addition to this, for example, a display that “the position of the center of gravity is shifted to the right” is performed. Further, a warning sound is generated as necessary. In this case, the operator adjusts the posture of the subject 100 (step S16).
　一方、被検者１００が適正な姿勢を維持することにより、警告表示がなされない場合には（ステップＳ１５）、オペレータが操作部５６を操作することにより、Ｘ線撮影を実行する（ステップＳ１７）。この場合においては、被検者１００が適正な姿勢を維持していることから、正確なＸ線撮影を実行することが可能となる。 On the other hand, if the warning is not displayed due to the subject 100 maintaining an appropriate posture (step S15), the operator operates the operation unit 56 to execute X-ray imaging (step S17). . In this case, since the subject 100 maintains an appropriate posture, accurate X-ray imaging can be performed.
　次に、この発明の他の実施形態について説明する。図９は、この発明の第２実施形態に係るＸ線撮影装置の主要な制御系を示すブロック図である。なお、上述した第１実施形態と同様の部材については、同一の符号を付して詳細な説明を省略する。 Next, another embodiment of the present invention will be described. FIG. 9 is a block diagram showing a main control system of the X-ray imaging apparatus according to the second embodiment of the present invention. In addition, about the member similar to 1st Embodiment mentioned above, the same code | symbol is attached | subjected and detailed description is abbreviate | omitted.
　この第２実施形態に係るＸ線撮影装置は、被検者１００の身体的な情報に基づいて適正な重心の位置を演算する適正重心位置演算部５１を備える。そして、適正重心位置記憶部５２は、適正重心位置演算部５１によって演算した重心の位置を、被検者１００を正しい姿勢でＸ線撮影するための被検者１００の水平面内における適正な重心位置として記憶する。 The X-ray imaging apparatus according to the second embodiment includes an appropriate center-of-gravity position calculation unit 51 that calculates an appropriate position of the center of gravity based on the physical information of the subject 100. Then, the appropriate center-of-gravity position storage unit 52 calculates the position of the center of gravity calculated by the appropriate center-of-gravity position calculation unit 51 and the appropriate center-of-gravity position in the horizontal plane of the subject 100 for X-ray imaging of the subject 100 in the correct posture. Remember as.
　次に、第２実施形態に係るＸ線撮影装置によるＸ線撮影動作について説明する。図１０は、この発明の第１実施形態に係るＸ線撮影装置によるＸ線撮影動作を示すフローチャートである。 Next, an X-ray imaging operation by the X-ray imaging apparatus according to the second embodiment will be described. FIG. 10 is a flowchart showing an X-ray imaging operation by the X-ray imaging apparatus according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
　この第２実施形態においては、Ｘ線撮影を実行するときには、最初に、患者データを取得する（ステップＳ２１）。この場合においては、制御部５０が院内ネットワーク５９より、被検者１００の氏名、年齢、性別、体重、体厚、足のサイズ等の被検者情報と、被検者１００に対する各種のＸ線撮影条件を示すアナトミカルプログラムを含むデータを取得する。この場合には、上記の各種データの他、腰が曲がっている等の被検者１００のその他の身体的な特徴を取得してもよい。 In this second embodiment, when X-ray imaging is executed, patient data is first acquired (step S21). In this case, the control unit 50 uses the in-hospital network 59 to provide subject information such as the name, age, sex, weight, body thickness, and foot size of the subject 100, and various X-rays for the subject 100. Data including an anatomical program indicating imaging conditions is acquired. In this case, in addition to the various data described above, other physical characteristics of the subject 100 such as the waist being bent may be acquired.
　ここで、被検者１００の体重は、重心位置検出器２０により検出してもよい。また、被検者１００の足のサイズは、プレート２１の表面に描画された足形表示２５を利用して測定し、それを入力してもよい。 Here, the weight of the subject 100 may be detected by the barycentric position detector 20. Further, the size of the foot of the subject 100 may be measured using the foot display 25 drawn on the surface of the plate 21 and input.
　次に、適正重心位置演算部５１が、患者データにおける被検者１００の身体的な情報に基づいて、適正な重心位置を演算する（ステップＳ２２）。この場合には、被検者１００の性別、体重、体厚、足のサイズのうちのいずれかのデータと、腰が曲がっている等の被検者１００のその他の身体的な特徴とが利用される。この適正重心位置演算部５１は、予め，実験的に求められた多数の身体的特徴を表すデータからプログラムされた演算式に基づいて、適正な重心位置を演算する。この適正な重心位置は、適正重心位置記憶部５２に記憶される（ステップＳ２３)。 Next, the appropriate center-of-gravity position calculation unit 51 calculates an appropriate center-of-gravity position based on the physical information of the subject 100 in the patient data (step S22). In this case, the data of any one of the sex, weight, body thickness, and foot size of the subject 100 and other physical characteristics of the subject 100 such as the waist being bent are used. Is done. The appropriate center-of-gravity position calculation unit 51 calculates an appropriate center-of-gravity position based on an arithmetic expression programmed from data representing a large number of physical characteristics obtained experimentally in advance. The appropriate center of gravity position is stored in the appropriate center of gravity position storage unit 52 (step S23).
　次に、オペレータが、被検者１００を重心位置検出器２０上で起立させる。そして、オペレータは、被検者１００の姿勢が適正な姿勢となるように、姿勢の調整を行う（ステップＳ２４）。この場合には、検査室内にも表示部を設け、この表示部に、図７に示す画像と同様、適正重心位置記憶部５２に記憶した適正な重心位置Ｇ０と重心位置検出器２０により検出した重心位置Ｇ１とを表示させることで、被検者１００の姿勢を調整してもよい。このような構成により、経験の浅いオペレータであっても、被検者１００の姿勢を適正なものとして、適正な重心位置によるＸ線撮影を容易に実行することが可能となる。 Next, the operator raises the subject 100 on the barycentric position detector 20. Then, the operator adjusts the posture so that the posture of the subject 100 becomes an appropriate posture (step S24). In this case, a display unit is also provided in the examination room, and the display is detected by the proper center of gravity position G0 and the center of gravity position detector 20 stored in the appropriate center of gravity position storage unit 52, as in the image shown in FIG. The posture of the subject 100 may be adjusted by displaying the center of gravity position G1. With such a configuration, even an inexperienced operator can easily execute X-ray imaging at an appropriate center of gravity position with the posture of the subject 100 being appropriate.
　被検者１００の姿勢が適正なものとなれば（ステップＳ２５）、制御部５０における比較部５３が、適正重心位置記憶部５２に記憶した適正な重心位置と重心位置検出器２０により検出した重心位置との距離を比較することにより、重心位置を常に監視する（ステップＳ２６）。 If the posture of the subject 100 becomes appropriate (step S25), the comparison unit 53 in the control unit 50 stores the appropriate center of gravity position stored in the appropriate center of gravity position storage unit 52 and the center of gravity detected by the center of gravity position detector 20. The center-of-gravity position is constantly monitored by comparing the distance with the position (step S26).
　そして、オペレータは、撮影室から操作室に移動する。この間に、適正重心位置記憶部５２に記憶した適正な重心位置と重心位置検出器２０により検出した重心位置との距離が、予め設定した設定値以上となった場合には、警告部５４が警告信号を発生させる（ステップＳ２７）。この場合においては、オペレータが被検者１００の姿勢を調整する（ステップＳ２８）。 Then, the operator moves from the shooting room to the operation room. During this time, if the distance between the appropriate center of gravity position stored in the appropriate center of gravity position storage unit 52 and the center of gravity position detected by the center of gravity position detector 20 exceeds a preset value, the warning unit 54 warns. A signal is generated (step S27). In this case, the operator adjusts the posture of the subject 100 (step S28).
　一方、被検者１００が適正な姿勢を維持することにより、警告表示がなされない場合には（ステップＳ２７）、オペレータが操作部５６を操作することにより、Ｘ線撮影を実行する（ステップＳ２９）。この場合においては、被検者１００が適正な姿勢を維持していることから、正確なＸ線撮影を実行することが可能となる。 On the other hand, if the warning is not displayed due to the subject 100 maintaining an appropriate posture (step S27), the operator operates the operation unit 56 to execute X-ray imaging (step S29). . In this case, since the subject 100 maintains an appropriate posture, accurate X-ray imaging can be performed.
　次に、上述した第１実施形態および第２実施形態に係るＸ線撮影装置の変形例について説明する。図１１は、重心位置検出器２０におけるプレート２１の他の実施形態を示す平面図である。 Next, a modification of the X-ray imaging apparatus according to the first embodiment and the second embodiment described above will be described. FIG. 11 is a plan view showing another embodiment of the plate 21 in the gravity center position detector 20.
　上述した第１実施形態および第２実施形態に係るＸ線撮影装置においては、被検者１００が重心位置検出器２０上に起立してからＸ線撮影を開始するまでの間に、被検者１００が同じ位置で移動していないことが前提となっている。しかしながら、被検者１００の姿勢が崩れること等により、被検者１００が起立位置を変更する場合がある。このように被検者１００の起立位置が変更された場合には、重心位置検出器２０による検出結果が異なることにより不都合が生ずる。すなわち、被検者１００の起立位置がかわり、被検者１００とプレート２１の接触領域が変更された場合において、被検者１００の姿勢はＸ線撮影に適したものであるにもかかわらず重心位置が不適切であると判断され、あるいは、被検者１００の姿勢がＸ線撮影に不適切であるにもかかわらず重心位置が適切であると判断される可能性が生ずる。 In the X-ray imaging apparatus according to the first embodiment and the second embodiment described above, the subject is in a period from when the subject 100 stands on the barycentric position detector 20 until the X-ray imaging starts. It is assumed that 100 does not move at the same position. However, the subject 100 may change the standing position due to the posture of the subject 100 being collapsed. When the standing position of the subject 100 is changed in this way, inconvenience arises because the detection result by the gravity center position detector 20 is different. In other words, when the standing position of the subject 100 is changed and the contact area between the subject 100 and the plate 21 is changed, the center of gravity of the subject 100 is suitable for X-ray imaging. There is a possibility that the position is determined to be inappropriate, or that the position of the center of gravity is determined to be appropriate although the posture of the subject 100 is inappropriate for X-ray imaging.
　このため、この実施形態に係るプレート２１においては、被検者１００と重心位置検出器２０におけるプレート２１との接触領域が変更されたことを判定する接触領域変更検出手段として、複数のセンサ２８を配設している。このプレート２１におけるセンサ２８は、被検者１００が足を配置すべき場所を示す足形表示２５の周囲に配設されており、被検者１００の足を検出することで被検者１００の起立位置が変更されたことを検出する構成を有する。 Therefore, in the plate 21 according to this embodiment, a plurality of sensors 28 are used as contact area change detection means for determining that the contact area between the subject 100 and the plate 21 in the gravity center position detector 20 has been changed. It is arranged. The sensor 28 on the plate 21 is disposed around a foot-shaped display 25 that indicates where the subject 100 should place his / her foot, and the subject 100 stands up by detecting the foot of the subject 100. It has a configuration for detecting that the position has been changed.
　このようなプレート２１を使用した場合においては、被検者１００とプレート２１との接触領域が変更されたことを判定することにより、被検者１００の起立位置の変更を認識することが可能となる。そして、被検者１００の起立位置が変更された場合においては、重心位置が適正か否かの判定動作をやり直すことにより、被検者１００の姿勢判定の誤動作を防止することができ、重心位置の適否を適正に判定することが可能となる。 When such a plate 21 is used, it is possible to recognize a change in the standing position of the subject 100 by determining that the contact area between the subject 100 and the plate 21 has been changed. Become. Then, when the standing position of the subject 100 is changed, it is possible to prevent erroneous operation of posture determination of the subject 100 by re-determining whether or not the center of gravity position is appropriate. It becomes possible to determine the suitability of the above.
　次に、この発明のさらに他の実施形態について説明する。図１２は、この発明の第３実施形態に係るＸ線撮影装置における重心位置検出器の正面図である。また、図１３は、この発明の第３実施形態に係るＸ線撮影装置の主要な制御系を示すブロック図である。なお、上述した第１、第２実施形態と同様の部材については、同一の符号を付して詳細な説明を省略する。 Next, still another embodiment of the present invention will be described. FIG. 12 is a front view of the center-of-gravity position detector in the X-ray imaging apparatus according to the third embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 13 is a block diagram showing a main control system of the X-ray imaging apparatus according to the third embodiment of the present invention. In addition, about the member similar to 1st, 2nd embodiment mentioned above, the same code | symbol is attached | subjected and detailed description is abbreviate | omitted.
　この第３実施形態に係るＸ線撮影装置は、第２実施形態に係るＸ線撮影装置における重心位置検出器２０に対して、接触領域検出器２９を付設した構成を有する。この接触領域検出器２９は、図１２に示すようにプレート２１の上面に配設されており、その表面全域が被検者１００との接触を認識するセンサ領域となっている。このため、この接触領域検出器１９により、被検者１００と重心位置検出器２０との接触領域の位置を検出することが可能となる。 The X-ray imaging apparatus according to the third embodiment has a configuration in which a contact area detector 29 is added to the gravity center position detector 20 in the X-ray imaging apparatus according to the second embodiment. The contact area detector 29 is disposed on the upper surface of the plate 21 as shown in FIG. 12, and the entire surface is a sensor area that recognizes contact with the subject 100. For this reason, the contact area detector 19 can detect the position of the contact area between the subject 100 and the center-of-gravity position detector 20.
　ここで、被検者１００と重心位置検出器２０との接触領域の位置とは、例えば、被検者１００の足の領域の重心位置であってもよく、Ｘ、Ｙ方向の中央の位置であってもよい。また、被検者１００の足の方向をも考慮したものであってもよい。 Here, the position of the contact area between the subject 100 and the center-of-gravity position detector 20 may be, for example, the center-of-gravity position of the foot area of the subject 100, or the center position in the X and Y directions. There may be. Further, the direction of the foot of the subject 100 may be taken into consideration.
　この第３実施形態に係るＸ線撮影装置においては、適正重心位置演算部５１により演算され、適正重心位置記憶部５２に記憶される適正な重心位置は、被検者１００と重心位置検出器２０との接触領域の位置の関係を考慮したデータとして記憶される。そして、被検者１００を重心位置検出器２０上で起立させ、その姿勢が適正な姿勢となるように姿勢の調整を行う場合には、接触領域検出器２９により検出した被検者１００と重心位置検出器２０との接触領域の位置のデータを利用する。この場合には、例えば、接触領域検出器２９により検出した被検者１００と重心位置検出器２０との接触領域の位置のデータに基づいて、重心位置検出器２０により検出した重心位置のデータを補正する。 In the X-ray imaging apparatus according to the third embodiment, the proper center-of-gravity position calculated by the appropriate center-of-gravity position calculation unit 51 and stored in the appropriate center-of-gravity position storage unit 52 is the subject 100 and the center-of-gravity position detector 20. Is stored as data in consideration of the positional relationship of the contact area. When the subject 100 is erected on the center-of-gravity position detector 20 and the posture is adjusted so that the posture becomes an appropriate posture, the subject 100 and the center of gravity detected by the contact region detector 29 are used. Data on the position of the contact area with the position detector 20 is used. In this case, for example, based on the data of the position of the contact area between the subject 100 and the center of gravity position detector 20 detected by the contact area detector 29, the data of the center of gravity position detected by the center of gravity position detector 20 is obtained. to correct.
　このように、接触領域検出器２９により検出した被検者１００と重心位置検出器２０との接触領域の位置のデータをも利用して重心位置の適否を判定する場合においては、被検者１００の起立位置が重心位置検出器２０の中央から離隔した位置であった場合等においても、重心位置の適否を正確に判定することが可能となる。 Thus, in the case where the suitability of the center of gravity position is determined using also the data of the position of the contact area between the subject 100 and the center of gravity position detector 20 detected by the contact area detector 29, the subject 100 Even when the standing position is a position separated from the center of the gravity center position detector 20, it is possible to accurately determine whether the gravity center position is appropriate.
　なお、上述した第３実施形態においては、第２実施形態に係るＸ線撮影装置に対して接触領域検出器２９を付設した場合について説明したが、第１実施形態に係るＸ線撮影装置に対して接触領域検出器２９を付設してもよい。この場合においても、上述した第３実施形態の場合と同様、適正重心位置記憶部５２に記憶した適正な重心位置と重心位置検出器２０により検出した重心位置との距離に基づいて重心位置の適否を判定する場合に、接触領域検出器２９により検出した被検者１００と重心位置検出器２０との接触領域の位置のデータを利用することにより、被検者１００の起立位置が重心位置検出器２０の中央から離隔した位置に移動した場合等においても、重心位置の適否を正確に判定することが可能となる。 In the third embodiment described above, the case where the contact area detector 29 is attached to the X-ray imaging apparatus according to the second embodiment has been described, but the X-ray imaging apparatus according to the first embodiment is described. A contact area detector 29 may be additionally provided. In this case as well, as in the case of the third embodiment described above, whether or not the gravity center position is appropriate based on the distance between the appropriate gravity center position stored in the appropriate gravity center position storage unit 52 and the gravity center position detected by the gravity center position detector 20. Is determined by using the data of the position of the contact area between the subject 100 and the center-of-gravity position detector 20 detected by the contact area detector 29, so that the standing position of the subject 100 is detected by the center-of-gravity position detector. Even in the case of moving to a position separated from the center of 20, it is possible to accurately determine whether the center of gravity position is appropriate.
　上述した第１、第２、第３実施形態においては、警告部５４からの警告信号に応じて、表示部５５に警告表示を表示するとともに、必要に応じ、警告音を発生させているが、この警告表示は、例えば、ランプを点灯させることや、Ｘ線撮影装置の操作を不可能とすること等、オペレータに対して警告を伝達することができる各種の方法を採用することが可能である。 In the first, second, and third embodiments described above, a warning display is displayed on the display unit 55 in response to a warning signal from the warning unit 54, and a warning sound is generated as necessary. For this warning display, it is possible to adopt various methods capable of transmitting a warning to the operator, such as turning on the lamp or making the operation of the X-ray imaging apparatus impossible. .
　１１　　　枠体
　１２　　　衝立
　１３　　　支持部
　１４　　　ベース部
　２０　　　重心位置検出器
　２１　　　プレート
　２２　　　圧力センサ
　２３　　　支持部
　２４　　　標線
　２５　　　足形表示
　２８　　　センサ
　２９　　　接触領域検出器
　３０　　　Ｘ線照射部
　３１　　　Ｘ線管
　３２　　　コリメータ
　４１　　　Ｘ線検出器
　５０　　　制御部
　５１　　　適正重心位置演算部
　５２　　　適正重心位置記憶部
　５３　　　比較部
　５４　　　警告部
　５５　　　表示部
　５６　　　操作部
　５９　　　院内ネットワーク
　１００　　被検者
  DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 11 Frame 12 Screen 13 Support part 14 Base part 20 Center of gravity position detector 21 Plate 22 Pressure sensor 23 Support part 24 Mark line 25 Footprint display 28 Sensor 29 Contact area detector 30 X-ray irradiation part 31 X-ray tube 32 Collimator 41 X Line detector 50 Control unit 51 Appropriate center of gravity position calculation unit 52 Appropriate center of gravity position storage unit 53 Comparison unit 54 Warning unit 55 Display unit 56 Operation unit 59 Hospital network 100 Subject

Claims (7)

  1. 　Ｘ線管と、前記Ｘ線管から照射され被検者と通過したＸ線を検出するＸ線検出器とを備え、立位状態の被検者の患部を撮影するＸ線撮影装置において、
    　前記被検者を正しい姿勢でＸ線撮影するための、前記被検者の水平面内における適正な重心位置を記憶する適正重心位置記憶部と、
    　前記被検者を載置した状態で、前記被検者の水平面内における重心位置を検出する重心位置検出器と、
    　前記適正重心位置記憶部に記憶した適正な重心位置と前記重心位置検出器により検出した重心位置との距離が、予め設定した設定値以上となった場合に、警告信号を発生させる警告部と、
    　を備えることを特徴とするＸ線撮影装置。     In an X-ray imaging apparatus that includes an X-ray tube and an X-ray detector that detects X-rays that have been irradiated and passed through the X-ray tube, and images an affected area of a subject in a standing position,
    An appropriate center-of-gravity position storage unit for storing an appropriate center-of-gravity position in the horizontal plane of the subject for X-ray imaging of the subject in a correct posture;
    In a state where the subject is placed, a centroid position detector that detects a centroid position in a horizontal plane of the subject;
    A warning unit that generates a warning signal when a distance between a proper gravity center position stored in the appropriate gravity center position storage unit and the gravity center position detected by the gravity center position detector is equal to or greater than a preset value;
    An X-ray imaging apparatus comprising:
  2. 　請求項１に記載のＸ線撮影装置において、
    　前記適正な重心位置は、前記被検者が正しい姿勢をとったときに前記重心位置検出器により検出した重心の位置であるＸ線撮影装置。     The X-ray imaging apparatus according to claim 1,
    The proper center-of-gravity position is an X-ray imaging apparatus that is the position of the center of gravity detected by the center-of-gravity position detector when the subject takes a correct posture.
  3. 　請求項１に記載のＸ線撮影装置において、
    　前記適正な重心位置は、前記被検者の身体的な情報に基づいて演算した重心の位置であるＸ線撮影装置。     The X-ray imaging apparatus according to claim 1,
    The proper center-of-gravity position is an X-ray imaging apparatus that is the position of the center of gravity calculated based on the physical information of the subject.
  4. 　請求項３に記載のＸ線撮影装置において、
    　前記被検者の身体的な情報は、前記被検者の性別、体重、体厚、足のサイズのいずれかを含むＸ線撮影装置。     The X-ray imaging apparatus according to claim 3,
    The X-ray imaging apparatus, wherein the physical information of the subject includes any of gender, weight, body thickness, and foot size of the subject.
  5. 　請求項１から請求項４のいずれかに記載のＸ線撮影装置において、
    　前記重心位置検出器は、前記被検者が起立するプレートと、前記プレートの下面に所定の距離だけ互いに離隔して配置された３個以上の圧力センサと、を備えるＸ線撮影装置。     The X-ray imaging apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 4,
    The center-of-gravity position detector is an X-ray imaging apparatus including a plate on which the subject stands and three or more pressure sensors arranged on the lower surface of the plate at a predetermined distance from each other.
  6. 　請求項１から請求項４のいずれかに記載のＸ線撮影装置において、
    　前記被検者と前記重心検出器との接触領域が変更されたことを判定する接触領域変更検出手段をさらに備えるＸ線撮影装置。     The X-ray imaging apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 4,
    An X-ray imaging apparatus further comprising contact area change detection means for determining that a contact area between the subject and the barycenter detector has been changed.
  7. 　請求項１から請求項４のいずれかに記載のＸ線撮影装置において、
    　前記被検者と前記重心検出器との接触領域の位置を検出する接触領域検出手段をさらに備えるＸ線撮影装置。
          The X-ray imaging apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 4,
    An X-ray imaging apparatus further comprising contact area detection means for detecting a position of a contact area between the subject and the barycenter detector.
PCT/JP2015/063415 2015-05-11 2015-05-11 X-ray imaging device WO2016181447A1 (en)

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