WO2016173613A1 - Barrière de cylindre sous-marine pour arrêter une inondation issue de tsunami et de tempêtes tropicales - Google Patents

Barrière de cylindre sous-marine pour arrêter une inondation issue de tsunami et de tempêtes tropicales Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2016173613A1
WO2016173613A1 PCT/EP2015/059057 EP2015059057W WO2016173613A1 WO 2016173613 A1 WO2016173613 A1 WO 2016173613A1 EP 2015059057 W EP2015059057 W EP 2015059057W WO 2016173613 A1 WO2016173613 A1 WO 2016173613A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
cylindrical
framework
intended location
cylindrical framework
seafloor
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP2015/059057
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English (en)
Inventor
Hans J. Scheel
Original Assignee
Scheel Consulting
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Scheel Consulting filed Critical Scheel Consulting
Priority to PCT/EP2015/059057 priority Critical patent/WO2016173613A1/fr
Publication of WO2016173613A1 publication Critical patent/WO2016173613A1/fr

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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
    • E02B3/00—Engineering works in connection with control or use of streams, rivers, coasts, or other marine sites; Sealings or joints for engineering works in general
    • E02B3/04—Structures or apparatus for, or methods of, protecting banks, coasts, or harbours
    • E02B3/06—Moles; Piers; Quays; Quay walls; Groynes; Breakwaters ; Wave dissipating walls; Quay equipment
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
    • E02B3/00—Engineering works in connection with control or use of streams, rivers, coasts, or other marine sites; Sealings or joints for engineering works in general
    • E02B3/04—Structures or apparatus for, or methods of, protecting banks, coasts, or harbours
    • E02B3/10—Dams; Dykes; Sluice ways or other structures for dykes, dams, or the like
    • E02B3/106—Temporary dykes
    • E02B3/108—Temporary dykes with a filling, e.g. filled by water or sand
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D29/00—Independent underground or underwater structures; Retaining walls
    • E02D29/02—Retaining or protecting walls
    • E02D29/0258—Retaining or protecting walls characterised by constructional features
    • E02D29/0291—Retaining or protecting walls characterised by constructional features made up of filled, bag-like elements

Definitions

  • TROPICAL STORMS Inventor: Hans J. Scheel, c/o Scheel Consulting, 8808 Pfaffikon, Switzerland
  • the present invention relates to a method for constructing a submarine barrier to prevent flooding from Tsunami and tropical storms and a barrier element for use in such a method.
  • the barrier especially protects a land against shock waves such as Tsunami and/or against high sea waves.
  • Stable barriers for Tsunami protection are described by the applicant in WO 2013/030810, WO 2014/045085, WO 2014/045132 and US 2015/227033 as well as in Scheel HJ.( 2014), "New type of tsunami barrier", Natural Hazards, 70, 951-95 and Scheel H.J.(2014), “Novel tsunami barriers and their applications for hydroelectric energy storage, fish farming, and for land reclamation", Science of Tsunami Hazards, Journal of Tsunami Society International, Volume 33 Nr. 3, 170-192.
  • Tsunami-Flooding-Barriers have vertical seaward walls and are thus breaking with the tradition of sloped dams and use of rubble mounds (with slopes) to hold the caissons.
  • the vertical barrier reflects and partially absorbs the energy of impulse (pressure) waves of tsunami, whereas any slope assists the transition of the kinetic tsunami energy to the potential energy which leads to the catastrophic tsunami water fronts.
  • the construction of single-fence-rock or double-fence- rock structures is quite demanding with respect to investment and to construction time, even when a double-pontoon technology is applied as described by Scheel in AU 2014/200674.
  • the gabions suggested in WO 2014/045132 have a size of 1 to 20 m in all three dimensions. To build the wall they are piled up and fixed together horizontally and vertically. This is quite time consuming and needs precision adjustment and arrangement of the gabions starting from the seafloor.
  • This object is achieved with a method for constructing a submarine barrier against shock waves such as Tsunami and/or against high sea waves, the barrier being built at an intended location in the sea, wherein the method comprising the steps of:
  • the at least one cylindrical framework is empty or mainly empty or filled with seawater and
  • the seawater is flowing out of the framework when the filling material is filled in.
  • the method may comprise the step of dredging the seafloor at the intended location to sufficient depth for placing the framework and/or it may comprise the step of preparing the intended location by formation of a foundation in the seafloor. This dredging or preparation of the seafloor is preferably done before depositing the framework into the sea at the intended location.
  • a barrier can therefore be built just by connecting neighbouring frameworks horizontally, They have not to be fixed in vertical direction to each other.
  • the inventive method can therefore be performed with less steps as the one known in the prior art and is therefore more efficient and requires much less time.
  • the at least one cylindrical framework is closed, for example by steel fences, and sealed by a water-impermeable material like Geotextile, Geofabrics, wood or plastic sheet, so that it is swimming.
  • a water-impermeable material like Geotextile, Geofabrics, wood or plastic sheet, so that it is swimming.
  • Such cylindrical frameworks can be connected to long rows of cylinders in a harbour and they can be successively pushed towards the sea. These long rows of cylinders can be transported by floating, assisted and kept from turnover by ships, pontoons and/or swimming bodies. This procedure is preferably done in a period of quiet water.
  • these rows of cylinders are simultaneously lowered into the sea by opening holes in the lower part of the cylinders to float with water. They may additionally or alternatively be lowered by inserting grout, concrete or other kind of filling material through a top opening on top of the cylinder framework. With proper pre-preparation on land, long barriers can be built in the sea at a very short time.
  • the method further comprises the step of connecting the two cylindrical frameworks horizontally to each after deposition at the location or after filling at least one of the two cylindrical frameworks with filling material.
  • the at least two cylindrical frameworks are arranged in line with each other, this line extending at least approximately parallel to a coast near the intended location.
  • the gap is filled with filling material, such as concrete or grout, as well.
  • the method comprises the step of connecting at least one of the at least one cylindrical frameworks to a barrier element being different from the cylindrical framework.
  • the barrier element being different is preferably a Tsunami-Flooding Barrier of the applicant mentioned above.
  • the method comprises the step of fixing the at least one cylindrical framework to the seafloor.
  • a depression as a bed is formed in the seafloor by dredging so that the cylindrical framework is held in this bed.
  • the depth of the depression depends on the seaground structure, which can be for example sand, gravel, slit or the like. Additionally or alternatively a foundation of sufficient depth may be prepared on the seafloor to which foundation the framework is fixed.
  • the filled framework is fixed by its own weight.
  • beams are provided which are extending from the surface of the framework. When the framework is filled with the filling material, the beams are pressed into the seafloor and the framework is fixed.
  • beams are located and already fixed into the seafloor before the framework is lowered to the seafloor. When the framework is filled with filling material, the framework is pressed towards these beams and therefore fixed to the seafloor.
  • the method comprises the step of providing at least one stopper at the seafloor for preventing the at least one cylindrical framework to move at least in one direction.
  • the method comprises the step of arranging the at least one cylindrical framework at the intended location so that it is still movable in direction towards the coast but it is not movable in direction away from the coast.
  • the at least one cylindrical framework is movable and lifted at least partially above the mean sea level to increase its weight.
  • the cylindrical framework is provided having a main body with a triangular, a hexagonal, a rectangular, a heptagonal, a pentagonal, an octagonal, a round, an approximately round or an irregular cross section, this cross section defining the height of the cylindrical framework when located at the intended location.
  • the cylindrical framework is provided having on its top a flat surface or a top structure above sea level to facilitate the construction of a service road.
  • the method comprises the step of providing a service road on top of the at least one cylindrical framework.
  • the filling material used is preferably at least one of rocks, gravel, sand, rubble, grout and concrete.
  • the cylindrical framework is preferably made of steel, preferably of stainless steel resistant to seawater, or of a hard material which is protected against corrosion.
  • the lateral surface of the cylindrical framework is preferably closed.
  • At least one cylindrical framework with sidewalls having a round or an approximately round cross section having an empty inner space and a height sufficient to extend from a seafloor to a mean sea level at the intended location, the cross section defining the height when the at least one cylindrical framework is located at the intended location,
  • This method has the advantage that even bigger and especially longer barrier elements can be used in the shape of one single cylindrical framework. In addition, it can more easily be filled since the filling material has not to be transported on the water.
  • the multiple of variants mentioned above in relation to the first inventive method described do also apply for this method.
  • the method may comprise the additional step of preparing the seafloor before rolling the cylindrical framework to the intended location by dredging and/or by providing a foundation.
  • An inventive barrier element to be used in the methods mentioned above comprises a cylindrical framework filled with filling material, the cylindrical framework having a main body with a triangular, a hexagonal, a rectangular, a heptagonal, a pentagonal, an octagonal, a round, an approximately round or an irregular cross section, this cross section defining the height of the cylindrical framework when located at an intended and preferably prepared location of use.
  • Figure 1 shows a schematic cross section of an inventive barrier arranged within the sea according to a first embodiment of the invention
  • Figure 2 shows a schematic cross section of an inventive barrier arranged within the sea according to a second embodiment of the invention
  • Figure 3 shows a schematic cross section of an inventive barrier arranged within the sea according to a third embodiment of the invention
  • Figure 4 shows a schematic cross section of an inventive barrier arranged within the sea according to a fourth embodiment of the invention
  • Figure 5 shows a schematic cross section of the inventive barrier according to figure
  • Figure 6 shows a schematic top view of a barrier construction comprising a combination of Tsunami-Flooding-Barriers and inventive barriers according to figure 1 ;
  • Figure 7 shows a cross section of a coast without any protection being exposed to a
  • Figure 8 shows a cross section of a coast with a conventional concrete wall being exposed to a Tsunami wave
  • Figure 9 shows a cross section of a coast with a Tsunami-Flooding-Barriers as suggested previously by the applicant and Figure 10 shows a cross section of a coast with an inventive barrier according to figure
  • Figures 1 to 4 show a coast having inventive barriers immersed into the sea and extending from a sea ground 2 at least up to a mean sea level 1. Preferably it extends over this mean sea level 1.
  • Each barrier mainly consists of at least one large cylindrical framework 3, 12, 14, 16 made of a steel frame 9, with sidewall covers of stainless-steel fence or wood or geotextile or other sheets depending on the filling material.
  • the cylindrical framework 3, 12, 14, 16 with its sidewall cover is prefabricated on land and transported to the location by ships, by floating, by heavy-duty cranes on catamarans, or by other appropriate means.
  • Each of the cylindrical framework 3, 12, 14, 16 or each cylinder has a sufficient height to extend from the seafloor 2 to the mean sea level 1. Preferably the cylinders extend beyond the main sea level 1.
  • the mean sea level is defined by the average of sea levels at low tide and high tide and may increase with increasing sea level due to climate change.
  • the cylinders 3, 12, 14, 16 are laying on the seafloor, i.e. the height is defined by the dimension of the base of the cylinder, which dimension extends in vertical direction.
  • the length of the lateral surface of the cylinder defines the length of the framework 3, 12, 14, 16 extending along the seafloor.
  • each framework 3, 12, 14, 16 with sidewalls has a weight sufficient to immerse the empty framework into the sea where it will be filled with seawater unless the whole cylinder is closed and sealed.
  • the cylindrical frameworks 3, 12, 14, 16 are deposited into the sea to a typical depth between 20 m and 50 m below mean sea level and extending typically 4 m to 12 m above mean sea level. This means that each framework has a typical height of 24 m to 62 m. Their width is varying with the shape and typically is in the range 6m to 62m. The width is measured in perpendicular direction to the coastline.
  • filling material 10 such as rocks, gravel, sand, rubble, grout, concrete and other appropriate materials, they withstand tsunami impulse waves, tsunami water front, and storm surges.
  • These frameworks 3, 12, 14, 16 have nearly vertical or slightly rounded seaward surfaces and typical lengths between 2 m and 40 m, but can be longer in case of straight coastlines, their length being limited by the transport method and equipment. They are horizontally connected to each other to form long barriers.
  • the cylindrical framework 3 has a main body 9 with a triangular cross section as shown in figure 1.
  • This main body 9 has a steep front side, an angled back side and a long bottom side.
  • the steep front side of this framework 3 is facing the sea. It is vertical or nearly vertical. It reflects the Tsnumi impulse wave.
  • the angled back side of this cylindrical framework 3 forms a slope towards the coast. This back side and the long bottom side stabilize the framework and therefore the barrier with minimal additional mass.
  • the cylindrical framework 14 has mainly a round cross section. Preferably it is prevented from rolling down the slope of the sea bottom by at least one stopper 15 fixed into the sea bottom.
  • the stopper 15 can for example be a small wall or beams or pillars fixed into the sea bottom.
  • the cylindrical framework 12 has mainly a hexagonal cross section. It can be stabilized on the back side by piling up additional heavy stabilization mass 13, such as rocks, gravel or sand or combinations thereof.
  • the cylindrical framework 16 according to figure 4 has mainly a rectangular cross section. This one as well is preferably stabilized by a stabilisation mass 13 as described above. Instead or additionally to the stabilisation mass 13, stabilization beams or other appropriate elements can be used in all embodiments described.
  • Other shapes of cylindrical frameworks can be used as well, such as shapes with a pentagonal, a heptagonal, an octagonal or an irregular cross section.
  • the cylindrical framework has in addition to the main body 9 a flat surface (facet) or a special steel framework (not shown) on top, above sea level, to facilitate construction of a service road.
  • the seaward surface of framework 3, 12, 14, 16 above mean sea level 1 is preferably approximately vertical.
  • a part of a service road 4 is located on the flat top of the cylindrical framework 3.
  • This service road is preferably achieved by applying concrete onto the flat top or to the special steel framework.
  • the framework 12, 14, 16 may comprise all these and the following features as well.
  • the framework 3 is preferably fixed to the ground, i.e. the sea bottom, preferably after this has been dredged for a depression with depth depending on seaground characteristics, with fixation elements 11, such as steel beams.
  • fixation elements 11 are preferably fixed to the seafloor, more preferably pressed into it.
  • the framework 3 is formed from metal fences, preferably from stainless seawater-r es i stant steel, and/or from Geotextile (Geotubes, Geofabrics) held by stable framework of stainless steel beams or pipes.
  • the gaps between framework can be filled to form a closed outer surface and a closed cylinder.
  • the gaps between the framework beams can for example be filled with wood or plastic-sheet or Geotextile sheets.
  • Such closed cylinders can for example be used when the filling material 10 is a concrete or grout preferably stabilized with steel bars.
  • the concrete is preferably compacted by known vibration techniques.
  • Such a cylindrical framework 3 has a large weight when filled with the filling material, the weight being around 1000 tons per lm length.
  • the transport to the desired site in the sea is achieved by floating or moving the empty cylinder framework 3 by ships or by heavy-duty catamaran cranes and then lowered to the seafloor.
  • the framework 3 is connected to a neighbour framework 3 by stable beams, chains or other stable means of connection in order to form a long barrier parallel to the coastline.
  • these cylindrical frameworks 3 are filled with the filling material 10 so that they will be stable at the seafloor inside the dredged bed, preferably further stabilized by the fixation elements 11 fixed to the seafloor.
  • a preferred time-saving procedure consists of inserting inside the harbour the closed and sealed frameworks inside the harbour and connecting them there to form long rows of cylinders. These long rows are then successively shifted towards the sea where they are inserted to the intended and preferably prepared site by floating with water and/or by inserting the filling material.
  • the filling with filling material is completed by a funnel or filling channel 5, preferably arranged on the top side of the framework 3.
  • the filling channel 5 is preferably a tube or a funnel.
  • the filling material 10 is inserted through this filling channel 5 into the empty or water-filled inner space of the framework 3 until a height above sea level is achieved.
  • a flexible hose for grout is preferably used to compensate limited movements of the delivering ship, or pontoon or catamaran.
  • the cross section of the cylindrical framework 14 is round or nearly round. This shape enables the framework 14 to be filled already on land.
  • the filling material 10 of this embodiment is preferably concrete. However the other filling materials 10 mentioned above can be used as well.
  • the filled cylinder 14 can be rolled down the seabed slope. In this case some hard tracks or rails of concrete or metal are preferably needed to prevent sinking of the heavy cylinder in the sand or gravel. The rolling action is preferably stopped by the stopper 15 mentioned above, which forms a solid barrier at the desired site.
  • the stopping action can be assisted by spikes or rods 22, 23, inserted into radial holes around the circle of the cylindrical framework 14, as can be seen in figure 5.
  • the holes are sealed when not in use, for example by beams or closure rods 20 having a head 21 closing the hole.
  • These closure rods keep the holes free from contamination, from filling with sand and from algae development. This allows at a later stage to insert spikes for adjustment after some shift may have occurred for instance caused by earthquakes.
  • Some of the spikes also assist for the precise adjustment, for the road construction, for mounting surge stoppers 7 and for later heightening of the barrier.
  • These spikes are herein called adjustment rods 23.
  • Some of the spikes assist for fixation in the ground and are herein called fixations rods 22. In this embodiment there are four fixation rods 22 and three adjustment rods 23. They can have different lengths extending outside of the framework 14.
  • Such barriers can not only be used for Tsunami protection but also for large-scale fish farming assisted by fresh water from tidal differences or tidal turbines, for pumped hydroelectric energy storage, or the reservoirs are filled up for reclaiming new land.
  • This filling can be done by dredging sand or gravel from outside sea-ground, by filling with rocks and rubble, or by using the space as dump for waste, even radioactive waste with proper precautions and filling gaps with concrete, and covering with sand/gravel and soil on top. It is also possible to use such barriers as assistance to solve the Fukushima problem with radioactive contaminated water.
  • the filled cylindrical frameworks should have a very low permeability. This will prevent or at least strongly reduce the inward water flow from the sea in case of contamination accidents like oil-spill, and it will keep water levels in case of pumped hydroelectric energy storage. Furthermore it will prevent outflow of radioactive contaminated water from the Fukushima plant.
  • a concrete "bed” as foundation is preferably prepared, the "bed” having a sufficient size and stability.
  • a deep bed, herein also called depression can be produced by dredging.
  • Tsunami- Flooding Barriers 19 are constructed starting from the coast until reaching the required depth, and the cylinder barriers 3, 12, 14, 16 of the above mentioned size are deposited parallel to the coastline at approximately constant depth.
  • Such cylinder barriers are preferably sealed by steel fence side walls combined with other materials, such as Geofabrics or wood.
  • the cylindrical barriers are most efficiently connected in a harbour followed by floating the long rows of cylinders to the intended prepared site.
  • Figures 7 to 10 show four situations.
  • Figure 7 shows a coast without protection.
  • Reference number 1 refers to a mean sea level.
  • Reference number 18 refers to a storm wave or even a Tsunami wave flooding the land.
  • Figure 8 shows a coast with a conventional barrier 17, i.e. a wall like it is presently built in Japan ashore the East coast.
  • a high storm wave or a Tsunami wave 18 will get over this wall by overtopping and still flood the land behind, or the wall will be destroyed by a heavy tsunami as frequently experienced.
  • Figure 9 shows a coastline with a submarine Tsunami-Flooding Barrier 19 of the applicant.
  • This vertical barrier reflects and partially absorbs the energy of impulse (pressure) waves of tsunami. This reflection is shown in this figure by the arrow directed to the sea .
  • the new and inventive barriers have the same effect.
  • the big arrow once again shows the reflection of the impulse waves of tsunami and the small arrow shows the movement of the round barrier towards the coast.
  • the barriers comprising cylindrical frameworks contain pre-installed turbines and/or pump-turbines for tidal energy production and for pumped hydroelectric energy storage.
  • the advantage of this invention is that the turbines can be installed into the steel framework on land.
  • gates and/or sluices for navigation can be provided by attaching them to the stable steel frameworks.
  • the inventive framework cylinders form either alone or together with other barriers a wall which can be built economically in a highly efficient way. These barriers are well-working for shock waves such as Tsunami and/or high sea waves and allow to build large sea reservoirs for many applications.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Ocean & Marine Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Revetment (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un procédé pour construire une barrière sous-marine contre des ondes de choc, telles qu'un tsunami, et/ou contre des hautes vagues de mer, la barrière étant construite à un emplacement prévu dans la mer, le procédé comprenant les étapes suivantes : - fournir au moins un cadre cylindrique (3, 12, 14, 16) ayant des parois latérales ayant un espace interne vide et une hauteur suffisante pour s'étendre d'un fond océanique (2) à un niveau moyen de la mer (1) à l'emplacement prévu, - déposer ledit cadre cylindrique (3, 12, 14, 16) dans la mer à l'emplacement prévu, ledit cadre cylindrique (3, 12, 14, 16) étant vide ou principalement vide ou inondé avec l'eau de mer, et - remplir l'espace interne vide avec un matériau de remplissage (10) à l'emplacement prévu. Ce procédé permet une construction efficace d'une barrière sous-marine.
PCT/EP2015/059057 2015-04-27 2015-04-27 Barrière de cylindre sous-marine pour arrêter une inondation issue de tsunami et de tempêtes tropicales WO2016173613A1 (fr)

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PCT/EP2015/059057 WO2016173613A1 (fr) 2015-04-27 2015-04-27 Barrière de cylindre sous-marine pour arrêter une inondation issue de tsunami et de tempêtes tropicales

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PCT/EP2015/059057 WO2016173613A1 (fr) 2015-04-27 2015-04-27 Barrière de cylindre sous-marine pour arrêter une inondation issue de tsunami et de tempêtes tropicales

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR3094993A1 (fr) 2019-04-11 2020-10-16 Joel Lesser Dispositif maintenant couverts des hydrobiontes photosynthétiques dérivants, les privant de lumière, et les procédés d’élimination et de récolte associés.

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WO2001036751A1 (fr) * 1999-11-16 2001-05-25 Adriano Bertoldi Barriere destinee a la protection des cotes
US6364571B1 (en) * 1997-09-22 2002-04-02 David Doolaege Flexible hydraulic structure with right angle tube fitted therethrough
US20070217868A1 (en) * 2006-03-17 2007-09-20 Beidle Thomas R Method and apparatus for countering flooding in coastal areas
WO2012091392A2 (fr) * 2010-12-30 2012-07-05 주식회사 본이앤씨 Tube de formation d'une structure de sol à l'aide de barges, et son procédé de construction
WO2013030810A1 (fr) 2011-09-02 2013-03-07 Hans Scheel Structure et procédé de protection contre les tsunamis et les hautes vagues océaniques provoquées par des tempêtes
WO2014045085A1 (fr) 2012-09-19 2014-03-27 Hans Scheel Protection contre les raz de marée et les lames de fond
WO2014045132A1 (fr) 2012-09-19 2014-03-27 Scheel Hans J Digues maritimes à base de gabions pour la protection contre les raz de marée, la protection des installations de pisciculture et la protection des bâtiments en mer
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US6364571B1 (en) * 1997-09-22 2002-04-02 David Doolaege Flexible hydraulic structure with right angle tube fitted therethrough
WO2001036751A1 (fr) * 1999-11-16 2001-05-25 Adriano Bertoldi Barriere destinee a la protection des cotes
US20070217868A1 (en) * 2006-03-17 2007-09-20 Beidle Thomas R Method and apparatus for countering flooding in coastal areas
WO2012091392A2 (fr) * 2010-12-30 2012-07-05 주식회사 본이앤씨 Tube de formation d'une structure de sol à l'aide de barges, et son procédé de construction
WO2013030810A1 (fr) 2011-09-02 2013-03-07 Hans Scheel Structure et procédé de protection contre les tsunamis et les hautes vagues océaniques provoquées par des tempêtes
WO2014045085A1 (fr) 2012-09-19 2014-03-27 Hans Scheel Protection contre les raz de marée et les lames de fond
WO2014045132A1 (fr) 2012-09-19 2014-03-27 Scheel Hans J Digues maritimes à base de gabions pour la protection contre les raz de marée, la protection des installations de pisciculture et la protection des bâtiments en mer
US20140227033A1 (en) 2013-02-08 2014-08-14 Hans Scheel Submarine construction for Tsunami and flooding protection, for fish farming, and for protection of buildings in the sea
AU2014200674A1 (en) 2013-02-08 2014-08-28 Scheel, Hans J. MR Submarine construction for tsunami and flooding protection, for tidal energy and energy storage, and for fish farming

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H.F. BURCHARDT; S.A. HUGHES: "Coastal Engineering Manual", vol. 6, 2003, article "Types and Functions of Coastal Structures", pages: VI-2 - I,VI-2-4
HANS J. SCHEEL, C/O SCHEEL CONSULTING, 8808 PFAFFIKON, SWITZERLAND
SCHEEL H.J.: "Novel tsunami barriers and their applications for hydroelectric energy storage, fish farming, and for land reclamation", SCIENCE OF TSUNAMI HAZARDS, JOURNAL OF TSUNAMI SOCIETY INTERNATIONAL, vol. 33, no. 3, 2014, pages 170 - 192
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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR3094993A1 (fr) 2019-04-11 2020-10-16 Joel Lesser Dispositif maintenant couverts des hydrobiontes photosynthétiques dérivants, les privant de lumière, et les procédés d’élimination et de récolte associés.

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