WO2016169276A1 - 一种设施农业激光测控电动旋平机 - Google Patents

一种设施农业激光测控电动旋平机 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2016169276A1
WO2016169276A1 PCT/CN2015/096924 CN2015096924W WO2016169276A1 WO 2016169276 A1 WO2016169276 A1 WO 2016169276A1 CN 2015096924 W CN2015096924 W CN 2015096924W WO 2016169276 A1 WO2016169276 A1 WO 2016169276A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
frame
rotary
rear axle
component
push rod
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2015/096924
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
弋景刚
张国彬
崔保健
邢雅周
吴红雷
袁永伟
白彦杰
Original Assignee
河北农业大学
河北中农博远农业装备有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 河北农业大学, 河北中农博远农业装备有限公司 filed Critical 河北农业大学
Priority to US15/035,501 priority Critical patent/US9775275B2/en
Publication of WO2016169276A1 publication Critical patent/WO2016169276A1/zh

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Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01B—SOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
    • A01B33/00—Tilling implements with rotary driven tools, e.g. in combination with fertiliser distributors or seeders, with grubbing chains, with sloping axles, with driven discs
    • A01B33/02—Tilling implements with rotary driven tools, e.g. in combination with fertiliser distributors or seeders, with grubbing chains, with sloping axles, with driven discs with tools on horizontal shaft transverse to direction of travel
    • A01B33/021—Tilling implements with rotary driven tools, e.g. in combination with fertiliser distributors or seeders, with grubbing chains, with sloping axles, with driven discs with tools on horizontal shaft transverse to direction of travel with rigid tools
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01B—SOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
    • A01B79/00—Methods for working soil
    • A01B79/005—Precision agriculture
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01B—SOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
    • A01B33/00—Tilling implements with rotary driven tools, e.g. in combination with fertiliser distributors or seeders, with grubbing chains, with sloping axles, with driven discs
    • A01B33/02—Tilling implements with rotary driven tools, e.g. in combination with fertiliser distributors or seeders, with grubbing chains, with sloping axles, with driven discs with tools on horizontal shaft transverse to direction of travel
    • A01B33/028—Tilling implements with rotary driven tools, e.g. in combination with fertiliser distributors or seeders, with grubbing chains, with sloping axles, with driven discs with tools on horizontal shaft transverse to direction of travel of the walk-behind type
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01B—SOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
    • A01B49/00—Combined machines
    • A01B49/02—Combined machines with two or more soil-working tools of different kind
    • A01B49/022—Combined machines with two or more soil-working tools of different kind at least one tool being actively driven
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01B—SOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
    • A01B49/00—Combined machines
    • A01B49/02—Combined machines with two or more soil-working tools of different kind
    • A01B49/027—Combined machines with two or more soil-working tools of different kind with a rotating, soil working support element, e.g. a roller

Definitions

  • the name of the invention a facility agricultural laser measurement and control electric rotary machine
  • the present invention relates to the field of facility agriculture, and in particular to a facility agricultural laser measuring and controlling electric leveling machine.
  • the existing agricultural operation machinery is relatively complicated to operate, requires a large operation space, and is slightly inadvertently harmful to the operator and the surrounding people, and is not suitable for use in a small space such as a greenhouse. Therefore, it is urgent to meet the small, environmentally friendly, rotary tilling and leveling machine for the facility agricultural operation environment.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide a facility agricultural laser measuring and controlling electric rotary leveling machine, which is compact in design, compact in structure, environmentally friendly and energy-saving, and makes the rotary tillage in the facility agriculture smooth and integrated.
  • a facility agricultural laser measuring and controlling electric rotary machine comprising a front axle component, a lifting mechanism, a rotary tiller assembly comprising a low speed DC motor connected to a left and right driving wheels via a differential transmission system installed in a front axle housing a battery pack, a rear axle steering component, a flattening component and a frame, wherein the front axle housing of the front axle component is connected to the frame via a lifting adjustment mechanism;
  • the rotary tiller assembly comprises a direct current motor and a gearbox And a rotary cutter, the DC motor is connected to the gearbox via a chain drive, and the output shaft of the gearbox is connected to the rotary cutter.
  • the rotary tiller assembly is fixedly mounted on the front part of the frame via a gearbox;
  • the rear axle steering component comprises a turntable seat, a turntable shaft, a steering handle, a rear axle frame and a squirrel-cage type hub, the turntable base being fixedly connected to the frame,
  • the turntable shaft is mounted on the turntable base, and the upper end of the turntable shaft is mounted with a steering handle, the lower end of the turntable shaft is connected with the rear axle frame, and the rear axle frame is mounted with two squirrel cage type hubs via the support shaft;
  • the flattening assembly is connected to the second electric
  • the push rod and the elastic torsion bar are connected to the frame;
  • the battery pack is located on a frame disposed before and after the rotary tiller assembly.
  • the lifting adjustment mechanism includes a crank rocker arm and a first electric pusher, and the lower end of the crank rocker arm is connected to the front axle component via a U-shaped connecting member, and the middle portion of the curved rocker arm is hingedly connected to the frame, and the curved The upper end of the rod rocker is hingedly connected to the first electric push rod, and the first electric push rod base is hinged on the frame.
  • the flattening assembly includes a second electric push rod, an elastic torsion bar, a scraper, a cutter body connecting member, and a laser receiver, wherein the upper side of the scraper is hingedly connected to the lower end of the second electric push rod,
  • the second electric push rod base is hinged on the frame, and one end of the elastic torsion bar is connected to the cutter body connecting member via a connecting sleeve, and the other end of the elastic torsion bar is hinged on the frame via a connecting member, and the laser receiver is
  • the support rod is mounted on the cutter body connector.
  • the telescopic expansion of the first electric push rod enables the crank arm to drive the front axle member to rotate around the first pin, thereby realizing the lifting adjustment of the rotary cutter in the rotary tilling assembly relative to the ground;
  • the cage hub can be freely rotated on the rear axle support shaft.
  • Two squirrel cage hubs are used to facilitate the steering.
  • the squirrel cage hub is rolled after the soil layer after the rotary tillage.
  • the second electric push rod automatically expands and contracts under the control system to adjust the height of the scraper, when two When the position signals received by the laser receiver are inconsistent, the amount of expansion and contraction of the two second electric push rods is also different, and the torsional deformation characteristics of the elastic torsion bar are utilized to achieve the purpose of the blade roll flattening, and the rigidity of the blade is still ensured.
  • the rotary farming and leveling integration in facility agriculture is realized.
  • 1 is a schematic view showing the axial side structure of a facility agricultural laser measuring and controlling electric leveling machine according to the present invention.
  • 2 is a schematic rear view of a facility agricultural laser measuring and controlling electric leveling machine according to the present invention.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic view showing the operation of the facility agricultural laser measuring and controlling electric rotary machine according to the present invention.
  • a facility agricultural laser measuring and controlling electric leveling machine comprises a differential transmission system installed in the front axle housing 1 by a low speed DC motor 2 and driving on the left and right sides.
  • the front axle component, the lifting mechanism, the rotary tiller assembly, the battery pack 12, the rear axle steering component, the flattening component and the frame 21 are connected by the wheel 4, and the front axle housing 1 of the front axle component passes through the U-shaped connector 3
  • the lifting and lowering adjustment mechanism includes a cranking rocker arm 13 and a first electric pusher 8, and the lower end of the cranking rocker arm 13 is connected to the front axle component via a U-shaped connecting member 3, and the cranking rocker arm 13 the central pin 5 is connected via a first articulation with the frame 21, the swing arm 13 is connected to the upper end of the push rod of the knee lever and the first motor 68 via the second hinge pin, said first motor mount 8 by the push rod 9 is hinged on the rotating shaft machine
  • the rear axle frame 15 is mounted with two squirrel cage type hubs 16 via the support shaft, and the two squirrel cage type hubs 16 are freely rotatable on the support shaft of the rear axle frame 15, using two
  • the squirrel-cage wheel 16 is beneficial to the realization of steering on the one hand.
  • the squirrel-cage wheel 16 is rolled over the soil layer after the rotary tillage, the rutting is shallow and the soil is loose, which is conducive to the subsequent work.
  • the flattening assembly includes a second electric push rod 26, an elastic torsion bar 23, a scraper 17, a blade body connector 18, and a laser receiver 20, the upper side of the blade 17 being connected to the second body via the blade body connector 18
  • the lower end of the push rod 26 is hingedly connected, the base of the second electric push rod 26 is hinged on the frame 21, the end of the elastic torsion bar 23 is connected to the blade body connecting member 18 via the connecting sleeve 10, and the other end of the elastic torsion bar 23 is
  • the connecting member is hinged on the frame 21, and the laser receiver 20 is mounted on the blade connecting member 18 via the support rod 19; when the laser receiver 20 receives the position signal different from the set reference plane, the second electric push The rod 26 automatically expands and contracts under the action of the control system to adjust the height of the blade.
  • the elastic torsion bar is utilized.
  • the torsional deformation characteristic of 23 realizes the purpose of the blade flattening and flattening, and still ensures the rigidity of the blade 17, and achieves the purpose of flattening the soil surface; the battery pack 12 is located on the frame 21 disposed before and after the rotary tiller assembly. .

Landscapes

  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Soil Sciences (AREA)
  • Environmental Sciences (AREA)
  • Soil Working Implements (AREA)
  • Agricultural Machines (AREA)

Abstract

一种设施农业激光测控电动旋平机，包括前桥部件、升降机构、旋耕组件、电池组、后桥转向部件、旋平部件和机架（21），前桥部件中的前桥壳（1）经升降调节机构与机架相连；旋耕组件包括直流电动机（11）、变速箱（7）和旋耕刀（22），直流电动机（11）经链传动与变速箱（7）相连，变速箱（7）输出轴与旋耕刀（22）相连；后桥转向部件包括转盘座（14）、转盘轴（24）、转向把（25）、后桥架（15）和鼠笼型轮毂（16），转盘座（14）与机架（21）固定连接，转盘轴（24）安装在转盘座（14）上，转盘轴（24）上端安装有转向把（25），转盘轴（24）下端与后桥架（15）相连，后桥架（15）经支撑轴上安装有两个鼠笼型轮毂（16）；旋平组件经第二电动推杆（26）和弹性扭杆（23）与机架（21）相连。该设施农业激光测控电动旋平机设计结构紧凑，环保节能，使得旋耕平整一体化。

Description

说明书 发明名称：一种设施农业激光测控电动旋平机 技术领域
[0001] 本发明涉及设施农业领域， 具体而言涉及一种设施农业激光测控电动旋平机。
背景技术
[0002] 我国设施农业起步较晚， 机械化作业水平较低， 大多数作业仍以原始的手工劳 动为主， 强度大、 效率低、 工作环境差。 随着温室大棚种植方式的快速发展， 尤其是精准设施农业对于土地平整度的要求越来越高， 手工作业无法满足其种 植要求； 另一方面， 由于温室大棚作业空间的特殊性， 大田作业农机具在其中 无法正常作业。 而为数不多的小型农业动力机械， 普遍以柴油机或汽油机作为 动力， 具有很多局限性， 柴油机尾气的排放、 燃油动力机械噪音加之如有油箱 的抛洒滴漏， 会给大棚作业带来严重的环境污染， 同吋现有农业作业机械操作 相对复杂， 需要较大的操作空间， 稍有不慎易对操作者和周围的人造成伤害， 不适合在温室大棚这样狭小的空间内使用。 因此急需满足设施农业作业环境的 小型、 环保、 旋耕平整一体机。
技术问题
[0003] 本发明的目的是提供一种设施农业激光测控电动旋平机， 该设施农业激光测控 电动旋平机设计精巧， 结构紧凑， 环保节能， 使得设施农业中的旋耕平整一体 化。
问题的解决方案
技术解决方案
[0004] 为实现上述目的， 本发明采取以下技术方案：
[0005] 一种设施农业激光测控电动旋平机， 包括由低速直流电机经安装在前桥壳内的 差速传动系统与左右两侧驱动轮相连组成的前桥部件、 升降机构、 旋耕组件、 电池组、 后桥转向部件、 旋平部件和机架， 其特征在于， 所述前桥部件中的前 桥壳经升降调节机构与机架相连； 所述旋耕组件包括直流电动机、 变速箱和旋 耕刀， 所述直流电动机经链传动与变速箱相连， 变速箱输出轴与旋耕刀相连， 所述旋耕组件经变速箱固定安装在机架前部； 所述后桥转向部件包括转盘座、 转盘轴、 转向把、 后桥架和鼠笼型轮毂， 所述转盘座与机架固定连接， 所述转 盘轴安装在转盘座上， 转盘轴上端安装有转向把， 转盘轴下端与后桥架相连， 后桥架经支撑轴上安装有两个鼠笼型轮毂； 所述旋平组件经第二电动推杆和弹 性扭杆与机架相连； 所述电池组位于设置在旋耕组件前后的机架上。
[0006] 所述升降调节机构包括曲杆摇臂和第一电动推杆， 所述曲杆摇臂下端经 U型连 接件与前桥部件相连， 曲杆摇臂中部与机架铰接相连， 曲杆摇臂上端经销与第 一电动推杆铰接相连， 所述第一电动推杆底座铰接在机架上。
[0007] 所述旋平组件包括第二电动推杆、 弹性扭杆、 刮刀、 刀体连接件和激光接收器 ， 所述刮刀上侧经刀体连接件与第二电动推杆下端铰接相连， 所述第二电动推 杆底座铰接在机架上， 所述弹性扭杆一端经连接套与刀体连接件相连， 弹性扭 杆另一端经连接件铰接在机架上， 所述激光接收器经支撑杆安装在刀体连接件 上。
发明的有益效果
有益效果
[0008] 上述技术方案中， 第一电动推杆的伸缩可使曲杆摇臂带动前桥部件绕第一销旋 转， 进而实现旋耕组件中旋耕刀相对于地面的升降调节； 两个鼠笼型轮毂在后 桥架支撑轴上均可自由旋转， 采用两个鼠笼型轮毂， 一方面有利于转向的实现 ， 另一方面鼠笼型轮毂在滚压旋耕后的土壤层后， 车辙较浅， 土质疏松， 有利 于后续的作业； 当激光接收器接收到位置信号与设定的基准面不同吋， 第二电 动推杆在控制系统的作用下自动伸缩， 调整刮刀的高度， 当两个激光接收器接 收的位置信号不一致吋， 两个第二电动推杆的伸缩量也不相同， 进而利用弹性 扭杆的扭转变形特性， 实现刮刀侧倾旋平的目的， 而且依然保证刮刀的刚度， 实现旋平土面的目的； 采用这样的设计， 不但结构紧凑而且节能环保， 实现设 施农业中的旋耕平整一体化。
对附图的简要说明
附图说明
[0009] 图 1为本发明设施农业激光测控电动旋平机轴侧结构示意图。 [0010] 图 2为本发明设施农业激光测控电动旋平机后视结构示意图。
[0011] 图 3为本发明设施农业激光测控电动旋平机工作示意图。
[0012] 图中： 1、 前桥壳； 2、 低速直流电机； 3、 U型连接件； 4、 驱动轮； 5、 第一 销； 6、 第二销； 7、 变速箱； 8、 第一电动推杆； 9、 旋转轴； 10、 连接套； 11 、 直流电动机； 12、 电池组； 13、 曲杆摇臂； 14、 转盘座； 15、 后桥架； 16、 鼠笼型轮毂； 17、 刮刀； 18、 刀体连接件； 19、 支撑杆； 20、 激光接收器； 21 、 机架； 22、 旋耕刀； 23、 弹性扭杆； 24、 转盘轴； 25、 转向把； 26、 第二电 动推杆； 27、 链条。
实施该发明的最佳实施例
本发明的最佳实施方式
[0013] 下面结合附图， 对本发明做进一步说明：
[0014] 如图 1、 图 2和图 3所示， 一种设施农业激光测控电动旋平机， 包括由低速直流 电机 2经安装在前桥壳 1内的差速传动系统与左右两侧驱动轮 4相连组成的前桥部 件、 升降机构、 旋耕组件、 电池组 12、 后桥转向部件、 旋平部件和机架 21， 所 述前桥部件中的前桥壳 1经 U型连接件 3与升降调节机构相连， 所述升降调节机构 包括曲杆摇臂 13和第一电动推杆 8， 所述曲杆摇臂 13下端经 U型连接件 3与前桥部 件相连， 曲杆摇臂 13中部经第一销 5与机架 21铰接相连， 曲杆摇臂 13上端经第二 销 6与第一电动推杆 8铰接相连， 所述第一电动推杆 8底座经旋转轴 9铰接在机架 2 1上； 第一电动推杆 8的伸缩可使曲杆摇臂 13带动前桥部件绕第一销 5旋转， 进而 实现旋耕组件中旋耕刀 22相对于地面的升降调节； 所述旋耕组件包括直流电动 机 11、 变速箱 7和旋耕刀 22， 所述直流电动机 11经链条 27传动与变速箱 7相连， 变速箱 7输出轴与旋耕刀 22相连， 所述旋耕组件经变速箱 7固定安装在机架 21前 部； 所述后桥转向部件包括转盘座 14、 转盘轴 24、 转向把 25、 后桥架 15和鼠笼 型轮毂 16， 所述转盘座 14与机架 21固定连接， 所述转盘轴 24安装在转盘座 14上 ， 转盘轴 24上端安装有转向把 25， 转盘轴 24下端与后桥架 15相连， 后桥架 15经 支撑轴上安装有两个鼠笼型轮毂 16， 两个鼠笼型轮毂 16在后桥架 15支撑轴上均 可自由旋转， 采用两个鼠笼型轮毂 16， 一方面有利于转向的实现， 另一方面鼠 笼型轮毂 16在滚压旋耕后的土壤层后， 车辙较浅， 土质疏松， 有利于后续的作 业； 所述旋平组件包括第二电动推杆 26、 弹性扭杆 23、 刮刀 17、 刀体连接件 18 和激光接收器 20， 所述刮刀 17上侧经刀体连接件 18与第二电动推杆 26下端铰接 相连， 所述第二电动推杆 26底座铰接在机架 21上， 所述弹性扭杆 23—端经连接 套 10与刀体连接件 18相连， 弹性扭杆 23另一端经连接件铰接在机架 21上， 所述 激光接收器 20经支撑杆 19安装在刀体连接件 18上； 当激光接收器 20接收到位置 信号与设定的基准面不同吋， 第二电动推杆 26在控制系统的作用下自动伸缩， 调整刮刀的高度， 当两个激光接收器 20接收的位置信号不一致吋， 两个第二电 动推杆 20的伸缩量也不相同， 进而利用弹性扭杆 23的扭转变形特性， 实现刮刀 1 7侧倾旋平的目的， 而且依然保证刮刀 17的刚度， 实现旋平土面的目的； 所述电 池组 12位于设置在旋耕组件前后的机架 21上。
本实施例只是对本发明构思和实现的一个说明， 并非对其进行限制， 在本发明 构思下， 未经实质变换的技术方案仍然在保护范围内。

Claims

权利要求书
[权利要求 1] 一种设施农业激光测控电动旋平机， 包括由低速直流电机经安装在前 桥壳内的差速传动系统与左右两侧驱动轮相连组成的前桥部件、 升降 机构、 旋耕组件、 电池组、 后桥转向部件、 旋平部件和机架， 其特征 在于， 所述前桥部件中的前桥壳经升降调节机构与机架相连； 所述旋 耕组件包括直流电动机、 变速箱和旋耕刀， 所述直流电动机经链传动 与变速箱相连， 变速箱输出轴与旋耕刀相连， 所述旋耕组件经变速箱 固定安装在机架前部； 所述后桥转向部件包括转盘座、 转盘轴、 转向 把、 后桥架和鼠笼型轮毂， 所述转盘座与机架固定连接， 所述转盘轴 安装在转盘座上， 转盘轴上端安装有转向把， 转盘轴下端与后桥架相 连， 后桥架经支撑轴上安装有两个鼠笼型轮毂； 所述旋平组件经第二 电动推杆和弹性扭杆与机架相连； 所述电池组位于设置在旋耕组件前 后的机架上。
[权利要求 2] 如权利要求 1所述的设施农业激光测控电动旋平机， 其特征在于， 所 述升降调节机构包括曲杆摇臂和第一电动推杆， 所述曲杆摇臂下端经 U型连接件与前桥部件相连， 曲杆摇臂中部与机架铰接相连， 曲杆摇 臂上端经销与第一电动推杆铰接相连， 所述第一电动推杆底座铰接在 机架上。
[权利要求 3] 如权利要求 1所述的设施农业激光测控电动旋平机， 其特征在于， 所 述旋平组件包括第二电动推杆、 弹性扭杆、 刮刀、 刀体连接件和激光 接收器， 所述刮刀上侧经刀体连接件与第二电动推杆下端铰接相连， 所述第二电动推杆底座铰接在机架上， 所述弹性扭杆一端经连接套与 刀体连接件相连， 弹性扭杆另一端经连接件铰接在机架上， 所述激光 接收器经支撑杆安装在刀体连接件上。
PCT/CN2015/096924 2015-04-22 2015-12-10 一种设施农业激光测控电动旋平机 WO2016169276A1 (zh)

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