WO2016166785A1 - Earphone with communicating tube - Google Patents

Earphone with communicating tube Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2016166785A1
WO2016166785A1 PCT/JP2015/005778 JP2015005778W WO2016166785A1 WO 2016166785 A1 WO2016166785 A1 WO 2016166785A1 JP 2015005778 W JP2015005778 W JP 2015005778W WO 2016166785 A1 WO2016166785 A1 WO 2016166785A1
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Prior art keywords
space
earphone
electroacoustic transducer
ear
sound
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PCT/JP2015/005778
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French (fr)
Japanese (ja)
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山岸　亮
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音茶楽株式会社
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Publication of WO2016166785A1 publication Critical patent/WO2016166785A1/en

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R1/00—Details of transducers, loudspeakers or microphones
    • H04R1/10—Earpieces; Attachments therefor ; Earphones; Monophonic headphones

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a sealed earphone that is used by inserting a sound emitting portion into an ear canal entrance.
  • the present invention relates to a sealed earphone characterized by high sound insulation performance.
  • Sealed earphones have a sound generating part whose back is sealed, and the ear pad that is the part that is inserted into the ear canal is formed of elastic soft plastic or rubber, etc.
  • the sealed earphone can be attached by inserting the ear pad into the ear canal, it can be reliably attached to the entrance of the outer ear to be sound-insulated.
  • the ear pad can be easily elastically deformed according to the shape of the ear canal by a material having flexibility, a good wearing feeling can be obtained.
  • custom IEM IREAR ⁇ MONITOR
  • the sealed earphones that are inserted into the ear canal entrance have good sealing performance and high sound insulation performance, making it difficult to hear external noise. It is possible.
  • it since it can be used by being inserted into the ear canal entrance, there is an advantage that it is easy to reduce the size and weight.
  • Patent Document 2 uses a ring-shaped slit formed between a bypass ring on which an electroacoustic transducer is mounted and a unit case (of an electroacoustic transducer) for acoustics. A passage is created, and the front and back surfaces of the diaphragm are acoustically coupled.
  • FIG. 6C shows a series resonance circuit comprising an equivalent mass ml of the diaphragm / stiffness S0 / acoustic resistance r1 and voice coil driving force F, stiffness Sc due to the volume of the ear canal, and stiffness S1 on the back surface of the earphone. These are bypassed by an acoustic path consisting of equivalent resistance rp.
  • the acoustic resistance R and the equivalent mass m can be expressed by the following equations.
  • R k1 ⁇ l / (b ⁇ d 3 )
  • m k2 ⁇ / d 2 k1 and k2 are constants.
  • b must be relatively large with respect to d.
  • the thickness d that is, the bypass ring It is necessary to make the gap formed between the unit case and the unit case extremely small, but this is considered to be limited in view of the manufacturing accuracy of the members.
  • Patent Publication 2005-191663 Japanese Patent Publication No. 1-101895
  • the low frequency range of the frequency characteristics is flat and the high frequency range decreases sharply, resulting in only low and medium sounds without high frequencies. End up. It is an object to provide a sealed inner-ear earphone that does not reduce the high-frequency range while maintaining low and medium sounds.
  • the present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and in a sealed earphone that is used by inserting an earpad into an ear canal entrance, the internal space of the housing that houses the electroacoustic transducer and the external space communicate acoustically.
  • the space inside the housing is separated into a front space and a rear space by the partition wall and the electroacoustic transducer,
  • the sealed earphone is characterized in that the front space and the rear space communicate with each other only by one relatively small tubular space.
  • the ear pad contacts the inner surface of the inner ear without any gap, and the sound emitted from the tip of the ear pad does not go out to the outside space. Also, since the housing that houses the electroacoustic transducer has no opening to the external space, basically no sound goes out to the external space. As a result, a sealed earphone with little sound leakage was realized.
  • FIG. 1 is an outline sketch of a sealed earphone 1 according to the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a side sectional view of the sealed earphone 1 at the center position in the depth direction when viewed from the side.
  • FIG. 3 is a rear view with the rear housing 14 removed.
  • the main part of the sealed earphone 1 includes an electroacoustic transducer 11, a front housing 13, a rear housing 14, and an ear pad 15. (The front housing 13 and the rear housing 14 are collectively referred to as a housing)
  • An electroacoustic transducer 11 is housed inside the front housing 13. As shown in FIG. 3, the electroacoustic transducer 11 is fitted into a partition wall 134 formed inside the front housing 13 without a gap. Therefore, there is no acoustic path between the front housing 13 and the rear housing 14 other than by a communication pipe described later.
  • a sound guide tube 131 is formed in front of the front housing 13 (left direction in the figure), and an ear pad 15 made of a flexible and stretchable material is fitted into the distal end portion thereof. As shown in FIG. 2, the rear part of the front housing 13 and the front part of the rear housing 14 are fitted, the inner and outer surfaces of both housings are smoothly connected, and the connection part is sealed.
  • the ear pad 15 has a circular cross section when viewed from the front direction (left side in the figure) and can be used by any user. However, it may be a custom IEM that takes the shape of a specific user's individual ear hole and has a sound conduit inserted into the ear hole with an external shape corresponding thereto.
  • a spiral tube 130 is accommodated at a position between the sound guide tube 131 and the electroacoustic transducer 11 in the front housing 13.
  • the spiral tube 132 which is another invention of the inventor, divides the sound wave path into two, and the difference between the lengths of the two paths is determined by the wavelength of the frequency that generates the closed spatial resonance of the ear canal. It is a member for equalizing half the length.
  • a wire passage member 16 is fitted below the rear end of the rear housing 14.
  • the wire passage member 16 is formed with a wire passage 161 for passing a wire for sending an electric signal to the electroacoustic transducer 11.
  • FIG. 2 the illustration of the wire is omitted.
  • the gap between the wire passage 161 and the wire is sealed with an appropriate sealant so that the interior and exterior spaces of the housing are not acoustically connected.
  • a part of the partition wall 134 is hollowed out into a quadrangle, and a holder 124 that is a rectangular parallelepiped that fits in the hollowed-out trace without any gap is fitted.
  • a thin pipe is passed through the holder 124 in advance.
  • This pipe is a communication pipe 12 that forms a tubular space. Since the thin pipe is a small member, handling is troublesome when assembling, but if it is attached to the holder 124 in advance, it is easy to handle.
  • Part of the frame material of the electroacoustic transducer 11 forms a duct 112.
  • One of the ducts 112 (left side in the figure) is a bottom and is closed.
  • a thin hole 113 is formed in a part of the bottom, and penetrates to the space on the back side of the vibration plate 111.
  • a hole 114, a hole 115, a hole 116, and a hole 117 are formed in the center of each of the frame material, yoke, magnet, and pole piece of the electroacoustic transducer 11, respectively.
  • the positions of the respective holes are overlapped and penetrate to the space at the center of the back side of the vibration plate 111.
  • a sound wave generated on the front side (right side in the drawing) of the vibration plate 111 of the electroacoustic transducer 11 passes through two paths formed by the spiral tube 132 and passes through the acoustic path 133. Via to reach the ear canal.
  • the front space F on the front side of the vibration plate 111 and the rear space R on the back side are acoustically connected by the communication pipe 12. There is no opening where sound waves go out to the outside space.
  • FIG. 7 shows the result of evaluating the sound leakage characteristics of the sealed earphone 1 described above. This is measured by inserting the ear pad 15 into a dummy outer ear hole, placing the microphone in a position opposite to the sound generation direction of the sealed earphone 1 (the side having the ear pad), and operating the sealed earphone 1.
  • the reduction in sound leakage is 8 dB or more between 2 kHz and 8 kHz and a maximum of 17.4 dB at 5 kHz. Has been realized.
  • the acoustic equivalent circuit is shown in FIG. This indicates that the front space F on the front side and the rear space R on the rear side of the vibration plate 111 are bypassed by the communication pipe 12 represented by the acoustic space mp and the acoustic resistance rp. Since the communication pipe 12 is a thin pipe and the inner diameter can be freely changed, it is easy to adjust the acoustic space mp and the acoustic resistance rp to desired values.
  • FIG. 8 shows the result of measuring the frequency characteristics of the sealed earphone 1 of the present invention as a solid line, the frequency characteristics of the earphone when there is no communication pipe as a one-dot chain line, and when the rear housing 14 has an opening that leads to the external space.
  • the frequency characteristic is shown in contrast with a broken line.
  • the one-dot chain line graph it drops linearly from a point slightly higher than 1 kHz to around 7 kHz and is not flat as a whole, while the solid line graph is relatively flat and realizes satisfactory characteristics.
  • the characteristics of 1 kHz or less are considerably waved up and down, but the solid line graph is relatively flat.
  • the communication pipe 12 is installed through the partition wall 134 of the front housing 13, but a cutout is formed in a part of the outer periphery of the electroacoustic transducer 11, and the communication pipe 12 is installed at that position. May be.
  • FIG. 4 is a side sectional view of the second sealed earphone 2 at the center position in the depth direction when viewed from the side.
  • FIG. 3 is a rear view with the rear housing 14 removed.
  • a groove is formed in a part of the wall of the partition wall 134 of the front housing 13 at a position in contact with the electroacoustic transducer 11.
  • a narrow passage is formed by the wall forming the groove and the wall of the electroacoustic transducer 11. This is the communication pipe 17 that forms a tubular space that acoustically connects the front space F and the rear space A.
  • the groove is formed in the partition wall 134 of the front housing 13, but the groove may be formed in a part of the outer periphery of the electroacoustic transducer 11.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Headphones And Earphones (AREA)

Abstract

[Problem] To cut back external noise and make a sound from an earphone easy to catch when using a closed earphone, and to reduce sound leakage that causes discomfort to other people. [Solution] An ear tip is attached to a sound guide tube or a sound guide tube adapted to the shape of the cavity of the ear is used to increase airtightness. The internal and external spaces of an enclosure in which an electro-acoustic transducer is accommodated do not communicate acoustically, and the internal space of the enclosure is divided into a front space and a rear space by a partitioning wall and the electro-acoustic transducer, the front space and the rear space being communicated by a communicating tube that forms a relatively small tubular space.

Description

連通管付きイヤホンEarphone with communication pipe
本発明は、放音部を外耳道入口に挿入して用いる密閉イヤホンに関する。とくに遮音性能が高いことを特徴とする密閉イヤホンに関する。 The present invention relates to a sealed earphone that is used by inserting a sound emitting portion into an ear canal entrance. In particular, the present invention relates to a sealed earphone characterized by high sound insulation performance.
密閉イヤホンは、発音部分の背面が密閉されており、外耳道に挿入される部分であるイヤーパッドは、弾性を有する軟質プラスチックまたはゴム等により形成されており、外耳道の内面に隙間無く密着して、全体として耳栓構造をなしている。密閉イヤホンは、イヤーパッドを外耳道に挿入して装着することができるので、外耳の入り口に確実に装着して遮音することができる。また、イヤーパッドは柔軟性を有する材料により、外耳道の形状に合わせて容易に弾性変形させることができるので、良好な装着感を得ることもできる。 Sealed earphones have a sound generating part whose back is sealed, and the ear pad that is the part that is inserted into the ear canal is formed of elastic soft plastic or rubber, etc. As an earplug structure. Since the sealed earphone can be attached by inserting the ear pad into the ear canal, it can be reliably attached to the entrance of the outer ear to be sound-insulated. In addition, since the ear pad can be easily elastically deformed according to the shape of the ear canal by a material having flexibility, a good wearing feeling can be obtained.
最近ではカスタムＩＥＭ（ＩＮ ＥＡＲ ＭＯＮＩＴＯＲ）と言って耳型（インプレッション）を採取して、それをベースに使用者の耳穴の形状に合わせて音導管の外部形状を作成することにより、さらに密着度や装着感が良好なイヤホンとすることもできる。 Recently, the ear shape (impression) called custom IEM (INＲEAR 耳 MONITOR) is collected, and the external shape of the sound conduit is created based on the shape of the user's ear hole. An earphone with a good wearing feeling can also be obtained.
その結果、外耳道入口に挿入して用いる密閉イヤホンは、密閉性が良く、遮音性能が高くて外部の雑音が聞こえにくいので、高い音圧感度が得られ、騒音の大きい場所でも微弱な音を聴くことが可能である。また外耳道入口に挿入して使用できるので小型軽量化が容易という利点もある。 As a result, the sealed earphones that are inserted into the ear canal entrance have good sealing performance and high sound insulation performance, making it difficult to hear external noise. It is possible. In addition, since it can be used by being inserted into the ear canal entrance, there is an advantage that it is easy to reduce the size and weight.
しかし、従来の密閉イヤホンにおいては、発音部分を取り囲む筐体の一部に外部空間と連通する開口が存在しているものがほとんどであった。例えば、放音空間における音のコモリの発生を防止するために、ドライバーユニットの外周縁に設けたスリットによって、ヘッドホンの耳孔への装着時に密閉状態となるハウジング内の放音空間を外部と通じる背面空間に連通させるものがあった。（特許文献１） However, most of the conventional sealed earphones have an opening communicating with the external space in a part of the casing surrounding the sounding portion. For example, in order to prevent the occurrence of sound como in the sound emitting space, the rear surface that communicates with the sound emitting space in the housing that is sealed when the headphone is attached to the ear hole by a slit provided on the outer peripheral edge of the driver unit There was something that communicated with the space. (Patent Document 1)
これにより、音のコモリの発生を防止し、低音域での向上のみでなく高音域を含めた全域での周波数特性の向上を達成したと述べている。しかし、外部空間と通じる開口があり、そのために遮音性能が高いとは言えず、その場合囲の騒音により、イヤホンからの音が聞き取りにくい、あるいはイヤホンの使用者のそばに他人が近づくとシャカシャカという音が聞こえて迷惑をかけるという問題が有った。 As a result, it is said that the occurrence of sound comorbidity is prevented, and not only the improvement in the low frequency range but also the improvement of the frequency characteristics in the entire region including the high frequency range is achieved. However, there is an opening that communicates with the external space, so it can not be said that the sound insulation performance is high.In that case, it is difficult to hear the sound from the earphone due to the noise of the surroundings, or when someone else approaches the earphone user There was a problem of hearing sound and causing trouble.
その問題に対応するため、音漏れを無くするため外部空間と通じる開口を一切無くしたインナーイヤー型イヤホンの提案も有る。これは、ハウジング内部でドライバーユニットの振動版の前面と背面を音響的に結合してあり、ハウジング内部と外部空間と接続するような開口を有しないものである。（特許文献２） In order to deal with this problem, there is also a proposal of an inner ear type earphone that eliminates any opening that communicates with the external space in order to eliminate sound leakage. In this case, the front and back surfaces of the vibration plate of the driver unit are acoustically coupled inside the housing, and there is no opening that connects the inside of the housing and the external space. (Patent Document 2)
一般のインナーイヤー型イヤホンを密閉状態にすると、等価回路は図６（ａ）に示したようになり、図８のグラフに一点鎖線で示すように、周波数特性の低音領域は平坦で、高音域は急激に減少してしまい、高音のない低・中音だけになってしまう。そこで、この問題を解決するために特許文献２の技術では、電気音響変換器を装着したバイパスリングと（電気音響変換器の）ユニットケースの間に形成されるリング状のスリットを利用して音響通路を作り、振動板の前面と背面を音響的に結合された状態としている。 When a general inner-ear type earphone is hermetically sealed, the equivalent circuit is as shown in FIG. 6A, and the low frequency range of the frequency characteristic is flat and the high frequency range is as shown by the dashed line in the graph of FIG. It suddenly decreases, and it becomes only low and medium sounds without treble. Therefore, in order to solve this problem, the technique of Patent Document 2 uses a ring-shaped slit formed between a bypass ring on which an electroacoustic transducer is mounted and a unit case (of an electroacoustic transducer) for acoustics. A passage is created, and the front and back surfaces of the diaphragm are acoustically coupled.
このようにすることで、インナーイヤー型イヤホンの等価回路は図６（ｃ）に示したようになる。図６（ｃ）は、振動板の等価質量ｍｌ／スティフネスＳ０／音響抵抗ｒ１とボイスコイル駆動力Ｆ、耳孔の容積によるスティフネスＳｃ、イヤホンの背面のスティフネスＳ１よりなる直列共振回路を、等価質量ｍｐと等価抵抗ｒｐよりなる音響通路でバイパスしたものであることを示している。 By doing so, an equivalent circuit of the inner-ear type earphone is as shown in FIG. FIG. 6C shows a series resonance circuit comprising an equivalent mass ml of the diaphragm / stiffness S0 / acoustic resistance r1 and voice coil driving force F, stiffness Sc due to the volume of the ear canal, and stiffness S1 on the back surface of the earphone. These are bypassed by an acoustic path consisting of equivalent resistance rp.
ここで、スリットの厚みをｄ、幅をｂ、長さをｌとし、他の条件を一定とすると音響抵抗Ｒと等価質量ｍは以下の式で表せる。
　　　Ｒ＝ｋ１×ｌ／（ｂ×ｄ３）
　　　ｍ＝ｋ２×／ｄ２
　　　　　　ｋ１、ｋ２は定数である。
構造的にｂがｄに対して相対的に大きくならざるを得ないので、提案のスリットを音響通路とする方法であると、同じ値のＲとｍを得るためには厚みｄ、すなわちバイパスリングとユニットケースの間に形成される間隙を極めて小さくする必要があるが、これは部材の製作精度からみて限界があると考えられる。 Here, assuming that the thickness of the slit is d, the width is b, the length is l, and other conditions are constant, the acoustic resistance R and the equivalent mass m can be expressed by the following equations.
R = k1 × l / (b × d 3 )
m = k2 × / d 2
k1 and k2 are constants.
Structurally, b must be relatively large with respect to d. Therefore, in the proposed method using the slit as an acoustic path, in order to obtain the same values of R and m, the thickness d, that is, the bypass ring It is necessary to make the gap formed between the unit case and the unit case extremely small, but this is considered to be limited in view of the manufacturing accuracy of the members.
さらに、この提案ではバイパスリングとユニットケースの間にスリットを得るために、複数の板体とリングなど複雑な形状を持った部材を組み合わせており、組立も難しいと考えられ、コスト面の問題がある。 Furthermore, in this proposal, in order to obtain a slit between the bypass ring and the unit case, a plurality of plate members and a member having a complicated shape such as a ring are combined. is there.
また、さらに、構造的にｂがｄに対して相対的に大きくならざるを得ないので、Ｒをｍに対して小さくしにくい。すなわち、Ｒがｍに対して相対的に大きいと、バイパスの音響通路のインピーダンスが低域と高域での差があまりないので、周波数特性を調整する手段とすることが難しいという問題が有る。 Furthermore, since b must be structurally relatively large with respect to d, it is difficult to reduce R with respect to m. In other words, when R is relatively large with respect to m, there is not much difference between the low-pass and high-pass impedances of the bypass acoustic path, which makes it difficult to adjust the frequency characteristics.
特許公開２００５－１９１６６３号Patent Publication 2005-191663 特許公開平１－１０１７９５号Japanese Patent Publication No. 1-101895
音漏れを無くするため外部空間と通じる開口を一切無くしたインナーイヤー型イヤホンにおいては、周波数特性の低音領域は平坦で、高音域は急激に減少してしまい、高音のない低・中音だけになってしまう。低・中音を維持した状態で高音領域を減少させない密閉型インナーイヤー型イヤホンを提供することが課題である。 In the earbud earphones that have no openings that communicate with the external space in order to eliminate sound leakage, the low frequency range of the frequency characteristics is flat and the high frequency range decreases sharply, resulting in only low and medium sounds without high frequencies. End up. It is an object to provide a sealed inner-ear earphone that does not reduce the high-frequency range while maintaining low and medium sounds.
本発明は、上記課題に鑑みなされたもので、イヤーパッドを外耳道入口に挿入して用いる密閉イヤホンにおいて、電気音響変換器を収納しているハウジングの内部の空間と外部の空間は音響的に連通しておらず、該筐体の内部の空間は、区画壁ならびに該電気音響変換器によってフロントスペースとリヤスペースに分離されており、
該フロントスペースと該リヤスペースが１つの比較的小さな管状スペースによってのみ連通していることを特徴とする密閉イヤホンである。
  The present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and in a sealed earphone that is used by inserting an earpad into an ear canal entrance, the internal space of the housing that houses the electroacoustic transducer and the external space communicate acoustically. The space inside the housing is separated into a front space and a rear space by the partition wall and the electroacoustic transducer,
The sealed earphone is characterized in that the front space and the rear space communicate with each other only by one relatively small tubular space.
イヤーパッドは内耳の内面に隙間なく接触し、イヤーパッド先端から放出される音は外部の空間に出て行かない。また、電気音響変換器を収納しているハウジングには外部空間への開口が無いので基本的に音は外部の空間に出て行かない。結果として音漏れが少ない密閉イヤホンを実現した。
  The ear pad contacts the inner surface of the inner ear without any gap, and the sound emitted from the tip of the ear pad does not go out to the outside space. Also, since the housing that houses the electroacoustic transducer has no opening to the external space, basically no sound goes out to the external space. As a result, a sealed earphone with little sound leakage was realized.
密閉イヤホンの外形見取り図Outline drawing of sealed earphone 密閉イヤホンの側面断面図Side cross-sectional view of sealed earphone 密閉イヤホンの背面図Rear view of sealed earphone 第２の密閉イヤホンの側面断面図Side sectional view of second sealed earphone 第２の密閉イヤホンの背面図Rear view of second sealed earphone イヤホンの音響等価回路Earphone acoustic equivalent circuit 音漏れ特性Sound leakage characteristics 密閉イヤホンの音圧－周波数特性Sound pressure-frequency characteristics of sealed earphones
以下、本発明による密閉イヤホンについて実施例をあげて説明する。
  Examples of the sealed earphone according to the present invention will be described below.
図１は、本発明による密閉イヤホン１の外形見取り図である。図２は、側面から見て奥行方向の中央の位置における密閉イヤホン１の側面断面図である。図３は、後部ハウジング１４を取り除いた状態の背面図である。密閉イヤホン１の主要部は、電気音響変換器１１、前部ハウジング１３、後部ハウジング１４、イヤーパッド１５で構成されている。（前部ハウジング１３、後部ハウジング１４を併せてハウジングという） FIG. 1 is an outline sketch of a sealed earphone 1 according to the present invention. FIG. 2 is a side sectional view of the sealed earphone 1 at the center position in the depth direction when viewed from the side. FIG. 3 is a rear view with the rear housing 14 removed. The main part of the sealed earphone 1 includes an electroacoustic transducer 11, a front housing 13, a rear housing 14, and an ear pad 15. (The front housing 13 and the rear housing 14 are collectively referred to as a housing)
前部ハウジング１３の内部に電気音響変換器１１が収納されている。図３に示すように、電気音響変換器１１は前部ハウジング１３の内側に形成された区画壁１３４に隙間なく嵌り込んでいる。したがって、前部ハウジング１３と後部ハウジング１４の間には、のちに述べる連通管による以外に音響の通路は無い。前部ハウジング１３の前方（図で左方向）は導音管１３１をなしており、その先端部には柔軟で伸縮性のある材料で作られているイヤーパッド１５が嵌め込まれている。図２に示すように、前部ハウジング１３の後部と後部ハウジング１４の前部が嵌合して、両ハウジングの内外面はスムーズにつながっていて、接続部分は密閉されている。 An electroacoustic transducer 11 is housed inside the front housing 13. As shown in FIG. 3, the electroacoustic transducer 11 is fitted into a partition wall 134 formed inside the front housing 13 without a gap. Therefore, there is no acoustic path between the front housing 13 and the rear housing 14 other than by a communication pipe described later. A sound guide tube 131 is formed in front of the front housing 13 (left direction in the figure), and an ear pad 15 made of a flexible and stretchable material is fitted into the distal end portion thereof. As shown in FIG. 2, the rear part of the front housing 13 and the front part of the rear housing 14 are fitted, the inner and outer surfaces of both housings are smoothly connected, and the connection part is sealed.
イヤーパッド１５は、正面方向（図で左側）から見たとき、断面が円形であり、いずれの使用者でも使えるものである。しかし、特定の使用者個人の耳穴の型をとって、耳穴に挿入する音導管をそれに合わせた外部形状としたカスタムＩＥＭによるものであっても良い。 The ear pad 15 has a circular cross section when viewed from the front direction (left side in the figure) and can be used by any user. However, it may be a custom IEM that takes the shape of a specific user's individual ear hole and has a sound conduit inserted into the ear hole with an external shape corresponding thereto.
前部ハウジング１３の導音管１３１と電気音響変換器１１の間の位置には、螺旋管１３０が収納されている。螺旋管１３２は、発明者の別の発明であるところの、音波の経路を２つに分けて、その２つの経路の長さの差を、外耳孔の閉空間共振を発生する周波数の波長の半分の長さに等しくするための部材である。 A spiral tube 130 is accommodated at a position between the sound guide tube 131 and the electroacoustic transducer 11 in the front housing 13. The spiral tube 132, which is another invention of the inventor, divides the sound wave path into two, and the difference between the lengths of the two paths is determined by the wavelength of the frequency that generates the closed spatial resonance of the ear canal. It is a member for equalizing half the length.
後部ハウジング１４の後端部の下側には、ワイヤー通過部材１６が嵌め込まれている。ワイヤー通過部材１６は電気信号を電気音響変換器１１に送るためのワイヤーを通すためのワイヤー通路１６１が形成してある。図２ではワイヤーの図は省略してある。ワイヤー通路１６１とワイヤーの間の隙間は、適当な封止剤で封止されてハウジング内部と外部の空間が音響的に接続されないようにしてある。 A wire passage member 16 is fitted below the rear end of the rear housing 14. The wire passage member 16 is formed with a wire passage 161 for passing a wire for sending an electric signal to the electroacoustic transducer 11. In FIG. 2, the illustration of the wire is omitted. The gap between the wire passage 161 and the wire is sealed with an appropriate sealant so that the interior and exterior spaces of the housing are not acoustically connected.
図２および図３に示したように、区画壁１３４の一部を四角形にくり抜いて、くり抜いた跡に隙間なく嵌る直方体であるホルダー１２４を嵌め込んである。ホルダー１２４には予め細いパイプを貫通してある。このパイプは、すなわち管状スペースをなす連通管１２である。細いパイプは、小さい部材であるので組み立てるとき、取扱いが面倒であるが、予めホルダー１２４に取り付けておけば取り扱いが容易である。 As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, a part of the partition wall 134 is hollowed out into a quadrangle, and a holder 124 that is a rectangular parallelepiped that fits in the hollowed-out trace without any gap is fitted. A thin pipe is passed through the holder 124 in advance. This pipe is a communication pipe 12 that forms a tubular space. Since the thin pipe is a small member, handling is troublesome when assembling, but if it is attached to the holder 124 in advance, it is easy to handle.
電気音響変換器１１の枠材の一部はダクト１１２を形成している。ダクト１１２の一方（図で左側）は底になっており閉じられている。当該の底の一部には細い孔１１３が空いており、振動版１１１の背面側の空間まで貫通している。 Part of the frame material of the electroacoustic transducer 11 forms a duct 112. One of the ducts 112 (left side in the figure) is a bottom and is closed. A thin hole 113 is formed in a part of the bottom, and penetrates to the space on the back side of the vibration plate 111.
また、電気音響変換器１１の枠材、ヨーク、磁石、磁極片のそれぞれの中心部には、それぞれ孔１１４、孔１１５、孔１１６、孔１１７が空いている。それぞれの孔の位置は重なっており、振動版１１１の背面側中央部の空間まで貫通している。 In addition, a hole 114, a hole 115, a hole 116, and a hole 117 are formed in the center of each of the frame material, yoke, magnet, and pole piece of the electroacoustic transducer 11, respectively. The positions of the respective holes are overlapped and penetrate to the space at the center of the back side of the vibration plate 111.
このような構造である密閉イヤホン１においては、電気音響変換器１１の振動版１１１の表側（図で右側）で発生した音波は螺旋管１３２が形成する２つの経路を通過して音響通路１３３を経由して外耳孔に達する。このとき、振動版１１１の前面側のフロントスペースＦと背面側のリヤスペースＲが、連通管１２によって音響的に接続されている。音波が外部の空間に出て行くような開口部は全くない。 In the sealed earphone 1 having such a structure, a sound wave generated on the front side (right side in the drawing) of the vibration plate 111 of the electroacoustic transducer 11 passes through two paths formed by the spiral tube 132 and passes through the acoustic path 133. Via to reach the ear canal. At this time, the front space F on the front side of the vibration plate 111 and the rear space R on the back side are acoustically connected by the communication pipe 12. There is no opening where sound waves go out to the outside space.
図７は、上に述べた密閉イヤホン１の音漏れ特性を評価した結果を示す。これは、イヤーパッド１５をダミーの外耳孔に挿入して、密閉イヤホン１の発音方向（イヤーパッドが有る側）と反対の位置にマイクロホンを置いて、密閉イヤホン１を動作させて測定したものである。 FIG. 7 shows the result of evaluating the sound leakage characteristics of the sealed earphone 1 described above. This is measured by inserting the ear pad 15 into a dummy outer ear hole, placing the microphone in a position opposite to the sound generation direction of the sealed earphone 1 (the side having the ear pad), and operating the sealed earphone 1.
後部ハウジング１４に外部の空間に通じる開口部が有る場合と、本発明である開口部が無い場合とを比較すると、２ｋＨｚから８ｋＨｚの間では８ｄＢ以上、５ｋＨｚでは最大１７．４ｄＢの音漏れの減少が実現できている。 Comparing the case where the rear housing 14 has an opening leading to the external space and the case where there is no opening according to the present invention, the reduction in sound leakage is 8 dB or more between 2 kHz and 8 kHz and a maximum of 17.4 dB at 5 kHz. Has been realized.
音響等価回路は図６（ｃ）で表される。これは、振動版１１１の前面側のフロントスペースＦと背面側のリヤスペースＲが、音響空間ｍｐと音響抵抗ｒｐで表される連通管１２によってバイパスされていることを示している。連通管１２は細いパイプ状であり、内径は自由に変えることができるので、音響空間ｍｐと音響抵抗ｒｐを所望の値に調整することが容易である。 The acoustic equivalent circuit is shown in FIG. This indicates that the front space F on the front side and the rear space R on the rear side of the vibration plate 111 are bypassed by the communication pipe 12 represented by the acoustic space mp and the acoustic resistance rp. Since the communication pipe 12 is a thin pipe and the inner diameter can be freely changed, it is easy to adjust the acoustic space mp and the acoustic resistance rp to desired values.
図８は本発明の密閉イヤホン１の周波数特性を測定した結果を実線で、連通管の無い場合のイヤホンの周波数特性を一点鎖線で、後部ハウジング１４に外部の空間に通じる開口部が有る場合の周波数特性を破線で、対比して示してある。一点鎖線のグラフでは１ｋＨｚよりやや高い点から７ｋＨｚ付近まで直線状に低下していて、全体として平坦でなく、一方、実線のグラフは比較的に平坦であり満足すべき特性を実現している 。また、さらに破線のグラフでは１ｋＨｚ以下の特性がかなり上下に波打っているが、実線のグラフは比較的に平坦である。 FIG. 8 shows the result of measuring the frequency characteristics of the sealed earphone 1 of the present invention as a solid line, the frequency characteristics of the earphone when there is no communication pipe as a one-dot chain line, and when the rear housing 14 has an opening that leads to the external space. The frequency characteristic is shown in contrast with a broken line. In the one-dot chain line graph, it drops linearly from a point slightly higher than 1 kHz to around 7 kHz and is not flat as a whole, while the solid line graph is relatively flat and realizes satisfactory characteristics. Further, in the broken line graph, the characteristics of 1 kHz or less are considerably waved up and down, but the solid line graph is relatively flat.
説明では、連通管１２を前部ハウジング１３の区画壁１３４を貫通して設置したが、電気音響変換器１１の外周の一部に切欠きを形成して、その位置に連通管１２を設置してもよい。
  In the description, the communication pipe 12 is installed through the partition wall 134 of the front housing 13, but a cutout is formed in a part of the outer periphery of the electroacoustic transducer 11, and the communication pipe 12 is installed at that position. May be.
図４は、側面から見て奥行方向の中央の位置における第２の密閉イヤホン２の側面断面図である。図３は、後部ハウジング１４を取り除いた状態の背面図である。 FIG. 4 is a side sectional view of the second sealed earphone 2 at the center position in the depth direction when viewed from the side. FIG. 3 is a rear view with the rear housing 14 removed.
図４ならびに図５に示したように、前部ハウジング１３の区画壁１３４の電気音響変換器１１と接する位置の壁の一部に溝が形成されている。この溝をなす壁と電気音響変換器１１の壁によって細い通路が形成されている。これがフロントスペースＦとリヤスペースＡを音響的につなぐ管状スペースをなす連通管１７である。 As shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, a groove is formed in a part of the wall of the partition wall 134 of the front housing 13 at a position in contact with the electroacoustic transducer 11. A narrow passage is formed by the wall forming the groove and the wall of the electroacoustic transducer 11. This is the communication pipe 17 that forms a tubular space that acoustically connects the front space F and the rear space A.
これ以外の構成と作用は実施例１と同じであり、同様の効果を得ることができる。この例では、溝を前部ハウジング１３の区画壁１３４の形成したが、電気音響変換器１１の外周の一部に溝を形成してもよい。 Other configurations and operations are the same as those in the first embodiment, and the same effects can be obtained. In this example, the groove is formed in the partition wall 134 of the front housing 13, but the groove may be formed in a part of the outer periphery of the electroacoustic transducer 11.
以上に説明したとおり、音漏れが少なく、音質的にも満足できる密閉イヤホンを簡易な構造で実現した。
  As described above, a sealed earphone that has low sound leakage and satisfactory sound quality has been realized with a simple structure.
１　　　密閉イヤホン
１１　　電気音響変換器
１１１　振動版
１１２　ダクト
１１３　孔
１１４　孔
１１５　孔
１１６　孔
１１７　孔
１２　　連通管
１２４　ホルダー
１３　　前部ハウジング
１３１　導音管
１３２　螺旋管
１３３　音響通路
１３４　区画壁
１４　　後部ハウジング
１５　　イヤーパッド
１６　　ワイヤー通過部材
１６１　ワイヤー通路
１７　　連通管
２　　　密閉イヤホン
Ｆ　　　フロントスペース
Ｒ　　　リヤスペース DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Sealed earphone 11 Electroacoustic transducer 111 Vibration plate 112 Duct 113 Hole 114 Hole 115 Hole 116 Hole 117 Hole 12 Communication pipe 124 Holder 13 Front housing 131 Sound guide pipe 132 Spiral pipe 133 Acoustic path 134 Partition wall 14 Rear housing 15 Ear pad 16 Wire passing member 161 Wire passage 17 Communication pipe 2 Sealed earphone F Front space R Rear space

Claims (3)

  1. イヤーパッドを外耳道入口に挿入して用いる密閉イヤホンにおいて、
    電気音響変換器を収納しているハウジングの内部の空間と外部の空間は音響的に連通しておらず、
    該ハウジングの内部の空間は、区画壁ならびに該電気音響変換器によってフロントスペースとリヤスペースに分離されており、
    該フロントスペースと該リヤスペースが、両スペース間を貫通するパイプにより構成される１つの管状スペースのみによって連通していることを特徴とする密閉イヤホン。
          In a sealed earphone used by inserting an earpad into the ear canal entrance,
    The internal space of the housing that houses the electroacoustic transducer and the external space are not in acoustic communication,
    The space inside the housing is separated into a front space and a rear space by the partition wall and the electroacoustic transducer,
    The sealed earphone, wherein the front space and the rear space communicate with each other by only one tubular space constituted by a pipe penetrating between the two spaces.
  2. イヤーパッドを外耳道入口に挿入して用いる密閉イヤホンにおいて、
    電気音響変換器を収納しているハウジングの内部の空間と外部の空間は音響的に連通しておらず、
    該ハウジングの内部の空間は、区画壁ならびに該電気音響変換器によってフロントスペースとリヤスペースに分離されており、
    該フロントスペースと該リヤスペースが、両スペース間の区画壁または電気音響変換器の外周の壁の一部に溝を形成し、該区画壁と該電気音響変換器の外周をなす壁との間に形成された孔により構成される１つの管状スペースのみによって連通していることを特徴とする密閉イヤホン。
          In a sealed earphone used by inserting an earpad into the ear canal entrance,
    The internal space of the housing that houses the electroacoustic transducer and the external space are not in acoustic communication,
    The space inside the housing is separated into a front space and a rear space by the partition wall and the electroacoustic transducer,
    The front space and the rear space form a groove in a part of the partition wall between the two spaces or the outer peripheral wall of the electroacoustic transducer, and between the partition wall and the wall forming the outer periphery of the electroacoustic transducer. A sealed earphone characterized in that it is communicated by only one tubular space constituted by holes formed in the.
  3. 請求項１または請求項２に記載の密閉イヤホンであって、
    イヤーパッドを無くして耳穴に挿入する音導管の外部形状を使用者個人の耳穴の形に合わせたものであることを特徴とする密閉イヤホン。
          The sealed earphone according to claim 1 or 2,
    A sealed earphone characterized in that the external shape of the sound conduit inserted into the ear hole without the ear pad is adapted to the shape of the individual user's ear hole.
PCT/JP2015/005778 2015-04-12 2015-11-18 Earphone with communicating tube WO2016166785A1 (en)

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Cited By (2)

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US20160119703A1 (en) * 2014-10-23 2016-04-28 Sennheiser Electronic Gmbh & Co. Kg Electroacoustic Sound Transducer, and Earphone
WO2020082767A1 (en) * 2018-10-26 2020-04-30 歌尔股份有限公司 Earbud

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JP6866808B2 (en) * 2017-09-06 2021-04-28 株式会社Ｊｖｃケンウッド earphone

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JP2006287674A (en) * 2005-04-01 2006-10-19 Victor Co Of Japan Ltd Bass reflex headphone

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JP2006287674A (en) * 2005-04-01 2006-10-19 Victor Co Of Japan Ltd Bass reflex headphone

Cited By (4)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20160119703A1 (en) * 2014-10-23 2016-04-28 Sennheiser Electronic Gmbh & Co. Kg Electroacoustic Sound Transducer, and Earphone
US10165353B2 (en) * 2014-10-23 2018-12-25 Sennheiser Electronic Gmbh & Co. Kg Electroacoustic sound transducer, and earphone
WO2020082767A1 (en) * 2018-10-26 2020-04-30 歌尔股份有限公司 Earbud
US10986440B2 (en) 2018-10-26 2021-04-20 Goertek Inc. Earbud

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