WO2016166468A1 - Installation et procédé de production d'hélium liquide - Google Patents
Installation et procédé de production d'hélium liquide Download PDFInfo
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- WO2016166468A1 WO2016166468A1 PCT/FR2016/050846 FR2016050846W WO2016166468A1 WO 2016166468 A1 WO2016166468 A1 WO 2016166468A1 FR 2016050846 W FR2016050846 W FR 2016050846W WO 2016166468 A1 WO2016166468 A1 WO 2016166468A1
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- helium
- nitrogen
- liquefier
- circuit
- purifier
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
- F25J3/06—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by partial condensation
- F25J3/063—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by partial condensation characterised by the separated product stream
- F25J3/0685—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by partial condensation characterised by the separated product stream separation of noble gases
- F25J3/069—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by partial condensation characterised by the separated product stream separation of noble gases of helium
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
- F25J1/0002—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the fluid to be liquefied
- F25J1/0005—Light or noble gases
- F25J1/0007—Helium
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
- F25J1/003—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production
- F25J1/0032—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production using the feed stream itself or separated fractions from it, i.e. "internal refrigeration"
- F25J1/0035—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production using the feed stream itself or separated fractions from it, i.e. "internal refrigeration" by gas expansion with extraction of work
- F25J1/0037—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production using the feed stream itself or separated fractions from it, i.e. "internal refrigeration" by gas expansion with extraction of work of a return stream
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
- F25J1/02—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process
- F25J1/0221—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process using the cold stored in an external cryogenic component in an open refrigeration loop
- F25J1/0224—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process using the cold stored in an external cryogenic component in an open refrigeration loop in combination with an internal quasi-closed refrigeration loop
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
- F25J1/02—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process
- F25J1/0228—Coupling of the liquefaction unit to other units or processes, so-called integrated processes
- F25J1/0235—Heat exchange integration
- F25J1/0237—Heat exchange integration integrating refrigeration provided for liquefaction and purification/treatment of the gas to be liquefied, e.g. heavy hydrocarbon removal from natural gas
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
- F25J1/02—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process
- F25J1/0243—Start-up or control of the process; Details of the apparatus used; Details of the refrigerant compression system used
- F25J1/0257—Construction and layout of liquefaction equipments, e.g. valves, machines
- F25J1/0259—Modularity and arrangement of parts of the liquefaction unit and in particular of the cold box, e.g. pre-fabrication, assembling and erection, dimensions, horizontal layout "plot"
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
- F25J3/06—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by partial condensation
- F25J3/063—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by partial condensation characterised by the separated product stream
- F25J3/066—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by partial condensation characterised by the separated product stream separation of nitrogen
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J2205/00—Processes or apparatus using other separation and/or other processing means
- F25J2205/40—Processes or apparatus using other separation and/or other processing means using hybrid system, i.e. combining cryogenic and non-cryogenic separation techniques
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J2205/00—Processes or apparatus using other separation and/or other processing means
- F25J2205/60—Processes or apparatus using other separation and/or other processing means using adsorption on solid adsorbents, e.g. by temperature-swing adsorption [TSA] at the hot or cold end
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J2210/00—Processes characterised by the type or other details of the feed stream
- F25J2210/42—Nitrogen
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J2215/00—Processes characterised by the type or other details of the product stream
- F25J2215/04—Recovery of liquid products
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J2220/00—Processes or apparatus involving steps for the removal of impurities
- F25J2220/02—Separating impurities in general from the feed stream
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J2240/00—Processes or apparatus involving steps for expanding of process streams
- F25J2240/02—Expansion of a process fluid in a work-extracting turbine (i.e. isentropic expansion), e.g. of the feed stream
- F25J2240/12—Expansion of a process fluid in a work-extracting turbine (i.e. isentropic expansion), e.g. of the feed stream the fluid being nitrogen
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J2260/00—Coupling of processes or apparatus to other units; Integrated schemes
- F25J2260/20—Integration in an installation for liquefying or solidifying a fluid stream
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J2270/00—Refrigeration techniques used
- F25J2270/04—Internal refrigeration with work-producing gas expansion loop
- F25J2270/06—Internal refrigeration with work-producing gas expansion loop with multiple gas expansion loops
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J2270/00—Refrigeration techniques used
- F25J2270/14—External refrigeration with work-producing gas expansion loop
- F25J2270/16—External refrigeration with work-producing gas expansion loop with mutliple gas expansion loops of the same refrigerant
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J2270/00—Refrigeration techniques used
- F25J2270/90—External refrigeration, e.g. conventional closed-loop mechanical refrigeration unit using Freon or NH3, unspecified external refrigeration
- F25J2270/904—External refrigeration, e.g. conventional closed-loop mechanical refrigeration unit using Freon or NH3, unspecified external refrigeration by liquid or gaseous cryogen in an open loop
Definitions
- the present invention relates to an installation and a method for producing helium.
- the invention relates to the purification and liquefaction of helium.
- the invention relates more particularly to an installation for producing liquid helium from a source gas mixture essentially comprising nitrogen and helium, the installation comprising a cryogenic purifier comprising a separation circuit of the the mixture of source gas to produce helium at a temperature below the temperature of the source gas, the apparatus further comprising a helium liquefier subjecting the helium to a work cycle comprising in series: a compression of helium, cooling and expansion of the compressed helium and heating of the cooled and expanded helium, the installation comprising a helium transfer line connecting an outlet of the scrubber to an inlet of the liquefier to transfer of helium produced by the scrubber in the working cycle of the liquefier.
- the invention relates in particular to the production of liquid helium in installations generating a mixture of helium and nitrogen and possibly other residues.
- This source gas consisting substantially equal parts of nitrogen and helium may in particular be available in a natural gas production plant.
- nitrogen which has been separated from natural gas upstream, is generally available.
- Liquid nitrogen can be used in helium liquefaction units. This makes it possible to reduce the size of the helium working cycle since, in this case, the helium of the liquefaction cycle can be cooled only between about 80 K and 4 K (rather than from the ambient temperature to 4 K). Nevertheless, this solution requires adding an additional exchanger in the installation and a pot for vaporizing the liquid nitrogen in a vacuum box to recover the cold liquid nitrogen.
- the vacuum cooler box of the liquefier also typically includes adsorbers to purify helium from traces of air gas to prevent these freeze in the downstream part of the process. These can size the vacuum box.
- An object of the present invention is to overcome all or part of the disadvantages of the prior art noted above.
- the installation according to the invention is essentially characterized in that the cryogenic purifier comprises an expansion circuit comprising an input intended to be connected to a source of nitrogen gas under pressure, said expansion circuit of the nitrogen gas being in heat exchange with the separation circuit for transferring frigories of nitrogen gas expanded to said separation circuit.
- embodiments of the invention may include one or more of the following features:
- the separation circuit of the purifier comprises at least one heat exchanger in heat exchange with the mixture of source gas for the purpose of cooling it and at least one separator pot, the circuit (8) for expanding the nitrogen gas under pressure is in heat exchange with the at least one heat exchanger of the separation circuit,
- the circuit (8) for expanding the nitrogen gas under pressure comprises at least two nitrogen gas expansion turbines and two distinct portions in heat exchange with the at least one heat exchanger of the separation circuit, the two portions each of them being situated downstream of the two expansion turbines,
- the separation circuit comprises at least one adsorption-type purification device for separating the nitrogen from the mixture,
- the helium liquefier comprises a compression station intended to ensure the compression of helium in the working cycle and a cold box intended to ensure cooling and expansion of the compressed helium in the working cycle, the device cooling the cycle helium from the compressor station being integrated in the cryogenic scrubber into a thermally insulated common crankcase, the cold box of the liquefier is located in a separate thermally insulated casing and comprising a vacuum insulation, at least a part of the compression station is integrated in the cryogenic purifier (3) in a thermally insulated common casing and distinct from the casing integrating the cold box of the liquefier,
- the helium liquefier cold box contains four helium gas expansion turbines in the working cycle and the compressor station contains a stage of compressors of the working gas in the working cycle,
- the invention also relates to a process for producing liquid helium from a source gas mixture comprising essentially nitrogen and helium by means of an installation according to any one of the above characteristics. or hereinafter, wherein the source gas mixture comprising nitrogen and helium in molar concentrations between 50 and 65% respectively (for example between 55 and 60% and especially 57%)% and 35 and 50% (For example between 40 and 45%, in particular 42%), the source gas mixture possibly comprising, in a residual manner, at least one of the elements below: argon, oxygen, neon in proportions of, for example, between 0.15% and 0.5%, in particular 0.22%, this source gas mixture having a pressure of between 15 and 35 bar and a temperature of between 273 and 323K and for example 300K.
- the source gas mixture comprising nitrogen and helium in molar concentrations between 50 and 65% respectively (for example between 55 and 60% and especially 57%)% and 35 and 50% (For example between 40 and 45%, in particular 42%)
- the source gas mixture possibly comprising, in
- the entry of nitrogen gas from the purifier is supplied with nitrogen gas under pressure at a pressure of between 15 and 50 bar, for example 40 bar and a temperature of between 273 and 323 K.
- the helium produced by the purifier at its outlet at a pressure of between 15 and 35 bar and a temperature for example between 77 and 90 K and for example 80 to 85 K, especially 82 K,
- the helium liquefier is configured to cool the helium in the working cycle only from the value of the temperature at the outlet of the purifier to the temperature of 4K.
- the invention may also relate to any alternative device or method comprising any combination of the above or below features.
- FIG. 1 represents a schematic and partial figure illustrating the structure and the operation of the installation according to the invention
- the liquid helium production installation 1 shown schematically in FIG. 1 comprises a cryogenic purifier 2 ("Cryogenics upgrader").
- This purifier 2 is fed with a mixture of source gas 5 (helium and nitrogen) to produce, after purification (cryogenic separation), pure or quasi-pure helium, that is to say of helium capable of feeding a helium liquefier 3.
- nitrogen and helium are present in this source gas mixture in molar concentrations between 50 and 65% respectively (for example between 55 and 60% and especially 57%) and 35 and 50% (for example between 40 and 45% in particular 42%).
- the source gas mixture optionally optionally comprises at least one of the elements below (argon, oxygen, neon) in proportions of, for example, between 0.15% and 0.5% (in particular 0.22%).
- This source gas mixture may have a pressure of between 15 and 35 bar and a temperature of between 273 and 323K and for example 300K.
- the scrubber 2 conventionally comprises a circuit 9 for separating the nitrogen from the source gas mixture in order to produce helium at a temperature below the temperature of the source gas.
- the separation circuit 9 conventionally comprises cooling steps (in particular by heat exchange with a cooling exchanger 10) and one or more passages in a pot 1 1, 12 separator, a trigger (valve 20).
- the mixture may undergo one or more adsorption purification steps (by one or more pressure swing adsorption type device "PSA”) to purify the mixture of its nitrogen.
- PSA pressure swing adsorption type device
- the separation circuit 9 of the purifier 2 may comprise at least one heat exchanger 10 in heat exchange with the source gas mixture for the purpose of cooling it and two pots 11, 12 separators.
- the recovered nitrogen, in particular the liquefied nitrogen obtained can be recovered in a recovery storage (not shown in the figures).
- the circuit 8 for expanding the nitrogen gas under pressure may be in heat exchange with the at least one heat exchanger 10 of the separation circuit 9.
- the purifier may in particular be devoid of distillation column.
- the installation 1 further comprises a helium liquefier 3 which conventionally submits helium to a work cycle comprising in series: a compression of the helium (in a compression station), a cooling and a relaxation of the compressed helium (in a cold box) and a warming of the helium cooled and expanded for its return to the compressor station to start a cycle again.
- the installation 1 comprises a helium transfer line 4 connecting an outlet of the purifier 2 to an inlet of the liquefier 3.
- This transfer line 4 is designed to transfer helium produced by the purifier 2 into the cycle. working of the liquefier 3.
- the cryogenic scrubber 2 comprises a nitrogen gas inlet intended to be connected to a source 6 of nitrogen gas under pressure available at the facility.
- the purifier 2 comprises for this purpose a circuit 8 for expansion 7 of nitrogen gas under pressure.
- This expansion circuit 8 is in heat exchange with the separation circuit 9 to allow the transfer of frigories of nitrogen gas expanded to said separation circuit 9. That is, energy from the nitrogen gas is transferred into the process of purifying and cooling the source mixture.
- the expansion circuit 7 of the nitrogen gas under pressure can be in heat exchange with the heat exchanger of the separation circuit 9, to provide frigories used in the cryogenic separation of the nitrogen of the source mixture. .
- the expansion circuit 7 of the nitrogen gas under pressure may comprise one or preferably at least two turbines 13 for expanding the nitrogen gas and two distinct portions in heat exchange with the heat exchanger 10 of the separation circuit 9. .
- the two distinct portions in heat exchange with the exchanger 10 are located for example respectively downstream of the two turbines 13 for expansion of the nitrogen.
- This gaseous nitrogen under pressure is for example available at a pressure of 15 and 50 bar (for example 40 bar) and a temperature of between 273 and 323K.
- the helium produced by the purifier 3 at its outlet has a pressure for example between 15 and 35 bar and a temperature for example between 77 and 90 K and for example 80 to 85K. (82K typically).
- the helium produced by the purifier 2 is returned cold directly into the working cycle of the liquefier 3. This reduces the cooling capacity of the liquefier 3 since it does not need to cool the helium qu between 80K (helium temperature supplied by the scrubber 2) and 4K (the low target liquefaction temperature).
- this helium had to be cooled from ambient temperature (about 300K) to 4K.
- the invention makes it possible to reduce the size and the power of the liquefier 3 of the installation 1.
- the liquefier 3 can operate in so-called “refrigerator” mode in the part of the cycle between 300K and 80K (that is to say that in this part of the work cycle there is as much helium that is cooled / relaxed at the output of the compressor station only helium which is heated and returns to the compressor station).
- the liquefier can operate in "liquefier” mode (that is to say that there is more helium which is in the relaxation / cooling phase than in the reheating and recovery phase to the compressor station).
- this solution makes it possible to "transfer" refrigeration power from 300K to 80K from the liquefier 3 compression station to the nitrogen compressor of the purifier 2.
- Nitrogen compression in particular by centrifugal compressor (s) is much more energy efficient than helium compression (especially by screw compressor (s) oiled).
- the efficiency of the engine of a compressor Nitrogen (which is much more powerful) will be better than that of a screw compressor. Indeed, the efficiency of a compressor motor increases with its size.
- Another optimization of the liquefier 3 may make it possible to suppress the return of helium at intermediate pressure in the operating cycle of the liquefier 3. This may allow the liquefier 3 to operate with a single cycle compressor which will work for example between 1 bar and 15 lbs. bar. This cycle compressor 19 may also consist of only one oiled screw.
- the adsorbers 15 of the purifier 2 (for example at a temperature of 80.degree.
- K can be integrated in a thermally insulated cold box (conventionally via perlite, the insulation of the box will be carried out preferably with rock wool in practice in order to preserve the possibility to intervene for the maintenance). This reduces the size of the cold box under vacuum.
- the regeneration of these adsorbers can be carried out with the gas at the outlet of the PSA or at room temperature.
- the (re) cooling of the purification bottle containing the adsorber after the regeneration may be made by the helium at the outlet (or inlet) of said bottle in line.
- a portion of liquid nitrogen 21 produced can be withdrawn from the installation 1. This liquid nitrogen can be consumed for other needs in the plant (trucks ... etc.).
- FIG. 3 an embodiment variant that differs from that of FIG. 2 only in that the initial cooling of the cycle helium from the compression station 16 of the liquefier 3 is integrated with the cryogenic scrubber 2 into a common housing thermally insulated while the cold box 17 of the liquefier 3 is located in a separate housing thermally insulated and comprising a vacuum insulation.
- the cold box containing all equipment can be isolated with perlite while the cold box containing the cryogenic adsorbers can be insulated with rockwool.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Separation By Low-Temperature Treatments (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| AU2016250109A AU2016250109B2 (en) | 2015-04-17 | 2016-04-13 | Facility and method for producing liquid helium |
| US15/567,152 US10753682B2 (en) | 2015-04-17 | 2016-04-13 | Facility and method for producing liquid helium |
| EA201792146A EA037510B1 (ru) | 2015-04-17 | 2016-04-13 | Способ получения жидкого гелия |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| FR1553430A FR3035195B1 (fr) | 2015-04-17 | 2015-04-17 | Installation et procede de production d'helium liquide |
| FR1553430 | 2015-04-17 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| WO2016166468A1 true WO2016166468A1 (fr) | 2016-10-20 |
Family
ID=53366164
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/FR2016/050846 Ceased WO2016166468A1 (fr) | 2015-04-17 | 2016-04-13 | Installation et procédé de production d'hélium liquide |
Country Status (5)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US10753682B2 (fr) |
| AU (1) | AU2016250109B2 (fr) |
| EA (1) | EA037510B1 (fr) |
| FR (1) | FR3035195B1 (fr) |
| WO (1) | WO2016166468A1 (fr) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112331366A (zh) * | 2020-11-21 | 2021-02-05 | 中国工程物理研究院材料研究所 | 一种氘氚燃料贮存与供给演示系统及应用 |
Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3324626A (en) * | 1964-12-03 | 1967-06-13 | Sinclair Research Inc | Process for the recovery of helium |
| US3407614A (en) * | 1966-12-19 | 1968-10-29 | Phillips Petroleum Co | Helium purification |
| US4666481A (en) * | 1986-03-10 | 1987-05-19 | Union Carbide Corporation | Process for producing liquid helium |
| US4701200A (en) * | 1986-09-24 | 1987-10-20 | Union Carbide Corporation | Process to produce helium gas |
| US20040255618A1 (en) * | 2001-11-12 | 2004-12-23 | Martine Pelle | Method and installation for helium production |
| FR2954973A1 (fr) * | 2010-01-07 | 2011-07-08 | Air Liquide | Procede et dispositif de liquefaction et/ou de refrigeration |
Family Cites Families (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CH592280A5 (fr) * | 1975-04-15 | 1977-10-14 | Sulzer Ag | |
| US4659351A (en) * | 1986-01-29 | 1987-04-21 | Air Products And Chemicals, Inc. | Combined process to produce liquid helium, liquid nitrogen, and gaseous nitrogen from a crude helium feed |
-
2015
- 2015-04-17 FR FR1553430A patent/FR3035195B1/fr active Active
-
2016
- 2016-04-13 EA EA201792146A patent/EA037510B1/ru not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2016-04-13 AU AU2016250109A patent/AU2016250109B2/en not_active Ceased
- 2016-04-13 US US15/567,152 patent/US10753682B2/en active Active
- 2016-04-13 WO PCT/FR2016/050846 patent/WO2016166468A1/fr not_active Ceased
Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3324626A (en) * | 1964-12-03 | 1967-06-13 | Sinclair Research Inc | Process for the recovery of helium |
| US3407614A (en) * | 1966-12-19 | 1968-10-29 | Phillips Petroleum Co | Helium purification |
| US4666481A (en) * | 1986-03-10 | 1987-05-19 | Union Carbide Corporation | Process for producing liquid helium |
| US4701200A (en) * | 1986-09-24 | 1987-10-20 | Union Carbide Corporation | Process to produce helium gas |
| US20040255618A1 (en) * | 2001-11-12 | 2004-12-23 | Martine Pelle | Method and installation for helium production |
| FR2954973A1 (fr) * | 2010-01-07 | 2011-07-08 | Air Liquide | Procede et dispositif de liquefaction et/ou de refrigeration |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112331366A (zh) * | 2020-11-21 | 2021-02-05 | 中国工程物理研究院材料研究所 | 一种氘氚燃料贮存与供给演示系统及应用 |
| CN112331366B (zh) * | 2020-11-21 | 2022-12-13 | 中国工程物理研究院材料研究所 | 一种氘氚燃料贮存与供给演示系统及应用 |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| AU2016250109A1 (en) | 2017-11-30 |
| FR3035195B1 (fr) | 2019-07-12 |
| EA201792146A1 (ru) | 2018-01-31 |
| US20180100696A1 (en) | 2018-04-12 |
| FR3035195A1 (fr) | 2016-10-21 |
| EA037510B1 (ru) | 2021-04-06 |
| AU2016250109B2 (en) | 2020-10-08 |
| US10753682B2 (en) | 2020-08-25 |
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