WO2016161783A1 - Synchronous-motor excitation-system control method based on electric potential control in real-time status - Google Patents

Synchronous-motor excitation-system control method based on electric potential control in real-time status Download PDF

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WO2016161783A1
WO2016161783A1 PCT/CN2015/090853 CN2015090853W WO2016161783A1 WO 2016161783 A1 WO2016161783 A1 WO 2016161783A1 CN 2015090853 W CN2015090853 W CN 2015090853W WO 2016161783 A1 WO2016161783 A1 WO 2016161783A1
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control
excitation
control target
limit
reference value
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PCT/CN2015/090853
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French (fr)
Chinese (zh)
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杨铭
许其品
邵宜祥
耿敏彪
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国电南瑞科技股份有限公司
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
    • H02P6/00—Arrangements for controlling synchronous motors or other dynamo-electric motors using electronic commutation dependent on the rotor position; Electronic commutators therefor
    • H02P6/28—Arrangements for controlling current
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
    • H02P6/00—Arrangements for controlling synchronous motors or other dynamo-electric motors using electronic commutation dependent on the rotor position; Electronic commutators therefor
    • H02P6/08—Arrangements for controlling the speed or torque of a single motor
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
    • H02P6/00—Arrangements for controlling synchronous motors or other dynamo-electric motors using electronic commutation dependent on the rotor position; Electronic commutators therefor
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
    • H02P9/00—Arrangements for controlling electric generators for the purpose of obtaining a desired output
    • H02P9/14—Arrangements for controlling electric generators for the purpose of obtaining a desired output by variation of field
    • H02P9/36—Arrangements for controlling electric generators for the purpose of obtaining a desired output by variation of field using armature-reaction-excited machines

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a synchronous motor excitation system control method based on potential potential control in a real-time state, and belongs to the technical field of motor excitation control.
  • Power system stability includes two parts: power angle stability and voltage stability. Voltage stability is divided into large disturbance voltage stability and small disturbance voltage stability: large disturbance voltage stability refers to the ability of large disturbances such as system failure, loss of system control voltage after generator or loop failure; and small disturbance voltage stability refers to small disturbances such as system The ability of the system to control voltage in the case of a gradual increase in load.
  • the excitation system is the key link to control the reactive power of the generator and has a great influence on the dynamic behavior of the generator.
  • auxiliary loop control links such as rotor current control, adjustment, volts limit, Underexcitation limit, overexcitation limit, over reactive limit, PSS (Power System Stabilizer), etc. Mainly used to protect the safety of the rotor and stator of the generator.
  • PSS Power System Stabilizer
  • the control performance is often no longer determined by the main loop, and the previous research on the excitation system is more concerned with the excitation system.
  • the characteristics of the main ring so in the event of a grid or synchronous generator set failure often does not necessarily have the desired effect.
  • the regulation performance of the excitation system in the case of grid or synchronous generator set failure can be greatly improved, the reliability of the excitation system can be improved, and the safety and stability of the power grid can be improved.
  • the excitation system can contribute to the stability of the grid and the safety of the generator to the utmost extent.
  • the international standard IEEE std 421, especially the national standard GB/T 7409.2 in the excitation system control model, the auxiliary link and the main control link are both superimposed and high and low, when using the high and low door type limiter It is only necessary to consider the selection of the primary and secondary ring models and parameters separately.
  • the excitation system model of the superposition method is adopted, not only the selection of the model and parameters of the primary and secondary rings, but also the coordinated control between them must be considered. Both have their own advantages and disadvantages.
  • the excitation system with high and low gates has the problem of non-disturbing switching in limiting action and exit, while the superimposed model has the problem of auxiliary ring parameter selection.
  • the object of the present invention is to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, and to provide a control method for a synchronous motor excitation system based on potential potential control in a real-time state, which solves the technical problem that the stability of the excitation system of the synchronous motor is not high in the prior art.
  • the technical solution adopted by the present invention is: a synchronous motor excitation system control method based on potential state internal potential control, comprising the following steps:
  • Step 1 Convert the terminal voltage reference value U ref and the reactive power reference value Q ref in the excitation motor excitation control target to the control target internal potential E q according to formula (1):
  • P is the real-time measured value of the active power of the synchronous motor
  • x d is the reactance transform coefficient
  • U is the real-time measurement value of the synchronous motor terminal voltage
  • Q is the reactive power reference value Q ref ;
  • U is the terminal voltage reference value U ref
  • Q is the real-time measurement value of the synchronous motor reactive power
  • Step 2 The control of the excitation system of the synchronous motor is reduced to three types of control: main loop-machine voltage control, auxiliary loop-reactive power control and auxiliary loop-excitation current control;
  • the main loop-machine terminal voltage control includes: machine terminal voltage control, frequency difference control, and volt hertz limit control;
  • the auxiliary loop-reactive power control includes: underexcitation limit control and over reactive limit control;
  • the auxiliary loop-excitation current control includes: maximum excitation current control, minimum excitation current control, PSS control, over-excitation limit control;
  • Step 3 For the main loop-machine terminal voltage control: set the reference voltage value of the terminal voltage superimposed with the adjustment value as U ref , then the reference value of the internal potential of the conversion synchronous motor control target is:
  • auxiliary loop-reactive power control set the reactive power reference value to Q ref , then the reference value of the internal potential of the synchronous motor control target converted into:
  • auxiliary loop-excitation current control directly switch to the control with the excitation current as the control target;
  • Step 4 The excitation control main ring with the terminal voltage as the control target, the excitation control auxiliary ring with the reactive power as the control target, and the excitation control auxiliary ring with the excitation current as the control target, according to their respective effects on the stability of the system and The need for real-time control, select the current real-time control target, and perform closed-loop control to achieve excitation system control.
  • step four The steps for selecting the real-time control target in step four are as follows:
  • Step 401 If the reactive power limit action is performed, the reference value of the internal potential of the control target after the reactive power reference value converted by the reactive power limit As the control target; in the case of unrestricted action and voltage closed loop, the reference value E qref of the internal potential of the control target after the machine terminal voltage reference value is converted is taken as the control target;
  • Step 403 If the current is closed-loop, the excitation current reference value is the control target obtained in the current step. If the current closed loop is not activated, the control target obtained in step 402 is taken;
  • Step 404 If the over-excitation limit operation, take the over-excitation-limited excitation current reference value as the control target obtained in this step, and if the over-excitation limit does not operate, take the control target obtained in step 403;
  • Step 405 If the under-excitation limit action is performed, the reference value of the internal potential of the control target after the under-excitation-restricted reactive power reference value is converted is the control target obtained in this step, and if the under-excitation limit is not operated, the control obtained in step 404 is taken. aims;
  • Step 406 If the maximum excitation current limiting action, take the maximum excitation current limit excitation current reference value as the control target obtained in this step, if the maximum excitation current limit does not operate, take the control target obtained in step 405;
  • Step 407 If the minimum excitation current limiting action, the minimum excitation current limiting excitation current reference value is the control target obtained in this step, and if the minimum excitation current limitation is not active, the control target obtained in step 406 is taken;
  • Step 408 If the PSS is input, the PSS output is superimposed on the control target obtained in step 407; if the PSS is not input, the control target obtained in step 407 is taken;
  • Step 409 When the control target such as the terminal voltage and the reactive power is converted into the internal potential reference value, the actual measured value compared with the corresponding E q conversion is also performed; when the control target is the excitation current reference value, compared with It is the real-time excitation current.
  • Step 410 Design corresponding control parameters for the terminal voltage control, the reactive power control, and the excitation current control. If the final control target obtained in step 408 is the terminal voltage control and the volt limit, the control parameter corresponding to the terminal voltage control is selected. If the final control target obtained in step 408 is over reactive limit and underexcited limit, the control parameter corresponding to reactive power control is selected; if the final control target obtained in step 408 is excitation current control, overexcitation limit, maximum excitation current limit , the minimum excitation current limit, select the control parameters corresponding to the excitation current control.
  • the beneficial effects achieved by the invention are: the excitation control system E q model can realize the coordinated control of the main and auxiliary loops, reduce the influence of the fast excitation system on the system damping, and the excitation adjustment under the disturbance or fault condition. It can still guarantee the control performance, calm the oscillation as soon as possible, and strengthen the support function of the excitation system to the stability of the power system.
  • FIG. 1 is a view showing an example of a control method of a synchronous motor excitation system based on a potential state internal potential control in the present invention.
  • FIG. 1 an example of the control method of the synchronous motor excitation system based on the potential control in the real-time state, wherein U ref is the terminal voltage reference value, U c is the adjustment coefficient, and Q oel-ref is the reactive power limit reactive power Reference value, Q uel-ref is the under-excitation limit reactive reference value, U VF-ref is the volt limit voltage reference value, I fref is the excitation current reference value, I flim is the over-excitation limit excitation current reference value, I flimmin is The minimum excitation current limits the current reference value, I flimmax is the maximum excitation current limit current reference value, LimVF is the volt limit action flag, IfMark is the current loop operation flag, IflimMark is the overexcitation limit action flag, and UelMark is the underexcitation limit action flag.
  • OelMark is the reactive power limit action flag
  • IflimminMark is the minimum field current limit action flag
  • IflimmaxMark is the maximum field current limit action flag
  • U PSS is the PSS output.
  • Umea is the terminal voltage measurement value
  • Qmea is the reactive power measurement value
  • Imea is the excitation current measurement value
  • PID-U is the voltage closed-loop control
  • PID-Q is the reactive closed-loop control
  • PID-I is the current closed-loop control.
  • E q indicates that the terminal voltage reference value, the reactive power reference value or the actual measured value is converted into the Eq reference value and the measured value.
  • the synchronous generator excitation control is taken as an example for description.
  • Step 1 Convert the terminal voltage reference value U ref and the reactive power reference value Q ref in the excitation motor excitation control target to the control target internal potential E q according to formula (1):
  • P is the real-time measured value of the active power of the synchronous motor
  • x d is the reactance transform coefficient
  • U is the real-time measurement value of the synchronous motor terminal voltage
  • Q is the reactive power reference value Q ref ;
  • U is the terminal voltage reference value U ref
  • Q is the real-time measurement value of the synchronous motor reactive power
  • Step 2 Synchronous generator excitation system main and auxiliary loop control includes: machine terminal voltage control, rotor current control, harmonic control, volt hertz limit control, low excitation limit control, overexcitation limit control, over reactive limit control, PSS control
  • the control of the excitation motor excitation system is reduced to three types of control: main loop-machine voltage control, auxiliary loop-reactive power control and auxiliary loop-excitation current control;
  • the main loop-machine voltage control includes: terminal voltage control, harmonic control, and volts limit control;
  • the auxiliary loop-reactive power control includes: underexcitation limit control and over reactive limit control;
  • the auxiliary loop-excitation current control includes: maximum excitation current control, minimum excitation current control, PSS control, over-excitation limit control;
  • Step 3 For the main loop-machine terminal voltage control: set the reference voltage value of the terminal voltage superimposed with the adjustment value as U ref , then the reference value of the internal potential of the conversion synchronous motor control target is:
  • the volthertz is limited to the ratio of voltage to frequency
  • the limit of the voltage to frequency ratio of the terminal is k
  • auxiliary loop-reactive power control set the reactive power reference value to Q ref , then the reference value of the internal potential of the synchronous motor control target converted into:
  • auxiliary loop-excitation current control directly switch to the control with the excitation current as the control target;
  • the current loop control is performed with the rated excitation current as the target, which is the same as the excitation current control.
  • the PSS link does not need to be converted, and is directly superimposed on the generator E q , the excitation current reference value or superimposed on the terminal voltage reference value.
  • Step 4 The excitation control main ring with the terminal voltage as the control target, the excitation control auxiliary ring with the reactive power as the control target, and the excitation control auxiliary ring with the excitation current as the control target, according to their respective effects on the stability of the system and The need for real-time control, select the current real-time control target, and perform closed-loop control to achieve excitation system control.
  • step four The steps for selecting the real-time control target in step four are as follows:
  • Step 401 If the reactive power limit action is performed, the reference value of the internal potential of the control target after the reactive power reference value converted by the reactive power limit As the control target; in the case of unrestricted action and voltage closed loop, the reference value E qref of the internal potential of the control target after the machine terminal voltage reference value is converted is taken as the control target;
  • Step 403 If the current is closed-loop, the excitation current reference value is the control target obtained in the current step. If the current closed loop is not activated, the control target obtained in step 402 is taken;
  • Step 404 If the over-excitation limit operation, take the over-excitation-limited excitation current reference value as the control target obtained in this step, and if the over-excitation limit does not operate, take the control target obtained in step 403;
  • Step 405 If the under-excitation limit action is performed, the reference value of the internal potential of the control target after the under-excitation-restricted reactive power reference value is converted is the control target obtained in this step, and if the under-excitation limit is not operated, the control obtained in step 404 is taken. aims;
  • Step 406 If the maximum excitation current limiting action, take the maximum excitation current limit excitation current reference value as the control target obtained in this step, if the maximum excitation current limit does not operate, take the control target obtained in step 405;
  • Step 407 If the minimum excitation current limiting action, the minimum excitation current limiting excitation current reference value is the control target obtained in this step, and if the minimum excitation current limitation is not active, the control target obtained in step 406 is taken;
  • Step 408 If the PSS (Power System Stabilizer) is input, the PSS output is superimposed on the control target obtained in step 407; if the PSS is not input, the control target obtained in step 407 is taken;
  • PSS Power System Stabilizer
  • Step 409 When the control target such as the terminal voltage and the reactive power is converted into the internal potential reference value, the actual measured value compared with the corresponding E q conversion is also performed; when the control target is the excitation current reference value, compared with It is the real-time excitation current.
  • Step 410 Design corresponding control parameters for the terminal voltage control, the reactive power control, and the excitation current control. If the final control target obtained in step 408 is the terminal voltage control and the volt limit, the control parameter corresponding to the terminal voltage control is selected. If the final control target obtained in step 408 is over reactive limit and underexcited limit, the control parameter corresponding to reactive power control is selected; if the final control target obtained in step 408 is excitation current control, overexcitation limit, maximum excitation current limit , the minimum excitation current limit, select the control parameters corresponding to the excitation current control.
  • the E q model of the excitation control system can realize the coordinated control of the main and auxiliary loops to reduce the influence of the fast excitation system on the system damping.
  • the excitation adjustment can still ensure the control performance, calm the oscillation as soon as possible, and strengthen the excitation system.
  • the supporting role of the power system stability can be realized.

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  • Control Of Eletrric Generators (AREA)

Abstract

Provided are a synchronous-motor excitation-system control method based on electric potential control in real-time status. A terminal voltage and reactive power of a synchronous motor excitation control target are converted into electric potential in the control target according to equation (1), P being real-time active power of the motor; when reactive power is used as the control target, U is the terminal voltage value of the motor and Q is the reactive power Qref; when terminal voltage is used as the control target, U is the terminal voltage Uref, and Q is the real-time reactive power value of the motor; xd is a reactance transform coefficient. Of the excitation control primary ring using terminal voltage as the control target, the excitation control secondary ring using reactive power as the control target, and the excitation control secondary ring using excitation current as the control target, the current real-time control target is selected according to the impact of each of the above on system stability, and the requirements of real-time control; control of the excitation system is thus achieved via closed-loop control, forming an excitation control model for a synchronous motor. The control method enhances the support function of an excitation system on an electric power system.

Description

基于实时状态内电势控制的同步电机励磁系统控制方法Synchronous motor excitation system control method based on real-time state internal potential control 技术领域Technical field
本发明涉及一种基于实时状态内电势控制的同步电机励磁系统控制方法，属于电机励磁控制技术领域。The invention relates to a synchronous motor excitation system control method based on potential potential control in a real-time state, and belongs to the technical field of motor excitation control.
背景技术Background technique
由于励磁控制对象同步电机(包括同步电动机和同步发电机)的非线性，当励磁采用经典PID控制时，在不同的工作点放大倍数差异非常大，使得经典PID在全局系统的响应特性差别非常大，导致为了满足全局静态稳定的需要，使得在某些工作点系统的响应速度难以满足大扰动稳定的要求。Due to the nonlinearity of the excitation control object synchronous motor (including synchronous motor and synchronous generator), when the excitation adopts the classic PID control, the difference of the magnification at different working points is very large, which makes the response characteristics of the classic PID in the global system very different. In order to meet the needs of global static stability, the response speed of the system at some working points is difficult to meet the requirements of large disturbance stability.
对于同步发电机，随着全国电网互联的实施，电网规模不断扩大，大容量、超高压、远距离输电系统日益增多，因而电网的稳定运行问题变得越来越复杂，电机控制也就显得越来越重要。电力系统稳定包括功角稳定和电压稳定两部分。电压稳定分为大扰动电压稳定和小扰动电压稳定：大扰动电压稳定是指大扰动如系统故障、失去发电机或回路故障后系统控制电压的能力；而小扰动电压稳定是指小扰动如系统负荷逐渐增长的情况下系统控制电压的能力。励磁系统是控制发电机无功功率的关键环节，对发电机动态行为有很大影响。For synchronous generators, with the implementation of national grid interconnection, the scale of power grids is expanding, and the capacity of large-capacity, ultra-high-voltage and long-distance transmission systems is increasing. Therefore, the problem of stable operation of power grids becomes more and more complicated, and the motor control becomes more and more The more important it is. Power system stability includes two parts: power angle stability and voltage stability. Voltage stability is divided into large disturbance voltage stability and small disturbance voltage stability: large disturbance voltage stability refers to the ability of large disturbances such as system failure, loss of system control voltage after generator or loop failure; and small disturbance voltage stability refers to small disturbances such as system The ability of the system to control voltage in the case of a gradual increase in load. The excitation system is the key link to control the reactive power of the generator and has a great influence on the dynamic behavior of the generator.
随着励磁控制技术的进步，现代大型机组的励磁控制系统具有多项辅助功能，除主环机端电压控制外，还有许多辅环控制环节，例如转子电流控制、调差、伏赫兹限制、欠励限制、过励限制、过无功限制、PSS(电力系统稳定器)等。主要用来保护发电机转子和定子的安全。当以上辅助环节发生作用时，往往正是电网稳定性受到威胁或者发电机本体的安全受到潜在威胁的时候，也可 以说当电网或者同步发电机组发生故障时，一般都伴随着各种限制环节的作用，此时的控制性能往往不再由主环决定，而以前对于励磁系统的研究更多的是关注励磁系统主环的特性，所以在电网或者同步发电机组发生故障时往往未必能够起到预想的效果。通过对辅环控制性能的研究，可以大大提高励磁系统在电网或同步发电机组发生故障情况下的调节性能，真正提高励磁系统的可靠性，提高电网的安全性和稳定性。所以对于大型发电机励磁系统不但要研究主环、辅环的控制性能，还要研究主环和辅环共同作用过程中的协调问题，这样才能保证在电网出现故障或者发电机自身发生故障时，励磁系统能够最大限度地为电网的稳定及发电机的安全做出贡献。With the advancement of excitation control technology, the excitation control system of modern large-scale units has a number of auxiliary functions. In addition to the voltage control at the main ring terminal, there are many auxiliary loop control links, such as rotor current control, adjustment, volts limit, Underexcitation limit, overexcitation limit, over reactive limit, PSS (Power System Stabilizer), etc. Mainly used to protect the safety of the rotor and stator of the generator. When the above auxiliary links occur, it is often when the stability of the power grid is threatened or the safety of the generator body is potentially threatened. It is said that when the power grid or synchronous generator set fails, it is generally accompanied by various limiting links. At this time, the control performance is often no longer determined by the main loop, and the previous research on the excitation system is more concerned with the excitation system. The characteristics of the main ring, so in the event of a grid or synchronous generator set failure often does not necessarily have the desired effect. Through the research on the control performance of the auxiliary ring, the regulation performance of the excitation system in the case of grid or synchronous generator set failure can be greatly improved, the reliability of the excitation system can be improved, and the safety and stability of the power grid can be improved. Therefore, for the large-scale generator excitation system, not only the control performance of the main ring and the auxiliary ring should be studied, but also the coordination problem during the joint action of the main ring and the auxiliary ring should be studied, so as to ensure that when the power grid fails or the generator itself fails, The excitation system can contribute to the stability of the grid and the safety of the generator to the utmost extent.
目前国际标准IEEE std 421，特别是国标GB/T 7409.2中励磁系统控制模型中辅助环节与主控制环节间既有采用叠加方式的又有采用高低门方式的，当采用高低门形式的限制器时，只需分别考虑主、辅环模型和参数的选择，而当采用叠加方式的励磁系统模型时，则不但要分别考虑主、辅环的模型和参数的选择，还必须考虑其间的协调控制。两者各有优缺点，采用高低门方式的励磁系统在限制动作与退出中存在无扰切换的问题，而叠加方式的模型存在辅环参数选择的问题。At present, the international standard IEEE std 421, especially the national standard GB/T 7409.2, in the excitation system control model, the auxiliary link and the main control link are both superimposed and high and low, when using the high and low door type limiter It is only necessary to consider the selection of the primary and secondary ring models and parameters separately. When the excitation system model of the superposition method is adopted, not only the selection of the model and parameters of the primary and secondary rings, but also the coordinated control between them must be considered. Both have their own advantages and disadvantages. The excitation system with high and low gates has the problem of non-disturbing switching in limiting action and exit, while the superimposed model has the problem of auxiliary ring parameter selection.
发明内容Summary of the invention
本发明的目的在于克服现有技术中的不足，提供一种基于实时状态内电势控制的同步电机励磁系统控制方法，解决现有技术中同步电机励磁系统稳定性不高的技术问题。The object of the present invention is to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, and to provide a control method for a synchronous motor excitation system based on potential potential control in a real-time state, which solves the technical problem that the stability of the excitation system of the synchronous motor is not high in the prior art.
为解决上述技术问题，本发明所采用的技术方案是：基于实时状态内电势控制的同步电机励磁系统控制方法，包括如下步骤： In order to solve the above technical problem, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is: a synchronous motor excitation system control method based on potential state internal potential control, comprising the following steps:
步骤一：将同步电机励磁控制目标中的机端电压参考值Uref、无功功率参考值Qref按照公式(1)转换成控制目标内电势Eq：Step 1: Convert the terminal voltage reference value U ref and the reactive power reference value Q ref in the excitation motor excitation control target to the control target internal potential E q according to formula (1):
Figure PCTCN2015090853-appb-000001
Figure PCTCN2015090853-appb-000001
其中：P为同步电机有功功率实时测量值，xd为电抗变换系数；Where: P is the real-time measured value of the active power of the synchronous motor, and x d is the reactance transform coefficient;
当以无功功率Q为控制目标时，U为同步电机机端电压实时测量值，Q即为无功功率参考值Qref；When the reactive power Q is used as the control target, U is the real-time measurement value of the synchronous motor terminal voltage, and Q is the reactive power reference value Q ref ;
当以机端电压U为控制目标时，U即为机端电压参考值Uref，Q为同步电机无功功率实时测量值；When the terminal voltage U is used as the control target, U is the terminal voltage reference value U ref , and Q is the real-time measurement value of the synchronous motor reactive power;
步骤二：将同步电机励磁系统控制归结为三类控制：主环-机端电压控制、辅环-无功功率控制和辅环-励磁电流控制；Step 2: The control of the excitation system of the synchronous motor is reduced to three types of control: main loop-machine voltage control, auxiliary loop-reactive power control and auxiliary loop-excitation current control;
所述主环-机端电压控制包括：机端电压控制、调差控制、伏赫兹限制控制；The main loop-machine terminal voltage control includes: machine terminal voltage control, frequency difference control, and volt hertz limit control;
所述辅环-无功功率控制包括：欠励限制控制、过无功限制控制；The auxiliary loop-reactive power control includes: underexcitation limit control and over reactive limit control;
所述辅环-励磁电流控制包括：最大励磁电流控制、最小励磁电流控制、PSS控制、过励限制控制；The auxiliary loop-excitation current control includes: maximum excitation current control, minimum excitation current control, PSS control, over-excitation limit control;
步骤三：对于主环-机端电压控制：设叠加了调差值的机端电压参考值为Uref，则转化同步电机控制目标内电势的参考值为：Step 3: For the main loop-machine terminal voltage control: set the reference voltage value of the terminal voltage superimposed with the adjustment value as U ref , then the reference value of the internal potential of the conversion synchronous motor control target is:
Figure PCTCN2015090853-appb-000002
Figure PCTCN2015090853-appb-000002
对于辅环-无功功率控制：设无功功率参考值为Qref，则转化为的同步电机控制目标内电势的参考值为：For the auxiliary loop-reactive power control: set the reactive power reference value to Q ref , then the reference value of the internal potential of the synchronous motor control target converted into:
Figure PCTCN2015090853-appb-000003
Figure PCTCN2015090853-appb-000003
对于辅环-励磁电流控制：直接切换至以励磁电流为控制目标进行的控制；For the auxiliary loop-excitation current control: directly switch to the control with the excitation current as the control target;
步骤四：将以机端电压为控制目标的励磁控制主环、以无功功率为控制目标的励磁控制辅环和以励磁电流为控制目标的励磁控制辅环，按照各自对系统稳定的影响及实时控制的需要，选取当前的实时控制目标，进行闭环控制实现励磁系统控制。Step 4: The excitation control main ring with the terminal voltage as the control target, the excitation control auxiliary ring with the reactive power as the control target, and the excitation control auxiliary ring with the excitation current as the control target, according to their respective effects on the stability of the system and The need for real-time control, select the current real-time control target, and perform closed-loop control to achieve excitation system control.
步骤四中实时控制目标的选取步骤如下：The steps for selecting the real-time control target in step four are as follows:
步骤401：若过无功限制动作，以过无功限制的无功功率参考值转换后的控制目标内电势的参考值
Figure PCTCN2015090853-appb-000004
作为控制目标；无限制动作且电压闭环情况下，将机端电压参考值转换后的控制目标内电势的参考值Eqref作为控制目标；Step 401: If the reactive power limit action is performed, the reference value of the internal potential of the control target after the reactive power reference value converted by the reactive power limit
Figure PCTCN2015090853-appb-000004
As the control target; in the case of unrestricted action and voltage closed loop, the reference value E qref of the internal potential of the control target after the machine terminal voltage reference value is converted is taken as the control target;
步骤402：若伏赫兹限制动作，设机端电压与频率比的限制为k，取伏赫兹限制电压参考值Uref＝k*f转换后的控制目标内电势的参考值作为控制目标；若伏赫限制动作未动作，取步骤401中的值作为本步骤所得的控制目标；Step 402: If the volthertz limit action, set the limit of the voltage to frequency ratio of the terminal to k, and take the reference value of the internal potential of the control target after the volt-hertz limit voltage reference value U ref =k*f as the control target; The Hex limit action does not operate, and the value in step 401 is taken as the control target obtained in this step;
步骤403：若电流闭环启动，取励磁电流参考值为本次步骤所得的控制目标，若电流闭环未启动，取步骤402中所得的控制目标；Step 403: If the current is closed-loop, the excitation current reference value is the control target obtained in the current step. If the current closed loop is not activated, the control target obtained in step 402 is taken;
步骤404：若过励限制动作，取过励限制励磁电流参考值为本步骤所得的控制目标，若过励限制未动作，取步骤403中所得的控制目标；Step 404: If the over-excitation limit operation, take the over-excitation-limited excitation current reference value as the control target obtained in this step, and if the over-excitation limit does not operate, take the control target obtained in step 403;
步骤405：若欠励限制动作，取欠励限制无功功率参考值转换后的控制目标内电势的参考值为本步骤所得的控制目标，若欠励限制未动作，取步骤404中所得的控制目标；Step 405: If the under-excitation limit action is performed, the reference value of the internal potential of the control target after the under-excitation-restricted reactive power reference value is converted is the control target obtained in this step, and if the under-excitation limit is not operated, the control obtained in step 404 is taken. aims;
步骤406：若最大励磁电流限制动作，取最大励磁电流限制励磁电流参考值为本步骤所得的控制目标，若最大励磁电流限制未动作，取步骤405中所得的控制目标； Step 406: If the maximum excitation current limiting action, take the maximum excitation current limit excitation current reference value as the control target obtained in this step, if the maximum excitation current limit does not operate, take the control target obtained in step 405;
步骤407：若最小励磁电流限制动作，取最小励磁电流限制励磁电流参考值为本步骤所得的控制目标，若最小励磁电流限制未动作，取步骤406中所得的控制目标；Step 407: If the minimum excitation current limiting action, the minimum excitation current limiting excitation current reference value is the control target obtained in this step, and if the minimum excitation current limitation is not active, the control target obtained in step 406 is taken;
步骤408：若PSS投入，将PSS输出叠加在步骤407得到的控制目标上；若PSS未投入，取步骤407中所得的控制目标；Step 408: If the PSS is input, the PSS output is superimposed on the control target obtained in step 407; if the PSS is not input, the control target obtained in step 407 is taken;
步骤409：当机端电压、无功功率等控制目标转换成内电势参考值时，与之比较的实际测量值也相应的进行Eq转换；当控制目标为励磁电流参考值时，与之比较的是实时励磁电流。Step 409: When the control target such as the terminal voltage and the reactive power is converted into the internal potential reference value, the actual measured value compared with the corresponding E q conversion is also performed; when the control target is the excitation current reference value, compared with It is the real-time excitation current.
步骤410：针对机端电压控制、无功功率控制、励磁电流控制设计对应的控制参数，若步骤408中所得最终控制目标为机端电压控制、伏赫限制，选取机端电压控制对应的控制参数；若步骤408中所得最终控制目标为过无功限制、欠励限制，选取无功功率控制对应的控制参数；若步骤408中所得最终控制目标为励磁电流控制、过励限制、最大励磁电流限制、最小励磁电流限制，选取励磁电流控制对应的控制参数。Step 410: Design corresponding control parameters for the terminal voltage control, the reactive power control, and the excitation current control. If the final control target obtained in step 408 is the terminal voltage control and the volt limit, the control parameter corresponding to the terminal voltage control is selected. If the final control target obtained in step 408 is over reactive limit and underexcited limit, the control parameter corresponding to reactive power control is selected; if the final control target obtained in step 408 is excitation current control, overexcitation limit, maximum excitation current limit , the minimum excitation current limit, select the control parameters corresponding to the excitation current control.
与现有技术相比，本发明所达到的有益效果是：励磁控制系统Eq模型可以实现主辅环的协调控制、减小快速励磁系统对系统阻尼的影响，在扰动或故障情况下励磁调节仍能保证控制性能，尽快平息振荡，加强励磁系统对电力系统稳定的支撑作用。Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects achieved by the invention are: the excitation control system E q model can realize the coordinated control of the main and auxiliary loops, reduce the influence of the fast excitation system on the system damping, and the excitation adjustment under the disturbance or fault condition. It can still guarantee the control performance, calm the oscillation as soon as possible, and strengthen the support function of the excitation system to the stability of the power system.
附图说明DRAWINGS
图1是本发明中的基于实时状态内电势控制的同步电机励磁系统控制方法实例图。BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS Fig. 1 is a view showing an example of a control method of a synchronous motor excitation system based on a potential state internal potential control in the present invention.
具体实施方式 detailed description
下面结合附图对本发明作进一步描述。以下实施例仅用于更加清楚地说明本发明的技术方案，而不能以此来限制本发明的保护范围。The invention is further described below in conjunction with the drawings. The following examples are only intended to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.
如图1所示，基于实时状态内电势控制的同步电机励磁系统控制方法实例图，其中Uref为机端电压参考值，Uc为调差系数，Qoel-ref为过无功限制无功参考值，Quel-ref为欠励限制无功参考值，UVF-ref为伏赫限制电压参考值，Ifref为励磁电流参考值，Iflim为过励限制励磁电流参考值，Iflimmin为最小励磁电流限制电流参考值，Iflimmax为最大励磁电流限制电流参考值，LimVF为伏赫限制动作标志，IfMark为电流环运行标志，IflimMark为过励限制动作标志，UelMark为欠励限制动作标志，OelMark为过无功限制动作标志，IflimminMark为最小励磁电流限制动作标志，IflimmaxMark为最大励磁电流限制动作标志，UPSS为PSS输出。Umea为机端电压测量值，Qmea为无功功率测量值，Imea为励磁电流测量值，PID-U为电压闭环控制，PID-Q为无功闭环控制，PID-I为电流闭环控制。Eq表示将机端电压参考值、无功功率参考值或实际测量值转换为Eq参考值、测量值。以同步发电机励磁控制为例进行说明。As shown in Fig. 1, an example of the control method of the synchronous motor excitation system based on the potential control in the real-time state, wherein U ref is the terminal voltage reference value, U c is the adjustment coefficient, and Q oel-ref is the reactive power limit reactive power Reference value, Q uel-ref is the under-excitation limit reactive reference value, U VF-ref is the volt limit voltage reference value, I fref is the excitation current reference value, I flim is the over-excitation limit excitation current reference value, I flimmin is The minimum excitation current limits the current reference value, I flimmax is the maximum excitation current limit current reference value, LimVF is the volt limit action flag, IfMark is the current loop operation flag, IflimMark is the overexcitation limit action flag, and UelMark is the underexcitation limit action flag. OelMark is the reactive power limit action flag, IflimminMark is the minimum field current limit action flag, IflimmaxMark is the maximum field current limit action flag, and U PSS is the PSS output. Umea is the terminal voltage measurement value, Qmea is the reactive power measurement value, Imea is the excitation current measurement value, PID-U is the voltage closed-loop control, PID-Q is the reactive closed-loop control, and PID-I is the current closed-loop control. E q indicates that the terminal voltage reference value, the reactive power reference value or the actual measured value is converted into the Eq reference value and the measured value. The synchronous generator excitation control is taken as an example for description.
步骤一：将同步电机励磁控制目标中的机端电压参考值Uref、无功功率参考值Qref按照公式(1)转换成控制目标内电势Eq：Step 1: Convert the terminal voltage reference value U ref and the reactive power reference value Q ref in the excitation motor excitation control target to the control target internal potential E q according to formula (1):
Figure PCTCN2015090853-appb-000005
Figure PCTCN2015090853-appb-000005
其中：P为同步电机有功功率实时测量值，xd为电抗变换系数；Where: P is the real-time measured value of the active power of the synchronous motor, and x d is the reactance transform coefficient;
当以无功功率Q为控制目标时，U为同步电机机端电压实时测量值，Q即为无功功率参考值Qref；When the reactive power Q is used as the control target, U is the real-time measurement value of the synchronous motor terminal voltage, and Q is the reactive power reference value Q ref ;
当以机端电压U为控制目标时，U即为机端电压参考值Uref，Q为同步电机无功功率实时测量值； When the terminal voltage U is used as the control target, U is the terminal voltage reference value U ref , and Q is the real-time measurement value of the synchronous motor reactive power;
步骤二：同步发电机励磁系统主辅环控制包括：机端电压控制、转子电流控制、调差控制、伏赫兹限制控制、低励限制控制、过励限制控制、过无功限制控制、PSS控制，将同步电机励磁系统控制归结为三类控制：主环-机端电压控制、辅环-无功功率控制和辅环-励磁电流控制；Step 2: Synchronous generator excitation system main and auxiliary loop control includes: machine terminal voltage control, rotor current control, harmonic control, volt hertz limit control, low excitation limit control, overexcitation limit control, over reactive limit control, PSS control The control of the excitation motor excitation system is reduced to three types of control: main loop-machine voltage control, auxiliary loop-reactive power control and auxiliary loop-excitation current control;
主环-机端电压控制包括：机端电压控制、调差控制、伏赫兹限制控制；The main loop-machine voltage control includes: terminal voltage control, harmonic control, and volts limit control;
辅环-无功功率控制包括：欠励限制控制、过无功限制控制；The auxiliary loop-reactive power control includes: underexcitation limit control and over reactive limit control;
辅环-励磁电流控制包括：最大励磁电流控制、最小励磁电流控制、PSS控制、过励限制控制；The auxiliary loop-excitation current control includes: maximum excitation current control, minimum excitation current control, PSS control, over-excitation limit control;
步骤三：对于主环-机端电压控制：设叠加了调差值的机端电压参考值为Uref，则转化同步电机控制目标内电势的参考值为：Step 3: For the main loop-machine terminal voltage control: set the reference voltage value of the terminal voltage superimposed with the adjustment value as U ref , then the reference value of the internal potential of the conversion synchronous motor control target is:
Figure PCTCN2015090853-appb-000006
Figure PCTCN2015090853-appb-000006
在有功功率稳定的情况下，Uref固定不变，Eq的控制目标将随着无功功率的变化而变化，在保证机端电压达到参考值的同时，自动跟踪无功功率的变化，达到确定的励磁电流控制。When the active power is stable, U ref is fixed, and the control target of E q will change with the change of reactive power. When the voltage of the terminal reaches the reference value, the change of reactive power is automatically tracked. Determined excitation current control.
由于伏赫兹限制为限制电压与频率的比，设机端电压与频率比的限制为k，则得此时的机端电压参考值为Uref＝k*f，按机端电压的转换方式转换。Since the volthertz is limited to the ratio of voltage to frequency, the limit of the voltage to frequency ratio of the terminal is k, then the reference voltage of the terminal voltage at this time is U ref =k*f, which is converted according to the conversion mode of the terminal voltage. .
对于辅环-无功功率控制：设无功功率参考值为Qref，则转化为的同步电机控制目标内电势的参考值为：For the auxiliary loop-reactive power control: set the reactive power reference value to Q ref , then the reference value of the internal potential of the synchronous motor control target converted into:
Figure PCTCN2015090853-appb-000007
Figure PCTCN2015090853-appb-000007
对于辅环-励磁电流控制：直接切换至以励磁电流为控制目标进行的控制； For the auxiliary loop-excitation current control: directly switch to the control with the excitation current as the control target;
对于辅环-过励限制控制：在热量积累到标准规定条件达到后，以额定励磁电流为目标进行电流环控制，与励磁电流控制相同。For the auxiliary ring-overexcitation limit control: After the heat is accumulated to the standard specified conditions, the current loop control is performed with the rated excitation current as the target, which is the same as the excitation current control.
PSS环节无需转换，直接叠加在发电机Eq、励磁电流参考值上或叠加在机端电压参考值上。The PSS link does not need to be converted, and is directly superimposed on the generator E q , the excitation current reference value or superimposed on the terminal voltage reference value.
步骤四：将以机端电压为控制目标的励磁控制主环、以无功功率为控制目标的励磁控制辅环和以励磁电流为控制目标的励磁控制辅环，按照各自对系统稳定的影响及实时控制的需要，选取当前的实时控制目标，进行闭环控制实现励磁系统控制。Step 4: The excitation control main ring with the terminal voltage as the control target, the excitation control auxiliary ring with the reactive power as the control target, and the excitation control auxiliary ring with the excitation current as the control target, according to their respective effects on the stability of the system and The need for real-time control, select the current real-time control target, and perform closed-loop control to achieve excitation system control.
步骤四中实时控制目标的选取步骤如下：The steps for selecting the real-time control target in step four are as follows:
步骤401：若过无功限制动作，以过无功限制的无功功率参考值转换后的控制目标内电势的参考值
Figure PCTCN2015090853-appb-000008
作为控制目标；无限制动作且电压闭环情况下，将机端电压参考值转换后的控制目标内电势的参考值Eqref作为控制目标；Step 401: If the reactive power limit action is performed, the reference value of the internal potential of the control target after the reactive power reference value converted by the reactive power limit
Figure PCTCN2015090853-appb-000008
As the control target; in the case of unrestricted action and voltage closed loop, the reference value E qref of the internal potential of the control target after the machine terminal voltage reference value is converted is taken as the control target;
步骤402：若伏赫兹限制动作，设机端电压与频率比的限制为k，取伏赫兹限制电压参考值Uref＝k*f转换后的控制目标内电势的参考值作为控制目标；若伏赫限制动作未动作，取步骤401中的值作为本步骤所得的控制目标；Step 402: If the volthertz limit action, set the limit of the voltage to frequency ratio of the terminal to k, and take the reference value of the internal potential of the control target after the volt-hertz limit voltage reference value U ref =k*f as the control target; The Hex limit action does not operate, and the value in step 401 is taken as the control target obtained in this step;
步骤403：若电流闭环启动，取励磁电流参考值为本次步骤所得的控制目标，若电流闭环未启动，取步骤402中所得的控制目标；Step 403: If the current is closed-loop, the excitation current reference value is the control target obtained in the current step. If the current closed loop is not activated, the control target obtained in step 402 is taken;
步骤404：若过励限制动作，取过励限制励磁电流参考值为本步骤所得的控制目标，若过励限制未动作，取步骤403中所得的控制目标；Step 404: If the over-excitation limit operation, take the over-excitation-limited excitation current reference value as the control target obtained in this step, and if the over-excitation limit does not operate, take the control target obtained in step 403;
步骤405：若欠励限制动作，取欠励限制无功功率参考值转换后的控制目标内电势的参考值为本步骤所得的控制目标，若欠励限制未动作，取步骤404中所得的控制目标； Step 405: If the under-excitation limit action is performed, the reference value of the internal potential of the control target after the under-excitation-restricted reactive power reference value is converted is the control target obtained in this step, and if the under-excitation limit is not operated, the control obtained in step 404 is taken. aims;
步骤406：若最大励磁电流限制动作，取最大励磁电流限制励磁电流参考值为本步骤所得的控制目标，若最大励磁电流限制未动作，取步骤405中所得的控制目标；Step 406: If the maximum excitation current limiting action, take the maximum excitation current limit excitation current reference value as the control target obtained in this step, if the maximum excitation current limit does not operate, take the control target obtained in step 405;
步骤407：若最小励磁电流限制动作，取最小励磁电流限制励磁电流参考值为本步骤所得的控制目标，若最小励磁电流限制未动作，取步骤406中所得的控制目标；Step 407: If the minimum excitation current limiting action, the minimum excitation current limiting excitation current reference value is the control target obtained in this step, and if the minimum excitation current limitation is not active, the control target obtained in step 406 is taken;
步骤408：若PSS(电力系统稳定器)投入，将PSS输出叠加在步骤407得到的控制目标上；若PSS未投入，取步骤407中所得的控制目标；Step 408: If the PSS (Power System Stabilizer) is input, the PSS output is superimposed on the control target obtained in step 407; if the PSS is not input, the control target obtained in step 407 is taken;
步骤409：当机端电压、无功功率等控制目标转换成内电势参考值时，与之比较的实际测量值也相应的进行Eq转换；当控制目标为励磁电流参考值时，与之比较的是实时励磁电流。Step 409: When the control target such as the terminal voltage and the reactive power is converted into the internal potential reference value, the actual measured value compared with the corresponding E q conversion is also performed; when the control target is the excitation current reference value, compared with It is the real-time excitation current.
步骤410：针对机端电压控制、无功功率控制、励磁电流控制设计对应的控制参数，若步骤408中所得最终控制目标为机端电压控制、伏赫限制，选取机端电压控制对应的控制参数；若步骤408中所得最终控制目标为过无功限制、欠励限制，选取无功功率控制对应的控制参数；若步骤408中所得最终控制目标为励磁电流控制、过励限制、最大励磁电流限制、最小励磁电流限制，选取励磁电流控制对应的控制参数。Step 410: Design corresponding control parameters for the terminal voltage control, the reactive power control, and the excitation current control. If the final control target obtained in step 408 is the terminal voltage control and the volt limit, the control parameter corresponding to the terminal voltage control is selected. If the final control target obtained in step 408 is over reactive limit and underexcited limit, the control parameter corresponding to reactive power control is selected; if the final control target obtained in step 408 is excitation current control, overexcitation limit, maximum excitation current limit , the minimum excitation current limit, select the control parameters corresponding to the excitation current control.
本发明中励磁控制系统Eq模型可以实现主辅环的协调控制减小快速励磁系统对系统阻尼的影响，在扰动或故障情况下励磁调节仍能保证控制性能，尽快平息振荡，加强励磁系统对电力系统稳定的支撑作用。In the present invention, the E q model of the excitation control system can realize the coordinated control of the main and auxiliary loops to reduce the influence of the fast excitation system on the system damping. In the case of disturbance or fault, the excitation adjustment can still ensure the control performance, calm the oscillation as soon as possible, and strengthen the excitation system. The supporting role of the power system stability.
以上所述仅是本发明的优选实施方式，应当指出，对于本技术领域的普通技术人员来说，在不脱离本发明技术原理的前提下，还可以做出若干改进和变 形，这些改进和变形也应视为本发明的保护范围。 The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that those skilled in the art can make some improvements and changes without departing from the technical principles of the present invention. These modifications and variations are also considered to be within the scope of the invention.

Claims (2)

  1. 基于实时状态内电势控制的同步电机励磁系统控制方法，其特征在于，包括如下步骤：A synchronous motor excitation system control method based on potential state internal potential control, comprising the following steps:
    步骤一：将同步电机励磁控制目标中的机端电压参考值Uref、无功功率参考值Qref按照公式(1)转换成控制目标内电势Eq：Step 1: Convert the terminal voltage reference value U ref and the reactive power reference value Q ref in the excitation motor excitation control target to the control target internal potential E q according to formula (1):
    Figure PCTCN2015090853-appb-100001
    Figure PCTCN2015090853-appb-100001
    其中：P为同步电机有功功率实时测量值，xd为电抗变换系数；Where: P is the real-time measured value of the active power of the synchronous motor, and x d is the reactance transform coefficient;
    当以无功功率Q为控制目标时，U为同步电机机端电压实时测量值，Q即为无功功率参考值Qref；When the reactive power Q is used as the control target, U is the real-time measurement value of the synchronous motor terminal voltage, and Q is the reactive power reference value Q ref ;
    当以机端电压U为控制目标时，U即为机端电压参考值Uref，Q为同步电机无功功率实时测量值；When the terminal voltage U is used as the control target, U is the terminal voltage reference value U ref , and Q is the real-time measurement value of the synchronous motor reactive power;
    当控制目标进行内电势转换后，与之比较的实际测量值也相应的进行Eq转换，式中U为同步电机机端电压实时测量值，Q为同步电机无功功率实时测量值；When the control target performs internal potential conversion, the actual measured value compared with it is also Eq converted accordingly, where U is the real-time measured value of the synchronous motor terminal voltage, and Q is the real-time measured value of the synchronous motor reactive power;
    步骤二：将同步电机励磁系统控制归结为三类控制：主环-机端电压控制、辅环-无功功率控制和辅环-励磁电流控制；Step 2: The control of the excitation system of the synchronous motor is reduced to three types of control: main loop-machine voltage control, auxiliary loop-reactive power control and auxiliary loop-excitation current control;
    所述主环-机端电压控制包括：机端电压控制、调差控制、伏赫兹限制控制；The main loop-machine terminal voltage control includes: machine terminal voltage control, frequency difference control, and volt hertz limit control;
    所述辅环-无功功率控制包括：欠励限制控制、过无功限制控制；The auxiliary loop-reactive power control includes: underexcitation limit control and over reactive limit control;
    所述辅环-励磁电流控制包括：最大励磁电流控制、最小励磁电流控制、PSS控制、过励限制控制；The auxiliary loop-excitation current control includes: maximum excitation current control, minimum excitation current control, PSS control, over-excitation limit control;
    步骤三：对于主环-机端电压控制：设叠加了调差值的机端电压参考值为Uref，则转化同步电机控制目标内电势的参考值为： Step 3: For the main loop-machine terminal voltage control: set the reference voltage value of the terminal voltage superimposed with the adjustment value as U ref , then the reference value of the internal potential of the conversion synchronous motor control target is:
    Figure PCTCN2015090853-appb-100002
    Figure PCTCN2015090853-appb-100002
    对于辅环-无功功率控制：设无功功率参考值为Qref，则转化为的同步电机控制目标内电势的参考值为：For the auxiliary loop-reactive power control: set the reactive power reference value to Q ref , then the reference value of the internal potential of the synchronous motor control target converted into:
    Figure PCTCN2015090853-appb-100003
    Figure PCTCN2015090853-appb-100003
    对于辅环-励磁电流控制：直接切换至以励磁电流为控制目标进行的控制；For the auxiliary loop-excitation current control: directly switch to the control with the excitation current as the control target;
    步骤四：将以机端电压为控制目标的励磁控制主环、以无功功率为控制目标的励磁控制辅环和以励磁电流为控制目标的励磁控制辅环，按照各自对系统稳定的影响及实时控制的需要，选取当前的实时控制目标，进行闭环控制实现励磁系统控制。Step 4: The excitation control main ring with the terminal voltage as the control target, the excitation control auxiliary ring with the reactive power as the control target, and the excitation control auxiliary ring with the excitation current as the control target, according to their respective effects on the stability of the system and The need for real-time control, select the current real-time control target, and perform closed-loop control to achieve excitation system control.
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的基于实时状态内电势控制的同步电机励磁系统控制方法，其特征在于，步骤四中实时控制目标的选取步骤如下：The control method of the synchronous motor excitation system based on the real-time state internal potential control according to claim 1, wherein the step of selecting the real-time control target in the fourth step is as follows:
    步骤401：若过无功限制动作，以过无功限制的无功功率参考值转换后的控制目标内电势的参考值
    Figure PCTCN2015090853-appb-100004
    作为控制目标；无限制动作且电压闭环情况下，将机端电压参考值转换后的控制目标内电势的参考值Eqref作为控制目标；    Step 401: If the reactive power limit action is performed, the reference value of the internal potential of the control target after the reactive power reference value converted by the reactive power limit
    Figure PCTCN2015090853-appb-100004
    As the control target; in the case of unrestricted action and voltage closed loop, the reference value E qref of the internal potential of the control target after the machine terminal voltage reference value is converted is taken as the control target;
    步骤402：若伏赫兹限制动作，设机端电压与频率比的限制为k，取伏赫兹限制电压参考值Uref＝k*f转换后的控制目标内电势的参考值作为控制目标；若伏赫限制动作未动作，取步骤401中的值作为本步骤所得的控制目标；Step 402: If the volthertz limit action, set the limit of the voltage to frequency ratio of the terminal to k, and take the reference value of the internal potential of the control target after the volt-hertz limit voltage reference value U ref =k*f as the control target; The Hex limit action does not operate, and the value in step 401 is taken as the control target obtained in this step;
    步骤403：若电流闭环启动，取励磁电流参考值为本次步骤所得的控制目标，若电流闭环未启动，取步骤402中所得的控制目标；Step 403: If the current is closed-loop, the excitation current reference value is the control target obtained in the current step. If the current closed loop is not activated, the control target obtained in step 402 is taken;
    步骤404：若过励限制动作，取过励限制励磁电流参考值为本步骤所得的控制目标，若过励限制未动作，取步骤403中所得的控制目标； Step 404: If the over-excitation limit operation, take the over-excitation-limited excitation current reference value as the control target obtained in this step, and if the over-excitation limit does not operate, take the control target obtained in step 403;
    步骤405：若欠励限制动作，取欠励限制无功功率参考值转换后的控制目标内电势的参考值为本步骤所得的控制目标，若欠励限制未动作，取步骤404中所得的控制目标；Step 405: If the under-excitation limit action is performed, the reference value of the internal potential of the control target after the under-excitation-restricted reactive power reference value is converted is the control target obtained in this step, and if the under-excitation limit is not operated, the control obtained in step 404 is taken. aims;
    步骤406：若最大励磁电流限制动作，取最大励磁电流限制励磁电流参考值为本步骤所得的控制目标，若最大励磁电流限制未动作，取步骤405中所得的控制目标；Step 406: If the maximum excitation current limiting action, take the maximum excitation current limit excitation current reference value as the control target obtained in this step, if the maximum excitation current limit does not operate, take the control target obtained in step 405;
    步骤407：若最小励磁电流限制动作，取最小励磁电流限制励磁电流参考值为本步骤所得的控制目标，若最小励磁电流限制未动作，取步骤406中所得的控制目标；Step 407: If the minimum excitation current limiting action, the minimum excitation current limiting excitation current reference value is the control target obtained in this step, and if the minimum excitation current limitation is not active, the control target obtained in step 406 is taken;
    步骤408：若PSS投入，将PSS输出叠加在步骤407得到的控制目标上；若PSS未投入，取步骤407中所得的控制目标；Step 408: If the PSS is input, the PSS output is superimposed on the control target obtained in step 407; if the PSS is not input, the control target obtained in step 407 is taken;
    步骤409：当机端电压、无功功率等控制目标转换成内电势参考值时，与之比较的实际测量值也相应的进行Eq转换；当控制目标为励磁电流参考值时，与之比较的是实时励磁电流；Step 409: When the control target such as the terminal voltage and the reactive power is converted into the internal potential reference value, the actual measured value compared with the corresponding E q conversion is also performed; when the control target is the excitation current reference value, compared with Is the real-time excitation current;
    步骤410：针对机端电压控制、无功功率控制、励磁电流控制设计对应的控制参数，若步骤408中所得最终控制目标为机端电压控制、伏赫限制，选取机端电压控制对应的控制参数；若步骤408中所得最终控制目标为过无功限制、欠励限制，选取无功功率控制对应的控制参数；若步骤408中所得最终控制目标为励磁电流控制、过励限制、最大励磁电流限制、最小励磁电流限制，选取励磁电流控制对应的控制参数。 Step 410: Design corresponding control parameters for the terminal voltage control, the reactive power control, and the excitation current control. If the final control target obtained in step 408 is the terminal voltage control and the volt limit, the control parameter corresponding to the terminal voltage control is selected. If the final control target obtained in step 408 is over reactive limit and underexcited limit, the control parameter corresponding to reactive power control is selected; if the final control target obtained in step 408 is excitation current control, overexcitation limit, maximum excitation current limit , the minimum excitation current limit, select the control parameters corresponding to the excitation current control.
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