CN104821757B - Synchronous motor excitation system control method based on real-time state internal potential control - Google Patents

Synchronous motor excitation system control method based on real-time state internal potential control Download PDF

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CN104821757B
CN104821757B CN201510170370.4A CN201510170370A CN104821757B CN 104821757 B CN104821757 B CN 104821757B CN 201510170370 A CN201510170370 A CN 201510170370A CN 104821757 B CN104821757 B CN 104821757B
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control
exciting current
control targe
reference value
end voltage
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CN104821757A (en
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杨铭
许其品
邵宜祥
耿敏彪
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Nari Technology Co Ltd
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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02PCONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
    • H02P6/00Arrangements for controlling synchronous motors or other dynamo-electric motors using electronic commutation dependent on the rotor position; Electronic commutators therefor
    • H02P6/28Arrangements for controlling current
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02PCONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
    • H02P6/00Arrangements for controlling synchronous motors or other dynamo-electric motors using electronic commutation dependent on the rotor position; Electronic commutators therefor

Abstract

The invention discloses a synchronous motor excitation system control method based on real-time state internal potential control. A terminal voltage and a reactive power in a synchronous motor excitation control target are converted to the internal potential of the controlling target according to a formula which is described in the description, wherein P is the real-time active power of the motor. When the reactive power is the controlling target, U is the real-time terminal voltage value of the motor, and Q is the reactive power Qref. When the terminal voltage is the controlling target, U is the terminal voltage Uref, and Q is the real-time reactive power of the motor. Furthermore xd is a reactance conversion coefficient. Through an excitation control main ring which controls the terminal voltage as the controlling target, an excitation control auxiliary ring which controls the reactive power as the controlling target, and the excitation control auxiliary ring which controls the excitation current as the controlling target, a current real-time controlling target is selected according to the effect of each ring to system stability and a real-time controlling requirement; closed-ring control is performed for realizing excitation system control; and an excitation control mode of the synchronous motor is formed. The synchronous motor excitation system control method can improve the supporting function of the excitation system to stability of an electric power system.

Description

The synchronous motor excitation system control method being controlled based on real-time status built-in potential
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of synchronous motor excitation system control method controlling based on real-time status built-in potential, belong to electricity Machine excitation con-trol technical field.
Background technology
Non-linear due to excitation con-trol object synchronization motor (include synchronous motor and synchronous generator), when excitation is adopted When being controlled with classical PID, different operating point amplification difference very big so that classical PID global system response Characteristic difference is very big, leads to meet the statically stable needs of the overall situation so that response speed in some work dot systems It is difficult to meet the stable requirement of large disturbances.
For synchronous generator, with the enforcement of nationwide integrated power grid interconnection, electrical network scale constantly expands, Large Copacity, supertension, Remote conveying electric system is increasing, thus the stable operation of electrical network the problem is getting more complex, motor control also just seems More and more important.Power system stability includes angle stability and voltage stabilization two parts.Voltage stabilization is divided into large disturbances voltage steady Determine and small-disturbance voltage stability:Large disturbances voltage stabilization refer to large disturbances as the system failure, lose electromotor or loop fault after The ability of system control voltage;And small-disturbance voltage stability refer to microvariations as system loading gradually increase in the case of system control The ability of voltage processed.Excitation system is the key link controlling generator reactive power, has very big shadow to electromotor dynamic behaviour Ring.
With the progress of excitation con-trol technology, the exciter control system of Modern Large group has multinomial miscellaneous function, removes Main ring set end voltage controls outer, also many secondary ring controlling units, and such as rotor current controls, tune is poor, volt hertz limits, underexcitation Limit, cross and encourage restriction, excessively idle restriction, PSS (power system stabilizer, PSS) etc..It is mainly used to protect generator amature and stator Safety.When above auxiliary link is had an effect, often exactly grid stability be on the hazard or engine block safety By when potential threat it may also be said to when electrical network or Synchronous generator break down, typically all along with various The effect of limiting element, control performance now is often no longer determined by main ring, and the research previously for excitation system is more Be concern excitation system main ring characteristic, so often may not rise when electrical network or Synchronous generator break down Effect to anticipation.By the research to secondary ring control performance, excitation system can be greatly improved in electrical network or synchronous generator Group break down in the case of regulation performance, the real reliability improving excitation system, improve the safety and stability of electrical network. So for the control performance of high-rating generator excitation system not only main ring to be studied, secondary ring, main ring also to be studied and secondary ring are altogether Coordination problem during same-action, such guarantee, in electrical grid failure or electromotor itself fail, is encouraged Magnetic system can be that stable and electromotor the safety of electrical network contributes to greatest extent.
International standard IEEE std 421, particularly auxiliary in excitation system Controlling model in GB GB/T 7409.2 at present Helping existing between link and main control link again has using height door mode, when using height door form using stacked system During limiter, only need to consider the selection of main and auxiliary ring model and parameter respectively, and when the excitation system model using stacked system When, then not only to consider the model of main and auxiliary ring and selecting it is necessary to consider that coordination therebetween controls of parameter respectively.Both are each Have pluses and minuses, using height door mode excitation system restriction action with exit in there is no-harass switch, and be superimposed The model of mode has that secondary ring parameter selects.
Content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to overcoming deficiency of the prior art, provide a kind of based on real-time status built-in potential control Synchronous motor excitation system control method, solves the not high technical problem of synchronous motor excitation system stability in prior art.
For solving above-mentioned technical problem, the technical solution adopted in the present invention is:Controlled based on real-time status built-in potential Synchronous motor excitation system control method, comprises the steps:
Step one:By set end voltage reference value U in synchronous machinery excitation control targeref, reactive power reference qref Qref It is converted into control targe built-in potential E according to formula (1)q
E q = x d U P 2 + ( Q + U 2 x d ) 2 ; - - - ( 1 )
Wherein:P is synchronous motor active power real-time measurement values, xdFor reactance transformation coefficient;
When with reactive power Q for control targe, U is synchronous motor set end voltage real-time measurement values, and Q is reactive power Reference value Qref
When with set end voltage U for control targe, U is set end voltage reference value Uref, Q is synchronous motor reactive power Real-time measurement values;
Step 2:Synchronous motor excitation system is controlled and is attributed to three classes controls:Main ring-set end voltage control, secondary ring-no Work(Power Control and secondary ring-exciting current control;
Described main ring-set end voltage controls inclusion:Set end voltage controls, adjusts difference to control, volt hertz limits and controls;
Described secondary ring-Reactive Power Control includes:Underexcitation restriction controls, excessively idle restriction controls;
Described secondary ring-exciting current controls inclusion:Maximum exciting current controls, minimum exciting current controls, PSS controls, Cross and encourage restriction control;
Step 3:Main ring-set end voltage is controlled:If the set end voltage reference value being superimposed tune difference is Uref, then turn Change synchronous motor control targe built-in potential reference value be:
E q r e f = x d U r e f P 2 + ( Q + U r e f 2 x d ) 2 ; - - - ( 2 )
For secondary ring-Reactive Power Control:If reactive power reference qref is Qref, then the synchronous motor that is converted into controls mesh Mark built-in potential reference value be:
E q r e f 0 = x d U P 2 + ( Q r e f + U 2 x d ) 2 ; - - - ( 3 )
Secondary ring-exciting current is controlled:It is directly switch into the control carrying out with exciting current for control targe;
Step 4:By the excitation con-trol main ring with set end voltage as control targe, encouraging with reactive power as control targe Magnetic control secondary ring and the excitation con-trol secondary ring with exciting current as control targe, according to each impact to system stability and in real time The needs controlling, choose current real-time control target, carry out closed loop control and realize excitation system control.
In step 4, the selecting step of real-time control target is as follows:
Step 401:If crossing idle restriction action, with the control targe after the reactive power reference qref conversion of excessively idle restriction The reference value of built-in potentialAs control targe;In the case of unrestricted action and voltage close loop, set end voltage reference value is turned Reference value E of the control targe built-in potential after changingqrefAs control targe;
Step 402:If volt hertz restriction action, if set end voltage is k with the limit value of frequency ratio, volt hertz is taken to limit voltage Reference value UrefAs control targe, f is set end voltage frequency to the reference value of the control targe built-in potential after=k*f conversion;If volt Hertz restriction action is not operating, takes the value in step 401 as the control targe of this step gained;
Step 403:If current closed-loop starts, take the control targe that exciting current reference value is this step gained, if electric Stream closed loop is not actuated, takes the control targe of gained in step 402;
Step 404:If cross encouraging restriction action, taking and encouraging the control mesh that restriction exciting current reference value is this step gained Mark, if cross encourage restriction not operating, take the control targe of gained in step 403;
Step 405:If underexcitation restriction action, take the control targe built-in potential after underexcitation restriction reactive power reference qref conversion Reference value be this step gained control targe, if underexcitation limit not operating, take the control targe of gained in step 404;
Step 406:If maximum exciting current restriction action, taking maximum exciting current to limit exciting current reference value is this step The control targe of rapid gained, if maximum exciting current restriction is not operating, takes the control targe of gained in step 405;
Step 407:If minimum exciting current restriction action, taking minimum exciting current to limit exciting current reference value is this step The control targe of rapid gained, if minimum exciting current restriction is not operating, takes the control targe of gained in step 406;
Step 408:If PSS puts into, PSS output is superimposed upon in the control targe that step 407 obtains;If PSS does not put into, Take the control targe of gained in step 407;
Step 409:When the control targes such as set end voltage, reactive power are converted into built-in potential reference value, compare therewith Actual measured value also carries out E accordinglyqConversion;When control targe is for exciting current reference value, compare therewith is to encourage in real time Magnetoelectricity stream.
Step 410:For set end voltage control, Reactive Power Control, the corresponding control parameter of exciting current control design case, If the final control targe of gained controls for set end voltage in step 408, volt hertz limits, choose set end voltage and control corresponding control Parameter processed;If the final control targe of gained was idle restriction in step 408, underexcitation restriction, chooses Reactive Power Control and correspond to Control parameter;If the final control targe of gained is that exciting current controls, excessively encourages restriction, maximum exciting current limit in step 408 System, minimum exciting current limit, and choose exciting current and control corresponding control parameter.
Compared with prior art, the beneficial effect that the present invention is reached is:Exciter control system EqModel can be realized leading The coordinating to control, reduce the impact to system damping for the quick response excitation system of secondary ring, under disturbance or failure condition, adjustment of field excitation is still Can guarantee that control performance, calm down vibration as early as possible, strengthen the supporting role to power system stability for the excitation system.
Brief description
Fig. 1 is the synchronous motor excitation system control method example being controlled based on real-time status built-in potential in the present invention Figure.
Specific embodiment
The invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.Following examples are only used for clearly illustrating the present invention Technical scheme, and can not be limited the scope of the invention with this.
As shown in figure 1, the synchronous motor excitation system control method instance graph being controlled based on real-time status built-in potential, wherein UrefFor set end voltage reference value, UcFor difference coefficient, Qoel-refFor the idle reference value of idle restriction excessively, Quel-refFor underexcitation restriction Idle reference value, UVF-refLimit voltage reference value, I for volt hertzfrefFor exciting current reference value, IflimEncourage restriction excitation for crossing Current reference value, IflimminLimit current reference value, I for minimum exciting currentflimmaxLimit current reference for maximum exciting current Value, LimVF is volt hertz restriction action mark, and IfMark is electric current loop running mark, and IflimMark was to encourage restriction action mark Will, UelMark is underexcitation restriction action mark, and OelMark was idle restriction action mark, and IflimminMark encourages for minimum Magnetic current limiting action mark, IflimmaxMark is maximum exciting current restriction action mark, UPSSFor PSS output.Umea is Set end voltage measured value, Qmea is wattless power measurement value, and Imea is exciting current measurement value, and PID-U controls for voltage close loop, PID-Q controls for Reactance Closed Loop, and PID-I is closed-loop current control.EqRepresent set end voltage reference value, reactive power reference qref Or actual measured value is converted to Eq reference value, measured value.Taking synchronous generator exciting control as a example illustrate.
Step one:By set end voltage reference value U in synchronous machinery excitation control targeref, reactive power reference qref Qref It is converted into control targe built-in potential E according to formula (1)q
E q = x d U P 2 + ( Q + U 2 x d ) 2 ; - - - ( 1 )
Wherein:P is synchronous motor active power real-time measurement values, xdFor reactance transformation coefficient;
When with reactive power Q for control targe, U is synchronous motor set end voltage real-time measurement values, and Q is reactive power Reference value Qref
When with set end voltage U for control targe, U is set end voltage reference value Uref, Q is synchronous motor reactive power Real-time measurement values;
Step 2:The major-minor ring of synchronous generator excited system controls inclusion:Set end voltage controls, rotor current controls, tune Difference controls, volt hertz limit control, low encourage restriction control, cross encourage restriction control, excessively idle limit control, PSS controls, will be synchronous The control of motor excitation system is attributed to three classes and controls:Main ring-set end voltage control, secondary ring-Reactive Power Control and secondary ring-excitation Current control;
Main ring-set end voltage controls inclusion:Set end voltage controls, adjusts difference to control, volt hertz limits and controls;
Secondary ring-Reactive Power Control includes:Underexcitation restriction controls, excessively idle restriction controls;
Secondary ring-exciting current controls inclusion:Maximum exciting current control, minimum exciting current control, PSS control, cross and encourage Limit and control;
Step 3:Main ring-set end voltage is controlled:If the set end voltage reference value being superimposed tune difference is Uref, then turn Change synchronous motor control targe built-in potential reference value be:
E q r e f = x d U r e f P 2 + ( Q + U r e f 2 x d ) 2 ; - - - ( 2 )
In the case that active power is stable, UrefImmobilize, EqControl targe by the change with reactive power Change, while ensureing that set end voltage reaches reference value, the change of automatic tracking reactive power, reach the exciting current of determination Control.
Because volt hertz is limited to limit the ratio of voltage and frequency, if set end voltage is k with the limit value of frequency ratio, then obtain this When set end voltage reference value be Uref=k*f, by the conversion regime conversion of set end voltage.
For secondary ring-Reactive Power Control:If reactive power reference qref is Qref, then the synchronous motor that is converted into controls mesh Mark built-in potential reference value be:
E q r e f 0 = x d U P 2 + ( Q r e f + U 2 x d ) 2 ; - - - ( 3 )
Secondary ring-exciting current is controlled:It is directly switch into the control carrying out with exciting current for control targe;
Restriction control is encouraged for secondary ring-mistake:After thermal accumlation reaches to standard rated condition, with rated exciting current it is Target carries out current loop control, identical with exciting current control.
PSS link need not be changed, and is directly superimposed upon electromotor Eq, in exciting current reference value or be superimposed upon set end voltage ginseng Examine in value.
Step 4:By the excitation con-trol main ring with set end voltage as control targe, encouraging with reactive power as control targe Magnetic control secondary ring and the excitation con-trol secondary ring with exciting current as control targe, according to each impact to system stability and in real time The needs controlling, choose current real-time control target, carry out closed loop control and realize excitation system control.
In step 4, the selecting step of real-time control target is as follows:
Step 401:If crossing idle restriction action, with the control targe after the reactive power reference qref conversion of excessively idle restriction The reference value of built-in potentialAs control targe;In the case of unrestricted action and voltage close loop, set end voltage reference value is turned Reference value E of the control targe built-in potential after changingqrefAs control targe;
Step 402:If volt hertz restriction action, if set end voltage is k with the limit value of frequency ratio, volt hertz is taken to limit voltage Reference value UrefAs control targe, f is set end voltage frequency to the reference value of the control targe built-in potential after=k*f conversion;If volt Hertz restriction action is not operating, takes the value in step 401 as the control targe of this step gained;
Step 403:If current closed-loop starts, take the control targe that exciting current reference value is this step gained, if electric Stream closed loop is not actuated, takes the control targe of gained in step 402;
Step 404:If cross encouraging restriction action, taking and encouraging the control mesh that restriction exciting current reference value is this step gained Mark, if cross encourage restriction not operating, take the control targe of gained in step 403;
Step 405:If underexcitation restriction action, take the control targe built-in potential after underexcitation restriction reactive power reference qref conversion Reference value be this step gained control targe, if underexcitation limit not operating, take the control targe of gained in step 404;
Step 406:If maximum exciting current restriction action, taking maximum exciting current to limit exciting current reference value is this step The control targe of rapid gained, if maximum exciting current restriction is not operating, takes the control targe of gained in step 405;
Step 407:If minimum exciting current restriction action, taking minimum exciting current to limit exciting current reference value is this step The control targe of rapid gained, if minimum exciting current restriction is not operating, takes the control targe of gained in step 406;
Step 408:If PSS (power system stabilizer, PSS) puts into, PSS output is superimposed upon the control mesh that step 407 obtains Put on;If PSS does not put into, take the control targe of gained in step 407;
Step 409:When the control targes such as set end voltage, reactive power are converted into built-in potential reference value, compare therewith Actual measured value also carries out E accordinglyqConversion;When control targe is for exciting current reference value, compare therewith is to encourage in real time Magnetoelectricity stream.
Step 410:For set end voltage control, Reactive Power Control, the corresponding control parameter of exciting current control design case, If the final control targe of gained controls for set end voltage in step 408, volt hertz limits, choose set end voltage and control corresponding control Parameter processed;If the final control targe of gained was idle restriction in step 408, underexcitation restriction, chooses Reactive Power Control and correspond to Control parameter;If the final control targe of gained is that exciting current controls, excessively encourages restriction, maximum exciting current limit in step 408 System, minimum exciting current limit, and choose exciting current and control corresponding control parameter.
Exciter control system E in the present inventionqThe coordination that model can realize major-minor ring controls reduction quick response excitation system pair The impact of system damping, under disturbance or failure condition, adjustment of field excitation still ensures that control performance, calms down vibration as early as possible, strengthens encouraging The supporting role to power system stability for the magnetic system.
The above is only the preferred embodiment of the present invention it is noted that ordinary skill people for the art For member, on the premise of without departing from the technology of the present invention principle, some improvement can also be made and deform, these improve and deform Also should be regarded as protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (2)

1. the synchronous motor excitation system control method based on the control of real-time status built-in potential is it is characterised in that include following walking Suddenly:
Step one:By set end voltage reference value U in synchronous machinery excitation control targeref, reactive power reference qref QrefAccording to Formula (1) is converted into control targe built-in potential Eq
E q = x d U P 2 + ( Q + U 2 x d ) 2 ; - - - ( 1 )
Wherein:P is synchronous motor active power real-time measurement values, xdFor reactance transformation coefficient;
When with reactive power Q for control targe, U is synchronous motor set end voltage real-time measurement values, and Q is reactive power reference Value Qref
When with set end voltage U for control targe, U is set end voltage reference value Uref, Q is that synchronous motor reactive power is real-time Measured value;
After control targe carries out built-in potential conversion, the actual measured value comparing therewith also carries out E accordinglyqConversion, in formula, U is Synchronous motor set end voltage real-time measurement values, Q is synchronous motor reactive power real-time measurement values;
Step 2:Synchronous motor excitation system is controlled and is attributed to three classes controls:Main ring-set end voltage controls, secondary ring-idle work( Rate controls and secondary ring-exciting current controls;
Described main ring-set end voltage controls inclusion:Set end voltage controls, adjusts difference to control, volt hertz limits and controls;
Described secondary ring-Reactive Power Control includes:Underexcitation restriction controls, excessively idle restriction controls;
Described secondary ring-exciting current controls inclusion:Maximum exciting current control, minimum exciting current control, PSS control, cross and encourage Limit and control;
Step 3:Main ring-set end voltage is controlled:If the set end voltage reference value being superimposed tune difference is Uref, then convert same Step motor control objective built-in potential reference value be:
E q r e f = x d U r e f P 2 + ( Q + U r e f 2 x d ) 2 ; - - - ( 2 )
For secondary ring-Reactive Power Control:If reactive power reference qref is Qref, then in the synchronous motor control targe that is converted into The reference value of potential is:
E q r e f 0 = x d U P 2 + ( Q r e f + U 2 x d ) 2 ; - - - ( 3 )
Secondary ring-exciting current is controlled:It is directly switch into the control carrying out with exciting current for control targe;
Step 4:By the excitation con-trol main ring with set end voltage as control targe, the excitation control with reactive power as control targe Secondary ring processed and the excitation con-trol secondary ring with exciting current as control targe, according to each impact to system stability and real-time control Needs, choose current real-time control target, carry out closed loop control and realize excitation system control.
2. the synchronous motor excitation system control method being controlled based on real-time status built-in potential according to claim 1, its It is characterised by, in step 4, the selecting step of real-time control target is as follows:
Step 401:If crossing idle restriction action, with electricity in the control targe after the reactive power reference qref conversion of excessively idle restriction The reference value of gestureAs control targe;In the case of unrestricted action and voltage close loop, after set end voltage reference value is changed Control targe built-in potential reference value EqrefAs control targe;
Step 402:If volt hertz restriction action, if set end voltage is k with the limit value of frequency ratio, volt hertz is taken to limit Voltage Reference Value UrefAs control targe, f is set end voltage frequency to the reference value of the control targe built-in potential after=k*f conversion;If volt hertz Restriction action is not operating, takes the value in step 401 as the control targe of this step gained;
Step 403:If current closed-loop starts, take the control targe that exciting current reference value is this step gained, if electric current closes Ring is not actuated, takes the control targe of gained in step 402;
Step 404:If cross encouraging restriction action, taking and encouraging the control targe that restriction exciting current reference value is this step gained, if Cross encourage restriction not operating, take the control targe of gained in step 403;
Step 405:If underexcitation restriction action, take the underexcitation ginseng limiting the control targe built-in potential after reactive power reference qref is changed Examine the control targe that value is this step gained, if underexcitation restriction is not operating, take the control targe of gained in step 404;
Step 406:If maximum exciting current restriction action, taking maximum exciting current to limit exciting current reference value is this step institute The control targe obtaining, if maximum exciting current restriction is not operating, takes the control targe of gained in step 405;
Step 407:If minimum exciting current restriction action, taking minimum exciting current to limit exciting current reference value is this step institute The control targe obtaining, if minimum exciting current restriction is not operating, takes the control targe of gained in step 406;
Step 408:If PSS puts into, PSS output is superimposed upon in the control targe that step 407 obtains;If PSS does not put into, take step The control targe of gained in rapid 407;
Step 409:When the control targes such as set end voltage, reactive power are converted into built-in potential reference value, the reality comparing therewith Measured value also carries out E accordinglyqConversion;When control targe is for exciting current reference value, compare therewith is real-time excitation electricity Stream;
Step 410:For set end voltage control, Reactive Power Control, the corresponding control parameter of exciting current control design case, if step In rapid 408, the final control targe of gained controls for set end voltage, volt hertz limits, and selection set end voltage control is corresponding to control ginseng Number;If the final control targe of gained was idle restriction in step 408, underexcitation restriction, choose the corresponding control of Reactive Power Control Parameter processed;If the final control targe of gained is that exciting current controls, excessively encourages restriction, maximum exciting current limits, in step 408 Little exciting current limits, and chooses exciting current and controls corresponding control parameter.
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